EP0366833A1 - Electromagnetically operated injector - Google Patents
Electromagnetically operated injector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0366833A1 EP0366833A1 EP88118457A EP88118457A EP0366833A1 EP 0366833 A1 EP0366833 A1 EP 0366833A1 EP 88118457 A EP88118457 A EP 88118457A EP 88118457 A EP88118457 A EP 88118457A EP 0366833 A1 EP0366833 A1 EP 0366833A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- injector
- chamber
- axis
- injection orifices
- orifices
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1853—Orifice plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
- F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
- F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
- F02M51/0667—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature acting as a valve or having a short valve body attached thereto
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/08—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle specially for low-pressure fuel-injection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
Definitions
- This invention relates to an electromagnetically operated injector for use in electronically controlled fuel injection systems, of the single or multiple injector type, for internal combustion engines.
- This type of injector characteristically comprises a casing, a fuel inlet in said casing, fuel discharge elements complete with at least partly magnetic valve means for controlling the fuel flow through said discharge elements, and a solenoid contained in said casing and which, when energized, causes said valve means to open in opposition to elastic means, and thus allowing the fuel to flow through said discharge elements.
- One of the main characteristics to be considered in designing this type of electromagnetic injector is the shape of the jet coming out of the injection nozzle.
- an atomized conical spray can be desirable to facilitate the mixing of the gasoline with the air drawn in by the engine.
- an orifice director plate with several orifice passages is provided downstream of the valve seat for controlling the pattern of the fuel spray.
- Each of said orifice passages directs a stream of fuel towards a central axis, so that they at least partly impinge upon each other so as to produce the desired atomized spray pattern.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to obtain, in a simple manner and under low production costs, an electromagnetic injector which creates an atomized conical jet and which obviates the drawbacks of the known art.
- an electromagnetic conical jet injector which:
- an injector according to the present invention has the following advantages:
- an electromagnetic fuel injector in accordance with this invention, includes an external body 1 formed from magnetizable material which houses an electric coil 2, wound on a spool 3, which surrounds a cylindrical magnetic core 4, also formed from magnetizable material.
- a bushing 5 is mounted, made of non-magnetizable material, which acts as the longitudinal guide to a cup-shaped mobile armature 6 which, together with the body 1 and the core 4, forms the magnetic circuit.
- the injector includes furthermore a series of O-rings, a spacer 16, which adjusts the lift to the armature 6, and an inlet filter 17.
- FIG. 2 describes in more details the area of the injector which is subject to this invention.
- a second chamber 22 can be found on the bottom side of the nozzle body 8, concentric to the injector's axis, opposed to chamber 20 but having largely bigger dimensions, the one or more injection orifices 21 terminating in such chamber.
- Figure 3 shows, as an axample, a different embodiment of the injector subject to this invention, where two injection orifices are coplanar and parallel with the injector's axis.
- Figure 4 shows, an embodiment where only one orifice is present and its axis converges with the coplanar injector's axis.
- the injector can, therefore, be considered "a central discharge type".
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to an electromagnetically operated injector for use in electronically controlled fuel injection systems, of the single or multiple injector type, for internal combustion engines.
- This type of injector characteristically comprises a casing, a fuel inlet in said casing, fuel discharge elements complete with at least partly magnetic valve means for controlling the fuel flow through said discharge elements, and a solenoid contained in said casing and which, when energized, causes said valve means to open in opposition to elastic means, and thus allowing the fuel to flow through said discharge elements.
- One of the main characteristics to be considered in designing this type of electromagnetic injector is the shape of the jet coming out of the injection nozzle.
- In certain applications, for instance, in order to reduce the emissions level in the engine exhaust gas, an atomized conical spray can be desirable to facilitate the mixing of the gasoline with the air drawn in by the engine.
- One way to achieve a proper atomization is disclosed in European patent application 0 201 190. Therein, an orifice director plate with several orifice passages is provided downstream of the valve seat for controlling the pattern of the fuel spray. Each of said orifice passages directs a stream of fuel towards a central axis, so that they at least partly impinge upon each other so as to produce the desired atomized spray pattern.
- In this case, the broken-down of the jet results from the reciprocal mechanical action among the streams and the final shape will be largely dependent by what amount of each stream takes part in the collision.
