DE4228052A1 - Exhaust gas sensor for regulation of IC engine - produces differential output from catalyst-coated and uncoated electrode arrays as measure of completeness of combustion. - Google Patents
Exhaust gas sensor for regulation of IC engine - produces differential output from catalyst-coated and uncoated electrode arrays as measure of completeness of combustion.Info
- Publication number
- DE4228052A1 DE4228052A1 DE19924228052 DE4228052A DE4228052A1 DE 4228052 A1 DE4228052 A1 DE 4228052A1 DE 19924228052 DE19924228052 DE 19924228052 DE 4228052 A DE4228052 A DE 4228052A DE 4228052 A1 DE4228052 A1 DE 4228052A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- sensor
- gas sensor
- measure
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1439—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the position of the sensor
- F02D41/1441—Plural sensors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/417—Systems using cells, i.e. more than one cell and probes with solid electrolytes
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Abgas-Sensor zur Re gelung von Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere Kfz-Motoren und -Katalysatoren.The present invention relates to an exhaust gas sensor for re gelation of internal combustion engines, in particular motor vehicle engines and -Catalysts.
Zur Regelung von Kfz-Motoren muß die Menge des nichtausreagier ten Treibstoff/Luft-Gemisches, das jeden Zylinder eines Mehrzy linder-Kfz-Motors verläßt, bekannt sein. Zur Regelung von Kfz- Katalysatoren muß der Lambda-Wert des zugemessenen Brenn stoff/Luft-Gemisches bekannt sein. Die Ansprechzeiten von Mo torregelungs-Sensoren müssen im Bereich von Millisekunden lie gen, um eine angestrebte Zylinderselektivität zu erzielen.To regulate automotive engines, the amount of unreacted th fuel / air mixture that each cylinder of a Mehrzy linder motor vehicle leaves, be known. To regulate automotive Catalysts must have the lambda value of the measured combustion Known substance / air mixture. The response times of Mo Gate control sensors must be in the millisecond range gene to achieve the desired cylinder selectivity.
Für die zylinderselektive Regelung von Kfz-Motoren sind bisher keine Abgassensor-Konzepte bekannt. Für die Katalysator-Rege lung existieren die bekannten Ausführungsformen der Lambda-Son den auf der Basis von ionenleitendem Zirkonoxid oder elektro nisch leitendem Titanoxid.So far for the cylinder-selective control of automotive engines No exhaust gas sensor concepts known. For the catalyst rain the known embodiments of the lambda son exist based on ion-conductive zirconium oxide or electro nically conductive titanium oxide.
Zur Regelung eines Mehrzylinder-Kfz-Motors muß sowohl die Kon zentration des unverbrannten Treibstoffs als auch die des vor handenen Sauerstoffs jeweils nach dem Verlassen der einzelnen Zylinder bekannt sein.To control a multi-cylinder automotive engine, both the Kon concentration of unburned fuel as well as that of before available oxygen after leaving the individual Cylinder to be known.
Eine Lambda-Sonde reicht zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe allein nicht aus. Die Sonde erfaßt nur das zugemessene Kraftstoff/Luft-Ver hältnis. Solange die Verbrennung in jedem Zylinder optimal ver läuft, ist die Lambda-Sonde zur Einstellung des Zylinder-Lamb dawerts ausreichend. Bei nichtoptimaler Verbrennung ändert sich das Signal der Lambda-Sonde nicht entsprechend der veränderten Abgaszusammensetzung, da die Reaktion an der katalytischen Elektrode der Lambda-Sonde vervollständigt wird. A lambda probe alone is not enough to solve this task out. The probe only detects the metered fuel / air Ver ratio. As long as the combustion in each cylinder is optimal is running, the lambda probe is used to set the cylinder lamb dawerts sufficient. If the combustion is not optimal, changes the signal of the lambda probe does not correspond to the changed one Exhaust gas composition because the reaction to the catalytic Electrode of the lambda probe is completed.
