EP0125421A1 - Method of joining the end fin made of a vulcanised elastomer of an insulating element to a metal end fitting - Google Patents

Method of joining the end fin made of a vulcanised elastomer of an insulating element to a metal end fitting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0125421A1
EP0125421A1 EP84102828A EP84102828A EP0125421A1 EP 0125421 A1 EP0125421 A1 EP 0125421A1 EP 84102828 A EP84102828 A EP 84102828A EP 84102828 A EP84102828 A EP 84102828A EP 0125421 A1 EP0125421 A1 EP 0125421A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fitting
elastomer
fin
rod
fins
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84102828A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0125421B1 (en
Inventor
Guy Thevenet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ceraver SA
Original Assignee
Ceraver SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ceraver SA filed Critical Ceraver SA
Priority to AT84102828T priority Critical patent/ATE24791T1/en
Publication of EP0125421A1 publication Critical patent/EP0125421A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0125421B1 publication Critical patent/EP0125421B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/38Fittings, e.g. caps; Fastenings therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of connecting the end fin of an insulating element comprising an insulating rod surrounded by fins made of vulcanized elastomer with an end fitting. It relates in particular to organic electrical insulators.
  • German patent application DE-A-2855 211 it is also known from German patent application DE-A-2855 211 to use a seal and a silicone grease.
  • the bonding method according to the invention is characterized in that at least one layer of rubber / metal bonding agent is placed on the lower part of the fitting, then between fitting and terminal fin an intermediate crown made of elastomer in the raw state, the fitting is fixed to the rod so that the intermediate crown is compressed between the terminal fin and the lower part of the fitting and the vulcanization of the crown is then carried out.
  • the elastomer seal after vulcanization retains its seal over time and expands during the tensile forces imposed on the insulating element without loss of this seal.
  • the insulating element 1 comprises an insulating rod made of glass fibers composites 2 surrounded by an elastomer sheath 3 in the raw state.
  • each fin 4 comprises an upper sleeve 5, a lower sleeve 7 and a peripheral part 6 forming an obtuse angle with the upper sleeve 5 and an acute angle with the lower sleeve 7.
  • Such an insulating element 1 is for example described in the document FR-A-7918031.
  • a foam crown 9 is then placed around the rod 2 which is placed on the edge of the upper sleeve 5 of the terminal fin 4 as well as on the edge of the sheath 3.
  • An intermediate crown 10 of raw elastomer is placed on the region 11 of the terminal fin making the transition between its upper sleeve 5 and its peripheral part 6 after having previously frosted this region 11.
  • the lower part 12 of a fitting 13 is applied to this crown 10, this part 12 having been previously coated with a rubber / metal bonding agent.
  • This bonding agent allows during subsequent vulcanization the bonding of the elastomer on the metal.
  • the crown 10 is applied perfectly on the part 12 of the fitting 13 even if the surface of the fitting has many irregularities.
  • the fitting 13 has a cylindrical internal wall 14 contiguous to the lower part 12 which tightly traps the upper sleeve 5 of the terminal fin 4 and the crown of foam 9.
  • the fitting then comprises a first conical surface 15 which leaves the cylindrical wall 14 to approach the rod 2 then a second conical surface 16 which departs from the rod 2.
  • the fitting 13 being pressed strongly on the crown 10 the cavity is filled between the surfaces 15 and 16 and the rod 2 of polymerizable resin.
  • the rod 2 After polymerization of the resin the rod 2 is thus sealed in a biconical volume 17, so that when trac efforts tion will be imposed on the fitting 13 these will be communicated to the rod 2.
  • the raw elastomer used is preferably EPDM, the vulcanization temperature of which is of the order of 140-160 ° C.

