DE7701056U1 - Dowel with sleeve and expansion body - Google Patents

Description

Upat-Max Langensiepen KG
Freiburger Strasse 9
7830 Emmendingen

P. 76 429

Dowel with sleeve and expansion body

The invention relates to a dowel which has an at least partially radially flexible sleeve and a sleeve that can be retracted therein and it has a widening spreader body and possibly a rotation lock, this spreader body has a preformed internal thread for receiving an externally threaded fastener.

We already know dowel-like wall anchors in which an expansion body and often also the sleeve to be expanded There is metal, with a metric or Whitworth thread being provided in the expansion body. Such known wall anchors are relatively expensive to manufacture and do not work with common wood screws suitable.

One also already knows dowels of the type mentioned in which both the sleeve and the conical expansion body made of plastic and provided in the latter a nut thread for receiving a wood screw thread is. However, wood screws have i ^ area of their thread, both in terms of the pitch of the thread as well as with regard to the outer thread diameter and the thread core diameter, relatively large tolerances already in the normal range. In addition, there are also wood screws on the market whose tolerances are above certain go beyond standardized limits. Such, practically one

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Wood screws sweeping over a large tolerance range certainly meet the usual fastening requirements and are proportionate cheap and readily available from the craftsman and numerous do-it-yourselfers. Such wood screws or the like. Fasteners provided with wood screw threads are due to their large tolerance range in the the aforementioned plastic dowels with the usual nut thread not really useful in practice in the expansion body. This is also due to the fact that with this previously known Dowel of the expansion body made of hard material and its nut thread compared to the external thread of the screw is designed geometrically that a good match of screw thread and nut thread even with one Plastic body is not guaranteed to a sufficient extent. Also in this known embodiment there are only screws provided with a shaft diameter which is relatively small compared to the borehole diameter. The holding forces are accordingly low. Also in this known plastic expansion anchor has a metric thread or the like. not proven in practice, among other things, because even with the use of very qualified plastics, the resilience of a such a nut thread causes difficulties. Because of the aforementioned diameter ratios between the borehole and The screw shank is usually the diameter of the Screw head smaller than the drill hole diameter. As a result, for example, for push-through assembly, as a rule additional element to add a washer. Overall, this known anchor is for a push-through installation not very suitable, because then its sleeve can get stuck in the object to be fastened when the expansion body with the help of the fastening screw into the deepest part of the Bohrlocnes is pushed in.

We also already know a dowel with one to be expanded Sleeve and a partially conical expansion body in which there is a preformed internal thread. This is re its pitch matched to the external thread of the associated fastening screw, which is a wood screw thread or has a thread similar to a wood screw. whose...

Outline shape tapers conically at the screwing tip of this fastening screw. The nut thread in the expansion body narrows accordingly at the inner end, so that the expansion body is also widened there. This dowel has also a connecting nose between the expansion cone and the sleeve, so that when you insert the expansion screw the Can bring the sleeve over the expansion cone and its nose pulling into the borehole. In practice this has However, for many decades, known dowels cannot be introduced, which may be related to the fact that for the unavoidable tolerances on the screw thread there is no adequate compensation option or that the manufacturing accuracy with regard to the matching of the screw and nut threads, the requirements are too high for practice would have to be asked. In addition, with this dowel there is a risk that the threads of the cone ' or the screw cannot cope with the load when screwing in the screw. The narrowing of the clear diameter in the expansion core in relation to the other dimensions influencing the load capacity the screw and the expansion cone play a role, especially if this expansion cone is made of metal. Also works the following negative results: The expansion sleeve is on the outer jacket with a strongly profiled sawtooth profile educated. In this way, there is a corresponding mode of operation given by the other geometric relationships in particular the risk that the inner end of the expansion sleeve will bend up and that it will be axially too Direction of narrow, ring-like fastening areas between the expansion sleeve and the surrounding hole wall comes. A secure fixing over an elongated cylindrical surface, as is desirable for generating large holding forces, is not guaranteed here. Even with this one Dowels indicate the screw shaft and screw head diameter in an unfavorable relationship to the necessary borehole diameter.

Finally, a dowel-like device is already known for attaching objects to walls, in particular for holding facade cladding and the like.

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is provided. It has an elongated, tubular, longitudinally slotted sleeve and one at its inner end attached expansion cone and a fastening screw for it. This is also done with a wood screw type Provided thread and this must then either under I a corresponding effort in the expansion cone | work and / or otherwise perform significant displacement work. Or there is no exact collaboration between the thread of this screw and the nut thread of the usually made of metal Expansion cone. After tightening the fastening screw, a comparatively narrow, annular fastening zone at the inner end of the elongated expansion sleeve. About the task and how it works this device is therefore not quite comparable with a dowel according to the invention.

The previously known dowels provided with an expansion cone accordingly still have numerous disadvantages, including also their increased manufacturing effort and their strong dependence on relatively precisely manufactured wood screws heard.

One usually knows, including those already made of plastic one-piece dowels, the expansion part of which is expanded with the help of wood screws and thereby in the drill hole is set; With these dowels, the wood screw cuts its "nut thread", at least for the most part even into the expansion leg of the dowel. Accordingly, the tolerances of such wood screws mentioned at the beginning no great demands made. As a result, these one-piece plastic dowels and the for it suitable wood screws or the like. manufactured comparatively cheaply and can be easily relocated, possibly even by non-specialists. Such a plastic dowel and one Fastening screw or the like. However, existing fasteners with wood screw threads have the significant Disadvantage that a relatively large amount of force is required to fix them.

of several dowels in one closed operation can already have a significant impact on work performance even with trained workers, especially when it comes to dowels of medium and large size Diameter, i.e. those of diameters of about 8 mm and larger. But also when laying dowels smaller diameter, the screwing work, which is usually carried out by hand, is a considerable burden, especially when numerous dowels have to be screwed in. In addition, for both large and small diameter dowels, that a relatively large number of revolutions must be carried out in the fastening screw and accordingly the expenditure of time is great.

Furthermore, these well-known and proven plastic dowels have the following disadvantage: The pull-out values scatter relatively strongly and depend, among other things, on the tolerances of the diameter of the fastening hole and strongly dependent on the size and possibly also the penetration depth of the selected fastening screw. Among unfavorable Under circumstances which, however, often cannot be calculated in advance, the minimum load capacity can drop considerably.

The invention has therefore set itself the task of creating a dowel that on the one hand with respect to a light Manufacturability with the last-mentioned one-piece plastic dowel is at least approximately comparable and by means of a wood screw or the like. Wood screw thread having fastening element spread or set in the borehole wall can be. On the other hand, this dowel should have the best possible and above all uniform pull-out values. On the one hand, this wood screw or the like. the usual ones May have tolerances and, on the other hand, in particular the effort and time required to screw in the Fixing screw can be reduced significantly. This should then reduce the total cost of manufacture and assembly of the dowel at least about the same as the known one-piece plastic dowels bey if possible but better. . .