Es ist demzufolge zusätzliche Information betreffend die Voll ständigkeit der Verbrennung in den einzelnen Zylindern erforder lich.It is therefore additional information regarding the full constant combustion is required in the individual cylinders Lich.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Abgas-Sensor zur Regelung von Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere Kfz-Motoren und -Katalysatoren zu schaffen, der zum Zwecke ei ner zylinderselektiven Erfassung des die Brennkraftmaschine verlassenden nichtausreagierten Treibstoff/Luft-Gemisches aus reichend schnell reagiert, zuverlässig arbeitet und kostengün stig herstellbar ist.The present invention has for its object a Exhaust gas sensor for regulating internal combustion engines, in particular To create automotive engines and catalytic converters for the purpose of ei ner cylinder-selective detection of the internal combustion engine leaving unreacted fuel / air mixture Reacts quickly enough, works reliably and inexpensively is always producible.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein Abgas-Sensor gemäß dem Ober begriff des Patentanspruchs 1 vorgeschlagen, der durch die darin angegebenen Merkmale gekennzeichnet ist.To solve this problem, an exhaust gas sensor according to the Ober concept of claim 1 proposed by the features identified therein.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind durch die in den Unteransprüchen angegebenen Merkmale gekennzeichnet.Advantageous developments of the invention are characterized by the in the features specified in the subclaims.
lm folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand mehrerer Figuren im ein zelnen beschrieben, wobei die Figuren ein bevorzugtes Ausfüh rungsbeispiel der Erfindung betreffen.In the following the invention with reference to several figures in one described individually, the figures being a preferred embodiment Example of the invention relate.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Schnitts durch den erfindungsgemäßen Abgas-Sensor gemäß einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel. Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a section through the inventive exhaust gas sensor according to a preferred embodiment.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine schematische Draufsicht auf die Sensorstruk tur, die in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist. Fig. 2 shows a schematic plan view of the sensor structure, which is shown in Fig. 1.
Erfindungsgemäß wird gemäß Fig. 1 u. Fig. 2 ein Abgas-Sensor vorgeschlagen, bei dem ein erstes Sensor-Element 1 den Sauer stoffpartialdruck mißt, nachdem sich beispielweise das Abgas der Sensor-Elektrode aufgrund deren katalytischer Wirkung voll ständig ausreagiert hat. Dieses Sensor-Element 1 mißt also den fehlenden bzw. überschüssigen Sauerstoffgehalt, aus dem sich wie bei herkömmlichen Lambda-Sonden der Lambda-Wert zur Kataly satorregelung ergibt. Ein zweites Sensor-Element 2 mißt gleich zeitig den Sauerstoffpartialdruck im Abgas ohne die katalyti sche Einstellung stöchiometrischer Verhältnisse. Der betref fende Wert wird i.a. höher liegen. Die Meßprinzipien der beiden Sensor-Elemente 1, 2 können gleich oder verschieden sein.According to the invention is shown in FIG . Fig. 2 proposed an exhaust gas sensor in which a first sensor element 1 measures the oxygen partial pressure after, for example, the exhaust gas of the sensor electrode has completely reacted due to its catalytic effect. This sensor element 1 thus measures the missing or excess oxygen content from which, as in conventional lambda probes, the lambda value for catalyst control results. A second sensor element 2 simultaneously measures the oxygen partial pressure in the exhaust gas without the catalytic setting of stoichiometric conditions. The relevant value will generally be higher. The measuring principles of the two sensor elements 1 , 2 can be the same or different.
Das Differenzsignal aus den Signalen von Sensor-Element 2 und Sensor-Element 1 ist ein direktes Maß für die Unvollständigkeit der Verbrennung. Nach Maßgabe dieses Signals wird der Motor zy linderselektiv geregelt.The difference signal from the signals from sensor element 2 and sensor element 1 is a direct measure of the incompleteness of the combustion. In accordance with this signal, the motor is controlled cylinder-selectively.
Sind die beiden Sensor-Elemente 1, 2 bis auf den katalytischen Bestandteil des Sensor-Elements 1 im Aufbau identisch, so wer den beide gegeneinander geschaltet. Auf diese Weise ist das ge wünschte Differenzsignal einfach zu gewinnen.Are the two sensor elements 1 , 2 identical except for the catalytic component of the sensor element 1 in structure, so who switched the two against each other. In this way, the desired differential signal is easy to obtain.
Ein wesentlicher dieser Anordnung besteht darin, daß schnelle Temperaturschwankungen des Abgas-Sensorsystems, die nicht durch eine Sensorheizung ausgeregelt werden können, automatisch kom pensiert werden.An essential part of this arrangement is that fast Temperature fluctuations in the exhaust gas sensor system that are not caused by a sensor heater can be adjusted automatically be penalized.
Langzeitdrifts und Alterungseffekte werden auf diese Weise ebenfalls weitgehend kompensiert.Long-term drifts and aging effects are this way also largely compensated.
Das Signal des Sensor-Elements 1, das wie eine Lambda-Sonde ar beitet, dient (falls erforderlich) darüber hinaus zur Regelung des Abgas-Katalysators.The signal from sensor element 1 , which works like a lambda probe, also serves (if necessary) to regulate the exhaust gas catalytic converter.
