EP0069661B1 - Automatic sheet folding machine - Google Patents

Automatic sheet folding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0069661B1
EP0069661B1 EP82401240A EP82401240A EP0069661B1 EP 0069661 B1 EP0069661 B1 EP 0069661B1 EP 82401240 A EP82401240 A EP 82401240A EP 82401240 A EP82401240 A EP 82401240A EP 0069661 B1 EP0069661 B1 EP 0069661B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet
bending
bending machine
folding
jaws
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82401240A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0069661A1 (en
Inventor
Jean Triouleyre
Jean Rousselin
Patrick Schmit
Philippe Gondry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ETS Y JOUANEL SA
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ETS Y JOUANEL SA
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Publication date
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Priority to AT82401240T priority Critical patent/ATE12191T1/en
Publication of EP0069661A1 publication Critical patent/EP0069661A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
    • B21D43/02—Advancing work in relation to the stroke of the die or tool
    • B21D43/04—Advancing work in relation to the stroke of the die or tool by means in mechanical engagement with the work
    • B21D43/10—Advancing work in relation to the stroke of the die or tool by means in mechanical engagement with the work by grippers
    • B21D43/105—Manipulators, i.e. mechanical arms carrying a gripper element having several degrees of freedom
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/04—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves on brakes making use of clamping means on one side of the work
    • B21D5/042—With a rotational movement of the bending blade

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automatic sheet bending machine.
  • the folding machines of known types are machines comprising a frame provided with two vertical pillars whose spacing defines the maximum width of the sheets to be folded, a horizontal table fixed on the frame and intended to support the sheet to be folded , a clamp movable vertically so as to clamp the sheet against the table and having a leading edge which defines the fold line, and an apron which constitutes the actual folding member.
  • this deck is placed on the front of the frame, below the upper horizontal plane of the table, and it can pivot around an upper horizontal axis so that its upper edge, in contact with the sheet metal fold, ensures the folding of the latter of the desired angle.
  • systems are provided for adjusting the position of the pivot axis of the deck relative to the table.
  • the worker must turn the sheet vertically before presenting the new folding line in coincidence with the working edge of the table then he repeats the operations described above .
  • the worker must rotate the sheet horizontally by 180 ° to reorient the new fold line in coincidence with the edge work table before starting the actual folding process again.
  • An automatic folding machine has been proposed (FR-A No 2307592) in which the sheet is arranged vertically in a fixed position, between two pliers with a horizontal leading edge articulated on a fixed frame, the machine comprising two folding members arranged symmetrically with respect to the sheet and mounted on articulated supports to fold the sheet either in one direction or in the other.
  • This arrangement avoids having to turn the sheet between two successive folds, but the arrangement of the clamps articulated on the frame does not allow the sheet to then be folded on its opposite edge.
  • the mounting of the folding members which allows large displacements of these can affect the accuracy of these, especially in the case of high stresses.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a machine which allows an automatic unfolding of the various operations of adjusting the machine, of bending of the sheets in both directions and of possible reorientation of the sheets between two bending phases, and to a large extent. range of powers and folding dimensions.
  • the invention therefore provides a machine of the type stated in the preamble of claim 1, and which makes it possible to solve the problem posed by virtue of the features stated in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the machine according to the invention responds to an original principle concerning the movements of the sheet metal and of the folding members.
  • the sheet is fixed relative to a frame; and in machines allowing folding in two opposite directions, the folding members move towards the sheet.
  • the machine according to the invention on the contrary, there are two stationary folding stations with respect to the frame, and the sheet is moved towards one or the other according to the operation which it is desired to do.
  • the aprons are arranged vertically one above and the other below the clamps, these being themselves superimposed, and being able to move vertically towards one or the other of the aprons, in that the lower clamp has, horizontally, larger dimensions than the upper clamp in order to serve simultaneously as a sheet support table, and said means for generating and coordinating the different movements of the folder include connection and actuation means of said clamps to produce, on the one hand, a relative vertical movement of the two clamps to ensure the tightening and loosening of a sheet and, on the other hand, a vertical movement of the assembly of the two clamps in order to bring them into the said upper and lower horizontal working planes and, in addition, in any appropriate intermediate position.
  • a structure in which the sheet is kept in a horizontal position results in simpler handling thereof than a structure such as that of FR-A No 2307692, where the sheet is vertical and must therefore be kept naked on its opposite sides during any movement.
  • the folder according to the invention shown in perspective view in FIG. 1, comprises a fixed frame 1 in the form of a gantry, which is provided with pillars 2, of U-shaped cross section, interconnected by upper and lower horizontal crosspieces.
  • This frame can be made of mechanically welded sheet metal.
  • the machine according to the invention comprises on the front an upper apron 3 and a lower deck 4, the sheet to be folded being moved into a folding position by the respective deck using a set of two clamps 5, 6, which is movable vertically in slides secured to the pillars of the frame.
  • the upper deck 3 is articulated on the frame of the folder by means of fixed pivots 7, which are aligned so as to define a horizontal pivot axis.
  • the lower deck 4 is articulated in the same way on the frame by means of fixed pivots 8 defining a horizontal pivot axis.
  • the two aprons carry, along their working edges, that is to say respectviement below for the upper apron and above for the lower apron, folding tools 9, 10.
  • the aprons are coupled with their respective fixed pivots by means of an adjustment device, which will be described in detail below and which makes it possible to modify the position of the working edge of the bending tool relative to the corresponding pivot axis as a function of the bending parameters, that is to say in particular the thickness and mechanical characteristics of the sheet to be bent, the bending radius, the direction of rolling of the metal, etc.
  • the completely lower edge of the folding tool of the upper apron and the completely upper edge of the folding tool of the lower apron respectively define horizontal planes of start of folding, designated by P ,, P and constituting reference planes, extremely important in which the sheet metal to be bent must be transferred before the actual bending operation begins.
  • the upper pliers 5 comprises a lower horizontal surface for clamping the sheet which is terminated at its front part by a rule 11; furthermore, its front face is inclined 45 ° towards the rear, as indicated at 12 in FIG. 1, in accordance with a characteristic of the present invention which will be explained below.
  • the lower clamp 6 has an upper horizontal sheet clamping surface, terminated on its front edge by a rule 13. This horizontal surface has a greater extent than that of the upper clamp in order to simultaneously serve as a sheet support table for to fold.
  • the front face of the lower clamp, designated by 14 in FIG. 1 is also inclined 45 ° backwards, for the same purpose as the surface 12 of the upper clamp.
  • the two clamps are mounted by their lateral ends in transmissions, designated respectively by 15 and 16 and shown in particular in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the first group of transmissions 15 allows the relative displacement of two clamps 5, 6 for the tightening and loosening of a sheet to be bent
  • the second group of transmissions 16 allows the vertical displacement of the assembly of the two clamps between the two horizontal reference planes P ,, P z defined by the extreme edges of the aprons.
  • the structure which has just been described constitutes, in the machine, the actual folding system.
  • a sheet engaged between the two clamps 5, 6 so as to rest on the lower clamp6 is clamped between these two clamps and it can be brought into one of the above-mentioned horizontal reference planes, that is to say in the upper horizontal plane P, when it is to be folded down by the upper deck 3 and in the lower horizontal plane P 2 when it is to be folded up by the lower deck 4.
  • a bending line positioning device which comprises members coming into contact with the rear edge of the sheet so as to thus adjust the bending line in the correct position. relative to the working edge of rule 13 of the lower clamp 6.
  • This device comprises two rear stops 17, 18 which are mounted on respective arms 19, 20 integral with the lower clamp 6 and whose longitudinal direction is oriented perpendicular to the rule 13 of this clamp.
  • the stops 17, 18 can be moved in this longitudinal direction using independent motorized mechanisms, for example of the screw and nut type, so that they can be brought closer or further away from the working edge of said rule 13.
  • the arms 19, 20, can slide by means of a sliding transmission 21 and a dovetail slide 22, along the clamp 6, which produces a displacement of the stops 17, 18 parallel to rule 13 of this clamp.
  • each rear stop is equipped with fixing members in position of the sheet, these members being able to be magnetic plates, suction cups, jaws, or any other suitable means.
  • the sheet reorientation device comprises a table 23 comprising an upper plate 24, for example of square shape, which is intended to support and hold the sheet and which is equipped with members for fixing the sheet in position, such as magnetic plates 35, suction cups 34 or other suitable gripping means.
  • This tray 24 of the table is mounted on a barrel 25 in which it can rotate around its axis, this barrel itself being secured to a lower base 26, which can slide or roll on a track, materialized in the example considered by two rails 27a, 27b, which are connected to the base of the folder perpendicular thereto.
  • This track can also be connected to the folder in the same way as the arms 19, 20 carrying the rear stops 17, 18, in order to be able to execute a translational movement in one direction parallel to rule 13 of the lower clamp 6, for a purpose which will be explained below.
  • the plane defined by the upper plate 24 of the reorientation table 23 constitutes an important reference plane in the machine, as will be explained below.
  • the rails 27a, 27b are replaced by a raceway located in height, and on which the rotary table is suspended, which clears the ground.
  • table 23 has rotated 180 °. However, as indicated above, it is possible to rotate this table by an angle different from 180 ° in order to orient a sheet bending line at an appropriate angle which cannot be established using the stops 17, 18.
  • table 23 comes into action only for the orientation or reorientation of the sheets. It is however possible to provide that it is also used during the operations of supplying and evacuating the sheets, the raceway being arranged accordingly. In particular, if it is suspended from a raceway located at a height, it is advantageous to provide that it is also vertically movable and that the raceway is arranged to allow the table to come and pick up the sheets on a conveyor or a pallet, and / or to deposit them, after treatment, on a means of evacuation.
  • Fig. 8 shows an embodiment according to such a variant.
  • the raceway consists of rails 27c located in height and which is suspended from the table 23, which can be provided with magnetic plates or suction cups, and which can rotate around a vertical axis.
  • the supply means here consist of a scissor lift 40 which carries a pallet 41 on which are stacked the sheets 30 which must be processed by the folder.
  • the evacuation means are here constituted by a conveyor belt 42.
  • the table 23, moving along the raceway 27c, can transport the sheets between the pallet 41, the folder and the evacuation means 42, all keeping the possibility of orienting the sheets for the different phases of the work of the folder, as described above.
  • the means for handling the sheets described with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4D, and even more in FIG. 8, constitute a real robot which can also be used in connection with other machines, for example machines for forming, drilling or cutting by stamping or stamping.
  • FIGS. 1, 5A and 5B Fig. 1 shows that the axes of rotation 7, 8 of the upper and lower aprons are fixed.
  • Fig. 1 shows that the axes of rotation 7, 8 of the upper and lower aprons are fixed.
  • bending parameters such as the thickness and nature of the sheet metal, the direction of rolling, the bending radius, etc.
  • the folder according to the invention includes improvements in this respect which allow this adjustment to be carried out both manually and automatically. Because the arrangements provided for the upper and lower decks are symmetrical with respect to a horizontal plane, we will only describe one in the following.
  • the lower apron 4 has on its two lateral edges flanges 33 forming crank supports and on each of which is fixed a slide 31 comprising a groove which is oriented, after fixing in position of the slide, at 45 ° relative to the median plane longitudinal of the deck. In this groove is engaged a slide 32 which is itself integral with the corresponding pivot 8 of the deck 4.
  • Another feature of the folder according to the invention which distinguishes it from the prior art relates to the possibility of initially tilting one or the other of the aprons 3, 4 in a position making an angle of 45 ° towards the rear. from the center plane of the folder. This initial adjustment is made possible by the structure highlighted in fig. 6, which is a cross-sectional view of the lower clamp 6 and of the lower deck 4.
  • the lower clamp of the folder according to the invention is provided with a structure with a triangular cross section and it has a front face 14 which is inclined 45 ° towards the rear, which allows the initial adjustment of the lower apron 4 in a position parallel to this face 14 , as shown in fig. 6.
  • the plane P z it is then necessary to equip the deck with a folding tool 10 having the profile indicated in the figure.
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B an example of working of a sheet, which has been previously folded and whose next folding, to be carried out along the new line designated by 36, can only be carried out by initially placing the deck in a position shifted towards the 45 ° rear.
  • the folder according to the invention makes it possible to complete a staple-shaped fold, that is to say a fold in which the edge of the sheet is completely turned over. backwards at an angle of 180 °: in this case, a rough bending is first carried out using a tool making it possible to obtain a bending angle of the order of 170 °; then, place this extreme part of the sheet between the two rules of the upper and lower clamps and lower the upper clamp so as to push the turned edge towards the plane of the sheet to complete the folding at 180 °, said clamp superior then playing the role of a press punch.
  • the folder according to the invention is equipped with all motors and transmission members. sion and adjustment of dimensional and angular strokes of appropriate types, that is to say electric, hydraulic, pneumatic or others.
  • the machine can be equipped, for the control and coordination of the various movements, with a simple digital control system of CN type or of digital control with computer of CNC type. It is also possible to provide suitable devices on the machine for displaying the various folding parameters.
  • the folder makes it possible to have, side by side, between the two pillars 2 of the frame 1, several work stations, two of which are shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2. It is then possible to manufacture several parts at the same time, of different dimensions but with similar geometric shapes.
  • a pair of rear stops 17, 18 is provided; 17 ', 18' and a reorientation table 23, 23 '.
  • the folder can be installed in an automatic production line and in this case the sheet metal supply to the workstations and the evacuation of the finished parts are carried out automatically by all appropriate means.

