EP0163793A1 - Individual scuba-diving apparatus - Google Patents

Individual scuba-diving apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0163793A1
EP0163793A1 EP84401191A EP84401191A EP0163793A1 EP 0163793 A1 EP0163793 A1 EP 0163793A1 EP 84401191 A EP84401191 A EP 84401191A EP 84401191 A EP84401191 A EP 84401191A EP 0163793 A1 EP0163793 A1 EP 0163793A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
module
container
motor
cradle
bottles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84401191A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0163793B1 (en
Inventor
Patrice Galimand
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GROUPE DESIGN MBD
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GROUPE DESIGN MBD
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to FR8220725A priority Critical patent/FR2537538B1/en
Application filed by GROUPE DESIGN MBD filed Critical GROUPE DESIGN MBD
Priority to EP19840401191 priority patent/EP0163793B1/en
Priority to PCT/FR1984/000147 priority patent/WO1986000056A1/en
Priority to DE8484401191T priority patent/DE3481584D1/en
Publication of EP0163793A1 publication Critical patent/EP0163793A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0163793B1 publication Critical patent/EP0163793B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B35/00—Swimming framework with driving mechanisms operated by the swimmer or by a motor
    • A63B35/08—Swimming framework with driving mechanisms operated by the swimmer or by a motor with propeller propulsion
    • A63B35/12—Swimming framework with driving mechanisms operated by the swimmer or by a motor with propeller propulsion operated by a motor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an individual scuba diving device.
  • Torpedo-shaped propellants are known to tow divers.
  • the present invention overcomes these drawbacks and relates to an individual scuba diving device characterized in that it comprises both propulsion means and breathing means, so that it constitutes an autonomous device for propulsion and breathing.
  • This technique makes it possible to obtain a very resistant air storage container (the operating pressure can be for example 300 bars instead of the 200 bars currently used with steel bottles) and a significant saving in weight.
  • the invention further develops the application of the technique of composite materials to compressed gas cylinders by aiming, in addition to saving weight, saving external volume of bottles to help reconcile, on the same scuba diving device. marine, the existence of means of breathing and means propulsion.
  • the apparatus according to the invention comprises a respiratory module and a propellant module that can be separated at will, the propellant module being able to be released without modifying the weight / volume balance.
  • the organization of all of the two modules is provided so that its overall size is reconcilable with satisfactory diving performance, its weight remaining at most equal to the weight of a standard diving suit known as "bi-steel" while by maintaining a respiratory autonomy at least equal to that of this spacesuit.
  • the invention relates more particularly but not exclusively, to bottles made from a metallic core, preferably made of aluminum alloy, this core being hooped by means of a stratification by filament winding, fiberglass or carbon fiber , depending on the level of performance sought.
  • the container (6) is double and advantageously comes in the extension of the sockets (1A). Such an arrangement makes your hands free and does not change your diving habits.
  • the propellant module (MP) being able to be released at will, without modifying the weight / volume balance, by a release command with rods (8) of which spouts (8A) can come to bear on ears (8B) located on the periphery of the double container (6).
  • the propellant module is tared in positive flotation so as to be recoverable.
  • the cradle (1) made, preferably, of a material of low density and of high mechanical resistance following for example the technique of lightened thermoplastics, comprises elements allowing it to ensure several functions.
  • Sleeves (9) of this cradle in which the necks of the bottles are slid allow them to be kept in their center distance.
  • a tenon (10) of the cradle is intended to fit into a mortise (11) formed in a connecting bridge (12) connecting the two sockets (1A) for receiving the bottles and is immobilized there by a screw (13 ).
  • the cradle also carries a latch (14) articulated against a spring (15) and on which a hook (16) of the fairing (5) of the propulsion module is locked which finds its place between the two sockets (1A) and against the cradle (1).
  • the cradle shows a depression (17) allowing the hooking or release of the hook (16) from the fairing by sliding in this depression.
  • the release of the hook (16) means the release of the propulsion module (MP) the latch (14) actuated in this case against its spring (15) also producing a thrust of the rods (8) on the ears (8B ) from the container (6).
  • the diver can therefore, if necessary, drop the propellant module without changing its buoyancy balance.
  • the use of the respiratory module (MR) alone is thus possible in diving.
  • the cradle (1) On its face opposite to the engine fairing, the cradle (1) shows a ballast compartment (1B) allowing the buoyancy of the apparatus to be adjusted so as to be very slightly negative at full load (for example lowering of additional bottles on a given location).
  • the cradle further comprises a carrying handle (18) and elements for connection with the backrest-support (2) which is in two parts.
  • the two parts of backrest-support ensure the maintenance of the device by means of five adjustable straps so as to be adjusted and to limit its movement on the back of the plunger.
  • Two shoulder straps (height adjustment on the bust), two crotch straps for pulling down and a belt strap ensuring the connection of the previous four and the transverse stability of the device.
  • the volume of the two-body battery container (6) is calculated so that the battery assembly is in positive flotation. It is also preferably produced according to the technique of light thermoplastics.
  • the latch (14) ensures the unlocking of the two modules, by means of the release linkages (8).
  • Electronic regulation is associated with it, in order to optimize consumption (clipping of peaks of power absorbed at start-up, regulation of the distributed voltage, safety in the event of blockage of the propeller).
  • the fairing (5) of the propeller motor (4) (4A) is preferably produced using the same technology as the cradle (1). It includes a protective grid (5A) for the propeller, a flotation reserve (equal to the weight of the engine) and two stabilizing fins (24). The purpose of these latter is to make the pulling force and the center of gravity of the plunger concurrent, and to combat the torque created by the direction of rotation of the propeller.
  • the fins also participate in maintaining the engine-propeller assembly inside the fairing which is preferably circular.
  • the engine fairing (5) - double battery container (6) is secured by quarter-turn locking of a lock (26) on a span (27) prisoner of the container (6).
  • the lock (26) rotates around an intermediate tube (28) with a segment which seals and passes the electrical connection between the batteries, the motor and the control. This connection also serves as an electrical connection for recharging the batteries.
  • a well (31) connects the channel (30) to the motor and this well is formed in a spacer (32) for main maintenance of the motor.
  • the batteries (33) held between two boxes (34) are contained in the two bodies of the container (6).
  • the dry accumulators constituting the batteries are preferably of the nickel-cadmium type, with extra thin plates.
  • the choice of this type of accumulator is made in particular due to their sealing characteristics, total absence of maintenance, stability of the discharge voltage, even at high speed, insensitivity to significant overloads, their excellent performance from -40 ° C to + 50 ° C, their resistance to shocks and vibrations, the modularity of their elements for the constitution of power supplies and their lifespan.
  • the overall capacity is calculated for a duration of 1 hour 30 minutes, corresponding to the use of a 2.4 m 3 bottle, the most commonly used by divers.
  • the overall capacity of the batteries is designed to continuously cover breathing autonomy, including decompression stops, and without the use of the safety reserve.
  • the control (7), the connecting wire (35) of which ends at (36) -at the end of the channel (30) of the fairing (5) is produced by an overmolding of elastomer (37) of a contactor of the deformable thin layer type (38). It supplies a coil to a monostable power relay (not shown) energizing the motor.
  • the overmolding (37) has the general shape of a loop portion which is completed by a strip (39) preferably by means of pressure fastening (40).
  • the entire loop can be arranged around the hand of the diver so that the thumb can act on the contactor, not according to the natural gripping movement, but according to a movement lying in the plane of the profile of the hand, this in particular in order to avoid any untimely command of an involuntary tightening hand.
  • This command by pressing the thumb in the plane of the profile of the hand, allows voluntary gripping by the other fingers closing towards the palm.
  • the control is preferably used by the other hand than the usual hand (left hand for right-handed; right hand for left-handed) so as to leave free the most skillful hand.
  • the number of bottles can be variable depending on the use, either one, two or more.

