EP0106187B1 - Piston with a member in partially stabilized zirconia - Google Patents

Piston with a member in partially stabilized zirconia Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0106187B1
EP0106187B1 EP83109257A EP83109257A EP0106187B1 EP 0106187 B1 EP0106187 B1 EP 0106187B1 EP 83109257 A EP83109257 A EP 83109257A EP 83109257 A EP83109257 A EP 83109257A EP 0106187 B1 EP0106187 B1 EP 0106187B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
region
component
truncated cone
zirconium oxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP83109257A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0106187A1 (en
Inventor
Ulf Dr. Dipl.-Mineraloge Dworak
Hans Dr. Dipl.-Chem. Olapinski
Dieter Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Fingerle
Ulrich Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Krohn
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Feldmuehle AG
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Feldmuehle AG
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Priority to AT83109257T priority Critical patent/ATE16627T1/en
Publication of EP0106187A1 publication Critical patent/EP0106187A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
    • F02F7/0087—Ceramic materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0448—Steel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2251/00—Material properties
    • F05C2251/04—Thermal properties
    • F05C2251/042—Expansivity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a piston with a metallic piston skirt and a piston head connected to it by means of a shrink connection, opposite the combustion chamber and possibly having a combustion bowl, with a component made of partially stabilized zirconium oxide.
  • the metallic shaft can have a pair of piston pin hubs or some other fastening option for a connecting rod.
  • a further piston with a component made of zirconium oxide is described in the reference “PSZ Ceramics for Adiabatic Engine Components by Woods / Oda.
  • the zirconium oxide component which has a combustion bowl, has a collar which is shrunk on the edge into a piston skirt made of iron.
  • the piston skirt is flush with the collar, so that here too there is the disadvantage of incomplete insulation because the edge region of the piston skirt forms a heat-conducting bridge.
  • Another disadvantage of this piston is that essentially only iron can be used as the material for producing the piston skirt, because its thermal expansion essentially corresponds to that of zirconium oxide. Most steels and the widely used aluminum, however, are not suitable because they have a higher thermal expansion.
  • the object of the present invention is to bring about improved thermal insulation in relation to the combustion chamber in a piston with a metallic piston skirt and a component made from partially stabilized zirconium oxide. Furthermore, the invention aims to create a firm and reliable connection between the metallic piston skirt and the component made of partially stabilized zirconium oxide and thereby avoid thermally induced stress cracks in the individual components. Another object of the invention sees the creation of an easily assembled piston.
  • the present invention thus creates a piston which is completely thermally insulated on the combustion chamber side, which enables simple assembly of the individual components and in which the individual components have an absolutely secure and firm fit under operating conditions.
  • Another advantage is that the conical frustum of the zirconium oxide component is formed by the formation of the piston or its components Compressive stress is present, which counteracts critical tangential tensile stresses induced by thermal stress.
  • a particular advantage is that the preloads can be varied over the cone angle in accordance with a stress analysis.
  • the piston according to the invention is characterized in that piston ring grooves are embedded in the outer wall of the outer ring.
  • the outer ring is made of steel.
  • the ring-shaped component also consists of steel, but in a particularly preferred embodiment the ring-shaped component also consists of partially stabilized zirconium oxide.
  • the piston has a shaft made of aluminum.
  • the invention provides in a further particularly preferred embodiment that the inner contour of the annular component is not completely matched to the frustoconical configuration of the component in its transition region from the upper to the lower region.
  • the ring-shaped component has a rounding or a chamfer in this area.
  • 3 denotes a component made of partially stabilized zirconium oxide.
  • the upper region 5 of the piston crown which delimits the combustion chamber (not shown), consists over the entire area with the diameter d1 of the component 3 made from partially stabilized zirconium oxide d3 of the truncated cone in the transition area U1 is smaller than the diameter d2 of the component 3, which serves to form the contact area B of the component 3 with the metallic shaft 7.
  • 7 designates in its upper region 10 a frustoconical aluminum shaft, the surface 9 of which forms the contact region B with the component 3 has the same diameter d2 as the lower bottom surface 8 of the component 3.
  • the shaft 7 is cylindrical, the diameter d4 being smaller than the diameter d2 in the transition region U2 from the upper region 10 to the lower region 11.
  • An annular annular component 13 made of partially stabilized zirconium oxide and divided in the axial direction of the piston, the inner contours 14 of which correspond to the frustoconically shaped lower region 6 of the component 3 and the frustoconically shaped upper region 10 of the aluminum shaft 7, grips these regions of the aluminum shaft and the zirconium oxide component .
  • An outer ring 15 made of steel, which is pushed over the annular component 13 and the shaft 7 after heating to 400 ° C., after its cooling, the component 3, the metallic shaft 7 and the annular component 13 are firmly joined together.
  • the inner diameter of the outer ring 15 corresponds to the outer diameter of the shaft 7.
  • a combustion bowl is designated, which is arranged in the upper region 5 of the piston crown.
  • the outer ring 15 has in its outer wall 17 recessed piston ring grooves 16 for receiving piston rings, not shown.
  • the outer ring 15 ends above the piston pin hub pair 5.
  • the outer ring 15 can also be designed so that it encompasses the entire lower region 11 of the shaft 7.
  • annular component 13 shown in FIG. 2 14 denotes the inner contour for gripping the frustoconical lower region 6 of the component 3 and the frustoconical upper region 10 of the aluminum shaft.
  • the ring-shaped component 13 is divided into two along the line L1, L2, which runs through the longitudinal axis L3 of the piston 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional illustration of an only partially illustrated annular component 13, the upper, pointed edge of which is chamfered in area S to form a chamfer.
  • annular component 13 an empty space 12 remains on the outer contour 2 of the component 3, which is also only partially shown, below the transition region U1 during assembly.