Abstract

An automatic sheet metal folding machine comprises two gripping members and upper and lower folding members disposed respectively above and below the gripping members. The folding members are pivotally mounted about pivot axes generally fixed during folding operations. The gripping members are adapted to clamp the sheet of metal therebetween and bring the sheet of metal to an upper or lower horizontal reference plane for folding, or some position therebetween. The upper folding member folds sheet metal downwardly and the lower folding member folds sheet metal upwardly, thereby avoiding having to turn over the sheet of metal. An orientation table may be associated with the actual folding machine for turning around a sheet of metal between successive folding operations and/or feeding and discharging the sheet of metal into and out of the folding machine.

Description

La présente invention concerne une plieuse automatique de tôles.The present invention relates to an automatic sheet bending machine.

D'une façon générale, les plieuses de types connus sont des machines comportant un bâti pourvu de deux piliers verticaux dont l'écartement définit la largeur maximale des tôles à plier, une table horizontale fixée sur le bâti et destinée à supporter la tôle à plier, une pince déplaçable verticalement de façon à serrer la tôle contre la table et comportant un bord d'attaque qui définit la ligne de pliage, et un tablier qui constitue l'organe de pliage proprement dit. Dans les réalisations connues, ce tablier est placé sur l'avant du bâti, en dessous du plan horizontal supérieur de la table, et il peut pivoter autour d'un axe horizontal supérieur de manière que son bord supérieur, en contact avec la tôle à plier, assure le pliage de cette dernière de l'angle désiré. Pour tenir compte des rayons de pliage et des épaisseurs de tôles, il est prévu des systèmes de réglage de la position de l'axe de pivotement du tablier par rapport à la table.In general, the folding machines of known types are machines comprising a frame provided with two vertical pillars whose spacing defines the maximum width of the sheets to be folded, a horizontal table fixed on the frame and intended to support the sheet to be folded , a clamp movable vertically so as to clamp the sheet against the table and having a leading edge which defines the fold line, and an apron which constitutes the actual folding member. In known embodiments, this deck is placed on the front of the frame, below the upper horizontal plane of the table, and it can pivot around an upper horizontal axis so that its upper edge, in contact with the sheet metal fold, ensures the folding of the latter of the desired angle. To take into account the bending radii and the thicknesses of the sheets, systems are provided for adjusting the position of the pivot axis of the deck relative to the table.

Le pliage d'une tôle dans une plieuse du type connu est généralement effectué de la manière suivante:

  • Après réglage de l'axe de pivotement du tablier en fonction des paramètres de pliage, l'ouvrier place la tôle de manière que la ligne de pliage, préalablement tracée, coïncide avec le bord de travail de la table, qui correspond évidement au bord de travail de la pince; il fait ensuite descendre la pince pour serrer la tôle en position puis il actionne le mécanisme d'entraînement du tablier pour le faire tourner de l'angle désiré, le pliage étant toujours effectué dans un seul sens vertical, c'est-à-dire du bas vers le haut.
The folding of a sheet in a folding machine of the known type is generally carried out in the following manner:
  • After adjusting the pivot axis of the deck according to the folding parameters, the worker places the sheet so that the fold line, previously drawn, coincides with the working edge of the table, which obviously corresponds to the edge of pliers work; it then lowers the clamp to clamp the sheet in position and then activates the drive mechanism of the deck to rotate it by the desired angle, the folding being always carried out in one vertical direction, that is to say from the bottom to the top.

Si la tôle doit être pliée dans le sens opposé suivant une autre ligne, l'ouvrier doit retourner verticalement la tôle avant de présenter la nouvelle ligne de pliage en coïncidence avec le bord de travail de la table puis il répète les opérations décrites ci-dessus.If the sheet is to be folded in the opposite direction along another line, the worker must turn the sheet vertically before presenting the new folding line in coincidence with the working edge of the table then he repeats the operations described above .

En outre, si la tôle doit être pliée dans le même sens, mais sur son bord opposé et suivant encore une autre ligne, l'ouvrier doit faire pivoter horizontalement la tôle de 180° pour réorienter la nouvelle ligne de pliage en coïncidence avec le bord de travail de la table avant de recommencer le processus de pliage proprement dit.In addition, if the sheet is to be folded in the same direction, but on its opposite edge and following yet another line, the worker must rotate the sheet horizontally by 180 ° to reorient the new fold line in coincidence with the edge work table before starting the actual folding process again.

Cette description succincte d'une séquence d'opération de pliage met bien en évidence le problème de manutention qui se pose avec les machines connues et elle montre que la plus grande partie du temps affecté au pliage d'une tôle est consacrée à des opérations manuelles de déplacement de la tôle.This brief description of a bending operation sequence clearly highlights the handling problem which arises with known machines and it shows that most of the time allocated to bending a sheet is devoted to manual operations. sheet movement.