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If necessary, the anchor should at least partially, preferably made entirely of plastic and, if possible, both in hard wall material such as concrete and in Softer wall material such as aerated or aerated concrete can be used.

To solve this problem, it is proposed in particular for the dowel of the type mentioned that the undeformed Internal thread of the expansion body Internal thread gaps compared to the associated external profile of the external thread turns are provided with some axial clearance, and that the expansion body at least with respect to one essential Section of its threaded area is somewhat axially flexible such that the contact surface between the external thread and the internal thread enlarged under load.

With such a dowel, you can use the appropriate wood screw Easily screw it into the internal thread of the expansion body without applying any particular force, even if this wood screw or the like. Fastener both in terms of the thread pitch as well as the thread outer and thread core diameter larger tolerances have, as it is commercially available for such wood screws. The cutting of the threads and the displacement of considerable proportions of dowel material, as is the case with previously known wood screws with corresponding tolerances cooperating dowels is common, is largely avoided. It has been shown that the subsequent Fixing the expansion anchor with significantly less number of revolutions and can be done with significantly less effort than when setting previously known one-piece plastic dowels using wood screws is required. It has also been shown that because of the special training of the Internal thread of the expansion body initially only a small contact surface between the external thread in an intended manner the screw or the like in the preformed internal thread. of the expansion body exists, but this is the first time

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pull something in the axial direction and, because of its conical guidance in the expansion sleeve, also deformed somewhat inward to a certain extent in the radial direction. Experiments have shown that the gaps existing in relation to the external thread in the internal thread essentially disappear when the dowel is fixed, and this internal thread becomes
the expansion body to the external thread of the fastening screw or the like. adapts. The design according to the invention is of particular benefit to the dowel, namely that the spaces provided for tolerance compensation in the thread area are distributed relatively evenly over the entire course of the internal thread. Accordingly, the individual need
Material particles of the expansion body cover only comparatively small displacement or displacement paths, | so that the internal thread is completely or at least close to j; | too completely to the contour shape of the external thread of the loading | fixing screw can adjust. In this process, j; the force transmission surface between the external thread and the internal thread is enlarged and it takes place
practically such a precise axial fixing of the fastening screw, as if there were an internal thread specially adapted to the individual fastening screw used. In addition to the special design of the internal thread according to the invention, a corresponding axial resilience of the expansion body and the radially inwardly directed forces occurring during the expansion process contribute to this. With a screw or the like that matches the dowel.
The tolerance deviations admissible according to the industrial norms and also beyond that have an effect in practice
Tolerance deviations customary in the trade are not disadvantageous for such screws. You can use such dowels
For example, make two pieces of plastic comparatively cheaply and provide them with wood screws, which are also comparatively cheap to manufacture because they do not have to be subject to any special dimensional accuracy requirements.

Preferably, the sleeve of the dowel can at least over a few threads at the beginning of the drawing in of the expansion body enclose. This achieves that the internal thread turns radially after the first load internally directed forces occur in the expansion sleeve, in particular its threaded area. According to the invention in general The desired reinforcement of the thread turns is favored from the start.

Additional developments of the inventions are listed in the features of the further subclaims. They give Features of the 3. Demand more detailed geometric designs of the thread of the expansion body.

It has been shown that when the dowel is manufactured from materials customary for plastic dowels and used in a hard wall material such as concrete, which allows the fastening screw to be tightened or the expansion body to be drawn in It takes approximately the following sequence: At the beginning of the fastening, the initial situation is that a normal, tolerance-afflicted Wood screw with at least one thread or one thread section in the internal thread of the expansion body comes to the point. When the wood screw is then tightened, the thread expansion cone expands a little. The risk of doing that Excessive stretching and thus tearing off of plastic threads can occur because of the cooperation the tapered expansion body with the corresponding conical or the like. dowel sleeve surrounding him avoided. While the axial load then results in sufficiently large radial forces which the expansion body with its threads push inwards.

If the material in which the anchor is to be fastened is softer, e.g. for aerated concrete values of around 35 kg / cm strength falls below, one is in order to improve the functionality of the anchor according to the invention or even safer to make, take additional measures to avoid overloading the individual threads or thread sections of the To avoid expansion body. One measure is, for example, to make the expansion body out of a plastic with the material values according to · --dem: 4 ".. AnspTUtzh / to be provided.

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Such a design of the expansion body makes the dowels according to the invention then both when used with hard wall materials such as concrete as well as with softer wall building materials possible. Another measure to achieve high strength values in the expansion body is specified in the 5th claim, the measures of the 4th and 5th claim both individually as well as in combination with each other.

Claim 6 gives - comparable to spoke 3 - a geometric configuration of the thread of the expansion body at.

In the axial direction, the adaptability of the expansion body the possibly different loads on threads or thread sections due to the measures of the 7th claim facilitated.

Easier adaptation to diameter tolerances of the wood screw, in particular on their thread core diameter, but also generally easier deformation in a radial direction Inward direction is favored by the measures of claim 8.

The measures of claims 9 and 10 are particularly beneficial the push-through installation. By this measure, the expansion sleeve is separated from the one with the fastening screw in (until then still looser.) Connection standing expansion body pulled, so that unwanted expansion in this assembly stage the expansion sleeve is avoided.

The measures of claims 11 to 14 represent aids for assembling the expansion body and expansion sleeve. As a result, production can also be kept inexpensive.

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According to claim 15, the expansion body preferably has an outer cone and the expansion sleeve is corresponding educated.

According to the measures of claim 16, the expansion effect of the expansion body can be increased.

It has been found that the expansion area of the sleeve axially considerably through the measures of the 17th claim can extend and thereby increase the pull-out forces.

The measures of the 18th claim can then determine of the dowel, especially in slightly softer wall material, especially because the aforementioned expansion joints can work radially deeper into the material than the rest of the expansion sleeve. At the same time it will the radially inward forces on the expansion sleeve increased, which is because of the already mentioned Especially with softer wall material this is particularly desirable.

