DE69609473T3 - ELECTRO-SURGICAL INSTRUMENT - Google Patents

ELECTRO-SURGICAL INSTRUMENT Download PDF

Info

Publication number
DE69609473T3
DE69609473T3 DE69609473T DE69609473T DE69609473T3 DE 69609473 T3 DE69609473 T3 DE 69609473T3 DE 69609473 T DE69609473 T DE 69609473T DE 69609473 T DE69609473 T DE 69609473T DE 69609473 T3 DE69609473 T3 DE 69609473T3
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
exposed
fluid
electrode
tissue
treatment section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DE69609473T
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE69609473D1 (en
DE69609473T2 (en
Inventor
Mark Nigel Castleton GOBLE
Charles Colin Penarth GOBLE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gyrus Medical Ltd
Original Assignee
Gyrus Medical Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=27451303&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=DE69609473(T3) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from GBGB9512888.0A external-priority patent/GB9512888D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9512889.8A external-priority patent/GB9512889D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9600352.0A external-priority patent/GB9600352D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9600355.3A external-priority patent/GB9600355D0/en
Application filed by Gyrus Medical Ltd filed Critical Gyrus Medical Ltd
Publication of DE69609473D1 publication Critical patent/DE69609473D1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE69609473T2 publication Critical patent/DE69609473T2/en
Publication of DE69609473T3 publication Critical patent/DE69609473T3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1485Probes or electrodes therefor having a short rigid shaft for accessing the inner body through natural openings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/1206Generators therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1402Probes for open surgery
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1482Probes or electrodes therefor having a long rigid shaft for accessing the inner body transcutaneously in minimal invasive surgery, e.g. laparoscopy
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1492Probes or electrodes therefor having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/1206Generators therefor
    • A61B2018/1246Generators therefor characterised by the output polarity
    • A61B2018/126Generators therefor characterised by the output polarity bipolar
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B2018/1472Probes or electrodes therefor for use with liquid electrolyte, e.g. virtual electrodes

Description

Diese Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein elektrochirurgisches Instrument für die Behandlung von Gewebe in der Gegenwart eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids und auf ein eine derartige Vorrichtung einschließendes elektrochirurgisches Apparatesystem.These The invention relates to an electrosurgical instrument for treatment tissue in the presence of an electrically conductive fluid and to an electrosurgical device including such a device Apparatus system.

Die endoskopische Elektrochirurgie ist für das Behandeln von Gewebe in Körperhöhlen brauchbar und wird normalerweise in der Gegenwart eines Dehnmediums ausgeführt. Wenn das Dehnmedium eine Flüssigkeit ist, wird diese gemeinhin als Unterwasserelektrochirurgie bezeichnet, wobei dieser Ausdruck eine Elektrochirurgie bezeichnet, bei der lebendes Gewebe mittels eines elektrochirurgischen Instrumentes mit einer Behandlungselektrode oder in Flüssigkeit an der Operationsstelle eingetauchten Elektroden behandelt wird. Ein gasförmiges Medium wird gemeinhin eingesetzt, wenn die endoskopische Chirurgie in einer dehnbaren Körperhöhle mit einem größeren möglichen Volumen ausgeführt wird, in der ein flüssiges Medium ungeeignet ist, wie es oft bei der laparoskopischen oder gastroenterologen Chirurgie der Fall ist.The Endoscopic electrosurgery is for treating tissue useful in body cavities and is usually carried out in the presence of a stretching medium. If the expansion medium is a liquid is commonly referred to as underwater electrosurgery, this term refers to electrosurgery in which live Tissue by means of an electrosurgical instrument with a Treatment electrode or in liquid treated at the surgical site electrodes is treated. A gaseous Medium is commonly used when performing endoscopic surgery in a distensible body cavity with a larger possible Volume executed becomes, in which a liquid Medium is unsuitable, as is often the case with laparoscopic or Gastroenterologist surgery is the case.

Eine Unterwasserchirurgie wird gemeinhin unter Verwenden endoskopischer Techniken ausgeführt, wobei das Endoskop selbst eine Röhre (gemeinhin als Arbeitskanal bezeichnet) zum Durchführen einer Elektrode bereitstellen kann. Wahlweise kann das Endoskop speziell daran angepaßt sein (wie bei einem Resektoskop), Mittel zum Befestigen einer Elektrode einzuschließen, oder die Elektrode kann über ein getrenntes Zugangsmittel unter einem Winkel bezüglich des Endoskops in eine Körperhöhle eingeführt werden – eine Technik, die gemeinhin als Triangulation bezeichnet wird. Diese Änderungen bei der Technik können in eine chirurgische Besonderheit unterteilt werden, wo bei einem vorgegebenen Zugangsweg zu der speziellen Körperhöhle die eine oder andere Technik besondere Vorteile aufweist. Endoskope mit integralen Arbeitskanälen oder die als Resektoskope gekennzeichneten werden im allgemeinen eingesetzt, wenn die Körperhöhle durch eine natürliche Körperöffnung zugänglich ist – wie etwa der Zervixkanal zum Zugang zur Endometriumshöhle des Uterus oder die Harnröhre zum Zugang zur Prostata und der Blase. Speziell zur Verwendung in der Endometriumshöhle ausgelegte Endoskope werden als Hysteroskope bezeichnet und die zur Verwendung im Harnweg ausgelegten schließen Zystoskope, Urethroskope und Resektoskope ein. Die Verfahren der transurethalen Resektion oder Verdampfung der Prostata sind als TURP beziehungsweise EVAP bekannt. Wenn es keine natürliche Körperöffnung gibt, durch die ein Endoskop geführt werden kann, wird gemeinhin die Triangulationstechnik eingesetzt. Die Triangulation wird gemeinhin während der endoskopischen Unterwasserchirurgie bei Gelenkhöhlen wie etwa dem Knie und der Schulter verwendet. Das bei diesen Verfahren verwendete Endoskop wird gemeinhin als Arthroskop bezeichnet.A Underwater surgery is commonly using endoscopic Running techniques the endoscope itself is a tube (commonly referred to as a working channel) for performing a Can provide electrode. Optionally, the endoscope can be special adapted to it be (as in a resectoscope), means for attaching an electrode include, or the electrode can over a separate access means at an angle with respect to Endoscopes are inserted into a body cavity - a technique commonly referred to as triangulation. These changes in the technique can be divided into a surgical specialty, where at one predetermined access route to the special body cavity one or the other technique has special advantages. Endoscopes with integral working channels or those identified as resectoscopes are generally used when the body cavity is through a natural one Body opening is accessible - such as the Cervical canal for access to the endometrial cavity of the uterus or the urethra Access to the prostate and bladder. Specially designed for use in the endometrial cavity Endoscopes are referred to as hysteroscopes and those for use close in the urinary tract Cystoscopes, urethroscopes and resectoscopes. The procedures of Transurethral resection or vaporization of the prostate are considered TURP or EVAP known. If there is no natural body opening, guided by an endoscope The triangulation technique is commonly used. The Triangulation is commonly used during Endoscopic underwater surgery in joint cavities such as used about the knee and the shoulder. That with these procedures used endoscope is commonly referred to as an arthroscope.

Die Elektrochirurgie wird üblicherweise durch Verwenden entweder einer monopolaren Vorrichtung oder einer bipolaren Vorrichtung durchgeführt. Bei der monopolaren Elektrochirurgie wird im Operationsbereich eine aktive Elektrode verwendet und eine leitfähige Rückführungsplatte wird an der Haut des Patienten befestigt. Bei dieser Anordnung fließt Strom von der aktiven Elektrode durch das Gewebe des Patienten zur äußeren Rückführungsplatte. Da der Patient einen bedeutenden Teil des Stromkreises darstellt, müssen die Stromeingangswerte zum Kompensieren der Widerstandsstrombegrenzung des Patientengewebes und im Falle der Unterwasser-Elekrochirurgie von Stromverlusten aufgrund des Fluids, das durch die Anwesenheit von Blut oder anderen Körperfluiden teilweise leitend gemacht wird, hoch (typischerweise 150 bis 250 Watt) sein. Das Verwenden eines hohen Stromes bei einer monopolaren Anordnung ist ebenfalls gefährlich, was auf die Gewebeerwärmung zurückzuführen ist, die an der Rückführungsplatte auftritt, was schwere Hautverbrennungen verursachen kann. Es besteht ferner das Risiko einer kapazitiven Kopplung zwischen der Vorrichtung und dem Patientengewebe am Eintrittspunkt in die Körperhöhle.The Electrosurgery is usually performed by Use either a monopolar device or a bipolar device Device performed. In monopolar electrosurgery in the operating area is a active electrode is used and a conductive return plate is attached to the skin attached to the patient. In this arrangement, current flows from the active electrode through the patient's tissue to the outer return plate. Since the patient represents a significant part of the circuit, have to the current input values to compensate for the resistance current limit patient tissue and in the case of underwater electrosurgery of power losses due to the fluid caused by the presence of blood or other body fluids is made partially conductive, high (typically 150 to 250 Watt). Using a high current in a monopolar Arrangement is also dangerous what about the tissue warming is due the at the return plate occurs, which can cause severe skin burns. It also exists the risk of capacitive coupling between the device and the patient tissue at the entry point into the body cavity.

Bei der bipolaren Elektrochirurgie wird ein Elektrodenpaar (eine aktive Elektrode und eine Rückführungselektrode) zusammen an der Gewebeanwendungsstelle verwendet. Diese Anordnung weist aufgrund der relativen Nähe der beiden Elektroden, so daß Hochfrequenzströme auf den Bereich zwischen den Elektroden begrenzt sind, unter dem Sicherheits standpunkt Vorteile auf. Die Wirkungstiefe ist jedoch direkt vom Abstand zwischen den beiden Elektroden abhängig und bei Anwendungen, die sehr kleine Elektroden erfordern, wird der Abstand zwischen den Elektroden sehr klein, wodurch die Gewebewirkung und der Ausgangsstrom begrenzt werden. Ein weiteres Auseinanderrücken der Elektroden verdeckt oft die Sicht auf die Anwendungsstelle und erfordert eine Abänderung der chirurgischen Technik, um den direkten Kontakt beider Elektroden mit dem Gewebe sicherzustellen.at Bipolar electrosurgery involves a pair of electrodes (an active pair) Electrode and a return electrode) used together at the tissue application site. This arrangement has due to the relative proximity the two electrodes, so that high frequency currents on the Area between the electrodes are limited, under the safety point of view Advantages. However, the depth of effect is directly from the distance between dependent on the two electrodes and in applications that require very small electrodes the distance between the electrodes is very small, reducing the tissue effect and the output current can be limited. Another divergence of the Electrodes often obscure the view of the application site and requires a change the surgical technique to direct contact of both electrodes to ensure with the tissue.

Es gibt eine Anzahl Änderungen an der Grundausführung der bipolaren Sonde. Die US-A-4 706 667 beschreibt zum Beispiel eine der Grundausführungen, nämlich daß das Verhältnis der Kontaktflächen der Rückführungselektrode und der aktiven Elektrode zu Schneidzwecken größer als 7:1 und kleiner als 20:1 ist. Dieser Bereich bezieht sich nur auf Schneidelektrodenanordnungen. Wenn eine bipolare Vorrichtung zur Desikkation oder Koagulation verwendet wird, kann das Verhältnis der Kontaktflächen der beiden Elektroden auf ungefähr 1:1 verringert werden, um an der Berührung zwischen dem Gewebe und der Elektrode auftretende unterschiedliche elektrische Belastungen zu vermeiden.There are a number of changes to the basic design of the bipolar probe. For example, US-A-4,706,667 describes one of the basic designs, namely that the ratio of the contact surfaces of the return electrode and the active electrode for cutting purposes is greater than 7: 1 and less than 20: 1. This area only applies to cutting electrode arrangements. When a bipolar device is used for desiccation or coagulation, the ratio of the contact areas of the two electrodes can be reduced to about 1: 1 to avoid different electrical loads occurring at the contact between the tissue and the electrode.

Die Vorrichtung der US-A-4 706 667 weist eine koaxiale Elektrodenanordnung mit einer in einem Isoliermantel untergebrachten aktiven Elektrode auf, wobei die beiden innerhalb einer röhrenförmigen Rückführungselektrode axial verschiebbar sind und der Mantel als radiale räumliche Trennung der Rückführungselektrode von der aktiven Elektrode wirkt. Die aktive Elektrode weist einen nadelartigen, freigelegten Behandlungsabschnitt auf, der über den Isoliermantel hinaus und in Operationsstellung über die Rückführungselektrode hinausragt, so daß bei Gebrauch Strom direkt von einer Elektrode zu der anderen durch das zu schneidende Gewebe fließt. Sowohl der freigelegte Behandlungsabschnitt der aktiven Elektrode als auch das Ende der röhrenförmigen Rückführungselektrode berühren das Gewebe.The Apparatus of US-A-4 706 667 has a coaxial electrode arrangement with an active electrode housed in an insulating jacket, the two being axially displaceable within a tubular return electrode and the jacket as a radial spatial separation of the return electrode from the active electrode acts. The active electrode has a Needle-like, exposed treatment section on the Insulating jacket out and in the operating position protrudes beyond the return electrode, so that at Use electricity directly from one electrode to the other through the tissue to be cut flows. Both the exposed treatment section of the active electrode as well as the end of the tubular return electrode touch the tissue.

Die elektrische Verbindung zwischen der Rückführungselektrode und dem Gewebe kann durch Anfeuchten des Gewebes durch eine leitfähige Lösung wie etwa normale Kochsalzlösung unterstützt werden. Dies stellt sicher, daß die chirurgische Wirkung auf die Nadel oder aktive Elektrode begrenzt ist, wobei der elektrische Stromkreis zwischen den beiden Elektroden durch das Gewebe vervollständigt wird. Eine offensichtli che Einschränkung der Konstruktion ist, daß die Nadel vollständig im Gewebe verborgen sein muß, damit die Rückführungselektrode den Stromkreis vervollständigen kann. Ein weiteres Problem ist eines der Ausrichtung: selbst eine verhältnismäßig kleine Änderung des Anwendungswinkels vom idealen senkrechten Kontakt bezüglich der Gewebeoberfläche ändert das Verhältnis der Kontaktflächen, so daß bei der Berührung mit der Rückführungselektrode eine chirurgische Wirkung im Gewebe auftreten kann.The electrical connection between the return electrode and the tissue can be done by moistening the tissue with a conductive solution like about normal saline get supported. This ensures that the limited surgical effect on the needle or active electrode is where the electrical circuit between the two electrodes completed by the tissue. An obvious limitation the construction is that the Needle complete must be hidden in the tissue, so that the return electrode complete the circuit can. Another problem is one of alignment: even a relatively small change the application angle of the ideal vertical contact with respect to Tissue surface changes that relationship the contact surfaces, so that at the touch with the return electrode a surgical effect can occur in the tissue.

Eine weitere bipolare Vorrichtung wird in der WO-A-93/19681 offenbart. In diesem Fall umfassen die aktive und die Rückführungselektrode nebeneinander befindliche, parallele Stäbe mit entsprechenden freigelegten distalen Endabschnitten, die sich in gleicher Richtung erstrecken, so daß beide das zu schneidende Gewebe gleichzeitig berühren.A another bipolar device is disclosed in WO-A-93/19681. In this case, the active and return electrodes comprise side by side located, parallel bars with corresponding exposed distal end portions extending extend in the same direction, so that both the to be cut Touch tissue at the same time.

Die WO-A-94-26228 offenbart ein elektrochirurgisches Instrument, welches ein chirurgisches Schneidverfahren betrifft.The WO-A-94-26228 discloses an electrosurgical instrument which relates to a surgical cutting process.

Eine Dehnung der Höhle liefert den Raum, um Zugang zur Operationsstelle zu gewinnen, die Sicht zu verbessern und die Handhabung von Vorrichtungen zu erlauben. In Körperhöhlen mit niedrigem Volumen, insbesondere wo es erwünscht ist, die Höhlung unter höherem Druck auszudehnen, wird aufgrund der besseren optischen Eigenschaften und weil sie Blut von der Operationsstelle abwäscht, gebräuchlicher Flüssigkeit statt Gas verwendet.A Stretching the cave provides the space to gain access to the surgical site, the view to improve and allow the handling of devices. In body cavities with low volume, especially where it is desired, the cavity below higher Expanding pressure is due to the better optical properties and because it washes blood from the surgical site, a common fluid used instead of gas.

Die herkömmliche Unterwasser-Elektrochirurgie ist mittels einer nichtleitenden Flüssigkeit (wie etwa 1,5% Glycin) als Spülmittel oder als Dehnmedium zum Ausschalten eines elektrischen Leitungsverlustes ausgeführt worden. Glycin wird in isotonen Konzentrationen verwendet, um im Blut osmotische Änderungen zu verhindern, wenn eine intravaskuläre Absorption auftritt. Im Verlauf einer Operation können Venen mit einer daraus folgenden Infusion der Flüssigkeit in den Kreislauf abgetrennt werden, was unter anderem eine Verdünnung des Natriums im Serum bewirken könnte, was zu einem als Wasserintoxikation bekannten Zustand führen kann.The conventional Underwater electrosurgery is by means of a non-conductive fluid (such as 1.5% glycine) as a rinse or as an expansion medium for switching off an electrical line loss accomplished Service. Glycine is used in isotonic concentrations to form in the Blood osmotic changes to prevent when intravascular absorption occurs. in the Course of surgery can veins separated with a consequent infusion of the liquid into the circulation which, inter alia, causes a dilution of sodium in the serum could, which may lead to a condition known as water intoxication.

Die Anmelder haben gefunden, daß es möglich ist, ein leitfähiges, flüssiges Medium wie etwa normale Kochsalzlösung bei der endoskopischen Unterwasser-Elektrochirurgie anstelle nichtleitender, elektrolytfreier Lösungen zu verwenden. Normale Kochsalzlösung ist das bevorzugte Dehnungsmedium bei der endoskopischen Unterwasser-Chirurgie, wenn keine Elektrochirurgie beabsichtigt wird oder eine nicht-elektrische Gewebewirkung wie etwa eine Laserbehandlung verwendet wird. Obschon normale Kochsalzlösung (0,9% Gew./Vol.; 150 mMol/l) eine etwas größere elektrische Leitfähigkeit als die des meisten Körpergewebes aufweist, hat sie den Vorteil, daß eine Verdrängung von der Operationsstelle durch Absorption oder Extravasion eine geringe physiologische Wirkung erzeugt und die sogenannten Wasserintoxikationswirkungen nicht-leitender, elektrolytfreier Lösungen vermieden werden.The Applicants have found that it possible is, a conductive, liquid medium like normal saline in endoscopic underwater electrosurgery instead of non-conductive, electrolyte-free solutions to use. Normal saline is the preferred stretch medium in endoscopic underwater surgery when No electrosurgery is intended or a non-electrical tissue effect how a laser treatment is used. Although normal saline (0.9%) Gew./Vol .; 150 mmol / l) a slightly greater electrical conductivity as that of most body tissue has the advantage that a displacement of The surgical site by absorption or extravasion a small produced physiological effect and the so-called Wasserintoxikationswirkungen non-conductive, electrolyte-free solutions can be avoided.

Die Anmelder haben eine für die Unterwasser-Elektrochirurgie unter Verwenden eines leitfähigen, flüssigen Mediums geeignete bipolare Vorrichtung entwickelt. Ein erster Aspekt der Erfindung ist wie in dem diese Beschreibung begleitenden Anspruch 1 definiert. Ein zweiter Aspekt der Erfindung ist wie in Anspruch 12 definiert, der sich auf ein elekrochirurgisches System bezieht, das eine Vorrichtung und einen Generator einschließt. Einige der bevorzugten Merkmale der unterschiedlichen Aspekte der Erfindung werden in den abhängigen Ansprüchen dargelegt.The Applicants have a for underwater electrosurgery using a conductive, liquid medium suitable bipolar device developed. A first aspect of Invention is as in the accompanying this specification claim 1 defined. A second aspect of the invention is as claimed 12, which relates to an electrosurgical system, which includes a device and a generator. Some the preferred features of the different aspects of the invention become dependent claims explained.

Die Elektrodenstruktur dieser Vorrichtung vermeidet in Kombination mit einem elektrisch leitfähigen Fluid großteils die bei der monopolaren oder bipolaren Elektrochirurgie erfahrenen Probleme. Insbesondere sind die Eingangsstromwerte viel geringer als die, die im allgemeinen bei einer monopolaren Anordnung notwendig sind (typischerweise 100 Watt). Wegen des verhältnismäßig großen Abstands zwischen ihren Elektroden wird weiterhin verglichen mit herkömmlichen bipolaren Anordnungen eine verbesserte Wirkungstiefe erhalten.The Electrode structure of this device avoids in combination with an electrically conductive Fluid mostly experienced in monopolar or bipolar electrosurgery Problems. In particular, the input current values are much lower than those that are generally necessary in a monopolar arrangement are (typically 100 watts). Because of the relatively large gap between theirs Electrodes are further compared to conventional bipolar arrangements obtained an improved depth of effect.

Die Erfindung wird nun durch Beispiele unter Bezug auf die Zeichnungen beschrieben, worin:The Invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the drawings in which:

1 ein Diagramm ist, das ein erfindungsgemäßes elektrochirurgisches System zeigt; 1 is a diagram showing an electrosurgical system according to the invention;

2 eine Seitenansicht eines Teils eines elektrochirurgischen Instrumentes ist, das einen Teil des Systems von 1 bildet; 2 is a side view of a portion of an electrosurgical instrument, which is part of the system of 1 forms;

3 ein Querschnitt eines alternativen erfindungsgemäßen elektrochirurgischen Instruments ist, wobei die Vorrichtung entlang einer Längsachse angeschnitten ist; 3 Figure 3 is a cross-section of an alternative electrosurgical instrument according to the invention, the device being cut along a longitudinal axis;

4 eine graphische Darstellung ist, die die Hysterese der elektrischen Lastimpedanz und des in Wärme abgeführten Hochfrequenzstroms veranschaulicht, die zwischen der Verwendung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im Desikkations- und Verdampfungsmodus auftritt; 4 Fig. 12 is a graph illustrating the hysteresis of the electrical load impedance and the high frequency current dissipated in heat occurring between the use of a device according to the invention in the desiccation and evaporation modes;

5 ein Blockdiagramm des Generators des in 1 dargestellten elektrochirurgischen Systems ist; 5 a block diagram of the generator of in 1 illustrated electrosurgical system;

6 eine diagrammartige Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung von 3 ist, die die Verwendung der Vorrichtung zur Gewebeentfernung durch Verdampfung zeigt; 6 a diagrammatic side view of the device of 3 which shows the use of the tissue removal apparatus by evaporation;

7 eine diagrammartige Seitenansicht einer zu der in 6 dargestellten ähnlichen Vorrichtung ist, die die Verwendung der Vorrichtung zur Gewebedesikkation oder -koagulation zeigt und 7 a diagrammatic side view of the in 6 similar apparatus shown, which shows the use of the device for tissue desiccation or coagulation and

8, 9 und 10 Seitenansichten weiterer erfindungsgemäßer elektrochirurgischer Instrumente sind, die unterschiedliche Elektroden- und Isolatoranordnungen zeigen. 8th . 9 and 10 Side views of further inventive electrosurgical instruments are showing different electrode and insulator arrangements.

Unter Bezug auf die Zeichnungen zeigt 1 eine elektrochirurgische Apparatur, die einen elektrochirurgischen Generator 10 mit einem Ausgangssockel 10S, der einen Hochfrequenzausgang (HF) für eine bipolare Vorrichtung bereitstellt, in Form eines Handstücks 12 und eine abnehmbare Elektrodeneinheit 28 über ein Verbindungskabel 14 einschließt. Die Aktivierung des Generators 10 kann vom Handteil 12 über einen Kontrollanschluß im Kabel 14 oder mittels einer dargestellten Fußschaltereinheit 16, die durch ein Fußschalterverbindungskabel 18 mit der Rückseite des Generators 10 getrennt verbunden ist, ausgeführt werden. In der veranschaulichten Ausführungsform weist die Fußschaltereinheit 16 zwei Fußschalter 16A und 16B zum Wählen eines Desikkationsmodus beziehungsweise eines Verdampfungsmodus des Genera tors 10 auf. Die Frontplatte des Generators weist Druckknöpfe 20 und 22 zum entsprechenden Einstellen der Desikkations- und Verdampfungsstromwerte auf, die auf einer Anzeige 24 angezeigt werden. Druckknöpfe 26 sind als alternatives Mittel zum Wählen zwischen dem Desikkations- und Verdampfungsmodus vorgesehen.Referring to the drawings 1 an electrosurgical apparatus containing an electrosurgical generator 10 with a base socket 10S , which provides a high frequency output (RF) for a bipolar device, in the form of a handpiece 12 and a detachable electrode unit 28 via a connection cable 14 includes. The activation of the generator 10 can from the hand part 12 via a control connection in the cable 14 or by means of an illustrated footswitch unit 16 passing through a footswitch connection cable 18 with the back of the generator 10 is connected separately. In the illustrated embodiment, the footswitch unit 16 two footswitches 16A and 16B for selecting a Desikkationsmodus or an evaporation mode of the Genera sector 10 on. The front panel of the generator has push buttons 20 and 22 for correspondingly setting the desiccation and evaporation current values displayed on a display 24 are displayed. pushbuttons 26 are provided as an alternative means for choosing between the desiccation and evaporation modes.

Die Vorrichtung muß kein Handstück einschließen, kann aber einfach einen Anschluß zum Befestigen an einer anderen Vorrichtung wie etwa einem Resektoskop aufweisen. In 1 weist die Vorrichtung eine Elektrodeneinheit 28 auf, die an dem Handstück 12 befestigt dargestellt ist.The device need not include a handpiece, but may simply have a terminal for attachment to another device, such as a resectoscope. In 1 the device has an electrode unit 28 on that on the handpiece 12 is shown attached.

Die Elektrodeneinheit 28 kann eine Anzahl unterschiedlicher Formen annehmen, von denen einige nachstehend beschrieben werden.The electrode unit 28 may take a number of different forms, some of which will be described below.

In einer in 2 dargestellten Grundanordnung umfaßt eine Elektrodeneinheit zum abnehmbaren Befestigen an einem Handteil der Vorrichtung einen Schaft 30, der eine mit einem Isoliermantel 305 abgedeckte, leitfähige Röhre mit einer Elektrodenanordnung 32 an einem distalen Ende des Schaftes 30 sein kann. Am anderen Ende des Schaftes (nicht dargestellt) sind Mittel zum sowohl mechanischen als auch elektrischen Anschließen der Einheit an ein Handstück vorgesehen.In an in 2 The illustrated basic assembly includes an electrode unit for detachably attaching to a handle portion of the device a shaft 30 , one with an insulating jacket 305 covered, conductive tube with an electrode assembly 32 at a distal end of the shaft 30 can be. At the other end of the shank (not shown) are provided means for both mechanical and electrical connection of the unit to a handpiece.

Die Elektrodenanordnung 32 umfaßt eine zentrale aktive Elektrode 34, die am äußersten distalen Ende der Einheit unter Bilden eines freigelegten Gewebebehandlungsabschnitts freigelegt ist. Vorzugsweise ist die aktive Elektrode 34 ein Metalldraht, der sich als zentraler Leiter durch den ganzen Schaft 30 zu einem Kontakt am proximalen Ende (in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt) erstreckt. Ein Isoliermantel 36, dessen distales Ende vom freigelegten Gewebebehandlungsabschnitt der Elektrode 34 proximal freigelegt ist, umgibt die Elektrode 34 und den inneren Leiter. Typischerweise ist dieser Mantel aus einem Keramikmaterial gefertigt, um einer Beschädigung durch Überschlagen zu widerstehen. Die Rückführungselektrode 38 umgibt den Mantel 36 in Form einer metallischen Röhre, die elektrisch (und optisch wie auch mechanisch) eins mit dem metallischen, röhrenförmigen Körper des Schaftes 30 ist. Diese Rückführungselektrode endet an einem Punkt kurz vor dem Ende des Mantels 36, so daß sie von dem freigelegten Gewebebehandlungsabschnitt der aktiven Elektrode 34 zurückgesetzt ist und von letzterer sowohl radial als auch axial räumlich entfernt ist. Es ist zu erkennen, daß hauptsächlich aufgrund des viel höheren Durchmessers der Rückführungselektrode im Vergleich zu dem der aktiven Elektrode die Rückführungselektrode eine freigelegte Fluidkontaktoberfläche bereitstellt, die eine sehr viel größere Oberfläche als die des Behandlungsabschnitts der freigelegten, aktiven Elektrode aufweist. Der Isolierschaft 30S endet an einer proximal vom distalen Ende der Rückführungselektrode 38 entfernten Stelle unter Liefern der für die Fluidkontaktoberfläche der Rückführungselektrode erforderlichen Oberfläche. Am distalen Ende der Elektrodeneinheit ist der Durchmesser des Rückführungsleiters typischerweise im Bereich von 1 mm bis 5 mm. Die Längsausdehnung des freigelegten Teils der Fluidkontaktoberfläche der Rückführungselektrode 38 ist typischerweise zwischen 1 mm und 5 mm, wobei der Längsabstand von der Rückführungselektrode 38 zu dem freigelegten Behandlungsabschnitt der aktiven Elektrode zwischen 1 mm und 5 mm ist. Weitere Aspekte der Konfiguration und der Abmessungen der Elektrodenanordnungen werden nachstehend genauer ausgeführt.The electrode arrangement 32 comprises a central active electrode 34 which is exposed at the outermost distal end of the unit to form an exposed tissue treatment section. Preferably, the active electrode is 34 a metal wire, which acts as a central conductor through the whole shaft 30 to a contact at the proximal end (not shown in the drawing) extends. An insulating jacket 36 , its distal end from the exposed tissue treatment portion of the electrode 34 exposed proximally surrounds the electrode 34 and the inner conductor. Typically, this sheath is made of a ceramic material to resist overturning damage. The return electrode 38 surrounds the coat 36 in the form of a metallic tube electrically (and optically as well as mechanically) one with the metallic tubular body of the shaft 30 is. This return electrode terminates at a point just before the end of the jacket 36 so as to be separated from the exposed tissue treatment section of the active electrode 34 is reset and is removed from the latter both radially and axially spatially. It will be appreciated that due primarily to the much larger diameter of the return electrode compared to that of the active electrode, the return electrode provides an exposed fluid contact surface having a much larger surface area than that of the exposed active electrode treatment portion. The insulation shaft 30S terminates at a proximal of the distal end of the return electrode 38 remote place under delivery the surface required for the fluid contact surface of the return electrode. At the distal end of the electrode unit, the diameter of the return conductor is typically in the range of 1 mm to 5 mm. The longitudinal extent of the exposed portion of the fluid contact surface of the return electrode 38 is typically between 1 mm and 5 mm, with the longitudinal distance from the return electrode 38 to the exposed treatment portion of the active electrode is between 1 mm and 5 mm. Other aspects of the configuration and dimensions of the electrode assemblies are detailed below.

Tatsächlich ist die in 2 dargestellte Elektrodenstruktur bipolar, wobei sich nur eine der Elektroden (34) tatsächlich zum distalen Ende der Einheit erstreckt. Dies bedeutet, daß wenn die Elektrodenanordnung bei normalem Gebrauch in ein leitendes Fluid eingetaucht ist, die Rückführungselektrode 38 von dem behandelten Gewebe räumlich entfernt ist und ein Stromweg durch das Gewebe und das leitende Fluid, das mit der Rückführungselektrode in Berührung steht, zwischen den beiden Elektroden besteht.Actually, the in 2 shown bipolar electrode structure, wherein only one of the electrodes ( 34 ) actually extends to the distal end of the unit. This means that when the electrode assembly is immersed in a conductive fluid during normal use, the return electrode 38 is spatially remote from the treated tissue and a current path through the tissue and the conductive fluid in contact with the return electrode exists between the two electrodes.

Die axiale Entfernung der Elektroden gestattet eine als Durchmesser ausgedrückte sehr feine Elektrodenstruktur, da der Isolationsweg beträchtlich länger als eine bipolare Elektrode mit bloß einer radialen Entfernung zwischen freigelegten Elektrodenoberflächen ist. Dies gestattet das Verwenden höherer Ströme als bei herkömmlichen Elektrodenstrukturen ohne das Hervorrufen unerwünschter Überschläge oder im Falle einer elektrochirurgischen Schneide- oder Verdampfungsbehandlung ohne das Hervorrufen einer Beschädigung der Elektrodeneinheit aufgrund übermäßiger Überschläge bei hohen Temperaturen.The axial removal of the electrodes allows one as a diameter expressed very fine electrode structure, since the isolation path considerably longer than a bipolar electrode with only one radial distance between exposed electrode surfaces. This allows using higher currents than at usual Electrode structures without causing unwanted flashovers or in the case of electrosurgical Cutting or evaporating treatment without inducing a damage the electrode unit due to excessive flashovers at high Temperatures.

Die dargestellte besondere versetzte Anordnung liefert dem Chirurgen eine Ansicht der Elektrodenspitze für den Gewebekontakt und gestattet einen großen Bereich angewandter Winkel bezüglich der Gewebeoberfläche, was bei dem für die endoskopische Chirurgie eingeschränkten Raum besonders wichtig ist.The illustrated special staggered arrangement provides the surgeon a view of the electrode tip for the tissue contact and allows one huge Range of applied angles with respect to Fabric surface, what with the for The endoscopic limited space surgery is especially important is.

Unter Bezug auf 3 umfaßt eine alternative Elektrodeneinheit zum abnehmbaren Befestigen an dem in 1 dargestellten Handstück 12 des elektrochirurgischen Instruments einen Schaft 30, der aus einem aus Edelstahl oder mit Kupfer oder Gold elektroplattiertem Phynox mit einer Elektrodenanordnung 32 an einem distalen Ende davon gefertigten halbflexiblen Rohr besteht. Am anderen Ende (nicht dargestellt) des Schaftes 30 sind Mittel zum sowohl mechanischen als auch elektrischen Anschließen der Elektrodeneinheit an das Handstück vorgesehen.With reference to 3 comprises an alternative electrode unit for detachably attaching to the in 1 illustrated handpiece 12 of the electrosurgical instrument a shaft 30 made of a stainless steel or copper or gold electroplated Phynox with an electrode assembly 32 made at a distal end thereof made semi-flexible tube. At the other end (not shown) of the shaft 30 means for both mechanical and electrical connection of the electrode unit to the handpiece are provided.