Abstract

A piston arrangement with a metal shaft, a piston head that is attached to it with a shrink ring, and a member made of partially stabilized zirconium ozide. The top which demarcates the combustion chamber, of the piston head, consists entirely of the member made of partially stabilized zirconium oxide. The bottom of the zirconium-oxide member is a truncated cone and the top of the shaft is a truncated cone. They are surrounded by an annular component that is split into two sections parallel to the longitudinal axis of the piston. The annular ocmponent is secured with an outside shrink ring.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Kolben mit einem metallischen Kolbenschaft und einem mittels einer Schrumpfverbindung damit verbundenen, dem Brennraum gegenüberliegenden, gegebenenfalls eine Brennmulde aufweisenden Kolbenboden mit einem Bauteil aus teilstabilisiertem Zirkonoxid. Der metallische Schaft kann ein Kolbenbolzennabenpaar oder eine andere Befestigungsmöglichkeit für eine Pleuelstange aufweisen.The present invention relates to a piston with a metallic piston skirt and a piston head connected to it by means of a shrink connection, opposite the combustion chamber and possibly having a combustion bowl, with a component made of partially stabilized zirconium oxide. The metallic shaft can have a pair of piston pin hubs or some other fastening option for a connecting rod.

Aus der Literaturstelle : « Piston Design for High Combustion Pressures and Reduced Heat Rejection to Coolant von Wacker/Sander ist bereits ein Kolben mit einem Bauteil aus teilstabilisiertem Zirkonoxid (PSZ), das einen Teil des Kolbenbodens bildet, bekanntgeworden. Die dort beschriebene Verbindung mit dem Kolbenschaft sieht einen Stahlring vor, der über das Zirkonoxidbauteil geschrumpft ist und der mittels einer Schraubverbindung mit dem Kolbenschaft aus Aluminium verbunden ist. Nachteilig ist bei dem dort gezeigten Kolben, daß der Kolbenboden brennraumseitig nur teilweise aus dem Zirkonoxidbauteil besteht, der Stahlring aber eine wärmeableitende Brücke bildet. Als entscheidender Nachteil aber wird beschrieben, daß sich infolge der Zirkonoxideigenschaften hohe thermisch induzierte Spannungen entwickeln und zur Zerstörung des Bauteils aus Zirkonoxid führen.From the literature: «Piston Design for High Combustion Pressures and Reduced Heat Rejection to Coolant by Wacker / Sander, a piston with a component made of partially stabilized zirconium oxide (PSZ), which forms part of the piston crown, has already become known. The connection described there with the piston skirt provides a steel ring which has shrunk over the zirconium oxide component and which is connected to the aluminum piston skirt by means of a screw connection. A disadvantage of the piston shown there is that the piston crown on the combustion chamber side only partially consists of the zirconium oxide component, but the steel ring forms a heat-dissipating bridge. As a decisive disadvantage, however, it is described that high thermally induced stresses develop due to the zirconium oxide properties and lead to the destruction of the zirconium oxide component.