An important object of the invention is to design the dowel so that the in one or in a few Embodiments as possible: is equally suitable for different areas of application, e.g. for attachment in soft or hard wall material, but also especially for push-through installation. The measures according to the Claims 20 to 25 show different features, each by itself or in combination with each other, the pushing through with a part to be fastened (e.g. wooden battens). In practice it is common that E.g. wood laths with the same masonry drill bit behind it, but less suitable for drilling out wood Wall to be pierced. This results in slightly smaller clear diameters in the wooden battens than in the Rock. Accordingly, the insertion of the expansion sleeve would encounter considerable resistance there. this will

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largely reduced by the aforementioned measures, as in claims 20 to 24. It will be by the Measures of claim 23 combines the advantages of an unslit sleeve with those of a slotted sleeve. In the case of a slotted sleeve, there may be a certain disadvantage with regard to the retraction of the expansion body appear; this can namely, if the slot is axially continuous, with a part in this Deform the slot into it. As a result, less material is offered in one area, which is within narrow limits to something worsened spreading effect or can lead to reduced pull-out values. By a jagged or overlapping one Slot training is a relatively equal range of materials over the entire circumference of the cone 'of the Spreader reached.

Through the measures of claim 24, in particular through the sharp-edged outer edge of the annular bead a kind of expander for the wooden hole or the like. formed, whereby the subsequent pushing through of the expansion sleeve is made much easier.

Due to the measure of claim 25, an improved anti-twist protection of the expansion body is achieved because of the flat sides achieved, with very simple means, especially when the greatest screw-in forces occur.

By the measures according to claims 27 and 28, the possibility of clawing the expansion sleeve is increased, and although according to the 28th claim by relatively minor profiling. This has the major advantage that a comparatively large dowel material volume in a uniform manner in the actual fastening zone Available. This is beneficial for producing high levels of extract.

A good cooperation between Spreizkörius and ^spreading: sleeve can be seen especially when the cone angle is the

made of plastic expansion body according to claim 35 selects. Known versions of expansion bodies made of metal often have a comparable cone angle of around 15. For the dowel according to the invention in the plastic version on the other hand, a cone angle oC of about 10 ° has proven particularly useful. According to a further development of this embodiment the clear angle of the inner cone in the expansion sleeve is about 2 to 3 smaller compared to the corresponding one Outer cone angle in the expansion body (see. Claim 36). It is true that wall anchors are already made of metal known, the angles between corresponding inner cone and outer cone surfaces differ by about 2 to 3 ° to train. In the case of the metal version of wall anchors, however, a line-like contact is intended and thereby a reduction in friction when pulling in. With the subject of the registration, especially where both the expansion sleeve and the expansion cone are made of plastic and accordingly a larger one for these parts Deformability than is the case with metal can quickly be achieved over a large area by the measures of claims 35 and 36 System between the cone of the expansion body and the corresponding inner cone of the expansion sleeve and accordingly also a quick attack of this sleeve on the borehole wall.

Further details of the invention can be found in the following description in conjunction with the drawing and in the Refer to the individual features of the claims.

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It show in different scales:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a dowel according to the invention with separated from the sleeve Expansion body,

2 shows a partial longitudinal section of a conical body provided with a conventional thread Screw not in accordance with the invention,

Fig. 3 is a view roughly corresponding to Fig. 2, here each-) but with a thread according to the invention, as well as accordingly

the anchor according to the invention;

4 shows a partial longitudinal section of a dowel with loosely screwed in and

5 with the fastening screw firmly screwed in and the expansion body retracted,

5a shows a partial longitudinal section of an expansion body with a modified one Inner thread,

6 shows a half-side longitudinal section of an expansion body,

Fig. 7 shown greatly enlarged, partial longitudinal sections of

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Expansion bodies with fastening screws with different tolerances,

Fig.io different views of a longitudinally slotted Expansion body,

13 shows a partial longitudinal section and

Fig. 14 is a side view and

15 shows an end view of an expansion body,

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16 shows a partial longitudinal section, one in a borehole located dowel with screw,

17 shows the inner end of a dowel sleeve with different; up to 19 deeply drawn-in expanders,

Fig. 20 is an end view of the inner end of a with

an insertion aid equipped dowel sleeve and

21 shows a longitudinal sectional view of this dowel sleeve end,

22 is a perspective view of a modified version of the invention Dowel,

23 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of one in a borehole

located dowel according to Fig. 22 in unspread as well

Fig. 24 in the spread state,

25 shows a partially longitudinally slotted dowel in longitudinal section,

26 is a perspective view of a modified embodiment an anchor according to the invention,

27 shows a wood veneer partially drilled through by a masonry drill,

28 shows a fastening point on a wall with a wooden panel to be fastened and an attached one Dowel with fastening screw,

29 shows a further modified embodiment of a dowel according to the invention,

30 shows an expansion body, shown in section on one side,

Fig. 31 is an end view of the expansion body shown in Fig. 30,

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32, in a highly schematic manner, the inner end region of a; ■ and 33 longitudinally slotted dowel sleeve,; |

34 shows a dowel anchored in a borehole in the wall and | j

FIG. 34a an enlarged section of the profiled dowel jacket shown in FIG. 34,

35 shows a partially inserted into a wall borehole Dowels and a wood facing to be fastened by means of push-through assembly,

36 shows a cross section according to the section line A-A 'in FIG. 35, f

37 shows a partial longitudinal section through part of the dowel and a corresponding wall section similar to FIG. 24, this wall material here consists of hard material such as concrete and

38 shows a partial cross-section through the dowel according to section line BB ¹ in FIG. 37.

A dowel 1 shown in Fig. 1 has a sleeve 2 and an expansion body 3, which are here for clarity from each other are shown separately.

The expansion body 3 can be drawn into the sleeve 2 from the inner insertion end 4, with its outer cone 8 being the Sleeve jacket 5 expands in areas. In this embodiment, the expansion zone is to facilitate expansion Dowel sleeve 2 slotted. A fastening screw 7 can be pushed through from the outer end 6 of the dowel sleeve 2 and can be screwed into the expansion body (see. Fig. 28). To do this, points

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the expansion body has a preformed internal thread, which makes it easier to screw in the screw 7.

For a better explanation of the invention, an internal thread J made in a nut part M is shown in FIG shown, which corresponds to the threads of the external thread 11 of a conventional fastening screw 7 in outline.