Die Elektrodenanordnung 32 schließt eine zentrale, aktive oder Gewebekontaktelektrode 34 ein, die aus Platin, Platin/Iridium oder Platin/Wolfram gefertigt ist und aus einer im allgemeinen halbkugeligen, freigelegten Spitze 34A und einem integralen zentralen Leiter 34B besteht. Der Leiter 34B ist durch Befestigen einer dünnen Edelstahlfeder 34D über den benachbarten Endabschnitten der Leiter 34B und 34C elektrisch an einen zentralen Kupferleiter 34C angeschlossen, wodurch eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Handstück der Vorrichtung und der freigelegten Spitze 34A bereitgestellt wird. Ein keramischer Isoliermantel 36 umgibt den Leiter 34B, die Feder 34D und den benachbarten Endabschnitt des Kupferleiters 34C. Der Mantel 36 weist einen freigelegten Abschnitt 36A auf, der den distalen Endabschnitt des Leiters 34B umgibt. Eine Rückführungselektrode 38, die einen distalen Endabschnitt des Schafts 30 bildet, der eine zylindrische Fluidkontaktoberfläche liefert, umgibt den Mantel 36 eng und erstreckt sich über den Kupferleiter 34C, der von Letzerem durch einen Isoliermantel 40 räumlich getrennt ist. Ein äußerer wärmeschrumpfbarer oder Polyimidüberzug 30S umgibt den Schaft 30 und den proximalen Abschnitt der Rückführungselektrode 38.The electrode arrangement 32 closes a central, active or tissue contact electrode 34 made of platinum, platinum / iridium or platinum / tungsten and of a generally hemispherical, exposed tip 34A and an integral central ladder 34B consists. The leader 34B is by attaching a thin stainless steel spring 34D over the adjacent end portions of the ladder 34B and 34C electrically to a central copper conductor 34C connected, whereby an electrical connection between the handpiece of the device and the exposed tip 34A provided. A ceramic insulating jacket 36 surrounds the conductor 34B , the feather 34D and the adjacent end portion of the copper conductor 34C , The coat 36 has an exposed section 36A on top of the distal end portion of the conductor 34B surrounds. A return electrode 38 that form a distal end portion of the shaft 30 forming a cylindrical fluid contact surface surrounds the shell 36 tight and extends over the copper conductor 34C the latter by an insulating jacket 40 is spatially separated. An outer heat-shrinkable or polyimide cover 30S surrounds the shaft 30 and the proximal portion of the return electrode 38 ,

Wenn die Elektrodeneinheit von 3 in Kombination mit einem wie in 1 dargestellten elektrochirurgischen Generator verwendet wird, kann sie in einem leitenden Fluid zur Gewebeentfernung durch Verdampfung, zum Formen und Profilieren von Menisken während eines arthroskopischen Eingriffs oder zur Desikkation in Abhängigkeit von der Weise, in der der Generator gesteuert wird, verwendet werden.When the electrode unit of 3 in combination with a like in 1 The electrosurgical generator used may be used in a conductive fluid for tissue removal by evaporation, for molding and profiling of menisci during an arthroscopic procedure, or for desiccation, depending on the manner in which the generator is controlled.

4 veranschaulicht, wie der Generator gesteuert werden kann, um aus der Hysterese Vorteil zu ziehen, die zwischen dem Desikkations- und dem Verdampfungsmodus der Elektrodeneinheit besteht. So besteht unter der Annahme, daß die Elektrodenanordnung 32 der Einheit in ein leitendes Medium wie etwa Kochsalzlösung eingetaucht ist, an Punkt „0" eine Anfangslastimpedanz „r", deren Größenordnung durch die Geometrie der Elektrodenanordnung und die elektrische Leitfähigkeit des Fluids definiert wird. Der Wert von „r" ändert sich, wenn die aktive Elektrode 34 Gewebe berührt, je höher der Wert von „r" ist, desto größer ist die Neigung der Elektrodenanordnung 32 zum Eintritt in den Verdampfungsmodus. Wenn an die Elektrodenanordnung 32 ein HF-Strom angelegt wird, erhitzt sich das Fluid. Unter der Annahme, daß das Fluid normale Kochsalzlösung (0,9% Gew./Vol.) ist, ist der Temperaturkoeffizient der Leitfähigkeit des Fluids positiv, so daß der entsprechende Impedanzkoeffizient negativ ist. Wenn Strom angelegt wird, fällt somit die Impedanz anfangs ab und fällt weiter mit zunehmender Verlustleistung auf Punkt „B", an welchem Punkt die Kochsalzlösung in engem Kontakt mit der Elektrodenanordnung 32 ihren Siedepunkt erreicht. Auf der Oberfläche der aktiven Spitze 34A bilden sich kleine Dampfblasen und die Impedanz beginnt dann anzusteigen. Wenn sich der Leistungsverlust weiter erhöht, ist nach Punkt „B" der positive Leistungskoeffizient der Impedanz vorherrschend, so daß ein zunehmender Strom jetzt eine zunehmende Impedanz hervorruft. 4 illustrates how the generator can be controlled to take advantage of the hysteresis that exists between the desiccation and evaporation modes of the electrode assembly. Thus, it is assumed that the electrode assembly 32 the unit is immersed in a conductive medium such as saline, at point "0" an initial load impedance "r" whose magnitude is defined by the geometry of the electrode assembly and the electrical conductivity of the fluid. The value of "r" changes when the active electrode 34 Tissue touches, the higher the value of "r", the greater the inclination of the electrode assembly 32 to enter the evaporation mode. When to the electrode assembly 32 an HF current is applied, the fluid heats up. Assuming that the fluid is normal saline (0.9% w / v), the temperature coefficient of conductivity of the fluid is positive so that the corresponding impedance coefficient is negative. Thus, when current is applied, the impedance initially drops and, with increasing power dissipation, continues to drop to point "B", at which point the saline solution in close contact with the electrode assembly 32 reached its boiling point. On the surface of the active tip 34A small vapor bubbles form and the impedance starts to increase. When the power loss further increases, after point "B", the positive power coefficient of the impedance is dominant, so that an increasing current now causes an increasing impedance.

Wenn sich aus den Dampfblasen eine Dampftasche bildet, liegt an der restlichen Elektrode/Kochsalzlösung-Zwischenfläche eine Erhöhung der Stromdichte vor. Es gibt jedoch eine freigelegte Fläche der aktiven Elektrodenspitze 34A, die nicht von Dampfblasen bedeckt ist, und dies belastet die Zwischenfläche weiter, wodurch weitere Dampfblasen und auf diese Weise eine noch höhere Stromdichte erzeugt werden. Dies ist ein Durchgangszustand, bei dem ein Gleichgewichtspunkt nur dann auftritt, sobald die Elektrode vollständig in Dampf eingehüllt ist. Für einen gegebenen Satz Variable besteht eine Leistungsschwelle, bevor dieses neue Gleichgewicht erreicht werden kann (Punkt „C").When a vapor pocket forms from the vapor bubbles, there is an increase in current density at the remainder of the electrode / saline interface. However, there is an exposed area of the active electrode tip 34A , which is not covered by vapor bubbles, and this further burdens the interface, creating more vapor bubbles and thus even higher current density. This is a passage state in which an equilibrium point occurs only when the electrode is completely enveloped in vapor. For a given set of variables there is a performance threshold before this new equilibrium can be reached (point "C").

Der Bereich der Kurve zwischen den Punkten „B" und „C" stellt daher die Obergrenze des Desikkationsmodus dar. Im Verdampfungsgleichgewichtszustand nimmt die Impedanz rasch auf etwa 1000 Ohm zu, wobei der Absolutwert von den Systemvariablen abhängt. Die Dampf tasche wird dann durch Entladungen über die Dampftasche zwischen der aktiven Elektrodenspitze 34A und der Dampf/Kochsalzlösung-Zwischenfläche aufrecht erhalten. Der Großteil der Umwandlung von Strom in Wärme erfolgt innerhalb dieser Tasche bei einem daraus folgenden Erhitzen der Spitze 34A. Das Ausmaß der Energieableitung und die Größe der Tasche hängen von der Ausgangsspannung ab. Falls diese zu niedrig ist, wird die Tasche nicht aufrecht erhalten, und falls sie zu hoch ist, wird die Elektrodenanordnung 32 zerstört. Somit muß zum Verhindern der Zerstörung der Elektrodenanordnung 32 der Ausgangsstrom des Generators verringert werden, sobald die Impedanz den Punkt „D" erreicht hat. Es ist anzumerken, daß falls der Strom an diesem Punkt nicht verringert wird, die Strom/Impedanz-Kurve weiter ansteigt und eine Elektrodenzerstörung erfolgt. Die gepunktete Linie E zeigt die Höhe des Stroms an, über der eine Elektrodenzerstörung unvermeidbar ist. Wenn der Strom verringert wird, fällt die Impedanz ab, bis bei Punkt „A" die Dampftasche zusammenfällt und die Elektrodenanordnung 32 zum Desikkationsmodus zurückkehrt. An diesem Punkt ist die Abführung von Strom in Wärme innerhalb der Dampftasche unzureichend, um sie aufrecht zu erhalten, so daß ein direkter Kontakt zwischen der aktiven Elektrodenspitze 34A und der Kochsalzlösung wieder hergestellt wird und die Impedanz dramatisch abfällt. Die Stromdichte an der Spitze 34A fällt ebenfalls ab, so daß die Temperatur der Kochsalzlösung unter den Siedepunkt abfällt. Die Elektrodenanordnung 32 befindet sich dann in einem stabilen Desikkationsmodus.The range of the curve between points "B" and "C" therefore represents the upper limit of the desiccation mode. In the vapor equilibrium state, the impedance rapidly increases to about 1000 ohms, the absolute value depending on the system variables. The vapor pocket is then discharged through the vapor pocket between the active electrode tip 34A and the vapor / saline interface. Most of the power to heat conversion occurs within this pocket with consequent heating of the tip 34A , The amount of energy dissipation and the size of the bag depend on the output voltage. If this is too low, the bag will not be maintained and if it is too high, the electrode assembly will become 32 destroyed. Thus, to prevent the destruction of the electrode assembly 32 The output current of the generator should be reduced as soon as the impedance reaches point "D." It should be noted that if the current is not reduced at this point, the current / impedance curve continues to rise and electrode destruction occurs indicates the magnitude of the current above which electrode destruction is unavoidable When the current is reduced, the impedance drops until at point "A" the vapor pocket collapses and the electrode assembly 32 returns to the desiccation mode. At this point, the dissipation of current to heat within the vapor pocket is insufficient to maintain it, so that there is direct contact between the active electrode tip 34A and the saline solution is restored and the impedance drops dramatically. The current density at the top 34A also drops, so that the temperature of the saline drops below the boiling point. The electrode arrangement 32 is then in a stable desiccation mode.

Das Steuern des Generatorstroms zum Erzielen der gewünschten Desikkation, des Gewebeschneidens und der Verdampfungsfunktionen wird durch Erfassen der zwischen den Ausgangsverbindungen des Generators auftretenden HF-Spitzenspannung und durch rasches Verringern des gelieferten Ausgangsstromes, immer wenn eine vorgewählte Spitzenspannungsschwelle erreicht wird, durchgeführt. In einem Desikkationsmodus ist wenigstens diese Stromverringerung bedeutend größer als die, die nur dazu benötigt wird, die Ausgangsspitzenspannung unter diese Schwelle zu bringen. Vorzugsweise ist die Stromverringerung wenigstens 50%, um aus der vorstehend unter Bezug auf 4 beschriebenen Hystereseeigenschaft Vorteil zu ziehen.Controlling the generator current to achieve the desired desiccation, tissue cutting and vaporization functions is accomplished by detecting the RF peak voltage appearing between the output connections of the generator and rapidly reducing the delivered output current whenever a preselected peak voltage threshold is reached. In a desiccation mode, at least this current reduction is significantly greater than that needed only to bring the output peak voltage below that threshold. Preferably, the current reduction is at least 50%, for the purpose of making reference to FIG 4 described Hystereseeigenschaft advantage.

Unter Bezug auf 5 umfaßt der Generator einen Hochfrequenzstromoszillator (HF) 60 mit einem Paar Ausgangsverbindungen 60C zum Koppeln über die Ausgangsanschlüsse 62 an die Lastimpedanz 64, die bei Gebrauch durch die Elektrodenanordnung dargestellt wird. Dem Oszillator 60 wird durch ein Schaltnetzteil 66 Strom zugeführt.With reference to 5 the generator comprises a high-frequency current oscillator (HF) 60 with a pair of parent compounds 60C for coupling via the output terminals 62 to the load impedance 64 which is represented in use by the electrode assembly. The oscillator 60 is through a switching power supply 66 Supplied with electricity.

In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform arbeitet der HF-Oszillator 60 bei etwa 400 kHz, wobei jede Frequenz von 300 kHz bis hinauf zum HF-Bereich möglich ist. Das Schaltnetzteil arbeitet typischerweise bei einer Frequenz im Bereich von 25 bis 50 kHz. An die Ausgangsverbindungen 60C ist ein Spannungsschwellendetektor 68 gekoppelt, der einen ersten Ausgang 68A, der an das Schaltnetzteil 66 gekoppelt ist, und einen zweiten Ausgang 68B aufweist, der an eine Einschaltzeit-Steuerschaltung 70 gekoppelt ist. Ein an die Steuerung und die Anzeige (in 1 dargestellt) gekoppelter Mikroprozessorkontroller 72 ist an einen Steuereingang 66A des Netzteils 66, um den Generatorausgangsstrom durch Änderung der Netzspannung zu regulieren, und an einen Eingang 68C zur Schwelleneinstellung des Spannungsschwellendetektors 68 zum Einstellen der Grenzen der HF-Ausgangsspitzenspannung angeschlossen.In the preferred embodiment, the RF oscillator operates 60 at about 400 kHz, with any frequency from 300 kHz up to the RF range possible. The switching power supply typically operates at a frequency in the range of 25 to 50 kHz. To the output connections 60C is a voltage threshold detector 68 coupled to a first output 68A who connected to the switching power supply 66 coupled, and a second output 68B which is connected to an on-time control circuit 70 is coupled. On to the controller and the display (in 1 shown) coupled microprocessor controller 72 is to a control input 66A of the power supply 66 to regulate the generator output current by changing the mains voltage and to an input 68C for threshold adjustment of the voltage threshold detector 68 connected to set the limits of the RF output peak voltage.

Im Betrieb bewirkt der Mikroprozessorkontroller 72, daß an das Schaltnetzgerät 66 Strom angelegt wird, wenn von dem Chirurgen, der eine Aktivierungsschalteranordnung betätigt, die an einem Handstück oder Fußschalter (siehe 1) vorgesehen sein kann, elektrochirurgische Leistung gefordert wird. Eine konstante Ausgangsspannangsschwelle wird unabhängig von der Netzspannung über Eingang 68C gemäß den Steuereinstellungen auf der Frontplatte des Generators (siehe 1) eingestellt. Zur Desikkation oder Koagulation wird die Schwelle typischerweise auf einen Desikkationsschwellenwert zwischen 150 Volt und 200 Volt eingestellt. Wenn ein Schneid- oder Verdampfungsausgang gefordert wird, wird die Schwelle auf einen Wert im Bereich von 250 oder 300 Volt bis 600 Volt eingestellt. Diese Spannungswerte sind Spitzenwerte. Daß sie Spitzenwerte sind bedeutet, daß es für eine Desikkation bevorzugt ist, wenigstens eine Ausgangs-HF-Wellenform mit niedrigem Scheitelfaktor unter Ergeben eines maximalen Stroms zu haben, bevor die Spannung bei den gegebenen Werten gehalten wird. Typischerweise wird ein Scheitelfaktor von 1,5 oder weniger erzielt.In operation, the microprocessor controller causes 72 in that to the switching power supply 66 Current is applied when, by the surgeon operating an activation switch assembly attached to a handpiece or footswitch (see 1 ) may be provided, electrosurgical power is required. A constant output voltage threshold is independent of the mains voltage via input 68C according to the control settings on the front panel of the generator (see 1 ). For desiccation or coagulation, the threshold typically becomes a desiccation threshold set between 150 volts and 200 volts. When a cutting or evaporating output is required, the threshold is set to a value in the range of 250 or 300 volts to 600 volts. These voltage values are peak values. Being peak values means that for a desiccation it is preferable to have at least one low crest factor output RF waveform to give a maximum current before the voltage is maintained at the given values. Typically, a crest factor of 1.5 or less is achieved.

Wenn der Generator zuerst aktiviert wird, ist der Zustand des Steuer eingangs 60I des HF-Oszillators 60 (der an die Einschaltzeit-Steuerschaltung 70 angeschlossen ist) „ein", so daß die Stromschaltvorrichtung, die das Oszillatorelement des Oszillators 60 bildet, zu einem maximalen Leitungszeitraum während jedes Oszillationszyklus angeschaltet wird. Der an die Last 64 gelieferte Strom hängt zum Teil von der aus dem Schaltnetzteil 66 an den HF-Oszillator 60 angelegten Netzspannung und zum Teil von der Lastimpedanz 64 ab. Falls die Netzspannung genügend hoch ist, kann die Temperatur des die Elektroden der elektrochirurgischen Vorrichtung (oder innerhalb eines gasförmigen Mediums die Temperatur der innerhalb des Gewebes enthaltenen Flüssigkeiten) umgebenden flüssigen Mediums in einem solchen Maß ansteigen, daß das flüssige Medium verdampft, was zu einem raschen Anstieg der Lastimpedanz und einem daraus folgenden raschen Anstieg der an die Anschlüsse 62 angelegten Ausgangsspannung führt. Dies ist ein unerwünschter Sachverhalt, falls ein Desikkationsausgang gefordert wird. Aus diesem Grund wird die Spannungsschwelle für einen Desikkationsausgang so eingestellt, daß Steuersignale an die Einschaltzeit-Steuerschaltung 70 und das Schaltnetzteil 66 geschickt werden, wenn die Schwelle erreicht ist. Die Einschaltzeit-Steuerschaltung 70 weist die Wirkung des praktisch sofortigen Verringerns der Einschaltzeit der HF-Oszillator-Schaltvorrichtung auf. Gleichzeitig wird das Schaltnetzteil ausgeschaltet, so daß die dem Oszillator 60 zugeführte Spannung abzufallen beginnt.When the generator is first activated, the state of the control input is 60I of the RF oscillator 60 (to the on-time control circuit 70 connected) "on", so that the current switching device, which is the oscillator element of the oscillator 60 is turned on at a maximum conduction period during each oscillation cycle. The one to the load 64 supplied power depends in part on that from the switching power supply 66 to the RF oscillator 60 applied mains voltage and partly from the load impedance 64 from. If the mains voltage is sufficiently high, the temperature of the liquid medium surrounding the electrodes of the electrosurgical device (or within a gaseous medium, the temperature of the fluids contained within the tissue) may increase to such an extent that the liquid medium vaporizes, resulting in a rapid Increase in the load impedance and a consequent rapid increase in the connections 62 applied output voltage leads. This is an undesirable circumstance if desiccation output is required. For this reason, the voltage threshold for a desiccation output is set so that control signals to the on-time control circuit 70 and the switching power supply 66 be sent when the threshold is reached. The on-time control circuit 70 has the effect of reducing the on-time of the RF oscillator switch device almost instantaneously. At the same time the switching power supply is turned off, so that the oscillator 60 supplied voltage begins to drop.

Die Ausgangsspannung des Generators ist für die Betriebsart wichtig. Tatsächlich werden die Ausgangsweisen allein durch die Ausgangsspannung, insbesondere die Spitzenausgangsspannung definiert. Das absolute Maß der Ausgangsspannung ist nur für eine Mehrfachsteuerung notwendig. Es kann jedoch bei diesem Generator eine einfache Einzelsteuerung (d.h. unter Verwenden einer Steuervariablen) verwendet werden, um die Ausgangsspannung auf vorbestimmte Grenzspannungen zu begrenzen. So vergleicht der in 5 dargestellte Spannungsschwellendetektor 68 die HF-Ausgangsspitzenspannung mit einem voreingestellten Schwellenwert der Gleichspannung und weist eine ausreichend schnelle Antwortzeit auf, um einen Rückstellimpuls für die Einschaltzeit-Steuerschaltung 70 innerhalb eines HF-Halbzyklus zu erzeugen.The output voltage of the generator is important for the operating mode. In fact, the output modes are defined solely by the output voltage, in particular the peak output voltage. The absolute measure of the output voltage is only necessary for a multiple control. However, with this generator, a simple single control (ie, using a control variable) may be used to limit the output voltage to predetermined threshold voltages. So compare the in 5 illustrated voltage threshold detector 68 the RF output peak voltage with a preset threshold DC voltage and has a sufficiently fast response time to a reset pulse for the on-time control circuit 70 within an RF half-cycle.

Die maximale Stromaufnahme geht mit dem Elektrodenzustand einher, der unmittelbar vor der Dampfblasenbildung besteht, da dies mit dem maxi malen Leistungsverlust und der größten befeuchteten Elektrodenfläche einhergeht. Es ist daher erwünscht, daß die Elektrode für das maximale Desikkationsvermögen in ihrem angefeuchteten Zustand verbleibt. Die Verwendung eines Spannungsgrenzennachweises führt zu einer Stromverringerung, die es den Dampfblasen erlaubt, zusammenzufallen, was wiederum die Fähigkeit der aktiven Elektrode, Strom aufzunehmen, erhöht. Aus diesem Grund schließt der Generator einen Steuerkreis mit einem hohen Überschwingen ein, indem die Rückkopplungsanregung der die vordefinierte Schwelle erreichenden Spitzenspannung durch Bewirken einer Verringerung der Ausgangsspitzenspannung auf einen Wert bedeutend unter dem durch den Schwellendetektor 68 eingestellten Spitzenwert der Ausgangsspannung eine große unmittelbare Verringerung des Stroms verursacht. Dieses Steuerungsüberschwingen stellt eine Rückkehr zu dem geforderten angefeuchteten Zustand sicher.The maximum current consumption is associated with the electrode state, which is just before the formation of vapor bubbles, as this is accompanied by the maximum power loss and the largest moistened electrode surface. It is therefore desirable that the electrode for maximum desiccating power remain in its wetted state. The use of voltage threshold detection results in a current reduction that allows the vapor bubbles to collapse, which in turn increases the ability of the active electrode to draw current. For this reason, the generator includes a high overshoot control circuit in which the feedback excitation reaches the peak voltage reaching the predefined threshold by causing the output peak voltage to decrease significantly below that provided by the threshold detector 68 set peak value of the output voltage causes a large immediate reduction of the current. This control overshoot ensures a return to the required humidified state.

Weitere Einzelheiten des Generators und seines Betriebs werden in der Beschreibung unserer europäischen Patentanmeldung Nr. 96 304 558.8 (EP-A-754 437) beschrieben.Further Details of the generator and its operation are in the description our European Patent Application No. 96 304 558.8 (EP-A-754 437).

Im Lichte des Vorstehenden ist offensichtlich, daß die Elektrodeneinheit von 3 zur Desikkation durch Betreiben der Einheit in dem Bereich der Kurve zwischen dem Punkt „0" und einem Punkt in dem Bereich zwischen den Punkten „B" und „C" verwendet werden kann. In diesem Fall wird die Elektrodenanordnung 32 mit der aktiven Spitze 34A neben dem zu behandelnden Gewebe in eine ausgewählte Operationsstelle eingeführt, wobei das Gewebe und die aktive Spitze und die Rückführungselektrode in die Kochsalzlösung eingetaucht sind. Der Generator wird anschließend aktiviert (und wie vorstehend beschrieben zyklisch gesteuert), um der Elektrodeneinheit 32 zum Erhalt der Kochsalzlösung neben der aktiven Spitze 34A bei oder unmittelbar unter ihrem Siedepunkt ausreichend Strom zuzuführen, ohne eine die aktive Spitze umgebende Dampftasche zu schaffen. Die Elektrodenanordnung wird so gehandhabt, daß sie ein Erhitzen und Austrocknen des Gewebes in einem geforderten Bereich neben der aktiven Spitze 34A bewirkt. Die Elektrodeneinheit kann zur Verdampfung im Bereich der Kurve zwischen dem Punkt „D" und der gepunkteten Linie F verwendet werden, die den Wert darstellt, unter dem die Verdampfung nicht mehr stabil ist. Der obere Teil dieser Kurve wird zur Gewebeentfernung durch Verdampfung verwendet. In diesem Modus ermöglicht eine leichte Anwendung des Instruments auf das zu behandelnde Gewebe das Ausführen eines Formens und Profilierens.In light of the above, it is apparent that the electrode unit of 3 can be used for desiccation by operating the unit in the area of the curve between the point "0" and a point in the area between the points "B" and "C." In this case, the electrode arrangement becomes 32 with the active tip 34A inserted into a selected surgical site adjacent to the tissue to be treated, with the tissue and active tip and return electrode immersed in the saline solution. The generator is then activated (and cycled as described above) to the electrode unit 32 to get the saline solution next to the active tip 34A Provide sufficient current at or just below its boiling point without creating a vapor pocket surrounding the active tip. The electrode assembly is manipulated to heat and desiccate the tissue in a required area adjacent the active tip 34A causes. The electrode unit can be used for evaporation in the region of the curve between the point "D" and the dotted line F, which represents the value below which the evaporation is no longer stable The upper part of this curve is used for fabric removal by evaporation This mode allows easy application of the instrument to the Ge to be treated weave a shaping and profiling.

Die Elektrodenanordnung 32 weist vorzugsweise Kombinationselektroden mit einem Verhältnis der Fläche von Rückführungs- zu aktiver Elektrode im Bereich von 5:1 zu 40:1 auf (das heißt, das Verhältnis der Oberflächen der freigelegten Bereiche der beiden Elektroden liegt in diesem Bereich).The electrode arrangement 32 preferably comprises combining electrodes having a ratio of the area of return to active electrode in the range of 5: 1 to 40: 1 (that is, the ratio of the surfaces of the exposed portions of the two electrodes is in this range).

6 veranschaulicht die Verwendung der Elektrodeneinheit von 3 zur Gewebeentfernung durch Verdampfung, wobei die Elektrodeneinheit in das leitfähige Fluid 78 eingetaucht ist. Auf diese Weise erzeugt die Elektrodeneinheit an der aktiven Spitze 34A eine zum Verdampfen von Gewebe 80 und zum Erzeugen einer die aktive Spitze umgebenden Dampftasche 82 ausreichend hohe Energiedichte. Die Bildung der Dampftasche 82 erzeugt eine etwa 10fache Zunahme der Kontaktimpedanz bei einer daraus folgenden Zunahme der Ausgangsspannung. Überschläge 84 werden in der Dampftasche 82 unter Schließen des Stromkreises zur Rückführungselektrode 38 erzeugt. Das Gewebe 80, das die Dampftasche 82 berührt, stellt einen Weg des geringsten elektrischen Widerstandes zum Schließen des Stromkreises dar. Je näher das Gewebe 80 der aktiven Spitze 34A kommt, desto mehr Energie wird auf das Gewebe in dem Maße konzentriert, daß die Zellen explodieren, wenn sie von den Überschläge 84 getroffen werden, da der Rückkehrweg durch das leitfähige Fluid (in diesem Fall Kochsalzlösung) durch die hohe Impedanzbarriere der Dampftasche 82 blockiert wird. Die Kochsalzlösung dient auch zum Lösen oder Dispergieren der festen Verdampfungsprodukte. 6 illustrates the use of the electrode unit of 3 for tissue removal by evaporation, wherein the electrode unit is in the conductive fluid 78 is immersed. In this way, the electrode unit generates at the active tip 34A one for vaporizing tissue 80 and for creating a vapor pocket surrounding the active tip 82 sufficiently high energy density. The formation of the steam bag 82 produces an approximately 10-fold increase in contact impedance with a consequent increase in output voltage. rollovers 84 be in the steam bag 82 closing the circuit to the return electrode 38 generated. The tissue 80 holding the steam bag 82 touched, represents a path of least electrical resistance to close the circuit. The closer the tissue 80 the active tip 34A The more energy is concentrated on the tissue to the extent that the cells explode when they are from the flashovers 84 because the return path through the conductive fluid (in this case saline) is due to the high impedance barrier of the vapor pocket 82 is blocked. The saline solution also serves to dissolve or disperse the solid evaporation products.

Bei Gebrauch wird die Elektrodenanordnung 32 mit der aktiven Elektrodenspitze 34A neben dem zu verdampfenden Gewebe in eine ausgewählte Operationsstelle eingeführt, wobei das Gewebe, die aktive Spitze und die Rückführungselektrode 38 in die Kochsalzlösung 78 eintauchen. Der HF-Generator wird betätigt, um der Elektrodenanordnung 32 genügend Strom (wie zuvor unter Bezug auf 4 beschrieben) zum Verdampfen der Kochsalzlösung und zum Aufrechterhalten einer die Gewebekontaktelektrode umgebenden Dampftasche zuzuführen. Wenn die Elektrodeneinheit zum Formen oder Profilieren von Menisken während eines arthroskopischen Eingriffes verwendet wird, wird die Elektrodenanordnung 32 unter leichtem Druck an der ausgewählten Opera tionsstelle angewandt und wird so gehandhabt, daß sich die halbkugelförmige Oberfläche der aktiven Spitze 34A über die zu behandelnde Oberfläche bewegt, Gewebe und insbesondere Menisken mit einer Form- oder Profilierungswirkung glättet.In use, the electrode assembly becomes 32 with the active electrode tip 34A in addition to the tissue to be vaporized introduced into a selected surgical site, wherein the tissue, the active tip and the return electrode 38 in the saline solution 78 plunge. The RF generator is actuated to the electrode assembly 32 enough electricity (as before with reference to 4 described) to evaporate the saline solution and to maintain a steam pocket surrounding the tissue contact electrode. When the electrode unit is used for molding or profiling menisci during an arthroscopic procedure, the electrode assembly becomes 32 is applied under light pressure at the selected site of operation and is manipulated to form the hemispherical surface of the active tip 34A moved across the surface to be treated, smoothing tissue and in particular menisci with a shaping or profiling effect.

7 veranschaulicht die Verwendung einer der von 2 zur Gewebedesikkation verwendeten ähnlichen Elektrodeneinheit. Im Desikkationsmodus wird den Elektroden in einem ersten Ausgangsbereich ein Ausgangsstrom zugeführt, so daß Strom von der aktiven Elektrode 34 zur Rückführungselektrode 38 fließt. Wie vorstehend beschrieben bewirkt der Ausgangsstrom, daß die Kochsalzlösung neben der aktiven Elektrode 34 vorzugsweise auf einen Punkt am oder in der Nähe des Siedepunktes der Kochsalzlösung erhitzt wird. Dies erzeugt kleine Dampfblasen auf der Oberfläche der aktiven Elektrode 14, die die Impedanz um die aktive Elektrode 34 erhöhen. 7 illustrates the use of one of 2 similar electrode unit used for tissue desiccation. In the desiccation mode, an output current is supplied to the electrodes in a first output region so that current flows from the active electrode 34 to the return electrode 38 flows. As described above, the output current causes the saline solution adjacent to the active electrode 34 is preferably heated to a point at or near the boiling point of the saline solution. This creates small vapor bubbles on the surface of the active electrode 14 that the impedance around the active electrode 34 increase.

Das Körpergewebe 80 weist typischerweise eine niedrigere Impedanz als die Impedanz der Kombination von Dampfblasen und Kochsalzlösung neben der aktiven Elektrode 34 auf. Wenn eine von kleinen Dampfblasen und Kochsalzlösung umgebene aktive Elektrode 34 mit Gewebe 80 in Berührung gebracht wird, wird das Gewebe 80 Teil des bevorzugten elektrischen Stromweges. Dementsprechend verläuft der bevorzugte Stromweg aus der aktiven Elektrode 34 zum Punkt des Gewebekontakts, durch das Gewebe 80 und anschließend wie in 7 dargestellt über die Kochsalzlösung zurück zur Rückführungselektrode 38.The body tissue 80 typically has a lower impedance than the impedance of the combination of vapor bubbles and saline adjacent to the active electrode 34 on. When an active electrode surrounded by small vapor bubbles and saline 34 with tissue 80 is brought into contact with the tissue 80 Part of the preferred electrical current path. Accordingly, the preferred current path is from the active electrode 34 to the point of tissue contact, through the tissue 80 and then as in 7 represented by the saline solution back to the return electrode 38 ,

Die Erfindung weist eine besondere Anwendung beim Austrocknen von Gewebe auf. Zur Gewebedesikkation ist ein bevorzugter Weg das Berühren des Gewebes mit nur einem Teil der aktiven Elektrode, während der Rest der aktiven Elektrode vom Gewebe entfernt und von Kochsalzlösung umgeben bleibt, so daß Strom über die Kochsalzlösung von der aktiven zur Rückführungselektrode fließen kann, ohne durch das Gewebe hindurchzugehen. Zum Beispiel berührt in der in 7 dargestellten Ausführungsform nur der distale Teil der aktiven Elektrode das Gewebe, wobei der proximale Teil vom Gewebe räumlich getrennt bleibt.The invention has a particular application in the drying of tissue. For tissue desiccation, a preferred way is to contact the tissue with only a portion of the active electrode while the remainder of the active electrode is removed from the tissue and surrounded by saline so that current can flow through the saline solution from the active to the return electrode without passing through the saline Go through tissue. For example, touches in the in 7 In the embodiment shown, only the distal part of the active electrode, the tissue, wherein the proximal part of the tissue remains spatially separated.

Die Erfindung kann eine Desikkation ohne oder mit geringfügigem Verkohlen des Gewebes erzielen. Wenn die aktive Elektrode 34 das Gewebe 80 berührt, fließt Strom durch das Gewebe, wodurch das Austrocknen des Gewebes am Berührungspunkt und darum herum bewirkt wird. Die Fläche und das Volumen des ausgetrockneten Gewebes dehnt sich im allgemeinen vom Berührungspunkt radial nach außen aus.The invention can achieve desiccation without or with slight charring of the tissue. When the active electrode 34 the tissue 80 When it touches, current flows through the tissue, causing the tissue to dry out at and around the point of contact. The area and volume of the dried tissue generally expands radially from the point of contact.

Bei der in 7 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist der freigelegte Behandlungsabschnitt der aktiven Elektrode 34 länger als breit. Dies erlaubt der Elektrodenspitze die Gewebeoberfläche zu berühren, während der Großteil des freigelegten Behandlungsabschnitts noch von einer Berührung mit dem Gewebe abgehalten wird, selbst wenn die Vorrichtung bezüglich der Gewebeoberfläche abgewinkelt ist. Da der Großteil des freigelegten Elektrodenabschnitts ohne Berührung mit dem Gewebe ist, verschiebt sich bei der Desikkation eines ausreichenden Gewebevolumens der Stromweg leichter von dem Weg durch das Gewebe zu einem Weg, der direkt von der aktiven Elektrode zu der Kochsalzlösung verläuft.At the in 7 The embodiment shown is the exposed treatment section of the active electrode 34 longer than wide. This allows the electrode tip to contact the tissue surface while still preventing most of the exposed treatment portion from contact with the tissue, even when the device is angled with respect to the tissue surface. Since the majority of the exposed electrode portion is not in contact with the tissue, ver upon desiccation of sufficient tissue volume, the current path slides more easily from the pathway through the tissue to a pathway that extends directly from the active electrode to the saline solution.

Bei der in 3 dargestellten Elektrodeneinheit ist der freigelegte Abschnitt der aktiven Elektrode 34 verglichen mit der Länge des Isolierungselements 36 zwischen der aktiven Elektrode 34 und der Rückführungselektrode 38 verhältnismäßig kurz. Bei einer derartigen Elektrodenanordnung trifft ein bistabiler Betrieb der Vorrichtung, der der vorstehend bezüglich 4 beschriebenen Hystereseeigenschaft zu eigen ist, insoweit zu, als daß die Vorrichtung in einem Desikkationsmodus oder in einem Modus der niedrigen Verdampfung verwendet werden kann. In einigen Fällen, insbesondere, wenn der freigelegte Behandlungsabschnitt der aktiven Elektrode lang ist, kann ein bistabiler Betrieb schwierig zu erreichen sein.At the in 3 The illustrated electrode unit is the exposed portion of the active electrode 34 compared with the length of the insulating element 36 between the active electrode 34 and the return electrode 38 relatively short. In such an electrode arrangement meets a bistable operation of the device, the above with respect 4 to the extent that the device can be used in a desiccation mode or in a low evaporation mode. In some cases, especially when the exposed active electrode treatment section is long, bistable operation may be difficult to achieve.

