EP0233129A1 - Composite metal-plastic sail batten - Google Patents
Composite metal-plastic sail batten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0233129A1 EP0233129A1 EP87420014A EP87420014A EP0233129A1 EP 0233129 A1 EP0233129 A1 EP 0233129A1 EP 87420014 A EP87420014 A EP 87420014A EP 87420014 A EP87420014 A EP 87420014A EP 0233129 A1 EP0233129 A1 EP 0233129A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- latte
- batten
- slat
- latte according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H8/00—Sail or rigging arrangements specially adapted for water sports boards, e.g. for windsurfing or kitesurfing
- B63H8/40—Arrangements for improving or maintaining the aerodynamic profile of sails, e.g. cambers, battens or foil profiles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
- B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
- B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
- B63H9/065—Battens
Definitions
- the invention relates to metallo-plastic composite slats for sails making it possible to produce a predetermined profile of these during use.
- the slats used hitherto, in particular on the windsurfing boards, are generally substantially rectilinear during use. However, to increase the blading force, it is advantageous for the sail to have a curved profile, in the shape of an airplane wing.
- the Applicant has found that the slats must be made of two metal skins, of constant thickness and of a plastic core whose thickness initially zero at one end increases, then decreases, to become zero at the other end.
- the proportionality factor depends on the Young's moduli of the materials used and on the force applied to each end of the batten to impose the curved profile considered.
- the coefficient of proportionality ( k) is between 8.10-5 and 21.10 -5 mm 2
- the batten To avoid excessive bending stresses in the metal part, and therefore to obtain good resistance to fatigue, the batten must be thin in the parts with a small radius of curvature, in particular in the vicinity of the mast.
- a slat according to the invention therefore consists of 2 thin strips, of constant thickness, of elongated rectangular shape, superimposed and assembled to each other at each of their ends over a certain length. , arranged (symmetrically) relative to their common junction plane, and filled in the central part located between these two ends joined by a plastic material, of variable thickness.
- the plastic used can be either compact or in the form of foam.
- the plastics material of the core can be lightened by the introduction of light bodies (for example hollow glass microbeads) or further reinforced by the addition of short or long fibers with high elasticity modulus (glass, carbon, SiC, etc. ..).
- light bodies for example hollow glass microbeads
- short or long fibers with high elasticity modulus glass, carbon, SiC, etc. ..
- the slat In the absence of constraints, the slat has a median plane of symmetry; it only bends under the effect of the forces applied at its 2 ends and / or the wind on the sail.
- Figure 1 shows the sail (1) of a windsurf board, fixed on a mast (3) and stiffened by slats (2), whose longitudinal profile, in use, is shown in Figure 2 .
- FIG. 2 represents a desired profile of the sail (1), under the effect of the wind and the bending forces (F) applied to the ends of the batten.
- the curvilinear abscissa of which is known, OP the deflection y can be determined, perpendicular to the chord OQ, of length L, and the radius of curvature R.
- Figures 3 and 4 show an embodiment of a slat according to the invention.
- This consists of 2 strips (4.4 ') made of Al 7075 T6 alloy (according to the designation of the Aluminum Association) 0.6 mm thick, glued together in the end zones ab and cd. In these areas, the total thickness is constant and close to 1.2 mm. In the area bc is interposed a core (5) of polyurethane foam, of variable thickness, so as to obtain the desired moment of inertia.
- the total thicknesses are given in FIG. 3, as a function of the distance from the front end (0) of the batten (2).
- the slat has a constant height over all its length, in a variant shown in FIG. 7, it is possible to vary the moment of inertia at the ends (areas ab and cd) by an axial recess (6).
- the ends 0 and Q can be covered with plastic end caps (8,8 ') overmolded or attached to said ends, as shown in broken lines in FIG. 4.
- the assembly was then placed against the walls of a form mold, the strips being separated by polyurethane shims.
- the object of the invention is obviously not limited to slats for windsurfing boards. It can be applied to any use where it is necessary to obtain a flexible, very deformable and elastic beam, having a predetermined use profile, for example the sails of sailboats, flying wings, ULM, deer- ruffles, etc ...