Um die erforderliche Ansprechgeschwindigkeit zu erreichen, ist erfindungsgemäß ein Aufbau des Sensor-Systems in dünnen Schich ten vorgesehen. Dafür kommen alle Arten von Planartechnologien, wie Dickschicht-, Dünnschicht-, CVD-Technologien usw., in Frage. Als Substrat 3 wird vorteilhafterweise ein gut wärme leitfähiges Material verwendet. Dies gewährleistet einen schnellen Ausgleich eventuell vorhandener Temperaturgradienten und optimiert so die automatische Temperatur-Kompensation der beiden Sensor-Elemente. In order to achieve the required response speed, a structure of the sensor system is provided in thin layers according to the invention. All types of planar technologies, such as thick-film, thin-film, CVD technologies etc., are suitable for this. A material with good heat conductivity is advantageously used as the substrate 3 . This ensures a quick compensation of any temperature gradients and thus optimizes the automatic temperature compensation of the two sensor elements.
Als Sauerstoffsensor-Grundmaterial dienen Metalloxide, deren elektronische Leitfähigkeit vom Sauerstoff-Partialdruck ab hängt. Die katalytische Schicht des Sensor-Elements 1 besteht aus einem katalytisch wirksamen, jedoch korrosionsfesten Mate rial, z. B. einem Metall der 8. Nebengruppe.Metal oxides serve as the basic oxygen sensor material, and their electronic conductivity depends on the partial pressure of oxygen. The catalytic layer of the sensor element 1 consists of a catalytically effective, but corrosion-resistant mate rial, for. B. a metal of sub-group 8.
Eine mögliche Ausführungsform der Sensorstruktur ist in Fig. 1 gezeigt:A possible embodiment of the sensor structure is shown in FIG. 1:
Auf das gut wärmeleitfähige Substrat 3 sind für jedes Sensor- Element 1, 2 zwei Interdigitalstruktur-Elektroden 4, 5 aufge bracht, vergl. auch Fig. 2. Diese müssen korrosionsfest und temperaturstabil sein und sind vorzugsweise aus Pt gebildet. Auf jedes dieser Elektrodenpaare 4/5 ist eine dünne, sauer stoffsensitive Schicht aus Metalloxid 6 aufgebracht. Eine der beiden Sensorstrukturen ist mit einer dünnen Katalysatorschicht 7 möglichst großer spezifischer Oberfläche bedeckt, und zwar das Sensorelement 1. Um das Sensor-Elementpaar herum ist eine Dünnschicht-Temperaturregelungsanordnung 8 in an sich bekannter Weise, bestehend aus einem Heizmäander und einem Temperaturfüh ler, beispielsweise aus Pt vorgesehen. Alle ungeschützten Me tallbereiche außerhalb des Sensor-Elementpaares sind beispiels weise mittels einer Si3N4-Schicht passiviert.On the highly thermally conductive substrate 3 , two interdigital structure electrodes 4 , 5 are brought up for each sensor element 1 , 2 , see also FIG. 2. These must be corrosion-resistant and temperature-stable and are preferably formed from Pt. A thin, oxygen-sensitive layer of metal oxide 6 is applied to each of these electrode pairs 4/5 . One of the two sensor structures is covered with a thin catalyst layer 7, the largest possible specific surface, namely sensor element 1 . Around the pair of sensor elements, a thin-film temperature control arrangement 8 is provided in a manner known per se, consisting of a heating meander and a temperature sensor, for example made of Pt. All unprotected metal areas outside the pair of sensor elements are passivated, for example, by means of an Si 3 N 4 layer.