In der Literaturstelle « PSZ Ceramics for Adiabatic Engine Components von Woods/Oda ist ein weiterer Kolben mit einem Bauteil aus Zirkonoxid beschrieben. Das eine Brennmulde aufweisende Zirkonoxidbauteil weist einen Kragen auf, der randseitig in einen aus Eisen bestehenden Kolbenschaft eingeschrumpft ist. Der Kolbenschaft schließt bündig mit dem Kragen ab, so daß auch hier der Nachteil einer nicht vollkommenen Isolierung besteht, weil der Randbereich des Kolbenschaftes eine wärmeleitende Brücke bildet. Ein weiterer Nachteil dieses Kolbens besteht darin, daß als Material zur Herstellung des Kolbenschaftes im wesentlichen nur Eisen in Frage kommt, weil seine thermische Ausdehnung im wesentlichen der von Zirkonoxid entspricht. Die meisten Stähle und das vielfach verwendete Aluminium sind dagegen nicht geeignet, weil sie eine höhere thermische Ausdehnung haben.A further piston with a component made of zirconium oxide is described in the reference “PSZ Ceramics for Adiabatic Engine Components by Woods / Oda. The zirconium oxide component, which has a combustion bowl, has a collar which is shrunk on the edge into a piston skirt made of iron. The piston skirt is flush with the collar, so that here too there is the disadvantage of incomplete insulation because the edge region of the piston skirt forms a heat-conducting bridge. Another disadvantage of this piston is that essentially only iron can be used as the material for producing the piston skirt, because its thermal expansion essentially corresponds to that of zirconium oxide. Most steels and the widely used aluminum, however, are not suitable because they have a higher thermal expansion.

Eine Weiterführung dieses Vorschlages mit einer Überdeckung des metallischen Kolbenschaftes durch den Kragen des Zirkonoxidbauteils und einer Schrumpfverbindung zwischen metallischem Kolbenschaft und dem unterhalb des Kragens liegenden Bereich des Zirkonoxidbauteils würde zwar eine vollständige Isolierung schaffen, jedoch verspricht eine solche Schrumpfverbindung nur eine minimale Sicherheit gegenüber einer Lockerung des Bauteils.A continuation of this proposal with a covering of the metallic piston skirt through the collar of the zirconium oxide component and a shrink connection between the metallic piston skirt and the area of the zirconium oxide component lying below the collar would create complete insulation, but such a shrink connection promises only minimal security against loosening of the Component.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, bei einem Kolben mit metallischem Kolbenschaft und einem Bauteil aus teilstabilisiertem Zirkonoxid eine verbesserte Wärmeisolation gegenüber dem Brennraum zu bewirken. Ferner will die Erfindung eine feste und betriebssichere Verbindung zwischen metallischem Kolbenschaft und Bauteil aus teilstabilisiertem .Zirkonoxid schaffen und dabei thermisch induzierte Spannungsrisse in den einzelnen Bauteilen vermeiden. Eine weitere Aufgabe sieht die Erfindung in der Schaffung eines leichtmontierbaren Kolbens.The object of the present invention is to bring about improved thermal insulation in relation to the combustion chamber in a piston with a metallic piston skirt and a component made from partially stabilized zirconium oxide. Furthermore, the invention aims to create a firm and reliable connection between the metallic piston skirt and the component made of partially stabilized zirconium oxide and thereby avoid thermally induced stress cracks in the individual components. Another object of the invention sees the creation of an easily assembled piston.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sieht die Erfindung einen Kolben mit einem metallischen Kolbenschaft und einem mittels einer Schrumpfverbindung damit verbundenen, dem Brennraum gegenüberliegenden, gegebenenfalls eine Brennmulde aufweisenden Kolbenboden mit einem Bauteil aus teilstabilisiertem Zirkonoxid vor, der durch die folgenden Merkmale gekennzeichnet ist :