On a proposé (FR-A No 2307592) une machine automatique de pliage dans laquelle la tôle est disposée verticalement dans une position fixe, entre deux pinces à bord d'attaque horizontal articulées sur un bâti fixe, la machine comportant deux organes de pliage disposés symétriquement par rapport à la tôle et montés sur des supports articulés pour plier la tôle soit dans un sens, soit dans l'autre. Cette disposition évite d'avoir à retourner la tôle entre deux pliages successifs, mais la disposition des pinces articulées sur le bâti ne permet pas de plier ensuite la tôle sur son bord opposé. D'autre part, le montage des organes de pliage, qui permet des déplacements importants de ceux-ci peut nuire à la précision de ceux-ci, surtout dans le cas de fortes contraintes.An automatic folding machine has been proposed (FR-A No 2307592) in which the sheet is arranged vertically in a fixed position, between two pliers with a horizontal leading edge articulated on a fixed frame, the machine comprising two folding members arranged symmetrically with respect to the sheet and mounted on articulated supports to fold the sheet either in one direction or in the other. This arrangement avoids having to turn the sheet between two successive folds, but the arrangement of the clamps articulated on the frame does not allow the sheet to then be folded on its opposite edge. On the other hand, the mounting of the folding members, which allows large displacements of these can affect the accuracy of these, especially in the case of high stresses.

On connaît également (FR-A No 22403126, EP-A No 0022122) des machines à plier le bord des tôles dans lesquelles la tôle est maintenue dans une position fixe, horizontale, cependant qu'un organe de travail unique à section en forme de U et pourvu d'une surface d'attaque à l'extrémité de chacune de ses branches se déplace de façon à plier le bord de la tôle vers le haut ou vers le bas. Les possibilités de telles machines sont limitées par les dimensions de l'organe de travail, en particulier la largeur et la profondeur de sa section en U.There are also known (FR-A No 22403126, EP-A No 0022122) machines for bending the edge of the sheets in which the sheet is held in a fixed, horizontal position, while a single working member with section in the form of U and provided with an attack surface at the end of each of its branches moves so as to bend the edge of the sheet up or down. The possibilities of such machines are limited by the dimensions of the working member, in particular the width and depth of its U-shaped section.

Le but de l'invention est de fournir une machine qui permet un déroulement automatique des différentes opérations de réglage de la machine, de pliage des tôles dans les deux sens et de réorientation éventuelle des tôles entre deux phases de pliage, et ce dans une large gamme de puissances et de dimensions de pliage.The object of the invention is to provide a machine which allows an automatic unfolding of the various operations of adjusting the machine, of bending of the sheets in both directions and of possible reorientation of the sheets between two bending phases, and to a large extent. range of powers and folding dimensions.

L'invention fournit donc une machine du type énoncé dans le préambule de la revendication 1, et qui permet de résoudre le problème posé grâce aux particularités énoncées dans la partie caractéri- sante de la revendication 1.The invention therefore provides a machine of the type stated in the preamble of claim 1, and which makes it possible to solve the problem posed by virtue of the features stated in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Comme on peut le constater, la machine selon l'invention répond à un principe original concernant les mouvements de la tôle et des organes de pliage. Dans l'art antérieur, la tôle est fixe par rapport à un bâti; et dans les machines permettant le pliage dans deux sens opposés, les organes de pliage se déplacent vers la tôle. Dans la machine selon l'invention, au contraire, il existe deux postes de pliage fixes par rapport au bâti, et la tôle est déplacée vers l'un ou l'autre selon l'opération qu'on désire faire.As can be seen, the machine according to the invention responds to an original principle concerning the movements of the sheet metal and of the folding members. In the prior art, the sheet is fixed relative to a frame; and in machines allowing folding in two opposite directions, the folding members move towards the sheet. In the machine according to the invention, on the contrary, there are two stationary folding stations with respect to the frame, and the sheet is moved towards one or the other according to the operation which it is desired to do.

De préférence, les tabliers sont disposés verticalement l'un au-dessus et l'autre au-dessous des pinces, celles-ci étant elles-mêmes superposées, et pouvant se déplacer verticalement vers l'un ou l'autre des tabliers, en ce que la pince inférieure a, horizontalement, des dimensions plus grandes que la pince supérieure afin de servir simultanément de table de support de tôle, et lesdits moyens pour engendrer et coordonner les différents mouvements de la plieuse comprennent des moyens de liaison et d'actionnement desdites pinces pour produire, d'une part, un mouvement vertical relatif des deux pinces pour assurer le serrage et le desserrage d'une tôle et, d'autre part, un mouvement vertical de l'ensemble des deux pinces afin de les amener dans lesdits plans horizontaux supérieur et inférieur de travail et, en outre, dans toute position intermédiaire appropriée.Preferably, the aprons are arranged vertically one above and the other below the clamps, these being themselves superimposed, and being able to move vertically towards one or the other of the aprons, in that the lower clamp has, horizontally, larger dimensions than the upper clamp in order to serve simultaneously as a sheet support table, and said means for generating and coordinating the different movements of the folder include connection and actuation means of said clamps to produce, on the one hand, a relative vertical movement of the two clamps to ensure the tightening and loosening of a sheet and, on the other hand, a vertical movement of the assembly of the two clamps in order to bring them into the said upper and lower horizontal working planes and, in addition, in any appropriate intermediate position.

Une structure dans laquelle la tôle est maintenue dans une position horizontale aboutit à des manutentions plus simples de celles-ci qu'une structure telle celle de FR-A No 2307692, où la tôle est verticale et doit, par conséquent, être maintenue sur ses faces opposées pendant tout déplacement.A structure in which the sheet is kept in a horizontal position results in simpler handling thereof than a structure such as that of FR-A No 2307692, where the sheet is vertical and must therefore be kept naked on its opposite sides during any movement.

Selon d'autres particularités de la présente invention:

  • - les moyens de liaison et d'actionnement des pinces comprennent des transmissions à rainures et rangées de billes,
  • - le dispositif de positionnement de ligne de pliage de tôle comprend des butées réglables montées sur des bras reliés à la partie arrière de la pince inférieure formant table et contre lesquelles vient s'appliquer le bord arrière de la tôle à plier, lesdites butées étant déplaçables indépendamment l'une de l'autre sur lesdits bras, dans une direction perpendiculaire à la règle de ladite pince, tandis que lesdits bras sont, en outre, déplaçables dans une direction parallèle à ladite règle en vue de modifier l'espacement relatif desdites butées, et des moyens pour produire lesdits mouvements des butées et des bras,
  • - le dispositif de réorientation de tôle à plier comprend une ou plusieurs tables placées en arrière de la plieuse, reliées chacune à celle-ci par une voie correspondante et pouvant exécuter, sous l'action de moyens associés appropriés, d'une part, un mouvement de rotation autour de l'axe vertical de la table afin de faire tourner la tôle de l'angle approprié pour la réorienter et, d'autre part, un mouvement de translation dans une direction perpendiculaire aux axes horizontaux des tabliers, de façon à écarter la tôle de la plieuse avant sa rotation et de la réintroduire dans la machine après réorientation, ladite table étant pourvue de moyens appropriés pour fixer la tôle en position pendant l'exécution de la séquence de mouvements, lesdits moyens de fixation étant constitués par des plateaux magnétiques, ou bien des ventouses, ou bien des pinces, etc.,
  • - les moyens de réglage de la position spatiale des axes horizontaux des tabliers supérieur et inférieur sont constitués par des glissières fixées sur les parties latérales des tabliers respectifs en étant inclinées à 45° par rapport à leur plan longitudinal médian et qui coulissent, sous l'impulsion d'un mécanisme de réglage approprié qui peut être manuel ou automatique, sur des coulisseaux placés aux extrémités des axes fixes correspondants, ainsi que des organes pour bloquer lesdites glissières dans leurs positions respectives de réglage,
  • - la commande et la coordination des différents mouvements des composants de la plieuse sont assurées par un système de commande numérique, qui peut lui-même comprendre un calculateur.
According to other features of the present invention:
  • the means of connection and actuation of the clamps comprise transmissions with grooves and rows of balls,
  • the sheet metal bending line positioning device comprises adjustable stops mounted on arms connected to the rear part of the lower table clamp and against which the rear edge of the sheet to be bent is applied, said stops being movable independently of each other on said arms, in a direction perpendicular to the rule of said clamp, while said arms are, moreover, movable in a direction parallel to said rule in order to modify the relative spacing of said stops , and means for producing said movements of the stops and arms,
  • the sheet reorientation device to be folded comprises one or more tables placed behind the folder, each connected to the latter by a corresponding track and capable of executing, under the action of appropriate associated means, on the one hand, a rotational movement around the vertical axis of the table in order to rotate the sheet metal by the appropriate angle to reorient it and, on the other hand, a translational movement in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal axes of the decks, so as to move aside the sheet from the folder before it rotates and reinsert it into the machine after reorientation, said table being provided with suitable means for fixing the sheet in position during the execution of the sequence of movements, said fixing means being constituted by magnetic plates, or suction cups, or clamps, etc.,
  • the means for adjusting the spatial position of the horizontal axes of the upper and lower aprons consist of slides fixed on the lateral parts of the respective aprons, being inclined at 45 ° relative to their median longitudinal plane and which slide under the impulse of an appropriate adjustment mechanism which can be manual or automatic, on slides placed at the ends of the corresponding fixed axes, as well as members for locking said slides in their respective adjustment positions,
  • - the control and coordination of the various movements of the components of the folder are ensured by a digital control system, which can itself include a computer.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention seront mis en évidence dans la suite de la description, donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • la fig. 1 est une vue en perspective de l'avant de la plieuse selon l'invention,
  • la fig. 2 est une vue en plan de l'arrière de la plieuse,
  • la fig. 3 est une vue en coupe transversale de la plieuse,
  • les fig. 4A à 4D sont des schémas permettant d'expliquer les fonctionnements des divers composants de la plieuse selon l'invention,
  • les fig. 5A et 5B sont des vues en élévation et en coupe du mécanisme de réglage du tablier inférieur par rapport à ces pivots fixes,
  • la fig. 6 est une vue en coupe de la pince inférieure et du tablier inférieur, incliné de 45° vers l'arrière,
  • les fig. 7A et 7B montrent un exemple de pliage d'une tôle avec le tablier incliné initialement de 45° vers l'arrière,
  • la fig. 8 est un schéma, analogue à celui de la fig. 4A mais relatif à une variante.
Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will be highlighted in the following description, given by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • fig. 1 is a perspective view of the front of the folder according to the invention,
  • fig. 2 is a plan view of the rear of the folder,
  • fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the folder,
  • fig. 4A to 4D are diagrams making it possible to explain the operations of the various components of the folder according to the invention,
  • fig. 5A and 5B are views in elevation and in section of the mechanism for adjusting the lower deck relative to these fixed pivots,
  • fig. 6 is a sectional view of the lower clamp and the lower apron, inclined 45 ° towards the rear,
  • fig. 7A and 7B show an example of folding a sheet with the deck initially inclined 45 ° towards the rear,
  • fig. 8 is a diagram, similar to that of FIG. 4A but relating to a variant.

