DE7238093U - stairway - Google Patents

Description

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PATENTANWALT DIPL.-i'NG ". 'GERD'ÜTERMANN

71 HEILBRONN. KAISERSTRASSE 54. POST BOX 1145

(NKUBAU HANDKLaBANK, OIOInOiIH DIR HARMONIKI β Ο71 31/8 28 28 · TBLBOR .: PATU · KONTENi HANDELSBANK HEILBRONN AO. 23 ΟΘΟ · POST8CHECK STUTTGART 43016

Utility model application B 9 · 22 D

H. October 1972 Üt / Ke

Register Kenngott KG-.

D-71 Heilbronn- Böckingen

Karl-Marx-Straße 72 P.O. Box 522

Κζ stairs

The invention relates to a staircase, its flat, one another Overlapping steps without risers over one each Tied bolts to each other at each end of the step and also are supported on the stairwell wall.

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Among the many known stair constructions, the applicant has made known "particularly one staircase", in which the flat, slightly overlapping stairs with one end only slightly into the Staircase wall are integrated. In the area of the other free ends there are connecting bolts on the upper lap parts provided between every two adjacent steps. The bottom bolt is practically only supported the floor or pedestal. Purely the assembly of such a Corresponding slots must be worked into the staircase wall. That causes beside a considerable Effort also a lot of dirt. In the case of exposed masonry, it is difficult to insert the steps properly. The previously known other anchors of such stairs, which have already been proposed with two rows of bolts have not produced fully-fledged results. The diverse problems and complex burdens have not been adequately taken into account. Div3 assembly is not easy enough either.

The invention is primarily intended to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages, to retain the advantages of known stair constructions as far as possible and, in particular, to achieve the advantages listed below. The invention is based on the object of making an assembly staircase of the type mentioned available, which with absolute certainty absorbs the complex loads that occur properly and transfers them to the stairwell wall and / or floor, platforms and ceilings and also moves them cleanly very easily and without large amounts of dirt can be. According to the invention it is provided that immediately under each or, if necessary, every second free step ending at a small distance in front of the staircase wall

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level in the area of the overlap with the next higher one. Step a rectangular prismatic step anchor clamped at the same time with the bolt fastening on the step is provided, which is in a cylindrical, considerably larger than the diagonal of the step anchor cross-section drilled stairwell wall drilling extends, in which it is covered with a high-quality, quick-setting mortar can be fastened, and the bolt of the lowest step next to the staircase wall also protects against tensile forces can be fixed in the floor or platform and the top step of each run is on the stairwell wall Can be fastened secured against twisting and / or placed on the pedestal or the ceiling and on this or this _ Can also be secured against being lifted off.

The two rows of bolts alone became too unstable a staircase result. By having the steps very close in front of you the wall can end and under each free step or with a correspondingly stable design of the bolts and the Steps below every second step provides a step anchor, which is located directly below the step and is in extends the staircase wall, a very stable and ^ easy-to-assemble staircase construction can be achieved. That alone is not enough, however, since the load conditions in such bolt stairs are very complex. In order to properly absorb all loads that occur and to offer sufficient security, the lowest bolt, which is close to the stairwell wall, must also have tensile forces can lead into the floor or the pedestal. It is therefore to be anchored in it accordingly. on the other hand It must be ensured that the torsional forces acting on the top step are properly supported. That can be achieved by either taking the stage

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clamped in the wall in a torsion-proof manner, which means that there are no great difficulties, since a wall socket of the Deoke or the pedestal with a corresponding skirting board is required here anyway. But you can also just lay the step on the platform and then additionally secure it against lifting off, for example by means of anchors inserted at an angle. Even then, all forces that occur are properly supported. Both measures can also be used together if necessary. Since the step anchor is rectangular prismatic, it can be manufactured very inexpensively and installed very well without the need for chiselling work for large additional support surfaces. Its rectangular cross-section, which can be selected accordingly, introduces the forces that occur very well even in light masonry that can only tolerate a relatively low specific load. The relatively large round hole, which is filled with a correspondingly high-quality mortar, also contributes to this. Since the bore is sufficiently large, tolerances during drilling and assembly, which can never be avoided, are automatically compensated without the quality of the anchoring being impaired. s-. Because the step anchor is fastened at the same time as the bolt fastening, additional fastening parts are not required. Due to the position directly under the step, there is only a very short free lever arm on the step anchor, which, however, is advantageous for a sound-absorbing, easily swingable mounted staircase.