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne des lattes composite métallo-plastiques pour voiles permettant de réaliser un profil prédéterminé de celles-ci lors de leur utilisation.The invention relates to metallo-plastic composite slats for sails making it possible to produce a predetermined profile of these during use.
Les lattes utilisées jusqu'ici, en particulier sur les planches à voile, sont en général sensiblement rectilignes lors de l'utilisation. Cependant, pour augmenter la force vélique, il est avantageux que la voile ait un profil cintré, en forme d'aile d'avion.The slats used hitherto, in particular on the windsurfing boards, are generally substantially rectilinear during use. However, to increase the blading force, it is advantageous for the sail to have a curved profile, in the shape of an airplane wing.
Pour résoudre ce problème, avec une latte de section transversale rectangulaire et de hauteur (= longueur du rectangle de section droite) sensiblement constante, la demanderesse a trouvé que les lattes doivent être constituées de deux peaux métalliques, d'épaisseur constante et d'une âme en matière plastique dont l'épaisseur initialement nulle à une des extrémités augmente, puis diminue, pour redevenir nulle à l'autre extrémité.To solve this problem, with a slat of rectangular cross section and height (= length of the rectangle of cross section) substantially constant, the Applicant has found that the slats must be made of two metal skins, of constant thickness and of a plastic core whose thickness initially zero at one end increases, then decreases, to become zero at the other end.
De façon plus précise, il a été trouvé que le moment d'inertie global (I) d'une section droite quelconque par rapport au grand axe du rectangle, doit être proportionnel au produit du rayon de courbure (R) du profil de la voile au point considéré et de la flèche correspondante (y).More precisely, it has been found that the overall moment of inertia (I) of any cross section relative to the major axis of the rectangle, must be proportional to the product of the radius of curvature (R) of the profile of the sail at the point considered and the corresponding arrow (y).
Le facteur de proportionnalité dépend des modules d'Young des matériaux utilisés et de la force appliquée à chaque extrémité de la latte pour imposer le profil cintré considéré.The proportionality factor depends on the Young's moduli of the materials used and on the force applied to each end of the batten to impose the curved profile considered.
Ce facteur peut être déterminé empiriquement. Par exemple pour une latte dont les peaux sont en alliage d'Al (de préférence à durcissement structural de type 2000, 6000 ou 7000, selon les désignations de l'Aluminium Association) et comprenant une âme en matière plastique, le coefficient de proportionnalité (k) est compris entre 8.10-5 et 21.10-5 mm 2This factor can be determined empirically. For example for a slat whose skins are made of Al alloy (preferably with structural hardening of the 2000, 6000 or 7000 type, according to the designations of the Aluminum Association) and comprising a plastic core, the coefficient of proportionality ( k) is between 8.10-5 and 21.10 -5
Pour éviter des contraintes de flexion excessives dans la partie métallique, et pour obtenir par conséquent une bonne tenue à la fatigue, la latte doit être mince dans les parties à faible rayon de courbure, en particulier au voisinage du mât.To avoid excessive bending stresses in the metal part, and therefore to obtain good resistance to fatigue, the batten must be thin in the parts with a small radius of curvature, in particular in the vicinity of the mast.
Pour répondre à cet objectif complémentaire, une latte selon l'invention est donc constituée de 2 feuillards minces, d'épaisseur constante, de forme rectangulaire allongée, superposés et assemblés l'un à l'autre à chacune de leur extrémité sur une certaine longueur, disposés (symétriquement) par rapport à leur plan de jonction commun, et remplis dans la partie centrale située entre ces deux extrémités jointes par une matière plastique, d'épaisseur variable.To meet this additional objective, a slat according to the invention therefore consists of 2 thin strips, of constant thickness, of elongated rectangular shape, superimposed and assembled to each other at each of their ends over a certain length. , arranged (symmetrically) relative to their common junction plane, and filled in the central part located between these two ends joined by a plastic material, of variable thickness.
L'épaisseur de la matière plastique donc du complexe, est déterminée de façon que la relation : I = kRy soit vérifiée en tout point, lors de son utilisation.The thickness of the plastic material, therefore of the complex, is determined so that the relation: I = kRy is verified at all points, during its use.