Abstract

The individual submarine diving equipment comprises a breathing module (MR) and a propulsing module (MP) which modules are separable, the propulsing module being releasable as desired. The equipment is a self-contained propulsion and breathing apparatus of a weight at the most equal to the weight of a conventional so-called "bi-steel" diving suit while retaining a breathing autonomy at least equal to that of the diving suit. The invention is generally applicable to nautical equipments.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un appareil individuel de plongée sous-marine.The present invention relates to an individual scuba diving device.

On connaît les engins propulseurs en forme de torpille tractant les plongeurs.Torpedo-shaped propellants are known to tow divers.

Bien qu'ils soient de conception et de réalisation simples et fiables, ces engins sont manoeuvrés "à bout de bras" ce qui a pour conséquences des inconvénients non négligeables : une indisponibilité des bras ; une gêne de la visibilité (position de l'engin dans le champ, flux de l'hélice) ; un déplacement non instinctif du plongeur ; l'engin étant tenu à bout de bras, c'est l'orientation du propulseur qui entraîne le plongeur. De plus, l'engin propulseur étant en flottaison positive , dès que le plongeur l'abandonne il est obligé de le maintenir au fond par un moyen quelconque, afin de pouvoir le récupérer ultérieurement.Although they are simple and reliable in design and construction, these machines are maneuvered "at arm's length" which has the consequences of non-negligible drawbacks: unavailability of the arms; impaired visibility (position of the craft in the field, flow of the propeller); non-instinctive movement of the diver; the machine being held at arm's length, it is the orientation of the propellant which drives the plunger. In addition, the propellant being in positive flotation, as soon as the diver abandons it, he is obliged to keep it at the bottom by any means, in order to be able to recover it later.

La présente invention remédie à ces inconvénients et vise un appareil individuel de plongée sous-marine caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, à la fois, des moyens de propulsion et des moyens de respiration, de telle sorte qu'il constitue un appareil autonome de propulsion et de respiration.The present invention overcomes these drawbacks and relates to an individual scuba diving device characterized in that it comprises both propulsion means and breathing means, so that it constitutes an autonomous device for propulsion and breathing.