La plieuse selon l'invention, représentée en vue en perspective sur la fig. 1, comprend un bâti fixe 1 en forme de portique, qui est pourvu de piliers 2, à section droite en U, reliés entre eux par des traverses horizontales supérieure et inférieure. Ce bâti peut être réalisé en tôle mécanosoudée.The folder according to the invention, shown in perspective view in FIG. 1, comprises a fixed frame 1 in the form of a gantry, which is provided with pillars 2, of U-shaped cross section, interconnected by upper and lower horizontal crosspieces. This frame can be made of mechanically welded sheet metal.

Avant de poursuivre la description de la machine selon l'invention, il faut préciser la signification de deux termes, à savoir avant et arrière, qui seront d'une grande importance pour définir les positions relatives des composants et les sens de rotation. Ainsi, en considérant le bâti comme élément de référence, le terme avant désigne la zone à partir de laquelle les tôles sont introduites dans la machine et le terme arrière désigne la zone opposée.Before continuing the description of the machine according to the invention, it is necessary to clarify the meaning of two terms, namely front and rear, which will be of great importance in defining the relative positions of the components and the directions of rotation. Thus, considering the frame as a reference element, the term before designates the zone from which the sheets are introduced into the machine and the term rear designates the opposite zone.

A la différence des plieuses connues qui comportent une table fixe, destinée à supporter la tôle à plier et qui est solidaire du bâti, et un tablier inférieur de pliage, la machine selon l'invention comporte sur l'avant un tablier supérieur 3 et un tablier inférieur 4, la tôle à plier étant déplacée jusque dans une position de pliage par le tablier respectif à l'aide d'un ensemble de deux pinces 5, 6, qui est mobile verticalement dans des glissières solidaires des piliers du bâti.Unlike known folding machines which include a fixed table, intended to support the sheet to be folded and which is integral with the frame, and a lower folding apron, the machine according to the invention comprises on the front an upper apron 3 and a lower deck 4, the sheet to be folded being moved into a folding position by the respective deck using a set of two clamps 5, 6, which is movable vertically in slides secured to the pillars of the frame.

Le tablier supérieur 3 est articulé sur le bâti de la plieuse par l'intermédiaire de pivots fixes 7, qui sont alignés de façon à définir un axe horizontal de pivotement. Le tablier inférieur 4 est articulé de la même façon sur le bâti par l'intermédiaire de pivots fixes 8 définissant un axe horizontal de pivotement. Les deux tabliers portent, le long de leurs bords de travail, c'est-à-dire respectviement en bas pour le tablier supérieur et en haut pour le tablier inférieur, des outils de pliage 9, 10. En outre, les tabliers sont accouplés avec leurs pivots fixes respectifs par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de réglage, qui sera décrit en détail dans la suite et qui permet de modifier la position du bord de travail de l'outil de pliage par rapport à l'axe de pivotement correspondant en fonction des paramètres de pliage, c'est-à-dire notamment de l'épaisseur et des caractéristiques mécaniques de la tôle à plier, du rayon de pliage, du sens de laminage du métal, etc.The upper deck 3 is articulated on the frame of the folder by means of fixed pivots 7, which are aligned so as to define a horizontal pivot axis. The lower deck 4 is articulated in the same way on the frame by means of fixed pivots 8 defining a horizontal pivot axis. The two aprons carry, along their working edges, that is to say respectviement below for the upper apron and above for the lower apron, folding tools 9, 10. In addition, the aprons are coupled with their respective fixed pivots by means of an adjustment device, which will be described in detail below and which makes it possible to modify the position of the working edge of the bending tool relative to the corresponding pivot axis as a function of the bending parameters, that is to say in particular the thickness and mechanical characteristics of the sheet to be bent, the bending radius, the direction of rolling of the metal, etc.

Quand les deux tabliers se trouvent dans la position de repos, le bord complètement inférieur de l'outil de pliage du tablier supérieur et le bord complètement supérieur de l'outil de pliage du tablier inférieur définissent respectivement des plans horizontaux de début de pliage, désignés par P,, P et constituant des plans de référence, extrêmement importants dans lesquels la tôle à plier doit être transférée avant l'enclenchement de l'opération de pliage proprement dite.When the two aprons are in the rest position, the completely lower edge of the folding tool of the upper apron and the completely upper edge of the folding tool of the lower apron respectively define horizontal planes of start of folding, designated by P ,, P and constituting reference planes, extremely important in which the sheet metal to be bent must be transferred before the actual bending operation begins.

Cette opération de pliage est effectuée à l'aide de l'ensemble de pinces 5, 6. La pince supérieure 5 comporte une surface inférieure horizontale de serrage de tôle qui est terminée à sa partie avant par une règle 11 ; en outre sa face avant est inclinée de 45° vers l'arrière, comme indiqué en 12 sur la fig. 1, conformément à une caractéristique de la présente invention qui sera précisée dans la suite.This folding operation is carried out using the set of pliers 5, 6. The upper pliers 5 comprises a lower horizontal surface for clamping the sheet which is terminated at its front part by a rule 11; furthermore, its front face is inclined 45 ° towards the rear, as indicated at 12 in FIG. 1, in accordance with a characteristic of the present invention which will be explained below.

La pince inférieure 6 comporte une surface horizontale supérieure de serrage de tôle, terminée sur son bord avant, par une règle 13. Cette surface horizontale a une plus grande étendue que celle de la pince supérieure afin de servir simultanément de table de support de tôle à plier. En outre, la face avant de la pince inférieure, désignée par 14 sur la fig. 1, est également inclinée de 45° vers l'arrière, dans le même but que la surface 12 de la pince supérieure.The lower clamp 6 has an upper horizontal sheet clamping surface, terminated on its front edge by a rule 13. This horizontal surface has a greater extent than that of the upper clamp in order to simultaneously serve as a sheet support table for to fold. In addition, the front face of the lower clamp, designated by 14 in FIG. 1, is also inclined 45 ° backwards, for the same purpose as the surface 12 of the upper clamp.

Les deux pinces sont montées par leurs extrémités latérales dans des transmissions, désignées respectivement par 15 et 16 et représentées notamment sur les fig. 1 et 2. Le premier groupe de transmissions 15 permet le déplacement relatif de deux pinces 5, 6 en vue du serrage et du desserrage d'une tôle à plier, tandis que le second groupe de transmissions 16 permet le déplacement vertical de l'ensemble des deux pinces entre les deux plans horizontaux de référence P,, Pz définis par les bords extrêmes des tabliers. Pour permettre un mouvement aisé des deux pinces le long de leurs transmissions, il est avantageux de constituer celles-ci par des vis sans fin à rangées de billes, qui permettent la transmission de forces bien supérieures à celles des transmissions classiques, par exemple à vis et noix qui font intervenir un frottement élevé.The two clamps are mounted by their lateral ends in transmissions, designated respectively by 15 and 16 and shown in particular in FIGS. 1 and 2. The first group of transmissions 15 allows the relative displacement of two clamps 5, 6 for the tightening and loosening of a sheet to be bent, while the second group of transmissions 16 allows the vertical displacement of the assembly of the two clamps between the two horizontal reference planes P ,, P z defined by the extreme edges of the aprons. To allow easy movement of the two clamps along their transmissions, it is advantageous to constitute them by endless screws with rows of balls, which allow the transmission of forces much greater than those of conventional transmissions, for example screw and nuts that involve high friction.

