DE69637271T2 - Kegelstumpfförmige Spondylodeseimplantate - Google Patents

Kegelstumpfförmige Spondylodeseimplantate Download PDF

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Publication number
DE69637271T2
DE69637271T2 DE69637271T DE69637271T DE69637271T2 DE 69637271 T2 DE69637271 T2 DE 69637271T2 DE 69637271 T DE69637271 T DE 69637271T DE 69637271 T DE69637271 T DE 69637271T DE 69637271 T2 DE69637271 T2 DE 69637271T2
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Germany
Prior art keywords
implant
adjacent vertebral
bone
height
spine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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DE69637271T
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DE69637271D1 (de
Inventor
Gary Karlin Venice Michelson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Warsaw Orthopedic Inc
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Warsaw Orthopedic Inc
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Publication of DE69637271D1 publication Critical patent/DE69637271D1/de
Publication of DE69637271T2 publication Critical patent/DE69637271T2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Description

  • HINTERGRUND DER ERFINDUNG
  • Verwandte Anmeldungen
  • Vorliegende Anmeldung ist eine continuation-in-part der anhängigen US-Anmeldungsnummer 08/396,414 , welche am 27.02.1995 eingereicht wurde. Diese ist eine continuation-in-part der US-Anmeldungsnummer 08/074,781 , die am 10.06.1993 eingereicht worden ist und selbst eine continuation-in-part der US-Anmeldungsnummer 07/698,674 ist, welche am 10.05.1991 eingereicht wurde und eine Teilanmeldung der Anmeldungsnummer 07/205,935 ist, welche am 13.06.1988 eingereicht wurde und nun zu dem US-Patent 5,015,247 führte, die allesamt hier durch Bezugnahme enthalten sind.
  • Diese Anmeldung ist ebenfalls eine continuation-in-part der US-Anmeldung Nr. 08/390,131 mit Titel "Spondylodeseimplantate" eingereicht am 17.02.1995.
  • Gebiet der Erfindung
  • Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft allgemein Spondylodeseimplantate, insbesondere Wirbelsäulenversteifungsimplantate, die zur Wiederherstellung und Aufrechterhaltung zweier benachbarter Wirbelkörper der Wirbelsäule in anatomischer Lordose konfiguriert sind.
  • Beschreibung des Standes der Technik
  • Zwischenkörperwirbelsäulenversteifung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Erhalt einer knöchernen Überbrückung zwischen benachbarten Wirbelkörpern durch den Bandscheibenraum, welcher zwischen den benachbarten Wirbelkörpern normalerweise durch eine Bandscheibe besetzt ist. Eine Anzahl solcher Implantate zur Unterstützung einer solchen Versteifung sind durch Cloward, Brantigan und andere beschrieben worden und sind Fachleuten auf diesem Gebiet bekannt. Im Allgemeinen bieten zylindrische Implantate den Vorteil, dass sie an eine einfach hergestellte Aufnahmebohrung, die den Bandscheibenraum abdeckt und sich in jeden der benachbarten Wirbelkörper erstreckt, angepasst ist. Eine solche Bohrung kann durch Verwendung eines entsprechenden Bohrwerkzeuges hergestellt werden. Es ist eine anatomische Tatsache, dass sowohl die Halswirbelsäule als auch die Lendenwirbelsäule normalerweise lordotisch sind, d.h. nach vorne konvex gekrümmt sind. Eine solche Ausrichtung ist wichtig zur korrekten Funktion der Wirbelsäule. Allgemein sind entsprechende Bedingungen, die eine Behandlung durch Wirbelsäulenversteifung erfordern, mit einem Verlust der Lordose verbunden.
  • WO 94/14459 beschreibt einen chirurgischen Spinalstabilisations-Werkzeugsatz mit einem Implantat. Dieses Implantat weist ein Gewinde auf der Außenoberfläche eines Zylinders auf, wobei die Gewindegänge eine konstante Höhe haben und lediglich die ersten beiden Gewindegänge in der Höhe zunehmen. Das Implantat verfügt über eine Anzahl von Löchern, die ein Knochenwachstum von angrenzendem Wirbelkörper zu angrenzendem Wirbelkörper durch das Implantat zulassen.