Since the commercially available fastening screws, in particular with regard to the contour shape of their penetrating into the expansion body Areas with considerable tolerances would usually also apply to preformed internal threads J Difficulties occur when screwing in. Therefore, the internal thread 90 belonging to the invention faces opposite hitherto known internal threads have a different shape and the main difference is, in principle, good from a comparison FIGS. 2 and 3 can be seen. The internal thread 90 designed according to the invention also allows use strongly tolerant fastening screws 7. With him, the internal thread gaps 10 are in comparison designed for the contour profile of the external threads 11a of the fastening screw 7 with axial clearance, which e.g. can be clearly seen in the arrangements according to the invention according to FIGS. 7 to 9. This axial clearance is distributed evenly over the thread area (see e.g. Fig. 6-9 and 23, 24 and 37) In the case of a fastening screw with a nominal dimension (FIG. 9), there is an axial play between the spaces 10 through the Screw 7 and the expansion body present, this axial mobility of the clear width of the spaces 10 is equivalent to. The clear distance between the spaces delimited by mutually facing internal thread flanks 12 10 is dimensioned so that both screws with tolerance-related maximum size (Fig. 7), as well as those with Tolerance-related smallest dimension (Fig. 8) without material deformation, at least can be screwed in without significant material deformation. In particular, the distance corresponds to a the mutually facing inner flanks 12a (FIG. 7) of the first and last thread turn of the

Internal thread 9o approximately the distance between these flanks 12a facing flanks 13a of the external thread 11 of a tolerance-afflicted Fastening screw 7 with the largest dimension. On the other hand, the distance b also corresponds to each the outer flanks 12b assigned to the first and the last internal thread turn are the distance between the flanks 12b facing these flanks Flanks 13b of the external thread 11 of a tolerance-afflicted fastening screw 7 with the smallest dimension (Fig-8). As a result, screws 7 lying within this maximum tolerance limit can be used without the material deformation or displacement takes place. The edge spacings used in FIGS. 7 and 8 a and b are related here, for example, to the center of the radial height of the internal threads. the However, the aforementioned spacing ratios apply to each area of the corresponding flanks.

In the exemplary embodiments, the internal thread 9o of the expansion body 3 has thread spaces 1o with approximately trapezoidal cross-section, the thread depth roughly corresponding to that of the thread 11 of the fastening screw 7.

It is also of essential importance that the expansion body 3 at least over a substantial part of the threaded area is approximately axially flexible. This can be achieved by selecting the appropriate material, plastic is preferred. For example, the material of the expansion body can have a modulus of elasticity of at least 7.5oo N / mm ^ with a tensile strength of at least 100 N / mm ^. The compliance of the expansion body 3 with sufficient strength and good dimensional stability of the outer cone 8 at the same time in the dowel 1 according to the invention of essential importance,

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It is provided that with increasing load an internal thread section to the initially existing bearing contact surface between the internal and the external thread further sections of the external thread come into play on the internal thread. This burden occurs when the expansion body 3 is drawn into the sleeve 2. The aforementioned process is good with reference to Figures 4 and 5 manageable. First, "carries" in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, only the one associated with the first thread turn of the internal thread 9o located in the sleeve Inner flank 12a. As the expansion body 3 is drawn in further, the size of the screw increases tensile force to be transmitted to the expansion body 3. As a result, a desired deformation occurs in the thread area of the expansion body 3, with further threads of the internal thread 9o on the threads of the external thread 11 of the fastening screw 7. This increases the bearing surface of the internal thread, so that finally the situation shown in FIG. 5 occurs, in which the internal thread 9o has adapted practically completely to the external thread of the fastening screw 7 by deformation. Possibly can also use the internal thread 9oa shown in FIG. 5a because of its adaptability, which may be more favorable under certain circumstances can be used advantageously in the deformation. This thread 9oa has rounded transitions of the thread flanks to the spaces of the internal thread 9oa.

Because of the ; conflicting requirements, namely on the one hand the desired deformability in the thread area and on the other hand, a good dimensional stability of the outer cone, it can be useful in certain applications, if the expansion body has a fiber insert or the like. Has reinforcement, which is preferably mounted in the cone area.

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In order to facilitate the deformability of the expansion body 3 in the axial direction, it can also have a weakening point 15, which, as shown in FIG. 6, expediently by a circumferential, open-edged radial ring groove 16 is formed. This is located here approximately in the middle area of the axial extent of the expansion body 3. Due to this weakening point 15, the expansion body 3 can move in its threaded area when a load is applied altogether change something in its length, so that the deformation in the actual thread area if necessary can be reduced. In addition, there is a division through one or more such weakening points of the expansion body created in several axial areas in which the dimensioning of the internal thread gaps 1o only to the tolerance deviation of the external thread 11 of the fastening screw occurring in this axial area must be coordinated. The total length deviation of an external screw thread depends on the given individual tolerance deviation of adjacent thread turns namely also from the number of thread turns. The smaller the axial extent the areas of the expansion body that are delimited by weak points, the smaller it can be be the clearance formed by the spaces Io. The weak points then deform under load reinforced, so that also thereby a good adaptation with increasing enlargement of the supporting contact surface of the Thread is reached.

The outer cone 8 is roughly adapted to an inner cone located in the sleeve 2, the cone angle <λ of the outer cone 8 being only approx. 2 ° to 3 ° larger than the cone angle β of the inner cone of the sleeve 2 (FIGS. 25, 10, 14, 16). As a result, when the expansion body 3 is drawn into the sleeve 2, the two conical surfaces quickly come into contact over a large area and

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reach the sleeve on the borehole wall.

In order to increase the expansion of the sleeve 2, the threaded hole of the expansion body 3 can close narrow conically towards their end with the largest diameter, as shown in FIG. There are axially oriented ones Slits 17 are provided (FIGS. 14, 15), which facilitate the spreading of the cone body. the The spreading of the cone body caused by the fastening screw 7 is transferred to the sleeve 2, see above that this on the one hand by the axial retraction of the expansion body 3 and also by its radial Spreading is widened. If the pull-in path is short, this can result in good anchoring of the Dowel 1 can be achieved.

14 shows that the outer cone 8 is followed by a cylindrical section 18, the diameter of which is corresponds approximately to the outer diameter of the sleeve 2 (Fig. 16). This cylindrical portion 18 holds the Sleeve jacket in the expanded position even when the expansion body 3 is drawn into the sleeve over the conical area, so that as a result the axial extent of the effective contact surface on the borehole wall is comparatively large.

The dowel 1 is itself formed from a unit of sleeve 2 and expansion body 3, as can be seen, for example, in FIG. 22. To connect these two parts, driver elements 19 acting in the insertion direction are provided (FIGS. 13, 14, 16), which in the exemplary embodiment are formed on the one hand by two opposing, approximately radially protruding lugs 20. On their side facing the insertion end 4, these lugs 20 have stop surfaces 21 and opposite, facing the outer end 6, run-up bevels 22. On the other hand, the driver elements 19 also include window-like recesses 23 (FIGS. 1 to 19) which are provided in the sleeve 2 and which cooperate with the noses 2o of the expansion body 3. The noses snap, already at the ^; loose spigot ends

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of the expansion body 3 into the recesses 23 of the sleeve 2; the sleeve 2 is not yet expanded (Fig. 16). By the previously described "latching" of the two dowel parts with each other is also prevented that the expansion body 3 when screwing in the fastening screw 7 rotates with it, because the sleeve 2 already after being inserted into the wall drill hole 24, e.g. through ribs 25 (Fig. 1) or the like. Anti-twist protection already somewhat determined is.

