DE69005322T2 - Verfahren zum Reduzieren der Stickoxyde aus Dieselmotorabgasen. - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Reduzieren der Stickoxyde aus Dieselmotorabgasen.Info
- Publication number
- DE69005322T2 DE69005322T2 DE69005322T DE69005322T DE69005322T2 DE 69005322 T2 DE69005322 T2 DE 69005322T2 DE 69005322 T DE69005322 T DE 69005322T DE 69005322 T DE69005322 T DE 69005322T DE 69005322 T2 DE69005322 T2 DE 69005322T2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- diesel engine
- nitrogen oxides
- engine exhaust
- reducing nitrogen
- reducing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/02—Gas passages between engine outlet and pump drive, e.g. reservoirs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/08—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1025210A JPH0635818B2 (ja) | 1989-02-02 | 1989-02-02 | ディーゼルエンジン排ガス中の窒素酸化物除去方法 |
JP1025209A JPH0635817B2 (ja) | 1989-02-02 | 1989-02-02 | ディーゼルエンジン排ガス中の窒素酸化物除去方法 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE69005322D1 DE69005322D1 (de) | 1994-02-03 |
DE69005322T2 true DE69005322T2 (de) | 1994-05-19 |
DE69005322T3 DE69005322T3 (de) | 1999-01-07 |
Family
ID=26362804
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE69005322T Expired - Lifetime DE69005322T3 (de) | 1989-02-02 | 1990-02-02 | Verfahren zum Reduzieren der Stickoxyde aus Dieselmotorabgasen. |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5021227A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0381236B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR950012137B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE69005322T3 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10216260B4 (de) * | 2002-04-12 | 2005-04-21 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE10216278B4 (de) * | 2002-04-12 | 2005-05-04 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer NOx-Konzentration |
US8341942B2 (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2013-01-01 | Emitec Gesellschaft Fuer Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Method for providing ammonia for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides and corresponding device |
Families Citing this family (109)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK166377C (da) * | 1989-02-10 | 1993-09-27 | Haldor Topsoe As | Fremgangsmaade til fjernelse af nitrogenoxider fra udstoedningsgasser fra turbiner |
JP2663720B2 (ja) * | 1990-12-26 | 1997-10-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ディーゼルエンジンの排気浄化装置 |
US5224346A (en) * | 1991-05-16 | 1993-07-06 | James W. Davis | Engine NOx reduction system |
JP3098083B2 (ja) * | 1991-12-26 | 2000-10-10 | マツダ株式会社 | 排気ガス浄化用触媒 |
US5351482A (en) * | 1992-04-28 | 1994-10-04 | Shell Oil Company | Method of maintaining catalytic converter activity in gasoline vehicles |
US5234477A (en) * | 1992-04-28 | 1993-08-10 | Shell Oil Company | Method of reducing NOx emissions in gasoline vehicles |
US5355973A (en) * | 1992-06-02 | 1994-10-18 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Muffler with catalytic converter arrangement; and method |
US5367875A (en) * | 1992-12-07 | 1994-11-29 | Coltec Industries Inc | Automated catalytic reduction system |
DE4423003C2 (de) * | 1993-07-06 | 1999-01-21 | Ford Werke Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reduzieren von NO¶x¶ in den Abgasen von Kraftfahrzeugverbrennungsmotoren |
US5367889A (en) * | 1993-08-25 | 1994-11-29 | Lanyon; Joseph G. | Exhaust treatment apparatus |
ATE169130T1 (de) * | 1993-11-04 | 1998-08-15 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und einrichtung zur dosierung eines reaktanten in ein strömungsmedium |
DE69519243T2 (de) * | 1994-02-15 | 2001-03-08 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | Verfahren und Katalysator zur Reinigung von NOx-enthaltenden Abgasen |
US5522218A (en) * | 1994-08-23 | 1996-06-04 | Caterpillar Inc. | Combustion exhaust purification system and method |
DE4436415A1 (de) * | 1994-10-12 | 1996-04-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Einrichtung zum Nachbehandeln von Abgasen einer selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschine |
DE4436397B4 (de) * | 1994-10-12 | 2006-06-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Einrichtung zum Nachbehandeln von Abgasen |
US5849593A (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1998-12-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for metering a reagent into a flowing medium |
JP3391587B2 (ja) * | 1994-11-18 | 2003-03-31 | 株式会社小松製作所 | ディーゼルエンジンの排気脱硝装置 |
DE4441261A1 (de) * | 1994-11-19 | 1996-05-23 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Einrichtung zum Nachbehandeln von Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE19531028A1 (de) * | 1995-08-23 | 1997-02-27 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Abgasreinigung und Abgas-Reinigungseinrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor |
EP0852662B1 (de) * | 1995-09-29 | 1999-03-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur umsetzung eines schadstoffes in einem abgas an einem katalysator |
US6345496B1 (en) | 1995-11-09 | 2002-02-12 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and device for purifying exhaust gas of an engine |
DE69609857T2 (de) * | 1995-11-17 | 2001-03-22 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur reinigung von abgasen einer brennkraftmaschine |
US5992141A (en) * | 1996-04-02 | 1999-11-30 | Kleen Air Systems, Inc. | Ammonia injection in NOx control |
EP0891473B1 (de) * | 1996-04-02 | 2002-03-13 | Kleenair Systems, Inc. | AMMONIAK-EINSPRITZUNG ZUR REDUKTION DER NOx-EMMISSION |
JP3713831B2 (ja) * | 1996-04-19 | 2005-11-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP3454334B2 (ja) * | 1996-06-18 | 2003-10-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排気浄化方法及びその装置 |
JP4087914B2 (ja) * | 1996-07-25 | 2008-05-21 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 脱硝システム及び脱硝方法 |