La structure qui vient d'être décrite constitue, dans la machine, le système de pliage proprement dit. Une tôle engagée entre les deux pinces 5, 6 de manière à reposer sur la pince inférieure6 est serrée entre ces deux pinces et elle peut être amenée dans un des plans horizontaux de référence précités, c'est-à-dire dans le plan horizontal supérieur P, lorsqu'elle doit être pliée vers le bas par le tablier supérieur 3 et dans le plan horizontal inférieur P2 lorsqu'elle doit être pliée vers le haut par le tablier inférieur 4.The structure which has just been described constitutes, in the machine, the actual folding system. A sheet engaged between the two clamps 5, 6 so as to rest on the lower clamp6 is clamped between these two clamps and it can be brought into one of the above-mentioned horizontal reference planes, that is to say in the upper horizontal plane P, when it is to be folded down by the upper deck 3 and in the lower horizontal plane P 2 when it is to be folded up by the lower deck 4.

Cependant, avant l'enclenchement de l'opération de pliage proprement dite, il faut que la ligne suivant laquelle la tôle doit être pliée soit correctement réglée par rapport aux outils. Pour résoudre ce problème, il est prévu, sur la pince inférieure 6, un dispositif de positionnement de ligne de pliage qui comporte des organes entrant en contact avec le bord arrière de la tôle de façon à régler ainsi la ligne de pliage dans la position correcte par rapport à l'arête de travail de la règle 13 de la pince inférieure 6.However, before the actual folding operation begins, the line along which the sheet is to be folded must be correctly adjusted with respect to the tools. To solve this problem, there is provided, on the lower clamp 6, a bending line positioning device which comprises members coming into contact with the rear edge of the sheet so as to thus adjust the bending line in the correct position. relative to the working edge of rule 13 of the lower clamp 6.

On va décrire, en référence à la fig. 2, un mode de réalisation de ce dispositif de positionnement de ligne de pliage. Ce dispositif comporte deux butées arrière 17, 18 qui sont montées sur des bras respectifs 19, 20 solidaires de la pince inférieure 6 et dont la direction longitudinale est orientée perpendiculairement à la règle 13 de cette pince. Les butées 17, 18 peuvent être déplacées dans cette direction longitudinale à l'aide de mécanismes motorisés indépendants, par exemple du type à vis et écrou, de façon à pouvoir être rapprochées ou éloignées de t'arête de travail de ladite règle 13. En outre, les bras 19, 20, peuvent coulisser par l'intermédiaire d'une transmission à coulisseau 21 et à glissière en queue d'aronde 22, le long de la pince 6, ce qui produit un déplacement des butées 17, 18 parallèlement à la règle 13 de cette pince. Il est également à noter que chaque butée arrière est équipée d'organes de fixation en position de la tôle, ces organes pouvant être des plateaux magnétiques, des ventouses, des mâchoires, ou tous autres moyens appropriés.We will describe, with reference to FIG. 2, an embodiment of this folding line positioning device. This device comprises two rear stops 17, 18 which are mounted on respective arms 19, 20 integral with the lower clamp 6 and whose longitudinal direction is oriented perpendicular to the rule 13 of this clamp. The stops 17, 18 can be moved in this longitudinal direction using independent motorized mechanisms, for example of the screw and nut type, so that they can be brought closer or further away from the working edge of said rule 13. In in addition, the arms 19, 20, can slide by means of a sliding transmission 21 and a dovetail slide 22, along the clamp 6, which produces a displacement of the stops 17, 18 parallel to rule 13 of this clamp. It should also be noted that each rear stop is equipped with fixing members in position of the sheet, these members being able to be magnetic plates, suction cups, jaws, or any other suitable means.

On voit, par conséquent, que, par un déplacement relatif des deux butées arrière 17, 18 dans une direction perpendiculaire à l'arête de travail de la règle 13 de la pince 6, il est possible, sans aucune intervention manuelle d'un opérateur, de placer la ligne de pliage de la tôle en coïncidence avec ladite arête en relation avec l'angle d'inclinaison de cette ligne par rapport au bord arrière de la tôle. Le mouvement relatif des bras, c'est-à-dire l'espacement mutuel des butées 17, 18, est réalisé également par un mécanisme motorisé indépendant et il a pour but de régler cet espacement des butées en relation avec la dimension correspondante de la tôle à plier et également en relation avec le dispositif de réorientation qui va être décrit dans la suite.It can therefore be seen that, by a relative displacement of the two rear stops 17, 18 in a direction perpendicular to the working edge of the rule 13 of the clamp 6, it is possible, without any manual intervention by an operator , to place the fold line of the sheet in coincidence with said edge in relation to the angle of inclination of this line relative to the rear edge of the sheet. The relative movement of the arms, that is to say the mutual spacing of the stops 17, 18, is also carried out by an independent motorized mechanism and its purpose is to adjust this spacing of the stops in relation to the corresponding dimension of the sheet to be folded and also in relation to the reorientation device which will be described below.

L'angle maximal dont on peut incliner le bord arrière de la tôle par rapport à l'arête de la règle 13 de la pince inférieure 6 à l'aide des butées arrière 17, 18 est obligatoirement limité par la course desdites butées dans la direction perpendiculaire à cette règle. Pour éliminer cette limitation angulaire et surtout pour permettre une rotation horizontale de 180° de la tôle dans un sens ou dans l'autre en vue de l'exécution d'un pliage sur son bord opposé, il est prévu, conformément à une caractéristique de la présente invention, un dispositif de réorientation de tôle.The maximum angle whose rear edge of the sheet can be inclined with respect to the edge of the rule 13 of the lower clamp 6 by means of the rear stops 17, 18 is necessarily limited by the travel of said stops in the direction perpendicular to this rule. To eliminate this angular limitation and above all to allow a 180 ° horizontal rotation of the sheet in one direction or the other for the execution of a bending on its opposite edge, it is provided, in accordance with a characteristic of the present invention, a sheet reorientation device.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la fig. 2, le dispositif de réorientation de tôle comprend une table 23 comportant un plateau supérieur 24, par exemple de forme carrée, qui est destiné à supporter et maintenir la tôle et qui est équipé d'organes de fixation de la tôle en position, tels que des plateaux magnétiques 35, des ventouses 34 ou d'autres moyens de préhension appropriés. Ce plateau 24 de la table est monté sur un fût 25 dans lequel il peut tourner autour de son axe, ce fût étant lui-même solidaire d'un socle inférieur 26, qui peut coulisser ou rouler sur une voie, matérialisée dans l'exemple considéré par deux rails 27a, 27b, qui sont reliés à l'embase de la plieuse perpendiculairement à celle-ci. Cette voie peut d'ailleurs être reliée à la plieuse de la même façon que les bras 19, 20 portant les butées arrière 17, 18, afin de pouvoir exécuter un mouvement de translation dans une direction parallèle à la règle 13 de la pince inférieure 6, dans un but qui sera précisé dans la suite. Il est, en outre, à noter que le plan défini par le plateau supérieur 24 de la table de réorientation 23 constitue un plan de référence important dans la machine, comme cela sera précisé dans la suite.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the sheet reorientation device comprises a table 23 comprising an upper plate 24, for example of square shape, which is intended to support and hold the sheet and which is equipped with members for fixing the sheet in position, such as magnetic plates 35, suction cups 34 or other suitable gripping means. This tray 24 of the table is mounted on a barrel 25 in which it can rotate around its axis, this barrel itself being secured to a lower base 26, which can slide or roll on a track, materialized in the example considered by two rails 27a, 27b, which are connected to the base of the folder perpendicular thereto. This track can also be connected to the folder in the same way as the arms 19, 20 carrying the rear stops 17, 18, in order to be able to execute a translational movement in one direction parallel to rule 13 of the lower clamp 6, for a purpose which will be explained below. It should also be noted that the plane defined by the upper plate 24 of the reorientation table 23 constitutes an important reference plane in the machine, as will be explained below.

Suivant une variante intéressante, les rails 27a, 27b sont remplacés par un chemin de roulement situé en hauteur, et à laquelle est suspendue la table rotative, ce qui dégage le sol.According to an interesting variant, the rails 27a, 27b are replaced by a raceway located in height, and on which the rotary table is suspended, which clears the ground.

Pour que la table puisse fonctionner correctement par rapport aux butées arrière, il faut que les deux conditions suivantes soient remplies:

  • - centrage de l'ensemble formé par les deux bras porte-butées sur l'axe de la voie 27a, 27b;
  • - réglage de l'espacement des bras porte-butées 19, 20 de façon que la table de réorientation 23 puisse passer entre les butées 17, 18.
In order for the table to function properly in relation to the rear stops, the following two conditions must be met:
  • centering of the assembly formed by the two stop-bearing arms on the axis of the track 27a, 27b;
  • - Adjustment of the spacing of the abutment support arms 19, 20 so that the reorientation table 23 can pass between the stops 17, 18.