Dans les parties métalliques d'extrémités assemblées l'une sur l'autre, c'est la variation de la largeur et/ou de l'épaisseur utile des bandes métalliques qui permet la vérification de la relation ci-dessus.In the metal parts of ends assembled one on the other, it is the variation in the width and / or the useful thickness of the metal strips which allows the verification of the above relationship.
La matière plastique utilisée peut être soit compacte ou soit sous forme de mousse.The plastic used can be either compact or in the form of foam.
Si nécessaire, la matière plastique d'âme peut être allégée par introduction de corps légers (par exemple microbilles de verre creuses) ou encore renforcée par adjonction de fibres courtes ou longues à haut module d'élasticité (verre, carbone, SiC,etc...).If necessary, the plastics material of the core can be lightened by the introduction of light bodies (for example hollow glass microbeads) or further reinforced by the addition of short or long fibers with high elasticity modulus (glass, carbon, SiC, etc. ..).
En l'absence de contraintes, la latte présente un plan de symétrie médian; elle ne se cintre que sous l'effet des efforts appliqués à ses 2 extrémités et/ou du vent sur la voile.In the absence of constraints, the slat has a median plane of symmetry; it only bends under the effect of the forces applied at its 2 ends and / or the wind on the sail.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de l'exemple suivant, illustré par les figures 1 à 7.
- . La figure 1 représente, une voile de planche à voile rigidifiée par des lattes.
- . La figure 2 représente un profil recherché pour la voile, sous l'influence du vent et des tensions d'extrémité F.
- . La figure 3 représente la constitution d'une latte conforme à l'invention, relative à l'exemple donné ci-après.
- . La figure 4 représente la vue en plan de la latte de la figure 2.
- . La figure 5 représente la coupe de la latte suivant la ligne AA de la figure 4.
- . La figure 6 représente une coupe de la latte, suivant la ligne BB de la figure 4.
- . La figure 7 représente une variante d'extrémité de la latte.
- . Figure 1 shows, a windsurfing sail stiffened by slats.
- . FIG. 2 represents a desired profile for the sail, under the influence of the wind and the end tensions F.
- . Figure 3 shows the constitution of a slat according to the invention, relating to the example given below.
- . FIG. 4 represents the plan view of the slat of FIG. 2.
- . FIG. 5 represents the section of the batten along the line AA of FIG. 4.
- . FIG. 6 represents a section of the batten, along the line BB of FIG. 4.
- . Figure 7 shows a variant end of the batten.
Les cotes figurant sur les dessins sont en mm.The dimensions shown on the drawings are in mm.
La figure 1 représente la voile (1) d'une planche à voile, fixée sur un mât (3) et rigidifiée par des lattes (2), dont le profil en long, lors de l'utilisation, est représenté sur la figure 2.Figure 1 shows the sail (1) of a windsurf board, fixed on a mast (3) and stiffened by slats (2), whose longitudinal profile, in use, is shown in Figure 2 .
La figure 2 représente un profil souhaité de la voile (1), sous l'effet du vent et des forces de cintrage (F) appliquées aux extrémités de la latte. En chaque point P de ce profil, dont on connaît l'abscisse curviligne, OP, on peut déterminer la flèche y, perpendiculairement à la corde OQ, de longueur L, et le rayon de courbure R.FIG. 2 represents a desired profile of the sail (1), under the effect of the wind and the bending forces (F) applied to the ends of the batten. At each point P of this profile, the curvilinear abscissa of which is known, OP, the deflection y can be determined, perpendicular to the chord OQ, of length L, and the radius of curvature R.
Les figures 3 et 4 représentent un exemple d'exécution d'une latte selon l'invention.Figures 3 and 4 show an embodiment of a slat according to the invention.
Celle-ci est constituée de 2 feuillards (4,4') en alliage d'Al 7075 T6 (selon la désignation de l'Aluminium Association) de 0,6 mm d'épaisseur, collés entre eux dans les zones d'extrémité ab et cd. Dans ces zones, l'épaisseur totale est constante et voisine de 1,2 mm. Dans la zone bc est intercalée une âme (5) en mousse de polyuréthane, d'épaisseur variable, de manière à obtenir le moment d'inertie recherché.This consists of 2 strips (4.4 ') made of Al 7075 T6 alloy (according to the designation of the Aluminum Association) 0.6 mm thick, glued together in the end zones ab and cd. In these areas, the total thickness is constant and close to 1.2 mm. In the area bc is interposed a core (5) of polyurethane foam, of variable thickness, so as to obtain the desired moment of inertia.