La technique des matériaux composites a servi à l'évolution de nombreux domaines et entre autres celui des bouteilles de gaz comprimé constituées d'une coque interne en alliage léger renforcée par un bobinage externe en fibre de verre par exemple.The technique of composite materials has been used in the development of many fields and, among others, that of compressed gas cylinders made up of an internal shell made of light alloy reinforced by an external winding made of fiberglass for example.

Cette technique permet d'obtenir un récipient de stockage de l'air très résistant (la pression d'utilisation pouvant être par exemple de 300 bars au lieu des 200 bars en usage actuellement avec les bouteilles acier) et une économie de poids importante.This technique makes it possible to obtain a very resistant air storage container (the operating pressure can be for example 300 bars instead of the 200 bars currently used with steel bottles) and a significant saving in weight.

L'invention développe plus avant l'application de la technique des matériaux composites aux bouteilles de gaz comprimé en visant, outre l'économie de poids, une économie de volume extérieur de bouteilles pour contribuer à concilier, sur un même appareil de plongée sous-marine, l'existence de moyens de respiration et de moyens de propulsion.The invention further develops the application of the technique of composite materials to compressed gas cylinders by aiming, in addition to saving weight, saving external volume of bottles to help reconcile, on the same scuba diving device. marine, the existence of means of breathing and means propulsion.

L'appareil selon l'invention comprend un module respiratoire et un module propulseur séparables à volonté, le module propulseur pouvant être largué sans modification de l'équilibre poids/volume.The apparatus according to the invention comprises a respiratory module and a propellant module that can be separated at will, the propellant module being able to be released without modifying the weight / volume balance.

De plus, certains éléments de ces modules peuvent être avantageusement prévus dans le prolongement les uns des autres sans nuire à la longueur hors tout de l'appareil.In addition, certain elements of these modules can advantageously be provided in the extension of each other without affecting the overall length of the device.

De toute manière, l'organisation de l'ensemble des deux modules est prévue pour que son encombrement général soit conciliable avec des performances de plongée satisfaisantes , son poids restant au plus égal au poids d'un scaphandre usuel dit "bi-acier" tout en gardant une autonomie respiratoire au moins égale à celle de ce scaphandre.In any case, the organization of all of the two modules is provided so that its overall size is reconcilable with satisfactory diving performance, its weight remaining at most equal to the weight of a standard diving suit known as "bi-steel" while by maintaining a respiratory autonomy at least equal to that of this spacesuit.

L'invention vise plus particulièrement mais non exclusivement, des bouteilles réalisées à partir d'une âme métallique, de préférence en alliage d'aluminium, cette âme étant frettée au moyen d'une stratification par enroulement filamentaire,fibre de verre ou fibre de carbone, suivant le niveau de performance recherché.The invention relates more particularly but not exclusively, to bottles made from a metallic core, preferably made of aluminum alloy, this core being hooped by means of a stratification by filament winding, fiberglass or carbon fiber , depending on the level of performance sought.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront de la description qui va suivre faite en regard des dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en élévation latérale d'un appareil selon l'invention
  • -la figure 2 est une vue en plan, par le dessus, de ce même appareil ;
  • - la figure 3 en est une vue en coupe longitudinale ;
  • - la figure 4 représente deux demi-coupes suivant les lignes A-A et B-B de la figure 1 ;
  • - la figure 5 est une vue partielle et en coupe de l'appareil selon l'invention, suivant la ligne C-C de la figure 1 ;
  • - la figure 6 est une vue en perspective d'une commande manuelle du moteur du module de propulsion, des éléments intérieurs à cette commande étant également - représentés ;
  • - les figures 7, 8 et 9 montrent la commande disposée sur la main du plongeur, de manière à permettre une action par le pouce de la main, suivant un mouvement se situant dans le plan du profil de la main ; et
  • - les figures 10, 11 et 12 montrent le déplacement sous l'eau d'un plongeur équipé d'un appareil individuel de plongée sous-marine selon l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the description which follows, given with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a side elevational view of an apparatus according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view, from above, of this same device;
  • - Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view;
  • - Figure 4 shows two half-sections along the lines AA and BB of Figure 1;
  • - Figure 5 is a partial sectional view of the apparatus according to the invention, along the line CC of Figure 1;
  • - Figure 6 is a perspective view of a manual control of the motor of the propulsion module, elements internal to this order also being - shown;
  • - Figures 7, 8 and 9 show the control disposed on the hand of the plunger, so as to allow an action by the thumb of the hand, following a movement lying in the plane of the profile of the hand; and
  • - Figures 10, 11 and 12 show the movement underwater of a diver equipped with an individual scuba diving device according to the invention.