DE19646643C1 (de) * | 1996-11-12 | 1998-02-12 | Daimler Benz Ag | Anlage zur Stickoxid-Reduktionsmitteleinspritzung in einen Abgasstrom |
TW386042B (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 2000-04-01 | Nippon Catalytic Chemical Ind | Catalyst for removing organic halogen compounds, preparation method thereforand method for removing organic halogen compounds |
ATE233368T1 (de) * | 1997-03-13 | 2003-03-15 | Haldor Topsoe As | Verfahren zur selektiven reduktion von nox in abgas |
US5976475A (en) * | 1997-04-02 | 1999-11-02 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | Reducing NOx emissions from an engine by temperature-controlled urea injection for selective catalytic reduction |
US6063350A (en) * | 1997-04-02 | 2000-05-16 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | Reducing nox emissions from an engine by temperature-controlled urea injection for selective catalytic reduction |
US6399034B1 (en) * | 1997-05-14 | 2002-06-04 | Hjs Fahrzeugtechnik Gmbh & Co. | Process for reducing nitrogen oxides on SCR catalyst |
JP3237611B2 (ja) | 1997-11-11 | 2001-12-10 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
DE19806265C5 (de) * | 1998-02-16 | 2004-07-22 | Siemens Ag | Dosiersystem |
US6279603B1 (en) * | 1998-10-01 | 2001-08-28 | Ambac International | Fluid-cooled injector |
US6125629A (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-10-03 | Engelhard Corporation | Staged reductant injection for improved NOx reduction |
DE19855384A1 (de) * | 1998-12-01 | 2000-06-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vorrichtung zum Nachbehandeln von Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE19855338A1 (de) * | 1998-12-01 | 2000-06-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vorrichtung zum Einbringen eines Reduktionsmittels in einen Abgasrohrabschnitt einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE19907669C1 (de) * | 1999-02-23 | 2000-11-30 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren zur Korrektur des Wassereinflusses auf das Signal eines Sensors zur Detektion der im Abgas eines Verbrennungsmotors befindlichen Reduktionsmittelkonzentration |
DE19919472C2 (de) * | 1999-04-29 | 2001-04-19 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Detektion von Ammoniak |
US6295809B1 (en) * | 1999-07-12 | 2001-10-02 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Emission control system with a catalyst |
US6266955B1 (en) | 1999-08-20 | 2001-07-31 | Caterpillar Inc. | Diagnostic system for an emissions control on an engine |
DE19946903A1 (de) | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-05 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vorrichtung zur Dosierung eines Reduktionsmittels |
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SE516624C2 (sv) * | 2000-06-14 | 2002-02-05 | Volvo Lastvagnar Ab | Anordning för insprutning av urea i ett turbinhus i ett avgassystem |
JP3613676B2 (ja) * | 2000-07-24 | 2005-01-26 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
US6415602B1 (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2002-07-09 | Engelhard Corporation | Control system for mobile NOx SCR applications |
DE10052377A1 (de) * | 2000-10-20 | 2002-05-02 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Sicheres Entnehmen von gasförmigem Ammoniak aus Gasflaschen zur Reduzierung von NOx im Abgasstrom von Verbrennungsmaschinen |
WO2003018177A1 (de) | 2001-08-18 | 2003-03-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur speicherung und dosierung eines reduktionsmittels |
DE10155675A1 (de) | 2001-08-18 | 2003-05-28 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Speicherung und Dosierung eines Reduktionsmittels |
US6722123B2 (en) | 2001-10-17 | 2004-04-20 | Fleetguard, Inc. | Exhaust aftertreatment device, including chemical mixing and acoustic effects |
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EP2426329B1 (de) * | 2003-09-19 | 2013-05-01 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd. | Abgasentgiftungsvorrichtung für Motor |
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EP3473825A1 (de) * | 2008-06-27 | 2019-04-24 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur reinigung von dieselabgasen |
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US8596063B2 (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2013-12-03 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Exhaust treatment system for an internal combustion engine |
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CN102725051A (zh) * | 2009-11-20 | 2012-10-10 | 丹麦技术制造公司 | 选择性催化还原系统 |
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1990
- 1990-02-01 KR KR1019900001186A patent/KR950012137B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-02-02 DE DE69005322T patent/DE69005322T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-02 EP EP90102103A patent/EP0381236B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-02 US US07/474,274 patent/US5021227A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-04-01 US US07/678,119 patent/US5116579A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE10216260B4 (de) * | 2002-04-12 | 2005-04-21 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE10216278B4 (de) * | 2002-04-12 | 2005-05-04 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer NOx-Konzentration |
US8341942B2 (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2013-01-01 | Emitec Gesellschaft Fuer Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Method for providing ammonia for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides and corresponding device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5116579A (en) | 1992-05-26 |
DE69005322T3 (de) | 1999-01-07 |
KR900013180A (ko) | 1990-09-03 |
EP0381236B2 (de) | 1998-07-08 |
US5021227A (en) | 1991-06-04 |
DE69005322D1 (de) | 1994-02-03 |
EP0381236A1 (de) | 1990-08-08 |
EP0381236B1 (de) | 1993-12-22 |
KR950012137B1 (ko) | 1995-10-14 |
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