  • DE-A-4302397 beschreibt ein Implantat mit einer gewissen Art von Knochenangriffseinrichtungen, die eine konstante Höhe aufweisen und auf der Außenfläche eines zylindrischen Körpers ausgebildet sind.
  • US-A-4878915 beschreibt ein chirurgisches Planzugimplantat mit Rippen, die konvexe Vorderflächen und konkave Abschlussflächen aufweisen.
  • Die Spondylodeseimplantate gemäß vorliegender Erfindung ermöglichen signifikante Vorteile im Vergleich zu bekannten Implantaten:
    • 1. Da die Spondylodeseimplantate gemäß vorliegender Erfindung wenigstens teilweise kegelstumpfförmig sind, sind solche die konisch von der Führungskante bis zur Abschlusskante verlaufen leicht einführbar und leicht vollständig in das zu versteifende Wirbelsäulensegment einsetzbar.
    • 2. Die Form der Implantate gemäß vorliegender Erfindung ist konsistent mit der Form der Bandscheibe, welche die Implantate zumindest teilweise ersetzen sollen, wobei die Bandscheibe normalerweise an der Vorderseite kleiner als an der Rückseite ist, um die normale Lordose zu ermöglichen. Die Implantate vorliegender Erfindung sind in ähnlicher Weise vorne kleiner als hinten.
    • 3. Die Spondylodeseimplantate gemäß vorliegender Erfindung entsprechen einer geometrischen Form, welche am Ort der Versteifung leicht herstellbar ist, um die Spondylodeseimplantate aufzunehmen.
  • Die Spondylodeseimplantate gemäß vorliegender Erfindung können aus jedem Material passend zur menschlichen Implantation hergestellt sein und weisen mechanische Eigenschaften auf, die angemessen zur Verwendung für den beabsichtigten Zweck der Wirbelsäulenversteifung sind, wie verschiedene Metalle wie Kobalt, Chrom, rostfreier Stahl oder Titan einschließlich deren Legierungen, verschiedene Kunststoffe einschließlich solcher, die bioabsorbierbar sind, und verschiedene Keramiken oder Kombinationen passend zu dem beabsichtigten Zweck. Weiterhin können die Spondylodeseimplantate aus einem Vollmaterial, einem porösen Material gebildet sein und/oder können teilweise oder vollständig Materialien enthalten, die direkt an dem Wirbelsäulenversteifungsprozess teilnehmen können, mit solchen Materialien beladen, aus solchen Materialien zusammengesetzt, mit solchen Materialien behandelt oder beschichtet sein, wie chemischen Substanzen wie beispielsweise Knochen, morphogenetischen Pro teinen, Hydroxyapatit in jeglicher Form und osteogenetischen Proteinen, um diese bioaktiv zum Zwecke der Stimulierung der Wirbelsäulenversteifung zu gestalten. Die Implantate gemäß vorliegender Erfindung können teilweise oder vollständig bioabsorbierbar sein.
  • AUFGABEN VORLIEGENDER ERFINDUNG
  • Es ist eine Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung, ein Spondylodeseimplantat bereitzustellen, das sich in der Höhe von einem Ende zum anderen konsistent mit der Verjüngung einer üblichen Bandscheibe verjüngt und in der Lage ist, die anatomische Ausrichtung und Lordose von zwei benachbarten Wirbelkörpern während der Wirbelsäulenversteifung aufrecht zu erhalten, wobei gleichzeitig eine Stabilität zwischen benachbarten Wirbelkörpern nach Einsetzen ermöglicht ist, und das sich innerhalb der Wirbelsäule selbst stabilisiert.
  • Diese und weitere Aufgaben vorliegender Erfindung sind offensichtlich bei Betrachtung der beigefügten Figuren und der Detailbeschreibung dieser Figuren.