Dans la forme de réalisation représentée, un appareil selon l'invention comprend deux modules pouvant être séparés à volonté :

  • . Un module respiratoire (MR) comprenant un berceau (1), un dosseret (2) et deux bouteilles à air (3) reçues dans deux douilles (1A) fixées au berceau.
  • . Un module propulseur (MP), comprenant un moteur (4) à hélice (4A) et son carénage (5), un container (6) pour une source autonome d'énergie électrique (batteries d'accumulateurs secs) et une commande autonome (7) (figures 6 à 9).
In the embodiment shown, an apparatus according to the invention comprises two modules which can be separated at will:
  • . A respiratory module (MR) comprising a cradle (1), a backrest (2) and two air bottles (3) received in two sockets (1A) fixed to the cradle.
  • . A propellant module (MP), comprising a propeller motor (4) and its fairing (5), a container (6) for an autonomous source of electrical energy (dry storage batteries) and an autonomous control ( 7) (Figures 6 to 9).

Le container (6) est double et vient avantageusement dans le prolongement des douilles (1A). Lne telle disposition rend les mains libres et ne change pas les habitudes de plongée.The container (6) is double and advantageously comes in the extension of the sockets (1A). Such an arrangement makes your hands free and does not change your diving habits.

Elle préserve la sécurité du plongeur, le module propulseur (MP) pouvant être largué à volonté, sans modification de l'équilibre poids/volume, par une commande de largage à tringles (8) dont des becs (8A) peuvent venir porter sur des oreilles (8B) situées sur la périphérie du container double (6).It preserves the safety of the diver, the propellant module (MP) being able to be released at will, without modifying the weight / volume balance, by a release command with rods (8) of which spouts (8A) can come to bear on ears (8B) located on the periphery of the double container (6).

Le module propulseur est taré en flottaison positive de façon à être récupérable.The propellant module is tared in positive flotation so as to be recoverable.

Le berceau (1) réalisé, de préférence, en un matériau de faible densité et de résistance mécanique élevée suivant par exemple la technique des thermoplastiques allégés, comprend des éléments lui permettant d'assurer plusieurs fonctions.The cradle (1) made, preferably, of a material of low density and of high mechanical resistance following for example the technique of lightened thermoplastics, comprises elements allowing it to ensure several functions.

Des fourreaux (9) de ce berceau dans lesquels sont glissés les cols des bouteilles permettent de maintenir celles-ci dans leur entraxe.Sleeves (9) of this cradle in which the necks of the bottles are slid allow them to be kept in their center distance.

Un tenon (10) du berceau est destiné à s'emboîter dans une mortaise (11) pratiquée dans un pontet de liaison (12) reliant les deux douilles (1A) de réception des bouteilles et s'y trouve immobilisé par une vis (13).A tenon (10) of the cradle is intended to fit into a mortise (11) formed in a connecting bridge (12) connecting the two sockets (1A) for receiving the bottles and is immobilized there by a screw (13 ).

Le berceau porte, de plus, un loquet (14) articulé à l'encontre d'un ressort (15) et sur lequel vient se verrouiller un crochet (16) du carénage (5) du module de propulsion qui trouve sa place entre les deux douilles (1A) et contre le berceau (1). Le berceau montre une dépression (17) permettant l'enclenchement ou la libération du crochet (16) du carénage par glissement dans cette dépression.The cradle also carries a latch (14) articulated against a spring (15) and on which a hook (16) of the fairing (5) of the propulsion module is locked which finds its place between the two sockets (1A) and against the cradle (1). The cradle shows a depression (17) allowing the hooking or release of the hook (16) from the fairing by sliding in this depression.

La libération du crochet (16) signifie le largage du module de propulsion (MP) le loquet (14) actionné dans ce cas à l'encontre de son ressort (15) produisant également une poussée des tringles (8) sur les oreilles (8B) du container (6).The release of the hook (16) means the release of the propulsion module (MP) the latch (14) actuated in this case against its spring (15) also producing a thrust of the rods (8) on the ears (8B ) from the container (6).

Le plongeur peut donc, si nécessaire, larguer le module propulseur sans pour autant changer son équilibre de flottaison. L'utilisation du module respiratoire (MR) seul est ainsi possible en plongée.The diver can therefore, if necessary, drop the propellant module without changing its buoyancy balance. The use of the respiratory module (MR) alone is thus possible in diving.

Sur sa face opposée au carénage moteur, le berceau (1) montre un compartiment à lest (1B) permettant d'ajuster la flottaison de l'appareil de façon à être très légèrement négative à pleine charge (par exemple descente de bouteilles supplémentaires sur un lieu donné).On its face opposite to the engine fairing, the cradle (1) shows a ballast compartment (1B) allowing the buoyancy of the apparatus to be adjusted so as to be very slightly negative at full load (for example lowering of additional bottles on a given location).

Le berceau comprend, par ailleurs, une poignée de portage (18) et des éléments de liaison avec le dosseret-support (2) qui est en deux parties.The cradle further comprises a carrying handle (18) and elements for connection with the backrest-support (2) which is in two parts.