  • a) der den Brennraum begrenzende obere Bereich des Kolbenbodens besteht über den gesamten Querschnitt aus dem Bauteil aus teilstabilisiertem Zirkonoxid,
  • b) in seinem unteren Bereich ist das Bauteil kegelstumpfförmig ausgebildet, wobei die den Berührungsbereich des Bauteils mit dem metallischen Schaft bildende untere Bodenfläche des Bauteils einen größeren Durchmesser aufweist als der Durchmesser des Kegelstumpfes im Übergangsbereich in den oberen Bereich des Bauteils,
  • c) der metallische Schaft ist in seinem oberen Bereich kegelstumpfförmig ausgebildet, wobei die den Berührungsbereich bildende Fläche den gleichen Durchmesser wie die untere Bodenfläche des Bauteils aufweist ; in dem auf den oberen kegelstumpfförmig ausgebildeten Bereich folgenden unteren Bereich des Schaftes ist der Schaft zylinderförmig ausgebildet, wobei im Übergangsbereich vom oberen in den unteren Bereich der Durchmesser kleiner ist als der Durchmesser der unteren Bodenfläche des Bauteils,
  • d) der kegelstumpfförmig ausgebildete untere Bereich des Bauteils und der kegelstumpfförmig ausgebildete obere Bereich des metallischen Schaftes werden von einem in Richtung der Längsachse des Kolbens zweigeteilten ringförmigen Bauteil mit einer den kegelstumpfförmigen Ausbildungen des unteren Bereichs des Bauteils und des oberen Bereichs des Kolbenschaftes entsprechenden Innenkontur umklammert,
  • e) das ringförmige Bauteil wird durch einen aufgeschrumpften Außenring gehalten.
To achieve this object, the invention provides a piston with a metallic piston skirt and a piston head connected to it by means of a shrink connection, opposite the combustion chamber and possibly having a combustion bowl, with a component made of partially stabilized zirconium oxide, which is characterized by the following features:
  • a) the upper region of the piston crown, which delimits the combustion chamber, consists of the component made of partially stabilized zirconium oxide over the entire cross section,
  • b) in its lower region the component is frustoconical, the lower bottom surface of the component forming the contact region of the component with the metallic shaft having a larger diameter than the diameter of the truncated cone in the transition region into the upper region of the component,
  • c) the metallic shaft is frustoconical in its upper region, the surface forming the contact region having the same diameter as the lower bottom surface of the component; in the lower region of the shaft following the upper frustoconical region, the shaft is cylindrical, the diameter in the transition region from the upper to the lower region being smaller than the diameter of the lower bottom surface of the component,
  • d) the frustoconical lower region of the component and the frustoconical upper region of the metallic stem are encased by an annular component, which is divided in two in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the piston, with an inner contour corresponding to the frustoconical formations of the lower region of the component and the upper region of the piston skirt,
  • e) the annular component is held by a shrunk-on outer ring.