In order to properly introduce the forces of common residential building stairs into all types of wall in question, should be the cross-section of the step anchor

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Width to Dioke ratio of about 2: 1 to about 3 χ 1. Then very favorable specific loads on the connections and the power transmissions are achieved. Particularly advantageous configurations provide for flat iron with a width of 40 mm and a thickness of 15 mm or, in the case of high-quality material, with a width of 22 mm and a thickness of 10 mm.

An embodiment in which only the short section between the end of the step and the stairwell wall results as a free arm, provides that the step anchor is mounted under the step without an intermediate layer and with a high tightening torque Fixing screw is tightened. Because the load at this point, which is always at the rear end of the step is, practically only. acts from above, the step anchor in the area of the step is practically completely rigid with this tied together.

However, if you want even better footfall sound insulation than is provided by the elastic, metallic tie rod, so you can insert an elastic intermediate layer between the step and the step anchor. Naturally, this must be the case with the Dimensioning of the anchor must be taken into account. It is particularly advantageous if these elastic intermediate layers are matched to the stairs according to strength and elasticity in such a way that the intermediate layer, under normal load, even on the heaviest stressed point is not completely compressed, but that it is so with particularly high stress compresses far enough that the free length of the step anchor is shortened to the distance between the end of the step and the wall. Then a high level of impact sound insulation is achieved with normal walking and especially when children walk. Will however, for example, very heavy furniture is transported,

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so the elastic intermediate layer presses together completely and the tie rod acts as if it were rigidly connected to the step, so that its free arm is only between the At the end of the step and the wall, the particularly high load has to be transferred, which is also due to the shortening of the lever arm relatively small cross-section is possible.

While in all previous staircase assemblies, the connections are specially plastered or grouted must, the new stair assembly allows installation without subsequent work on plaster or exposed brickwork, namely by placing a rosette on the step anchor. The diameter of the rosette must be more than the difference between the staircase wall drilling and the step anchor diagonal must be greater than the staircase wall drilling; then it automatically compensates for all tolerances during assembly and when making the hole, without even being able to do so the corners of the hole need to be made particularly clean.

_{/ r>} Further features, details, embodiments and advantages - 'parts of the invention are apparent from the claims and the following, given with reference to the drawings, description of embodiments of the invention.

Show it:

Pig. 1 the schematic side view of a flight of stairs ;

Pig. 2 the schematic top view of the flight of stairs after Pig. 1;

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Pig. 3 one compared to FIGS. 1 and 2 in something

vertical section shown on a larger scale showing only two steps;

Pig «4 shows a section along line 4-4 in Pig. 3 on an even larger scale;

Pig. 5 shows the partial vertical section through the corner of a step with fastening of the step anchor elastic insert and

Pig. 6 one of the pig. 5 corresponding partial sectional view with particularly high loads.

The inventive staircase of the first embodiment according to the Pig. 1 to 4 shows several levels 10, which overlap in the areas Ü. Connecting bolts 11 and 12 are provided in the area of both ends of the step, each in the upper step in a threaded sleeve 13 screwed in so that it can be adjusted and at the lower step y ~ N with the help of a threaded bolt 14 and a nut 15 with the addition of washers 16 and 17 are tightened. The steps 10 are very flat and consist, for example, of artificial stone, which is provided with a reinforcement cage 20 inside. Your end 21 facing the wall is at a small distance A of, for example, 5 cm from the stairwell wall 22. A step anchor 23 is provided on this side under each of the free steps. This is rectangular prismatic, here in the form of a relatively wide and relatively low flat iron executed. The ratio of width B to thickness D

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is 4: 1.5 · It is used especially for light things Masonry, such as hollow blocks, pumice concrete walls and the like, a cross-section of 40 mm wide and 15 mm thick. The step anchors 23 are fastened with bolts, namely the threaded bolt 14 and the nut 15 »screwed tightly directly under the respective step 10, namely preferably with a very high tightening torque so that the area up to the step face 21 is firmly clamped and is practically firmly connected to the stairs. the

/ -ν, free length up to the masonry front surface 25 is then 'very little. The step anchors 23 extend in