Après la définition des composants essentiels de la plieuse selon l'invention, on va maintenant décrire le fonctionnement de la machine en référence aux fig. 4A à 4D qui montrent les différentes phases de pliage automatique d'une tôle.

  • - Sur la fig. 4A, la tôle 30 est mise en place par un opérateur, ou bien automatiquement par un transporteur d'amenée non représenté sur cette figure, sur la pince inférieure 6 servant de support; elle entre en contact par son bord arrière avec les butées arrière 17 qui ont été préalablement réglées en position, conformément à un programme de pliage prédéterminé, de manière que la première ligne de pliage 28 de la tôle vienne coïncider avec le bord avant de la règle 13 de la pince inférieure 6. La tôle est immobilisée dans cette position de réglage à l'aide des moyens de préhension qui sont prévus sur les butées arrière 17, 18. Comme indiqué par la flèche verticale dirigée vers le bas, la pince supérieure 5 est déplacée de manière à s'appliquer contre la tôle pour la serrer en position contre la pince inférieure 6 et simultanément, en supposant que la tôle doit être pliée vers le haut, l'ensemble des pinces 5, 6 est descendu jusque dans le plan horizontal inférieur désigné par P sur la figure.
  • - Sur la fig. 4B, le tablier inférieur 4 est alors déplacé par pivotement vers le haut autour de son axe horizontal 8 de manière à plier la tôle de l'angle a autour de la ligne 28. Ensuite, en supposant que la tôle doit être ensuite pliée vers le bas autour d'une seconde ligne de pliage 29, l'ensemble des deux pinces 5, 6 est déplacé vers le haut en direction du plan horizontal supérieur de référence P1; quand l'ensemble est arrivé dans cette position, la pince supérieure 5 est écartée de la pince inférieure 6 et les butées arrière 17, 18 sont actionnées, comme indiqué en 1 sur la fig. 4C, de façon à régler la seconde ligne de pliage 29 en coïncidence avec le bord de travail de la pince inférieure 6; la pince supérieure 5 est à nouveau appliquée contre la tôle pour la serrer en position dans le plan horizontal P, . Le nouveau pliage peut alors commencer.
  • - Sur la fig. 4C, le tablier supérieur 3 est tourné autour de son axe inférieur de pivotement d'un angle P de manière à former le pli approprié autour de la ligne 29. Après terminaison de ce pliage, l'ensemble formé par les pinces 5, 6 est descendu dans le plan médian de référence P3. En cas de terminaison de la séquence de pliage, la tôle pliée est évacuée de la machine par l'ouvrier, ou bien par un transporteur de décharge non représenté. Cependant, lorsqu'un pliage doit être effectué sur le bord opposé de la tôle, celle-ci doit être retournée de la manière mise en évidence sur la fig. 4D.
  • - Sur la fig. 4D, le dispositif de réorientation constitué par la table 23 entre en action. Cette table 23 passe d'une position arrière de retrait jusque dans une position avant, indiquée en trait interrompu, où elle vient se placer en dessous de la tôle 30 qui est maintenue en place sur la pince inférieure 6. La pince 6 est alors descendue, les bras porte-butée 19, 20 et les butées 17, 18 pouvant exécuter ce mouvement de descente sans toucher la table 23 puisque leur écartement a été réglé en conséquence. Au cours de ce mouvement, la tôle est arrêtée dans le plan de référence P3 par le plateau supérieur 24 de la table 23, dont les organes de préhension 34, 35 maintiennent la tôle en position. La table 23 exécute ensuite un mouvement de transfert en sens inverse, c'est-à-dire dans un sens d'éloignement par rapport à la plieuse, et elle exécute simultanément un mouvement de rotation autour de l'axe de son fût 25 de manière que la tôle prenne la position indiquée en 30' sur la fig. 4D. La tôle, maintenant réorientée, peut ensuite être réintroduite dans la machine par un nouveau mouvement de transfert de la table 23. La pince inférieure 6 est à nouveau remontée de façon à prendre en charge la tôle, avec coordination des actions des organes de préhension de la table de réorientation 23 et de la pince inférieure 6. A partir de ce moment, les butées arrière 17, 18 de la pince inférieure 6 peuvent, à nouveau, remplir leur fonction pour régler la position de la nouvelle ligne de pliage, les opérations suivantes se déroulant conformément à ce qui a été décrit précédemment en référence aux fig. 4A, 4B et 4C.
After defining the essential components of the folder according to the invention, we will now describe the operation of the machine with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4D which show the different phases of automatic bending of a sheet.
  • - In fig. 4A, the sheet 30 is put in place by an operator, or else automatically by a feed conveyor not shown in this figure, on the lower clamp 6 serving as a support; it comes into contact by its rear edge with the rear stops 17 which have been previously adjusted in position, in accordance with a predetermined folding program, so that the first folding line 28 of the sheet metal coincides with the front edge of the rule 13 of the lower clamp 6. The sheet is immobilized in this adjustment position using the gripping means which are provided on the rear stops 17, 18. As indicated by the vertical arrow directed downwards, the upper clamp 5 is moved so as to press against the sheet to tighten it in position against the lower clamp 6 and simultaneously, assuming that the sheet must be bent upward, the set of clamps 5, 6 is lowered into the plane lower horizontal designated by P in the figure.
  • - In fig. 4B, the lower deck 4 is then pivotally moved upwards around its horizontal axis 8 so as to bend the sheet metal at angle a around the line 28. Next, assuming that the sheet metal must then be bent towards the bottom around a second fold line 29, the assembly of the two clamps 5, 6 is moved upwards in the direction of the upper horizontal reference plane P1; when the assembly has arrived in this position, the upper clamp 5 is moved away from the lower clamp 6 and the rear stops 17, 18 are actuated, as indicated in 1 in FIG. 4C, so as to adjust the second fold line 29 in coincidence with the working edge of the lower clamp 6; the upper clamp 5 is again applied against the sheet to clamp it in position in the horizontal plane P,. The new folding can then begin.
  • - In fig. 4C, the upper deck 3 is rotated about its lower pivot axis by an angle P so as to form the appropriate fold around the line 29. After this folding has ended, the assembly formed by the clamps 5, 6 is descended into the median reference plane P 3 . When the folding sequence has ended, the folded sheet is removed from the machine by the worker, or by a discharge conveyor, not shown. However, when a folding must be carried out on the opposite edge of the sheet, the latter must be turned over in the manner shown in FIG. 4D.
  • - In fig. 4D, the reorientation device constituted by the table 23 comes into action. This table 23 passes from a rear withdrawal position to a front position, indicated in broken lines, where it comes to be placed below the sheet 30 which is held in place on the lower clamp 6. The clamp 6 is then lowered , the abutment support arms 19, 20 and the stops 17, 18 can execute this downward movement without touching the table 23 since their spacing has been adjusted accordingly. During this movement, the sheet is stopped in the reference plane P 3 by the upper plate 24 of the table 23, the gripping members 34, 35 of which hold the sheet in position. The table 23 then performs a transfer movement in the opposite direction, that is to say in a direction of separation from the folder, and it simultaneously performs a rotational movement around the axis of its barrel 25 so that the sheet takes the position indicated in 30 'in fig. 4D. The sheet, now reoriented, can then be reintroduced into the machine by a new transfer movement from the table 23. The lower clamp 6 is again raised so as to take over the sheet, with coordination of the actions of the gripping members of the reorientation table 23 and the lower clamp 6. From this moment, the rear stops 17, 18 of the lower clamp 6 can, once again, fulfill their function to adjust the position of the new fold line, the operations following taking place in accordance with what has been described above with reference to FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C.

Dans l'exemple de la fig. 4D, la table 23 a tourné de 180°. Cependant, comme indiqué ci-dessus, il est possible de faire tourner cette table d'un angle différent de 180° en vue d'orienter une ligne de pliage de la tôle d'un angle approprié ne pouvant être établi à l'aide des butées 17, 18.In the example of fig. 4D, table 23 has rotated 180 °. However, as indicated above, it is possible to rotate this table by an angle different from 180 ° in order to orient a sheet bending line at an appropriate angle which cannot be established using the stops 17, 18.

Dans l'exemple qui précède, la table 23 entre en action uniquement pour l'orientation ou la réorientation des tôles. Il est cependant possible de prévoir qu'elle sert également lors des opérations d'amenée et d'évacuation des tôles, le chemin de roulement étant aménagé en conséquence. En particulier, si elle est suspendue à un chemin de roulement situé en hauteur, il est avantageux de prévoir qu'elle est également mobile verticalement et que le chemin de roulement est aménagé pour permettre à la table de venir prendre les tôles sur un convoyeur ou une palette, et/ou d'aller les déposer, après traitement, sur un moyen d'évacuation.In the example above, table 23 comes into action only for the orientation or reorientation of the sheets. It is however possible to provide that it is also used during the operations of supplying and evacuating the sheets, the raceway being arranged accordingly. In particular, if it is suspended from a raceway located at a height, it is advantageous to provide that it is also vertically movable and that the raceway is arranged to allow the table to come and pick up the sheets on a conveyor or a pallet, and / or to deposit them, after treatment, on a means of evacuation.