Durch die vorliegende Erfindung ist damit ein Kolben geschaffen, der brennraumseitig vollkommen wärmeisoliert ist, der eine einfache Montage der einzelnen Bauteile ermöglicht und wobei die einzelnen Bauteile einen absolut sicheren und festen Sitz unter Betriebsbedingungen aufweisen. Ein weiterer Vorteil liegt darin, daß durch die Ausbildung des Kolbens bzw. seiner Bauteile der Kegelstumpfbereich des Zirkonoxidbauteils unter Druckspannung steht, wodurch kritischen, durch thermische Belastung induzierten tangentialen Zugspannungen entgegengewirkt wird. Ein besonderer Vorteil liegt darin, daß die Vorspannungen nach Maßgabe einer Spannungsanalyse über den Kegelwinkel variiert werden können. Die unter Berücksichtigung der Eigenschaften von teilstabilisiertem Zirkonoxid entwickelte konstruktive Gestaltung des Kolbens ermöglicht in vorteilhafter Weise auch die Verwendung von Aluminium als Material zur Herstellung des Kolbenschaftes, womit gegenüber den bisher bekannten Kolben mit einem Bauteil aus teilstabilisiertem Zirkonoxid sich der Vorteil einer Gewichtsersparung ergibt. In einer in konstruktiver Hinsicht besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist der erfindungsgemäße Kolben dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in die Außenwand des Außenringes Kolbenringnuten eingelassen sind. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform besteht der Außenring aus Stahl.The present invention thus creates a piston which is completely thermally insulated on the combustion chamber side, which enables simple assembly of the individual components and in which the individual components have an absolutely secure and firm fit under operating conditions. Another advantage is that the conical frustum of the zirconium oxide component is formed by the formation of the piston or its components Compressive stress is present, which counteracts critical tangential tensile stresses induced by thermal stress. A particular advantage is that the preloads can be varied over the cone angle in accordance with a stress analysis. The constructive design of the piston, which takes into account the properties of partially stabilized zirconium oxide, also advantageously enables the use of aluminum as the material for producing the piston skirt, which results in the advantage of saving weight compared to previously known pistons with a component made of partially stabilized zirconium oxide. In a particularly advantageous embodiment in terms of construction, the piston according to the invention is characterized in that piston ring grooves are embedded in the outer wall of the outer ring. According to a preferred embodiment, the outer ring is made of steel.

In einer geeigneten Ausführungsform besteht auch das ringförmige Bauteil aus Stahl, in besonders bevorzugter Ausführungsform besteht das ringförmige Bauteil jedoch ebenfalls aus teilstabilisiertem Zirkonoxid.In a suitable embodiment, the ring-shaped component also consists of steel, but in a particularly preferred embodiment the ring-shaped component also consists of partially stabilized zirconium oxide.

In bevorzugter Ausführungsform weist der Kolben einen aus Aluminium bestehenden Schaft auf.In a preferred embodiment, the piston has a shaft made of aluminum.

Als besonders geeignet zur Einstellung geeigneter Zugspannungen hat sich ein Bauteil aus Zirkonoxid erwiesen, bei dem der Winkel a zwischen 70° und 85°, vorzugsweise zwischen 75° und 82° liegt.A component made of zirconium oxide, in which the angle a is between 70 ° and 85 °, preferably between 75 ° and 82 °, has proven to be particularly suitable for setting suitable tensile stresses.

Um thermisch induzierten Spannungen in konstruktiver Hinsicht entgegenzuwirken, sieht die Erfindung in einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform vor, daß die Innenkontur des ringförmigen Bauteils der kegelstumpfförmigen Ausbildung des Bauteils in dessen Übergangsbereich vom oberen in den unteren Bereich nicht vollständig angepaßt ist. In zweckmäßiger Ausführungsform weist das ringförmige Bauteil in diesem Bereich eine Abrundung oder eine Fase auf.In order to counteract thermally induced stresses from a constructional point of view, the invention provides in a further particularly preferred embodiment that the inner contour of the annular component is not completely matched to the frustoconical configuration of the component in its transition region from the upper to the lower region. In an expedient embodiment, the ring-shaped component has a rounding or a chamfer in this area.

Die nachfolgenden Figuren dienen der näheren Erläuterung der Erfindung, ohne daß die Erfindung auf die gezeigten Ausführungsformen beschränkt ist :

  • Es zeigen :
    • Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Kolbens,
    • Figur 2 eine Darstellung des ringförmigen Bauteils in perspektivischer Darstellung,
    • Figur 3 eine Ausführungsform des Kolbens im Schnitt, bei dem das ringförmige Bauteil eine Abschrägung im oberen Teil seiner Innenkontur aufweist, so daß es der kegelstumpfförmigen Ausbildung nur teilweise entspricht.
The following figures serve to explain the invention in more detail without restricting the invention to the embodiments shown:
  • Show it :
    • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through an embodiment of the piston,
    • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the annular component,
    • Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the piston in section, in which the annular component has a bevel in the upper part of its inner contour, so that it only partially corresponds to the frustoconical design.