For joining the sleeve 2 and the expansion body in the correct position 3 insertion aids 26 are provided on the sleeve 2 (FIGS. 17 to 21). Serve in each case in the axial Direction with the window-like recesses 23 aligned, approximately V-shaped edge recesses 2 7 of the insertion end 4 of the dowel facing edge of the sleeve 2.

17 to 19 show, in different phases, how the edge recesses 27 are caused by the recesses running onto their slopes Noses 2o center the expansion body 3 in the radial direction, so that the noses into the window-like Recesses 23 are guided and snap into place there. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2o and 21 are the edge recesses 27 covered by the outer jacket of the sleeve. These edge recesses 27 have a smaller one radial depth as the wall thickness of the sleeve The arrows drawn on the inside are intended to have the centering effect clarify.

22 to 24 show an expanding tongue 28 on the sleeve 2. On the opposite side of the Sleeve 2 is preferably provided a further expanding tongue. These can be expanded radially from the cone body, the noses 2o with their bevels engage under the free ends of the expansion tongues 28 when the expansion body is drawn in (FIG. 24). The tongues 28 provide for an additional anchoring of the anchor 1, especially when Setting in softer building materials can be advantageous

The dowel 1 according to the invention is also well suited for a so-called push-through installation, in which, as can be seen in FIGS. 28 and 35, the dowel 1 with the fastening screw 7 partially screwed in, but the sleeve 2 not expanded, is inserted through the part to be fastened into the wall borehole 24 will. When drilling through the part to be fastened, for example from a wooden battens 31 or the like. can exist (FIG. 27), and when drilling the wall hole 24 at the same time, masonry bits 29 with special cutting surfaces are usually used. This creates a slightly smaller clear bore hole diameter in the wood than in the rock. As a result, the insertion of the anchor 1 can encounter considerable resistance there. For this reason, various means are provided in the dowel 1 according to the invention in order to reduce the friction, in particular on the push-through part (for example wooden battens 31). For this purpose, the anchor sleeve 2 one or more axial, from the outer end through an axial portion extending slots 3o (eg Figs. 28 and 29), whose width is matched to the through ^r \ no deformation to be bridged radial tolerance. As a result, the dowel sleeve 2 can give somewhat radially when it is pushed through the borehole in the wooden battens 31, so that the push-through resistance is reduced as a result. The slots 3o can also have a zigzag-shaped (FIG. 29) and / or an overlapping (FIGS. 32 and 33) edge profile 32. As a result of the jagged slot formation or the overlapping slot formation, a relatively equal supply of materials is achieved over the entire circumference of the cone 8. As a result, the advantages of an unslit sleeve can be combined with those of a slotted sleeve.

As a further means for facilitating push-through assembly, in the area of the expansion body 3 a radially protruding annular bead 33 - as in Fig. 3o

recognizable - be provided. This indicates at its the '..., · (., Sleeve 2 facing side has an expansion bevel 34 and on its side facing the insertion end a sharp-edged trained outer edge 35. The radial height of the annular bead 33 depends on the diameter ratios the bores of the push-through part (31) and the wall borehole 24 or their differences in diameter matched after drilling for a push-through installation. For example, with a largest cone diameter of the expansion body 3 of 7.8 mm is the outer diameter of the circular bead 33 be 8.1 mm. The annular bead 33 is used when inserting the dowel 1 through the Push-through part (e.g. wooden battens 31) to widen the slightly narrower hole compared to the wall drill hole 24 in the wooden battens 31 or the like. This will make the pushing through the sleeve 2 is made much easier. This is also the case with these expanding bodies, which are provided with an annular bead 33 3, the sleeve can be provided with the already mentioned slot 3o, which is also to facilitate Pushing through the dowel 1 contributes. Finally, the sleeve 2 can also at least for the same purpose in a region of its axial extent a reduction in the Tness of the tness exhibit.

'The cross-section of a part in a wall of borehole 24, and partly still in a located to be fastened wood part sleeve 2, Fig. 36. The cut in this case runs along the section line A ¹ in Fig. 35. Significantly is the opposite in the timber 37 the wall borehole 24 smaller diameter of the wooden borehole recognizable. In order to obtain a comparatively low penetration resistance in the area of the wood 37 in spite of this narrowing of the borehole, the sleeve 2 here has a special longitudinal profile 38 which promotes elastic, radial yielding of the sleeve jacket 5. The jacket is brought together somewhat radially in the narrower wooden drill hole.

Ϊ '. ^{/ 24}

^ 24 - I!

t · * * t * It r - «ft ·

presses, where it is shaped like an accordion. <■,:

Fig. 31 and, for example, also Fig. 28 show that the one adjoining the cone 8 of the expansion body 3 cylindrical section 18 has approximately tangentially oriented flat sides 36, which rotate the dowel unit can hinder the tightening of the fastening screw 7.

In addition to the often considerable tolerances with regard to the axial distances between the threads 11a of the fastening screw 7, this usually also has larger tolerances for its thread core diameter. To the solution this problem can, as shown in Fig. 1o to 12, the expansion body 3 be formed longitudinally slotted (slots 17a), so that a good adaptation to different core diameters is possible by expanding.

In the expansion area of the anchor 1, an external profile can also be provided to improve the pull-out values (Fig. 34, 34a), here by a sawtooth-like circumferential protruding radially only slightly e.g. 0.2 mm Ribbing 39 is formed, the approximately radially oriented surfaces of which point towards the outer end of the sleeve 2. Because of the uniform spreading effect and the flat contact with the borehole wall in the case of the one according to the invention Dowel 1, one can advantageously get by with this small profile depth t.

In the case of soft building materials in particular, a somewhat longer Shank of the dowel sleeve 2 may be advantageous. The actual spreading and holding zone becomes something as a result moved deeper into the wall borehole, so that excessive edge loading of the wall material is avoided.

/ 25

With conventional wood screws can according to the standard regulations a thread turn already have a tolerance of - 0.2 mm.

With five threads, this can mean a tolerance of 2 mm, which is on the order of magnitude the pitch of a thread. As already mentioned, there are also numerous wood screws on the market where the tolerance is even greater than the norms.

It is an essential advantage of the invention that, in the case of the dowel described above, wood screws with the aforementioned Tolerances can be used without further ado and that nevertheless that displacement work in the penetration of the Fastening screw can be largely avoided, which are used in previously known plastic dowels Not only a typical wood screw thread can do this be used in a fastening element, but also, for example, a round thread or the like., The correspondingly large Has gradients in order to be able to set itself in an adapted thread of the expansion body 3.

An essential aspect of the present invention is that the internal thread 90 of the expansion body 3 in the undeformed state intentionally from the course of the associated External thread 11 of the fastening screw or the like. deviates, taking into account their practical Tolerance range.