Les épaisseur totales sont données à la figure 3, en fonction de la distance à l'extrémité avant (0) de la latte (2).The total thicknesses are given in FIG. 3, as a function of the distance from the front end (0) of the batten (2).
Dans les zones ab et cd la variation du moment d'inertie est obtenue par une variation de la hauteur de la latte, comme cela est représenté à la figure 4.In zones ab and cd the variation of the moment of inertia is obtained by a variation of the height of the slat, as shown in figure 4.
Comme il est avantageux que la latte ait une hauteur constante sur toute sa longueur, on peut dans une variante représentée à la figure 7, faire varier le moment d'inertie aux extrémités (zones ab et cd) par un évidement axial (6).As it is advantageous that the slat has a constant height over all its length, in a variant shown in FIG. 7, it is possible to vary the moment of inertia at the ends (areas ab and cd) by an axial recess (6).
Une autre manière de faire varier le moment d'inertie dans les zones ab et cd est de pratiquer une rainure axiale (7) de largeur constante ou variable dans chacun des deux feuillards (4,4').Another way to vary the moment of inertia in the areas ab and cd is to make an axial groove (7) of constant or variable width in each of the two strips (4,4 ').
Ces rainures assemblées constituent les évents (7) d'extrémité d'évacua- tïon de l'air emprisonné dans le moule formé par les deux feuillards (4,4') lors de l'injection de l'âme en matière plastique (5).These assembled grooves constitute the vents (7) at the end for evacuating the air trapped in the mold formed by the two strips (4,4 ') during the injection of the plastic core (5 ).
Pour faciliter l'utilisation des lattes, les extrémités 0 et Q peuvent être recouvertes d'embouts plastiques (8,8') surmoulés ou rapportés sur lesdites extrémités, comme cela est représenté en traits interrompus sur la figure 4.To facilitate the use of the slats, the ends 0 and Q can be covered with plastic end caps (8,8 ') overmolded or attached to said ends, as shown in broken lines in FIG. 4.
La latte dont la forme et les dimensions sont reportées aux figures 3 et 4 a été obtenue de la façon suivante :
- Les deux feuillards, préalablement oxydés anodiquement en milieu phosphorique et munis d'évents (7) à leurs extrémités, ont été recouverts dans la zone bc d'un primaire d'accrochage HEMILCAR G de la société HELMIMTIN GmbH, 6780 PIRMASENS (RFA).
- The two strips, previously anodically oxidized in a phosphoric medium and provided with vents (7) at their ends, were covered in zone bc with a HEMILCAR G bonding primer from the company HELMIMTIN GmbH, 6780 PIRMASENS (RFA).
Ceux-ci ont ensuite été collés à leurs extrémités ab et cd avec une colle acrylique 329/737 de la Sté Locktite.These were then glued to their ab and cd ends with an acrylic glue 329/737 from Locktite.
L'ensemble a ensuite été placé contre les parois d'un moule de forme, les feuillards étant écarté par des cales en polyuréthane.The assembly was then placed against the walls of a form mold, the strips being separated by polyurethane shims.
Une fois le moule fermé, on y a injecté une mousse de polyuréthane obtenue par le mélange de polyol PBA 4140 (ICI) contenant un catalyseur et un agent d'expansion, et d'isocyanate SUPRASEC DNR (ICI).Once the mold was closed, a polyurethane foam obtained by the mixture of polyol PBA 4140 (ICI) containing a catalyst and a blowing agent and of isocyanate SUPRASEC DNR (ICI) was injected into it.
Après polymérisation à 60°C, 15 min, le produit a été démoulé.After polymerization at 60 ° C, 15 min, the product was removed from the mold.