Les deux parties de dosseret-support assurent le maintien de l'appareil au moyen de cinq sangles réglables de manière à être ajustées et à limiter son déplacement sur le dos du plongeur. Deux sangles d'épaules (réglage en hauteur sur le buste), deux sangles d'entrejambe assurant le tirage vers le bas et une sangle de ceinture assurant la liaison des quatre précédentes et la stabilité transversale de l'appareil.The two parts of backrest-support ensure the maintenance of the device by means of five adjustable straps so as to be adjusted and to limit its movement on the back of the plunger. Two shoulder straps (height adjustment on the bust), two crotch straps for pulling down and a belt strap ensuring the connection of the previous four and the transverse stability of the device.

Le volume du container de batterie (6) à deux corps, est calculé de façon à ce que l'ensemble de batteries se trouve en flottaison positive. Il est également de préférence réalisé suivant la technique des thermoplastiques allégés.The volume of the two-body battery container (6) is calculated so that the battery assembly is in positive flotation. It is also preferably produced according to the technique of light thermoplastics.

Un couvercle (19) en alliage d'aluminium et un joint (20) torique assurent l'étanchéité sur une portée métallique (21) surmoulée dans chaque corps du container. Un jonc (22) en acier inoxydable assure le verrouillage.An aluminum alloy cover (19) and an O-ring (20) seal on a metal surface (21) molded into each body of the container. A stainless steel ring (22) ensures locking.

Une double pénétration des portées (21) des corps du container de batteries (6) dans des gorges circulaires (23) pratiquées dans les culots des douilles (1A) de réception des bouteilles, assure le centrage et le guidage des modules.Double penetration of the bearing surfaces (21) of the bodies of the battery container (6) in circular grooves (23) formed in the bases of the sockets (1A) for receiving the bottles, ensures the centering and guiding of the modules.

Comme décrit plushaut, le loquet (14) assure le déverrouillage des deux modules, au moyen des tringleries de largage (8).As described above, the latch (14) ensures the unlocking of the two modules, by means of the release linkages (8).

Le moteur électrique basse tension (4) accouplé à un réducteur, assure une rotation lente de l'hélice. Une régulation électronique lui est associée, afin d'optimiser la consommation (écrêtage des pointes de puissance absorbée au démarrage, régulation de la tension distribuée, sécurité en cas de blocage de l'hélice).The low voltage electric motor (4) coupled to a reduction gear, ensures a slow rotation of the propeller. Electronic regulation is associated with it, in order to optimize consumption (clipping of peaks of power absorbed at start-up, regulation of the distributed voltage, safety in the event of blockage of the propeller).

Le carénage (5) du moteur (4) à hélice (4A) est de préférence réalisé suivant la même technologie que le berceau (1). Il comprend une grille de protection (5A) de l'hélice, une réserve de flottaison (égale au poids du moteur) et deux ailerons de stabilisation (24). Ces derniers ont pour but de rendre concourant l'effort de traction et le centre de gravité du plongeur, et de combattre le couple créé par le sens de rotation de l'hélice.The fairing (5) of the propeller motor (4) (4A) is preferably produced using the same technology as the cradle (1). It includes a protective grid (5A) for the propeller, a flotation reserve (equal to the weight of the engine) and two stabilizing fins (24). The purpose of these latter is to make the pulling force and the center of gravity of the plunger concurrent, and to combat the torque created by the direction of rotation of the propeller.

Les ailerons participent, de plus, au maintien de l'ensemble moteur-hélice à l'intérieur du carénage qui est de préférence circulaire.The fins also participate in maintaining the engine-propeller assembly inside the fairing which is preferably circular.

La solidarisation carénage moteur (5) - container double de batteries (6) se fait par le blocage quart de tour d'un verrou (26) sur une portée (27) prisonnière du container (6).The engine fairing (5) - double battery container (6) is secured by quarter-turn locking of a lock (26) on a span (27) prisoner of the container (6).

Le verrou (26) tourne autour d'un tube intermédiaire (28) à segment qui assure l'étanchéité et le passage de la connexion électrique entre batteries, moteur et commande. Cette connexion sert aussi de liaison électrique pour opérer la recharge des batteries.The lock (26) rotates around an intermediate tube (28) with a segment which seals and passes the electrical connection between the batteries, the motor and the control. This connection also serves as an electrical connection for recharging the batteries.

Le passage de la connexion électrique est également assuré par un canal (29) du container double (6) et un canal (30) du carénage (5). Un puits (31) relie le canal (30) au moteur et ce puits est pratiqué dans une entretoise (32) de maintien principal du moteur.The passage of the electrical connection is also ensured by a channel (29) of the double container (6) and a channel (30) of the fairing (5). A well (31) connects the channel (30) to the motor and this well is formed in a spacer (32) for main maintenance of the motor.