  • KURZBESCHREIBUNG DER FIGUREN
  • 1 ist eine Seitenansicht eines Spondylodeseimplantats mit kegelstumpfförmigen Körper und einer Oberflächenkonfiguration mit Sperrzähnen zum Angriff an den Knochen sowie mit Vertiefungen und Kanälen zum Knocheneinwuchs.
  • 1A ist ein vergrößerter teilweise dargestellter Schnitt entlang Linie 1A aus 1 zur Darstellung der Oberflächenkonfiguration des Implantats nach 1.
  • 2 ist ein Querschnitt entlang der Linie 2-2 des Implantats nach 1 zur Darstellung der Kanäle und Vertiefungen des Implantats gemäß vorliegender Erfindung.
  • 3 ist ein Querschnitt entlang der Linie 3-3 des Implantats nach 1 zur Darstellung der Kanäle und Vertiefungen des Implantats gemäß vorliegender Erfindung.
  • 3A ist eine Seitenansicht eines alternativen Beispiels des Spondylodeseimplantats mit einem kegelstumpfförmigen Körper und einer Vielzahl von Sperrzähnen, die eine zylindrische externe Konfiguration bilden.
  • 4 ist eine Seitenansicht einer Ausführungsform eines Spondylodeseimplantats gemäß vorliegender Erfindung mit abgeflachten Seiten zur Bildung ebener Oberflächen parallel zur Längsachse des Implantats und Sperrzähnen mit einem Radius und einer Höhe, die nicht konstant sind.
  • 5 ist eine Draufsicht auf das Spondylodeseimplantat nach 4.
  • 6 ist eine Seitenansicht des Spondylodeseimplantats mit einem Körper, der aus einem faserigen gitterähnlichen Material gebildet ist, das teilweise kegelstumpfförmig mit einer abgeflachten Seite ist, die nächst benachbart zu einem zweiten identischen Implantat angeordnet ist, dargestellt durch versteckte Linien.
  • 7 ist ein Schnitt entlang Linie 7-7 des Implantats nach 6.
  • 8 ist eine vergrößerte Teildarstellung entlang Linie 8 aus 6 zur Darstellung der Oberflächenkonfiguration des Implantats nach 6.
  • 9 ist eine vergrößerte teilweise Darstellung entlang Linie 8 nach 6 zur Darstellung der Oberflächenkonfiguration des Implantats aus einem Spongiosa-Material.
  • 10 ist ein Querschnitt entlang der Linie 10-10 aus 9 zur Darstellung einer Oberflächenkonfiguration des Implantats aus einem Spongiosa-Material.
  • 11 ist eine teilweise weggeschnittene Seitenansicht eines Spondylodeseimplantats mit einem Körper, der kugelstumpfförmig ist und eine Oberflächenkonfiguration aufweist mit einer Vielzahl von beabstandeten Pfosten.
  • 12 ist ein vergrößerter teilweise dargestellter Schnitt entlang Linie 12-12 aus 11 zur Darstellung der Oberflächenkonfiguration des Implantats nach 11.
  • TEILBESCHREIBUNG DER FIGUREN
  • 1 zeigt ein Spondylodese-Implantats, das im Allgemeinen mit Bezugszeichen 220 gekennzeichnet ist. Implantat 220 weist einen kegelstumpfförmigen Körper 222 auf, der einen äußeren geometrischen Ort hat, der im Allgemeinen kegelstumpfförmig entlang im Wesentlichen eines Abschnitts des Implantats 220 ist, welcher in Kontakt mit den benachbarten Wirbelkörpern der Wirbelsäule ist. Das Implantat 220 weist eine Oberflächenkonfiguration mit nach vorne gerichteten Sperr- oder Angriffszähnen 240 auf, die passend zum Angriff an den Knochen der benachbarten Wirbelkörper sind. Jeder der Vielzahl von Angriffszähnen 240 weist eine Knochenangriffskante 242 und einen rampenförmigen Abschnitt 244 auf. Die Angriffszähne 240 haben einen Radius R4 gemessen von der mittleren Längsachse L4 des Implantats 220, welcher vom Einsetzende 224 bis zum Abschlussende 226 zunimmt. Die Höhe der Angriffszähne 240 gemessen vom Körper 222 ist konstant über die Länge des Implantats 220.