Bei dem in Figur 1 dargestellten Kolben 1 ist mit 3 ein Bauteil aus teilstabilisiertem Zirkonoxid bezeichnet. Der den nicht gezeigten Brennraum begrenzende obere Bereich 5 des Kolbenbodens besteht über die gesamte Fläche mit dem Durchmesser d1 aus dem aus teilstabilisiertem Zirkonoxid hergestellten Bauteil 3. Im Übergangsbereich Ü1 geht das Bauteil 3 in einen Kegelstumpf mit Neigungswinkel a = 80° über, wobei der Durchmesser d3 des Kegelstumpfes im Übergangsbereich Ü1 kleiner ist als der Durchmesser d2 des Bauteils 3, der zur Bildung des Berührungsbereiches B des Bauteils 3 mit dem metallischen Schaft 7 dient. Mit 7 ist ein in seinem oberen Bereich 10 kegelstumpfförmig ausgebildeter Aluminiumschaft bezeichnet, dessen den Berührungsbereich B mit dem Bauteil 3 bildende Fläche 9 den gleichen Durchmesser d2 wie die untere Bodenfläche 8 des Bauteils 3 aufweist. In seinem auf den oberen kegelstumpfförmig ausgebildeten Bereich 10 folgenden unteren Bereich 11 ist der Schaft 7 zylinderförmig ausgebildet, wobei im Übergangsbereich Ü2 vom oberen Bereich 10 in den unteren Bereich 11 der Durchmesser d4 kleiner ist als der Durchmesser d2.In the piston 1 shown in FIG. 1, 3 denotes a component made of partially stabilized zirconium oxide. The upper region 5 of the piston crown, which delimits the combustion chamber (not shown), consists over the entire area with the diameter d1 of the component 3 made from partially stabilized zirconium oxide d3 of the truncated cone in the transition area U1 is smaller than the diameter d2 of the component 3, which serves to form the contact area B of the component 3 with the metallic shaft 7. 7 designates in its upper region 10 a frustoconical aluminum shaft, the surface 9 of which forms the contact region B with the component 3 has the same diameter d2 as the lower bottom surface 8 of the component 3. In its lower region 11 following the upper frustoconical region 10, the shaft 7 is cylindrical, the diameter d4 being smaller than the diameter d2 in the transition region U2 from the upper region 10 to the lower region 11.

Ein ringförmiges, in axialer Richtung des Kolbens zweigeteiltes ringförmiges Bauteil 13 aus teilstabilisiertem Zirkonoxid, dessen Innenkonturen 14 den kegelstumpfförmig ausgebildeten unteren Bereich 6 des Bauteils 3 und dem kegelstumpfförmig ausgebildeten oberen Bereich 10 des Aluminiumschaftes 7 entsprechen, umklammert diese Bereiche des Aluminiumschaftes und des Bauteils aus Zirkonoxid. Durch einen nach Erhitzen auf 400 °C über das ringförmige Bauteil 13 und den Schaft 7 geschobenen Außenring 15 aus Stahl sind nach dessen Erkalten das Bauteil 3, der metallische Schaft 7 und das ringförmige Bauteil 13 fest zusammengefügt. Der Außenring 15 entspricht in seinem Innendurchmesser dem Außendurchmesser des Schaftes 7.An annular annular component 13 made of partially stabilized zirconium oxide and divided in the axial direction of the piston, the inner contours 14 of which correspond to the frustoconically shaped lower region 6 of the component 3 and the frustoconically shaped upper region 10 of the aluminum shaft 7, grips these regions of the aluminum shaft and the zirconium oxide component . An outer ring 15 made of steel, which is pushed over the annular component 13 and the shaft 7 after heating to 400 ° C., after its cooling, the component 3, the metallic shaft 7 and the annular component 13 are firmly joined together. The inner diameter of the outer ring 15 corresponds to the outer diameter of the shaft 7.