Die angegebene Struktur bildet einen einfach aufgebauten, schnellen Abgas-Sensor insbesondere zur Regelung von Kfz-Moto ren über einen weiten Lambda-Bereich hinweg mit inherenter Tem peratur- und Driftkompensation.The specified structure forms a simply constructed, Fast exhaust gas sensor, especially for controlling motor vehicle moto ren over a wide lambda range with inherent Tem temperature and drift compensation.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP91116715 | 1991-09-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE4228052A1 true DE4228052A1 (en) | 1993-04-01 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE19924228052 Withdrawn DE4228052A1 (en) | 1991-09-30 | 1992-08-24 | Exhaust gas sensor for regulation of IC engine - produces differential output from catalyst-coated and uncoated electrode arrays as measure of completeness of combustion. |
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Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4320881A1 (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-09-01 | Roth Forschung Gmbh & Co Autom | Combination of lambda probes |
WO1996026434A1 (en) * | 1995-02-21 | 1996-08-29 | Ab Volvo | Arrangement for analysis of exhaust gases |
DE19531202A1 (en) * | 1995-08-24 | 1997-02-27 | Siemens Ag | Oxygen content measuring device for IC engine control |
FR2741445A1 (en) * | 1995-11-22 | 1997-05-23 | Siemens Ag | EXHAUST GAS SENSOR AND CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT THEREFOR |
DE19702570C2 (en) * | 1996-01-26 | 2000-12-07 | Yazaki Corp | Limit current type oxygen sensor |
DE10000350A1 (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2001-07-12 | Kostal Leopold Gmbh & Co Kg | Sensor module for electric plug housing, includes sensor element and carrier element for holding sensor element, and contact for electrical connection to sensor |
DE19830709C2 (en) * | 1998-07-09 | 2002-10-31 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Measuring transducer for the detection of hydrocarbons in gases |
DE10011562C2 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2003-05-22 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | gas sensor |
US6849239B2 (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2005-02-01 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method and apparatus for analyzing mixtures of gases |
US6960476B2 (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2005-11-01 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method and apparatus for analyzing mixtures of gases |
DE102014114976B4 (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2016-12-15 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | on-board diagnostic system for a catalysed substrate |
WO2017155873A1 (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2017-09-14 | Kerdea Technologies, Inc. | Resistive based combustion sensing method and apparatus |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4225896A1 (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1993-04-01 | Siemens Ag | SENSOR FOR DETERMINING THE OXYGEN CONCENTRATION AND DETERMINING THE CONTENT OF UNBURNED FUELS IN THE EXHAUST GAS FROM A COMBUSTION ENGINE |
-
1992
- 1992-08-24 DE DE19924228052 patent/DE4228052A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4225896A1 (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1993-04-01 | Siemens Ag | SENSOR FOR DETERMINING THE OXYGEN CONCENTRATION AND DETERMINING THE CONTENT OF UNBURNED FUELS IN THE EXHAUST GAS FROM A COMBUSTION ENGINE |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4320881A1 (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-09-01 | Roth Forschung Gmbh & Co Autom | Combination of lambda probes |
WO1996026434A1 (en) * | 1995-02-21 | 1996-08-29 | Ab Volvo | Arrangement for analysis of exhaust gases |
US6238536B1 (en) | 1995-02-21 | 2001-05-29 | Ab Volvo | Arrangement for analysis of exhaust gases |
DE19531202A1 (en) * | 1995-08-24 | 1997-02-27 | Siemens Ag | Oxygen content measuring device for IC engine control |
DE19531202C2 (en) * | 1995-08-24 | 1998-05-14 | Siemens Ag | Arrangement for measuring the oxygen content in flammable flowing media, the ratio of oxygen and flammable flowing medium and for measuring flammable gases in air |
FR2741445A1 (en) * | 1995-11-22 | 1997-05-23 | Siemens Ag | EXHAUST GAS SENSOR AND CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT THEREFOR |
US5767386A (en) * | 1995-11-22 | 1998-06-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust gas sensor and circuit configuration for the exhaust gas sensor |
DE19543537C2 (en) * | 1995-11-22 | 2002-08-08 | Siemens Ag | Exhaust gas sensor and circuit arrangement for the exhaust gas sensor |
DE19702570C2 (en) * | 1996-01-26 | 2000-12-07 | Yazaki Corp | Limit current type oxygen sensor |
DE19830709C2 (en) * | 1998-07-09 | 2002-10-31 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Measuring transducer for the detection of hydrocarbons in gases |
DE10000350A1 (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2001-07-12 | Kostal Leopold Gmbh & Co Kg | Sensor module for electric plug housing, includes sensor element and carrier element for holding sensor element, and contact for electrical connection to sensor |
DE10011562C2 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2003-05-22 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | gas sensor |
US6849239B2 (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2005-02-01 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method and apparatus for analyzing mixtures of gases |
US6960476B2 (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2005-11-01 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method and apparatus for analyzing mixtures of gases |
US8043566B2 (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2011-10-25 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method and apparatus for analyzing mixtures of gases |
DE102014114976B4 (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2016-12-15 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | on-board diagnostic system for a catalysed substrate |
US9528423B2 (en) | 2013-10-15 | 2016-12-27 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | On-board diagnostics system for catalyzed substrate |
WO2017155873A1 (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2017-09-14 | Kerdea Technologies, Inc. | Resistive based combustion sensing method and apparatus |
US10598072B2 (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2020-03-24 | Kerdea Technologies, Inc. | Resistive based combustion sensing method and apparatus |
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