DE4426302A1 - Shock force meter for combat sport e.g. boxing or martial arts - Google Patents

Shock force meter for combat sport e.g. boxing or martial arts

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Publication number
DE4426302A1
DE4426302A1 DE4426302A DE4426302A DE4426302A1 DE 4426302 A1 DE4426302 A1 DE 4426302A1 DE 4426302 A DE4426302 A DE 4426302A DE 4426302 A DE4426302 A DE 4426302A DE 4426302 A1 DE4426302 A1 DE 4426302A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
calculated
curve
evaluation device
force
time
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Granted
Application number
DE4426302A
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German (de)
Other versions
DE4426302C2 (en
Inventor
Eui-Min Ko
Clemens Roemer
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KO EUI MIN
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KO EUI MIN
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Priority to DE4426302A priority Critical patent/DE4426302C2/en
Publication of DE4426302A1 publication Critical patent/DE4426302A1/en
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Publication of DE4426302C2 publication Critical patent/DE4426302C2/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/20—Punching balls, e.g. for boxing; Other devices for striking used during training of combat sports, e.g. bags
    • A63B69/22—Punching balls, e.g. for boxing; Other devices for striking used during training of combat sports, e.g. bags mounted on, or suspended from, a fixed support
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/20—Punching balls, e.g. for boxing; Other devices for striking used during training of combat sports, e.g. bags
    • A63B69/32—Punching balls, e.g. for boxing; Other devices for striking used during training of combat sports, e.g. bags with indicating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0052—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to impact
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
    • G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
    • G01P15/08—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/50—Force related parameters
    • A63B2220/51—Force
    • A63B2220/53—Force of an impact, e.g. blow or punch
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2244/00—Sports without balls
    • A63B2244/10—Combat sports
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2244/00—Sports without balls
    • A63B2244/10—Combat sports
    • A63B2244/102—Boxing

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

An evaluation unit is used for determining the characteristic curve and the equivalent inertia mass. An acceleration pick-up is arranged at the contact surface (e.g. in blow padding or body protective vest). This pick-up measures the acceleration curve (a(t)) of the contact surface. The displacement time curve of the contact surface is then computed, and from this and the equivalent inertia mass, the ''dynamic'' force time curve (F2(t)) is computed using the data obtained, also the ''static'' energy curve (E1(t)). The dynamic energy curve (E2(t)) is then computed from the curve (F2(t)) and the displacement time course using the evaluation unit. The total energy curve (E(t)) is computed from the energy curve (E1(t),E1(2)) using the evaluation unit, also the power time curve (p(t)). Quantifiable variables such as the max. force, max. power, average power, impact strength and total energy are computed by the evaluation unit. All the computed curves are indicated on a monitor screen.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Es gibt bereits verschiedene Arten von Schockkraftmeßgeräten für den Kampf­ sport. Diese basieren jedoch im wesentlichen auf dem Prinzip einer einfachen Kraftmessung, wie sie zum Beispiel durch die Messung einer Federdeformation möglich ist. Es wird nicht die Wirkung einer Kampfsportschlagtechnik ermittelt, sondern ausschließlich die Auftreffkraft gemessen, und diese als quantifizierende Größe verwendet. Die gleichzeitige Berücksichtigung von Kraft, Zeit und Weg (Schlagtiefe) und deren Einflüsse auf die Wirksamkeit einer Kampfsportschlag­ technik ist nicht die technische Entwicklungsrichtung.Various types of combat shock force meters already exist Sports. However, these are essentially based on the principle of a simple one Force measurement, such as by measuring a spring deformation is possible. The effect of a martial arts technique is not determined, but only measured the impact force, and this as quantifying Size used. The simultaneous consideration of strength, time and distance (Strike depth) and their influences on the effectiveness of a martial arts strike technology is not the technical direction of development.