Les batteries (33) maintenues entre deux boîtiers (34) sont contenues dans les deux corps du container (6). Les accumulateurs secs constituant les batteries sont de préférence du type nickel-cadmium, à plaques extra minces. Le choix de ce type d'accumulateurs est fait en raison, notamment, de leurs caractéristiques d'étanchéité, d'absence totale de maintenance, de stabilité de la tension en décharge, même à fort régime, d'insensibilité aux surcharges importantes,de leurs excellentes performances de -40°C à+50°C, de leur résistance aux chocs et vibrations, de la modularité de leurs éléments pour la constitution de blocs d'alimentation et de leur durée de vie.The batteries (33) held between two boxes (34) are contained in the two bodies of the container (6). The dry accumulators constituting the batteries are preferably of the nickel-cadmium type, with extra thin plates. The choice of this type of accumulator is made in particular due to their sealing characteristics, total absence of maintenance, stability of the discharge voltage, even at high speed, insensitivity to significant overloads, their excellent performance from -40 ° C to + 50 ° C, their resistance to shocks and vibrations, the modularity of their elements for the constitution of power supplies and their lifespan.

La capacité d'ensemble est calculée pour une durée de 1 h 30, correspondant à l'emploi d'une bouteille de 2,4 m3, la plus couramment utilisée par les plongeurs.The overall capacity is calculated for a duration of 1 hour 30 minutes, corresponding to the use of a 2.4 m 3 bottle, the most commonly used by divers.

Compte tenu de la puissance absorbée par le moteur, la capacité d'ensemble des batteries est prévue pour couvrir en continu l'autonomie respiratoire, y compris les paliers de décompression, et sans l'utilisation de la réserve de sécurité.Taking into account the power absorbed by the engine, the overall capacity of the batteries is designed to continuously cover breathing autonomy, including decompression stops, and without the use of the safety reserve.

La commande (7), dont le fil de liaison (35) aboutit en (36)-à l'extrémité du canal (30) du carénage (5) est réalisée par un surmoulage d'élastomère (37) d'un contacteur du type couche mince déformable (38). Elle assure l'alimentation d'une bobine d'un relais monostable de puissance (non représentée) mettant le moteur sous tension.The control (7), the connecting wire (35) of which ends at (36) -at the end of the channel (30) of the fairing (5) is produced by an overmolding of elastomer (37) of a contactor of the deformable thin layer type (38). It supplies a coil to a monostable power relay (not shown) energizing the motor.

Le surmoulage (37) a la forme générale d'une portion de boucle laquelle est complétée par une bande (39) de préférence à moyen d'attache par pression (40). L'ensemble de la boucle peut être disposée autour de la main du plongeur de manière que le pouce puisse agir sur le contacteur, non pas suivant le mouvement naturel de préhension, mais suivant un mouvement se situant dans le plan du profil de la main, ceci notamment afin d'éviter toute commande intempestive d'une main se crispant involontairement.The overmolding (37) has the general shape of a loop portion which is completed by a strip (39) preferably by means of pressure fastening (40). The entire loop can be arranged around the hand of the diver so that the thumb can act on the contactor, not according to the natural gripping movement, but according to a movement lying in the plane of the profile of the hand, this in particular in order to avoid any untimely command of an involuntary tightening hand.

Cette commande, par appui du pouce dans le plan du profil de la main, autorise une préhension volontaire par les autres doigts se refermant vers la paume.This command, by pressing the thumb in the plane of the profile of the hand, allows voluntary gripping by the other fingers closing towards the palm.

La commande est de préférence utilisée par l'autre main que la main habituelle (main gauche pour le droitier ; main droite pour le gaucher) de manière à laisser libre la main la plus habile.The control is preferably used by the other hand than the usual hand (left hand for right-handed; right hand for left-handed) so as to leave free the most skillful hand.

L'appareil individuel de plongée sous-marine selon l'invention présente donc les avantages suivants :

  • . disponibilité des mains ;
  • . simplification du déplacement sous l'eau même habitude de plongée ; déplacement instinctif (figures 10, 11 et 12) ;
  • . autonomie respiratoire comparable aux bouteilles existantes ;
  • . sécurité du plongeur dans toutes les phases de plongée.
  • . encombrement et poids aussi réduits que possible comparables à un scaphandre autonome du type "bi-acier" ;
  • . commande autonome ;
  • . stockage et renouvellement de l'énergie et de l'air par l'utilisateur ;
  • . construction adaptée au milieu marin.
The individual scuba diving device according to the invention therefore has the following advantages:
  • . hand availability;
  • . simplification of movement underwater, same habit of diving; instinctive movement (Figures 10, 11 and 12);
  • . respiratory autonomy comparable to existing bottles;
  • . diver safety during all dive phases.
  • . space and weight as reduced as possible comparable to an autonomous suit of the "bi-steel"type;
  • . autonomous control;
  • . storage and renewal of energy and air by the user;
  • . construction adapted to the marine environment.

Il est bien entendu enfin que la présente invention n'a été décrite et représentée qu'à titre d'exemple préférentiel et que l'on pourra apporter des des équivalences dans ses éléments constitutifs sans, pour autant, sortir du cadre de l'invention.Finally, it is clearly understood that the present invention has only been described and shown as a preferred example and that it will be possible to provide equivalences in its constituent elements without, however, departing from the scope of the invention.

Ces ainsi que toute chose égale par ailleurs, le nombre de bouteilles peut être variable suivant l'utilisation, soit une, deux ou plusieurs.These as well as all other things being equal, the number of bottles can be variable depending on the use, either one, two or more.