- From this, it derives a demanding precision in the direction of each stream, not easily achievable in series production. The object of the present invention is therefore to obtain, in a simple manner and under low production costs, an electromagnetic injector which creates an atomized conical jet and which obviates the drawbacks of the known art.
- In particular, an electromagnetic conical jet injector is required which:
- 1) has no additional mechanical element with respect to an injector in which the jet is of the cylindrical rod type;
- 2) enables the conical jet to be formed by hydraulic action;
- 3) leads to no increase in the fuel volume contained down stream of the valve means;
- 4) has its cone formation means disposed at the terminal section of the injection nozzle;
- 5) allows easy control of the effective fuel discharge cross-section of the injection nozzle;
- 6) has the terminal bore of its injection nozzle completely free of reverberation pins, grooves or helical inserts;
- 7) has considerable jet direction uniformity;
- 8) allows the fuel to also undergo uniform distribution within the conical spray without presence of any preferential stream.
- This object is attained by an electromagnetic injector according to claim 1.
- Compared with the known art, an injector according to the present invention has the following advantages:
- a) No cost increase over an injector with a cylindrical rod jet;
- b) no delivery change in "hot" conditions;
- c) absence of harmful non-atomized pre-spray;
- d) no variations in the discharge coefficienet at the fuel passage area through the valve means;
- e) ease of controlling the instantaneous throughput delivered by the injector for a mass-production run;
- f) no delivery reduction with time due to carbon sediments of fuel lead residues depositing on jet reverberations elements;
- g) no need for increase of the fuel passage area through the valve means, with relatively lesser possibility of rebound of the mobile assembly
- The structural and operational characteristics of the invention and its advantages over the known art will be more apparent from an examination of the description given hereinafter by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through an electromagnetic injector constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a view, to an enlarged scale, of the valving part of the injector seen in Figure 1.
- Figures 3 and 4 show some modifications of the outlet orifices which can be applied to the injector of Figure 1.
- With reference to Figure 1, an electromagnetic fuel injector, in accordance with this invention, includes an external body 1 formed from magnetizable material which houses an
electric coil 2, wound on a spool 3, which surrounds a cylindricalmagnetic core 4, also formed from magnetizable material. - In the
magnetic core 4, abushing 5 is mounted, made of non-magnetizable material, which acts as the longitudinal guide to a cup-shapedmobile armature 6 which, together with the body 1 and thecore 4, forms the magnetic circuit. - The
mobile armature 6 carries a plastic-made seating insert 7 which cooperates with the upper surface of thenozzle body 8 so to create the shut-off system for the fuel flowing through an axial bore 9 andcross-holes 10 in thecentral core 4. In shut-off conditions, the valving system is kept closed by the force on the armature of a spring 11 housed in thecentral core 4 and reacting on adowel 12. - When the
coil 2 is electrically energized throughconductors 13, partially embedded in aplastic connector 14, thearmature 6 is magnetically attracted towards thecore 4 and, overwhelming the force of the spring 11, moves from thenozzle 8, so allowing the fuel to flow through the nozzle orifice. - When the coil is deenergized a residual magnetic force tends to limit the fast return of the
armatur 6 in the shut-off condition against thenozzle 8; as a solution to this, a thin non-magnetic layer is present on anupper surface 15 of thearmature 6, which avoids the direct contact between thearmature 6 and thecore 4. - The injector includes furthermore a series of O-rings, a spacer 16, which adjusts the lift to the
armature 6, and an inlet filter 17. - Figure 2 describes in more details the area of the injector which is subject to this invention.