Abstract

A metal end fitting (13) is hermetically sealed to an end fin (4) of an insulator component (1) which includes an insulating rod (2) surrounded by fins (4) of vulcanized elastomer by coating at least one layer of rubber/metal gluing agent on the bottom portion (12) of the metal end fitting (13), then disposing an intermediate washer (10) of raw elastomer between the metal end fitting (13) and the end fin (4), fixing the end fitting (13) to the rod (2) in such a manner that the intermediate washer (10) ring is cmopressed between the end fin (4) and the bottom portion (12) of the end fitting (13), and then vulcanizing the washer (10).

Description

La présente invention a trait à un procédé de liaison de l'ailette terminale d'un élément isolant comportant un jonc isolant entouré d'ailettes en élastomère vulcanisé avec une ferrure d'extrémité. Elle concerne en particulier les isolateurs électriques organiques.The present invention relates to a method of connecting the end fin of an insulating element comprising an insulating rod surrounded by fins made of vulcanized elastomer with an end fitting. It relates in particular to organic electrical insulators.

Il est connu de disposer une couche de colle de polychloroprène entre la ferrure d'extrémité et la dernière ailette. Cette couche de colle assure l'étanchéité entre ferrure et ailette.It is known to have a layer of polychloroprene adhesive between the end fitting and the last fin. This layer of adhesive seals between the fitting and the fin.

Il est connu également par la demande de brevet allemand DE-A-2855 211 de mettre en oeuvre un joint d'étanchéité et une graisse de silicone.It is also known from German patent application DE-A-2855 211 to use a seal and a silicone grease.

Avec ces dispositions on constate que l'étanchéité se détériore avec le temps : en raison notamment des efforts de traction imposés à l'élément isolant, la liaison peut en effet être partiellement endommagée.With these arrangements, it can be seen that the seal deteriorates over time: due in particular to the tensile forces imposed on the insulating element, the connection can indeed be partially damaged.

Le procédé de liaison selon l'invention, permettant d'éviter ces inconvénients, est caractérisé en ce qu'on dispose sur la partie inférieure de la ferrure au moins une couche d'agent de collage caoutchouc/métal, puis on dispose entre ferrure et ailette terminale une couronne intermédiaire en élastomère à l'état cru, on fixe la ferrure au jonc de façon que la couronne intermédiaire soit comprimée entre l'ailette terminale et la partie inférieure de la ferrure et on effectue ensuite la vulcanisation de la couronne.The bonding method according to the invention, making it possible to avoid these drawbacks, is characterized in that at least one layer of rubber / metal bonding agent is placed on the lower part of the fitting, then between fitting and terminal fin an intermediate crown made of elastomer in the raw state, the fitting is fixed to the rod so that the intermediate crown is compressed between the terminal fin and the lower part of the fitting and the vulcanization of the crown is then carried out.

Le joint d'élastomère après vulcanisation conserve son étanchéité dans le temps et se dilate lors des efforts de traction imposés à l'élément isolant sans perte de cette étanchéité.The elastomer seal after vulcanization retains its seal over time and expands during the tensile forces imposed on the insulating element without loss of this seal.

L'invention va maintenant être décrite plus en détail en se référant à la figure unique qui représente un élément isolant avec liaison ferrure-ailette terminale obtenue par le procédé selon l'invention. Il s'agit d'une extrémité d'un isolateur électrique organique.The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the single figure which represents an insulating element with fitting fitting-end fin obtained by the method according to the invention. It is one end of an organic electrical insulator.

L'élément isolant 1 comporte un jonc isolant en fibres de verre composites 2 entouré d'une gaine 3 en élastomère à l'état cru.The insulating element 1 comprises an insulating rod made of glass fibers composites 2 surrounded by an elastomer sheath 3 in the raw state.