Es werden nun unter Bezug auf 8, die eine einen Schaft 30, der durch ein aus einem halbflexiblen, aus Edelstahl oder mit Kupfer oder Gold plattiertem Phynox gefertigtes Rohr dargestellt wird, mit einer Elektrodenanordnung 32 an einem distalen Ende desselben umfassende Elektrodeneinheit darstellt, Maßnahmen zum Überwinden dieser Schwierigkeit beschrieben. Die Elektrodenanordnung 32 schließt eine zentrale aktive Elektrode 34 (die als „Nadel"-Elektrode bezeichnet werden kann) mit einem länglichen, freigelegten Behandlungsabschnitt 34A mit einem integralen zentralen Leiter 34B ein. Ein zylindrischer, keramischer Isoliermantel 36 umgibt den Leiter 34B und eine Rückführungselektrode 38, die von dem distalen Endabschnitt des Schafts 30 dargestellt wird, stößt an ein proximales Ende des Mantels 36 an. Ein äußerer Polyimid-Isolierüberzug 40 umgibt den proximalen Abschnitt des Schafts neben der Rückführungselektrode 38, wodurch die Rückführungselektrode mit einer ringförmigen Fluidkontaktoberfläche ausgestattet wird, die sich von der Kante des Überzugs 40 zum Isoliermantel 36 erstreckt. Der Isoliermantel 36 weist eine distale Endfläche 36A mit einem derartigen Durchmesser auf, daß der Stufenradius (d. h., der Abstand zwischen der Umfangskante der Endfläche 36A und dem Außendurchmesser der aktiven Elektrode 34) mindestens 1/20 der Länge des freigelegten Behandlungsabschnitts 34A der aktiven Elektrode ist. Der Isoliermantel 36 weist somit eine Schulter (oder Stufe) auf, die zu der aktiven Elektrode 34 koaxial ist. Bei Gebrauch verhindert diese Stufe ein örtliches Überschlagen, das sonst am proximalen Ende des freigelegten Behandlungsabschnitts 34A der aktiven Elektrode auftreten kann, wodurch das distale Ende des Behandlungsabschnitts 34A unwirksam gemacht wird.It will now be referred to 8th one a shank 30 represented by a tube made of semi-flexible tubing made of stainless steel or copper or gold plated Phynox with an electrode assembly 32 at a distal end of the same comprehensive electrode unit, described measures for overcoming this difficulty. The electrode arrangement 32 closes a central active electrode 34 (which may be referred to as a "needle" electrode) with an elongate, exposed treatment section 34A with an integral central conductor 34B one. A cylindrical, ceramic insulating jacket 36 surrounds the conductor 34B and a return electrode 38 extending from the distal end portion of the shaft 30 is shown, abuts a proximal end of the shell 36 at. An outer polyimide insulating coating 40 surrounds the proximal portion of the shaft adjacent to the return electrode 38 whereby the return electrode is provided with an annular fluid contact surface extending from the edge of the cover 40 to the insulating jacket 36 extends. The insulating jacket 36 has a distal end surface 36A with a diameter such that the step radius (ie, the distance between the peripheral edge of the end face 36A and the outer diameter of the active electrode 34 ) at least 1/20 of the length of the exposed treatment section 34A the active electrode is. The insulating jacket 36 thus has a shoulder (or step) leading to the active electrode 34 is coaxial. In use, this step prevents local overturning that would otherwise occur at the proximal end of the exposed treatment section 34A the active electrode may occur, causing the distal end of the treatment section 34A is made ineffective.

Zur genaueren Erörterung des Betriebs der Elektrode, wenn die Elektrodeneinheit im Gewebeschneid- oder Verdampfungsmodus betrieben wird, bildet sich um den Behandlungsabschnitt 34A der aktiven Elektrode eine Dampfblase. Diese Blase wird durch einen Überschlag darin aufrecht erhalten. Je größer die angelegte Spannung ist, desto größer ist die Blasengröße. Die durch jeden Überschlag in Wärme übergegangene Energie wird durch das im Leitungsweg zurückbleibende Fluid und durch die Quellimpedanz des Generators impedanzbegrenzt. Ein Überschlag verhält sich jedoch darin wie ein negativer Scheinwiderstand, daß wenn die Energie in dem Überschlag ausreichend hoch ist, ein ionisierter Weg mit sehr niedriger Impedanz gebildet wird. Dies kann zu einem instabilen Zustand einer stetig abnehmenden Impedanz des ionisierten Weges führen, solange die Impedanz des Fluids zwischen der Blase und der Rückführungselektrode dazu ausreicht, als Grenze für den in Wärme umgewandelten Strom zu wirken. Es ist der Dampftasche um den Behandlungsabschnitt der aktiven Elektrode herum ferner möglich, die Rückführungselektrode zu beeinträchtigen. Unter diesen Umständen wird die Überschlagsenergie nur durch die Generatorquellimpedanz beschränkt, eine derartige Strombegrenzung ist aber schlecht und kann nicht der Elektrodengröße entsprechend angepaßt werden. Aus diesen Gründen sollten die Abmessungen und Konfiguration des Isoliermantels 36 derart sein, daß sie eine Mindestlänge des Leitungsweges zwischen dem Behandlungsabschnitt 34A der aktiven Elektrode und der Fluidkontaktoberfläche der Rückführungselektrode 38 von 1 mm definieren. Diese Mindestweglänge ist im Falle der in 8 dargestellten Ausführungsform die Länge a des Mantels 36 zuzüglich des Stufenradius c wie in 8 dargestellt.To more fully discuss the operation of the electrode when the electrode unit is operated in tissue cutting or evaporation mode, the treatment section is formed 34A the active electrode is a vapor bubble. This bubble is maintained by a rollover in it. The larger the applied voltage, the larger the bubble size. The energy dissipated by each flashover is impedance limited by the fluid remaining in the conduction path and by the source impedance of the generator. However, a rollover behaves like a negative impedance in that when the energy in the flashover is sufficiently high, an ionized path with very low impedance is formed. This may result in an unstable state of steadily decreasing impedance of the ionized path, as long as the impedance of the fluid between the bladder and the return electrode is sufficient to act as the boundary for the heat converted current. Further, it is possible for the vapor pocket around the treatment section of the active electrode to affect the return electrode. Under these circumstances, the flashover energy is limited only by the generator source impedance, but such current limiting is poor and can not be matched to the electrode size. For these reasons, the dimensions and configuration of the insulating jacket should be 36 be such that it has a minimum length of the conduction path between the treatment section 34A the active electrode and the fluid contact surface of the return electrode 38 of 1 mm. This minimum path length is in the case of in 8th illustrated embodiment, the length a of the jacket 36 plus the step radius c as in 8th shown.

Eine weitere Erwägung ist die Möglichkeit, daß sich eine Dampftasche nur über einem Teil des freigelegten Behandlungsabschnitts 34A der aktiven Elektrode 34 bildet. Wenn die angelegte Spannung und der Strom ausreichend hoch sind, bildet sich um den freigelegten Behandlungsabschnitt der aktiven Elektrode eine Dampftasche. Vorzugsweise ist die Tasche gleichförmig über die gesamte Länge des Behandlungsabschnitts ausgebildet. In einer derartigen Situation kann sich die dem Generator darstellende Lastimpedanz bis um einen Faktor 20 ändern. Wenn jedoch bedeutende Unterschiede bei der Leitungsweglänge zwischen der Fluidkontaktoberfläche der Rückführungselektrode und verschiedenen Teilen des freigelegten Behandlungsabschnitts 34A der aktiven Elektrode bestehen, wird über die gesamte Länge jeder Elektrode ein Spannungsgradient geschaffen. Vorzugsweise ist die Fluidkontaktoberfläche groß genug und weist ein derartiges Abmessungsverhältnis auf, daß ihre Länge mindestens so groß wie ihr Durchmesser ist, um einen Spannungsgradienten entlang ihrer Oberfläche auf ein Mindestmaß zurückzuführen. Nichtsdestotrotz kann bei einigen Konfigurationen von Isoliermantel und aktiver Elektrode der Spannungsgradient ausreichend groß sein, um eine Dampftaschenbildung nur über dem Teil des freigelegten Behandlungsabschnitts zu ermöglichen, der der Fluidkontaktoberfläche am nähesten ist, was das äußerste distale Ende des freigelegten Behandlungsabschnitts noch immer im Kontakt mit dem leitfähigen Fluid beläßt. Auf diese Weise wird der Spannungsgradient innerhalb des leitfähigen Fluids geschaffen, wo der Rand der Dampftasche die Oberfläche des Behandlungsabschnitts 34A der aktiven Elektrode schneidet. Das elektrische Verhalten eines derartigen teilweise umhüllten Behandlungsabschnitts der aktiven Elektrode ist von dem eines vollständig umhüllten Behandlungsabschnitts sehr verschieden. Der Impedanzübergang vom feuchten Zustand zu dem dampfumhüllten Zustand ist viel weniger ausgeprägt, als zuvor unter Bezug auf 4 beschrieben. Als Steuern des Generatorausgangs durch das Erfassen der Spitzenspannung ausgedrückt ist das Verhalten der Elektrodenanordnung nicht länger bistabil. Der Strombedarf ist jedoch als Ergebnis der über den feuchten Bereich niedriger Impedanz des Behandlungsabschnitts der aktiven Elektrode dargebotenen Verdampfungsspannung beträchtlich höher. Der klinische Effekt ist nicht nur die geforderte Verdampfung, sondern auch ein sich aus der erhöhten Überführung von Strom in Wärme ergebender thermischer Schädigungseffekt.Another consideration is the possibility of a vapor pocket only over a portion of the exposed treatment section 34A the active electrode 34 forms. When the applied voltage and current are sufficiently high, a vapor pocket is formed around the exposed treatment portion of the active electrode. Preferably, the pocket is formed uniformly over the entire length of the treatment section. In such a situation, the load impedance representing the generator may change by a factor of 20. However, if there are significant differences in the path length between the fluid contact surface of the return electrode and various parts of the exposed treatment section 34A of the active electrode, a voltage gradient is created over the entire length of each electrode. Preferably, the fluid contact surface is large enough and has a dimensional ratio such that its length is at least as large as its diameter to minimize a stress gradient along its surface. Nonetheless, with some Insulation jacket and active electrode configurations, the voltage gradient may be sufficiently large to allow vapor pocket formation only over the portion of the exposed treatment portion that is closest to the fluid contact surface, leaving the outermost distal end of the exposed treatment portion still in contact with the conductive fluid. In this way, the stress gradient is created within the conductive fluid where the edge of the vapor pocket is the surface of the treatment section 34A the active electrode cuts. The electrical behavior of such a partially covered treatment section of the active electrode is very different from that of a completely covered treatment section. The impedance transition from the wet state to the steam-enveloped state is much less pronounced than previously with reference to FIG 4 described. Expressed as controlling the generator output by detecting the peak voltage, the behavior of the electrode assembly is no longer bistable. However, the power demand is considerably higher as a result of the evaporation voltage presented over the wet region of low impedance of the active electrode treatment section. The clinical effect is not only the required evaporation, but also a thermal damaging effect resulting from the increased transfer of current into heat.

Das teilweise Umhüllen des Behandlungsabschnitts der aktiven Elektrode kann zum Großteil dadurch vermieden werden, daß das Verhältnis der Länge des Leitungsweges zwischen dem am weitesten entfernten Punkt des Behandlungsabschnitts der aktiven Elektrode und der Länge des kürzesten Leitungsweges zwischen dem Behandlungsabschnitt der aktiven Elektrode und der Fluidkontaktoberfläche weniger als oder gleich 2:1 ist, d. h. b/(a + c) ≤ 2.The partially wrap of the treatment section of the active electrode can largely thereby be avoided that the relationship the length the conduction path between the furthest point of the Treatment section of the active electrode and the length of the shortest Conduction path between the treatment section of the active electrode and the fluid contact surface less than or equal to 2: 1, d. H. b / (a + c) ≤ 2.

Unter einigen Umständen wird gefunden, daß die Leitungsweglänge zwischen der aktiven und Rückführungselektrode zu lang ist, um eine Verdampfung des leitenden Fluids aufgrund der daraus folgenden, durch das Fluid dargestellten großen seriellen Impedanz zu erlauben. Ein zu großer Spannungsabfall kann dazu führen, daß eine voreingestellte Spannungsschwelle erreicht wird, bevor eine Verdampfung erzielt werden kann. Vorzugsweise ist dann das Verhältnis der größten Leitungsweglänge zu der ringförmigen Umfangslänge der Fluidkontaktoberfläche der Rückführungselektrode nicht mehr als 1,43:1. Im Falle einer zylindrischen Fluidkontaktoberfläche, die mit der aktiven Elektrode koaxial ist, ist das Verhältnis der größten Leitungsweglänge zum Fluidkontaktoberflächendurchmesser geringer als oder gleich 4,5:1. Somit ist unter Bezug auf 8 b/d ≤ 4,5.In some circumstances, it is found that the conduction path length between the active and return electrodes is too long to permit evaporation of the conductive fluid due to the consequent large serial impedance represented by the fluid. Too large a voltage drop can cause a preset voltage threshold to be reached before evaporation can be achieved. Preferably, then the ratio of the largest conduction path length to the annular circumferential length of the fluid contact surface of the return electrode is not more than 1.43: 1. In the case of a cylindrical fluid contact surface which is coaxial with the active electrode, the ratio of the largest conduction path length to the fluid contact surface diameter is less than or equal to 4.5: 1. Thus, with reference to 8th b / d ≤ 4.5.

Die hauptsächliche Verwendung der in 8 dargestellten Elektrodeneinheit ist zum Gewebeschneiden, wobei mindestens ein Teil des Behandlungsabschnitts 34A der aktiven Elektrode in dem zu behandelnden Gewebe verborgen ist und wobei der Generator im Verdampfungsabschnitt der in 4 dargestellten Impedanz/Strom-Eigenschaften betrieben wird.The main use of in 8th shown electrode unit is for tissue cutting, wherein at least a portion of the treatment section 34A the active electrode is hidden in the tissue to be treated and wherein the generator in the evaporation section of the in 4 represented impedance / current characteristics is operated.

Alternative Konfigurationen der aktiven Elektrode schließen das Ausbilden des freigelegten Behandlungsabschnitts 34A als Haken wie in 9 dargestellt ein. In diesem Fall ist der Isoliermantel konisch und läuft von der Fluidkontaktoberfläche der Rückführungselektrode 38 zur distalen Endfläche 36A spitz zu.Alternative configurations of the active electrode include forming the exposed treatment section 34A as a hook as in 9 shown. In this case, the insulating jacket is conical and runs from the fluid contact surface of the return electrode 38 to the distal end surface 36A pointed to.

Eine weitere, in 10 dargestellte Alternative weist einen Behandlungsabschnitt 34a der aktiven Elektrode in Gestalt eines Schleifenhakens auf.Another, in 10 illustrated alternative has a treatment section 34a the active electrode in the form of a loop hook.

Bei den Ausführungsformen 8, 9 und 10 ist zu erkennen, daß die Abmessungen a, b, c, d derart sind, daß sie unter die vorstehend beschriebenen Verhältnisgrenzen fallen. Weiterhin kann in jedem Fall die Elektrodenanordnung als eine Behandlungsachse 42 aufweisend angesehen werden, die die Achse ist, entlang derer die Vorrichtung zum Gewebe hin eingeführt werden kann, wobei die Rückführungselektrode 38 in Richtung der Behandlungsachse von der aktiven Elektroden 34A zurückgesetzt ist. Zum Zwecke des Vergleichens der unterschiedlichen Weglängen zwischen der Rückführungselektrode und verschiedenen Teilen des Behandlungsabschnittes der aktiven Elektrode sollten Wege auf einer gemeinsamen Ebene, die die Behandlungsachse 42 enthaltende Ebene, berücksichtigt werden. Im Falle der Ansichten von 8, 9 und 10 liegen die veranschaulichten Weglängen selbstverständlich in der die Ansichten aufweisenden Papierebene.In Embodiments 8, 9 and 10, it can be seen that the dimensions a, b, c, d are such that they fall below the above-described ratio limits. Furthermore, in any case, the electrode arrangement as a treatment axis 42 which is the axis along which the device can be inserted towards the tissue, the return electrode 38 in the direction of the axis of treatment of the active electrodes 34A is reset. For the purpose of comparing the different path lengths between the return electrode and various parts of the active electrode treatment section, paths on a common plane should be the treatment axis 42 containing level. In the case of the views of 8th . 9 and 10 Of course, the illustrated path lengths are in the paper plane having the views.

Claims (15)

Elektrochirurgisches Instrument für die Behandlung von Gewebe in der Gegenwart eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids, mit einem Instrumentenschaft (30), welcher eine Längsachse (42) bildet, und einer Elektrodenanordnung (32) an dem distalen Ende des Schaftes, wobei die Elektrodenanordnung versehen ist mit: einer aktiven Elektrode (34), die fest angeordnet ist innerhalb der Elektrodenanordnung und einem freigelegten Abschnitt (34A) zur Behandlung des Gewebes aufweist, einer Rückführungselektrode (38) mit einer freigelegten Fluidberührungsfläche, die aktive und Rückführungselektroden sind entlang der Längsachse (42) auseinander angeordnet, und einem Isolator (36), der isolierend zwischen der aktiven Elektrode (34) und der Rückführungselektrode (38) angeordnet ist, wobei die Rückführungselektrode kurz vor dem distalen Ende des Isolators (36) so aufhört, dass der Isolator den freigelegten Abschnitt (38A) zur Behandlung des Gewebes der aktiven Elektrode und die freigelegte Berührungsoberfläche für das Fluid der Rückführungselektrode (38) entlang der Längsachse voneinander trennen, wodurch, wenn der freigelegte Abschnitt zur Behandlung von Gewebe in die Nähe einer Gewebeoberfläche gebracht wird, die in das Fluid eingetaucht ist, die freigelegte Fluidberührungsoberfläche weggelegen ist von der Gewebeoberfläche und das Fluid einen Weg zwischen der aktiven und der Rückführungselektrode erstellt, und wobei die Abmessungen und die Konfiguration des freigelegten Gewebebehandlungsabschnitts (34A), die freigelegte Fluidberührungsoberfläche und der Isolator (36) so ausge bildet sind, dass beim Eintauchen der Elektrodenanordung (32) in das leitende Fluid, das Verhältnis von (i) der Länge des kürzesten Leitungswegs (P1) durch das Fluid zwischen der freigelegten Fluidberührungsfläche und dem Teil des freigelegten Gewebebehandlungsabschnitts (34A), der am weitesten entfernt ist von der freigelegten Fluidberührungsoberfläche, zu (ii) der Länge des kürzesten Leitungswegs (P2) durch das Fluid zwischen der freigelegten Fluidberührungsoberfläche und des freigelegten Gewebebehandlungsabschnitts (34A) im Bereich von 1,25:1 bis 2:1 liegt.Electrosurgical instrument for the treatment of tissue in the presence of an electrically conductive fluid, comprising an instrument shaft ( 30 ), which has a longitudinal axis ( 42 ), and an electrode assembly ( 32 ) at the distal end of the shaft, the electrode assembly being provided with: an active electrode ( 34 ) fixedly disposed within the electrode assembly and an exposed portion (Fig. 34A ) for treating the tissue, a return electrode ( 38 ) with an exposed fluid interface, the active and return electrodes are along the longitudinal axis (FIG. 42 ) and an insulator ( 36 ), which is insulating between the active electrode ( 34 ) and the return electrode ( 38 ), wherein the return electro de just before the distal end of the insulator ( 36 ) so that the insulator clears the exposed portion ( 38A ) for treating the tissue of the active electrode and the exposed contact surface for the fluid of the return electrode ( 38 ) along the longitudinal axis, whereby, when the exposed tissue treatment section is brought close to a tissue surface immersed in the fluid, the exposed fluid contacting surface is away from the tissue surface and the fluid travels between the active surface and the fluid Created return electrode, and wherein the dimensions and the configuration of the exposed tissue treatment section ( 34A ), the exposed fluid contacting surface and the insulator ( 36 ) are formed so that when immersing the Elektrodenanordung ( 32 ) into the conductive fluid, the ratio of (i) the length of the shortest path (P 1 ) through the fluid between the exposed fluid interface and the portion of the exposed tissue treatment section (FIG. 34A farthest from the exposed fluid-contacting surface, to (ii) the length of the shortest conduit path (P 2 ) through the fluid between the exposed fluid-contacting surface and the exposed tissue-treating portion (FIG. 34A ) is in the range of 1.25: 1 to 2: 1. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der freigelegte Gewebebehandlungsabschnitt (34A) der aktiven Elektrode (34) in einer ersten Richtung von dem Isolator (36) hervorsteht, die Fluidberührungsfläche der Rückführungselektrode (38) zurückversetzt von dem freigeleten Gewebebehandlungsabschnittes (34A) angeordnet ist und der Isolator das proximale Ende der aktiven Elektrode (34) umschließt und zwischen dem freigelegten Gewebebehandlungsabschnitt (34A) und der freigelegten Fluidberührungsoberfläche nach außen in eine zweite Richtung ragt, die rechtwinklig zu der ersten Richtung verläuft, um eine Isolationsbarriere auszubilden, um den Fluß elektrischen Stroms durch das Fluid abzulenken, um so die kürzesteste Leitungsweglänge (P2) zwischen der freigelegten Fluidberührungsoberfläche und dem freigelegten Gewebebehandlungsabschnitt (34A) zu verlängern.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the exposed tissue treatment section ( 34A ) of the active electrode ( 34 ) in a first direction from the insulator ( 36 protruding, the fluid contact surface of the return electrode ( 38 ) recessed from the exposed tissue treatment section ( 34A ) is arranged and the insulator the proximal end of the active electrode ( 34 ) and between the exposed fabric treatment section ( 34A ) and the exposed fluid contacting surface projects outwardly in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction to form an isolation barrier to deflect the flow of electrical current through the fluid so as to provide the shortest conduit path length (P 2 ) between the exposed fluid contacting surface and the exposed fabric treatment section ( 34A ) to extend. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Länge des kürzesten Leitungswegs (P2) durch das Fluid zwischen der freigelegten Fluidberührungsoberfläche und dem freigelegten Gewebebandlungsabschnitt (34A) mindestens einen Milimeter beträgt.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length of the shortest conduit path (P 2 ) is determined by the fluid between the exposed fluid-contacting surface and the exposed tissue banding section (P 2 ). 34A ) is at least one millimeter. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die freigelegte Fluidberührungsoberfläche im wesentlichen zylindrisch ist und eine Länge und einen Durchmesser aufweist, die Länge der freigelegten Fluidberührungsoberfläche mindestens so groß ist wie ihr Durchmesser, und wobei das Verhältnis von (i) des kürzesten Leitungswegs (P1) durch das Fluid zwischen der freigelegten Fluidberührungsoberfläche und dem Teil des freigelegten Gewebebehandlungsabschnitts (34A), der am weitesten von der Fluidberührungsfläche entfernt ist, zu (ii) der freigelegten Fluidberührungsfläche maximal 4,5:1 beträgt.Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exposed fluid contacting surface is substantially cylindrical and has a length and a diameter, the length of the exposed fluid contacting surface is at least as large as its diameter, and wherein the ratio of (i) the shortest conduit path (P 1 ) by the fluid between the exposed fluid-contacting surface and the part of the exposed tissue treatment section (FIG. 34A ) which is farthest from the fluid interface to (ii) the exposed fluid interface is at most 4.5: 1. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, daduruch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rückführungselektrode (38) einen leitfähigen Mantel aufweist, der um den Isolator (36) hinter dem freigelegten Gewebebehandlungsabschnitt (34A) der aktiven Elektrode (34) angeordnet ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the return electrode ( 38 ) has a conductive jacket surrounding the insulator ( 36 ) behind the exposed fabric treatment section ( 34A ) of the active electrode ( 34 ) is arranged. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Instrumentenschaft eine metallische Röhre als sein wesentliches Bauelement aufweist und die Rückführungselektrode (38) ein integraler Endabschnitt am distalen Ende der Röhre ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the instrument shaft comprises a metallic tube as its essential component and the return electrode ( 38 ) is an integral end portion at the distal end of the tube. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der freigelegte Gewebebehandlungsabschnitt (34A) ein leitender axsialer Vorsprung ist und die freigelegte Fluidberührungsoberfläche ein leitender äußerer Mantel (38) ist, welcher den Isolator (36) umschließt und durch eine axiale Trennung von mindestens 1 mm weg von dem freigelegten Gewebebehandlungsabschnitts angeordnet ist.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the exposed tissue treatment section ( 34A ) is a conductive axial projection and the exposed fluid-contacting surface is a conductive outer jacket ( 38 ), which isolates the insulator ( 36 ) and disposed by an axial separation of at least 1 mm away from the exposed fabric treatment section. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der freigelegte Gewebebehandlungsabschnitt (34) sich in Längsrichtung von dem distalen Ende des Schaftes (30) erstreckt.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exposed tissue treatment section ( 34 ) in the longitudinal direction of the distal end of the shaft ( 30 ). Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Isolator (36) einen im wesentlichen zylindrischen Mantel auweist und die Rückführungselektrode (38) aussenseitig von dem Mantel in einem Abstand von mindestens 1 mm längsversetzt von dem freigelegten Gewebebehandlungsabschnitt (34A) ist.Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the insulator ( 36 ) has a substantially cylindrical shell and the return electrode ( 38 ) on the outside of the jacket at a distance of at least 1 mm longitudinally offset from the exposed fabric treatment section ( 34A ). Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Isolator (36) eine ringförmig, distale Endoberfläche (36A) aufweist, die eine Schulter bildet, und der freigelegte Gewebebehandlungsabschnitt (34A) zentral im Verhältnis zu der Endober fläche (36A) des Isolators angeordnet ist und von diesem absteht, die Tiefe der Schulter in seitlicher Richtung weg von der aktiven Elektrode (34) zwischen 0,05l und 0,5l beträgt, wobei 1 die Länge des freigelegten Gewebebehandlungsabschnitts (34A) ist.Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the isolator ( 36 ) an annular, distal end surface ( 36A ), which forms a shoulder, and the exposed fabric treatment section (FIG. 34A ) centrally in relation to the end surface ( 36A ) of the insulator is arranged, and the depth of the shoulder in the lateral direction away from the active electrode ( 34 ) is between 0.05 l and 0.5 l, where 1 is the length of the exposed fabric treatment section ( 34A ). Elektrochirurgisches System mit einem elektrochirurgischen Instrument gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche und ein elektrochirurgischer Generator (10) zur Versorgung der Vorrichtung mit Hochfrequenzstrom, der Generator eine Ausgangsstufe aufweist, die zumindest ein paar von elektrochirurgischen Ausgangsverbindungen (62) aufweist, die verbindbar sind mit der aktiven Elektrode (34) bzw. der Rückführungselektrode (38) der Vorrichtung, einer Erfassungsschaltung (68) zur Ableitung eines Erfassungssignals, welches dem Spitzenwert der hochfrequenten Ausgangsspannung entspricht, dass zwischen den Ausgangsverbindungen (62) entsteht, und eine Spannungsregelungsschaltung (70) zum automatischen Bewirkung einer Reduzierung der bereitgestellten Ausgangsstroms, wenn das Erfassungssignal einen vorgegebenen Spitzenwert der hochfrequenten Ausgangsspannung erreicht hat.An electrosurgical system comprising an electrosurgical instrument according to any one of the preceding claims and an electrosurgical generator ( 10 ) for supplying the device with high-frequency current, the generator an output comprising at least a few of electrosurgical output connections ( 62 ) which are connectable to the active electrode ( 34 ) or the return electrode ( 38 ) of the device, a detection circuit ( 68 ) for deriving a detection signal which corresponds to the peak value of the high-frequency output voltage, that between the output connections ( 62 ), and a voltage regulation circuit ( 70 ) for automatically causing a reduction in the provided output current when the detection signal has reached a predetermined peak value of the high-frequency output voltage. System gemäß Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spannungsregelungsschaltung (70) so einstellbar ist, um eine 50%ige Reduzierung des bereitgestellten Ausgangsstroms zu bewirken, wenn das Erfassungssignal den erreichten Schwellenwert anzeigt, die Reduzierung wird bewirkt in einer Periode von 100μs oder weniger.System according to claim 11, characterized in that the voltage regulation circuit ( 70 ) is settable to cause a 50% reduction in the output current provided when the detection signal indicates the achieved threshold, the reduction is effected in a period of 100μs or less. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spannungsregelungsschaltung (70) einstellbar ist, um die Reduzierung in der Periode von 20μs oder weniger zu bewirken.Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the voltage regulation circuit ( 70 ) is adjustable to effect the reduction in the period of 20μs or less. System gemäß einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ausgangsstufe zumindestens eine Hochfrequenzstromversorgung aufweist und dass die Steuerungsschaltung so angeordnet ist, dass zumindest 50% der Absenkung der Ausgangsspannung bewirkt wird durch Reduzierung der Periode der Leitung der Vorrichtung während einzelner Zyklen der Hochfrequenzoszillation unabhängig von der Versorgungsspannung der Vorrichtung.System according to one the claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the output stage at least having a high frequency power supply and that the control circuit is arranged so that at least 50% of the lowering of the output voltage is effected by reducing the period of conduction of the device while individual cycles of high-frequency oscillation independent of the supply voltage of the device. System gemäß Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erfassungsschaltung (68) und die Spannungsregelungsschaltung (70) wiederholt betätigbar sind, um eine rasche Absenkung in der Zyklusabhängigen-Leitungsperiode der Stromversorgung von einem Spitzenwert zu einem Basiswert zu bewirken, gefolgt von einer weniger schnellen progressiven Zunahme der Leitungsperiode bis die Leitungsperiode wieder ihren Spitzenwert erreicht, die schnelle Absenkung und progressive Zunahmesequenz wiederholt werden, während gleichzeitig die Versorgungsspannung an die Ausgangsstufe reduziert wird bis die Spitzenleitungsperiode erreicht werden kann, ohne dass die Ausgangsspannung den vorgegebenen Schwellwert übertrifft.System according to claim 14, characterized in that the detection circuit ( 68 ) and the voltage regulation circuit ( 70 ) are repeatedly operable to cause a rapid decrease in the cycle-dependent conduction period of the power supply from a peak to a baseline, followed by a less rapid progressive increase in the conduction period until the conduction period returns to its peak, the fast dip and progressive increase sequence are repeated while simultaneously reducing the supply voltage to the output stage until the peak conduction period can be achieved without the output voltage exceeding the predetermined threshold.
DE69609473T 1995-06-23 1996-06-20 ELECTRO-SURGICAL INSTRUMENT Expired - Lifetime DE69609473T3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9512888 1995-06-23
GBGB9512888.0A GB9512888D0 (en) 1995-06-23 1995-06-23 An electrosurgical generator
GB9512889 1995-06-23
GBGB9512889.8A GB9512889D0 (en) 1995-06-23 1995-06-23 An electrosurgical instrument
GB9600355 1996-01-09
GBGB9600352.0A GB9600352D0 (en) 1996-01-09 1996-01-09 Electrosurgical instrument
GBGB9600355.3A GB9600355D0 (en) 1995-06-23 1996-01-09 Electrosurgical instrument
GB9600352 1996-01-09
PCT/GB1996/001473 WO1997000647A1 (en) 1995-06-23 1996-06-20 An electrosurgical instrument

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE69609473D1 DE69609473D1 (en) 2000-08-31
DE69609473T2 DE69609473T2 (en) 2001-04-26
DE69609473T3 true DE69609473T3 (en) 2006-09-28

Family

ID=27451303

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE69634014T Expired - Lifetime DE69634014T2 (en) 1995-06-23 1996-06-20 Electrosurgical device
DE69609473T Expired - Lifetime DE69609473T3 (en) 1995-06-23 1996-06-20 ELECTRO-SURGICAL INSTRUMENT

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE69634014T Expired - Lifetime DE69634014T2 (en) 1995-06-23 1996-06-20 Electrosurgical device