Mit 18 ist eine Brennmulde bezeichnet, die im oberen Bereich 5 des Kolbenbodens angeordnet ist. Der Außenring 15 weist in seiner Außenwand 17 eingelassene Kolbenringnuten 16 zur Aufnahme von nicht gezeigten Kolbenringen auf. Der Außenring 15 endet oberhalb des Kolbenbolzennabenpaares 5. Gemäß einer nicht gezeigten Ausführungsform kann der Außenring 15 aber auch so ausgebildet sein, daß er den gesamten unteren Bereich 11 des Schaftes 7 umfaßt.With 18 a combustion bowl is designated, which is arranged in the upper region 5 of the piston crown. The outer ring 15 has in its outer wall 17 recessed piston ring grooves 16 for receiving piston rings, not shown. The outer ring 15 ends above the piston pin hub pair 5. According to an embodiment, not shown, the outer ring 15 can also be designed so that it encompasses the entire lower region 11 of the shaft 7.

Bei dem in Figur 2 gezeigten ringförmigen Bauteil 13 ist mit 14 die Innenkontur zur Umklammerung des kegelstumpfförmig ausgebildeten unteren Bereichs 6 des Bauteils 3 und des kegelstumpfförmig ausgebildeten oberen Bereichs 10 des Aluminiumschaftes bezeichnet. Entlang der Linie L1, L2, die durch die Längsachse L3 des Kolbens 1 führt, ist das ringförmige Bauteil 13 zweigeteilt.In the annular component 13 shown in FIG. 2, 14 denotes the inner contour for gripping the frustoconical lower region 6 of the component 3 and the frustoconical upper region 10 of the aluminum shaft. The ring-shaped component 13 is divided into two along the line L1, L2, which runs through the longitudinal axis L3 of the piston 1.

Figur 3 zeigt in einer Schnittdarstellung ein nur teilweise dargestelltes ringförmiges Bauteil 13, dessen obere spitze Kante im Bereich S unter Bildung einer Fase abgefast ist. Durch diese Ausbildung des ringförmigen Bauteils 13 bleibt bei der Montage ein Leerraum 12 an der Außenkontur 2 des ebenfalls nur teilweise dargestellten Bauteils 3 unterhalb des Übergangsbereiches Ü1.FIG. 3 shows a sectional illustration of an only partially illustrated annular component 13, the upper, pointed edge of which is chamfered in area S to form a chamfer. As a result of this design of the annular component 13, an empty space 12 remains on the outer contour 2 of the component 3, which is also only partially shown, below the transition region U1 during assembly.

Claims (8)

1. Piston (1) having a metal piston body (7) and a piston crown with a member (3) of partially stabilised zirconium oxide, which is connected to the piston body by shrink fitting, defines the combustion chamber and optionally has a combustion recess (18), characterised by the following features :
a) the upper part (5) of the piston crown which defines the combustion chamber consists, throughout its entire cross-section (d1), of the member (3) of partially stabilised zirconium oxide,
b) in its lower part (6), the member (3) is formed as a truncated cone, the underside surface (8) of the member (3) which forms the region of contact (B) of the member (3) with the metal body (7) having a larger diameter (d2) than the diameter (d3) of the truncated cone in the region of its transition (U1) into the upper part (5) of the member (3),
c) the upper part (10) of the metal body (7) is formed as a truncated cone, the surface (9) which forms the region of contact (B) having the same diameter (d2) as the underside surface (8) of the member (3), in the lower part (11) of the body (7) adjoining the upper part (10) which is formed as a truncated cone, the body (7) is of cylindrical design, the diameter (d4) in the region of transition (U2) from the upper part (10) to the lower part (11) is smaller than the diameter (d2),
d) the lower part (6), formed as a truncated cone, of the member (3) and the upper part (10), formed as a truncated cone, of the metal body (7) are surrounded by an annular member (13) which is divided in two in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L3) of the piston (1) and has an internal contour (14) corresponding to the truncated-cone- shaped sections of the lower part (6) of the member (3) and the upper part (10) of the piston shaft (7),
e) the annular member (13) is held by a shrunk-on outer ring (15).
2. Piston according to claim 1, characterised in that piston-ring grooves (16) are made in the outside wall (17) of the outer ring (15).
3. Piston according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the outer ring (15) is made of steel.
4. Piston according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the annular member (13) is made of steel.
5. Piston according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the annular member (13) is made of partially stabilised zirconium oxide.
6. Piston according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the metal body (7) is made of aluminium.
7. Piston according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the angle a of the member (3) is from 70° to 85°, preferably from 75° to 82°.
8. Piston according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the internal contour (14) of the annular member (13) has a rounded portion or a bevel in its region (S).
EP83109257A 1982-10-09 1983-09-19 Piston with a member in partially stabilized zirconia Expired EP0106187B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83109257T ATE16627T1 (en) 1982-10-09 1983-09-19 PISTON WITH A COMPONENT MADE OF PARTIALLY STABILIZED ZIRCONIA.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3237469 1982-10-09
DE3237469A DE3237469C2 (en) 1982-10-09 1982-10-09 Piston with a component made from partially stabilized zirconium oxide