Technisches ProblemTechnical problem

Es soll die Schockkraft und deren Wirkung auf den getroffenen Gegenstand er­ mittelt werden. Unter Schockkraft versteht man im Kampfsportbereich eine über einen sehr kurzen Zeitraum wirkende sehr hohe Kraft. Damit man durch eine Schlagtechnik diese Schockkraft wirksam auf einen Gegenstand oder Geg­ ner übertragen kann, ist es außerdem notwendig, daß es durch die einwirkende Schlagkraft während der Kontaktzeit zu einer bestimmten Verschiebung des ge­ troffenen Teils, der sogenannten Schlagtiefe, kommt; nur dann kann von einer wirkungsvollen Schlagtechnik ausgegangen werden, da nur in diesem Fall Ener­ gie auf das getroffene Teil übertragen wurde. Um nun eine Quantifizierung der Wirkung einer Kampfsportschlagtechnik vornehmen zu können, ist es somit not­ wendig, daß alle drei Einflußparameter, Kraft, Zeit und Schlagtiefe (Weg) in die Bildung dieses quantifizierenden Index eingehen.It is supposed to be the shock force and its effect on the object hit be averaged. In the martial arts area, shock power is one very high force acting over a very short period of time. So that one can go through a striking technique effectively applies this shock force to an object or counter ner can transmit, it is also necessary that it through the acting Striking power during the contact time to a certain shift of the ge affected part, the so-called hit depth, comes; only then can one effective striking technique can be assumed, since only in this case Ener was transferred to the part hit. To quantify the It is therefore necessary to be able to perform the effect of a martial arts technique maneuverable that all three influencing parameters, strength, time and depth of stroke (path) into the The formation of this quantifying index.

Bisherige Schlagkraftmesser berücksichtigen diese Zusammenhänge nicht, oder erfassen nur Teilaspekte.Previous impact meters do not take these relationships into account, or only capture partial aspects.

Außerdem erfolgt bei den herkömmlichen Schockkraftmessern die Kraftermitt­ lung meist durch Messen des statischen Widerstandes. Eine gleichzeitige Berück­ sichtigung des statischen und des dynamischen Widerstandes ist bisher nicht er­ folgt.In addition, the force is determined in the conventional shock force gauges mostly by measuring the static resistance. A simultaneous move So far, he has not considered static and dynamic resistance follows.

Lösungsolution

Dieses Problem wird durch die Vorrichtungen der Ansprüche 1 und 2 gelöst. This problem is solved by the devices of claims 1 and 2.  

Dies wird durch eine Meß- und Auswerteeinrichtung bewerkstelligt. Die Meßein­ richtung besteht aus einem Beschleunigungsaufnehmer, der fest mit der Treffer­ fläche verbunden ist. Mit einer Auswerteeinrichtung, die mit dem Beschleuni­ gungsaufnehmer, beispielsweise über ein Kabel, verbunden ist, wird der Be­ schleunigungsverlauf der Trefferfläche ermittelt. Aus diesem Beschleunigungs­ verlauf werden mittels der Auswerteeinrichtung Weg-Zeit-, Kraft-Zeit-, Energie- Zeit- und Leistungs-Zeit-Verlauf bestimmt.This is accomplished by a measuring and evaluation device. The Messein Direction consists of an accelerometer that is fixed with the hit area is connected. With an evaluation device that works with the accelerator supply transducer, for example via a cable, the Be acceleration course of the hit area determined. For this acceleration course-time, force-time, energy Time and performance-time history determined.

Die Trefferfläche wirkt einem Schlag auf zwei verschiedene Wege entgegen:The target area counteracts a blow in two different ways:

  • 1. Statischer Widerstand: Zur langsamen Bewegung der Trefferfläche in der hierzu senkrechten Achse ist ein Widerstand zu überwinden, der mit der Größe der Bewegung zunimmt, ähnlich einer Briefwaage, die bei unterschiedli­ chen Gewichten unterschiedliche Wege anzeigt. Dieser Widerstand resultiert aus den verschiedenen Nachgiebigkeiten der gesamten Konstruktion und der Ab­ stützeinrichtung. Dieser Bewegungs-Kraft-Verlauf der Trefferfläche ist die äquivalente Federkennlinie. Diese äquivalente Federkennlinie kann mittels der Auswerteeinrichtung in einem Versuch bestimmt werden, oder rechnerisch ermittelt werden, z. B. mit der Finiten Element Methode. Die Kraft, die zur Über­ windung dieses statischen Widerstandes aufgebracht wird, ist somit der wegab­ hängige statische Kraft-Zeit-Verlauf F1(t).1. Static resistance: For slow movement of the target area in A resistance must be overcome on the axis perpendicular to this The size of the movement increases, similar to that of a letter scale, which in different Chen weights shows different ways. This resistance results from the various compliances of the entire construction and the Ab support device. This movement-force curve of the target area is the equivalent spring characteristic. This equivalent spring characteristic can be determined using the evaluation device can be determined in a test, or by calculation be determined, e.g. B. with the finite element method. The force that leads to over Winding this static resistance is applied, is the way down pending static force-time curve F1 (t).
  • 2. Dynamischer Widerstand: Wird die Trefferfläche schnell bewegt, so kommt zu dem statischen Widerstand, den die Trefferfläche einer angreifenden Kraft entgegenhält, der dynamische Widerstand. Wirken auf massebelegte, frei bewegliche Teile Kräfte oder Drehmomente, so bewirken diese Kräfte, daß diese Teile beschleunigt werden. Diese Teile setzen den angreifenden Kräften und Drehmomenten gleichgroße, entgegengesetzte Trägheitskräfte und Trägheitsmo­ mente entgegen. Alle diese Trägheitskräfte und Trägheitsmomente können für die Bewegung der Trefferfläche zu einer äquivalenten Trägheitsmasse zu­ sammengefaßt werden. Diese äquivalente Trägheitsmasse kann mittels der Aus­ werteeinrichtung in einem Versuch bestimmt oder rechnerisch mit der Modalanalyse ermittelt werden. Die Kraft, die zur Überwin­ dung dieses dynamischen Widerstandes aufgebracht wird, ist somit der be­ schleunigungsabhängige dynamische Kraft-Zeit-Verlauf F2(t).2. Dynamic resistance: If the target area is moved quickly, so comes to the static resistance that the hitting face of an attacking Opposing force, the dynamic resistance. Act on mass-occupied, free moving parts forces or torques, these forces cause these Parts are accelerated. These parts expose the attacking forces and Torques of equal magnitude, opposite inertial forces and moment of inertia mentions. All of these inertial forces and moments of inertia can be used for the movement of the target area to an equivalent inertial mass be summarized. This equivalent mass of inertia can by means of the off value device determined in a trial or can be determined mathematically with the modal analysis. The power to overcome This dynamic resistance is applied, is therefore the be acceleration-dependent dynamic force-time curve F2 (t).

Der Beschleunigungsverlauf wird gemessen. Aus dem Beschleunigungsverlauf, dem daraus berechneten Weg-Zeit-Verlauf, der äquivalenten Trägheitsmasse und der äquivalenten Federkennlinie lassen sich der statische und dynamische Kraft-Zeit-Verlauf ermitteln. Weiterhin lassen sich daraus die Energie-Zeit-Ver­ läufe und Leistungs-Zeit-Verläufe ermitteln. Aus all diesen Informationen kön­ nen durch einfache Programmierung Indexe berechnet werden, die das oder die interessierenden Merkmale besonders berücksichtigen. Somit kann die Vorrich­ tung auf Besonderheiten und Erfordernisse verschiedener Kampfsportarten in­ dividuell angepaßt werden. The acceleration curve is measured. From the acceleration curve, the path-time curve calculated from this, the equivalent mass of inertia and the equivalent spring characteristic can be the static and dynamic Determine the force-time curve. Furthermore, the energy-time ver Determine courses and performance-time courses. From all this information indexes can be calculated by simple programming consider features of interest. Thus the Vorrich special features and requirements of various martial arts in can be adjusted individually.  

Die Elemente des Systems sind somit: Trefferfläche mit daran befestigtem Be­ schleunigungsaufnehmer, Auswerteeinrichtung und Anzeigevorrichtung.The elements of the system are: hit area with attached Be accelerometer, evaluation device and display device.

Erreichte VorteileAchieved advantages

Die mit der Erfindung erreichten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daßThe advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that

  • a) ein metrischer Wert (Index) für die Schockkraftwirkung einer Kampf­ sportschlagtechnik ermittelt werden kann,a) a metric value (index) for the shock effect of a fight sports stroke technique can be determined
  • c) zur Verwendung der Vorrichtung keine Befestigung an feste Vorrichtun­ gen oder Wände benötigt wird,c) no attachment to fixed devices to use the device walls or walls is required
  • d) die Vorrichtung in andere Sportgeräte, wie zum Beispiel Sandsack und Schlagpolster (Coaching-mitt) integrierbar ist, da es wenig Platz benötigt und keine feste Abstützeinrichtung benötigt,d) the device in other sports equipment, such as sandbag and Impact pad (coaching mitt) can be integrated, since it takes up little space and does not need a fixed support device,
  • e) beim Integrieren in andere Sportgeräte eine Abstimmung auf diese pro­ blemlos möglich ist, da die äquivalente Trägheitsmasse und Federkennli­ nie in einer Versuchsanordnung von der Auswerteeinrichtung berechnet werden kann,e) when integrating into other sports equipment a vote on this pro is possible without any problems, since the equivalent mass of inertia and spring characteristics never calculated in a test arrangement by the evaluation device can be,
  • f) die Vorrichtung auf die Besonderheiten verschiedener Kampfsportarten individuell angepaßt werden kann.f) the device on the peculiarities of different martial arts can be customized.
AusführungsbeispieleEmbodiments