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (2) US6004319A (en)
EP (2) EP0771176B2 (en)
JP (1) JP3798022B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100463935B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1095641C (en)
AR (1) AR002570A1 (en)
AU (1) AU710619B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9609421A (en)
CA (1) CA2224858C (en)
DE (2) DE69634014T2 (en)
ES (2) ES2233239T3 (en)
IL (1) IL122713A (en)
WO (1) WO1997000647A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1079)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6770071B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2004-08-03 Arthrocare Corporation Bladed electrosurgical probe
US6159194A (en) 1992-01-07 2000-12-12 Arthrocare Corporation System and method for electrosurgical tissue contraction
US5697882A (en) 1992-01-07 1997-12-16 Arthrocare Corporation System and method for electrosurgical cutting and ablation
US5902272A (en) 1992-01-07 1999-05-11 Arthrocare Corporation Planar ablation probe and method for electrosurgical cutting and ablation
US6024733A (en) * 1995-06-07 2000-02-15 Arthrocare Corporation System and method for epidermal tissue ablation
US6183469B1 (en) 1997-08-27 2001-02-06 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical systems and methods for the removal of pacemaker leads
US5683366A (en) * 1992-01-07 1997-11-04 Arthrocare Corporation System and method for electrosurgical tissue canalization
US7297145B2 (en) 1997-10-23 2007-11-20 Arthrocare Corporation Bipolar electrosurgical clamp for removing and modifying tissue
US6277112B1 (en) 1996-07-16 2001-08-21 Arthrocare Corporation Methods for electrosurgical spine surgery
US5843019A (en) * 1992-01-07 1998-12-01 Arthrocare Corporation Shaped electrodes and methods for electrosurgical cutting and ablation
US6102046A (en) 1995-11-22 2000-08-15 Arthrocare Corporation Systems and methods for electrosurgical tissue revascularization
US6190381B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2001-02-20 Arthrocare Corporation Methods for tissue resection, ablation and aspiration
US6142992A (en) * 1993-05-10 2000-11-07 Arthrocare Corporation Power supply for limiting power in electrosurgery
US6063079A (en) 1995-06-07 2000-05-16 Arthrocare Corporation Methods for electrosurgical treatment of turbinates
US6391025B1 (en) 1993-05-10 2002-05-21 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical scalpel and methods for tissue cutting
US6749604B1 (en) * 1993-05-10 2004-06-15 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical instrument with axially-spaced electrodes
US5766153A (en) 1993-05-10 1998-06-16 Arthrocare Corporation Methods and apparatus for surgical cutting
US6254600B1 (en) 1993-05-10 2001-07-03 Arthrocare Corporation Systems for tissue ablation and aspiration
US6832996B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2004-12-21 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical systems and methods for treating tissue
US6203542B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2001-03-20 Arthrocare Corporation Method for electrosurgical treatment of submucosal tissue
US6264650B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2001-07-24 Arthrocare Corporation Methods for electrosurgical treatment of intervertebral discs
US6772012B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2004-08-03 Arthrocare Corporation Methods for electrosurgical treatment of spinal tissue
US6238391B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2001-05-29 Arthrocare Corporation Systems for tissue resection, ablation and aspiration
US6363937B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2002-04-02 Arthrocare Corporation System and methods for electrosurgical treatment of the digestive system
US6632193B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2003-10-14 Arthrocare Corporation Systems and methods for electrosurgical tissue treatment
US6780180B1 (en) 1995-06-23 2004-08-24 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
CA2224975A1 (en) 1995-06-23 1997-01-09 Gyrus Medical Limited An electrosurgical instrument
US6293942B1 (en) * 1995-06-23 2001-09-25 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical generator method
US6805130B2 (en) 1995-11-22 2004-10-19 Arthrocare Corporation Methods for electrosurgical tendon vascularization
US7270661B2 (en) * 1995-11-22 2007-09-18 Arthocare Corporation Electrosurgical apparatus and methods for treatment and removal of tissue
US6228082B1 (en) 1995-11-22 2001-05-08 Arthrocare Corporation Systems and methods for electrosurgical treatment of vascular disorders
US7758537B1 (en) 1995-11-22 2010-07-20 Arthrocare Corporation Systems and methods for electrosurgical removal of the stratum corneum
US6228078B1 (en) 1995-11-22 2001-05-08 Arthrocare Corporation Methods for electrosurgical dermatological treatment
US6726684B1 (en) 1996-07-16 2004-04-27 Arthrocare Corporation Methods for electrosurgical spine surgery
US6726685B2 (en) 2001-06-06 2004-04-27 Oratec Interventions, Inc. Intervertebral disc device employing looped probe
US6126682A (en) 1996-08-13 2000-10-03 Oratec Interventions, Inc. Method for treating annular fissures in intervertebral discs
US6733496B2 (en) 2001-06-06 2004-05-11 Oratec Interventions, Inc. Intervertebral disc device employing flexible probe
US6832997B2 (en) 2001-06-06 2004-12-21 Oratec Interventions, Inc. Electromagnetic energy delivery intervertebral disc treatment devices
US6296637B1 (en) * 1997-05-29 2001-10-02 Link Technology, Inc. Electrosurgical electrode and methods for its use
US6855143B2 (en) * 1997-06-13 2005-02-15 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical systems and methods for recanalization of occluded body lumens
JP3245815B2 (en) * 1997-07-02 2002-01-15 株式会社日本エム・ディ・エム Biological tissue processing equipment using high frequency
GB2327352A (en) 1997-07-18 1999-01-27 Gyrus Medical Ltd Electrosurgical instrument
US7278994B2 (en) 1997-07-18 2007-10-09 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
AU731398B2 (en) 1997-07-18 2001-03-29 Gyrus Medical Limited An electrosurgical instrument
GB9900964D0 (en) 1999-01-15 1999-03-10 Gyrus Medical Ltd An electrosurgical system
US6491690B1 (en) 1997-07-18 2002-12-10 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument
DE19739699A1 (en) 1997-09-04 1999-03-11 Laser & Med Tech Gmbh Electrode arrangement for the electro-thermal treatment of the human or animal body
US6726686B2 (en) 1997-11-12 2004-04-27 Sherwood Services Ag Bipolar electrosurgical instrument for sealing vessels
US7435249B2 (en) 1997-11-12 2008-10-14 Covidien Ag Electrosurgical instruments which reduces collateral damage to adjacent tissue
US6228083B1 (en) 1997-11-14 2001-05-08 Sherwood Services Ag Laparoscopic bipolar electrosurgical instrument
US6517534B1 (en) 1998-02-11 2003-02-11 Cosman Company, Inc. Peri-urethral ablation
US6440127B2 (en) 1998-02-11 2002-08-27 Cosman Company, Inc. Method for performing intraurethral radio-frequency urethral enlargement
AU3104999A (en) * 1998-03-19 1999-10-11 Oratec Interventions, Inc. Catheter for delivery of energy to a surgical site
AU3157599A (en) * 1998-03-26 1999-10-18 Gyrus Medical Limited An electrosurgical instrument
GB9807303D0 (en) 1998-04-03 1998-06-03 Gyrus Medical Ltd An electrode assembly for an electrosurgical instrument
US7892229B2 (en) 2003-01-18 2011-02-22 Tsunami Medtech, Llc Medical instruments and techniques for treating pulmonary disorders
US8016823B2 (en) * 2003-01-18 2011-09-13 Tsunami Medtech, Llc Medical instrument and method of use
GB2335858A (en) 1998-04-03 1999-10-06 Gyrus Medical Ltd Resectoscope having pivoting electrode assembly
US6763836B2 (en) 1998-06-02 2004-07-20 Arthrocare Corporation Methods for electrosurgical tendon vascularization
GB9813042D0 (en) * 1998-06-17 1998-08-12 Nuvotek Ltd Electrosurgical cutting tool
US6494902B2 (en) * 1998-07-07 2002-12-17 Medtronic, Inc. Method for creating a virtual electrode for the ablation of tissue and for selected protection of tissue during an ablation
US7276063B2 (en) 1998-08-11 2007-10-02 Arthrocare Corporation Instrument for electrosurgical tissue treatment
US7364577B2 (en) 2002-02-11 2008-04-29 Sherwood Services Ag Vessel sealing system
DE69925854T2 (en) 1998-10-23 2006-05-11 Sherwood Services Ag ENDOSCOPIC BIPOLAR ELECTRO-SURGICAL TONGUE
US7267677B2 (en) 1998-10-23 2007-09-11 Sherwood Services Ag Vessel sealing instrument
US7582087B2 (en) 1998-10-23 2009-09-01 Covidien Ag Vessel sealing instrument
US7137980B2 (en) 1998-10-23 2006-11-21 Sherwood Services Ag Method and system for controlling output of RF medical generator
US7901400B2 (en) 1998-10-23 2011-03-08 Covidien Ag Method and system for controlling output of RF medical generator
US7118570B2 (en) 2001-04-06 2006-10-10 Sherwood Services Ag Vessel sealing forceps with disposable electrodes
DE102004033595A1 (en) * 2004-07-07 2006-02-16 Celon Ag Medical Instruments Bipolar coagulation electrode
EP1139897B1 (en) 1998-12-18 2005-05-04 Celon AG Medical Instruments Electrode assembly for a surgical instrument provided for carrying out an electrothermal coagulation of tissue
US7001380B2 (en) 1999-01-15 2006-02-21 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical system and method
GB9905211D0 (en) 1999-03-05 1999-04-28 Gyrus Medical Ltd Electrosurgery system and instrument
GB9911956D0 (en) * 1999-05-21 1999-07-21 Gyrus Medical Ltd Electrosurgery system and method
US6749606B2 (en) 1999-08-05 2004-06-15 Thomas Keast Devices for creating collateral channels
US6712812B2 (en) 1999-08-05 2004-03-30 Broncus Technologies, Inc. Devices for creating collateral channels
EP1143864B1 (en) 1999-08-05 2004-02-04 Broncus Technologies, Inc. Methods and devices for creating collateral channels in the lungs
US7815590B2 (en) 1999-08-05 2010-10-19 Broncus Technologies, Inc. Devices for maintaining patency of surgically created channels in tissue
US20020087155A1 (en) 1999-08-30 2002-07-04 Underwood Ronald A. Systems and methods for intradermal collagen stimulation
US6773432B1 (en) 1999-10-14 2004-08-10 Applied Medical Resources Corporation Electrosurgical snare
US7887535B2 (en) 1999-10-18 2011-02-15 Covidien Ag Vessel sealing wave jaw
US20030109875A1 (en) 1999-10-22 2003-06-12 Tetzlaff Philip M. Open vessel sealing forceps with disposable electrodes
US6451017B1 (en) 2000-01-10 2002-09-17 Hydrocision, Inc. Surgical instruments with integrated electrocautery
US20040181219A1 (en) * 2000-02-08 2004-09-16 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument and an electrosugery system including such an instrument
US6758846B2 (en) * 2000-02-08 2004-07-06 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument and an electrosurgery system including such an instrument
US20040068307A1 (en) * 2000-02-08 2004-04-08 Gyrus Medical Limited Surgical instrument
US6558385B1 (en) 2000-09-22 2003-05-06 Tissuelink Medical, Inc. Fluid-assisted medical device
US7811282B2 (en) 2000-03-06 2010-10-12 Salient Surgical Technologies, Inc. Fluid-assisted electrosurgical devices, electrosurgical unit with pump and methods of use thereof
US6689131B2 (en) 2001-03-08 2004-02-10 Tissuelink Medical, Inc. Electrosurgical device having a tissue reduction sensor
US8048070B2 (en) 2000-03-06 2011-11-01 Salient Surgical Technologies, Inc. Fluid-assisted medical devices, systems and methods
WO2001066026A2 (en) 2000-03-06 2001-09-13 Tissuelink Medical, Inc. Fluid delivery system and controller for electrosurgical devices
US6488680B1 (en) 2000-04-27 2002-12-03 Medtronic, Inc. Variable length electrodes for delivery of irrigated ablation
US6503269B2 (en) 2000-06-12 2003-01-07 Scott A. Nield Method of treating intervertebral discs using optical energy and optical temperature feedback
US6558410B1 (en) * 2000-11-28 2003-05-06 Remotelight, Inc. Cardiac deblocking device and method
US7549987B2 (en) 2000-12-09 2009-06-23 Tsunami Medtech, Llc Thermotherapy device
US9433457B2 (en) 2000-12-09 2016-09-06 Tsunami Medtech, Llc Medical instruments and techniques for thermally-mediated therapies
US6458128B1 (en) 2001-01-24 2002-10-01 Ethicon, Inc. Electrosurgical instrument with a longitudinal element for conducting RF energy and moving a cutting element
US6443970B1 (en) 2001-01-24 2002-09-03 Ethicon, Inc. Surgical instrument with a dissecting tip
US6652521B2 (en) 2001-01-24 2003-11-25 Ethicon, Inc. Surgical instrument with a bi-directional cutting element
US6554829B2 (en) 2001-01-24 2003-04-29 Ethicon, Inc. Electrosurgical instrument with minimally invasive jaws
US6620161B2 (en) 2001-01-24 2003-09-16 Ethicon, Inc. Electrosurgical instrument with an operational sequencing element
US6464702B2 (en) 2001-01-24 2002-10-15 Ethicon, Inc. Electrosurgical instrument with closing tube for conducting RF energy and moving jaws
US6743226B2 (en) 2001-02-09 2004-06-01 Cosman Company, Inc. Adjustable trans-urethral radio-frequency ablation
US10849681B2 (en) 2001-04-06 2020-12-01 Covidien Ag Vessel sealer and divider
JP4394881B2 (en) 2001-04-06 2010-01-06 コヴィディエン アクチェンゲゼルシャフト An electrosurgical instrument that reduces incidental damage to adjacent tissue
US7101371B2 (en) 2001-04-06 2006-09-05 Dycus Sean T Vessel sealer and divider
AU2001249933B2 (en) 2001-04-06 2006-06-08 Covidien Ag Vessel sealer and divider with non-conductive stop members
US7643887B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2010-01-05 Intrapace, Inc. Abdominally implanted stimulator and method
US7689284B2 (en) * 2001-05-01 2010-03-30 Intrapace, Inc. Pseudounipolar lead for stimulating a digestive organ
US7616996B2 (en) 2005-09-01 2009-11-10 Intrapace, Inc. Randomized stimulation of a gastrointestinal organ
US7747322B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2010-06-29 Intrapace, Inc. Digestive organ retention device
US7979127B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2011-07-12 Intrapace, Inc. Digestive organ retention device
US6638276B2 (en) 2001-06-06 2003-10-28 Oratec Interventions, Inc. Intervertebral disc device employing prebent sheath
DE10128701B4 (en) 2001-06-07 2005-06-23 Celon Ag Medical Instruments probe assembly
US6837884B2 (en) * 2001-06-18 2005-01-04 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical apparatus having compound return electrode
US8734441B2 (en) * 2001-08-15 2014-05-27 Nuortho Surgical, Inc. Interfacing media manipulation with non-ablation radiofrequency energy system and method
US20100324550A1 (en) * 2009-06-17 2010-12-23 Nuortho Surgical Inc. Active conversion of a monopolar circuit to a bipolar circuit using impedance feedback balancing
US7708712B2 (en) 2001-09-04 2010-05-04 Broncus Technologies, Inc. Methods and devices for maintaining patency of surgically created channels in a body organ
JP4341907B2 (en) * 2001-09-05 2009-10-14 セイリアント・サージカル・テクノロジーズ・インコーポレーテッド Fluid-assisted medical device, system and method
US20030088245A1 (en) * 2001-11-02 2003-05-08 Arthrocare Corporation Methods and apparatus for electrosurgical ventriculostomy
US8444636B2 (en) 2001-12-07 2013-05-21 Tsunami Medtech, Llc Medical instrument and method of use
US6942662B2 (en) 2001-12-27 2005-09-13 Gyrus Group Plc Surgical Instrument
AU2002358220B2 (en) * 2001-12-27 2008-09-25 Gyrus Medical Limited A surgical instrument
GB0130975D0 (en) 2001-12-27 2002-02-13 Gyrus Group Plc A surgical instrument
US6757565B2 (en) * 2002-02-08 2004-06-29 Oratec Interventions, Inc. Electrosurgical instrument having a predetermined heat profile
AU2003218050A1 (en) 2002-02-11 2003-09-04 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical apparatus and methods for laparoscopy
EP1474057B1 (en) 2002-02-12 2007-03-28 Oratec Interventions, Inc Radiofrequency arthroscopic ablation device
US6918909B2 (en) * 2002-04-10 2005-07-19 Olympus Corporation Resectoscope apparatus
US6929643B2 (en) * 2002-04-15 2005-08-16 Olympus Corporation Resectoscope apparatus and electric operation apparatus
US8043286B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2011-10-25 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Method and apparatus for plasma-mediated thermo-electrical ablation
US6780178B2 (en) * 2002-05-03 2004-08-24 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Method and apparatus for plasma-mediated thermo-electrical ablation
DE60315970T2 (en) 2002-05-06 2008-05-21 Covidien Ag BLOOD DETECTOR FOR CHECKING AN ELECTROSURGICAL UNIT
KR100508112B1 (en) * 2002-06-08 2005-08-11 모승기 Device for Treating Tumor and Fat Using Microwave
EP1407718B1 (en) * 2002-06-18 2015-02-25 Olympus Corporation Resectoscope
US20060167445A1 (en) * 2002-08-27 2006-07-27 Gal Shafirstein Selective conductive interstitial thermal therapy device
US6780177B2 (en) * 2002-08-27 2004-08-24 Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas Conductive interstitial thermal therapy device
US20040116922A1 (en) * 2002-09-05 2004-06-17 Arthrocare Corporation Methods and apparatus for treating intervertebral discs
US7931649B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2011-04-26 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Vessel sealing instrument with electrical cutting mechanism
US7270664B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2007-09-18 Sherwood Services Ag Vessel sealing instrument with electrical cutting mechanism
US7276068B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2007-10-02 Sherwood Services Ag Vessel sealing instrument with electrical cutting mechanism
US8162966B2 (en) 2002-10-25 2012-04-24 Hydrocision, Inc. Surgical devices incorporating liquid jet assisted tissue manipulation and methods for their use
US10363061B2 (en) 2002-10-25 2019-07-30 Hydrocision, Inc. Nozzle assemblies for liquid jet surgical instruments and surgical instruments for employing the nozzle assemblies
AU2003288945A1 (en) 2002-10-29 2004-05-25 Tissuelink Medical, Inc. Fluid-assisted electrosurgical scissors and methods
US7799026B2 (en) 2002-11-14 2010-09-21 Covidien Ag Compressible jaw configuration with bipolar RF output electrodes for soft tissue fusion
US7044948B2 (en) 2002-12-10 2006-05-16 Sherwood Services Ag Circuit for controlling arc energy from an electrosurgical generator
CA2772050C (en) * 2002-12-26 2016-09-06 Meso Scale Technologies, Llc. Assay cartridges and methods of using the same
US7297143B2 (en) * 2003-02-05 2007-11-20 Arthrocare Corporation Temperature indicating electrosurgical apparatus and methods
WO2004073752A2 (en) * 2003-02-14 2004-09-02 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Electrosurgical system with uniformly enhanced electric field and minimal collateral damage
US7736361B2 (en) 2003-02-14 2010-06-15 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stamford Junior University Electrosurgical system with uniformly enhanced electric field and minimal collateral damage
GB0305018D0 (en) * 2003-03-05 2003-04-09 Gyrus Medical Ltd Electrosurgical generator and system
AU2003223284C1 (en) 2003-03-13 2010-09-16 Covidien Ag Bipolar concentric electrode assembly for soft tissue fusion
US8128624B2 (en) 2003-05-01 2012-03-06 Covidien Ag Electrosurgical instrument that directs energy delivery and protects adjacent tissue
WO2004098383A2 (en) 2003-05-01 2004-11-18 Sherwood Services Ag Electrosurgical instrument which reduces thermal damage to adjacent tissue
WO2004098382A2 (en) * 2003-05-01 2004-11-18 Sherwood Services Ag Suction coagulator with dissecting probe
US7160299B2 (en) 2003-05-01 2007-01-09 Sherwood Services Ag Method of fusing biomaterials with radiofrequency energy
US7722601B2 (en) 2003-05-01 2010-05-25 Covidien Ag Method and system for programming and controlling an electrosurgical generator system
US7794456B2 (en) 2003-05-13 2010-09-14 Arthrocare Corporation Systems and methods for electrosurgical intervertebral disc replacement
USD496997S1 (en) 2003-05-15 2004-10-05 Sherwood Services Ag Vessel sealer and divider
USD499181S1 (en) 2003-05-15 2004-11-30 Sherwood Services Ag Handle for a vessel sealer and divider
EP1628586B1 (en) 2003-05-15 2011-07-06 Covidien AG Tissue sealer with non-conductive variable stop members
US9060770B2 (en) 2003-05-20 2015-06-23 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Robotically-driven surgical instrument with E-beam driver
US20070084897A1 (en) 2003-05-20 2007-04-19 Shelton Frederick E Iv Articulating surgical stapling instrument incorporating a two-piece e-beam firing mechanism
US7857812B2 (en) 2003-06-13 2010-12-28 Covidien Ag Vessel sealer and divider having elongated knife stroke and safety for cutting mechanism
USD956973S1 (en) 2003-06-13 2022-07-05 Covidien Ag Movable handle for endoscopic vessel sealer and divider
US7150749B2 (en) 2003-06-13 2006-12-19 Sherwood Services Ag Vessel sealer and divider having elongated knife stroke and safety cutting mechanism
US7156846B2 (en) 2003-06-13 2007-01-02 Sherwood Services Ag Vessel sealer and divider for use with small trocars and cannulas
US20050021028A1 (en) * 2003-06-18 2005-01-27 Daniel Palanker Electro-adhesive tissue manipulator
DE10332564A1 (en) * 2003-07-11 2005-01-27 Celon Ag Medical Instruments Surgical device for coagulation or ablation of tissue, comprising hollow shaft accommodating cooling duct and two ring-shaped electrodes
EP1651127B1 (en) 2003-07-16 2012-10-31 Arthrocare Corporation Rotary electrosurgical apparatus
US8308682B2 (en) 2003-07-18 2012-11-13 Broncus Medical Inc. Devices for maintaining patency of surgically created channels in tissue
US8002740B2 (en) 2003-07-18 2011-08-23 Broncus Technologies, Inc. Devices for maintaining patency of surgically created channels in tissue
EP2298214B1 (en) * 2003-07-28 2013-11-06 Synergetics, Inc. Illumination and laser source and method of transmitting illumination light and laser treatment light
US20050215994A1 (en) * 2003-08-21 2005-09-29 Stephen Solomon Tunneling device
JP2007504910A (en) 2003-09-12 2007-03-08 ミノウ・メディカル・エルエルシイ Selectable biased reshaping and / or excision of atherosclerotic material
US7138316B2 (en) * 2003-09-23 2006-11-21 Intel Corporation Semiconductor channel on insulator structure
US8579892B2 (en) 2003-10-07 2013-11-12 Tsunami Medtech, Llc Medical system and method of use
WO2005039390A2 (en) 2003-10-20 2005-05-06 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical method and apparatus for removing tissue within a bone body
AU2003284929B2 (en) 2003-10-23 2010-07-22 Covidien Ag Redundant temperature monitoring in electrosurgical systems for safety mitigation
WO2005050151A1 (en) 2003-10-23 2005-06-02 Sherwood Services Ag Thermocouple measurement circuit
US7396336B2 (en) 2003-10-30 2008-07-08 Sherwood Services Ag Switched resonant ultrasonic power amplifier system
US20060173474A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2006-08-03 Parris Wellman Surgical device having a track to guide an actuator
US20050096645A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-05 Parris Wellman Multitool surgical device
US20050096670A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-05 Parris Wellman Surgical end effector
US20050096671A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-05 Parris Wellman Control mechanism for a surgical instrument
US7314479B2 (en) * 2003-10-31 2008-01-01 Parris Wellman Space-creating retractor with vessel manipulator
US20050096646A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-05 Parris Wellman Surgical system for retracting and severing tissue
US9848938B2 (en) 2003-11-13 2017-12-26 Covidien Ag Compressible jaw configuration with bipolar RF output electrodes for soft tissue fusion
US7367976B2 (en) 2003-11-17 2008-05-06 Sherwood Services Ag Bipolar forceps having monopolar extension
US7131970B2 (en) 2003-11-19 2006-11-07 Sherwood Services Ag Open vessel sealing instrument with cutting mechanism
US7811283B2 (en) 2003-11-19 2010-10-12 Covidien Ag Open vessel sealing instrument with hourglass cutting mechanism and over-ratchet safety
US7500975B2 (en) 2003-11-19 2009-03-10 Covidien Ag Spring loaded reciprocating tissue cutting mechanism in a forceps-style electrosurgical instrument
US7131860B2 (en) 2003-11-20 2006-11-07 Sherwood Services Ag Connector systems for electrosurgical generator
US7442193B2 (en) 2003-11-20 2008-10-28 Covidien Ag Electrically conductive/insulative over-shoe for tissue fusion
US7727232B1 (en) 2004-02-04 2010-06-01 Salient Surgical Technologies, Inc. Fluid-assisted medical devices and methods
US7766905B2 (en) 2004-02-12 2010-08-03 Covidien Ag Method and system for continuity testing of medical electrodes
US7780662B2 (en) 2004-03-02 2010-08-24 Covidien Ag Vessel sealing system using capacitive RF dielectric heating
US20050251116A1 (en) * 2004-05-05 2005-11-10 Minnow Medical, Llc Imaging and eccentric atherosclerotic material laser remodeling and/or ablation catheter
US7704249B2 (en) 2004-05-07 2010-04-27 Arthrocare Corporation Apparatus and methods for electrosurgical ablation and resection of target tissue
GB2414185A (en) * 2004-05-20 2005-11-23 Gyrus Medical Ltd Morcellating device using cutting electrodes on end-face of tube
US20050283149A1 (en) * 2004-06-08 2005-12-22 Thorne Jonathan O Electrosurgical cutting instrument
US20050283148A1 (en) * 2004-06-17 2005-12-22 Janssen William M Ablation apparatus and system to limit nerve conduction
EP1773227B1 (en) 2004-06-24 2016-04-13 ArthroCare Corporation Electrosurgical device having planar vertical electrodes
US8409167B2 (en) 2004-07-19 2013-04-02 Broncus Medical Inc Devices for delivering substances through an extra-anatomic opening created in an airway
US8905977B2 (en) 2004-07-28 2014-12-09 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument having an electroactive polymer actuated medical substance dispenser
US11890012B2 (en) 2004-07-28 2024-02-06 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge comprising cartridge body and attached support
US8215531B2 (en) 2004-07-28 2012-07-10 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument having a medical substance dispenser
US7824408B2 (en) 2004-08-05 2010-11-02 Tyco Healthcare Group, Lp Methods and apparatus for coagulating and/or constricting hollow anatomical structures
US7195631B2 (en) 2004-09-09 2007-03-27 Sherwood Services Ag Forceps with spring loaded end effector assembly
US8396548B2 (en) 2008-11-14 2013-03-12 Vessix Vascular, Inc. Selective drug delivery in a lumen
US9713730B2 (en) 2004-09-10 2017-07-25 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Apparatus and method for treatment of in-stent restenosis
US7540872B2 (en) 2004-09-21 2009-06-02 Covidien Ag Articulating bipolar electrosurgical instrument
US7955332B2 (en) 2004-10-08 2011-06-07 Covidien Ag Mechanism for dividing tissue in a hemostat-style instrument
US7628786B2 (en) 2004-10-13 2009-12-08 Covidien Ag Universal foot switch contact port
US7686827B2 (en) 2004-10-21 2010-03-30 Covidien Ag Magnetic closure mechanism for hemostat
US7909823B2 (en) 2005-01-14 2011-03-22 Covidien Ag Open vessel sealing instrument
US7686804B2 (en) 2005-01-14 2010-03-30 Covidien Ag Vessel sealer and divider with rotating sealer and cutter
US7625372B2 (en) 2005-02-23 2009-12-01 Vnus Medical Technologies, Inc. Methods and apparatus for coagulating and/or constricting hollow anatomical structures
EP2438877B1 (en) * 2005-03-28 2016-02-17 Vessix Vascular, Inc. Intraluminal electrical tissue characterization and tuned RF energy for selective treatment of atheroma and other target tissues
US7491202B2 (en) 2005-03-31 2009-02-17 Covidien Ag Electrosurgical forceps with slow closure sealing plates and method of sealing tissue
US9474564B2 (en) 2005-03-31 2016-10-25 Covidien Ag Method and system for compensating for external impedance of an energy carrying component when controlling an electrosurgical generator
EP2179702B1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2015-01-21 Stryker Corporation Cannula for use with a matable supply electrode assembly
US7942874B2 (en) 2005-05-12 2011-05-17 Aragon Surgical, Inc. Apparatus for tissue cauterization
US8728072B2 (en) 2005-05-12 2014-05-20 Aesculap Ag Electrocautery method and apparatus
US8696662B2 (en) 2005-05-12 2014-04-15 Aesculap Ag Electrocautery method and apparatus
US9339323B2 (en) 2005-05-12 2016-05-17 Aesculap Ag Electrocautery method and apparatus
US7803156B2 (en) 2006-03-08 2010-09-28 Aragon Surgical, Inc. Method and apparatus for surgical electrocautery
US7837685B2 (en) 2005-07-13 2010-11-23 Covidien Ag Switch mechanisms for safe activation of energy on an electrosurgical instrument
US20070032785A1 (en) * 2005-08-03 2007-02-08 Jennifer Diederich Tissue evacuation device
KR100777992B1 (en) * 2005-08-12 2007-11-29 후지논 가부시키가이샤 High-frequency treatment tool
US7628791B2 (en) 2005-08-19 2009-12-08 Covidien Ag Single action tissue sealer
US9237891B2 (en) 2005-08-31 2016-01-19 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Robotically-controlled surgical stapling devices that produce formed staples having different lengths
US7934630B2 (en) 2005-08-31 2011-05-03 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Staple cartridges for forming staples having differing formed staple heights
US11246590B2 (en) 2005-08-31 2022-02-15 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge including staple drivers having different unfired heights
US7669746B2 (en) 2005-08-31 2010-03-02 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Staple cartridges for forming staples having differing formed staple heights
US8800838B2 (en) 2005-08-31 2014-08-12 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Robotically-controlled cable-based surgical end effectors
US11484312B2 (en) 2005-08-31 2022-11-01 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge comprising a staple driver arrangement
US10159482B2 (en) 2005-08-31 2018-12-25 Ethicon Llc Fastener cartridge assembly comprising a fixed anvil and different staple heights
US7673781B2 (en) 2005-08-31 2010-03-09 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling device with staple driver that supports multiple wire diameter staples
CA2561034C (en) 2005-09-30 2014-12-09 Sherwood Services Ag Flexible endoscopic catheter with an end effector for coagulating and transfecting tissue
US7879035B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2011-02-01 Covidien Ag Insulating boot for electrosurgical forceps
US7922953B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2011-04-12 Covidien Ag Method for manufacturing an end effector assembly
CA2561638C (en) 2005-09-30 2015-06-30 Sherwood Services Ag Insulating boot for electrosurgical forceps
US7722607B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2010-05-25 Covidien Ag In-line vessel sealer and divider
US7789878B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2010-09-07 Covidien Ag In-line vessel sealer and divider
US7509175B2 (en) 2006-08-03 2009-03-24 Intrapace, Inc. Method and devices for stimulation of an organ with the use of a transectionally placed guide wire
US8734438B2 (en) 2005-10-21 2014-05-27 Covidien Ag Circuit and method for reducing stored energy in an electrosurgical generator
US20070106317A1 (en) 2005-11-09 2007-05-10 Shelton Frederick E Iv Hydraulically and electrically actuated articulation joints for surgical instruments
EP1945298B1 (en) * 2005-11-09 2013-04-17 Korea University Industrial & Academic Collaboration Foundation Radio frequency ablation electrode for selected tissue removal
US7947039B2 (en) 2005-12-12 2011-05-24 Covidien Ag Laparoscopic apparatus for performing electrosurgical procedures
US8876746B2 (en) 2006-01-06 2014-11-04 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system and method for treating chronic wound tissue
US7691101B2 (en) 2006-01-06 2010-04-06 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical method and system for treating foot ulcer
US8685016B2 (en) 2006-01-24 2014-04-01 Covidien Ag System and method for tissue sealing
US8882766B2 (en) 2006-01-24 2014-11-11 Covidien Ag Method and system for controlling delivery of energy to divide tissue
US8241282B2 (en) 2006-01-24 2012-08-14 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Vessel sealing cutting assemblies
US8734443B2 (en) 2006-01-24 2014-05-27 Covidien Lp Vessel sealer and divider for large tissue structures
US7766910B2 (en) 2006-01-24 2010-08-03 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Vessel sealer and divider for large tissue structures
CA2574935A1 (en) 2006-01-24 2007-07-24 Sherwood Services Ag A method and system for controlling an output of a radio-frequency medical generator having an impedance based control algorithm
CA2574934C (en) 2006-01-24 2015-12-29 Sherwood Services Ag System and method for closed loop monitoring of monopolar electrosurgical apparatus
US9186200B2 (en) 2006-01-24 2015-11-17 Covidien Ag System and method for tissue sealing
US7513896B2 (en) 2006-01-24 2009-04-07 Covidien Ag Dual synchro-resonant electrosurgical apparatus with bi-directional magnetic coupling
US8216223B2 (en) 2006-01-24 2012-07-10 Covidien Ag System and method for tissue sealing
US8147485B2 (en) 2006-01-24 2012-04-03 Covidien Ag System and method for tissue sealing
US8298232B2 (en) 2006-01-24 2012-10-30 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Endoscopic vessel sealer and divider for large tissue structures
US7972328B2 (en) 2006-01-24 2011-07-05 Covidien Ag System and method for tissue sealing
US11278279B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2022-03-22 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument assembly
US8186555B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2012-05-29 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Motor-driven surgical cutting and fastening instrument with mechanical closure system
US7753904B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2010-07-13 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Endoscopic surgical instrument with a handle that can articulate with respect to the shaft
US8763879B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2014-07-01 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Accessing data stored in a memory of surgical instrument
US9861359B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2018-01-09 Ethicon Llc Powered surgical instruments with firing system lockout arrangements
US20120292367A1 (en) 2006-01-31 2012-11-22 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Robotically-controlled end effector
US8161977B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2012-04-24 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Accessing data stored in a memory of a surgical instrument
US8708213B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2014-04-29 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical instrument having a feedback system
US7845537B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2010-12-07 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical instrument having recording capabilities
US20110024477A1 (en) 2009-02-06 2011-02-03 Hall Steven G Driven Surgical Stapler Improvements
US11224427B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2022-01-18 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical stapling system including a console and retraction assembly
US11793518B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2023-10-24 Cilag Gmbh International Powered surgical instruments with firing system lockout arrangements
US20110290856A1 (en) 2006-01-31 2011-12-01 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Robotically-controlled surgical instrument with force-feedback capabilities
US8820603B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2014-09-02 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Accessing data stored in a memory of a surgical instrument
US7879034B2 (en) 2006-03-02 2011-02-01 Arthrocare Corporation Internally located return electrode electrosurgical apparatus, system and method
US7651493B2 (en) 2006-03-03 2010-01-26 Covidien Ag System and method for controlling electrosurgical snares
US7648499B2 (en) 2006-03-21 2010-01-19 Covidien Ag System and method for generating radio frequency energy
US8992422B2 (en) 2006-03-23 2015-03-31 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Robotically-controlled endoscopic accessory channel
US8236010B2 (en) 2006-03-23 2012-08-07 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical fastener and cutter with mimicking end effector
US10835355B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2020-11-17 Sonendo, Inc. Apparatus and methods for treating root canals of teeth
AU2007240780B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2014-01-16 Sonendo, Inc. Apparatus and methods for treating root canals of teeth
US7651492B2 (en) 2006-04-24 2010-01-26 Covidien Ag Arc based adaptive control system for an electrosurgical unit
US8574229B2 (en) 2006-05-02 2013-11-05 Aesculap Ag Surgical tool
US8019435B2 (en) 2006-05-02 2011-09-13 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Control of arterial smooth muscle tone
US7846158B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2010-12-07 Covidien Ag Apparatus and method for electrode thermosurgery
US8753334B2 (en) 2006-05-10 2014-06-17 Covidien Ag System and method for reducing leakage current in an electrosurgical generator
US20070265613A1 (en) * 2006-05-10 2007-11-15 Edelstein Peter Seth Method and apparatus for sealing tissue
US8103356B2 (en) * 2006-05-23 2012-01-24 Vertech, Inc. High frequency epidural neuromodulation catheter without needle for effectuating RF treatment
EP2020943B1 (en) 2006-05-30 2015-07-08 ArthroCare Corporation Hard tissue ablation system
US8322455B2 (en) 2006-06-27 2012-12-04 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Manually driven surgical cutting and fastening instrument
US7776037B2 (en) 2006-07-07 2010-08-17 Covidien Ag System and method for controlling electrode gap during tissue sealing
US7744615B2 (en) 2006-07-18 2010-06-29 Covidien Ag Apparatus and method for transecting tissue on a bipolar vessel sealing instrument
WO2008014465A2 (en) * 2006-07-28 2008-01-31 Jnj Technology Holdings, Llc Ablation apparatus and system to limit nerve conduction
US7740159B2 (en) 2006-08-02 2010-06-22 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Pneumatically powered surgical cutting and fastening instrument with a variable control of the actuating rate of firing with mechanical power assist
US7731717B2 (en) 2006-08-08 2010-06-08 Covidien Ag System and method for controlling RF output during tissue sealing
US8034049B2 (en) 2006-08-08 2011-10-11 Covidien Ag System and method for measuring initial tissue impedance
US7980854B2 (en) 2006-08-24 2011-07-19 Medical Dental Advanced Technologies Group, L.L.C. Dental and medical treatments and procedures
US8597297B2 (en) 2006-08-29 2013-12-03 Covidien Ag Vessel sealing instrument with multiple electrode configurations
DE102006041919A1 (en) * 2006-09-07 2008-03-27 Olympus Winter & Ibe Gmbh Endoscopic high-frequency instrument
US7794457B2 (en) 2006-09-28 2010-09-14 Covidien Ag Transformer for RF voltage sensing
US10568652B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2020-02-25 Ethicon Llc Surgical staples having attached drivers of different heights and stapling instruments for deploying the same
US10130359B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2018-11-20 Ethicon Llc Method for forming a staple
US7506791B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2009-03-24 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument with mechanical mechanism for limiting maximum tissue compression
US8070746B2 (en) 2006-10-03 2011-12-06 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Radiofrequency fusion of cardiac tissue
US10363082B2 (en) * 2006-10-05 2019-07-30 Ttumed Llc Electrosurgical device
US7951149B2 (en) 2006-10-17 2011-05-31 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Ablative material for use with tissue treatment device
EP2954868A1 (en) 2006-10-18 2015-12-16 Vessix Vascular, Inc. Tuned rf energy and electrical tissue characterization for selective treatment of target tissues
WO2008049082A2 (en) * 2006-10-18 2008-04-24 Minnow Medical, Inc. Inducing desirable temperature effects on body tissue
AU2007310991B2 (en) 2006-10-18 2013-06-20 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. System for inducing desirable temperature effects on body tissue
US8177783B2 (en) * 2006-11-02 2012-05-15 Peak Surgical, Inc. Electric plasma-mediated cutting and coagulation of tissue and surgical apparatus
GB2452103B (en) 2007-01-05 2011-08-31 Arthrocare Corp Electrosurgical system with suction control apparatus and system
US8652120B2 (en) 2007-01-10 2014-02-18 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical instrument with wireless communication between control unit and sensor transponders
US8684253B2 (en) 2007-01-10 2014-04-01 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical instrument with wireless communication between a control unit of a robotic system and remote sensor
US11291441B2 (en) 2007-01-10 2022-04-05 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument with wireless communication between control unit and remote sensor
US8459520B2 (en) 2007-01-10 2013-06-11 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical instrument with wireless communication between control unit and remote sensor
US20080169332A1 (en) 2007-01-11 2008-07-17 Shelton Frederick E Surgical stapling device with a curved cutting member
US11039836B2 (en) 2007-01-11 2021-06-22 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge for use with a surgical stapling instrument
USD649249S1 (en) 2007-02-15 2011-11-22 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp End effectors of an elongated dissecting and dividing instrument
US20090001130A1 (en) 2007-03-15 2009-01-01 Hess Christopher J Surgical procedure using a cutting and stapling instrument having releasable staple-forming pockets
US7862560B2 (en) 2007-03-23 2011-01-04 Arthrocare Corporation Ablation apparatus having reduced nerve stimulation and related methods
US8893946B2 (en) 2007-03-28 2014-11-25 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Laparoscopic tissue thickness and clamp load measuring devices
US8267935B2 (en) 2007-04-04 2012-09-18 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Electrosurgical instrument reducing current densities at an insulator conductor junction
US8496653B2 (en) 2007-04-23 2013-07-30 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Thrombus removal
US8777941B2 (en) 2007-05-10 2014-07-15 Covidien Lp Adjustable impedance electrosurgical electrodes
US8157145B2 (en) 2007-05-31 2012-04-17 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Pneumatically powered surgical cutting and fastening instrument with electrical feedback
US11857181B2 (en) 2007-06-04 2024-01-02 Cilag Gmbh International Robotically-controlled shaft based rotary drive systems for surgical instruments
US7905380B2 (en) 2007-06-04 2011-03-15 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical instrument having a multiple rate directional switching mechanism
US7832408B2 (en) 2007-06-04 2010-11-16 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical instrument having a directional switching mechanism
US8534528B2 (en) 2007-06-04 2013-09-17 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical instrument having a multiple rate directional switching mechanism
US8931682B2 (en) 2007-06-04 2015-01-13 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Robotically-controlled shaft based rotary drive systems for surgical instruments
US7753245B2 (en) 2007-06-22 2010-07-13 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling instruments
US8308040B2 (en) 2007-06-22 2012-11-13 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument with an articulatable end effector
US11849941B2 (en) 2007-06-29 2023-12-26 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge having staple cavities extending at a transverse angle relative to a longitudinal cartridge axis
US7834484B2 (en) 2007-07-16 2010-11-16 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Connection cable and method for activating a voltage-controlled generator
ATE556667T1 (en) 2007-08-23 2012-05-15 Aegea Medical Inc UTERUS THERAPY DEVICE
US8216220B2 (en) 2007-09-07 2012-07-10 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp System and method for transmission of combined data stream
WO2009036472A1 (en) * 2007-09-14 2009-03-19 Lazure Technologies, Llc Prostate cancer ablation
US7877852B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2011-02-01 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Method of manufacturing an end effector assembly for sealing tissue
US7877853B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2011-02-01 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Method of manufacturing end effector assembly for sealing tissue
US8512332B2 (en) 2007-09-21 2013-08-20 Covidien Lp Real-time arc control in electrosurgical generators
US9023043B2 (en) 2007-09-28 2015-05-05 Covidien Lp Insulating mechanically-interfaced boot and jaws for electrosurgical forceps
US8235993B2 (en) 2007-09-28 2012-08-07 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Insulating boot for electrosurgical forceps with exohinged structure
US8251996B2 (en) 2007-09-28 2012-08-28 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Insulating sheath for electrosurgical forceps
US8221416B2 (en) 2007-09-28 2012-07-17 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Insulating boot for electrosurgical forceps with thermoplastic clevis
US8241283B2 (en) 2007-09-28 2012-08-14 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Dual durometer insulating boot for electrosurgical forceps
US8235992B2 (en) 2007-09-28 2012-08-07 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Insulating boot with mechanical reinforcement for electrosurgical forceps
US8267936B2 (en) 2007-09-28 2012-09-18 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Insulating mechanically-interfaced adhesive for electrosurgical forceps
US8236025B2 (en) 2007-09-28 2012-08-07 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Silicone insulated electrosurgical forceps
JP5443386B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2014-03-19 サリエント・サージカル・テクノロジーズ・インコーポレーテッド Fluid-assisted electrosurgical device, method and system
US8870867B2 (en) 2008-02-06 2014-10-28 Aesculap Ag Articulable electrosurgical instrument with a stabilizable articulation actuator
US8764748B2 (en) 2008-02-06 2014-07-01 Covidien Lp End effector assembly for electrosurgical device and method for making the same
US8540133B2 (en) 2008-09-19 2013-09-24 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Staple cartridge
US7766209B2 (en) 2008-02-13 2010-08-03 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument with improved firing trigger arrangement
US8561870B2 (en) 2008-02-13 2013-10-22 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument
US7905381B2 (en) 2008-09-19 2011-03-15 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument with cutting member arrangement
US8453908B2 (en) 2008-02-13 2013-06-04 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument with improved firing trigger arrangement
US8758391B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2014-06-24 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Interchangeable tools for surgical instruments
JP5410110B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2014-02-05 エシコン・エンド−サージェリィ・インコーポレイテッド Surgical cutting / fixing instrument with RF electrode
US8752749B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2014-06-17 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Robotically-controlled disposable motor-driven loading unit
US8622274B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2014-01-07 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Motorized cutting and fastening instrument having control circuit for optimizing battery usage
US7866527B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2011-01-11 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling apparatus with interlockable firing system
US8459525B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2013-06-11 Ethicon Endo-Sugery, Inc. Motorized surgical cutting and fastening instrument having a magnetic drive train torque limiting device
US8573465B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2013-11-05 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Robotically-controlled surgical end effector system with rotary actuated closure systems
US7793812B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2010-09-14 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Disposable motor-driven loading unit for use with a surgical cutting and stapling apparatus
US9358063B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2016-06-07 Arthrocare Corporation Ablation performance indicator for electrosurgical devices
US7819298B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2010-10-26 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling apparatus with control features operable with one hand
US8584919B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2013-11-19 Ethicon Endo-Sugery, Inc. Surgical stapling apparatus with load-sensitive firing mechanism
US8636736B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2014-01-28 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Motorized surgical cutting and fastening instrument
US9179912B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2015-11-10 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Robotically-controlled motorized surgical cutting and fastening instrument
US8657174B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2014-02-25 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Motorized surgical cutting and fastening instrument having handle based power source
US8623276B2 (en) 2008-02-15 2014-01-07 Covidien Lp Method and system for sterilizing an electrosurgical instrument