As practical tests have shown, no practical result occurs during the first screwing in of the fastening screw significant deformation of this internal thread 90, with a sufficiently accurate axial connection between the Fastening screw or the like. and the expansion body 3 is reached in order to insert the entire dowel 1 into its fastening hole and to be able to put it in the desired position.

V. ^{/ 26}

- 26 -

During the tightening of the ße: i * s';; :: & £ ungsraub a certain deformation of the threads 90 and the associated part of the expansion body then takes place in a desired manner. Nevertheless, this screwing-in and fixing process of the screw remains relatively smooth.A further essential aspect of the invention is that, on the one hand, no hard, brittle or too tough plastic is used for the expansion body 3, but on the other hand, this takes the loads on its internal threads 90 on the other hand, it is elastically deformable to the extent that its central area can adapt, as can be seen particularly well from a comparison of FIGS. The invention systematically exploits the cooperation between the outer cone 8 of the expansion body and the inner cone of the expansion sleeve 2 in the sense that the radially inwardly directed forces that arise thereby help to adapt the inner area of the expansion body to the outer contour of the fastening screw 7 , as can also be seen particularly well from FIG. The invention also includes the aspect that the above-described mode of action, in particular when attaching the anchor 1 in hard materials such as concrete. as a rule are even slightly better than with comparable one-piece plastic dowels Y Kannter design. Furthermore belongs to the invention that with very soft building materials such as aerated concrete, whose strength is below 35 kg / cm, special precautionary measures should be taken to ensure that the adaptation of the internal thread area of the expansion body 3 to the outer contour of the The fastening screw according to FIGS. 4 and 5 also takes place when the material of the surrounding wall is somewhat softer. Erfindüngsgemäß "care must therefore _it; getragenwerdenj that the

—97—

Expansion body 3 is sufficiently tough and stable, on the other hand,
that sufficiently strong inwardly directed radial forces
be effective. One measure of favoritism is that
Selection of plastics with those specified in the 4th claim
physical constants. Another measure is shown and described in connection with FIGS.

An essential inventive feature consists in the following:

The from the provided with a cylinder portion 18 expansion 'body 3 and the sleeve 2 in their undeformed state in

an axial portion 41 of the later Anpreßbereiches environmentally {summed volume is somewhat larger than the associated volume |

i of the wall borehole 24 in the same axial section 41 of this';

Contact area. It is assumed that the?

Cylinder section 18 of the expansion body 3 at least one |

Length Z \ of a third of the diameter D5 of this ab- \

has section and that the corresponding wall borehole 24 i

does not exceed the usual tolerance dimensions. Here j

the dowel 1 would move when the expansion body 3 \,

in the sleeve 2, if you do this outside of a wall borehole 24 I

executes, spread such that in this section 41 |

a volume protrudes radially on the dowel material, which is approximately the ξ

Wall thickness d of the sleeve 2 corresponds in this area. f

See in particular FIGS. 23, 24 and 37 and 38. Here, j

is the diameter of the cylinder section 18 of the expansion \

body 3 at least almost equal to the diameter D4 of the jj

Dowel sleeve in the undeformed state. If you follow this process ί

carries out within the dowel hole 24, therefore offers \

corresponding to the dowel 1 at least approximately over the length 1 1 \

of the cylinder section 18 of the expansion body above all. Excess volume exerting pressure in the radial direction
compared to the corresponding volume of the wall borehole 24
at. Accordingly, the expansion body 3 in particular is deformed,

and that it fits with its internal thread on the one hand ι external thread 11 of the associated fastening screw 7 to
on the other hand, presses the expansion body; -3i the 'sleeve! 2 there against ..-. ··,
the wall drill hole 24 and thus places the dowel 1 in

• j; at least one axial section 41 framed. As has been found in tests, there is also a secure fixing and high pull-out values of the anchor when unfavorable conditions exist. Such unfavorable conditions within the scope of the permissible tolerances can e.g. the meeting of a wall drill hole 24 with a large borehole diameter together with the use of a fastening screw 7 be with a small thread diameter. This inventive training is still through further measures favored. As can be seen well from FIG. 34, the sleeve 2 is essentially cylindrical with an approximately smooth outer surface 40 formed. Although it has a section of its expansion area, which with a wall anchoring aid, namely a rib 39 is provided. However, this is only slightly radial in the dowel according to the invention profiled. It is sawtooth-shaped in the axial direction Rib 39, the radially oriented surfaces of which point towards the outer end 6 of the sleeve 2. Here is the tread depth The rib 39 is only about 0.2 mm large (FIG. 34a). Stronger incisions, circumferential grooves or the like. Profiling of the dowel outer jacket is avoided.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the desired volume ratios discussed above can be achieved well by that in the undeformed dowel 1, the screw shaft diameter D1 to the diameter D2 of the wall borehole and to the dowel diameter D4 at least roughly as 3: 5: 4 restrained. In addition - see FIGS. 34 and 19 - the screw head diameter D3 is related to the wall borehole diameter D2 and for the dowel diameter D4 at least roughly 6: 5: 4. In practice this means that e.g. for a dowel with a diameter of D4 = 8 mm, the screw head diameter D3 = 11.8 mm, the wall drill hole diameter D2 = 10 mm and the screw shaft diameter D1 is approximately 6.6 mm. On the one hand, this has the advantage that the screw head diameter D3 as much * larger -is · than the wall hole- ^.; ··

^ .. / 29

Diameter D / 2, that one often, on a washer can do without. On the other hand, it entails that the area of the threads 11 of the fastening screw comes to lie very close to the edge of the dowel. This measure, which is not harmless in itself, is, however, in the Invention exploited to a further advantage. In connection with the special design of the internal thread 90 of the expansion body 3 results in comparatively short paths for the individual participating in the deformation Particles of the expansion body 3.

As already explained, the cylinder section 18 has the expansion body 3 according to an embodiment according to the invention a diameter D5, which is at least approximately equal to the outer diameter D4 of the anchor 1 or the anchor sleeve is the same see Fig. 19 and 23). The ones described above favor the high and even pull-out values According to a further development of the anchor 1 according to the invention, volume ratios can be achieved by the following measures reach. When the dowel 1 is not deformed, the dowel sleeve 2 has a wall thickness d of approximately 0.8 mm in the expansion area in the case of dowels with a small dowel diameter D4 and one that initially becomes larger as the dowel diameter D4 increases Wall thickness d, which for dowels with a dowel diameter D4 of 10 mm and greater d = 1.6 mm. In Fig. 37 is at the outermost end of the sleeve 2, the wall thickness is denoted by d2. This outermost run-out area of the sleeve is for however, the characterization is less suitable. The value of the in the conical area is characteristic Wall thickness d or the value d1 which detects the full wall thickness (Fig. 37). The wall thickness d in question relates to So the full wall thickness d1 or the mean wall thickness d in the conical area, not the one or the other Reason weakened wall thickness d2 at the inner end of the sleeve (see also e.g. Fig. 20).

