DE69312709T2 - Lötperle auf schaltungsanordnung - Google Patents
Lötperle auf schaltungsanordnungInfo
- Publication number
- DE69312709T2 DE69312709T2 DE69312709T DE69312709T DE69312709T2 DE 69312709 T2 DE69312709 T2 DE 69312709T2 DE 69312709 T DE69312709 T DE 69312709T DE 69312709 T DE69312709 T DE 69312709T DE 69312709 T2 DE69312709 T2 DE 69312709T2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- circuit arrangement
- pearl
- soldering
- soldering pearl
- arrangement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
- H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/10—Bump connectors ; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/15—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process
- H01L24/16—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process of an individual bump connector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/3457—Solder materials or compositions; Methods of application thereof
- H05K3/3478—Applying solder preforms; Transferring prefabricated solder patterns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
- H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/10—Bump connectors ; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/11—Manufacturing methods
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
- H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/10—Bump connectors ; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/12—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process
- H01L24/13—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual bump connector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/3457—Solder materials or compositions; Methods of application thereof
- H05K3/3463—Solder compositions in relation to features of the printed circuit board or the mounting process
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/02—Bonding areas; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/023—Redistribution layers [RDL] for bonding areas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/10—Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/1012—Auxiliary members for bump connectors, e.g. spacers
- H01L2224/10122—Auxiliary members for bump connectors, e.g. spacers being formed on the semiconductor or solid-state body to be connected
- H01L2224/10145—Flow barriers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/10—Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/12—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process
- H01L2224/13—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual bump connector
- H01L2224/13001—Core members of the bump connector
- H01L2224/1302—Disposition
- H01L2224/13024—Disposition the bump connector being disposed on a redistribution layer on the semiconductor or solid-state body
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/10—Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/12—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process
- H01L2224/13—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual bump connector
- H01L2224/13001—Core members of the bump connector
- H01L2224/13099—Material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/10—Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/12—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process
- H01L2224/13—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual bump connector
- H01L2224/13001—Core members of the bump connector
- H01L2224/13099—Material
- H01L2224/131—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron [B], silicon [Si], germanium [Ge], arsenic [As], antimony [Sb], tellurium [Te] and polonium [Po], and alloys thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
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- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01006—Carbon [C]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01013—Aluminum [Al]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01014—Silicon [Si]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01022—Titanium [Ti]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01029—Copper [Cu]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01047—Silver [Ag]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01049—Indium [In]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01078—Platinum [Pt]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01082—Lead [Pb]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/013—Alloys
- H01L2924/0132—Binary Alloys
- H01L2924/01322—Eutectic Alloys, i.e. obtained by a liquid transforming into two solid phases
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/013—Alloys
- H01L2924/014—Solder alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/11—Device type
- H01L2924/14—Integrated circuits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/4913—Assembling to base an electrical component, e.g., capacitor, etc.
- Y10T29/49144—Assembling to base an electrical component, e.g., capacitor, etc. by metal fusion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/49147—Assembling terminal to base
- Y10T29/49149—Assembling terminal to base by metal fusion bonding
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/876,147 US5281684A (en) | 1992-04-30 | 1992-04-30 | Solder bumping of integrated circuit die |
PCT/US1993/003731 WO1993022475A1 (en) | 1992-04-30 | 1993-04-21 | Solder bumping of integrated circuit die |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE69312709D1 DE69312709D1 (de) | 1997-09-04 |
DE69312709T2 true DE69312709T2 (de) | 1998-02-05 |
Family
ID=25367083
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE69312709T Expired - Fee Related DE69312709T2 (de) | 1992-04-30 | 1993-04-21 | Lötperle auf schaltungsanordnung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5281684A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0640151B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH07506462A (de) |
KR (1) | KR950701396A (de) |
DE (1) | DE69312709T2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1993022475A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (75)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5281772A (en) * | 1991-10-28 | 1994-01-25 | Delco Electronics Corporation | Electrical connector having energy-formed solder stops and methods of making and using the same |
US5428249A (en) | 1992-07-15 | 1995-06-27 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Photovoltaic device with improved collector electrode |
JP3057130B2 (ja) * | 1993-02-18 | 2000-06-26 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 樹脂封止型半導体パッケージおよびその製造方法 |
JPH07207185A (ja) * | 1994-01-21 | 1995-08-08 | Kawazumi Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk | 被覆パラジウム微粉末および導電性ペースト |
US5615824A (en) * | 1994-06-07 | 1997-04-01 | Tessera, Inc. | Soldering with resilient contacts |
US5632631A (en) * | 1994-06-07 | 1997-05-27 | Tessera, Inc. | Microelectronic contacts with asperities and methods of making same |
US5802699A (en) * | 1994-06-07 | 1998-09-08 | Tessera, Inc. | Methods of assembling microelectronic assembly with socket for engaging bump leads |