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0106187A1 EP0106187A1 (en) 1984-04-25
EP0106187B1 true EP0106187B1 (en) 1985-11-21

Family

ID=6175326

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83109257A Expired EP0106187B1 (en) 1982-10-09 1983-09-19 Piston with a member in partially stabilized zirconia

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4535683A (en)
EP (1) EP0106187B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5987252A (en)
AT (1) ATE16627T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3237469C2 (en)
DK (1) DK433283A (en)
ES (1) ES283296Y (en)
NO (1) NO155985C (en)

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US7179168B1 (en) 1995-06-30 2007-02-20 Walker Digital, Llc Systems and methods for allocating an outcome amount among a total number of events
US7452270B2 (en) 2000-06-29 2008-11-18 Walker Digital, Llc Systems and methods for presenting an outcome amount via a total number of events
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US7874906B2 (en) 1995-06-30 2011-01-25 Walker Digital, Llc Systems and methods for allocating an outcome amount among a total number of events
US7008318B2 (en) 1995-06-30 2006-03-07 Walker Digital, Llc Off-line remote system for lotteries and games of skill
US7179168B1 (en) 1995-06-30 2007-02-20 Walker Digital, Llc Systems and methods for allocating an outcome amount among a total number of events
US7303468B2 (en) 1995-06-30 2007-12-04 Walker Digital, Llc Off-line remote system for lotteries and games of skill
US7887405B2 (en) 1995-06-30 2011-02-15 Walker Digital, Llc Off-line remote system for lotteries and games of skill
US7878894B2 (en) 1995-06-30 2011-02-01 Walker Digital, Llc Systems and methods for allocating an outcome amount among a total number of events
US6942570B2 (en) 1995-06-30 2005-09-13 Walker Digital, Llc Off-line remote system for lotteries and games of skill
US7588495B2 (en) 1996-12-30 2009-09-15 Walker Digital, Llc Method and handheld apparatus for facilitating remote play of a slot machine
US7837549B2 (en) 1996-12-30 2010-11-23 Walker Digital, Llc System and method for automated play of lottery games
US7806763B2 (en) 1996-12-30 2010-10-05 Igt System and method for remote automated play of a gaming device
US6964611B2 (en) 1996-12-30 2005-11-15 Walker Digital, Llc System and method for automated play of lottery games
US8388430B2 (en) 1996-12-30 2013-03-05 Walker Digital, Llc System and method for automated play of lottery games
US7452270B2 (en) 2000-06-29 2008-11-18 Walker Digital, Llc Systems and methods for presenting an outcome amount via a total number of events
US8500537B2 (en) 2007-05-17 2013-08-06 Walker Digital, Llc Group play of a lottery game

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK433283A (en) 1984-04-10
NO833229L (en) 1984-04-10
ES283296Y (en) 1985-12-16
JPS5987252A (en) 1984-05-19
DK433283D0 (en) 1983-09-22
ES283296U (en) 1985-05-01
ATE16627T1 (en) 1985-12-15
DE3237469A1 (en) 1984-04-12
NO155985B (en) 1987-03-23
NO155985C (en) 1987-07-01
US4535683A (en) 1985-08-20
DE3237469C2 (en) 1984-08-09
EP0106187A1 (en) 1984-04-25

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