- In the lower part of the cup-
shaped armature 6 the plastic insert 7 is firmly assembled through the roll-over of the armature's rim; on the external face of such plastic insert 7 an externalflat surface 18 is present which works together with an opposed planar annular ring 19, concentrically created on the upper surface of theinjection nozzle 8 which has the shape of a bottom-up cup. The twosurfaces 18 and 19 create the valving system which allows or closes the fuel flow towards the orifice of the nozzle. - The inside rim of the sealing annular ring 19, located on the upper surface of the
nozzle body 8, extends in achamber 20, also located in said nozle. On the bottom of said chamber one ormore injection orifices 21 are located in a out-of-center position, near to the side wall of the chamber (according to the spirit of the invention). - The total area of said one or
more injection orifices 21 defines, together with their flow coeeficient, the quantitiy of fuel delivered by the injector. - A
second chamber 22 can be found on the bottom side of thenozzle body 8, concentric to the injector's axis, opposed tochamber 20 but having largely bigger dimensions, the one ormore injection orifices 21 terminating in such chamber. - The axis of said injection orifices are coplanar with the injector's axis and they can be parallel with it or such to create with it an angle which can range between 0.5 and 15 degrees. Anyway, the direction of the one or more orifices axis will be such to avoid any collision among themselves or with an inner wall 23 of the
second chamber 22. - Figure 3 shows, as an axample, a different embodiment of the injector subject to this invention, where two injection orifices are coplanar and parallel with the injector's axis.
- Figure 4 shows, an embodiment where only one orifice is present and its axis converges with the coplanar injector's axis.
- As regards the functional idea on which the invention is based, it is sufficient to mention that when the
magnetic armature 6 is lifted towards themagnetic core 4, the fuel, when passing through theplanar surfaces 18 of the plastic insert and 19 of the seating surface on thenozzle body 8, acquires an important inertial component on a plane which is perpendicular to the injector's axis. - The reduced depth of
chamber 20 and the position of the one or more orifices on the periphery of such chamber are such that the fuel flow must deviate with a sharp turn in order to be addressed to the above one ormore orifices 21 which have a direction basically parallel to the injector's axis. - The sudden change of the direction of the fuel flow together with the fact that the orifices are not centered against the feeding annular section, create a turbulent motion in the fluid which causes the atomization and the consequent conical pattern of the fuel coming out of the one or
more orifices 21. - The spray pattern which is obtained in this invention shows quite an even distribution in the inside of the cone thanks to the lack of any mechanical element near the injection orifices.
- Of course, the best results will be obtained, when the proper dimensional characteristics, which cooperate in establishing a turbulent flow, have been optimzed.
- From the results of many practical tests it was possible to define the following dimensional relationships:
- 1) The amount of the lift (S) of the
magnetic armature 6 is correlated with the diameter (d) of the one or moreorifi ces 21 and with the diameter (D) of the firstinner chamber 20 by the following relationship:
0 . 1D ≧ S ≦ 0 . 5d
- 2) The depth (h) of the first
inner chamber 20 is correlated with the number (n) of the one ormore orifices 21 and with their diameter (d) by the following relationship:
0 . 75 ≦n . d/h ≦ 5
- 3) In order to avoid changes of calibration in hot engine conditions, the volume (V) of the
first chamber 20 must be limited as follows:
0 . 50 ≦ V ≦1 . 50 cu. mm. - Finally it is proper to describe the positive action of the wall 23 of the second
external chamber 22, such wall acting as a shield to theorifices 21, against the oil fumes and the recirculated gases flowing in the inlet manifold. In this way, no deposit is created in the nozzle orifice which can reduce the fuel flow area and, therefore, the delivered amount of fuel. - It must be noted, furthermore, that the reduced dimensions of the
inner chamber 20 are such that, even when only oneinjection orifice 21 is used, positioned against the cylindrical wall of said chamber, its actual distance from the injector axis is negligible as far as the exact position of the jet in the intake manifold is concerned. - The injector can, therefore, be considered "a central discharge type".
- This allows not to define a relative position of the
nozzle 8 against the electrical connectors during the assembly phase and of the injector against the manifold of the engine.
Claims (5)
- having a nozzle body (8) which has on the inner side of the injector an annular sealing ring (19) concentric to the injector's axis,
- said annular sealing ring (19) surrounding a first inner chamber (20) downstream the annular sealing ring (19) with at least one injection orifice (21) on its bottom,
- having a second cylindrical chamber (22) located downstream said first chamber (20) and said injection orifices (21) terminating in such second chamber (22),
- comprising a magnetic armature (6) with a sealing surface (18), movable along the injector's axis, which is pressed against the annular sealing ring (19) by the force of an elastic means and which can be lifted from the annular sealing ring (19) by electromagnetic force so to shut off or to allow the fuel flow,
characterised in that
- the one or more injection orifices (21) being located near to the side walls of said chamber (20),
- the axis of such one or more injection orifices (21) being coplanar with the injector's one and having directions such to avoid any collision of the fuel flows among themselves and/or with the cylindrical surface of the second chamber (22) and
- the maximum working distance between the annular sealing ring (19) of the nozzle body (8) and the sealing surface (18) of the magnetic armature (6) being lower than 50 % of the diameter of the one or more injection orifices (21) and lower than 10 % of the diameter of the first inner chamber (20).