  • Die Orientierung der Angriffszähne 240 macht das Einsetzen des Implantats 220 leichter als dessen Entfernen, da die rampenförmigen Abschnitte 244 als schräge Flächen auf dem Weg beim Einsetzen dienen, während die Knochenangriffskanten 242 einer Bewegung in entgegengesetzter Richtung entgegenwirken. Diese vorwärts gerichteten Angriffszähne 24 tendieren dazu, das Implantat 220 vorwärts zu drücken, bis der verbliebene Knochen der Wirbelkörper eine weitere Bewegung blockiert, was zu einer sehr stabilen Wirbelsäulen- und Implantatkonstruktion führt.
  • Das Implantat 220 weist einen zurückgesetzten Schlitz 234 an seinem Abschlussende 226 zur Aufnahme und zum Angriff eines Einsetzwerkzeugs zum Einsetzen des Implantats 220 auf. Der zurückgesetzte Schlitz 234 hat eine mit Gewinde versehene Öffnung 236 zum Verschrauben des Implantats 222 mit dem Werkzeug, welches zum Einsetzen des Implantats 220 verwendet wird.
  • Die Knochenangriffskanten 224 der Angriffszähne 240 weisen eine Höhe am höchsten Punkt, gemessen vom Körper 222 (Wurzeldurchmesser) des Implantats 220, im Bereich von 0,25 bis 2,0 mm auf, mit bevorzugter Höhe von 0,4 mm, zur Verwendung in der Halswirbelsäule und 1,25 mm zur Verwendung in der Lendenwirbelsäule.
  • Nach 2 und 3 sind Querschnittsansichten des Implantats 220 dargestellt. Dieses hat Kanäle 250, die sich durch das Implantat 220 erstrecken, und Vertiefungen 260, die in der Oberfläche des Implantats 220 gebildet sind. Die Vertiefungen 260 können mit den Kanälen 250 in Verbindung sein oder auch nicht. Die Kanäle 250 haben einen Durchmesser im Bereich von 0,1 mm bis 6 mm mit 2 bis 3 mm als bevorzugten Durchmesser. Die Vertiefungen 260 haben einen Durchmesser im Bereich von 0,1 mm bis 6 mm mit einem bevorzugten Durchmesserbereich von 1 bis 3 mm. Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass, auch wenn Kanäle 250 und Vertiefungen 260 mit im Wesentlichen runder Konfiguration dargestellt sind, Kanäle 250 und Vertiefungen 260 jede andere Größe, Form, Konfiguration und Verteilung passend zum beabsichtigten Nutzen aufweisen können.
  • Nach 1A weist Implantat 220 eine Außenfläche 238 auf, die porös ist, um eine ungleichmäßige Oberfläche dem Knochen zur Unterstützung des Knocheneinwuchses bereitzustellen. Die Außenfläche 238 kann ebenfalls versteifungsunterstützende Materialien halten und stellt eine vergrößerte Oberfläche bereit, um mit dem Knochen beim Versteifungsprozess in Anlage zu sein und weitere Stabilität zur Verfügung zu stellen. Es sei angemerkt, dass die Außenfläche 238 und/oder das gesamte Implantat 220 jedes andere poröse Material oder eine aufgerauhte Oberfläche aufweisen können, die passend zum Halten der versteifungsunterstützenden Substanzen und/oder zum Ermöglichen des Knocheneinwuchses und/oder zum Angriff an den Knochen während des Versteifungsverfahrens sind. Das Implantat 220 kann weiterhin mit bioaktiven versteifungsunterstützenden Substanzen beschichtet sein wie, aber nicht eingeschränkt auf, Hydroxyapatitverbindungen, osteogenetische Proteine und knochenmorphogenetische Proteine. Das Implantat 220 ist als Vollkörper dargestellt, kann allerdings auch im Wesentlichen hohl oder teilweise hohl sein.