US5983492A (en) * | 1996-11-27 | 1999-11-16 | Tessera, Inc. | Low profile socket for microelectronic components and method for making the same |
JP2792532B2 (ja) * | 1994-09-30 | 1998-09-03 | 日本電気株式会社 | 半導体装置の製造方法及び半導体ウエハー |
US6826827B1 (en) * | 1994-12-29 | 2004-12-07 | Tessera, Inc. | Forming conductive posts by selective removal of conductive material |
US6204074B1 (en) | 1995-01-09 | 2001-03-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Chip design process for wire bond and flip-chip package |
US5517127A (en) * | 1995-01-09 | 1996-05-14 | International Business Machines Corporation | Additive structure and method for testing semiconductor wire bond dies |
JP3362545B2 (ja) * | 1995-03-09 | 2003-01-07 | ソニー株式会社 | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
JPH09107048A (ja) * | 1995-03-30 | 1997-04-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 半導体パッケージ |
US6388203B1 (en) | 1995-04-04 | 2002-05-14 | Unitive International Limited | Controlled-shaped solder reservoirs for increasing the volume of solder bumps, and structures formed thereby |
WO1996031905A1 (en) | 1995-04-05 | 1996-10-10 | Mcnc | A solder bump structure for a microelectronic substrate |
TW336371B (en) * | 1995-07-13 | 1998-07-11 | Motorola Inc | Method for forming bumps on a substrate the invention relates to a method for forming bumps on a substrate |
US5699613A (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 1997-12-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Fine dimension stacked vias for a multiple layer circuit board structure |
US5844317A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1998-12-01 | International Business Machines Corporation | Consolidated chip design for wire bond and flip-chip package technologies |
US5851911A (en) | 1996-03-07 | 1998-12-22 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Mask repattern process |
CN1095623C (zh) * | 1996-04-18 | 2002-12-04 | 国际商业机器公司 | 用于含铜金属的复合涂料组合物 |
FR2748602B1 (fr) * | 1996-05-07 | 1998-08-21 | Solaic Sa | Circuit integre comportant des plots de connexion debouchant sur une face |
US5793116A (en) * | 1996-05-29 | 1998-08-11 | Mcnc | Microelectronic packaging using arched solder columns |
US5902686A (en) * | 1996-11-21 | 1999-05-11 | Mcnc | Methods for forming an intermetallic region between a solder bump and an under bump metallurgy layer and related structures |
JP3335575B2 (ja) | 1997-06-06 | 2002-10-21 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 半導体装置およびその製造方法 |
EP0899787A3 (de) * | 1997-07-25 | 2001-05-16 | Mcnc | Knotrolliert geformte Lötreservoirszur Volumenerhöhung von Löthöckern und damit hergestellten Strukturen |
US5990472A (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-11-23 | Mcnc | Microelectronic radiation detectors for detecting and emitting radiation signals |
US6441487B2 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 2002-08-27 | Flip Chip Technologies, L.L.C. | Chip scale package using large ductile solder balls |
US6303988B1 (en) * | 1998-04-22 | 2001-10-16 | Packard Hughes Interconnect Company | Wafer scale burn-in socket |
US6903451B1 (en) * | 1998-08-28 | 2005-06-07 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Chip scale packages manufactured at wafer level |
US6011314A (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-01-04 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Redistribution layer and under bump material structure for converting periphery conductive pads to an array of solder bumps |
US6544880B1 (en) * | 1999-06-14 | 2003-04-08 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Method of improving copper interconnects of semiconductor devices for bonding |
US6130479A (en) * | 1999-08-02 | 2000-10-10 | International Business Machines Corporation | Nickel alloy films for reduced intermetallic formation in solder |
AU742589B2 (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2002-01-10 | Evergrand Holdings Ltd. | Method for mounting a semiconductor chip on a substrate, and semiconductor device adapted for mounting on substrate |
EP1162654A1 (de) * | 2000-06-06 | 2001-12-12 | I-Ming Chen | Verfahren zum Montieren eines Halbleiterchips auf einem Substrat und Halbleitervorrichtung geeignet für das Montieren auf einem Substrat |
US6569753B1 (en) * | 2000-06-08 | 2003-05-27 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Collar positionable about a periphery of a contact pad and around a conductive structure secured to the contact pads, semiconductor device components including same, and methods for fabricating same |
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JP2002141576A (ja) * | 2000-11-02 | 2002-05-17 | Fujitsu Ltd | ピエゾ素子と電極との接合方法及び該接合方法を使用したピエゾマイクロアクチュエータ |
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TW200603698A (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2006-01-16 | Unitive International Ltd | Methods of forming solder bumps on exposed metal pads and related structures |
US7615873B2 (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2009-11-10 | International Rectifier Corporation | Solder flow stops for semiconductor die substrates |
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WO2006050127A2 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-11 | Flipchip International, Llc | Semiconductor device package with bump overlying a polymer layer |
US20060205170A1 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-14 | Rinne Glenn A | Methods of forming self-healing metal-insulator-metal (MIM) structures and related devices |
US7932615B2 (en) * | 2006-02-08 | 2011-04-26 | Amkor Technology, Inc. | Electronic devices including solder bumps on compliant dielectric layers |
US7674701B2 (en) | 2006-02-08 | 2010-03-09 | Amkor Technology, Inc. | Methods of forming metal layers using multi-layer lift-off patterns |
US7701045B2 (en) | 2006-04-11 | 2010-04-20 | Rambus Inc. | Point-to-point connection topology for stacked devices |
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-
1992
- 1992-04-30 US US07/876,147 patent/US5281684A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-04-21 JP JP5519348A patent/JPH07506462A/ja active Pending
- 1993-04-21 EP EP93910682A patent/EP0640151B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-21 WO PCT/US1993/003731 patent/WO1993022475A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1993-04-21 KR KR1019940703890A patent/KR950701396A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1993-04-21 DE DE69312709T patent/DE69312709T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-15 US US08/091,937 patent/US5327013A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Publication number | Publication date |
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DE69312709D1 (de) | 1997-09-04 |
WO1993022475A1 (en) | 1993-11-11 |
US5327013A (en) | 1994-07-05 |
JPH07506462A (ja) | 1995-07-13 |
US5281684A (en) | 1994-01-25 |
EP0640151B1 (de) | 1997-07-30 |
EP0640151A4 (de) | 1995-05-03 |
EP0640151A1 (de) | 1995-03-01 |
KR950701396A (ko) | 1995-03-23 |
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