La fig. 8 montre un exemple de réalisation selon une telle variante. Dans celle-ci, le chemin de roulement est constitué par des rails 27c situés en hauteur et auxquels est suspendue la table 23, qui peut être pourvue de plateaux magnétiques ou de ventouses, et qui peut tourner autour d'un axe vertical.Fig. 8 shows an embodiment according to such a variant. In it, the raceway consists of rails 27c located in height and which is suspended from the table 23, which can be provided with magnetic plates or suction cups, and which can rotate around a vertical axis.

Les moyens d'alimentation sont ici constitués par un élévateur à ciseaux 40 qui porte une palette 41 sur laquelle sont empilées les tôles 30 qui doivent être traitées par la plieuse. Les moyens d'évacuation sont ici constitués par un convoyeur à bande 42. La table 23, en se déplaçant le long du chemin de roulement 27c, peut transporter les tôles entre la palette 41, la plieuse et le moyen d'évacuation 42, tout en gardant la possibilité d'orienter les tôles pour les différentes phases du travail de la plieuse, telles que décrites plus haut.The supply means here consist of a scissor lift 40 which carries a pallet 41 on which are stacked the sheets 30 which must be processed by the folder. The evacuation means are here constituted by a conveyor belt 42. The table 23, moving along the raceway 27c, can transport the sheets between the pallet 41, the folder and the evacuation means 42, all keeping the possibility of orienting the sheets for the different phases of the work of the folder, as described above.

1 lest à noter que les moyens de manipulation des tôles décrits en référence aux fig. 4A à 4D, et plus encore à la fig. 8, constituent un véritable robot qui peut aussi être utilisé en liaison avec d'autres machines, par exemple des machines à former, percer ou découper par emboutissage ou estampage.1 should be noted that the means for handling the sheets described with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4D, and even more in FIG. 8, constitute a real robot which can also be used in connection with other machines, for example machines for forming, drilling or cutting by stamping or stamping.

On va maintenant décrire d'autres particularités de la plieuse selon l'invention, et en premier lieu le réglage de la position des tabliers par rapport à leurs axes fixes de rotation.We will now describe other features of the folder according to the invention, and firstly the adjustment of the position of the decks with respect to their fixed axes of rotation.

A cet égard, on va considérer conjointement les fig. 1, 5A et 5B. La fig. 1 montre que les axes de rotation 7, 8 des tabliers supérieur et inférieur sont fixes. Or, pour tenir compte des différents paramètres de pliage, tels que l'épaisseur et la nature du métal de la tôle, le sens de laminage, le rayon de pliage, etc., il faut régler la position du corps du tablier par rapport à son axe de pivotement avant l'exécution de la séquence de pliage. Dans les machines connues, une telle opération est réalisée à l'aide de mécanismes compliqués empêchant une automatisation du processus. La plieuse selon l'invention comporte à ce sujet des perfectionnements qui permettent de réaliser ce réglage aussi bien manuellement qu'automatiquement. Du fait que les agencements prévus pour les tabliers supérieur et inférieur sont symétriques par rapport à un plan horizontal, on n'en décrira qu'un dans la suite.In this regard, we will jointly consider FIGS. 1, 5A and 5B. Fig. 1 shows that the axes of rotation 7, 8 of the upper and lower aprons are fixed. However, to take into account the different bending parameters, such as the thickness and nature of the sheet metal, the direction of rolling, the bending radius, etc., it is necessary to adjust the position of the body of the deck relative to its pivot axis before the execution of the folding sequence. In known machines, such an operation is carried out using complicated mechanisms preventing automation of the process. The folder according to the invention includes improvements in this respect which allow this adjustment to be carried out both manually and automatically. Because the arrangements provided for the upper and lower decks are symmetrical with respect to a horizontal plane, we will only describe one in the following.

Le tablier inférieur 4 comporte sur ses deux bords latéraux des flasques 33 formant des supports de manetons et sur chacun desquels est fixée une glissière 31 comportant une rainure qui est orientée, après fixation en position de la glissière, à 45° par rapport au plan médian longitudinal du tablier. Dans cette rainure est engagé un coulisseau 32 qui est lui-même solidaire du pivot correspondant 8 du tablier 4.The lower apron 4 has on its two lateral edges flanges 33 forming crank supports and on each of which is fixed a slide 31 comprising a groove which is oriented, after fixing in position of the slide, at 45 ° relative to the median plane longitudinal of the deck. In this groove is engaged a slide 32 which is itself integral with the corresponding pivot 8 of the deck 4.

Il est ainsi possible, lorsque le tablier correspondant est placé dans la condition de repos, de déplacer son bord d'attaque dans un plan incliné à 45° par rapport à la verticale et passant par ledit axe fixe, ce plan étant descendant à partir de cet axe dans le cas du tablier inférieur et ascendant dans le cas du tablier supérieur. Cette disposition a pour effet de rendre les réglages beaucoup plus simples que dans la plieuse classique: pour une tôle d'épaisseur e et pour un rayon de pliage r, il suffit de faire déplacer l'axe du tablier, c'est-à-dire le coulisseau 32, dans la glissière 31 d'une distance égale à (e + R)

Figure imgb0001
Pour produire ce déplacement, on peut utiliser un mécanisme simple constitué par une vis sans fin traversant le corps du coulisseau dans ladite direction inclinée à 45°et vissée dans un trou fileté ménagé dans une plaquette solidaire de la glissière et fixée dans sa rainure. Ce mécanisme peut être actionné par une simple manoeuvre manuelle de la vis. Quand on désire automatiser ce mouvement, on dispose, suivant l'axe de la vis, un moteur pas à pas destiné à assurer son entraînement.It is thus possible, when the corresponding deck is placed in the rest condition, to move its leading edge in a plane inclined at 45 ° relative to the vertical and passing through said fixed axis, this plane being descending from this axis in the case of the lower deck and ascending in the case of the upper deck. This arrangement has the effect of making the adjustments much simpler than in the conventional bending machine: for a sheet of thickness e and for a bending radius r, it suffices to move the axis of the deck, that is to say say the slide 32, in the slide 31 from a distance equal to (e + R)
Figure imgb0001
 To produce this displacement, it is possible to use a simple mechanism consisting of an endless screw passing through the body of the slide in said direction inclined at 45 ° and screwed into a threaded hole formed in a plate integral with the slide and fixed in its groove. This mechanism can be actuated by a simple manual operation of the screw. When one wishes to automate this movement, there is, along the axis of the screw, a stepping motor intended to ensure its drive.

Une autre particularité de la plieuse selon l'invention qui la distingue de l'art antérieur concerne la possibilité d'incliner initialement l'un ou l'autre des tabliers 3,4 dans une position faisant un angle de 45° vers l'arrière par rapport au plan médian de la plieuse. Ce réglage initial est rendu possible grâce à la structure mise en évidence sur la fig. 6, qui est une vue en coupe transversale de la pince inférieure 6 et du tablier inférieur 4. A la différence des réalisations connues où la pièce jouant le rôle de la pince inférieure formant table a une structure en caisson, la pince inférieure de la plieuse selon l'invention est pourvue d'une structure à section droite triangulaire et elle comporte une face avant 14 qui est inclinée de 45° vers l'arrière, ce qui permet le réglage initial du tablier inférieur 4 dans une position parallèle à cette face 14, comme indiqué sur la fig. 6. Cependant, pour pouvoir commencer le pliage à partir du plan de référence correspondant, dans ce cas le plan Pz, il faut alors équiper le tablier d'un outil de pliage 10 ayant le profil indiqué sur la figure.Another feature of the folder according to the invention which distinguishes it from the prior art relates to the possibility of initially tilting one or the other of the aprons 3, 4 in a position making an angle of 45 ° towards the rear. from the center plane of the folder. This initial adjustment is made possible by the structure highlighted in fig. 6, which is a cross-sectional view of the lower clamp 6 and of the lower deck 4. Unlike the known embodiments where the part playing the role of the lower clamp forming a table has a box structure, the lower clamp of the folder according to the invention is provided with a structure with a triangular cross section and it has a front face 14 which is inclined 45 ° towards the rear, which allows the initial adjustment of the lower apron 4 in a position parallel to this face 14 , as shown in fig. 6. However, in order to be able to start folding from the corresponding reference plane, in this case the plane P z , it is then necessary to equip the deck with a folding tool 10 having the profile indicated in the figure.

A cet égard, on a mis en évidence sur les fig. 7A et 7B un exemple de travail d'une tôle, qui a été précédemment pliée et dont le pliage suivant, à effectuer suivant la nouvelle ligne désignée par 36, ne peut être réalisé qu'en plaçant initialement le tablier dans une position décalée vers l'arrière de 45°.In this regard, we have highlighted in FIGS. 7A and 7B an example of working of a sheet, which has been previously folded and whose next folding, to be carried out along the new line designated by 36, can only be carried out by initially placing the deck in a position shifted towards the 45 ° rear.