  • Auch wenn das Implantat 220 als Vollkörper dargestellt ist, sei angemerkt, dass dieses Implantat 220 wenigstens teilweise hohl sein kann, um einen Innenraum zum Halten von Knochen oder eines jeglichen versteifungsunterstützenden Mate rials bereitzustellen. Ein solches Implantat könnte Öffnungen aufweisen, die Knochen außerhalb des Implantats erlauben, in den Innenraum hineinzuwachsen. Solche Strukturen sind im Detail in der ebenfalls anhängigen Anmeldung Nummer 08/390,131 und in der ebenfalls anhängigen Anmeldung 08/074,781 beschrieben.
  • 3A zeigt ein alternatives Beispiel des Implantats 220, welches mit den Bezugszeichen 220' gekennzeichnet ist. Dieses Implantat 220' ist ähnlich in der Konfiguration wie Implantat 220, außer dass der Körper 222' des Implantats kegelstumpfförmig ist und die Angriffszähne 240' einen Radius R3 gemessen von der Längsmittelachse L4 aufweisen, der konstant in seiner Größe vom Einsetzende 224' bis zum Abschlussende 226' ist. Die Angriffszähne 240' haben jeder eine Höhe gemessen vom Körper 222', die nicht konstant über die Länge des Implantats 220' ist und vom Einsetzende 224' bis zum Abschlussende 226' hin abnimmt. Auf diese Weise bilden die Angriffszähne 240' eine Außenkonfiguration des Implantats 220', die im Wesentlichen zylinderförmig ist, während der Körper 220' kegelstumpfförmig ist. Das Einsetzende des Implantats 220' kann einen verjüngten Abschnitt 223' mit geringerem Durchmesser zur Unterstützung des Einsetzens des Implantats 220' aufweisen.
  • Die Beispiele von 13a sind nicht Teil der Erfindung, beschreiben aber dennoch einige Merkmale, die ebenfalls mit der vorliegenden Erfindung beansprucht werden, wie etwa eine Art der Knochangriffseinrichtungen, den Öffnungen im Körper und dergleichen.
  • Die 4 und 5 zeigen eine Ausführungsform des Implantats 220 welches allgemein durch Bezugszeichen 220'' gekennzeichnet ist. Dieses Implantat 220'' ist ähnlich in der Konfiguration wie Implantate 220 und weist Angriffszähne 240'' mit einem Radius R5 gemessen von der Längsmittelachse L5 auf, der vom Einsetzende 224'' bis zum Abschlussende 226'' hin in seiner Größe zunimmt. Die Angriffszähne 240'' haben jeder eine Höhe gemessen vom Körper 222'', die nicht konstant über die Länge des Implantats 220'' ist. Bei dem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel nimmt der Zahnradius R5 und die Zahnhöhe vom Einsetzende 224'' bis zum Abschlussende 226'' hin zu.
  • Nach 5 weist Implantat 220' abgeflachte Seiten 270 und 272 auf, die ebene Flächen bilden, die diametral gegenüberliegend und parallel zur Längsachse L4 angeordnet sind. Auf diese Weise können zwei Implantate 220' Seite an Seite mit einer der Seiten 270 oder 272 eines jeden Implantats in Berührung angeordnet werden, so dass die Kontaktfläche zwischen dem Knochen der benachbarten Wirbelkörper und den Angriffszähnen 240' maximiert ist. Alternativ kann Implantat 220' eine abgeflachte Seite aufweisen.
  • Mit Bezug auf weitere Merkmale, die die Angriffszähne 240'', die Außenfläche und dergleichen betreffen, wird auf die Implantate Bezug genommen, die zuvor beschrieben wurden. Die Beispiele der folgenden Figuren sind nicht Teil der Erfindung.