US11272927B2 (en) 2008-02-15 2022-03-15 Cilag Gmbh International Layer arrangements for surgical staple cartridges
US8608044B2 (en) 2008-02-15 2013-12-17 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Feedback and lockout mechanism for surgical instrument
US9770245B2 (en) 2008-02-15 2017-09-26 Ethicon Llc Layer arrangements for surgical staple cartridges
US20090206139A1 (en) 2008-02-15 2009-08-20 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Buttress material for a surgical instrument
US20090206131A1 (en) 2008-02-15 2009-08-20 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. End effector coupling arrangements for a surgical cutting and stapling instrument
US9924992B2 (en) 2008-02-20 2018-03-27 Tsunami Medtech, Llc Medical system and method of use
US9192427B2 (en) * 2008-03-11 2015-11-24 Covidien Lp Bipolar cutting end effector
ES2442241T3 (en) 2008-03-31 2014-02-10 Applied Medical Resources Corporation Electrosurgical system with a switching mechanism
US20090254077A1 (en) * 2008-04-08 2009-10-08 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Arc Generation in a Fluid Medium
KR100879617B1 (en) * 2008-05-19 2009-01-21 박영세 An electrosurgical instrument
US8721632B2 (en) 2008-09-09 2014-05-13 Tsunami Medtech, Llc Methods for delivering energy into a target tissue of a body
US8226639B2 (en) 2008-06-10 2012-07-24 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp System and method for output control of electrosurgical generator
US20090306642A1 (en) * 2008-06-10 2009-12-10 Vankov Alexander B Method for low temperature electrosugery and rf generator
US8579888B2 (en) 2008-06-17 2013-11-12 Tsunami Medtech, Llc Medical probes for the treatment of blood vessels
US8469956B2 (en) 2008-07-21 2013-06-25 Covidien Lp Variable resistor jaw
US8747400B2 (en) 2008-08-13 2014-06-10 Arthrocare Corporation Systems and methods for screen electrode securement
US8162973B2 (en) 2008-08-15 2012-04-24 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Method of transferring pressure in an articulating surgical instrument
US8257387B2 (en) 2008-08-15 2012-09-04 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Method of transferring pressure in an articulating surgical instrument
US9603652B2 (en) 2008-08-21 2017-03-28 Covidien Lp Electrosurgical instrument including a sensor
US8317787B2 (en) 2008-08-28 2012-11-27 Covidien Lp Tissue fusion jaw angle improvement
US8795274B2 (en) 2008-08-28 2014-08-05 Covidien Lp Tissue fusion jaw angle improvement
US8784417B2 (en) 2008-08-28 2014-07-22 Covidien Lp Tissue fusion jaw angle improvement
US8303582B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2012-11-06 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Electrosurgical instrument having a coated electrode utilizing an atomic layer deposition technique
US8083120B2 (en) 2008-09-18 2011-12-27 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. End effector for use with a surgical cutting and stapling instrument
US8210411B2 (en) 2008-09-23 2012-07-03 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Motor-driven surgical cutting instrument
US11648005B2 (en) 2008-09-23 2023-05-16 Cilag Gmbh International Robotically-controlled motorized surgical instrument with an end effector
US9005230B2 (en) 2008-09-23 2015-04-14 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Motorized surgical instrument
US9050083B2 (en) 2008-09-23 2015-06-09 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Motorized surgical instrument
US9386983B2 (en) 2008-09-23 2016-07-12 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Robotically-controlled motorized surgical instrument
US8968314B2 (en) 2008-09-25 2015-03-03 Covidien Lp Apparatus, system and method for performing an electrosurgical procedure
US9375254B2 (en) 2008-09-25 2016-06-28 Covidien Lp Seal and separate algorithm
US8535312B2 (en) 2008-09-25 2013-09-17 Covidien Lp Apparatus, system and method for performing an electrosurgical procedure
GB0817920D0 (en) * 2008-09-30 2008-11-05 Gyrus Medical Ltd Electrosurgical instrument and system
US8394089B2 (en) 2008-09-30 2013-03-12 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical instrument and system
US8142473B2 (en) 2008-10-03 2012-03-27 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Method of transferring rotational motion in an articulating surgical instrument
US10695126B2 (en) 2008-10-06 2020-06-30 Santa Anna Tech Llc Catheter with a double balloon structure to generate and apply a heated ablative zone to tissue
US9561066B2 (en) 2008-10-06 2017-02-07 Virender K. Sharma Method and apparatus for tissue ablation
EP2341859B1 (en) 2008-10-06 2017-04-05 Virender K. Sharma Apparatus for tissue ablation
US9561068B2 (en) 2008-10-06 2017-02-07 Virender K. Sharma Method and apparatus for tissue ablation
US10064697B2 (en) 2008-10-06 2018-09-04 Santa Anna Tech Llc Vapor based ablation system for treating various indications
US8469957B2 (en) 2008-10-07 2013-06-25 Covidien Lp Apparatus, system, and method for performing an electrosurgical procedure
US8016827B2 (en) 2008-10-09 2011-09-13 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Apparatus, system, and method for performing an electrosurgical procedure
US8636761B2 (en) 2008-10-09 2014-01-28 Covidien Lp Apparatus, system, and method for performing an endoscopic electrosurgical procedure
US8608045B2 (en) 2008-10-10 2013-12-17 Ethicon Endo-Sugery, Inc. Powered surgical cutting and stapling apparatus with manually retractable firing system
US8486107B2 (en) 2008-10-20 2013-07-16 Covidien Lp Method of sealing tissue using radiofrequency energy
JP5531352B2 (en) 2008-10-31 2014-06-25 キャスリックス リミテッド Catheter assembly
CN102271603A (en) * 2008-11-17 2011-12-07 明诺医学股份有限公司 Selective accumulation of energy with or without knowledge of tissue topography
US8197479B2 (en) 2008-12-10 2012-06-12 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Vessel sealer and divider
US8355799B2 (en) 2008-12-12 2013-01-15 Arthrocare Corporation Systems and methods for limiting joint temperature
US8652129B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2014-02-18 Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. Apparatus, systems, and methods for achieving intravascular, thermally-induced renal neuromodulation
US8137345B2 (en) 2009-01-05 2012-03-20 Peak Surgical, Inc. Electrosurgical devices for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
US8162932B2 (en) * 2009-01-12 2012-04-24 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Energy delivery algorithm impedance trend adaptation
US8262652B2 (en) 2009-01-12 2012-09-11 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Imaginary impedance process monitoring and intelligent shut-off
US8114122B2 (en) 2009-01-13 2012-02-14 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Apparatus, system, and method for performing an electrosurgical procedure
US9254168B2 (en) 2009-02-02 2016-02-09 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Electro-thermotherapy of tissue using penetrating microelectrode array
US11284931B2 (en) 2009-02-03 2022-03-29 Tsunami Medtech, Llc Medical systems and methods for ablating and absorbing tissue
US8414577B2 (en) 2009-02-05 2013-04-09 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical instruments and components for use in sterile environments
US8485413B2 (en) 2009-02-05 2013-07-16 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument comprising an articulation joint
US8397971B2 (en) 2009-02-05 2013-03-19 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Sterilizable surgical instrument
US8517239B2 (en) 2009-02-05 2013-08-27 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling instrument comprising a magnetic element driver
US8444036B2 (en) 2009-02-06 2013-05-21 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Motor driven surgical fastener device with mechanisms for adjusting a tissue gap within the end effector
CN102341048A (en) 2009-02-06 2012-02-01 伊西康内外科公司 Driven surgical stapler improvements
US8453907B2 (en) 2009-02-06 2013-06-04 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Motor driven surgical fastener device with cutting member reversing mechanism
WO2010096809A1 (en) 2009-02-23 2010-08-26 Salient Surgical Technologies, Inc. Fluid-assisted electrosurgical device and methods of use thereof
US8574187B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2013-11-05 Arthrocare Corporation System and method of an electrosurgical controller with output RF energy control
US8066167B2 (en) 2009-03-23 2011-11-29 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Circular surgical stapling instrument with anvil locking system
US8187273B2 (en) 2009-05-07 2012-05-29 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Apparatus, system, and method for performing an electrosurgical procedure
US8551096B2 (en) 2009-05-13 2013-10-08 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Directional delivery of energy and bioactives
US9532827B2 (en) 2009-06-17 2017-01-03 Nuortho Surgical Inc. Connection of a bipolar electrosurgical hand piece to a monopolar output of an electrosurgical generator
US8257350B2 (en) 2009-06-17 2012-09-04 Arthrocare Corporation Method and system of an electrosurgical controller with wave-shaping
US8246618B2 (en) 2009-07-08 2012-08-21 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Electrosurgical jaws with offset knife
US8932282B2 (en) 2009-08-03 2015-01-13 Covidien Lp Power level transitioning in a surgical instrument
CN102497832B (en) 2009-09-08 2015-09-09 显著外科技术公司 For case assembly and the using method thereof of electro-surgical device, electrosurgical unit
US8133254B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2012-03-13 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp In vivo attachable and detachable end effector assembly and laparoscopic surgical instrument and methods therefor
DE102009042438A1 (en) * 2009-09-22 2011-03-31 Erbe Elektromedizin Gmbh surgical device
US8323279B2 (en) 2009-09-25 2012-12-04 Arthocare Corporation System, method and apparatus for electrosurgical instrument with movable fluid delivery sheath
US8317786B2 (en) 2009-09-25 2012-11-27 AthroCare Corporation System, method and apparatus for electrosurgical instrument with movable suction sheath
US8652125B2 (en) * 2009-09-28 2014-02-18 Covidien Lp Electrosurgical generator user interface
US8112871B2 (en) 2009-09-28 2012-02-14 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Method for manufacturing electrosurgical seal plates
US8141762B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2012-03-27 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapler comprising a staple pocket
US8900223B2 (en) 2009-11-06 2014-12-02 Tsunami Medtech, Llc Tissue ablation systems and methods of use
EP3878398B1 (en) 2009-11-13 2024-03-06 Sonendo, Inc. Dental treatment apparatus
US8353439B2 (en) 2009-11-19 2013-01-15 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Circular stapler introducer with radially-openable distal end portion
US8372067B2 (en) 2009-12-09 2013-02-12 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgery irrigation primer systems and methods
US8136712B2 (en) 2009-12-10 2012-03-20 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapler with discrete staple height adjustment and tactile feedback
US8851354B2 (en) 2009-12-24 2014-10-07 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical cutting instrument that analyzes tissue thickness
US8220688B2 (en) 2009-12-24 2012-07-17 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Motor-driven surgical cutting instrument with electric actuator directional control assembly
US8267300B2 (en) 2009-12-30 2012-09-18 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Dampening device for endoscopic surgical stapler
US9161801B2 (en) 2009-12-30 2015-10-20 Tsunami Medtech, Llc Medical system and method of use
US8936631B2 (en) 2010-01-04 2015-01-20 Covidien Lp Apparatus and methods for treating hollow anatomical structures
US8608046B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2013-12-17 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Test device for a surgical tool
WO2011091192A2 (en) * 2010-01-21 2011-07-28 Shell Oil Company Process for producing a copper thiometallate or a selenometallate material
GB2477353B (en) 2010-02-01 2015-12-02 Gyrus Medical Ltd Electrosurgical instrument
GB2477352B (en) 2010-02-01 2015-11-04 Gyrus Medical Ltd Electrosurgical system
GB2477351B (en) 2010-02-01 2015-11-04 Gyrus Medical Ltd Electrosurgical instrument
JP5785957B2 (en) 2010-02-01 2015-09-30 ジャイラス メディカル リミテッド Electrosurgical instruments and systems
GB2477350B (en) 2010-02-01 2015-09-09 Gyrus Medical Ltd Electrosurgical system
KR20120139661A (en) 2010-02-04 2012-12-27 아에스쿨랍 아게 Laparoscopic radiofrequency surgical device
EP2544616B1 (en) 2010-03-11 2017-09-06 Medtronic Advanced Energy LLC Bipolar electrosurgical cutter with position insensitive return electrode contact
US8419727B2 (en) 2010-03-26 2013-04-16 Aesculap Ag Impedance mediated power delivery for electrosurgery
US8827992B2 (en) 2010-03-26 2014-09-09 Aesculap Ag Impedance mediated control of power delivery for electrosurgery
US8747399B2 (en) 2010-04-06 2014-06-10 Arthrocare Corporation Method and system of reduction of low frequency muscle stimulation during electrosurgical procedures
EP2555699B1 (en) 2010-04-09 2019-04-03 Vessix Vascular, Inc. Power generating and control apparatus for the treatment of tissue
US9192790B2 (en) 2010-04-14 2015-11-24 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Focused ultrasonic renal denervation
US8696659B2 (en) 2010-04-30 2014-04-15 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system and method having enhanced temperature measurement
US8979838B2 (en) 2010-05-24 2015-03-17 Arthrocare Corporation Symmetric switching electrode method and related system
US20110295249A1 (en) * 2010-05-28 2011-12-01 Salient Surgical Technologies, Inc. Fluid-Assisted Electrosurgical Devices, and Methods of Manufacture Thereof
US9144455B2 (en) 2010-06-07 2015-09-29 Just Right Surgical, Llc Low power tissue sealing device and method
US8473067B2 (en) 2010-06-11 2013-06-25 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Renal denervation and stimulation employing wireless vascular energy transfer arrangement
US9138289B2 (en) 2010-06-28 2015-09-22 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Electrode sheath for electrosurgical device
US8920417B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2014-12-30 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Electrosurgical devices and methods of use thereof
US8906012B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2014-12-09 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Electrosurgical devices with wire electrode
US8636730B2 (en) 2010-07-12 2014-01-28 Covidien Lp Polarity control of electrosurgical generator
US8801734B2 (en) 2010-07-30 2014-08-12 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Circular stapling instruments with secondary cutting arrangements and methods of using same
US8783543B2 (en) 2010-07-30 2014-07-22 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Tissue acquisition arrangements and methods for surgical stapling devices
US9358365B2 (en) 2010-07-30 2016-06-07 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Precision electrode movement control for renal nerve ablation
US9463062B2 (en) 2010-07-30 2016-10-11 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Cooled conductive balloon RF catheter for renal nerve ablation
US9408661B2 (en) 2010-07-30 2016-08-09 Patrick A. Haverkost RF electrodes on multiple flexible wires for renal nerve ablation
US8789740B2 (en) 2010-07-30 2014-07-29 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Linear cutting and stapling device with selectively disengageable cutting member
US9155589B2 (en) 2010-07-30 2015-10-13 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Sequential activation RF electrode set for renal nerve ablation
US9084609B2 (en) 2010-07-30 2015-07-21 Boston Scientific Scime, Inc. Spiral balloon catheter for renal nerve ablation
US9943353B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-04-17 Tsunami Medtech, Llc Medical system and method of use
US8360296B2 (en) 2010-09-09 2013-01-29 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling head assembly with firing lockout for a surgical stapler
US8632525B2 (en) 2010-09-17 2014-01-21 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Power control arrangements for surgical instruments and batteries
US9289212B2 (en) 2010-09-17 2016-03-22 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical instruments and batteries for surgical instruments
US9173698B2 (en) 2010-09-17 2015-11-03 Aesculap Ag Electrosurgical tissue sealing augmented with a seal-enhancing composition
US9877720B2 (en) 2010-09-24 2018-01-30 Ethicon Llc Control features for articulating surgical device
US8733613B2 (en) 2010-09-29 2014-05-27 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Staple cartridge
US9044228B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2015-06-02 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Fastener system comprising a plurality of fastener cartridges
US9220501B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2015-12-29 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Tissue thickness compensators
US9301753B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2016-04-05 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Expandable tissue thickness compensator
US9364233B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2016-06-14 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Tissue thickness compensators for circular surgical staplers
US9332974B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2016-05-10 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Layered tissue thickness compensator
US11925354B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2024-03-12 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge comprising staples positioned within a compressible portion thereof
US9629814B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2017-04-25 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Tissue thickness compensator configured to redistribute compressive forces
US8777004B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2014-07-15 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Compressible staple cartridge comprising alignment members
US9307989B2 (en) 2012-03-28 2016-04-12 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Tissue stapler having a thickness compensator incorportating a hydrophobic agent
US11298125B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2022-04-12 Cilag Gmbh International Tissue stapler having a thickness compensator
US9241714B2 (en) 2011-04-29 2016-01-26 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Tissue thickness compensator and method for making the same
US9220500B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2015-12-29 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Tissue thickness compensator comprising structure to produce a resilient load
US9320523B2 (en) 2012-03-28 2016-04-26 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Tissue thickness compensator comprising tissue ingrowth features
US9314246B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2016-04-19 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Tissue stapler having a thickness compensator incorporating an anti-inflammatory agent
US8893949B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2014-11-25 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapler with floating anvil
US9301752B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2016-04-05 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Tissue thickness compensator comprising a plurality of capsules
US10945731B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2021-03-16 Ethicon Llc Tissue thickness compensator comprising controlled release and expansion
US11812965B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2023-11-14 Cilag Gmbh International Layer of material for a surgical end effector
US9055941B2 (en) 2011-09-23 2015-06-16 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Staple cartridge including collapsible deck
US9788834B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2017-10-17 Ethicon Llc Layer comprising deployable attachment members
AU2011308701B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2013-11-14 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Fastener system comprising a retention matrix and an alignment matrix
US9232941B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2016-01-12 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Tissue thickness compensator comprising a reservoir
ES2664081T3 (en) 2010-10-01 2018-04-18 Applied Medical Resources Corporation Electrosurgical system with a radio frequency amplifier and with means for adapting to the separation between electrodes
USD650074S1 (en) 2010-10-01 2011-12-06 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical instrument
US8695866B2 (en) 2010-10-01 2014-04-15 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical instrument having a power control circuit
US8568405B2 (en) 2010-10-15 2013-10-29 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical wand and related method and system
USD658760S1 (en) 2010-10-15 2012-05-01 Arthrocare Corporation Wound care electrosurgical wand
US8685018B2 (en) 2010-10-15 2014-04-01 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical wand and related method and system
BR112013009708A2 (en) 2010-10-21 2016-07-19 Sonendo Inc endodontic treatment apparatus, methods and compositions
US9039694B2 (en) 2010-10-22 2015-05-26 Just Right Surgical, Llc RF generator system for surgical vessel sealing
US10448992B2 (en) 2010-10-22 2019-10-22 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system with device specific operational parameters
US8974451B2 (en) 2010-10-25 2015-03-10 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Renal nerve ablation using conductive fluid jet and RF energy
US9023040B2 (en) 2010-10-26 2015-05-05 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Electrosurgical cutting devices
US9220558B2 (en) 2010-10-27 2015-12-29 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. RF renal denervation catheter with multiple independent electrodes
ES2912362T3 (en) 2010-11-09 2022-05-25 Aegea Medical Inc Method of placement and apparatus for delivering steam to the uterus
US9028485B2 (en) 2010-11-15 2015-05-12 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Self-expanding cooling electrode for renal nerve ablation
US9668811B2 (en) 2010-11-16 2017-06-06 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Minimally invasive access for renal nerve ablation
US9089350B2 (en) 2010-11-16 2015-07-28 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Renal denervation catheter with RF electrode and integral contrast dye injection arrangement
US9326751B2 (en) 2010-11-17 2016-05-03 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Catheter guidance of external energy for renal denervation
US9060761B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2015-06-23 Boston Scientific Scime, Inc. Catheter-focused magnetic field induced renal nerve ablation
US9192435B2 (en) 2010-11-22 2015-11-24 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Renal denervation catheter with cooled RF electrode
US9023034B2 (en) 2010-11-22 2015-05-05 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Renal ablation electrode with force-activatable conduction apparatus
US20120157993A1 (en) 2010-12-15 2012-06-21 Jenson Mark L Bipolar Off-Wall Electrode Device for Renal Nerve Ablation
US9113940B2 (en) 2011-01-14 2015-08-25 Covidien Lp Trigger lockout and kickback mechanism for surgical instruments
US9220561B2 (en) 2011-01-19 2015-12-29 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Guide-compatible large-electrode catheter for renal nerve ablation with reduced arterial injury
US8747401B2 (en) 2011-01-20 2014-06-10 Arthrocare Corporation Systems and methods for turbinate reduction
US9131597B2 (en) 2011-02-02 2015-09-08 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system and method for treating hard body tissue
US9168082B2 (en) 2011-02-09 2015-10-27 Arthrocare Corporation Fine dissection electrosurgical device
US9271784B2 (en) 2011-02-09 2016-03-01 Arthrocare Corporation Fine dissection electrosurgical device
US9408658B2 (en) 2011-02-24 2016-08-09 Nuortho Surgical, Inc. System and method for a physiochemical scalpel to eliminate biologic tissue over-resection and induce tissue healing
US9011428B2 (en) 2011-03-02 2015-04-21 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical device with internal digestor electrode
US9427281B2 (en) 2011-03-11 2016-08-30 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Bronchoscope-compatible catheter provided with electrosurgical device
US8858590B2 (en) 2011-03-14 2014-10-14 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Tissue manipulation devices
US8857693B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2014-10-14 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical instruments with lockable articulating end effector
US8540131B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2013-09-24 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical staple cartridges with tissue tethers for manipulating divided tissue and methods of using same
US8800841B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2014-08-12 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical staple cartridges
US8926598B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2015-01-06 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical instruments with articulatable and rotatable end effector
US9044229B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2015-06-02 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical fastener instruments
US9254142B2 (en) 2011-04-11 2016-02-09 Iogyn, Inc. Tissue extraction devices and methods
AU2012242851A1 (en) 2011-04-12 2013-10-17 Thermedical, Inc. Devices and methods for remote temperature monitoring in fluid enhanced ablation therapy
BR112013027794B1 (en) 2011-04-29 2020-12-15 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc CLAMP CARTRIDGE SET
US9345532B2 (en) 2011-05-13 2016-05-24 Broncus Medical Inc. Methods and devices for ablation of tissue
US8709034B2 (en) 2011-05-13 2014-04-29 Broncus Medical Inc. Methods and devices for diagnosing, monitoring, or treating medical conditions through an opening through an airway wall
US9072535B2 (en) 2011-05-27 2015-07-07 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling instruments with rotatable staple deployment arrangements
US11207064B2 (en) 2011-05-27 2021-12-28 Cilag Gmbh International Automated end effector component reloading system for use with a robotic system
WO2012170364A1 (en) 2011-06-10 2012-12-13 Medtronic, Inc. Wire electrode devices for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
US9339327B2 (en) 2011-06-28 2016-05-17 Aesculap Ag Electrosurgical tissue dissecting device
US9844384B2 (en) 2011-07-11 2017-12-19 Covidien Lp Stand alone energy-based tissue clips
AU2012283908B2 (en) 2011-07-20 2017-02-16 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Percutaneous devices and methods to visualize, target and ablate nerves
AU2012287189B2 (en) 2011-07-22 2016-10-06 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Nerve modulation system with a nerve modulation element positionable in a helical guide
US9439720B2 (en) 2011-09-01 2016-09-13 Iogyn, Inc. Tissue extraction devices and methods
US9198661B2 (en) 2011-09-06 2015-12-01 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Stapling instrument comprising a plurality of staple cartridges stored therein
US9788882B2 (en) 2011-09-08 2017-10-17 Arthrocare Corporation Plasma bipolar forceps
US9050084B2 (en) 2011-09-23 2015-06-09 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Staple cartridge including collapsible deck arrangement
US9750565B2 (en) 2011-09-30 2017-09-05 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Electrosurgical balloons
CN104135960B (en) 2011-10-07 2017-06-06 埃杰亚医疗公司 A kind of uterine therapy device
US9186210B2 (en) 2011-10-10 2015-11-17 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical devices including ablation electrodes
US9420955B2 (en) 2011-10-11 2016-08-23 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Intravascular temperature monitoring system and method
WO2013055815A1 (en) 2011-10-11 2013-04-18 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Off -wall electrode device for nerve modulation
US9364284B2 (en) 2011-10-12 2016-06-14 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Method of making an off-wall spacer cage
EP2768563B1 (en) 2011-10-18 2016-11-09 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Deflectable medical devices
EP2768568B1 (en) 2011-10-18 2020-05-06 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Integrated crossing balloon catheter
US8870864B2 (en) 2011-10-28 2014-10-28 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Single instrument electrosurgery apparatus and its method of use
CN104023662B (en) 2011-11-08 2018-02-09 波士顿科学西美德公司 Hole portion renal nerve melts
US9119600B2 (en) 2011-11-15 2015-09-01 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Device and methods for renal nerve modulation monitoring
US9119632B2 (en) 2011-11-21 2015-09-01 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Deflectable renal nerve ablation catheter
WO2013078235A1 (en) 2011-11-23 2013-05-30 Broncus Medical Inc Methods and devices for diagnosing, monitoring, or treating medical conditions through an opening through an airway wall
US9265969B2 (en) 2011-12-21 2016-02-23 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Methods for modulating cell function
EP3138521B1 (en) 2011-12-23 2019-05-29 Vessix Vascular, Inc. Apparatuses for remodeling tissue of or adjacent to a body passage
US9433760B2 (en) 2011-12-28 2016-09-06 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Device and methods for nerve modulation using a novel ablation catheter with polymeric ablative elements
US9050106B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2015-06-09 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Off-wall electrode device and methods for nerve modulation
US9439677B2 (en) 2012-01-20 2016-09-13 Iogyn, Inc. Medical device and methods
US9044230B2 (en) 2012-02-13 2015-06-02 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical cutting and fastening instrument with apparatus for determining cartridge and firing motion status
CN110623765A (en) 2012-03-22 2019-12-31 索南多股份有限公司 Apparatus and method for cleaning teeth
US9078653B2 (en) 2012-03-26 2015-07-14 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical stapling device with lockout system for preventing actuation in the absence of an installed staple cartridge
MX353040B (en) 2012-03-28 2017-12-18 Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc Retainer assembly including a tissue thickness compensator.
RU2014143258A (en) 2012-03-28 2016-05-20 Этикон Эндо-Серджери, Инк. FABRIC THICKNESS COMPENSATOR CONTAINING MANY LAYERS
US9198662B2 (en) 2012-03-28 2015-12-01 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Tissue thickness compensator having improved visibility
CN104334098B (en) 2012-03-28 2017-03-22 伊西康内外科公司 Tissue thickness compensator comprising capsules defining a low pressure environment
US9044238B2 (en) 2012-04-10 2015-06-02 Covidien Lp Electrosurgical monopolar apparatus with arc energy vascular coagulation control
US10631962B2 (en) 2012-04-13 2020-04-28 Sonendo, Inc. Apparatus and methods for cleaning teeth and gingival pockets
WO2013169927A1 (en) 2012-05-08 2013-11-14 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Renal nerve modulation devices
GB201210298D0 (en) 2012-06-12 2012-07-25 Gyrus Medical Ltd Electrosurgical instrument & system
US9226792B2 (en) 2012-06-12 2016-01-05 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Debridement device and method
US9101358B2 (en) 2012-06-15 2015-08-11 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Articulatable surgical instrument comprising a firing drive
US8747238B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2014-06-10 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Rotary drive shaft assemblies for surgical instruments with articulatable end effectors
US9282974B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2016-03-15 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Empty clip cartridge lockout
US9561038B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2017-02-07 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Interchangeable clip applier
US20140001231A1 (en) 2012-06-28 2014-01-02 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Firing system lockout arrangements for surgical instruments
US9289256B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2016-03-22 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Surgical end effectors having angled tissue-contacting surfaces
US9125662B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2015-09-08 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Multi-axis articulating and rotating surgical tools
US20140005718A1 (en) 2012-06-28 2014-01-02 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Multi-functional powered surgical device with external dissection features
BR112014032776B1 (en) 2012-06-28 2021-09-08 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SYSTEM AND SURGICAL KIT FOR USE WITH A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SYSTEM
US9119657B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2015-09-01 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Rotary actuatable closure arrangement for surgical end effector
US11202631B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2021-12-21 Cilag Gmbh International Stapling assembly comprising a firing lockout
US9028494B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2015-05-12 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Interchangeable end effector coupling arrangement
US9408606B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2016-08-09 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Robotically powered surgical device with manually-actuatable reversing system
US9101385B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2015-08-11 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Electrode connections for rotary driven surgical tools
US9072536B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2015-07-07 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Differential locking arrangements for rotary powered surgical instruments
JP6290201B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2018-03-07 エシコン・エンド−サージェリィ・インコーポレイテッドEthicon Endo−Surgery,Inc. Lockout for empty clip cartridge
US10022176B2 (en) 2012-08-15 2018-07-17 Thermedical, Inc. Low profile fluid enhanced ablation therapy devices and methods
US9700310B2 (en) 2013-08-23 2017-07-11 Ethicon Llc Firing member retraction devices for powered surgical instruments
WO2014032016A1 (en) 2012-08-24 2014-02-27 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Intravascular catheter with a balloon comprising separate microporous regions
CN104780859B (en) 2012-09-17 2017-07-25 波士顿科学西美德公司 Self-positioning electrode system and method for renal regulation
WO2014047454A2 (en) 2012-09-21 2014-03-27 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Self-cooling ultrasound ablation catheter
WO2014047411A1 (en) 2012-09-21 2014-03-27 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. System for nerve modulation and innocuous thermal gradient nerve block
KR102174907B1 (en) 2012-09-26 2020-11-05 아에스쿨랍 아게 Apparatus for tissue cutting and sealing
US11234760B2 (en) 2012-10-05 2022-02-01 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Electrosurgical device for cutting and removing tissue
US10835305B2 (en) 2012-10-10 2020-11-17 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Renal nerve modulation devices and methods
US9386985B2 (en) 2012-10-15 2016-07-12 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Surgical cutting instrument
DE102012220682A1 (en) * 2012-11-13 2014-05-28 Olympus Winter & Ibe Gmbh Bipolar coagulation and cutting electrode
US9579142B1 (en) 2012-12-13 2017-02-28 Nuortho Surgical Inc. Multi-function RF-probe with dual electrode positioning
US9364277B2 (en) 2012-12-13 2016-06-14 Cook Medical Technologies Llc RF energy controller and method for electrosurgical medical devices
US9204921B2 (en) 2012-12-13 2015-12-08 Cook Medical Technologies Llc RF energy controller and method for electrosurgical medical devices
EP3572036B1 (en) 2012-12-20 2021-05-26 Sonendo, Inc. Apparatus for cleaning teeth and root canals
US10363120B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2019-07-30 Sonendo, Inc. Apparatus and methods for cleaning teeth and root canals
US9144460B2 (en) * 2012-12-31 2015-09-29 Biosense Webster (Israel) Ltd. Catheter with direct cooling on nonablating element
US9254166B2 (en) 2013-01-17 2016-02-09 Arthrocare Corporation Systems and methods for turbinate reduction
EP3964151A3 (en) 2013-01-17 2022-03-30 Virender K. Sharma Apparatus for tissue ablation
US9386984B2 (en) 2013-02-08 2016-07-12 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Staple cartridge comprising a releasable cover
US10092292B2 (en) 2013-02-28 2018-10-09 Ethicon Llc Staple forming features for surgical stapling instrument
JP6382235B2 (en) 2013-03-01 2018-08-29 エシコン・エンド−サージェリィ・インコーポレイテッドEthicon Endo−Surgery,Inc. Articulatable surgical instrument with a conductive path for signal communication
JP6345707B2 (en) 2013-03-01 2018-06-20 エシコン・エンド−サージェリィ・インコーポレイテッドEthicon Endo−Surgery,Inc. Surgical instrument with soft stop
US9326767B2 (en) 2013-03-01 2016-05-03 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Joystick switch assemblies for surgical instruments
US9713489B2 (en) 2013-03-07 2017-07-25 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical methods and systems
US9693818B2 (en) 2013-03-07 2017-07-04 Arthrocare Corporation Methods and systems related to electrosurgical wands
WO2014163987A1 (en) 2013-03-11 2014-10-09 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical devices for modulating nerves
US9693821B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2017-07-04 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical devices for modulating nerves
US9801678B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2017-10-31 Arthrocare Corporation Method and system of controlling conductive fluid flow during an electrosurgical procedure
US9345481B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2016-05-24 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Staple cartridge tissue thickness sensor system
US9808311B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2017-11-07 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Deflectable medical devices
US9687230B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2017-06-27 Ethicon Llc Articulatable surgical instrument comprising a firing drive
US9629629B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2017-04-25 Ethicon Endo-Surgey, LLC Control systems for surgical instruments
US9610396B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-04-04 Thermedical, Inc. Systems and methods for visualizing fluid enhanced ablation therapy
JP6220044B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-10-25 ボストン サイエンティフィック サイムド,インコーポレイテッドBoston Scientific Scimed,Inc. Medical device for renal nerve ablation
US10265122B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2019-04-23 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Nerve ablation devices and related methods of use
AU2014237950B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-04-13 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Control unit for use with electrode pads and a method for estimating an electrical leakage
US9033972B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-05-19 Thermedical, Inc. Methods and devices for fluid enhanced microwave ablation therapy
US9572577B2 (en) 2013-03-27 2017-02-21 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Fastener cartridge comprising a tissue thickness compensator including openings therein
US9332984B2 (en) 2013-03-27 2016-05-10 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Fastener cartridge assemblies
US9795384B2 (en) 2013-03-27 2017-10-24 Ethicon Llc Fastener cartridge comprising a tissue thickness compensator and a gap setting element
BR112015026109B1 (en) 2013-04-16 2022-02-22 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc surgical instrument
US9649110B2 (en) 2013-04-16 2017-05-16 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument comprising a closing drive and a firing drive operated from the same rotatable output
EP2991576B1 (en) 2013-05-01 2022-12-28 Sonendo, Inc. Apparatus and system for treating teeth
US9574644B2 (en) 2013-05-30 2017-02-21 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Power module for use with a surgical instrument
WO2014205388A1 (en) 2013-06-21 2014-12-24 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Renal denervation balloon catheter with ride along electrode support
WO2014205399A1 (en) 2013-06-21 2014-12-24 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical devices for renal nerve ablation having rotatable shafts
US9707036B2 (en) 2013-06-25 2017-07-18 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Devices and methods for nerve modulation using localized indifferent electrodes
CA2911415A1 (en) 2013-06-26 2014-12-31 Sonendo, Inc. Apparatus and methods for filling teeth and root canals
EP3016605B1 (en) 2013-07-01 2019-06-05 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical devices for renal nerve ablation
US10660698B2 (en) 2013-07-11 2020-05-26 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Devices and methods for nerve modulation
CN105377170A (en) 2013-07-11 2016-03-02 波士顿科学国际有限公司 Medical device with stretchable electrode assemblies
CN105682594B (en) 2013-07-19 2018-06-22 波士顿科学国际有限公司 Helical bipolar electrodes renal denervation dominates air bag
WO2015013205A1 (en) 2013-07-22 2015-01-29 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical devices for renal nerve ablation
WO2015013301A1 (en) 2013-07-22 2015-01-29 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Renal nerve ablation catheter having twist balloon
US9872719B2 (en) 2013-07-24 2018-01-23 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for generating electrosurgical energy using a multistage power converter
US9636165B2 (en) 2013-07-29 2017-05-02 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for measuring tissue impedance through an electrosurgical cable
WO2015017992A1 (en) 2013-08-07 2015-02-12 Covidien Lp Surgical forceps
EP4049605A1 (en) 2013-08-22 2022-08-31 Boston Scientific Scimed Inc. Flexible circuit having improved adhesion to a renal nerve modulation balloon
MX369362B (en) 2013-08-23 2019-11-06 Ethicon Endo Surgery Llc Firing member retraction devices for powered surgical instruments.
CN105555218B (en) 2013-09-04 2019-01-15 波士顿科学国际有限公司 With radio frequency (RF) foley's tube rinsed with cooling capacity
US20140171986A1 (en) 2013-09-13 2014-06-19 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical Clip Having Comliant Portion
CN105530885B (en) 2013-09-13 2020-09-22 波士顿科学国际有限公司 Ablation balloon with vapor deposited covering
US9579117B2 (en) 2013-09-25 2017-02-28 Covidien Lp Multi-function surgical instruments
US10631914B2 (en) 2013-09-30 2020-04-28 Covidien Lp Bipolar electrosurgical instrument with movable electrode and related systems and methods
US9687166B2 (en) 2013-10-14 2017-06-27 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. High resolution cardiac mapping electrode array catheter
US11246654B2 (en) 2013-10-14 2022-02-15 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Flexible renal nerve ablation devices and related methods of use and manufacture
CN105636537B (en) 2013-10-15 2018-08-17 波士顿科学国际有限公司 Medical instrument sacculus
US9770606B2 (en) 2013-10-15 2017-09-26 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Ultrasound ablation catheter with cooling infusion and centering basket
GB201318204D0 (en) 2013-10-15 2013-11-27 Gyrus Medical Ltd Electrosurgical electrode & instrument
EP3057521B1 (en) 2013-10-18 2020-03-25 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Balloon catheters with flexible conducting wires
US10271898B2 (en) 2013-10-25 2019-04-30 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Embedded thermocouple in denervation flex circuit
RU2016129258A (en) 2013-12-20 2018-01-25 Артрокер Корпорейшн RECOVERY OF FABRIC WITH SURFACE MATERIAL FULLY WITHOUT NODES
US9839428B2 (en) 2013-12-23 2017-12-12 Ethicon Llc Surgical cutting and stapling instruments with independent jaw control features
US10314647B2 (en) 2013-12-23 2019-06-11 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Electrosurgical cutting instrument
US9642620B2 (en) 2013-12-23 2017-05-09 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Surgical cutting and stapling instruments with articulatable end effectors
US9681870B2 (en) 2013-12-23 2017-06-20 Ethicon Llc Articulatable surgical instruments with separate and distinct closing and firing systems
US9724092B2 (en) 2013-12-23 2017-08-08 Ethicon Llc Modular surgical instruments
US20150173756A1 (en) 2013-12-23 2015-06-25 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical cutting and stapling methods
US9968354B2 (en) 2013-12-23 2018-05-15 Ethicon Llc Surgical staples and methods for making the same
CN105899157B (en) 2014-01-06 2019-08-09 波士顿科学国际有限公司 Tear-proof flexible circuit assembly
US11000679B2 (en) 2014-02-04 2021-05-11 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Balloon protection and rewrapping devices and related methods of use
CN106572881B (en) 2014-02-04 2019-07-26 波士顿科学国际有限公司 Substitution of the heat sensor on bipolar electrode is placed
US9962161B2 (en) 2014-02-12 2018-05-08 Ethicon Llc Deliverable surgical instrument
US10420607B2 (en) 2014-02-14 2019-09-24 Arthrocare Corporation Methods and systems related to an electrosurgical controller
US20140166725A1 (en) 2014-02-24 2014-06-19 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Staple cartridge including a barbed staple.
JP6462004B2 (en) 2014-02-24 2019-01-30 エシコン エルエルシー Fastening system with launcher lockout
US10813686B2 (en) 2014-02-26 2020-10-27 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Electrosurgical cutting instrument
US9526556B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2016-12-27 Arthrocare Corporation Systems and methods systems related to electrosurgical wands with screen electrodes
BR112016021943B1 (en) 2014-03-26 2022-06-14 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc SURGICAL INSTRUMENT FOR USE BY AN OPERATOR IN A SURGICAL PROCEDURE
US20150272557A1 (en) 2014-03-26 2015-10-01 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Modular surgical instrument system
US9913642B2 (en) 2014-03-26 2018-03-13 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument comprising a sensor system
US10013049B2 (en) 2014-03-26 2018-07-03 Ethicon Llc Power management through sleep options of segmented circuit and wake up control
US20150272571A1 (en) 2014-03-26 2015-10-01 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical instrument utilizing sensor adaptation
US10299792B2 (en) 2014-04-16 2019-05-28 Ethicon Llc Fastener cartridge comprising non-uniform fasteners
JP6636452B2 (en) 2014-04-16 2020-01-29 エシコン エルエルシーEthicon LLC Fastener cartridge including extension having different configurations
US20150297223A1 (en) 2014-04-16 2015-10-22 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Fastener cartridges including extensions having different configurations
BR112016023807B1 (en) 2014-04-16 2022-07-12 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc CARTRIDGE SET OF FASTENERS FOR USE WITH A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT
CN106456158B (en) 2014-04-16 2019-02-05 伊西康内外科有限责任公司 Fastener cartridge including non-uniform fastener
US10327764B2 (en) 2014-09-26 2019-06-25 Ethicon Llc Method for creating a flexible staple line
US20150324317A1 (en) 2014-05-07 2015-11-12 Covidien Lp Authentication and information system for reusable surgical instruments
KR102537276B1 (en) 2014-05-16 2023-05-26 어플라이드 메디컬 리소시스 코포레이션 Electrosurgical system
US10179019B2 (en) 2014-05-22 2019-01-15 Aegea Medical Inc. Integrity testing method and apparatus for delivering vapor to the uterus
WO2015179666A1 (en) 2014-05-22 2015-11-26 Aegea Medical Inc. Systems and methods for performing endometrial ablation
AU2015266619B2 (en) 2014-05-30 2020-02-06 Applied Medical Resources Corporation Electrosurgical instrument for fusing and cutting tissue and an electrosurgical generator
US10045781B2 (en) 2014-06-13 2018-08-14 Ethicon Llc Closure lockout systems for surgical instruments
US9974599B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2018-05-22 Medtronic Ps Medical, Inc. Multipurpose electrosurgical device
US10111679B2 (en) 2014-09-05 2018-10-30 Ethicon Llc Circuitry and sensors for powered medical device
BR112017004361B1 (en) 2014-09-05 2023-04-11 Ethicon Llc ELECTRONIC SYSTEM FOR A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT
US11311294B2 (en) 2014-09-05 2022-04-26 Cilag Gmbh International Powered medical device including measurement of closure state of jaws
US9918785B2 (en) 2014-09-17 2018-03-20 Covidien Lp Deployment mechanisms for surgical instruments
US9987076B2 (en) 2014-09-17 2018-06-05 Covidien Lp Multi-function surgical instruments