Staircase wall bores 26. These are drilled with a considerably larger diameter DB than the diagonal DS of the step anchor 23 and with a relatively large depth T. The diameter can be 66 mm and the depth 120 mm, for example, if the aforementioned step anchors are used. During assembly, the space 28 is filled with a high-strength, very fast-setting mortar after the steps and step anchors of the treads to be fastened have been aligned. This type of attachment, in which the flat side is horizontal and system is incorporated in a high-quality \ mortar in a relatively large hole, that allows good compensation of inevitable manufacturing and installation tolerances and but mainly offers a convenient introduction to the often considerable forces into the often relatively weak masonry withstanding only low specific loads. To seal the hole 26, a rosette or cap 30 can be fitted, the diameter DK of which is significantly larger than the hole, and so large that it completely covers all possible installation tolerances, so that special plastering or subsequent repairs to the assembly

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posts are not applicable. For this purpose, the diameter DK must be at least the difference between the bore diameter DB and the step anchor diagonal DS must be larger than the bore diameter DB.

However, this suspension of the steps alone would not provide an absolutely secure staircase. Therefore, the lower wall-side bolt 120 must be properly secured against tensile forces in the pedestal or floor 32, for example by means of a special tie rod or a threaded sleeve secured with tie rods The upper part of the staircase, however, requires a further additional flawless connection with the surrounding parts, for example the stairwell wall and / or the landing or the ceiling 33. For this purpose, as shown in FIG The end 35 of the top step 110 is slightly embedded in the staircase wall 22. Here it is secured against rotation, for example by wedging in a corresponding slot / p * _; hang up as shown in Pig. 1. If you want au f to dispense with the wall integration, inclined anchors can be provided, which are embedded in the step and the pedestal or the ceiling 33 and thus secure the step 110 against lifting. Now the flight of stairs is perfectly supported for all forces. The step anchors 23 represent a vibration-favorable connection to the stairwell wall 22 with the support of the corresponding forces.

If one wants to further improve the vibration behavior, especially against the step scarf, one can - as shown in Fig.

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yeransohaulicht - between step 10 and step anchor 23 insert an elastic intermediate layer 4-0 made of rubber or a corresponding plastic. This will Continue to dampen the inevitable impact sound vibrations. It is particularly useful to have this elastic Intermediate layer in its thickness d and its elastic properties to match the stairs so that "at There is no perfect compression under all normal loads. However, they get special on the stairs high loads, for example pianos, safes or the like, transported, so conditions would arise, like her in Pig. 6 are shown. The outermost edge 41 of the step 10 would incline the most and thereby the elastic intermediate layer 40 in the area of this position; · Compress it completely so that the step <4un is supported on the step anchor 22 at this point and thus the effective free length of the step anchor 23 is reduced to the dimension PI, whereby the The torques are significantly lower than when the force is introduced predominantly in the area of the bolt 12/14 would.

There are also other designs of the step anchors and in particular the fastening bolt possible. However, the embodiment shown is particularly advantageous for most use cases. With very solid staircase walls, such as concrete, you can also Provide other cross-sections and, if necessary, smaller drill holes if the expected assembly tolerances are not too big, because you can absorb the forces perfectly with these walls.

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In order to simplify storage and to be able to produce larger quantities of the step anchor for all applications , it is useful to make the step anchor from a very high quality material. While ST 37 is usually used in the construction industry for high loads, a high-quality steel such as ST 70 should be used for the step anchor. This can hardly be welded under normal conditions. However, since the step anchor is only screwed on in the invention, it is possible to use such a steel here. Cross-sections approximately 22 mm wide and 10 mm thick can then be used, since with such a cross-section a screw head or a corresponding Such a step anchor with such a small cross-section would suggest using staircase wall bores with a diameter of 20, 30 or 50 $ larger than the cross-section diagonal DS. This would not lead to any difficulties with high-strength staircase walls such as concrete. because the assembly tolerances that occur would be compensated very well. In the case of stairwell walls, which, however, only allow a very low specific load, such relatively small bores could lead to overloading. Another feature of the invention therefore proposes always using relatively small step anchors made of high-quality material whose flat side To be placed in a horizontal position, but to use different-sized staircase wall boreholes depending on the application and to fill them with a correspondingly high-quality mortar. The relatively small step anchor then initially introduces the high specific load into the high-quality mortar. There

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-this to the surrounding material in its spatial extent is adapted, the forces introduced into the filling material of the bore are distributed over a relatively large area, so that stairwell walls absorbing only a small specific load no difficulties arise.