0.75 ≦ n . d/h ≦ 5.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE88118457T DE3870240D1 (en) | 1988-11-04 | 1988-11-04 | Electromagnetically-operated fuel injector for IC engine |
EP88118457A EP0366833B1 (en) | 1988-11-04 | 1988-11-04 | Electromagnetically operated injector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP88118457A EP0366833B1 (en) | 1988-11-04 | 1988-11-04 | Electromagnetically operated injector |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0366833A1 true EP0366833A1 (en) | 1990-05-09 |
EP0366833B1 EP0366833B1 (en) | 1992-04-15 |
Family
ID=8199527
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88118457A Expired - Lifetime EP0366833B1 (en) | 1988-11-04 | 1988-11-04 | Electromagnetically operated injector |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0366833B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3870240D1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011143842A1 (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2011-11-24 | 北京亚新科天纬油泵油嘴股份有限公司 | Solenoid valve for common rail injector |
CN105658950A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2016-06-08 | 恩普乐斯股份有限公司 | Structure for attaching nozzle plate for fuel injection device |
WO2019101395A1 (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Metering valve and jet pump unit for controlling a gaseous medium |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4221185A1 (en) * | 1992-06-27 | 1994-01-05 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Orifice plate for a valve and method of manufacture |
JP2000087826A (en) * | 1998-09-14 | 2000-03-28 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel injection valve and its manufacture |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2382151A (en) * | 1940-12-11 | 1945-08-14 | Jr William Harper | Fuel injector |
US4101074A (en) * | 1976-06-17 | 1978-07-18 | The Bendix Corporation | Fuel inlet assembly for a fuel injection valve |
FR2399551A1 (en) * | 1977-08-04 | 1979-03-02 | Alfa Romeo Spa | GASOLINE INJECTOR FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES |
GB2147949A (en) * | 1983-10-14 | 1985-05-22 | Lucas Ind Plc | Fuel injector for an I.C. engine |
US4699323A (en) * | 1986-04-24 | 1987-10-13 | General Motors Corporation | Dual spray cone electromagnetic fuel injector |
GB2190428A (en) * | 1986-05-16 | 1987-11-18 | Lucas Ind Plc | I.c. engine gasoline injector |
-
1988
- 1988-11-04 DE DE88118457T patent/DE3870240D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-04 EP EP88118457A patent/EP0366833B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2382151A (en) * | 1940-12-11 | 1945-08-14 | Jr William Harper | Fuel injector |
US4101074A (en) * | 1976-06-17 | 1978-07-18 | The Bendix Corporation | Fuel inlet assembly for a fuel injection valve |
FR2399551A1 (en) * | 1977-08-04 | 1979-03-02 | Alfa Romeo Spa | GASOLINE INJECTOR FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES |
GB2147949A (en) * | 1983-10-14 | 1985-05-22 | Lucas Ind Plc | Fuel injector for an I.C. engine |
US4699323A (en) * | 1986-04-24 | 1987-10-13 | General Motors Corporation | Dual spray cone electromagnetic fuel injector |
GB2190428A (en) * | 1986-05-16 | 1987-11-18 | Lucas Ind Plc | I.c. engine gasoline injector |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011143842A1 (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2011-11-24 | 北京亚新科天纬油泵油嘴股份有限公司 | Solenoid valve for common rail injector |
CN105658950A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2016-06-08 | 恩普乐斯股份有限公司 | Structure for attaching nozzle plate for fuel injection device |
CN105658950B (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2018-11-06 | 恩普乐斯股份有限公司 | The installation constitution of fuel injection device nozzle plate |
WO2019101395A1 (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Metering valve and jet pump unit for controlling a gaseous medium |
CN111373341A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2020-07-03 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Metering valve and injection pump unit for controlling a gaseous medium |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3870240D1 (en) | 1992-05-21 |
EP0366833B1 (en) | 1992-04-15 |
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