US10039592B2 (en) 2014-09-17 2018-08-07 Covidien Lp Deployment mechanisms for surgical instruments
US9974603B2 (en) 2014-09-17 2018-05-22 Covidien Lp Surgical instrument having a bipolar end effector assembly and a deployable monopolar assembly
US10080605B2 (en) 2014-09-17 2018-09-25 Covidien Lp Deployment mechanisms for surgical instruments
US10105142B2 (en) 2014-09-18 2018-10-23 Ethicon Llc Surgical stapler with plurality of cutting elements
US11523821B2 (en) 2014-09-26 2022-12-13 Cilag Gmbh International Method for creating a flexible staple line
MX2017003960A (en) 2014-09-26 2017-12-04 Ethicon Llc Surgical stapling buttresses and adjunct materials.
US10076325B2 (en) 2014-10-13 2018-09-18 Ethicon Llc Surgical stapling apparatus comprising a tissue stop
US9924944B2 (en) 2014-10-16 2018-03-27 Ethicon Llc Staple cartridge comprising an adjunct material
US11141153B2 (en) 2014-10-29 2021-10-12 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridges comprising driver arrangements
US10517594B2 (en) 2014-10-29 2019-12-31 Ethicon Llc Cartridge assemblies for surgical staplers
US9956029B2 (en) 2014-10-31 2018-05-01 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Telescoping device with saline irrigation line
WO2016070009A1 (en) 2014-10-31 2016-05-06 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Power monitoring circuitry and method for reducing leakage current in rf generators
US9844376B2 (en) 2014-11-06 2017-12-19 Ethicon Llc Staple cartridge comprising a releasable adjunct material
US10736636B2 (en) 2014-12-10 2020-08-11 Ethicon Llc Articulatable surgical instrument system
US9943309B2 (en) 2014-12-18 2018-04-17 Ethicon Llc Surgical instruments with articulatable end effectors and movable firing beam support arrangements
US10117649B2 (en) 2014-12-18 2018-11-06 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument assembly comprising a lockable articulation system
US9844374B2 (en) 2014-12-18 2017-12-19 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument systems comprising an articulatable end effector and means for adjusting the firing stroke of a firing member
US10188385B2 (en) 2014-12-18 2019-01-29 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument system comprising lockable systems
US9987000B2 (en) 2014-12-18 2018-06-05 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument assembly comprising a flexible articulation system
US10085748B2 (en) 2014-12-18 2018-10-02 Ethicon Llc Locking arrangements for detachable shaft assemblies with articulatable surgical end effectors
BR112017012996B1 (en) 2014-12-18 2022-11-08 Ethicon Llc SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH AN ANvil WHICH IS SELECTIVELY MOVABLE ABOUT AN IMMOVABLE GEOMETRIC AXIS DIFFERENT FROM A STAPLE CARTRIDGE
US9844375B2 (en) 2014-12-18 2017-12-19 Ethicon Llc Drive arrangements for articulatable surgical instruments
US10420603B2 (en) 2014-12-23 2019-09-24 Applied Medical Resources Corporation Bipolar electrosurgical sealer and divider
USD748259S1 (en) 2014-12-29 2016-01-26 Applied Medical Resources Corporation Electrosurgical instrument
US9113912B1 (en) 2015-01-21 2015-08-25 Serene Medical, Inc. Systems and devices to identify and limit nerve conduction
US9119628B1 (en) 2015-01-21 2015-09-01 Serene Medical, Inc. Systems and devices to identify and limit nerve conduction
US10376302B2 (en) 2015-02-18 2019-08-13 Medtronic Xomed, Inc. Rotating electrical connector for RF energy enabled tissue debridement device
WO2016134156A1 (en) 2015-02-18 2016-08-25 Medtronic Xomed, Inc. Rf energy enabled tissue debridement device
US10188456B2 (en) 2015-02-18 2019-01-29 Medtronic Xomed, Inc. Electrode assembly for RF energy enabled tissue debridement device
US10180463B2 (en) 2015-02-27 2019-01-15 Ethicon Llc Surgical apparatus configured to assess whether a performance parameter of the surgical apparatus is within an acceptable performance band
US10226250B2 (en) 2015-02-27 2019-03-12 Ethicon Llc Modular stapling assembly
US11154301B2 (en) 2015-02-27 2021-10-26 Cilag Gmbh International Modular stapling assembly
US20160249910A1 (en) 2015-02-27 2016-09-01 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Surgical charging system that charges and/or conditions one or more batteries
US10045776B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2018-08-14 Ethicon Llc Control techniques and sub-processor contained within modular shaft with select control processing from handle
US10687806B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2020-06-23 Ethicon Llc Adaptive tissue compression techniques to adjust closure rates for multiple tissue types
JP2020121162A (en) 2015-03-06 2020-08-13 エシコン エルエルシーEthicon LLC Time dependent evaluation of sensor data to determine stability element, creep element and viscoelastic element of measurement
US9901342B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2018-02-27 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Signal and power communication system positioned on a rotatable shaft
US10617412B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2020-04-14 Ethicon Llc System for detecting the mis-insertion of a staple cartridge into a surgical stapler
US10548504B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2020-02-04 Ethicon Llc Overlaid multi sensor radio frequency (RF) electrode system to measure tissue compression
US10245033B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2019-04-02 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument comprising a lockable battery housing
US9924961B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2018-03-27 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Interactive feedback system for powered surgical instruments
US9808246B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2017-11-07 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Method of operating a powered surgical instrument
US9895148B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2018-02-20 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Monitoring speed control and precision incrementing of motor for powered surgical instruments
US9993248B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2018-06-12 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Smart sensors with local signal processing
US10213201B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2019-02-26 Ethicon Llc Stapling end effector configured to compensate for an uneven gap between a first jaw and a second jaw
US10335149B2 (en) 2015-06-18 2019-07-02 Ethicon Llc Articulatable surgical instruments with composite firing beam structures with center firing support member for articulation support
USD844138S1 (en) 2015-07-17 2019-03-26 Covidien Lp Handle assembly of a multi-function surgical instrument
USD844139S1 (en) 2015-07-17 2019-03-26 Covidien Lp Monopolar assembly of a multi-function surgical instrument
US10835249B2 (en) 2015-08-17 2020-11-17 Ethicon Llc Implantable layers for a surgical instrument
US11389227B2 (en) 2015-08-20 2022-07-19 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Electrosurgical device with multivariate control
US11051875B2 (en) 2015-08-24 2021-07-06 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Multipurpose electrosurgical device
US10213203B2 (en) 2015-08-26 2019-02-26 Ethicon Llc Staple cartridge assembly without a bottom cover
CN108348233B (en) 2015-08-26 2021-05-07 伊西康有限责任公司 Surgical staple strip for allowing changing staple characteristics and achieving easy cartridge loading
US10238390B2 (en) 2015-09-02 2019-03-26 Ethicon Llc Surgical staple cartridges with driver arrangements for establishing herringbone staple patterns
MX2022006191A (en) 2015-09-02 2022-06-16 Ethicon Llc Surgical staple configurations with camming surfaces located between portions supporting surgical staples.
US10076326B2 (en) 2015-09-23 2018-09-18 Ethicon Llc Surgical stapler having current mirror-based motor control
US10085751B2 (en) 2015-09-23 2018-10-02 Ethicon Llc Surgical stapler having temperature-based motor control
US10105139B2 (en) 2015-09-23 2018-10-23 Ethicon Llc Surgical stapler having downstream current-based motor control
US10327769B2 (en) 2015-09-23 2019-06-25 Ethicon Llc Surgical stapler having motor control based on a drive system component
US10363036B2 (en) 2015-09-23 2019-07-30 Ethicon Llc Surgical stapler having force-based motor control
US10238386B2 (en) 2015-09-23 2019-03-26 Ethicon Llc Surgical stapler having motor control based on an electrical parameter related to a motor current
US10299878B2 (en) 2015-09-25 2019-05-28 Ethicon Llc Implantable adjunct systems for determining adjunct skew
US11890015B2 (en) 2015-09-30 2024-02-06 Cilag Gmbh International Compressible adjunct with crossing spacer fibers
US10736633B2 (en) 2015-09-30 2020-08-11 Ethicon Llc Compressible adjunct with looping members
US10478188B2 (en) 2015-09-30 2019-11-19 Ethicon Llc Implantable layer comprising a constricted configuration
US10980539B2 (en) 2015-09-30 2021-04-20 Ethicon Llc Implantable adjunct comprising bonded layers
US10213250B2 (en) 2015-11-05 2019-02-26 Covidien Lp Deployment and safety mechanisms for surgical instruments
US10716612B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2020-07-21 Medtronic Advanced Energy Llc Electrosurgical device with multiple monopolar electrode assembly
US10292704B2 (en) 2015-12-30 2019-05-21 Ethicon Llc Mechanisms for compensating for battery pack failure in powered surgical instruments
US10368865B2 (en) 2015-12-30 2019-08-06 Ethicon Llc Mechanisms for compensating for drivetrain failure in powered surgical instruments
US10265068B2 (en) 2015-12-30 2019-04-23 Ethicon Llc Surgical instruments with separable motors and motor control circuits
JP6911054B2 (en) 2016-02-09 2021-07-28 エシコン エルエルシーEthicon LLC Surgical instruments with asymmetric joint composition
US10588625B2 (en) 2016-02-09 2020-03-17 Ethicon Llc Articulatable surgical instruments with off-axis firing beam arrangements
US11213293B2 (en) 2016-02-09 2022-01-04 Cilag Gmbh International Articulatable surgical instruments with single articulation link arrangements
US10448948B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2019-10-22 Ethicon Llc Mechanisms for compensating for drivetrain failure in powered surgical instruments
US10258331B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2019-04-16 Ethicon Llc Mechanisms for compensating for drivetrain failure in powered surgical instruments
US11224426B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2022-01-18 Cilag Gmbh International Mechanisms for compensating for drivetrain failure in powered surgical instruments
CN114983553A (en) 2016-02-19 2022-09-02 埃杰亚医疗公司 Method and apparatus for determining the integrity of a body cavity
US10537381B2 (en) 2016-02-26 2020-01-21 Covidien Lp Surgical instrument having a bipolar end effector assembly and a deployable monopolar assembly
US10531874B2 (en) 2016-04-01 2020-01-14 Ethicon Llc Surgical cutting and stapling end effector with anvil concentric drive member
US11045191B2 (en) 2016-04-01 2021-06-29 Cilag Gmbh International Method for operating a surgical stapling system
US11284890B2 (en) 2016-04-01 2022-03-29 Cilag Gmbh International Circular stapling system comprising an incisable tissue support
US11064997B2 (en) 2016-04-01 2021-07-20 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical stapling instrument
US10617413B2 (en) 2016-04-01 2020-04-14 Ethicon Llc Closure system arrangements for surgical cutting and stapling devices with separate and distinct firing shafts
US10806544B2 (en) 2016-04-04 2020-10-20 Sonendo, Inc. Systems and methods for removing foreign objects from root canals
US10405859B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2019-09-10 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument with adjustable stop/start control during a firing motion
US10828028B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2020-11-10 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument with multiple program responses during a firing motion
US10456137B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2019-10-29 Ethicon Llc Staple formation detection mechanisms
US10426467B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2019-10-01 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument with detection sensors
US11607239B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2023-03-21 Cilag Gmbh International Systems and methods for controlling a surgical stapling and cutting instrument
US10492783B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2019-12-03 Ethicon, Llc Surgical instrument with improved stop/start control during a firing motion
US10357247B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2019-07-23 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument with multiple program responses during a firing motion
US10335145B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2019-07-02 Ethicon Llc Modular surgical instrument with configurable operating mode
US11179150B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2021-11-23 Cilag Gmbh International Systems and methods for controlling a surgical stapling and cutting instrument
US11317917B2 (en) 2016-04-18 2022-05-03 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical stapling system comprising a lockable firing assembly
US20170296173A1 (en) 2016-04-18 2017-10-19 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Method for operating a surgical instrument
US10433840B2 (en) 2016-04-18 2019-10-08 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument comprising a replaceable cartridge jaw
US11331140B2 (en) 2016-05-19 2022-05-17 Aqua Heart, Inc. Heated vapor ablation systems and methods for treating cardiac conditions
USD826405S1 (en) 2016-06-24 2018-08-21 Ethicon Llc Surgical fastener
USD847989S1 (en) 2016-06-24 2019-05-07 Ethicon Llc Surgical fastener cartridge
US10675024B2 (en) 2016-06-24 2020-06-09 Ethicon Llc Staple cartridge comprising overdriven staples
USD850617S1 (en) 2016-06-24 2019-06-04 Ethicon Llc Surgical fastener cartridge
JP6957532B2 (en) 2016-06-24 2021-11-02 エシコン エルエルシーEthicon LLC Staple cartridges including wire staples and punched staples
US10856933B2 (en) 2016-08-02 2020-12-08 Covidien Lp Surgical instrument housing incorporating a channel and methods of manufacturing the same
US9743984B1 (en) 2016-08-11 2017-08-29 Thermedical, Inc. Devices and methods for delivering fluid to tissue during ablation therapy
US10918407B2 (en) 2016-11-08 2021-02-16 Covidien Lp Surgical instrument for grasping, treating, and/or dividing tissue
US11717337B2 (en) * 2016-11-29 2023-08-08 St. Jude Medical, Cardiology Division, Inc. Electroporation systems and catheters for electroporation systems
US10945727B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2021-03-16 Ethicon Llc Staple cartridge with deformable driver retention features
US20180168598A1 (en) 2016-12-21 2018-06-21 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Staple forming pocket arrangements comprising zoned forming surface grooves
US10524789B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2020-01-07 Ethicon Llc Laterally actuatable articulation lock arrangements for locking an end effector of a surgical instrument in an articulated configuration
US10993715B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2021-05-04 Ethicon Llc Staple cartridge comprising staples with different clamping breadths
US20180168608A1 (en) 2016-12-21 2018-06-21 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Surgical instrument system comprising an end effector lockout and a firing assembly lockout
US11134942B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2021-10-05 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical stapling instruments and staple-forming anvils
US10687810B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2020-06-23 Ethicon Llc Stepped staple cartridge with tissue retention and gap setting features
US10835246B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2020-11-17 Ethicon Llc Staple cartridges and arrangements of staples and staple cavities therein
US10588632B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2020-03-17 Ethicon Llc Surgical end effectors and firing members thereof
US10675025B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2020-06-09 Ethicon Llc Shaft assembly comprising separately actuatable and retractable systems
US10588631B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2020-03-17 Ethicon Llc Surgical instruments with positive jaw opening features
US20180168615A1 (en) 2016-12-21 2018-06-21 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Method of deforming staples from two different types of staple cartridges with the same surgical stapling instrument
US10485543B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2019-11-26 Ethicon Llc Anvil having a knife slot width
US11419606B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2022-08-23 Cilag Gmbh International Shaft assembly comprising a clutch configured to adapt the output of a rotary firing member to two different systems
US10888322B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2021-01-12 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument comprising a cutting member
US10426471B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2019-10-01 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument with multiple failure response modes
US20180168625A1 (en) 2016-12-21 2018-06-21 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Surgical stapling instruments with smart staple cartridges
JP7010956B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2022-01-26 エシコン エルエルシー How to staple tissue
JP6983893B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2021-12-17 エシコン エルエルシーEthicon LLC Lockout configuration for surgical end effectors and replaceable tool assemblies
US20180168647A1 (en) 2016-12-21 2018-06-21 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc Surgical stapling instruments having end effectors with positive opening features
US10980536B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2021-04-20 Ethicon Llc No-cartridge and spent cartridge lockout arrangements for surgical staplers
US10675026B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2020-06-09 Ethicon Llc Methods of stapling tissue
JP2020501779A (en) 2016-12-21 2020-01-23 エシコン エルエルシーEthicon LLC Surgical stapling system
US11684367B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2023-06-27 Cilag Gmbh International Stepped assembly having and end-of-life indicator
EP3606457A4 (en) 2017-04-03 2021-04-21 Broncus Medical Inc. Electrosurgical access sheath
US11166759B2 (en) 2017-05-16 2021-11-09 Covidien Lp Surgical forceps
US10624633B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2020-04-21 Ethicon Llc Systems and methods for controlling motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument
US10327767B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2019-06-25 Ethicon Llc Control of motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument based on angle of articulation
USD890784S1 (en) 2017-06-20 2020-07-21 Ethicon Llc Display panel with changeable graphical user interface
US10646220B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2020-05-12 Ethicon Llc Systems and methods for controlling displacement member velocity for a surgical instrument
US10980537B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2021-04-20 Ethicon Llc Closed loop feedback control of motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument based on measured time over a specified number of shaft rotations
US10307170B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2019-06-04 Ethicon Llc Method for closed loop control of motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument
US11653914B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2023-05-23 Cilag Gmbh International Systems and methods for controlling motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument according to articulation angle of end effector
US11071554B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2021-07-27 Cilag Gmbh International Closed loop feedback control of motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument based on magnitude of velocity error measurements
US10390841B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2019-08-27 Ethicon Llc Control of motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument based on angle of articulation
USD879808S1 (en) 2017-06-20 2020-03-31 Ethicon Llc Display panel with graphical user interface
US11517325B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2022-12-06 Cilag Gmbh International Closed loop feedback control of motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument based on measured displacement distance traveled over a specified time interval
US10888321B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2021-01-12 Ethicon Llc Systems and methods for controlling velocity of a displacement member of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument
US10779820B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2020-09-22 Ethicon Llc Systems and methods for controlling motor speed according to user input for a surgical instrument
US10368864B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2019-08-06 Ethicon Llc Systems and methods for controlling displaying motor velocity for a surgical instrument
US10813639B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2020-10-27 Ethicon Llc Closed loop feedback control of motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument based on system conditions
USD879809S1 (en) 2017-06-20 2020-03-31 Ethicon Llc Display panel with changeable graphical user interface
US10881399B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2021-01-05 Ethicon Llc Techniques for adaptive control of motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument
US11090046B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2021-08-17 Cilag Gmbh International Systems and methods for controlling displacement member motion of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument
US10881396B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2021-01-05 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument with variable duration trigger arrangement
US11382638B2 (en) 2017-06-20 2022-07-12 Cilag Gmbh International Closed loop feedback control of motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument based on measured time over a specified displacement distance
US10856869B2 (en) 2017-06-27 2020-12-08 Ethicon Llc Surgical anvil arrangements
US10993716B2 (en) 2017-06-27 2021-05-04 Ethicon Llc Surgical anvil arrangements
US11324503B2 (en) 2017-06-27 2022-05-10 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical firing member arrangements
US10772629B2 (en) 2017-06-27 2020-09-15 Ethicon Llc Surgical anvil arrangements
US11266405B2 (en) 2017-06-27 2022-03-08 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical anvil manufacturing methods
US11141154B2 (en) 2017-06-27 2021-10-12 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical end effectors and anvils
US11564686B2 (en) 2017-06-28 2023-01-31 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical shaft assemblies with flexible interfaces
US20190000461A1 (en) 2017-06-28 2019-01-03 Ethicon Llc Surgical cutting and fastening devices with pivotable anvil with a tissue locating arrangement in close proximity to an anvil pivot axis
US10716614B2 (en) 2017-06-28 2020-07-21 Ethicon Llc Surgical shaft assemblies with slip ring assemblies with increased contact pressure
US10765427B2 (en) 2017-06-28 2020-09-08 Ethicon Llc Method for articulating a surgical instrument
EP4070740A1 (en) 2017-06-28 2022-10-12 Cilag GmbH International Surgical instrument comprising selectively actuatable rotatable couplers
US10211586B2 (en) 2017-06-28 2019-02-19 Ethicon Llc Surgical shaft assemblies with watertight housings
USD854151S1 (en) 2017-06-28 2019-07-16 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument shaft
US10903685B2 (en) 2017-06-28 2021-01-26 Ethicon Llc Surgical shaft assemblies with slip ring assemblies forming capacitive channels
USD851762S1 (en) 2017-06-28 2019-06-18 Ethicon Llc Anvil
USD906355S1 (en) 2017-06-28 2020-12-29 Ethicon Llc Display screen or portion thereof with a graphical user interface for a surgical instrument
US11058424B2 (en) 2017-06-28 2021-07-13 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising an offset articulation joint
US11246592B2 (en) 2017-06-28 2022-02-15 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising an articulation system lockable to a frame
USD869655S1 (en) 2017-06-28 2019-12-10 Ethicon Llc Surgical fastener cartridge
US11259805B2 (en) 2017-06-28 2022-03-01 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising firing member supports
US10932772B2 (en) 2017-06-29 2021-03-02 Ethicon Llc Methods for closed loop velocity control for robotic surgical instrument
US10258418B2 (en) 2017-06-29 2019-04-16 Ethicon Llc System for controlling articulation forces
US10898183B2 (en) 2017-06-29 2021-01-26 Ethicon Llc Robotic surgical instrument with closed loop feedback techniques for advancement of closure member during firing
US10398434B2 (en) 2017-06-29 2019-09-03 Ethicon Llc Closed loop velocity control of closure member for robotic surgical instrument
US11007022B2 (en) 2017-06-29 2021-05-18 Ethicon Llc Closed loop velocity control techniques based on sensed tissue parameters for robotic surgical instrument
US11471155B2 (en) 2017-08-03 2022-10-18 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical system bailout
US11304695B2 (en) 2017-08-03 2022-04-19 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical system shaft interconnection
US11154348B2 (en) 2017-08-29 2021-10-26 Covidien Lp Surgical instruments and methods of assembling surgical instruments
US10796471B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2020-10-06 Ethicon Llc Systems and methods of displaying a knife position for a surgical instrument
US10729501B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2020-08-04 Ethicon Llc Systems and methods for language selection of a surgical instrument
USD917500S1 (en) 2017-09-29 2021-04-27 Ethicon Llc Display screen or portion thereof with graphical user interface
US10743872B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2020-08-18 Ethicon Llc System and methods for controlling a display of a surgical instrument
USD907648S1 (en) 2017-09-29 2021-01-12 Ethicon Llc Display screen or portion thereof with animated graphical user interface
US11399829B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2022-08-02 Cilag Gmbh International Systems and methods of initiating a power shutdown mode for a surgical instrument
USD907647S1 (en) 2017-09-29 2021-01-12 Ethicon Llc Display screen or portion thereof with animated graphical user interface
US10765429B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2020-09-08 Ethicon Llc Systems and methods for providing alerts according to the operational state of a surgical instrument
US11134944B2 (en) 2017-10-30 2021-10-05 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical stapler knife motion controls
US11090075B2 (en) 2017-10-30 2021-08-17 Cilag Gmbh International Articulation features for surgical end effector
US10842490B2 (en) 2017-10-31 2020-11-24 Ethicon Llc Cartridge body design with force reduction based on firing completion
US10779903B2 (en) 2017-10-31 2020-09-22 Ethicon Llc Positive shaft rotation lock activated by jaw closure
US10828033B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2020-11-10 Ethicon Llc Handheld electromechanical surgical instruments with improved motor control arrangements for positioning components of an adapter coupled thereto
US10743874B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2020-08-18 Ethicon Llc Sealed adapters for use with electromechanical surgical instruments
US10743875B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2020-08-18 Ethicon Llc Surgical end effectors with jaw stiffener arrangements configured to permit monitoring of firing member
US10779826B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2020-09-22 Ethicon Llc Methods of operating surgical end effectors
US10869666B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2020-12-22 Ethicon Llc Adapters with control systems for controlling multiple motors of an electromechanical surgical instrument
US11033267B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2021-06-15 Ethicon Llc Systems and methods of controlling a clamping member firing rate of a surgical instrument
US11006955B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2021-05-18 Ethicon Llc End effectors with positive jaw opening features for use with adapters for electromechanical surgical instruments
US10966718B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2021-04-06 Ethicon Llc Dynamic clamping assemblies with improved wear characteristics for use in connection with electromechanical surgical instruments
US11197670B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2021-12-14 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical end effectors with pivotal jaws configured to touch at their respective distal ends when fully closed
US11071543B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2021-07-27 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical end effectors with clamping assemblies configured to increase jaw aperture ranges
US10687813B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2020-06-23 Ethicon Llc Adapters with firing stroke sensing arrangements for use in connection with electromechanical surgical instruments
US10779825B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2020-09-22 Ethicon Llc Adapters with end effector position sensing and control arrangements for use in connection with electromechanical surgical instruments
US11045270B2 (en) 2017-12-19 2021-06-29 Cilag Gmbh International Robotic attachment comprising exterior drive actuator
US10729509B2 (en) 2017-12-19 2020-08-04 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument comprising closure and firing locking mechanism
US10716565B2 (en) 2017-12-19 2020-07-21 Ethicon Llc Surgical instruments with dual articulation drivers
US11020112B2 (en) 2017-12-19 2021-06-01 Ethicon Llc Surgical tools configured for interchangeable use with different controller interfaces
USD910847S1 (en) 2017-12-19 2021-02-16 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument assembly
US10835330B2 (en) 2017-12-19 2020-11-17 Ethicon Llc Method for determining the position of a rotatable jaw of a surgical instrument attachment assembly
US11129680B2 (en) 2017-12-21 2021-09-28 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising a projector
US11311290B2 (en) 2017-12-21 2022-04-26 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising an end effector dampener
US11076853B2 (en) 2017-12-21 2021-08-03 Cilag Gmbh International Systems and methods of displaying a knife position during transection for a surgical instrument
US10682134B2 (en) 2017-12-21 2020-06-16 Ethicon Llc Continuous use self-propelled stapling instrument
KR102035857B1 (en) * 2018-01-16 2019-10-24 주식회사 텍코드 Electrode needle tool kit for trans-sphenoidal microsurgery
US11123132B2 (en) 2018-04-09 2021-09-21 Covidien Lp Multi-function surgical instruments and assemblies therefor
US10828756B2 (en) 2018-04-24 2020-11-10 Covidien Lp Disassembly methods facilitating reprocessing of multi-function surgical instruments
US11083871B2 (en) 2018-05-03 2021-08-10 Thermedical, Inc. Selectively deployable catheter ablation devices
WO2019232432A1 (en) 2018-06-01 2019-12-05 Santa Anna Tech Llc Multi-stage vapor-based ablation treatment methods and vapor generation and delivery systems
US11712290B2 (en) * 2018-06-08 2023-08-01 RELIGN Corporation Arthroscopic devices and methods
US11918277B2 (en) 2018-07-16 2024-03-05 Thermedical, Inc. Inferred maximum temperature monitoring for irrigated ablation therapy
US20200069363A1 (en) * 2018-08-08 2020-03-05 I.C. Medical, Inc. Laparoscopic ultrapolar electrosurgery device
USD914878S1 (en) 2018-08-20 2021-03-30 Ethicon Llc Surgical instrument anvil
US11045192B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2021-06-29 Cilag Gmbh International Fabricating techniques for surgical stapler anvils
US10779821B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2020-09-22 Ethicon Llc Surgical stapler anvils with tissue stop features configured to avoid tissue pinch
US11207065B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2021-12-28 Cilag Gmbh International Method for fabricating surgical stapler anvils
US11291440B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2022-04-05 Cilag Gmbh International Method for operating a powered articulatable surgical instrument
US10856870B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2020-12-08 Ethicon Llc Switching arrangements for motor powered articulatable surgical instruments
US11253256B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2022-02-22 Cilag Gmbh International Articulatable motor powered surgical instruments with dedicated articulation motor arrangements
US11039834B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2021-06-22 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical stapler anvils with staple directing protrusions and tissue stability features
US11083458B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2021-08-10 Cilag Gmbh International Powered surgical instruments with clutching arrangements to convert linear drive motions to rotary drive motions
US11324501B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2022-05-10 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical stapling devices with improved closure members
US10842492B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2020-11-24 Ethicon Llc Powered articulatable surgical instruments with clutching and locking arrangements for linking an articulation drive system to a firing drive system
US10912559B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2021-02-09 Ethicon Llc Reinforced deformable anvil tip for surgical stapler anvil
JP2021536299A (en) 2018-09-05 2021-12-27 アプライド メディカル リソーシーズ コーポレイション Electrosurgery generator control system
USD904611S1 (en) 2018-10-10 2020-12-08 Bolder Surgical, Llc Jaw design for a surgical instrument
CA3120182A1 (en) 2018-11-16 2020-05-22 Applied Medical Resources Corporation Electrosurgical system
US11172929B2 (en) 2019-03-25 2021-11-16 Cilag Gmbh International Articulation drive arrangements for surgical systems
US11147553B2 (en) 2019-03-25 2021-10-19 Cilag Gmbh International Firing drive arrangements for surgical systems
US11147551B2 (en) 2019-03-25 2021-10-19 Cilag Gmbh International Firing drive arrangements for surgical systems
US11696761B2 (en) 2019-03-25 2023-07-11 Cilag Gmbh International Firing drive arrangements for surgical systems
US11432816B2 (en) 2019-04-30 2022-09-06 Cilag Gmbh International Articulation pin for a surgical instrument
US11426251B2 (en) 2019-04-30 2022-08-30 Cilag Gmbh International Articulation directional lights on a surgical instrument
US11471157B2 (en) 2019-04-30 2022-10-18 Cilag Gmbh International Articulation control mapping for a surgical instrument
US11452528B2 (en) 2019-04-30 2022-09-27 Cilag Gmbh International Articulation actuators for a surgical instrument
US11648009B2 (en) 2019-04-30 2023-05-16 Cilag Gmbh International Rotatable jaw tip for a surgical instrument
US11903581B2 (en) 2019-04-30 2024-02-20 Cilag Gmbh International Methods for stapling tissue using a surgical instrument
US11253254B2 (en) 2019-04-30 2022-02-22 Cilag Gmbh International Shaft rotation actuator on a surgical instrument
EP3989795A1 (en) 2019-06-27 2022-05-04 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Detection of an endoscope to a fluid management system
US11298127B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2022-04-12 Cilag GmbH Interational Surgical stapling system having a lockout mechanism for an incompatible cartridge
US11376098B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2022-07-05 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument system comprising an RFID system
US11399837B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2022-08-02 Cilag Gmbh International Mechanisms for motor control adjustments of a motorized surgical instrument
US11259803B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2022-03-01 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical stapling system having an information encryption protocol
US11553971B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2023-01-17 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical RFID assemblies for display and communication
US11497492B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2022-11-15 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument including an articulation lock
US11684434B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2023-06-27 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical RFID assemblies for instrument operational setting control
US11464601B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2022-10-11 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising an RFID system for tracking a movable component
US11298132B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2022-04-12 Cilag GmbH Inlernational Staple cartridge including a honeycomb extension
US11771419B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2023-10-03 Cilag Gmbh International Packaging for a replaceable component of a surgical stapling system
US11660163B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2023-05-30 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical system with RFID tags for updating motor assembly parameters
US11241235B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2022-02-08 Cilag Gmbh International Method of using multiple RFID chips with a surgical assembly
US11627959B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2023-04-18 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instruments including manual and powered system lockouts
US11291451B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2022-04-05 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument with battery compatibility verification functionality
US11426167B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2022-08-30 Cilag Gmbh International Mechanisms for proper anvil attachment surgical stapling head assembly
US11219455B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2022-01-11 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument including a lockout key
US11246678B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2022-02-15 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical stapling system having a frangible RFID tag
US11523822B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2022-12-13 Cilag Gmbh International Battery pack including a circuit interrupter
US11478241B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2022-10-25 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge including projections
US11638587B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2023-05-02 Cilag Gmbh International RFID identification systems for surgical instruments
US11051807B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2021-07-06 Cilag Gmbh International Packaging assembly including a particulate trap
US11224497B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2022-01-18 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical systems with multiple RFID tags
US11529139B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2022-12-20 Cilag Gmbh International Motor driven surgical instrument
US11291447B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2022-04-05 Cilag Gmbh International Stapling instrument comprising independent jaw closing and staple firing systems
US11844520B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2023-12-19 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge comprising driver retention members
US11911032B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2024-02-27 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge comprising a seating cam
US11701111B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2023-07-18 Cilag Gmbh International Method for operating a surgical stapling instrument
US11464512B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2022-10-11 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge comprising a curved deck surface
US11607219B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2023-03-21 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge comprising a detachable tissue cutting knife
US11529137B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2022-12-20 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge comprising driver retention members
US11446029B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2022-09-20 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge comprising projections extending from a curved deck surface
US11234698B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2022-02-01 Cilag Gmbh International Stapling system comprising a clamp lockout and a firing lockout
US11559304B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2023-01-24 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising a rapid closure mechanism
US11504122B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2022-11-22 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising a nested firing member
US11304696B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2022-04-19 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising a powered articulation system
US11576672B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2023-02-14 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising a closure system including a closure member and an opening member driven by a drive screw
US11844562B2 (en) 2020-03-23 2023-12-19 Covidien Lp Electrosurgical forceps for grasping, treating, and/or dividing tissue
USD974560S1 (en) 2020-06-02 2023-01-03 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge
USD967421S1 (en) 2020-06-02 2022-10-18 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge
USD975851S1 (en) 2020-06-02 2023-01-17 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge
USD975278S1 (en) 2020-06-02 2023-01-10 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge
USD976401S1 (en) 2020-06-02 2023-01-24 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge
USD975850S1 (en) 2020-06-02 2023-01-17 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge
USD966512S1 (en) 2020-06-02 2022-10-11 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge
US20220031351A1 (en) 2020-07-28 2022-02-03 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instruments with differential articulation joint arrangements for accommodating flexible actuators
USD997355S1 (en) 2020-10-07 2023-08-29 Sonendo, Inc. Dental treatment instrument
US11452526B2 (en) 2020-10-29 2022-09-27 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising a staged voltage regulation start-up system
US11779330B2 (en) 2020-10-29 2023-10-10 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising a jaw alignment system
USD1013170S1 (en) 2020-10-29 2024-01-30 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument assembly
US11896217B2 (en) 2020-10-29 2024-02-13 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising an articulation lock
US11844518B2 (en) 2020-10-29 2023-12-19 Cilag Gmbh International Method for operating a surgical instrument
US11517390B2 (en) 2020-10-29 2022-12-06 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising a limited travel switch
US11717289B2 (en) 2020-10-29 2023-08-08 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising an indicator which indicates that an articulation drive is actuatable
USD980425S1 (en) 2020-10-29 2023-03-07 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument assembly
US11534259B2 (en) 2020-10-29 2022-12-27 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising an articulation indicator
US11617577B2 (en) 2020-10-29 2023-04-04 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising a sensor configured to sense whether an articulation drive of the surgical instrument is actuatable
US11653920B2 (en) 2020-12-02 2023-05-23 Cilag Gmbh International Powered surgical instruments with communication interfaces through sterile barrier
US11744581B2 (en) 2020-12-02 2023-09-05 Cilag Gmbh International Powered surgical instruments with multi-phase tissue treatment
US11653915B2 (en) 2020-12-02 2023-05-23 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instruments with sled location detection and adjustment features
US11627960B2 (en) 2020-12-02 2023-04-18 Cilag Gmbh International Powered surgical instruments with smart reload with separately attachable exteriorly mounted wiring connections
US11678882B2 (en) 2020-12-02 2023-06-20 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instruments with interactive features to remedy incidental sled movements
US11737751B2 (en) 2020-12-02 2023-08-29 Cilag Gmbh International Devices and methods of managing energy dissipated within sterile barriers of surgical instrument housings
US11849943B2 (en) 2020-12-02 2023-12-26 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument with cartridge release mechanisms
US11890010B2 (en) 2020-12-02 2024-02-06 Cllag GmbH International Dual-sided reinforced reload for surgical instruments
US11793514B2 (en) 2021-02-26 2023-10-24 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge comprising sensor array which may be embedded in cartridge body
US11749877B2 (en) 2021-02-26 2023-09-05 Cilag Gmbh International Stapling instrument comprising a signal antenna
US11744583B2 (en) 2021-02-26 2023-09-05 Cilag Gmbh International Distal communication array to tune frequency of RF systems
US11696757B2 (en) 2021-02-26 2023-07-11 Cilag Gmbh International Monitoring of internal systems to detect and track cartridge motion status
US11751869B2 (en) 2021-02-26 2023-09-12 Cilag Gmbh International Monitoring of multiple sensors over time to detect moving characteristics of tissue
US11925349B2 (en) 2021-02-26 2024-03-12 Cilag Gmbh International Adjustment to transfer parameters to improve available power
US11723657B2 (en) 2021-02-26 2023-08-15 Cilag Gmbh International Adjustable communication based on available bandwidth and power capacity
US11701113B2 (en) 2021-02-26 2023-07-18 Cilag Gmbh International Stapling instrument comprising a separate power antenna and a data transfer antenna
US11730473B2 (en) 2021-02-26 2023-08-22 Cilag Gmbh International Monitoring of manufacturing life-cycle
US11812964B2 (en) 2021-02-26 2023-11-14 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge comprising a power management circuit
US11826042B2 (en) 2021-03-22 2023-11-28 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument comprising a firing drive including a selectable leverage mechanism
US11737749B2 (en) 2021-03-22 2023-08-29 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical stapling instrument comprising a retraction system
US11759202B2 (en) 2021-03-22 2023-09-19 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge comprising an implantable layer
US11717291B2 (en) 2021-03-22 2023-08-08 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge comprising staples configured to apply different tissue compression
US11826012B2 (en) 2021-03-22 2023-11-28 Cilag Gmbh International Stapling instrument comprising a pulsed motor-driven firing rack
US11806011B2 (en) 2021-03-22 2023-11-07 Cilag Gmbh International Stapling instrument comprising tissue compression systems
US11723658B2 (en) 2021-03-22 2023-08-15 Cilag Gmbh International Staple cartridge comprising a firing lockout
US11849944B2 (en) 2021-03-24 2023-12-26 Cilag Gmbh International Drivers for fastener cartridge assemblies having rotary drive screws
US11903582B2 (en) 2021-03-24 2024-02-20 Cilag Gmbh International Leveraging surfaces for cartridge installation
US11857183B2 (en) 2021-03-24 2024-01-02 Cilag Gmbh International Stapling assembly components having metal substrates and plastic bodies
US11786239B2 (en) 2021-03-24 2023-10-17 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical instrument articulation joint arrangements comprising multiple moving linkage features
US11896218B2 (en) 2021-03-24 2024-02-13 Cilag Gmbh International Method of using a powered stapling device
US11896219B2 (en) 2021-03-24 2024-02-13 Cilag Gmbh International Mating features between drivers and underside of a cartridge deck
US11793516B2 (en) 2021-03-24 2023-10-24 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical staple cartridge comprising longitudinal support beam
US11832816B2 (en) 2021-03-24 2023-12-05 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical stapling assembly comprising nonplanar staples and planar staples
US11786243B2 (en) 2021-03-24 2023-10-17 Cilag Gmbh International Firing members having flexible portions for adapting to a load during a surgical firing stroke
US11849945B2 (en) 2021-03-24 2023-12-26 Cilag Gmbh International Rotary-driven surgical stapling assembly comprising eccentrically driven firing member
US11744603B2 (en) 2021-03-24 2023-09-05 Cilag Gmbh International Multi-axis pivot joints for surgical instruments and methods for manufacturing same
US20220378424A1 (en) 2021-05-28 2022-12-01 Cilag Gmbh International Stapling instrument comprising a firing lockout
US11877745B2 (en) 2021-10-18 2024-01-23 Cilag Gmbh International Surgical stapling assembly having longitudinally-repeating staple leg clusters