  • 6 bis 8 zeigen ein weiteres Spondylodeseimplantats, welches allgemein durch Bezugszeichen 320a gekennzeichnet ist. Implantat 320a ist neben einem zweiten identischen Implantat 320b angeordnet, das strichliniert dargestellt ist. Das Implantat 320a hat einen Körper 322 aus einem gitterähnlichen Material mit Fasern, die aus Metall sein können, die zusammengepresst sind und zu einem teilweise kegelstumpfförmigen Körper im Wesentlichen entlang des Bereichs des Implantats 320A geformt sind, der in Kontakt mit den benachbarten Wirbelkörpern der Wirbelsäule ist. Implantat 320a hat ein Einsetzende 324 und ein Abschlussende 326 und kann vollständig oder teilweise aus einem Vollmaterial und/oder porösem Material und/oder gitterähnlichem Material gebildet sein. Implantat 320a kann eine Oberfläche aus einem porösen Material, einem gitterähnlichen Material oder eine Oberfläche aufweisen, die aufgerauht ist. Es sei angemerkt, dass Implantat 320a aus einem soliden Körper oder aus einem teilweise hohlen und wenigstens einen inneren Hohlraum aufweisenden Körper gebildet sein kann. Nach 8 umfasst das gitterähnliche Material Fasern, die geformt und miteinander verpresst sind, so dass Zwischenräume 339, die versteifungsunterstützendes Material aufnehmen können und einen Knocheneinwuchs ermöglichen, zwischen den Fasern wenigstens auf der Außenseite 338 des Implantats 320A gebildet sind.
  • 9 und 10 zeigen alternativ ein Implantat 320a aus einem Spongiosa-Material 350, welches ähnlich in Konfiguration wie menschliches Spongiosa ist, mit Zwischenräumen 352, so dass die Außenfläche 338 eine Konfiguration nach 9 und 10 aufweist. Da das Implantat 320a vollständig oder teilweise aus Spongiosa-Material 350 gebildet sein kann, können die Zwischenräume 352 in der Außenfläche 338 und/oder innerhalb des gesamten Implantats 320a zur Unterstützung des Knocheneinwuchses und zum Halten des knochenversteifungsunterstützenden Materials angeordnet sein.
  • 7 zeigt Implantat 320a in einer teilweise kegelstumpfförmig ähnlichen zur Form des Implantats 20, aber mit wenigstens einer abgeflachten Seite 340, die eine ebene Fläche parallel zur mittleren Längsachse des Implantats 320 bildet. Die abgeflachte Seite 340 erlaubt die Anordnung von zwei Implantaten 320a und 320b näher zusammen, wenn diese Seite an Seite zwischen benachbarten Wirbelkörpern angeordnet werden, wie in US-Patentanmeldung Nr. 08/390.131 beschrieben. Implantat 320a kann teilweise mit Gewinde versehen sein oder kann in anderer Weise jedem der anderen Ausführungsbeispiele gleichen, die hier beschrieben wurden, oder die funktional äquivalent sind.
  • 11 zeigt eine teilweise weggeschnittene Seitenansicht eines weiteren Implantats, welches allgemein durch Bezugszeichen 420 gekennzeichnet ist. Implantat 420 hat einen Körper 422 von Kegelstumpfform im Wesentlichen entlang des Bereichs des Implantats 420, der in Kontakt mit benachbarten Wirbelkörpern der Wirbelsäule ist sowie ein Einsetzende 424 und ein Abschlussende 426. Implantat 420 hat eine Außenfläche 438 die Knochen aufnehmen und halten kann oder andere Materialien, die am Versteifungsprozess teilnehmen können und/oder Knocheneinwuchs unterstützen können. Die Oberfläche 438 weist eine Vielzahl von Pfosten 440 auf, die voneinander beabstandet sind, um eine Vielzahl von Freiräumen 442 bilden, die Teilvertiefungen mit unvollständigen Wänden bilden, welche gemahlenes Knochenmaterial halten und aufnehmen oder jegliches andere künstliche knocheneinwuchsunterstützende Material. Implantat 420 kann zur Implantation durch Vergießen oder anderes Beschichten der Oberfläche 438 mit den entsprechenden versteifungsunterstützenden Substanzen vorbereitet sein.