Claims (18)

1. appareil individuel de plongée sous-marine comprenant un module respiratoire et un module moteur séparables, caractérisé en ce que le module respiratoire (MR) constitue un premier volume et le module moteur (MP) un second volume en partie parallèle au premier, certains éléments (6) du module moteur (MP) étant prévus dans le prolongement arrière d'autres éléments (1A) du module respiratoire (MR), sans nuire à la longueur hors tout de l'appareil.1. individual scuba diving device comprising a separable respiratory module and a motor module, characterized in that the respiratory module (MR) constitutes a first volume and the motor module (MP) a second volume partly parallel to the first, some elements (6) of the motor module (MP) being provided in the rear extension of other elements (1A) of the respiratory module (MR), without affecting the overall length of the device. 2. Appareil selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le module moteur (MP) comprend un moteur (4) à hélice (4A) et son carénage (5) et un container (6) pour une source autonome d'énergie électrique, lequel container vient dans le prolongement arrière des bouteilles (3) du module respiratoire.2. Apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that the motor module (MP) comprises a motor (4) propeller (4A) and its fairing (5) and a container (6) for an autonomous source of electrical energy, which container comes in the rear extension of the bottles (3) of the respiratory module. 3. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que des ailerons de stabilisation (24) du carénage du moteur permettent de rendre concourant l'effort de traction de l'hélice et le centre de gravité du plongeur et de combattre le couple créé par le sens de rotation de l'hélice.3. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that stabilization fins (24) of the engine fairing make it possible to make the traction force of the propeller and the center of gravity of the plunger concurrent and to combat the torque created by the direction of rotation of the propeller. 4. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le module respiratoire (MR) comprend au moins un berceau (1) et des douilles (lA) de réception des bouteilles (3).4. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the respiratory module (MR) comprises at least one cradle (1) and sockets (lA) for receiving the bottles (3). 5. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le berceau porte un loquet articulé (14) servant au verrouillage d'un crochet (16) du module moteur (MP), la libération du crochet signifiant le largage dudit module moteur.5. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cradle carries an articulated latch (14) used for locking a hook (16) of the motor module (MP), the release of the hook signifying the release of said engine module. 6. Appareil selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que des moyens de largage complémentaires (8) sont également actionnés par la libération du crochet (16) pour agir en poussée sur le container (6).6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that complementary release means (8) are also actuated by the release of the hook (16) to act in thrust on the container (6). 7. Appareil selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de largage sont constitués par des tringles (8) dont des becs (8A) viennent porter sur la périphérie du container à deux corps (6).7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the release means are constituted by rods (8) whose spouts (8A) come to bear on the periphery of the container with two bodies (6). 8. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 caractérisé en ce que des moyens à double pénétration (21) et (23) disposés entre le container (6) et les douilles de réception (lA) des bouteilles assurent le centrage et le guidage des deux modules (MR) et (MP).8. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7 characterized in that double penetration means (21) and (23) disposed between the container (6) and the receiving sockets (lA) of the bottles provide centering and the guidance of the two modules (MR) and (MP). 9. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'un verrou (26) assure la solidarisation du carénage moteur (5) et du container (6).9. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a lock (26) secures the motor fairing (5) and the container (6). 10. Appareil selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'un tube central (28) assure l'étanchéité et le passage des connexions électriques entre batteries, moteur et commande, ledit verrou (26) pouvant tourner autour dudit tube central.10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that a central tube (28) provides sealing and passage of the electrical connections between batteries, motor and control, said latch (26) being able to rotate around said central tube. 11. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les bouteilles (3) sont réalisées en matériaux composites.11. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the bottles (3) are made of composite materials. 12. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le container (6) contient de manière étanche (couvercle 19 à joint 20) des batteries (33) d'accumulateurs secs du type nickel-cadmium.12. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the container (6) contains in a sealed manner (cover 19 with seal 20) batteries (33) of dry accumulators of the nickel-cadmium type. 13. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisa en ce que la commande du moteur est réalisée par un surmoulage (37) d'un contacteur du type déformable (38), ledit surmoulage ayant la forme générale d'une portion de boucle complétée par une bande (39) à moyen d'attache par pression (40) l'ensemble de la boucle pouvant être disposée autour de la main du plongeur de manière que le pouce puisse agir sur le contacteur suivant un mouvement se situant dans le plan du profil de la main.13. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the control of the motor is carried out by an overmolding (37) of a contactor of the deformable type (38), said overmolding having the general form of a portion of loop completed by a band (39) by means of pressure fastening (40) the whole of the loop can be arranged around the hand of the plunger so that the thumb can act on the contactor in a movement being located in the plane of the profile of the hand. 14. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le berceau montre également un compartiment à lest (1B) permettant d'ajuster la flottaison de l'appareil.14. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the cradle also shows a ballast compartment (1B) for adjusting the buoyancy of the apparatus. 15. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, careactérisé en ce que le berceau comprend par ailleurs une poignée de portage (18) et des éléments de liaison avec un dosseret-support (2).15. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 14, careactérisé in that the cradle further comprises a carrying handle (18) and connecting elements with a backrest-support (2). 16. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le berceau (1) comporte des fourreaux (9) de réception des cols des bouteilles et un tenon (10) d'emboîtage dans une mortaise (11) pratiquée dans un pontet de liaison (12) reliant les deux douilles (lA).16. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the cradle (1) comprises sleeves (9) for receiving the necks of the bottles and a tenon (10) for fitting into a mortise (11) formed in a connecting bridge (12) connecting the two sockets (lA). 17. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce que le berceau (1), le carénage moteur (5), les douilles (lA) et le container (6) sont réalisés en un matériau de faible densité et de résistance mécanique élevée.17. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the cradle (1), the engine fairing (5), the sockets (lA) and the container (6) are made of a low density material and high mechanical strength. 18. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisé en ce que toute chose égale par ailleurs, le nombre de bouteilles peut être variable suivant l'utilisation, soit une, deux ou plusieurs.18. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that all else being equal, the number of bottles can be variable depending on the use, either one, two or more.
EP19840401191 1982-12-10 1984-06-08 Individual scuba-diving apparatus Expired - Lifetime EP0163793B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8220725A FR2537538B1 (en) 1982-12-10 1982-12-10 INDIVIDUAL UNDERWATER DIVING APPARATUS
EP19840401191 EP0163793B1 (en) 1982-12-10 1984-06-08 Individual scuba-diving apparatus
PCT/FR1984/000147 WO1986000056A1 (en) 1982-12-10 1984-06-08 Individual submarine diving equipment
DE8484401191T DE3481584D1 (en) 1984-06-08 1984-06-08 INDEPENDENT DIVING DEVICE.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8220725A FR2537538B1 (en) 1982-12-10 1982-12-10 INDIVIDUAL UNDERWATER DIVING APPARATUS
EP19840401191 EP0163793B1 (en) 1982-12-10 1984-06-08 Individual scuba-diving apparatus
PCT/FR1984/000147 WO1986000056A1 (en) 1982-12-10 1984-06-08 Individual submarine diving equipment