Family Cites Families (397)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1952617A (en) * 1934-03-27 Method and means foe surgical
US164184A (en) * 1875-06-08 Improvement in vesicular electrodes
US33925A (en) * 1861-12-17 Improvement in fastenings for shoulder-straps
DE222207C (en) 1900-01-01
US1366756A (en) * 1919-02-12 1921-01-25 Wappler Electric Company Inc Cautery-electrode
US1735271A (en) * 1928-03-14 1929-11-12 Sutten H Groff Diathermy knife
US1814791A (en) * 1928-05-04 1931-07-14 Frank M Ende Diathermy
US1889609A (en) * 1928-07-21 1932-11-29 Wappler Electric Company Inc Electric system for energizing cutting electrodes
US1932258A (en) * 1931-09-02 1933-10-24 Wappler Frederick Charles Surgical electrode
US1943543A (en) * 1932-06-21 1934-01-16 William J Mcfadden Surgical instrument
US1983669A (en) * 1933-04-19 1934-12-11 Gen Electric X Ray Corp Electrode
US2056377A (en) * 1933-08-16 1936-10-06 Wappler Frederick Charles Electrodic instrument
US2050904A (en) * 1934-11-26 1936-08-11 Trice Spencer Talley Electric hemostat or cautery
US2196171A (en) * 1935-02-12 1940-04-09 Walter A Arnesen Cautery electrode illuminating device
DE651428C (en) 1935-12-13 1937-10-13 Koch & Sterzel Akt Ges Electrode for electro-medical purposes, preferably coagulation electrode, for connection to a high-frequency apparatus
CH243478A (en) 1945-04-25 1946-07-15 Schaerer Martha Hair removal apparatus.
FR57862E (en) 1947-12-12 1953-09-18 Rectoscope for intra-rectal operations in a non-combustible gas atmosphere
DE1007960B (en) 1953-09-19 1957-05-09 Richard Wolf Coagulation electrode for endoscopes
US2888928A (en) * 1957-04-15 1959-06-02 Seiger Harry Wright Coagulating surgical instrument
FR1215305A (en) 1958-11-14 1960-04-15 Toury R Electronic scalpels
US3035580A (en) * 1960-12-27 1962-05-22 Guiorguiev Methodi Surgical needle
US3380448A (en) 1964-11-24 1968-04-30 Abbott Lab Cervical-pudendal indwelling catheter set with tissue piercing means
US3460539A (en) * 1967-03-10 1969-08-12 James E Anhalt Sr Cautery tip
US3903891A (en) * 1968-01-12 1975-09-09 Hogle Kearns Int Method and apparatus for generating plasma
US3601126A (en) * 1969-01-08 1971-08-24 Electro Medical Systems Inc High frequency electrosurgical apparatus
US3595239A (en) * 1969-04-04 1971-07-27 Roy A Petersen Catheter with electrical cutting means
US3648001A (en) * 1969-12-11 1972-03-07 Robert K Anderson Compact hand held switching device with insertable switching means
US3614414A (en) * 1970-04-03 1971-10-19 Kirkman Lab Inc Work area illuminator
US3685518A (en) * 1970-07-29 1972-08-22 Aesculap Werke Ag Surgical instrument for high-frequency surgery
DE2044078C3 (en) 1970-09-05 1978-04-06 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen High-frequency surgical device
US3707149A (en) * 1970-10-16 1972-12-26 Majesco Inc Electrosurgery unit and instrument
US3699967A (en) * 1971-04-30 1972-10-24 Valleylab Inc Electrosurgical generator
US3945375A (en) * 1972-04-04 1976-03-23 Surgical Design Corporation Rotatable surgical instrument
DE2222820A1 (en) 1972-05-10 1973-11-22 Delma Elektro Med App ELECTRODE FOR SURFACE COAGULATION
US3815604A (en) * 1972-06-19 1974-06-11 Malley C O Apparatus for intraocular surgery
US3885569A (en) * 1972-11-21 1975-05-27 Birtcher Corp Electrosurgical unit
JPS4984092A (en) * 1972-12-20 1974-08-13
US3801766A (en) * 1973-01-22 1974-04-02 Valleylab Inc Switching means for an electro-surgical device including particular contact means and particular printed-circuit mounting means
US3974833A (en) * 1973-03-19 1976-08-17 Durden Iii John G Disposable electrosurgical cautery having optional suction control feature
US3963030A (en) * 1973-04-16 1976-06-15 Valleylab, Inc. Signal generating device and method for producing coagulation electrosurgical current
US3845771A (en) * 1973-04-24 1974-11-05 W Vise Electrosurgical glove
DE2324415C2 (en) * 1973-05-15 1975-06-05 Aesculap-Werke Ag Vormals Jetter & Scheerer, 7200 Tuttlingen Surgical suction device
DE2324658B2 (en) * 1973-05-16 1977-06-30 Richard Wolf Gmbh, 7134 Knittlingen PROBE FOR COAGULATING BODY TISSUE
US4016881A (en) * 1973-07-04 1977-04-12 Centre De Recherche Industrielle Du Quebec Instrument for use in laparoscopic tubal cauterization
US3847153A (en) * 1973-09-14 1974-11-12 B Weissman Disposable probe tip for electro-surgical device
US3870047A (en) * 1973-11-12 1975-03-11 Dentsply Res & Dev Electrosurgical device
US3929137A (en) * 1973-11-12 1975-12-30 Dentsply Res & Dev Sonic warning for electrosurgical device
DE2513868C2 (en) * 1974-04-01 1982-11-04 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd., Tokyo Bipolar electrodiathermy forceps
US3920022A (en) * 1974-04-19 1975-11-18 Macey A Pastor Surgical instrument
US3901242A (en) * 1974-05-30 1975-08-26 Storz Endoskop Gmbh Electric surgical instrument
US4033351A (en) * 1974-06-14 1977-07-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Bipolar cutting electrode for high-frequency surgery
US3939839A (en) * 1974-06-26 1976-02-24 American Cystoscope Makers, Inc. Resectoscope and electrode therefor
US4024467A (en) * 1974-07-15 1977-05-17 Sybron Corporation Method for controlling power during electrosurgery
US3923063A (en) * 1974-07-15 1975-12-02 Sybron Corp Pulse control circuit for electrosurgical units
US3987795A (en) * 1974-08-28 1976-10-26 Valleylab, Inc. Electrosurgical devices having sesquipolar electrode structures incorporated therein
US4043342A (en) * 1974-08-28 1977-08-23 Valleylab, Inc. Electrosurgical devices having sesquipolar electrode structures incorporated therein
US3964487A (en) * 1974-12-09 1976-06-22 The Birtcher Corporation Uncomplicated load-adapting electrosurgical cutting generator
DE2504280C3 (en) * 1975-02-01 1980-08-28 Hans Heinrich Prof. Dr. 8035 Gauting Meinke Device for cutting and / or coagulating human tissue with high frequency current
DE2521719C2 (en) * 1975-05-15 1985-06-20 Delma, Elektro- Und Medizinische Apparatebaugesellschaft Mbh, 7200 Tuttlingen Electrosurgical device
DE2525982C3 (en) 1975-06-11 1978-03-09 Richard Wolf Gmbh, 7134 Knittlingen Cutting electrode for resectoscopes
US4119102A (en) * 1975-07-11 1978-10-10 Leveen Harry H Radio frequency treatment of tumors while inducing hypotension
US4069827A (en) * 1975-08-20 1978-01-24 The Burdick Corporation Diathermy apparatus
SU644491A1 (en) 1975-11-18 1979-01-30 Тернопольский государственный медицинский институт Electrically-operated surgical instrument
US4060088A (en) * 1976-01-16 1977-11-29 Valleylab, Inc. Electrosurgical method and apparatus for establishing an electrical discharge in an inert gas flow
US4040426A (en) * 1976-01-16 1977-08-09 Valleylab, Inc. Electrosurgical method and apparatus for initiating an electrical discharge in an inert gas flow
US4051855A (en) * 1976-02-06 1977-10-04 Ipco Hospital Supply Corporation, Whaledent International Division Electrosurgical unit
US4074718A (en) * 1976-03-17 1978-02-21 Valleylab, Inc. Electrosurgical instrument
US4092986A (en) * 1976-06-14 1978-06-06 Ipco Hospital Supply Corporation (Whaledent International Division) Constant output electrosurgical unit
JPS5389293A (en) * 1977-01-14 1978-08-05 Olympus Optical Co High frequency cauterization power supply
US4126137A (en) * 1977-01-21 1978-11-21 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Electrosurgical unit
FR2391588A1 (en) * 1977-05-18 1978-12-15 Satelec Soc HIGH FREQUENCY VOLTAGE GENERATOR
US4202337A (en) * 1977-06-14 1980-05-13 Concept, Inc. Bipolar electrosurgical knife
GB1583397A (en) 1977-10-19 1981-01-28 Perekhrest V A Apparatus for disintegration of concretions in the urinary tract
US4200104A (en) * 1977-11-17 1980-04-29 Valleylab, Inc. Contact area measurement apparatus for use in electrosurgery
US4204549A (en) * 1977-12-12 1980-05-27 Rca Corporation Coaxial applicator for microwave hyperthermia
DE2801833C2 (en) * 1978-01-17 1979-11-29 Aesculap-Werke Ag Vormals Jetter & Scheerer, 7200 Tuttlingen Electrosurgical cutting device
US4189685A (en) * 1978-03-14 1980-02-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Self-protecting transistor oscillator for treating animal tissues
US4228800A (en) * 1978-04-04 1980-10-21 Concept, Inc. Bipolar electrosurgical knife
US4210152A (en) * 1978-05-01 1980-07-01 International Medical Electronics Ltd. Method and apparatus for measuring and controlling the output power of a shortwave therapy apparatus
US4326529A (en) * 1978-05-26 1982-04-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Corneal-shaping electrode
DE2944730A1 (en) 1978-11-16 1980-05-29 Corning Glass Works SURGICAL INSTRUMENT
US4248231A (en) * 1978-11-16 1981-02-03 Corning Glass Works Surgical cutting instrument
US4418692A (en) * 1978-11-17 1983-12-06 Guay Jean Louis Device for treating living tissue with an electric current
FR2443829A1 (en) 1978-12-16 1980-07-11 Wolf Gmbh Richard COAGULATION DEVICE FOR FABRICS OF CAVITIES OF HUMAN BEINGS OR ANIMALS
US4209019A (en) 1979-01-05 1980-06-24 Medtronic, Inc. Stylet insertion guide and rotation control device for use with body implantable lead
US4669468A (en) * 1979-06-15 1987-06-02 American Hospital Supply Corporation Capacitively coupled indifferent electrode
US4448198A (en) * 1979-06-19 1984-05-15 Bsd Medical Corporation Invasive hyperthermia apparatus and method
DE2930982A1 (en) 1979-07-31 1981-02-05 Reidenbach Hans Dieter Dipl In Accessory for medical operation endoscope - has pump aggregate supplying liq. to coagulation electrode to protect tissue
US4429698A (en) * 1979-09-13 1984-02-07 Bentall Richard Hugh Cameron High frequency electromagnetic therapy apparatus
US4494541A (en) * 1980-01-17 1985-01-22 Medical Plastics, Inc. Electrosurgery safety monitor
US4301802A (en) * 1980-03-17 1981-11-24 Stanley Poler Cauterizing tool for ophthalmological surgery
WO1981003271A1 (en) * 1980-05-13 1981-11-26 American Hospital Supply Corp A multipolar electrosurgical device
US4346332A (en) * 1980-08-14 1982-08-24 General Electric Company Frequency shift inverter for variable power control
US4565200A (en) * 1980-09-24 1986-01-21 Cosman Eric R Universal lesion and recording electrode system
GB2087675B (en) 1980-10-07 1984-03-28 Texas Instruments Ltd Electrical inverter
US4376263A (en) * 1980-11-06 1983-03-08 Braun Aktiengesellschaft Battery charging circuit
US4674499A (en) * 1980-12-08 1987-06-23 Pao David S C Coaxial bipolar probe
US4805616A (en) 1980-12-08 1989-02-21 Pao David S C Bipolar probes for ophthalmic surgery and methods of performing anterior capsulotomy
US4476862A (en) * 1980-12-08 1984-10-16 Pao David S C Method of scleral marking
US4562838A (en) * 1981-01-23 1986-01-07 Walker William S Electrosurgery instrument
FR2501034A1 (en) 1981-03-06 1982-09-10 Francis Brunelle Combined anticoagulation electrode and catheter - has bipolar operation and operates on HF AC
IL62442A0 (en) 1981-03-20 1981-05-20 Laser Ind Ltd Endoscopic attachment to a surgical laser and surgical laser including same
US4381007A (en) * 1981-04-30 1983-04-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Multipolar corneal-shaping electrode with flexible removable skirt
DE3119735C2 (en) 1981-05-18 1985-09-05 Delma, elektro- und medizinische Apparatebau GmbH, 7200 Tuttlingen Method for regulating the output power of a high-frequency surgical generator
DE3120102A1 (en) * 1981-05-20 1982-12-09 F.L. Fischer GmbH & Co, 7800 Freiburg ARRANGEMENT FOR HIGH-FREQUENCY COAGULATION OF EGG WHITE FOR SURGICAL PURPOSES
US4483338A (en) 1981-06-12 1984-11-20 Raychem Corporation Bi-Polar electrocautery needle
US4559943A (en) * 1981-09-03 1985-12-24 C. R. Bard, Inc. Electrosurgical generator
JPS5869527A (en) * 1981-10-20 1983-04-25 富士写真フイルム株式会社 High frequency knife and endoscope using same
US4416277A (en) * 1981-11-03 1983-11-22 Valleylab, Inc. Return electrode monitoring system for use during electrosurgical activation
US5370675A (en) 1992-08-12 1994-12-06 Vidamed, Inc. Medical probe device and method
US4492231A (en) * 1982-09-17 1985-01-08 Auth David C Non-sticking electrocautery system and forceps
US4548207A (en) * 1982-11-17 1985-10-22 Mentor O & O, Inc. Disposable coagulator
FR2536924A1 (en) 1982-11-25 1984-06-01 Courtois Michele ELECTRO-SURGERY DEVICE COMPRISING A GENERATOR OF VERY STRAIGHT FRONT RECTANGULAR SLOTS
US4559951A (en) * 1982-11-29 1985-12-24 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Catheter assembly
DE3245570C2 (en) 1982-12-09 1985-06-27 Holzhauer + Sutter medizinisch-technische Geräte und Instrumente, GmbH, 7800 Freiburg Bipolar coagulation instrument
US4512338A (en) * 1983-01-25 1985-04-23 Balko Alexander B Process for restoring patency to body vessels
US4524770A (en) * 1983-01-25 1985-06-25 Ahmad Orandi Endoscope injection needle
DE3306402C2 (en) * 1983-02-24 1985-03-07 Werner Prof. Dr.-Ing. 6301 Wettenberg Irnich Monitoring device for a high-frequency surgical device
US4534347A (en) * 1983-04-08 1985-08-13 Research Corporation Microwave coagulating scalpel
US4590934A (en) * 1983-05-18 1986-05-27 Jerry L. Malis Bipolar cutter/coagulator
US4593691A (en) * 1983-07-13 1986-06-10 Concept, Inc. Electrosurgery electrode
GB8321085D0 (en) 1983-08-04 1983-09-07 Matburn Holdings Ltd Catheters
JPS6036041A (en) * 1983-08-09 1985-02-25 太田 富雄 Dual electrode electric coagulating tweezers used in operation
US4580557A (en) * 1983-08-22 1986-04-08 Laserscope Surgical laser system with multiple output devices
US4658819A (en) * 1983-09-13 1987-04-21 Valleylab, Inc. Electrosurgical generator
DE3480462D1 (en) 1983-09-13 1989-12-21 Valleylab Inc Electrosurgical generator
US4878493A (en) 1983-10-28 1989-11-07 Ninetronix Venture I Hand-held diathermy apparatus
DE3390567T1 (en) 1983-12-21 1985-12-12 Char'kovskij naučno-issledovatel'skij institut obščej i neotložnoj chirurgii, Char'kov Bipolar electrocoagulator
US4617927A (en) * 1984-02-29 1986-10-21 Aspen Laboratories, Inc. Electrosurgical unit
USRE33925E (en) 1984-05-22 1992-05-12 Cordis Corporation Electrosurgical catheter aned method for vascular applications
US4682596A (en) * 1984-05-22 1987-07-28 Cordis Corporation Electrosurgical catheter and method for vascular applications
DE3423356C2 (en) * 1984-06-25 1986-06-26 Berchtold Medizin-Elektronik GmbH & Co, 7200 Tuttlingen Electrosurgical high frequency cutting instrument
DE3427517A1 (en) 1984-07-26 1986-01-30 Richard Wolf Gmbh, 7134 Knittlingen Apparatus for crushing stones in body cavities and for use in HF surgery
US4727874A (en) 1984-09-10 1988-03-01 C. R. Bard, Inc. Electrosurgical generator with high-frequency pulse width modulated feedback power control
US4800899A (en) 1984-10-22 1989-01-31 Microthermia Technology, Inc. Apparatus for destroying cells in tumors and the like
US4827927A (en) 1984-12-26 1989-05-09 Valleylab, Inc. Apparatus for changing the output power level of an electrosurgical generator while remaining in the sterile field of a surgical procedure
US4711239A (en) 1985-01-25 1987-12-08 Sorochenko Oleg A Electrosurgical instrument
US4658820A (en) * 1985-02-22 1987-04-21 Valleylab, Inc. Electrosurgical generator with improved circuitry for generating RF drive pulse trains
DE3511107A1 (en) 1985-03-27 1986-10-02 Fischer MET GmbH, 7800 Freiburg DEVICE FOR BIPOLAR HIGH-FREQUENCY COAGULATION OF BIOLOGICAL TISSUE
US4712554A (en) 1985-04-08 1987-12-15 Baylor College Of Medicine Electronic system to distinguish between sinus and nonsinus atrial depolarizations which do not stimulate ventricular depolarizations in response to nonsinus atrial depolarizations
DE3516830A1 (en) 1985-05-10 1986-11-13 Max Dr. 8520 Erlangen Hubmann CATHETER
DE3523871C3 (en) 1985-07-04 1994-07-28 Erbe Elektromedizin High frequency surgical device
US4716897A (en) 1985-07-15 1988-01-05 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Electrosurgical apparatus
US4696668A (en) * 1985-07-17 1987-09-29 Wilcox Gilbert M Double balloon nasobiliary occlusion catheter for treating gallstones and method of using the same
DE3530335C2 (en) 1985-08-24 1995-12-21 Erbe Elektromedizin High frequency surgical device
US4681122A (en) * 1985-09-23 1987-07-21 Victory Engineering Corp. Stereotaxic catheter for microwave thermotherapy
EP0219568B1 (en) 1985-10-23 1989-10-11 Erbe Elektromedizin GmbH. High-frequency surgical apparatus
US4735201A (en) 1986-01-30 1988-04-05 The Beth Israel Hospital Association Optical fiber with detachable metallic tip for intravascular laser coagulation of arteries, veins, aneurysms, vascular malformations and arteriovenous fistulas
US4712544A (en) 1986-02-12 1987-12-15 Castle Company Electrosurgical generator
JPS62211060A (en) 1986-03-12 1987-09-17 オリンパス光学工業株式会社 High frequency treatment tool
US4781175A (en) 1986-04-08 1988-11-01 C. R. Bard, Inc. Electrosurgical conductive gas stream technique of achieving improved eschar for coagulation
IL78756A0 (en) 1986-05-12 1986-08-31 Biodan Medical Systems Ltd Catheter and probe
US4709698A (en) 1986-05-14 1987-12-01 Thomas J. Fogarty Heatable dilation catheter
US4688569A (en) * 1986-06-09 1987-08-25 Medi-Tech, Inc. Finger actuated surgical electrode holder
EP0393021A1 (en) 1986-09-12 1990-10-24 Oral Roberts University Radio frequency surgical tool
ES2040247T3 (en) 1987-03-02 1993-10-16 Everest Medical Corporation ELECTRICAL SURGICAL INSTRUMENT.
DE3708133A1 (en) 1987-03-13 1988-09-22 Bisping Hans Juergen IMPLANTABLE ELECTRODE PROBE WITH EXTENDABLE SCREW ELECTRODE
US4823791A (en) 1987-05-08 1989-04-25 Circon Acmi Division Of Circon Corporation Electrosurgical probe apparatus
US4936842A (en) 1987-05-08 1990-06-26 Circon Corporation Electrosurgical probe apparatus
US4802476A (en) 1987-06-01 1989-02-07 Everest Medical Corporation Electro-surgical instrument
US4943290A (en) 1987-06-23 1990-07-24 Concept Inc. Electrolyte purging electrode tip
US4936301A (en) 1987-06-23 1990-06-26 Concept, Inc. Electrosurgical method using an electrically conductive fluid
US4799480A (en) 1987-08-04 1989-01-24 Conmed Electrode for electrosurgical apparatus
US4769005A (en) 1987-08-06 1988-09-06 Robert Ginsburg Selective catheter guide
US4931047A (en) 1987-09-30 1990-06-05 Cavitron, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing enhanced tissue fragmentation and/or hemostasis
US4832048A (en) 1987-10-29 1989-05-23 Cordis Corporation Suction ablation catheter
US4860744A (en) 1987-11-02 1989-08-29 Raj K. Anand Thermoelectrically controlled heat medical catheter
EP0653192B1 (en) 1987-11-17 2000-04-12 Erbe Elektromedizin GmbH High frequence surgical device to cut and/or coagulate biological tissues
US4820298A (en) 1987-11-20 1989-04-11 Leveen Eric G Internal vascular prosthesis
JPH01139081A (en) 1987-11-27 1989-05-31 Olympus Optical Co Ltd Apparatus for radiating laser beam
US4919129A (en) 1987-11-30 1990-04-24 Celebration Medical Products, Inc. Extendable electrocautery surgery apparatus and method
GB2213381B (en) 1987-12-12 1992-06-03 Univ Wales Medicine Surgical diathermy instruments
DE68925215D1 (en) 1988-01-20 1996-02-08 G2 Design Ltd Diathermy unit
GB8801177D0 (en) 1988-01-20 1988-02-17 Goble N M Diathermy unit
US4961739A (en) 1988-03-07 1990-10-09 Aspen Labatories, Inc. Waveform generator for electrosurgical apparatus
SE8801517L (en) 1988-04-22 1989-10-23 Radisensor Ab CATHETS FOR INTRAVASCULAR PRESSURE Saturation
DE3815835A1 (en) 1988-05-09 1989-11-23 Flachenecker Gerhard HIGH FREQUENCY GENERATOR FOR TISSUE CUTTING AND COAGULATION IN HIGH FREQUENCY SURGERY
US5178620A (en) 1988-06-10 1993-01-12 Advanced Angioplasty Products, Inc. Thermal dilatation catheter and method
US4998933A (en) 1988-06-10 1991-03-12 Advanced Angioplasty Products, Inc. Thermal angioplasty catheter and method
DE3824913A1 (en) 1988-07-22 1990-02-01 Thomas Hill Device for monitoring high-frequency (radio-frequency) electric leakage currents
US5249585A (en) 1988-07-28 1993-10-05 Bsd Medical Corporation Urethral inserted applicator for prostate hyperthermia
US4967765A (en) 1988-07-28 1990-11-06 Bsd Medical Corporation Urethral inserted applicator for prostate hyperthermia
US4850353A (en) 1988-08-08 1989-07-25 Everest Medical Corporation Silicon nitride electrosurgical blade
US4920978A (en) 1988-08-31 1990-05-01 Triangle Research And Development Corporation Method and apparatus for the endoscopic treatment of deep tumors using RF hyperthermia
US4955377A (en) 1988-10-28 1990-09-11 Lennox Charles D Device and method for heating tissue in a patient's body
US4994069A (en) 1988-11-02 1991-02-19 Target Therapeutics Vaso-occlusion coil and method
US4966597A (en) 1988-11-04 1990-10-30 Cosman Eric R Thermometric cardiac tissue ablation electrode with ultra-sensitive temperature detection
DE3842465A1 (en) 1988-12-16 1990-06-28 Flachenecker Gerhard SWITCHING REGULATOR FOR DC VOLTAGE CONVERSION
AU4945490A (en) 1989-01-06 1990-08-01 Angioplasty Systems Inc. Electrosurgical catheter for resolving atherosclerotic plaque
US5117978A (en) 1989-02-14 1992-06-02 Medelec, Inc. Sheath for monopolar needle
US5057107A (en) 1989-04-13 1991-10-15 Everest Medical Corporation Ablation catheter with selectively deployable electrodes
US4979948A (en) 1989-04-13 1990-12-25 Purdue Research Foundation Method and apparatus for thermally destroying a layer of an organ
US4976711A (en) 1989-04-13 1990-12-11 Everest Medical Corporation Ablation catheter with selectively deployable electrodes
US5098431A (en) 1989-04-13 1992-03-24 Everest Medical Corporation RF ablation catheter
US4936281A (en) 1989-04-13 1990-06-26 Everest Medical Corporation Ultrasonically enhanced RF ablation catheter
EP0407057B1 (en) 1989-06-20 1995-08-23 Rocket of London Limited Apparatus for applying electromagnetic energy to a portion of the body of a patient
US4980898A (en) 1989-08-08 1990-12-25 Siemens-Pacesetter, Inc. Self-oscillating burst mode transmitter with integral number of periods
US5009656A (en) 1989-08-17 1991-04-23 Mentor O&O Inc. Bipolar electrosurgical instrument
DE3930451C2 (en) 1989-09-12 2002-09-26 Leibinger Gmbh Device for high-frequency coagulation of biological tissue
US5133365A (en) 1989-09-14 1992-07-28 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Implantable tapered spiral endocardial lead for use in internal defibrillation
US5047026A (en) 1989-09-29 1991-09-10 Everest Medical Corporation Electrosurgical implement for tunneling through tissue
US5007908A (en) 1989-09-29 1991-04-16 Everest Medical Corporation Electrosurgical instrument having needle cutting electrode and spot-coag electrode
GB9000723D0 (en) 1990-01-12 1990-03-14 Fern Dev Ltd Cryogenic conduit
US5290283A (en) 1990-01-31 1994-03-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Power supply apparatus for electrosurgical unit including electrosurgical-current waveform data storage
US5035696A (en) 1990-02-02 1991-07-30 Everest Medical Corporation Electrosurgical instrument for conducting endoscopic retrograde sphincterotomy
US5569245A (en) 1990-03-13 1996-10-29 The Regents Of The University Of California Detachable endovascular occlusion device activated by alternating electric current
US5354295A (en) 1990-03-13 1994-10-11 Target Therapeutics, Inc. In an endovascular electrolytically detachable wire and tip for the formation of thrombus in arteries, veins, aneurysms, vascular malformations and arteriovenous fistulas
US5217457A (en) 1990-03-15 1993-06-08 Valleylab Inc. Enhanced electrosurgical apparatus
US5088997A (en) 1990-03-15 1992-02-18 Valleylab, Inc. Gas coagulation device
US5244462A (en) 1990-03-15 1993-09-14 Valleylab Inc. Electrosurgical apparatus
US5306238A (en) 1990-03-16 1994-04-26 Beacon Laboratories, Inc. Laparoscopic electrosurgical pencil
US5013312A (en) 1990-03-19 1991-05-07 Everest Medical Corporation Bipolar scalpel for harvesting internal mammary artery
DE4009819C2 (en) 1990-03-27 1994-10-06 Siemens Ag HF surgery device
US5047027A (en) 1990-04-20 1991-09-10 Everest Medical Corporation Tumor resector
US5171311A (en) 1990-04-30 1992-12-15 Everest Medical Corporation Percutaneous laparoscopic cholecystectomy instrument
US5080660A (en) 1990-05-11 1992-01-14 Applied Urology, Inc. Electrosurgical electrode
JPH0734805B2 (en) 1990-05-16 1995-04-19 アロカ株式会社 Blood coagulator
US5071418A (en) 1990-05-16 1991-12-10 Joseph Rosenbaum Electrocautery surgical scalpel
US5108407A (en) 1990-06-08 1992-04-28 Rush-Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center Method and apparatus for placement of an embolic coil
US5037379A (en) 1990-06-22 1991-08-06 Vance Products Incorporated Surgical tissue bag and method for percutaneously debulking tissue
US5083565A (en) 1990-08-03 1992-01-28 Everest Medical Corporation Electrosurgical instrument for ablating endocardial tissue
US5282799A (en) 1990-08-24 1994-02-01 Everest Medical Corporation Bipolar electrosurgical scalpel with paired loop electrodes
US5282845A (en) 1990-10-01 1994-02-01 Ventritex, Inc. Multiple electrode deployable lead
US5383923A (en) 1990-10-20 1995-01-24 Webster Laboratories, Inc. Steerable catheter having puller wire with shape memory
US5085659A (en) 1990-11-21 1992-02-04 Everest Medical Corporation Biopsy device with bipolar coagulation capability
US5171255A (en) 1990-11-21 1992-12-15 Everest Medical Corporation Biopsy device
US5122138A (en) 1990-11-28 1992-06-16 Manwaring Kim H Tissue vaporizing accessory and method for an endoscope
EP0566694A1 (en) 1991-01-09 1993-10-27 EndoMedix Corporation Method and device for intracorporeal liquidization of tissue and/or intracorporeal fragmentation of calculi during endoscopic surgical procedures
DE9117217U1 (en) 1991-01-16 1997-05-15 Erbe Elektromedizin High frequency surgical device
US5167658A (en) 1991-01-31 1992-12-01 Mdt Corporation Method and apparatus for electrosurgical measurement
US5599347A (en) 1991-02-13 1997-02-04 Applied Medical Resources Corporation Surgical trocar with cutoff circuit
US5156151A (en) 1991-02-15 1992-10-20 Cardiac Pathways Corporation Endocardial mapping and ablation system and catheter probe
IL101493A (en) 1991-04-04 1995-10-31 Symbiosis Corp Endoscopic surgical instruments
US5195959A (en) 1991-05-31 1993-03-23 Paul C. Smith Electrosurgical device with suction and irrigation
US5190517A (en) 1991-06-06 1993-03-02 Valleylab Inc. Electrosurgical and ultrasonic surgical system
US5633578A (en) 1991-06-07 1997-05-27 Hemostatic Surgery Corporation Electrosurgical generator adaptors
US5330471A (en) 1991-06-07 1994-07-19 Hemostatic Surgery Corporation Bi-polar electrosurgical endoscopic instruments and methods of use
US5472443A (en) 1991-06-07 1995-12-05 Hemostatic Surgery Corporation Electrosurgical apparatus employing constant voltage and methods of use
US5196007A (en) 1991-06-07 1993-03-23 Alan Ellman Electrosurgical handpiece with activator
DE4122219A1 (en) 1991-07-04 1993-01-07 Delma Elektro Med App ELECTRO-SURGICAL TREATMENT INSTRUMENT
US5620481A (en) 1991-07-05 1997-04-15 Desai; Jawahar M. Device for multi-phase radio-frequency ablation
US5383917A (en) 1991-07-05 1995-01-24 Jawahar M. Desai Device and method for multi-phase radio-frequency ablation
US5207675A (en) 1991-07-15 1993-05-04 Jerome Canady Surgical coagulation device
DE4126608A1 (en) 1991-08-12 1993-02-18 Fastenmeier Karl ARRANGEMENT FOR CUTTING ORGANIC TISSUE WITH HIGH-FREQUENCY CURRENT
US5217459A (en) 1991-08-27 1993-06-08 William Kamerling Method and instrument for performing eye surgery
EP0530400B1 (en) 1991-09-05 1996-12-18 Erbe Elektromedizin GmbH H.F.-Surgical instrument for cutting and coagulating
US5697281A (en) 1991-10-09 1997-12-16 Arthrocare Corporation System and method for electrosurgical cutting and ablation
US5273524A (en) 1991-10-09 1993-12-28 Ethicon, Inc. Electrosurgical device
US5697909A (en) 1992-01-07 1997-12-16 Arthrocare Corporation Methods and apparatus for surgical cutting
DE59108725D1 (en) 1991-10-11 1997-07-03 Erbe Elektromedizin Instrument for high frequency surgery for cutting or coagulating
US5250047A (en) 1991-10-21 1993-10-05 Everest Medical Corporation Bipolar laparoscopic instrument with replaceable electrode tip assembly
US5531744A (en) 1991-11-01 1996-07-02 Medical Scientific, Inc. Alternative current pathways for bipolar surgical cutting tool
EP0566731A4 (en) 1991-11-08 1995-02-22 Ep Technologies Radiofrequency ablation with phase sensitive power detection.
US5383874A (en) 1991-11-08 1995-01-24 Ep Technologies, Inc. Systems for identifying catheters and monitoring their use
DE4138115A1 (en) 1991-11-19 1993-05-27 Delma Elektro Med App MEDICAL HIGH FREQUENCY COAGULATION INSTRUMENT
US5197963A (en) 1991-12-02 1993-03-30 Everest Medical Corporation Electrosurgical instrument with extendable sheath for irrigation and aspiration
US5261906A (en) * 1991-12-09 1993-11-16 Ralph Pennino Electro-surgical dissecting and cauterizing instrument
US5366443A (en) 1992-01-07 1994-11-22 Thapliyal And Eggers Partners Method and apparatus for advancing catheters through occluded body lumens
US5697882A (en) 1992-01-07 1997-12-16 Arthrocare Corporation System and method for electrosurgical cutting and ablation
US5419767A (en) 1992-01-07 1995-05-30 Thapliyal And Eggers Partners Methods and apparatus for advancing catheters through severely occluded body lumens
US5843019A (en) 1992-01-07 1998-12-01 Arthrocare Corporation Shaped electrodes and methods for electrosurgical cutting and ablation
US5902272A (en) 1992-01-07 1999-05-11 Arthrocare Corporation Planar ablation probe and method for electrosurgical cutting and ablation
US5683366A (en) 1992-01-07 1997-11-04 Arthrocare Corporation System and method for electrosurgical tissue canalization
US5259395A (en) 1992-01-15 1993-11-09 Siemens Pacesetter, Inc. Pacemaker lead with extendable retractable lockable fixing helix
US5304214A (en) 1992-01-21 1994-04-19 Med Institute, Inc. Transurethral ablation catheter
KR0145453B1 (en) 1992-01-21 1998-07-01 알렌 제이 Electrosurgical trocar control device
US5267994A (en) 1992-02-10 1993-12-07 Conmed Corporation Electrosurgical probe
US5201743A (en) 1992-05-05 1993-04-13 Habley Medical Technology Corp. Axially extendable endoscopic surgical instrument
GB9204217D0 (en) 1992-02-27 1992-04-08 Goble Nigel M Cauterising apparatus
GB9204218D0 (en) 1992-02-27 1992-04-08 Goble Nigel M A surgical cutting tool
GB9204200D0 (en) 1992-02-27 1992-04-08 Goble Nigel M An inductive loop power transmission system
US5300070A (en) 1992-03-17 1994-04-05 Conmed Corporation Electrosurgical trocar assembly with bi-polar electrode
US5158561A (en) 1992-03-23 1992-10-27 Everest Medical Corporation Monopolar polypectomy snare with coagulation electrode
US5281216A (en) * 1992-03-31 1994-01-25 Valleylab, Inc. Electrosurgical bipolar treating apparatus
US5217458A (en) 1992-04-09 1993-06-08 Everest Medical Corporation Bipolar biopsy device utilizing a rotatable, single-hinged moving element
US5540681A (en) 1992-04-10 1996-07-30 Medtronic Cardiorhythm Method and system for radiofrequency ablation of tissue
US5281213A (en) 1992-04-16 1994-01-25 Implemed, Inc. Catheter for ice mapping and ablation
US5300068A (en) 1992-04-21 1994-04-05 St. Jude Medical, Inc. Electrosurgical apparatus
US5496314A (en) 1992-05-01 1996-03-05 Hemostatic Surgery Corporation Irrigation and shroud arrangement for electrically powered endoscopic probes
EP0637941A4 (en) 1992-05-01 1995-06-14 Hemostatix Corp Surgical instruments having auto-regulating heater.
US5480398A (en) 1992-05-01 1996-01-02 Hemostatic Surgery Corporation Endoscopic instrument with disposable auto-regulating heater
US5277201A (en) 1992-05-01 1994-01-11 Vesta Medical, Inc. Endometrial ablation apparatus and method
US5443470A (en) 1992-05-01 1995-08-22 Vesta Medical, Inc. Method and apparatus for endometrial ablation
US5562720A (en) 1992-05-01 1996-10-08 Vesta Medical, Inc. Bipolar/monopolar endometrial ablation device and method
US5318563A (en) 1992-06-04 1994-06-07 Valley Forge Scientific Corporation Bipolar RF generator
US5324284A (en) 1992-06-05 1994-06-28 Cardiac Pathways, Inc. Endocardial mapping and ablation system utilizing a separately controlled ablation catheter and method
US5290282A (en) 1992-06-26 1994-03-01 Christopher D. Casscells Coagulating cannula
US5221281A (en) 1992-06-30 1993-06-22 Valleylab Inc. Electrosurgical tubular trocar
US5514131A (en) 1992-08-12 1996-05-07 Stuart D. Edwards Method for the ablation treatment of the uvula
US5300069A (en) 1992-08-12 1994-04-05 Daniel Hunsberger Electrosurgical apparatus for laparoscopic procedures and method of use
US5542916A (en) 1992-08-12 1996-08-06 Vidamed, Inc. Dual-channel RF power delivery system
US5258006A (en) 1992-08-21 1993-11-02 Everest Medical Corporation Bipolar electrosurgical forceps
US5342391A (en) 1992-10-06 1994-08-30 Linvatec Corporation Cleanable endoscopic surgical instrument
US5334198A (en) 1992-10-09 1994-08-02 Innovasive Devices, Inc. Surgical instrument
US5334193A (en) 1992-11-13 1994-08-02 American Cardiac Ablation Co., Inc. Fluid cooled ablation catheter
US5342357A (en) 1992-11-13 1994-08-30 American Cardiac Ablation Co., Inc. Fluid cooled electrosurgical cauterization system
EP0719113A1 (en) 1992-11-13 1996-07-03 American Cardiac Ablation Co., Inc. Fluid cooled electrosurgical probe
US5545161A (en) 1992-12-01 1996-08-13 Cardiac Pathways Corporation Catheter for RF ablation having cooled electrode with electrically insulated sleeve
US5348554A (en) 1992-12-01 1994-09-20 Cardiac Pathways Corporation Catheter for RF ablation with cooled electrode
US5558671A (en) 1993-07-22 1996-09-24 Yates; David C. Impedance feedback monitor for electrosurgical instrument
US5317155A (en) 1992-12-29 1994-05-31 The Electrogesic Corporation Corona discharge apparatus
US5344428A (en) 1993-03-05 1994-09-06 Auburn International, Inc. Miniature surgical instrument
US5354296A (en) 1993-03-24 1994-10-11 Symbiosis Corporation Electrocautery probe with variable morphology electrode
US5403311A (en) 1993-03-29 1995-04-04 Boston Scientific Corporation Electro-coagulation and ablation and other electrotherapeutic treatments of body tissue
US5336222A (en) 1993-03-29 1994-08-09 Boston Scientific Corporation Integrated catheter for diverse in situ tissue therapy
EP0624344A3 (en) 1993-04-13 1995-03-08 Soering Med Tech Gmbh Diathermy handpiece with endoscopic probe.
US5370645A (en) 1993-04-19 1994-12-06 Valleylab Inc. Electrosurgical processor and method of use
NL9301182A (en) 1993-07-05 1995-02-01 Cordis Europ Catheter with strip-shaped electrode.
US5766153A (en) 1993-05-10 1998-06-16 Arthrocare Corporation Methods and apparatus for surgical cutting
JP2931102B2 (en) * 1993-05-10 1999-08-09 アースロケア コーポレイション Electrosurgical probe
US5628771A (en) 1993-05-12 1997-05-13 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Electromagnetic-wave thermatological device
US5395368A (en) 1993-05-20 1995-03-07 Ellman; Alan G. Multiple-wire electrosurgical electrodes
CA2164860C (en) 1993-06-10 2005-09-06 Mir A. Imran Transurethral radio frequency ablation apparatus
US5395363A (en) 1993-06-29 1995-03-07 Utah Medical Products Diathermy coagulation and ablation apparatus and method
GB9314391D0 (en) 1993-07-12 1993-08-25 Gyrus Medical Ltd A radio frequency oscillator and an electrosurgical generator incorporating such an oscillator
DE4323585A1 (en) 1993-07-14 1995-01-19 Delma Elektro Med App Bipolar high-frequency surgical instrument
US5372596A (en) 1993-07-27 1994-12-13 Valleylab Inc. Apparatus for leakage control and method for its use
US5431649A (en) 1993-08-27 1995-07-11 Medtronic, Inc. Method and apparatus for R-F ablation
DE4333983A1 (en) 1993-10-05 1995-04-06 Delma Elektro Med App High frequency electrosurgical instrument
US5496312A (en) 1993-10-07 1996-03-05 Valleylab Inc. Impedance and temperature generator control
US5417208A (en) 1993-10-12 1995-05-23 Arrow International Investment Corp. Electrode-carrying catheter and method of making same
US5555618A (en) 1993-10-12 1996-09-17 Arrow International Investment Corp. Method of making electrode-carrying catheter
US5582609A (en) 1993-10-14 1996-12-10 Ep Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for forming large lesions in body tissue using curvilinear electrode elements
US5545193A (en) 1993-10-15 1996-08-13 Ep Technologies, Inc. Helically wound radio-frequency emitting electrodes for creating lesions in body tissue
US5571100B1 (en) 1993-11-01 1998-01-06 Gyrus Medical Ltd Electrosurgical apparatus
JP3325098B2 (en) 1993-11-08 2002-09-17 オリンパス光学工業株式会社 Induction cautery equipment
US5599345A (en) 1993-11-08 1997-02-04 Zomed International, Inc. RF treatment apparatus
US5507743A (en) 1993-11-08 1996-04-16 Zomed International Coiled RF electrode treatment apparatus
US5472441A (en) 1993-11-08 1995-12-05 Zomed International Device for treating cancer and non-malignant tumors and methods
US5536267A (en) 1993-11-08 1996-07-16 Zomed International Multiple electrode ablation apparatus
DE4339049C2 (en) 1993-11-16 2001-06-28 Erbe Elektromedizin Surgical system configuration facility
DE4340056A1 (en) 1993-11-24 1995-06-01 Delma Elektro Med App Laparoscopic surgical device
US5514129A (en) 1993-12-03 1996-05-07 Valleylab Inc. Automatic bipolar control for an electrosurgical generator
US5462521A (en) 1993-12-21 1995-10-31 Angeion Corporation Fluid cooled and perfused tip for a catheter
US5422567A (en) 1993-12-27 1995-06-06 Valleylab Inc. High frequency power measurement
JPH09507645A (en) 1994-01-18 1997-08-05 エンドバスキュラー・インコーポレイテッド Vein ligation device and vein ligation method
GB9400954D0 (en) 1994-01-19 1994-03-16 Smiths Industries Plc Electrosurgery apparatus
US5382247A (en) 1994-01-21 1995-01-17 Valleylab Inc. Technique for electrosurgical tips and method of manufacture and use
US5423812A (en) 1994-01-31 1995-06-13 Ellman; Alan G. Electrosurgical stripping electrode for palatopharynx tissue
FR2716321B1 (en) 1994-02-11 1996-04-05 Telediffusion Fse Method and device for vector quantization of a digital signal, in particular applied to the compression of digital images.
US5352222A (en) 1994-03-15 1994-10-04 Everest Medical Corporation Surgical scissors with bipolar coagulation feature
IT1267429B1 (en) 1994-03-18 1997-02-05 L I C A Di Rosso & C Snc CANNULA FOR LIPOSUCTION TREATMENTS AND HANDPIECE USING THIS CANNULA
EP0688536B1 (en) 1994-03-23 2000-08-02 Erbe Elektromedizin GmbH Multifunctional instrument for ultrasonic surgery
US5584830A (en) 1994-03-30 1996-12-17 Medtronic Cardiorhythm Method and system for radiofrequency ablation of cardiac tissue
US5458596A (en) 1994-05-06 1995-10-17 Dorsal Orthopedic Corporation Method and apparatus for controlled contraction of soft tissue
DE4420608A1 (en) 1994-06-13 1995-12-14 Delma Elektro Med App Medical multifunctional instrument for endoscopic surgery
US5505730A (en) 1994-06-24 1996-04-09 Stuart D. Edwards Thin layer ablation apparatus
GB9413070D0 (en) 1994-06-29 1994-08-17 Gyrus Medical Ltd Electrosurgical apparatus
DE4425015C2 (en) 1994-07-15 1997-01-16 Winter & Ibe Olympus Endoscopic electrosurgical device
US5540684A (en) 1994-07-28 1996-07-30 Hassler, Jr.; William L. Method and apparatus for electrosurgically treating tissue
US5520685A (en) 1994-08-04 1996-05-28 Alto Development Corporation Thermally-insulated anti-clog tip for electrocautery suction tubes
DE4429260A1 (en) 1994-08-18 1996-02-22 Aesculap Ag Surgical bipolar instrument
DE4429478C1 (en) 1994-08-19 1996-03-21 Karlsruhe Forschzent Fragmenting and extraction instrument for endoscopic surgery
US5609151A (en) 1994-09-08 1997-03-11 Medtronic, Inc. Method for R-F ablation
DE19530004C2 (en) 1994-09-10 1998-07-02 Mw Medizintechnik Gmbh Medical surgical and / or treatment instrument
US5599349A (en) 1994-09-30 1997-02-04 Circon Corporation V shaped grooved roller electrode for a resectoscope
US5582610A (en) 1994-09-30 1996-12-10 Circon Corporation Grooved slider electrode for a resectoscope
US5514130A (en) 1994-10-11 1996-05-07 Dorsal Med International RF apparatus for controlled depth ablation of soft tissue
US5833689A (en) 1994-10-26 1998-11-10 Snj Company, Inc. Versatile electrosurgical instrument capable of multiple surgical functions
US5556397A (en) 1994-10-26 1996-09-17 Laser Centers Of America Coaxial electrosurgical instrument
US5575789A (en) 1994-10-27 1996-11-19 Valleylab Inc. Energizable surgical tool safety device and method
DE4438978A1 (en) 1994-10-31 1996-05-02 Helmut Wurzer Electrosurgical unit and method for its operation
DE4442690A1 (en) 1994-11-30 1996-06-05 Delma Elektro Med App Interstitial thermotherapy facility for tumors with high-frequency currents
AU701320B2 (en) 1994-12-22 1999-01-28 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Impedance feedback monitor with query electrode for electrosurgical instrument
US5540685A (en) 1995-01-06 1996-07-30 Everest Medical Corporation Bipolar electrical scissors with metal cutting edges and shearing surfaces
US5603711A (en) 1995-01-20 1997-02-18 Everest Medical Corp. Endoscopic bipolar biopsy forceps
US5611798A (en) 1995-03-02 1997-03-18 Eggers; Philip E. Resistively heated cutting and coagulating surgical instrument
US5630426A (en) 1995-03-03 1997-05-20 Neovision Corporation Apparatus and method for characterization and treatment of tumors
US5676662A (en) 1995-03-17 1997-10-14 Daig Corporation Ablation catheter
CA2173825A1 (en) 1995-04-12 1996-10-13 Warren P. Williamson, Iv Electrosurgical hemostatic device with multiple selectable electrodes
DE19514552C2 (en) 1995-04-20 1998-06-04 Winter & Ibe Olympus Roller electrode for surgical coagulation instruments
US5569244A (en) 1995-04-20 1996-10-29 Symbiosis Corporation Loop electrodes for electrocautery probes for use with a resectoscope
US5549605A (en) 1995-04-20 1996-08-27 Symbiosis Corporation Roller electrodes for electrocautery probes for use with a resectoscope
US5626575A (en) 1995-04-28 1997-05-06 Conmed Corporation Power level control apparatus for electrosurgical generators
DE19516238A1 (en) 1995-05-03 1996-11-07 Delma Elektro Med App Method and device for generating an arc in biological tissue using high-frequency surgical means
US5626578A (en) 1995-05-08 1997-05-06 Tihon; Claude RF valvulotome
US5554172A (en) 1995-05-09 1996-09-10 The Larren Corporation Directed energy surgical method and assembly
US5603712A (en) 1995-06-05 1997-02-18 Frank C. Koranda Bipola suction tonsillar dissector
US5628745A (en) 1995-06-06 1997-05-13 Bek; Robin B. Exit spark control for an electrosurgical generator
US5599344A (en) 1995-06-06 1997-02-04 Valleylab Inc. Control apparatus for electrosurgical generator power output
US5693045A (en) 1995-06-07 1997-12-02 Hemostatic Surgery Corporation Electrosurgical generator cable
US6293942B1 (en) 1995-06-23 2001-09-25 Gyrus Medical Limited Electrosurgical generator method
DE19526244C1 (en) 1995-07-18 1997-01-09 Wolf Gmbh Richard Electrode for vaporizing tissue
JP3790286B2 (en) 1995-08-03 2006-06-28 株式会社町田製作所 Endoscopic high-frequency treatment instrument
US5672174A (en) 1995-08-15 1997-09-30 Rita Medical Systems, Inc. Multiple antenna ablation apparatus and method
US5624439A (en) 1995-08-18 1997-04-29 Somnus Medical Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for treatment of air way obstructions
US5634924A (en) 1995-08-28 1997-06-03 Symbiosis Corporation Bipolar roller electrodes and electrocautery probes for use with a resectoscope
US5591141A (en) 1995-09-15 1997-01-07 Megadyne Medical Products, Inc. Suction coagulator bending tool
DE19537897A1 (en) 1995-09-19 1997-03-20 Erbe Elektromedizin Multi=functional surgical instrument suitable for variable surgical methods
US5700262A (en) 1995-10-16 1997-12-23 Neuro Navigational, L.L.C. Bipolar electrode with fluid channels for less invasive neurosurgery
DE19542419B4 (en) 1995-11-14 2005-11-24 Karl Storz Gmbh & Co. Kg High-frequency generator for high-frequency surgery with tissue differentiation
DE19542418B4 (en) 1995-11-14 2005-12-22 Karl Storz Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for controlling a high-frequency generator for coagulating cutting with high arc in high-frequency surgery
DE19542417B4 (en) 1995-11-14 2006-01-19 Karl Storz Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for controlling a high-frequency generator for low-coagulation cutting in high-frequency surgery
DE19545539A1 (en) 1995-12-06 1997-06-12 Berchtold Gmbh & Co Geb Operating monopolar HF surgical tissue ablation device
US5782829A (en) 1995-12-06 1998-07-21 Northgate Technologies Incorporated Resectoscope electrode assembly and methods of use
DE19545756A1 (en) 1995-12-07 1997-06-12 Rainer Maeckel Incision parameter control for electro-surgical high frequency generator
US5609573A (en) 1996-02-28 1997-03-11 Conmed Corporation Electrosurgical suction/irrigation instrument