Beispielhaft sei an dieser Stelle auf folgende Möglichkeiten hingewiesen:At this point, we would like to point out the following options:

  • a) Einbau in ein Schlagpolster (Fig. 2)a) Installation in a punch pad ( Fig. 2)
  • b) Einbau in eine Kampfweste (=Körperschutz bei Wettkämpfen)b) Installation in a combat vest (= body protection during competitions)
  • c) Einbau in eine federnde Vorrichtung zur Befestigung an der Wand oder Boden (Fig. 3)c) Installation in a resilient device for attachment to the wall or floor ( Fig. 3)
  • d) Einbau in den Kick and Punch Enforcer der Firma Ko & Partner, Martial Art Equipment, München.d) Installation in the Kick & Punch Enforcer from Ko & Partner, Martial Art Equipment, Munich.

Claims (4)

1. Schockkraftmesser für Kampfsportschlagtechniken [SKSST] mit
  • - einer Trefferfläche
  • - einer Anzeigevorrichtung
  • - einer nachgiebigen Abstützeinrichtung für die Trefferfläche
1. Shock force meter for martial arts techniques [SKSST] with
  • - a target area
  • - a display device
  • - a resilient support for the target area
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
  • - mittels einer Auswerteeinrichtung die äquivalente Federkennlinie und die äquivalente Trägheitsmasse bestimmt werden kann,
  • - ein Beschleunigungsaufnehmer an der Trefferfläche angeordnet ist, der den Beschleunigungsverlauf a(t) der Trefferfläche während des Schlagvorganges mißt,
  • - aus dem Beschleunigungsverlauf mittels der Auswerteeinrichtung der Weg- Zeit-Verlauf der Trefferfläche berechnet wird,
  • - aus dem berechneten Weg-Zeit-Verlauf und der äquivalenten Federkennlinie mittels der Auswerteeinrichtung der "statische" Kraft-Zeit-Verlauf F1(t) be­ rechnet wird,
  • - aus dem Beschleunigungsverlauf und der äquivalenten Trägheitsmasse mittels der Auswerteeinrichtung der "dynamische" Kraft-Zeit-Verlauf F2(t) berechnet wird,
  • - aus den berechneten Kraft-Zeit-Verläufen F1(t) und F2(t) der Gesamtkraft- Zeit-Verlauf F(t) mittels der Auswerteeinrichtung berechnet wird,
  • - aus dem berechneten Kraft-Zeit-Verlauf F1(t) und dem berechneten Weg-Zeit- Verlauf mittels der Auswerteeinrichtung der "statische" Energieverlauf E1(t) berechnet wird,
  • - aus dem berechneten Kraft-Zeit-Verlauf F2(t) und dem berechneten Weg-Zeit- Verlauf mittels der Auswerteeinrichtung der "dynamische" Energieverlauf E2(t) berechnet wird,
  • - aus den berechneten Energieverläufen E1(t) und E2(t) mittels der Auswerte­ einrichtung der Gesamtenergieverlauf E(t) mittels der Auswerteeinrichtung berechnet wird,
  • - aus dem berechneten Gesamtenergieverlauf E(t) mittels der Auswerteeinrich­ tung der Leistungs-Zeit-Verlauf p(t) berechnet wird,
  • - aus den berechneten Verläufen alle quantifizierenden Größen, wie Maximal­ kraft, Maximalleistung, Durchschnittsleistung, Schlagtiefe, Gesamtenergie mit­ tels der Auswerteeinrichtung berechnet werden,
  • - alle berechneten Verläufe über die Anzeigevorrichtung angezeigt werden kön­ nen.
 characterized in that
  • the equivalent spring characteristic and the equivalent inertial mass can be determined by means of an evaluation device,
  • an acceleration sensor is arranged on the target area, which measures the course of acceleration a (t) of the target area during the striking process,
  • the path-time profile of the hit area is calculated from the acceleration profile by means of the evaluation device,
  • the "static" force-time curve F1 (t) is calculated from the calculated path-time curve and the equivalent spring characteristic using the evaluation device,
  • the "dynamic" force-time profile F2 (t) is calculated from the acceleration profile and the equivalent mass of inertia by means of the evaluation device,
  • the total force-time profile F (t) is calculated from the calculated force-time profiles F1 (t) and F2 (t) by means of the evaluation device,