Sur le jonc 2 revêtu de la gaine 3 on a enfilé des ailettes 4 en élastomère vulcanisé. Chaque ailette 4 comporte un manchon supérieur 5, un manchon inférieur 7 et une partie périphérique 6 faisant un angle obtus avec le manchon supérieur 5 et un angle aigu avec le manchon inférieur 7.On the rod 2 coated with the sheath 3, fins 4 of vulcanized elastomer were threaded. Each fin 4 comprises an upper sleeve 5, a lower sleeve 7 and a peripheral part 6 forming an obtuse angle with the upper sleeve 5 and an acute angle with the lower sleeve 7.

On a disposé en enfilant les ailettes 4 une couronne intermédiaire 8 en élastomère cru entre le manchon inférieur 7 d'une ailette et le manchon supérieur 5 de l'ailette 4 consécutive.Was placed by threading the fins 4 an intermediate ring 8 of raw elastomer between the lower sleeve 7 of a fin and the upper sleeve 5 of the fin 4 consecutive.

Un tel élément isolant 1 est par exemple décrit dans le document FR-A-7918031.Such an insulating element 1 is for example described in the document FR-A-7918031.

On dispose ensuite une couronne en mousse 9 autour du jonc 2 qui est posé sur la tranche du manchon supérieur 5 de l'ailette 4 terminale ainsi que sur la tranche de la gaine 3.A foam crown 9 is then placed around the rod 2 which is placed on the edge of the upper sleeve 5 of the terminal fin 4 as well as on the edge of the sheath 3.

On dispose une couronne intermédiaire 10 en élastomère cru sur la région 11 de l'ailette terminale faisant la transition entre son manchon supérieur 5 et sa partie périphérique 6 après avoir dépoli au préalable cette région 11.An intermediate crown 10 of raw elastomer is placed on the region 11 of the terminal fin making the transition between its upper sleeve 5 and its peripheral part 6 after having previously frosted this region 11.

On vient appliquer sur cette couronne 10 la partie inférieure 12 d'une ferrure 13, cette partie 12 ayant été préalablement enduite d'un agent de collage caoutchouc/métal. Cet agent de collage permet pendant la vulcanisation ultérieure le collage de l'élastomère sur le métal. La couronne 10 s'applique parfaitement sur la partie 12 de la ferrure 13 même si la surface de la ferrure présente de nombreuses irrégularités.The lower part 12 of a fitting 13 is applied to this crown 10, this part 12 having been previously coated with a rubber / metal bonding agent. This bonding agent allows during subsequent vulcanization the bonding of the elastomer on the metal. The crown 10 is applied perfectly on the part 12 of the fitting 13 even if the surface of the fitting has many irregularities.

La ferrure 13 comporte une paroi interne cylindrique 14 contiguë à la partie inférieure 12 qui vient emprisonner étroitement le manchon supérieur 5 de l'ailette 4 terminale et la couronne de mousse 9.The fitting 13 has a cylindrical internal wall 14 contiguous to the lower part 12 which tightly traps the upper sleeve 5 of the terminal fin 4 and the crown of foam 9.

La ferrure comporte ensuite une première surface conique 15 qui part de la paroi cylindrique 14 pour se rapprocher du jonc 2 puis une seconde surface conique 16 qui s'écarte du jonc 2. La ferrure 13 étant pressée fortement sur la couronne 10 on remplit la cavité entre les surfaces 15 et 16 et le jonc 2 de résine polymérisable.The fitting then comprises a first conical surface 15 which leaves the cylindrical wall 14 to approach the rod 2 then a second conical surface 16 which departs from the rod 2. The fitting 13 being pressed strongly on the crown 10 the cavity is filled between the surfaces 15 and 16 and the rod 2 of polymerizable resin.

Après polymérisation de la résine le jonc 2 est ainsi scellé dans un volume biconique 17, si bien que lorsque des efforts de traction seront imposés à la ferrure 13 ceux-ci seront communiqués au jonc 2.After polymerization of the resin the rod 2 is thus sealed in a biconical volume 17, so that when trac efforts tion will be imposed on the fitting 13 these will be communicated to the rod 2.