  • 12 zeigt eine vergrößerte Ansicht der Oberfläche 438 des Implantats 420. Die Pfosten 440 weisen einen Kopfabschnitt 444 von größerem Durchmesser als der Rest der Pfosten 440 auf. Jeder der Freiräume 442 hat eine umgekehrte Konfiguration im Vergleich zu den Pfosten 444, wobei ein Boden 446 breiter als ein Eingang 448 zu den Freiräumen 442 ist. Eine solche Konfiguration der Pfosten 440 und Freiräume 442 unterstützt das Halten von Knochenmaterial an der Oberfläche 438 des Implantats 440 und unterstützt weiterhin das Blockieren des Implantats 420 in der Knochenversteifungsmasse, die durch den Knocheneinwuchs gebildet ist. Da der Knocheneinwuchs am Boden 446 der Freiräume 442 breiter als am Eingang 448 ist, kann der Knocheneinwuchs nicht aus den Eingängen 448 heraustreten und ist innerhalb der Freiräume 442 blockiert. Die Oberfläche 438 des Implantats 420 zeigt eine Verbesserung in der nutzbaren Größe der Oberfläche, die noch weiterhin vergrößert werden kann durch eine aufgerauhte Oberfläche, Beflockung oder durch eine andere Art der Erzeugung einer nicht glatten Oberfläche.
  • Die Pfosten weisen 440 einen Maximaldurchmesser im Bereich von ungefähr 0,1 bis 2 mm und eine Höhe von ungefähr 0,1 bis 2 mm auf und sind voneinander ungefähr 0,1 bis 2 mm beabstandet, so dass die Freiräume 442 eine Breite im Bereich von ungefähr 0,1 bis 2 mm aufweisen. Pfostengrößen, Formen und Verteilungen können beim selben Implantat variieren.
  • Auch wenn die vorliegende Erfindung im Detail unter Bezugnahme auf bevorzugte Ausführungsformen beschrieben wurde, sei angemerkt, dass weitere Variationen vorliegender Erfindung konstruierbar sind, die nicht den Schutzumfang der Ansprüche verlassen.

Claims (14)

  1. Kegelstumpfförmiges Spondyloseimplantat zum Einsetzen quer zur chirurgisch korrigierten Höhe eines Bandscheibenraums zwischen zwei benachbarten Wirbelkörpern einer Wirbelsäule eines Menschen, wobei das Implantat umfasst: einen Körper (222'') mit einer Mittel-Längsachse (L4, L5), einem Einsetzende (224''), einem Abschlussende (226''), einer Länge zwischen den Enden, einem oberen Abschnitt, der so eingerichtet ist, dass er auf einen der benachbarten Wirbelkörper ausgerichtet ist, einem unteren Abschnitt, der so eingerichtet ist, dass er auf den anderen der benachbarten Wirbelkörper ausgerichtet ist, und einer Höhe zwischen dem oberen Abschnitt und dem unteren Abschnitt quer zu der Länge, wobei die Höhe des oberen und des unteren Abschnitts entlang eines Abschnitts der Länge des Implantats konstant ist und der obere sowie der untere Abschnitt jeweils wenigstens eine Öffnung aufweisen, die das Wachstum von Knochen von benachbartem Wirbelkörper zu benachbartem Wirbelkörper durch das Implantat hindurch gestattet; und eine Knocheneingriffseinrichtung (240''), die sich von wenigstens einem Abschnitt von dem oberen und dem unteren Abschnitt aus erstreckt und so eingerichtet ist, dass sie Eingriff des Implantats mit den benachbarten Wirbelkörpern der Wirbelsäule bewirken, wenn es in der Wirbelsäule implantiert ist, wobei das Implantat aus einem Material geeignet zur Menschen-Implantation hergestellt ist, wobei die Knocheneingriffseinrichtung eine maximale Höhe näher an dem Abschlussende als an dem Einsetzende hat, die von dem Einsetzende zu dem Abschlussende entlang wenigstens eines Abschnitts der Länge des Körpers (222'') zunimmt.