Comme autre particularité de la machine, il est en outre à noter que la plieuse selon l'invention permet de terminer un pli en forme d'agrafe, c'est-à-dire un pli suivant lequel le bord de la tôle est complètement retourné vers l'arrière d'un angle de 180°: dans ce cas, on effectue d'abord un pliage d'ébauche à l'aide d'un outil permettant d'obtenir un angle de pliage de l'ordre de 170°; ensuite, on place cette partie extrême de la tôle entre les deux règles des pinces supérieure et inférieure et on fait descendre la pince supérieure de manière à pousser le bord retourné en direction du plan de la tôle pour terminer le pliage à 180°, ladite pince supérieure jouant alors le rôle d'un poinçon de presse.As another particularity of the machine, it should also be noted that the folder according to the invention makes it possible to complete a staple-shaped fold, that is to say a fold in which the edge of the sheet is completely turned over. backwards at an angle of 180 °: in this case, a rough bending is first carried out using a tool making it possible to obtain a bending angle of the order of 170 °; then, place this extreme part of the sheet between the two rules of the upper and lower clamps and lower the upper clamp so as to push the turned edge towards the plane of the sheet to complete the folding at 180 °, said clamp superior then playing the role of a press punch.

Il va de soi que, pour l'exécution des différents mouvements, la plieuse selon l'invention est équipée de tous moteurs et organes de transmission et de réglage de courses dimensionnels et angulaires de types appropriés, c'est-à-dire électrique, hydraulique, pneumatique ou autres. En outre, la machine peut être équipée, en vue de la commande et de la coordination des différents mouvements, d'un système de commande numérique simple de type CN ou de commande numérique avec calculateur de type CNC. On peut également prévoir sur la machine des dispositifs appropriés d'affichage des divers paramètres de pliage.It goes without saying that, for the execution of the various movements, the folder according to the invention is equipped with all motors and transmission members. sion and adjustment of dimensional and angular strokes of appropriate types, that is to say electric, hydraulic, pneumatic or others. In addition, the machine can be equipped, for the control and coordination of the various movements, with a simple digital control system of CN type or of digital control with computer of CNC type. It is also possible to provide suitable devices on the machine for displaying the various folding parameters.

Egalement, la plieuse permet de disposer, côte à côte, entre les deux piliers 2 du bâti 1, plusieurs postes de travail, dont deux sont schématisés sur la fig. 2. Il est alors possible de fabriquer plusieurs pièces à la fois, de dimensions différentes mais de formes géométriques semblables. Pour chaque poste de travail, il est prévu une paire de butée arrière 17, 18; 17', 18' et une table de réorientation 23, 23'.Also, the folder makes it possible to have, side by side, between the two pillars 2 of the frame 1, several work stations, two of which are shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2. It is then possible to manufacture several parts at the same time, of different dimensions but with similar geometric shapes. For each work station, a pair of rear stops 17, 18 is provided; 17 ', 18' and a reorientation table 23, 23 '.

Il est en outre à noter que la plieuse peut être installée dans une ligne de production automatique et dans ce cas l'alimentation en tôles des postes de travail et l'évacuation des pièces finies sont effectuées automatiquement par tous moyens appropriés.It should also be noted that the folder can be installed in an automatic production line and in this case the sheet metal supply to the workstations and the evacuation of the finished parts are carried out automatically by all appropriate means.

Claims (12)

1. Automatic metal-sheet bending machine comprising:
- a fixed frame (1),
- a set of jaws (5, 6) for clamping the metal sheet to be bent,
- two bending beams (3, 4) which are articulated with the frame in such a way that each of them is able to pivot independently about a spindle parallel to the working edge of the jaws, this spindle being fixed during the bending operation, and these two beams being located on either side of the set of jaws and each of them carrying a bending tool (9, 10) the edge of which defines a working plane of the bending machine,
- a device (17, 18) for positioning the bending lines of the metal sheet,
- means (31, 32, 33) for adjusting the spatial position of the beam spindles,
- means for generating and co-ordinating the different movements to be performed by the bending machine,

characterised in that the jaws (5, 6) can be moved in relation to the frame (1) so as to bring the metal sheet into position for bending by either of the bending beams (3, 4), whereas the spindles (7, 8) about which the said beams pivot during the bending operation are fixed in relation to the frame, except for small adjusting movements such as those which are required by a change in the thickness of the metal sheets.
2. Bending machine according to Claim 1 and in which each jaw (5, 6) has a flat surface for clamping the metal sheet, which surface ends, towards the front of the machine, in a blade designed to co-operate with the bending tool of the closest beam, characterised in that the beams are arranged vertically, one above and the other below the jaws, the latter themselves beind superimposed and being able to move vertically towards either of the beams, in that the lower jaw (6) is horizontally of larger dimensions than the upper jaw (5) so that it can act simultaneously as a support table for the metal sheet, and in that the said means for generating and co-ordinating the different movements of the bending machine comprise means (15,16) for closing and operating the said jaws so as to produce, on the one hand, relative vertical movement of the two jaws so as to ensure clamping and unclamping of a metal sheet and, on the other hand, vertical movement of the set of two jaws in order to bring them into the said horizontal upper and lower working planes (P,, Pz) and, moreover, into any suitable intermediate position (P3).
3. Bending machine according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in thatthe said means for closing and operating the said jaws comprise grooved transmissions and rows of balls.
4. Bending machine according to one of Claims 1 to 3 and in which the device for positioning the bending line comprises stops (17, 18) against which the rear edge of the metal sheet to be bent rests, these stops being displaceable in a direction perpendicular to one of the jaws (6), characterised in that the said stops are displaceable independently of each other in the said perpendicular direction.
5. Bending machine according to Claim 4, characterised in that the said stops (17, 18) are mounted on arms (19, 20) connected to the rear part of the said jaw (6) and are able to move on the said arms, and in that these arms are furthermore displaceable in a direction parallel to the front edge of the said jaw with a view to modifying the relative spacing of the said stops.
6. Bending machine according to one of Claims 1 to 5 and in which the device for redirecting the metal sheet to be bent comprises one or more tables (23) which are located at the rear of the bending machine, are each connected to the latter by a corresponding track (27a, 27b) and are able to perform, under the action of suitable associated means, on the one hand, a rotational movement about the vertical axis of the table so as to rotate the metal sheet by an appropriate angle in order to redirect it, and on the other hand, a translational movement in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal axes of the beams (3, 4) so as to move the metal sheet away from the bending machine before rotating it and introducing it into the machine again after redirection, the said table being provided with suitable means (34, 35) for fixing the metal sheet in position when the sequence of movements is performed, characterised in that the said fixing means consist of magnetic plates (35) or suction pads (34).
7. Bending machine according to Claim 1, characterised in that the said means for adjusting the spatial position of the horizontal axes of the two beams (3, 4) consist of slides (31) which are fixed on the lateral parts of the respective beams, being inclined at 45° relative to their longitudinal mid-plane, and which slide, under the action of a suitable adjusting mechanism, which may be manual or automatic, on sliding blocks (32) located at the ends of the corresponding fixed spindles (7,8), as well as elements for blocking the said slides in their respective adjusting positions.
8. Bending machine according to one of Claims 1 to 7, in which the upper jaw (5) and the lower jaw (6) each have a front surface (12, 14) which is inclined by 45° towards the rear in relation to the plane passing through the fixed spindles (7, 8) about which the beams pivot, characterised in that the two beams (3, 4) can be adjusted, by rotation about their fixed spindles (7, 8) into inclined positions for commencing bending, towards the rear in relation to a reference plane passing through the pivoting axis of the respective beam and parallel to the clamping direction of the jaws, by an angle which can be as much as 45°.
9. Bending machine according to one of Claims 1 to 8 and having several work stations each equipped with backstops, characterised in that each work station is provided with a table for redirecting the metal sheet (23,23').
10. Bending machine according to Claim 9, characterised in that each work station is provided, moreover, with convoyers for supplying and removing the metal sheets, which conveyors are equipped with suitable gripping means.
11. Bending machine according to one of Claims 6, 7 or 10, characterised in that the track which connects a redirecting table to the bending machine is arranged so that the redirecting table can also be used for supplying and removing the metal sheets.
12. Bending machine according to one of Claims 6, 9 or 11, characterised in that the redirecting table (23) is suspended from a runway (27c) located at a height.
EP82401240A 1981-07-07 1982-07-01 Automatic sheet folding machine Expired EP0069661B1 (en)

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AT82401240T ATE12191T1 (en) 1981-07-07 1982-07-01 AUTOMATIC SHEET BENDING MACHINE.

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FR8113349A FR2509204A1 (en) 1981-07-07 1981-07-07 AUTOMATIC SHEET BENDER
FR8113349 1981-07-07

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EP0069661B1 true EP0069661B1 (en) 1985-03-20

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JP (1) JPS5816733A (en)
AT (1) ATE12191T1 (en)
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DE (1) DE3262649D1 (en)
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7074736B2 (en) 2000-10-31 2006-07-11 Rohm And Haas Company Hydrozirconated matrix and process for polyolefin production

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2509204B1 (en) 1984-06-01
FR2509204A1 (en) 1983-01-14
JPS5816733A (en) 1983-01-31
US4510785A (en) 1985-04-16
JPH0228404B2 (en) 1990-06-25
DE3262649D1 (en) 1985-04-25
EP0069661A1 (en) 1983-01-12
ATE12191T1 (en) 1985-04-15
CA1185158A (en) 1985-04-09

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