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0771176B2 (en) 2006-01-04
DE69634014T2 (en) 2006-03-02
AR002570A1 (en) 1998-03-25
EP0771176B1 (en) 2000-07-26
CA2224858A1 (en) 1997-01-09
KR100463935B1 (en) 2005-05-16
US6004319A (en) 1999-12-21
JPH11507857A (en) 1999-07-13
EP1025807A2 (en) 2000-08-09
JP3798022B2 (en) 2006-07-19
AU710619B2 (en) 1999-09-23
EP0771176A1 (en) 1997-05-07
CA2224858C (en) 2006-11-14
DE69634014D1 (en) 2005-01-13
US6056746A (en) 2000-05-02
AU6132196A (en) 1997-01-22
CN1095641C (en) 2002-12-11
ES2150676T3 (en) 2000-12-01
IL122713A (en) 2001-04-30
WO1997000647A1 (en) 1997-01-09
MX9800249A (en) 1998-07-31
ES2233239T3 (en) 2005-06-16
BR9609421A (en) 1999-05-18
EP1025807B1 (en) 2004-12-08
DE69609473D1 (en) 2000-08-31
EP1025807A3 (en) 2000-10-04
ES2150676T5 (en) 2006-04-16
CN1193268A (en) 1998-09-16
DE69609473T2 (en) 2001-04-26
KR19990028364A (en) 1999-04-15
IL122713A0 (en) 1998-08-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69609473T3 (en) ELECTRO-SURGICAL INSTRUMENT
DE69734848T2 (en) Electrosurgical device
DE69738220T2 (en) ELECTRO-SURGICAL DEVICE FOR UNDERWATER TREATMENTS
DE69931359T2 (en) ELECTRODE ARRANGEMENT FOR AN ELECTRO-SURGERY DEVICE
DE69636102T2 (en) Electrosurgical generator and electrosurgical system
DE69734612T2 (en) Electrosurgical device
DE60208756T2 (en) Electrosurgical probe with high efficiency
DE69730868T2 (en) ELECTRO-SURGICAL DEVICE FOR UNDERWATER TREATMENTS
DE69611912T3 (en) ELECTRO-SURGICAL INSTRUMENT
DE60302409T2 (en) Device for denervation of the intraosseous nerve
DE69937788T2 (en) SYSTEM FOR ELECTRO-SURGICAL SPINE SURGERY
DE69834825T2 (en) ELECTRO-SURGICAL DEVICE FOR TISSUE REMOVAL
DE102012002532A1 (en) Electrosurgical device for fine dissection
DE602005001776T2 (en) Bipolar electrosurgical sling
DE69824851T2 (en) AN ELECTRO-SURGICAL INSTRUMENT
DE60216185T2 (en) Electrosurgical applicator with instantaneous ignition for electrosurgical cutting and ablation
DE60220079T2 (en) SELF-WETING, BIPOLAR DRY FIELD ELECTRODES FOR ENDOSCOPIC SURGERY
DE69829921T2 (en) Device for the treatment of body tissue
DE69628324T2 (en) ELECTROSURGICAL DEVICE AND ELECTRODE DEVICE
DE69822877T2 (en) SYSTEM FOR ELECTRO-SURGERY SKIN TREATMENT
DE202011101046U1 (en) Electrosurgical system
DE102011116678A1 (en) Electrosurgical system with device-specific operating parameters
DE202014000404U1 (en) Systems for the reduction of the turbinate
DE202008000276U1 (en) Electrosurgical system with suction control instrument and system
WO2006021550A1 (en) Device for the electro-surgical sclerosing of body tissues

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
8363 Opposition against the patent
8366 Restricted maintained after opposition proceedings