L'objet de l'invention n'est évidemment pas limité aux lattes pour planches à voile. Il peut être appliqué à toute utilisation où il est nécessaire d'obtenir une poutre souple, très déformable et élastique, ayant un profil d'utilisation prédéterminé, par exemple les voiles de voiliers, d'ailes volantes, d'U.L.M., de cerfs-volants, etc...The object of the invention is obviously not limited to slats for windsurfing boards. It can be applied to any use where it is necessary to obtain a flexible, very deformable and elastic beam, having a predetermined use profile, for example the sails of sailboats, flying wings, ULM, deer- ruffles, etc ...
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8601120A FR2594788B1 (en) | 1986-01-16 | 1986-01-16 | COMPOSITE METALLO-PLASTIC LATCHES FOR SAILS |
FR8601120 | 1986-01-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0233129A1 true EP0233129A1 (en) | 1987-08-19 |
Family
ID=9331517
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87420014A Withdrawn EP0233129A1 (en) | 1986-01-16 | 1987-01-14 | Composite metal-plastic sail batten |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0233129A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS62168788A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2594788B1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0300714A1 (en) * | 1987-07-17 | 1989-01-25 | Raphael Saperstein | A sail batten |
EP0319167A1 (en) * | 1987-11-26 | 1989-06-07 | Chisso Corporation | 2-Phenyl-5-alkanoyloxypyrimidines |
GB2230243A (en) * | 1989-04-12 | 1990-10-17 | Howlett Ian C | Sail batten |
FR2649663A1 (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1991-01-18 | Dupre Patrick | System of flexible preformed battens (rods) making it possible to convert a flexible surface into a rigid aerodynamic structure which might be reversible |
US5352311A (en) * | 1992-07-02 | 1994-10-04 | Composite Development Corporation | Method of manufacturing a composite sail batten |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3018263B1 (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2017-12-08 | Paul Duval | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SAILING LATTE AND SAILING LATTE |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2608172A (en) * | 1946-10-11 | 1952-08-26 | Biuw Carl Oscar Eric | Sail batten |
US3168068A (en) * | 1964-03-09 | 1965-02-02 | George A Lasko | Batten for sails |
US3581698A (en) * | 1968-06-05 | 1971-06-01 | John U Bete | Sail batten |
DE8528896U1 (en) * | 1985-10-10 | 1985-11-28 | Hubert Porkert KG, Saalfelden | Batten |
-
1986
- 1986-01-16 FR FR8601120A patent/FR2594788B1/en not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-01-14 EP EP87420014A patent/EP0233129A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-01-16 JP JP62007978A patent/JPS62168788A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2608172A (en) * | 1946-10-11 | 1952-08-26 | Biuw Carl Oscar Eric | Sail batten |
US3168068A (en) * | 1964-03-09 | 1965-02-02 | George A Lasko | Batten for sails |
US3581698A (en) * | 1968-06-05 | 1971-06-01 | John U Bete | Sail batten |
DE8528896U1 (en) * | 1985-10-10 | 1985-11-28 | Hubert Porkert KG, Saalfelden | Batten |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0300714A1 (en) * | 1987-07-17 | 1989-01-25 | Raphael Saperstein | A sail batten |
EP0319167A1 (en) * | 1987-11-26 | 1989-06-07 | Chisso Corporation | 2-Phenyl-5-alkanoyloxypyrimidines |
GB2230243A (en) * | 1989-04-12 | 1990-10-17 | Howlett Ian C | Sail batten |
US5056449A (en) * | 1989-04-12 | 1991-10-15 | Howlett Ian C | Sail batten |
GB2230243B (en) * | 1989-04-12 | 1993-08-11 | Howlett Ian C | Sail batten |
FR2649663A1 (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1991-01-18 | Dupre Patrick | System of flexible preformed battens (rods) making it possible to convert a flexible surface into a rigid aerodynamic structure which might be reversible |
US5352311A (en) * | 1992-07-02 | 1994-10-04 | Composite Development Corporation | Method of manufacturing a composite sail batten |
US5413060A (en) * | 1992-07-02 | 1995-05-09 | Composite Development Corporation | Composite material sail batten and method of manufacture |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS62168788A (en) | 1987-07-25 |
FR2594788A1 (en) | 1987-08-28 |
FR2594788B1 (en) | 1988-04-29 |
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