On porte ensuite l'élément 'isolant 1 avec sa ferrure 13 à la température de vulcanisation. Tout l'élastomère à l'état cru est vulcanisé et la couronne 10 devient un joint étanche entre la ferrure 13 et l'ailette 4 terminale qui lorsque l'élément isolant 1 est soumis à des efforts de traction se dilate sans perdre ses caractéristiques d'étanchéité.Then the door element insulator 1 with its bracket 13 to the vulcanization temperature. All the elastomer in the raw state is vulcanized and the crown 10 becomes a tight seal between the fitting 13 and the terminal fin 4 which when the insulating element 1 is subjected to tensile forces expands without losing its characteristics d sealing.

L'élastomère à l'état cru utilisé est de préférence de l'EPDM dont la température de vulcanisation est de l'ordre de 140-160°C.The raw elastomer used is preferably EPDM, the vulcanization temperature of which is of the order of 140-160 ° C.

Bien entendu cet exemple n'a été donné qu'à titre illustratif mais non limitatif.Of course, this example has been given by way of illustration but not limitation.

Claims (4)

1/ Procédé de liaison de l'ailette (4) terminale d'un élément iso-_ lant (1) comportant un jonc isolant (2) entouré d'ailettes (4) en élastomère vulcanisé avec une ferrure d'extrémité (13), caractérisé en ce que on dispose sur la partie inférieure (12) de la ferrure (13) une couche d'agent de collage caoutchouc/métal, puis on dispose entre ferrure (13) et ailette (4) terminale une couronne intermédiaire (10) en élastomère à l'état cru, on fixe la ferrure (13) au jonc (2) de façon que la couronne intermédiaire (10) soit comprimée entre l'ailette (4) terminale et la partie inférieure (12) de la ferrure (13) et on effectue ensuite la vulcanisation de la couronne intermédiaire (10).1 / Method for connecting the fin (4) terminal of an iso-_ lant element (1) comprising an insulating rod (2) surrounded by fins (4) of vulcanized elastomer with an end fitting (13) , characterized in that a layer of rubber / metal bonding agent is placed on the lower part (12) of the fitting (13), then an intermediate ring (10) is provided between the fitting (13) and the fin (4) ) made of elastomer in the raw state, the fitting (13) is fixed to the rod (2) so that the intermediate ring (10) is compressed between the fin (4) end and the lower part (12) of the fitting (13) and then the vulcanization of the intermediate crown (10) is carried out. 2/ Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que entre les ailettes (4) on a disposé des couronnes intermédiaires (8) en élastomère cru qui seront vulcanisées avec la couronne (10) entre ferrure (13) et ailettes (4) terminale au cours d'une même opération de vulcanisation.2 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that between the fins (4) there are disposed intermediate rings (8) of raw elastomer which will be vulcanized with the crown (10) between fitting (13) and fins (4) terminal during the same vulcanization operation. 3/ Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que entre le jonc (2) et les ailettes (4) est disposée une gaine (3) en élastomère cru qui sera vulcanisée lors de l'opération de vulcanisation des diverses couronnes (10, 8).3 / A method according to claim 2, characterized in that between the rod (2) and the fins (4) is disposed a sheath (3) of raw elastomer which will be vulcanized during the vulcanization operation of the various crowns (10, 8). 4/ Isolateur électrique organique obtenu à l'aide du procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes.4 / organic electrical insulator obtained using the method according to one of the preceding claims.
EP84102828A 1983-03-18 1984-03-15 Method of joining the end fin made of a vulcanised elastomer of an insulating element to a metal end fitting Expired EP0125421B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84102828T ATE24791T1 (en) 1983-03-18 1984-03-15 METHOD OF CONNECTING THE END SCREEN MADE OF VULCANIZED ELASTOMER OF AN INSULATING ELEMENT TO A END METAL FITTING.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8304450 1983-03-18
FR8304450A FR2542664B1 (en) 1983-03-18 1983-03-18 METHOD FOR CONNECTING THE VULCANIZED ELASTOMERAL FIN FIN OF AN INSULATING ELEMENT WITH AN END FITTING