  • the "static" energy curve E1 (t) is calculated from the calculated force-time curve F1 (t) and the calculated path-time curve by means of the evaluation device,
  • the "dynamic" energy curve E2 (t) is calculated from the calculated force-time curve F2 (t) and the calculated path-time curve by means of the evaluation device,
  • the total energy profile E (t) is calculated from the calculated energy profiles E1 (t) and E2 (t) by means of the evaluation device,
  • the power-time curve p (t) is calculated from the calculated total energy curve E (t) by means of the evaluation device,
  • - from the calculated curves, all quantifying variables, such as maximum force, maximum power, average power, depth of field, total energy, are calculated using the evaluation device,
  • - All calculated courses can be displayed on the display device.
2. Schockkraftmesser für Kampfsportschlagtechniken [SKSST] mit
  • - einer Trefferfläche
  • - einer Anzeigevorrichtung
2. Shock dynamometer for martial arts techniques [SKSST] with
  • - a target area
  • - a display device
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
  • - mittels einer Auswerteeinrichtung die äquivalente Trägheitsmasse bestimmt werden kann,
  • - ein Beschleunigungsaufnehmer an der Trefferfläche angeordnet ist, der den Beschleunigungsverlauf a(t) der Trefferfläche während des Schlagvorganges mißt,
  • - aus dem Beschleunigungsverlauf mittels der Auswerteeinrichtung der Weg- Zeit-Verlauf berechnet wird,
  • - aus dem Beschleunigungsverlauf und den gesamten bewegbaren Massenantei­ len, der äquivalenten Trägheitsmasse also, mittels der Auswerteeinrichtung der "dynamische" Kraft-Zeit-Verlauf F2(t) berechnet wird,
  • - aus dem berechneten Kraft-Zeit-Verlauf F2(t) und dem berechneten Weg-Zeit- Verlauf mittels der Auswerteeinrichtung der "dynamische" Energieverlauf E2(t) berechnet wird,
  • - aus dem berechneten Energieverlauf E2(t) mittels der Auswerteeinrichtung der Leistungs-Zeit-Verlauf p(t) berechnet wird
  • - aus den berechneten Verläufen alle quantifizierenden Größen, wie Maximal­ kraft, Maximalleistung, Durchschnittsleistung, Schlagtiefe, Gesamtenergie mit­ tels der Auswerteeinrichtung berechnet werden,
  • - alle berechneten Verläufe über die Anzeigevorrichtung angezeigt werden kön­ nen.
characterized in that
  • the equivalent inertial mass can be determined by means of an evaluation device,
  • an acceleration sensor is arranged on the target area, which measures the course of acceleration a (t) of the target area during the striking process,
  • the path-time curve is calculated from the acceleration curve by means of the evaluation device,
  • the "dynamic" force-time curve F2 (t) is calculated from the acceleration curve and the total movable mass portions, ie the equivalent mass of inertia, by means of the evaluation device,
  • the "dynamic" energy curve E2 (t) is calculated from the calculated force-time curve F2 (t) and the calculated path-time curve by means of the evaluation device,
  • - The power-time curve p (t) is calculated from the calculated energy curve E2 (t) by means of the evaluation device
  • - from the calculated curves, all quantifying variables, such as maximum force, maximum power, average power, depth of field, total energy, are calculated using the evaluation device,
  • - All calculated courses can be displayed on the display device.
DE4426302A 1994-07-25 1994-07-25 Method of measuring shock force for martial arts strike techniques Expired - Fee Related DE4426302C2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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DE4426302C2 DE4426302C2 (en) 1996-06-20

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WO2004070336A1 (en) * 2003-02-07 2004-08-19 M.B.T.L. Limited Punch sensor
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