/ 30

* Y \ J tr- »· 1"> · ·

Under dowels with a small diameter 'so'lle' 'darbe i * so] * cht be understood with D4 of about 6 mm, under dowels with a larger diameter those with a .Durchmesser U4ä «on 10 mm and more. The for the explained volume ratios The contributing wall thickness d is therefore for dowels with a diameter D4 of about 6 mm to d of about 0.8 mm, then increases approximately linearly with increasing dowel diameter up to dowels with D4 from 10 mm to d = 1.6 mm and remains then essentially constant with even larger dowels.

The previously discussed design of the anchor according to the invention with its diameter ratios, those of its sleeve 2 and its expansion body 3 and the wall thickness d of this sleeve and the volume ratios of dowel material and wall drill hole in the pressing area 41 interlocking and supporting in individual combinations or in total combinations together. Even if the axial section 41 of the pressing area (see Fig. 34) is relatively long, e.g. according to the invention of the length of a dowel diameter D4 or even longer and if this results in very favorable, i. large pull-out values are achieved, however, there is no need for too great a deformation of the material of the dowel sleeve 2 and of the expansion body 3 to be carried out. Accordingly, you can get there with much less effort than with comparable ones Plastic dowels. Nevertheless, tolerances can be made, e.g. large borehole diameters or small ones Bridge the fastening screws well. This is also something to do with the fact that the displacement of the anchor according to the invention the dowel material is not mainly caused inside on the attack surface of the fastening screw and must be brought into effect on the jacket area of the dowel at the wall of the borehole; rather, in comparison for one-piece plastic dowel, in the dowel according to the invention the displacement also partially into the thread area relocated. The deformations take place on the dowel according to the invention more in the vicinity of those points where they correspond de force is introduced, including the conical design of the expansion body 3 and the comparatively thick screw shaft With contributions. These favorable conditions are also not adversely affected.

flows, v w-hen the axial section 18 or; de ι ^v entire ._ ■ · ■ JK

Expansion body 3 and its internal thread 7 a corresponding i; |

have large axial extension. This larger axial er- |

Elongation, especially the corresponding length of the cylinder $

However, the section 18 favor the size of the extract | j

values. "

In Figures 23 and 24 is a dowel 1 with two
opposite tongues 28 is equipped (see. Fig. 22)
shown how it works in a comparatively soft wall material such as aerated concrete. Its expansion sleeve 2 and expansion body 3 are made of suitable tough, elastic
Made of plastics. In Fig. 37 it is easy to see how || the equally equipped with tabs 28 as anchor 1 brought into '> a hard wall materials for concrete plant
is. If the sleeve 2 and the expansion body 3 accordingly

the representations according to FIGS. 28 to 31 and 28 to 36 for | a push-through assembly is formed, is such a | ^(Plastic dowels universally applicable, namely both for hard and soft materials as well as simple
as with push-through installation. However, the dowel according to the invention is in terms of its overall expenditure
inexpensive to manufacture and assemble.

You can plug the inventive well as ^complete: with the mounting screw compile 7 already provided fixing unit and so put into circulation.
You then have a certain guarantee that a fastening screw of the appropriate size is used,
whereby the corresponding minimum pull-out values are also ensured. Under "suitable fastening screw 7" is
but not one particularly with regard to their tolerances
Understood screw selected on the expansion body internal thread. It's just a matter of finding the right screw
Order of magnitude is already provided for with the dowel.

All of the features listed in the description and the claims can be used individually or in any combination with one another
inventions.en.tlich seki ··· · ■

Claims (1)