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0125421A1 true EP0125421A1 (en) 1984-11-21
EP0125421B1 EP0125421B1 (en) 1987-01-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84102828A Expired EP0125421B1 (en) 1983-03-18 1984-03-15 Method of joining the end fin made of a vulcanised elastomer of an insulating element to a metal end fitting

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US4885039A (en)
EP (1) EP0125421B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59180914A (en)
AT (1) ATE24791T1 (en)
AU (1) AU564261B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8401231A (en)
CA (1) CA1276778C (en)
DE (1) DE3461961D1 (en)
ES (1) ES530727A0 (en)
FR (1) FR2542664B1 (en)
MX (1) MX154985A (en)
NO (1) NO165468C (en)
NZ (1) NZ207529A (en)
ZA (1) ZA841980B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0173665A1 (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-03-05 Hoiness & Hoiness A/S Anchoring means for a rod in a terminal holder
EP0617432A2 (en) * 1993-03-25 1994-09-28 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Composite electrical insulator and method of manufacturing same
EP0709862A1 (en) * 1994-10-28 1996-05-01 Sediver, Societe Europeenne D'isolateurs En Verre Et Composite Method of assembling of a laminated support with a metal fitting for the manufacturing of an electrical insulator

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5830405A (en) * 1993-09-03 1998-11-03 Raychem Corporation Molding methods, track resistant silicone elastomer compositions and improved molded parts with better arcing, flashover and pollution resistance
JP2820380B2 (en) * 1995-02-21 1998-11-05 日本碍子株式会社 Method for manufacturing polymer insulator
TW406461B (en) * 1996-03-01 2000-09-21 Cooper Ind Inc Enhanced polymer ic weathershed and surge arrester and method of making same
JP3421353B2 (en) * 1997-03-11 2003-06-30 日本碍子株式会社 Manufacturing method of composite insulator and packing member used therefor
US5877453A (en) * 1997-09-17 1999-03-02 Maclean-Fogg Company Composite insulator
US20030080848A1 (en) * 2001-10-29 2003-05-01 Hubbell Incorporated Unitary arrester housing and support bracket
US6930254B2 (en) * 2003-08-14 2005-08-16 Electric Power Research Institute Chemically-doped composite insulator for early detection of potential failures due to exposure of the fiberglass rod

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE412448C (en) * 1923-10-26 1925-04-18 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk Process for sealing the gaps, seams, grooves, etc. that occur when the walls of the vessel are made of non-weldable material
DE413266C (en) * 1924-02-29 1925-05-04 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk Process for sealing the gaps, seams, grooves, etc. that occur when the walls of the vessel are made of non-weldable material
GB1126411A (en) * 1966-02-17 1968-09-05 Trans Dev Ltd Improvements in electric insulators
GB1233310A (en) * 1969-08-04 1971-05-26
FR2360968A2 (en) * 1976-08-02 1978-03-03 Ceraver Mechanical force transmitting structure - having agglomerated fibre core with elastomeric sheath and end fittings
DE2855211A1 (en) * 1978-12-21 1980-07-10 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie HV compound insulator using glass fibre reinforced cylindrical core - has slits at ends for wedges passing through holes in base of clamp with sealing jaws
GB2041444A (en) * 1978-12-18 1980-09-10 List H Internal combustion engine with vibration-absorbing mounting and an oil seal between the engine power unit and the crankcase
GB2053583A (en) * 1979-07-11 1981-02-04 Ceraver Insulator comprising a plurality of vulcanised fins and method of manufacture