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0163793A1 true EP0163793A1 (en) 1985-12-11
EP0163793B1 EP0163793B1 (en) 1990-03-14

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EP19840401191 Expired - Lifetime EP0163793B1 (en) 1982-12-10 1984-06-08 Individual scuba-diving apparatus

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EP (1) EP0163793B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2537538B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1986000056A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU574079B2 (en) * 1984-06-08 1988-06-30 Groupe Design M B D Individual submarine diving equipment
AU8626991A (en) * 1990-09-25 1992-04-15 Allergan, Inc. Apparatus and method for disinfecting a contact lens and detecting the presence of an oxidative disinfectant
PT1977968E (en) * 2007-04-05 2010-11-29 Joy Ride Technology Co Ltd Propeller driven surfing device
DE102008049857A1 (en) * 2008-10-01 2010-04-08 Bonetsmüller, Christiane, Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing. (FH) Mechanism for tensioning two housing units of watercraft for transporting diver, has housing with two housing units and electric power supply for operating watercraft, where housing units define center axis, particularly axis of rotation

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3014448A (en) * 1959-04-21 1961-12-26 Wilfred J Fogarty Underwater propulsion device for swimmers
US3034467A (en) * 1958-10-13 1962-05-15 Seamless Rubber Co Underwater propulsion apparatus
US3329118A (en) * 1966-03-23 1967-07-04 Gary Aqua Peller Corp Battery operated propulsion unit for swimmers
US3916814A (en) * 1972-06-29 1975-11-04 Thomas J Bardoni Underwater propulsion devices
DE2445324A1 (en) * 1974-07-04 1976-01-22 Egra Anstalt Device moving person across water - has motor driven by batteries attached to person and connected to oxygen bottles
US3995578A (en) * 1975-10-03 1976-12-07 Mccullough Keith R Scuba divers propulsion unit

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3034467A (en) * 1958-10-13 1962-05-15 Seamless Rubber Co Underwater propulsion apparatus
US3014448A (en) * 1959-04-21 1961-12-26 Wilfred J Fogarty Underwater propulsion device for swimmers
US3329118A (en) * 1966-03-23 1967-07-04 Gary Aqua Peller Corp Battery operated propulsion unit for swimmers
US3916814A (en) * 1972-06-29 1975-11-04 Thomas J Bardoni Underwater propulsion devices
DE2445324A1 (en) * 1974-07-04 1976-01-22 Egra Anstalt Device moving person across water - has motor driven by batteries attached to person and connected to oxygen bottles
US3995578A (en) * 1975-10-03 1976-12-07 Mccullough Keith R Scuba divers propulsion unit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2537538A1 (en) 1984-06-15
WO1986000056A1 (en) 1986-01-03
FR2537538B1 (en) 1988-12-09
EP0163793B1 (en) 1990-03-14

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