  2. Implantat nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Knocheneingriffseinrichtung eine Vielzahl von Eingriffszähnen (240'') enthält.
  3. Implantat nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Eingriffszähne (240'') nach vorne weisen.
  4. Implantat nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Knocheneingriffseinrichtung eine Riffelung aufweist.
  5. Implantat nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Knocheneingriffseinrichtung einen äußeren geometrischen Ort hat, der eine im Wesentlichen kegelstumpfförmige Konfiguration aufweist.
  6. Implantat nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Körper (222'') eine Innenkammer in Verbindung mit der wenigstens einen Öffnung enthält.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Körper (222'') wenigstens eine abgeflachte Seite (270, 272) zur Bildung einer ebenen Fläche zu der Mittel-Längsachse aufweist.
  8. Implantat nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Implantat so konfiguriert ist, dass es in enger Nachbarschaft in seitlicher Ausrichtung zu einem zweiten Spondyloseimplantat angeordnet werden kann, wobei das erste und das zweite Implantat bei Anordnung zusammen eine Gesamtbreite aufweisen, die geringer ist als die Summe der einzelnen Maximalbreiten eines jeden von erstem und zweitem Implantat.
  9. Implantat nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Implantat aus einem Material starker als Knochen gebildet ist.
  10. Implantat nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Implantat aus einem künstlichen Material unterschiedlich zu Knochen gebildet ist.
  11. Implantat nach Anspruch 10, wobei das Material Spongiosa-Material ist.
  12. Implantat nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Implantat wenigstens zum Teil bioabsorbierbar ist.
  13. Implantat nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche in Kombination mit einem versteifungsunterstützenden Material.
  14. Implantat nach Anspruch 13, wobei das versteifungsunterstützende Material wenigstens eines von Knochen, knochenmorphogenetischen Proteinen und Hydroxyapatit ist.
DE69637271T 1995-06-07 1996-06-06 Kegelstumpfförmige Spondylodeseimplantate Expired - Lifetime DE69637271T2 (de)

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US08/484,928 US6923810B1 (en) 1988-06-13 1995-06-07 Frusto-conical interbody spinal fusion implants

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DE29623360U Expired - Lifetime DE29623360U1 (de) 1995-06-07 1996-06-06 Sich verjüngende Zwischenkörper-Wirbelsäulenversteifungsimplantate mit bogenförmigen Teilen

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US20110224795A1 (en) 2011-09-15
ATE373999T1 (de) 2007-10-15
DE29623360U1 (de) 1998-03-19
DE69633287D1 (de) 2004-10-07
EP0836457B1 (de) 2004-09-01
CA2224249A1 (en) 1996-12-19
ES2293113T3 (es) 2008-03-16
CN1190881A (zh) 1998-08-19
US20050165399A1 (en) 2005-07-28
US7942933B2 (en) 2011-05-17
JPH11506656A (ja) 1999-06-15
EP0836457A4 (de) 1999-09-15
EP1442732A1 (de) 2004-08-04
US7691148B2 (en) 2010-04-06
EP0836457A1 (de) 1998-04-22
JP4005613B2 (ja) 2007-11-07
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DE69633287T2 (de) 2005-01-13
KR19990022610A (ko) 1999-03-25
CA2224249C (en) 2007-11-27
US6923810B1 (en) 2005-08-02
AU6036096A (en) 1996-12-30
US20050165489A1 (en) 2005-07-28
EP1442732B1 (de) 2007-09-26
DE69637271D1 (de) 2007-11-08
CN1149059C (zh) 2004-05-12
JP4011616B2 (ja) 2007-11-21
ATE274889T1 (de) 2004-09-15
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US8409292B2 (en) 2013-04-02
WO1996040019A1 (en) 1996-12-19

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