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS504278A (en) * 1973-05-12 1975-01-17
FR2412150A1 (en) * 1977-12-14 1979-07-13 Ceraver LINE ELECTRIC INSULATOR IN ORGANIC MATTER
FR2419571A2 (en) * 1978-03-09 1979-10-05 Ceraver Sealed couplings for electrical switchgear levers - involving a ductile coupling crimped onto a rubber sheath
US4355200A (en) * 1980-10-27 1982-10-19 Interpace Corporation Polymer rod insulator with improved radio noise and corona characteristics

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE412448C (en) * 1923-10-26 1925-04-18 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk Process for sealing the gaps, seams, grooves, etc. that occur when the walls of the vessel are made of non-weldable material
DE413266C (en) * 1924-02-29 1925-05-04 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk Process for sealing the gaps, seams, grooves, etc. that occur when the walls of the vessel are made of non-weldable material
GB1126411A (en) * 1966-02-17 1968-09-05 Trans Dev Ltd Improvements in electric insulators
GB1233310A (en) * 1969-08-04 1971-05-26
FR2360968A2 (en) * 1976-08-02 1978-03-03 Ceraver Mechanical force transmitting structure - having agglomerated fibre core with elastomeric sheath and end fittings
GB2041444A (en) * 1978-12-18 1980-09-10 List H Internal combustion engine with vibration-absorbing mounting and an oil seal between the engine power unit and the crankcase
DE2855211A1 (en) * 1978-12-21 1980-07-10 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie HV compound insulator using glass fibre reinforced cylindrical core - has slits at ends for wedges passing through holes in base of clamp with sealing jaws
GB2053583A (en) * 1979-07-11 1981-02-04 Ceraver Insulator comprising a plurality of vulcanised fins and method of manufacture

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0173665A1 (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-03-05 Hoiness & Hoiness A/S Anchoring means for a rod in a terminal holder
US4663498A (en) * 1984-08-31 1987-05-05 Hoiness & Hoiness A/S Rod anchored to a tubular sleeve body
EP0617432A2 (en) * 1993-03-25 1994-09-28 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Composite electrical insulator and method of manufacturing same
EP0617432A3 (en) * 1993-03-25 1995-05-03 Ngk Insulators Ltd Composite electrical insulator and method of manufacturing same.
US5633478A (en) * 1993-03-25 1997-05-27 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Composite electrical insulator and method of manufacturing same
CN1085386C (en) * 1993-03-25 2002-05-22 日本碍子株式会社 Composite electrical insulator and method of manufacturing same
EP0709862A1 (en) * 1994-10-28 1996-05-01 Sediver, Societe Europeenne D'isolateurs En Verre Et Composite Method of assembling of a laminated support with a metal fitting for the manufacturing of an electrical insulator
FR2726395A1 (en) * 1994-10-28 1996-05-03 Sediver METHOD OF ASSEMBLING A LAMINATED SUPPORT AND A HINGE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF AN ELECTRICAL INSULATOR
KR100371067B1 (en) * 1994-10-28 2003-03-26 스디베르소시에떼유로쁘엔느디이솔라뙤르앙베르에꽁뽀지뜨 Assembly method of layered support and angle iron for manufacturing electrical insulator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8401231A (en) 1984-10-23
ES8500810A1 (en) 1984-11-01
CA1276778C (en) 1990-11-27
NO165468C (en) 1991-02-13
ZA841980B (en) 1984-10-31
AU564261B2 (en) 1987-08-06
NZ207529A (en) 1987-10-30
MX154985A (en) 1988-01-15
DE3461961D1 (en) 1987-02-12
ATE24791T1 (en) 1987-01-15
US4885039A (en) 1989-12-05
NO841022L (en) 1984-09-19
AU2581584A (en) 1984-09-20
JPH0312411B2 (en) 1991-02-20
JPS59180914A (en) 1984-10-15
FR2542664A1 (en) 1984-09-21
ES530727A0 (en) 1984-11-01
NO165468B (en) 1990-11-05
EP0125421B1 (en) 1987-01-07
FR2542664B1 (en) 1986-02-14

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