2. Dowel, the one at least partially radially flexible sleeve, one retractable therein and it thereby widening expansion body and possibly a rotation lock, this expansion body a preformed Has internal thread for receiving a fastening element provided with an external thread, in which the The outline of the area penetrating into the expansion body may have considerable tolerances, characterized in that the undeformed internal thread (90) of the expansion body (3) Internal thread gaps (10) are provided in such a way that in relation to the associated contour profile the external thread (11a) of the fastening screw remains somewhat axial play, and that the expansion body (3) somewhat axially flexible at least with respect to a substantial portion of its threaded area is designed such that the contact surface between the external thread and the internal thread enlarged under load. Dowel according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sleeve (2) at the beginning of the drawing-in of the expansion body (3) encloses this at least over a few thread turns (11). S / Re / 2 Dowel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that with the internal thread (90J of the expansion body, which in a known manner has at least two threads) (3) the clear distance between the spaces delimited by the mutually facing inner thread flanks (12a) (10) is greater than the axial extent of corresponding points of the external threads and that the in itself known Way from somewhat deformable material existing expansion body (3) at least in the axial direction so resilient it is designed that, when an internal thread section is loaded, further sections of the external thread (11) on the internal thread (90) come into play, preferably the internal thread (90) of the expansion body (3) Has thread gaps with approximately trapezoidal cross-section and expediently the thread depth approximately the of the thread of the fastening elements. Dowel according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least the expansion body made of plastic, preferably made of plastic with a modulus of elasticity of at least 7500 N / mm and one Tensile strength of at least 100 N / mm and that a sleeve (2) made of plastic preferably has a modulus of elasticity of at least 2000 N / mm with a tensile strength 2
has a speed of at least about 60 N / mm. / 3 -z- 5. Dowel according to one or more of claims j to 4, characterized in that the expansion body (3) a fiber core od, the like. Has reinforcement. 6. Dowel according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the distance the facing flanks (12a) of the first • and the last thread turn of the internal thread (9o) or an internal thread section thereof about the Distance between the flanks (13a) of the external thread (11) facing these flanks in the functional position Consideration of the tolerance-related maximum dimension of the distances between the external threads corresponds to and that the distance between the outer flanks (12b) assigned to the first and last internal thread approximately the distance between the flanks (13b) of the external thread facing these flanks in the functional position (11) taking into account the tolerance-related smallest dimension of the distances between the external threads gear corresponds to. 7. Dowel according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the expansion body at least ei "^ weakening point (15) to facilitate a change in its axial length, which is preferably provided approximately in the middle region of the axial extent of the expansion body (3) and expediently by a circumferential, open-edged Radial ring groove (16) is formed. 8. Dowel according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the expansion body (3) at least partially has at least one longitudinal slot (17), the width of which on the through Deformation to be bridged radial tolerance is matched. 9. Dowel according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the expansion body (3) engages the sleeve at least by means of a driver element (19) acting in the insertion direction. 10. Dowel according to claim 9, characterized in that as a driver element (19) on the expansion body (3) at least one approximately radially protruding nose (2o) and on the sleeve (2) a cooperating with this window-like recess (23) or the like. intended is. 11. Dowel according to claim 1o, characterized in that the expansion body (3) preferably two opposite one another Has lugs (2o) which on their sides facing the insertion end (4) each have an approximately radially oriented stop surface (21) and opposite it, to the outer end (6) of the dowel (1) pointing, each have a run-up slope (22). 12. Dowel according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that for joining together in the correct position the sleeve (2) and the expansion body (3) insertion aids (26) are provided. 13. Diibel according to claim 12, characterized in that as an insertion aid (26) in each case in the axial direction preferably V-shaped edge recesses aligned with the window-like recesses (23) of the sleeve (2) (27) of the insertion end (4) of the Sleeve (2) facing edge are provided. 14. Dowel according to claim 12 and 13, characterized in that that the edge recesses (27) provided as insertion aid (26) have a smaller radial depth than the wall thickness of the sleeve (2) is in this area and that they are provided in the interior of the sleeve. 15. Dowel according to one or more of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the expansion body (3) in in a manner known per se, has an outer cone (8) which / at least approximately matches the inner cone of the sleeve (2) is. 16. Dowel according to one or more of claims 1 to ¹ S, characterized in that the threaded bore of the expansion body (3) towards the dowel insertion end (4) narrows, preferably conically, and there has a weakening point facilitating expansion. 17. Dowel according to one or more of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the cone (8) of the expansion body (3) towards the insertion end (4) is connected to a cylindrical section (18), the axial length of which (1 1) preferably makes up at least 1/3 of the outer diameter (D5) of this section (18). 18. Dowel according to one or more of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the sleeve (2) at least / 6 one that can be disengaged approximately radially from the expansion body (3) Has expanding tongue (28) that preferably two opposing expanding tongues (28) are provided which are approximately axially oriented and preferably with the window-like recesses (23) of the sleeve (2) are axially aligned and point with their free end to the insertion end (4) of the sleeve (2). 19. Dowel according to one or more of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the sleeve (2) in the insertion area one, preferably two opposite, in particular axial expansion slots, the opposite the window-like recesses (23) of the sleeve (2) are preferably arranged offset by 90 °. 20. Dowels in particular for carrying out push-through assemblies according to one or more of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that on the sleeve (2) to reduce the sleeve friction on the perforated wall, in particular the perforated wall of the push-through part (wooden battens 31) Means for reducing the friction between dowel sleeve (2) and push-through part provided are. 21. Dowel according to claim 2o, characterized in that the sleeve (2) has a diameter reduction in at least one area of its axial extent. 22. Dowel according to one or more of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the sleeve (2) has one or several axial slots (3o) extending from the outer end over an axial section of the sleeve having. / 7 23. Dowel according to claim 22, characterized in that, (since: e » Long sides of a slot (30) in the sleeve (2) have an overlap profile, in particular a zigzag profile and / or has an overlapping edge profile (32). 24. Dowel according to one or more of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the enlarged diameter Area of the expansion body (3) has a radially protruding annular bead (33) or the like. is provided that at their the The side facing the sleeve (2) has an expansion bevel (34) and preferably one on its side facing the insertion end (4) Has sharp-edged outer edge (35). 25. Dowel according to one or more of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the one attached to the cone (8) of the expansion body (3) adjoining cylindrical section (18) approximately tangentially oriented flat sides (36) having. 26. Dowel according to claim 1 to 25, characterized in that that of the expansion body (3) provided with a cylinder section (18) and the sleeve (2) in the undeformed state in a later axial section (41) of the pressing area is slightly larger than the volume of the wall borehole (24) in the same axial section (41) of this pressing area, the expansion body (3) at or after when it is drawn into the sleeve (2), its internal thread area adapts to the external thread (11) of the screw (7) and pressing the sleeve (2) firmly against the wall borehole. 27. Dowel according to one or more of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the sleeve (2) at least in Expansion area is essentially cylindrical with an approximately smooth lateral surface (40) and optionally at least in /8th a section of its expansion area a preferably - _M only slightly radially protruding Wandve.rankerungs.hilfe. 28. Dowel according to claim 27, characterized in that the wall anchoring aid is a sawtooth-shaped, circumferential Ribbing (39) or the like. Has profiling whose approximately radially oriented surfaces to the outer end (6) of the sleeve (2) have, and that preferably the profile depth (t) of the ribbing (39) or the like. is only about 0.2 mm (see Fig. and 34a). 29. Dowel according to claim 1 to 28, characterized in that when the dowel (1) is undeformed, the screw shaft diameter Relate (D1) to the wall hole diameter (D2) and to the dowel diameter (D4) at least roughly as 3: 5: 4. 30. Dowel according to claim 1 to 29, characterized in that when the dowel (1) is undeformed, the screw head diameter (D3) to the wall drill hole diameter (D2) and to the dowel diameter (D4) at least roughly as 6: 5: 4. 31. Dowel according to claim 1 to 30, characterized in that when the dowel (1) is undeformed, the dowel sleeve (2) is in the expansion area a wall thickness (d) of about 0.8 mm for dowels with a smaller dowel diameter (D4). 32. Dowel according to claim 1 to 30, characterized in that when the dowel (D1) is undeformed, the dowel sleeve (2) is in the expansion area has a wall thickness (d) of about 1.6 mm for dowels whose diameter (D4) is about 10 mm and larger. 33. Dowel according to claim 1 to 32, characterized in that the largest outer diameter (D5) of the expansion body (3), preferably its cylinder section (18) or the like. Expansion body part, approximately the outer diameter (D4) of the undeformed anchor. (.1), corresponds to. (cf. _c .Fig ... J [9) .. .., 34. Dowel according to claim 1 to 32, characterized in that at least the transitions of the thread flanks (12) to the Gaps of the internal thread are rounded. 35. Dowel according to claim 1 to 34, characterized in that the cone angle (o (.) Of the conical part of the plastic existing expansion body (3) is about 7 to 13 °, preferably about 10 °. 36. Dowel according to Claim 1 to 35, characterized in that the cone angle (/ 3) of the expansion sleeve is about 2 to 3 than the angle (ei) of the cone angle. smaller 37. Dowel according to claim 1 to 36, characterized in that the expansion body (3) with respect to its cross-section under- . has different mechanical strength, preferably a higher elasticity in the thread area than in the edge area having. 38. Dowel according to claim 37, characterized in that the reinforcement of the expansion body (3) over its cross section is distributed differently, e.g. by a corresponding distribution of a glass fiber reinforcement, 39. Dowel according to claim 1 to 38, characterized in that it is designed as a complete fastening unit and contains the fastening screw (7) that matches it. - patent attorney -