The new staircase offers numerous advantages:

1. Only two support bolts per step, making it the largest Aesthetics and cheap price.

2. There can be a normal step overlap and a small step thickness and thus minimal weight can be achieved with full functionality.

3. Economic production is guaranteed.

4. Faster work is made possible by dry assembly. Ss are not very large wall anchors necessary. With conventional percussion drill bits you can drill the hole quickly, cheaply and cleanly. Filling and solidification take place in a matter of minutes.

5 «The slightest development of dirt occurs, so that This staircase has advantages over it, especially when it comes to renovations offers conventional built-in stairs.

6. No reworking is required for exposed masonry.

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7 * Ss, the surrounding masonry through favorable introduction of force.

8 .. Through the use of elastic step anchors that dampen vibrations favorably within certain limits, there is only a minimal sound transmission, which can be improved even further by using elastic inserts.

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Claims (9)

suffered t ·· · <■ '· »· ι in ·· · rxi PATENTANWALT DIPL.-ING. GERD UTERMANN 71 HBILBRONN, KAI8ERSTRAS8E 84, POST BOX 1146 ΜΛΝ0 «1. ·· ΛΝΚ,, β« · ΚΝθ · «« DIN HAHMONIII »i / aaeae · tilkon.i patu · accounts ι handblhank hbilbronn ao, asoeo · Postscheck Stuttgart 43oie Kenngott. 43oie Kenngott KG. B 9. 22 D 26 D-71 Heilbronn H. October 1972 Ut / Ke + -H claims 1. Staircase whose flat, overlapping step-P% steps without risers via a bolt on each Step ends are connected to each other and also supported on the stairwell wall, thereby characterized in that immediately below each or optionally every second free, in a small distance (A) in front of the stairwell wall (20) 'ending step (10) in the area of the overlap (Ü) with the next higher step (10, 110) a rectangular prismatic, at the same time with the bolt fastening (H, 15) on the step (10) clamped step anchor (23) is provided, which is in drilled a cylindrical, considerably larger than the diagonal (DS) of the step anchor cross-section Staircase wall bore (26) extends, in which it is coated with a high-quality, fast-setting mortar (28) can be fastened, and the bolt (120) of the lowest step next to the stairwell wall (22) (10) can also be fastened against tensile forces in the floor or platform (32) and the top step (110) of each run. the stairwell wall (22) secured against rotation and / or fastened the pedestal or the ceiling (33) can be placed on top and fastened to this or this also secured against being lifted off is. / ./15 B 9. 22 D 26
14.10.72 Ut / Ke • * ■ - 15 - 2. Staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that » that the step anchor (23) has an aspect ratio of width (B) to thickness (D) of about 2: 1 to about 3: 1. / 3. Staircase according to claim 2, characterized in that the width (B) is 40 mm and the thickness (D) is 15 mm. / 4. Staircase according to claim 2, characterized in that that the width (B) is 22 mm and the thickness (D) is 10 mm. / 5 «stairs according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the step anchors (23) are made of high-strength steel and have cross-sections that are slightly larger than the fastening hole for the joint fastening of the connecting bolt (12, 14) and the step anchor (23) or the nuts (15), and the stairwell wall bores (26) depending on the specific Resilience of the surrounding material of the staircase wall (22) only slightly or quite considerably larger than the diagonal CdS) of the step anchor are and the mortar (28) introduced into them, the forces to be transmitted to one of the respective Appropriate, permissible specific stress of the surrounding material distributed. 6. Staircase according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the step anchors (23) under the steps (10) without an intermediate layer and with a high tightening torque of the ./16 3 9 22 D 26 10/14/72 Ut / Ke ⁺ - 16 - Fastening screw or fastening nut (15) are clamped. 7. Staircase according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that an elastic intermediate layer (40) is inserted between the step (10) and the step anchor (23). 8. Staircase according to claim 7, characterized in that that the elastic intermediate layers (40) according to strength (D) and elasticity are matched to the stairs in such a way that the intermediate layer (40) not completely compressible under normal load even at the most heavily loaded point (41) is, but is compressible so far at particularly high loads that the free length (Pl) of the Step anchor (23) can be shortened to the distance (A) of the step end (21) from the wall (22). 9. Staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that on the step anchor (25) rosettes (30) are placed whose 'diameter (DK) by more than the difference between the diameter (DB) of the staircase wall hole (26) and the step anchor diagonals (DS) is larger than the stairwell wall hole (26). /