EP0389395A1 - Rig for sailing vessel or the like - Google Patents

Rig for sailing vessel or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0389395A1
EP0389395A1 EP90460016A EP90460016A EP0389395A1 EP 0389395 A1 EP0389395 A1 EP 0389395A1 EP 90460016 A EP90460016 A EP 90460016A EP 90460016 A EP90460016 A EP 90460016A EP 0389395 A1 EP0389395 A1 EP 0389395A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sail
auxiliary
mast
main
mainsail
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90460016A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Yvon Belliard
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0389395A1 publication Critical patent/EP0389395A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B15/00—Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
    • B63B15/0083—Masts for sailing ships or boats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H8/00—Sail or rigging arrangements specially adapted for water sports boards, e.g. for windsurfing or kitesurfing
    • B63H8/20—Rigging arrangements involving masts, e.g. for windsurfing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels

Abstract

The rig employs one or more slot effects. It comprises a main mast (5) which is associated with two auxiliary masts (6-7) arranged on each side of the main mast (5) and slightly in front of it. Each auxiliary mast (6, 7) is provided with an auxiliary sail (12, 13) which is substantially smaller than the mainsail (10) and the position of which can be adjusted relative to that of the mainsail (10). Openings can be cut out in the rear zone of the mainsail (10), in which flaps are mounted which are open towards the top side of the mainsail (10). Openings provided with flaps can also be cut out in the rear zone of each auxiliary sail (12, 13). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un gréement de navire ou d'engin flottant ou d'engin terrestre équivalents utilisant un ou plusieurs effets de fente.The present invention relates to the rigging of a ship or of an equivalent floating or terrestrial device using one or more split effects.

De nombreuses recherches sont en cours pour augmenter la vitesse des bateaux à propulsion éolique. En particulier, un certain nombre de recherches sont faites pour utiliser l'effet de fente qui est déjà bien connu en aéronautique.There is a lot of research going on to increase the speed of eolic-propelled boats. In particular, a certain number of researches are made to use the effect of slit which is already well known in aeronautics.

Suivant une caractéristique de l'invention, il est prévu un gréement dans lequel un mât principal est associé à deux mâts auxiliaires disposés de chaque côté du mât principal et légère­ment en avant par rapport à lui, chaque mât auxiliaire étant pourvu d'une voile auxiliaire sensiblement plus petite que la voile principale et dont la position est réglable par rapport à celle de la voile principale.According to a characteristic of the invention, there is provided a rigging in which a main mast is associated with two auxiliary masts arranged on each side of the main mast and slightly forward relative to it, each auxiliary mast being provided with an auxiliary sail substantially smaller than the main sail and whose position is adjustable relative to that of the main sail.

Suivant une autre caractéristique, dans la zone arrière de la voile principale sont découpées des ouvertures dans lesquelles sont montés des volets ouverts vers l'extrados de ladite voile principale.According to another characteristic, in the rear area of the main sail are cut openings in which are mounted flaps open towards the upper surface of said sail main.

Suivant une autre caractéristique, dans la zone arrière de chaque voile auxiliaire sont découpées des ouvertures dans lesquelles sont montés des volets ouverts vers l'extrados de la voile principale.According to another characteristic, in the rear area of each auxiliary sail are cut openings in which are mounted flaps open towards the upper surface of the main sail.

Les caractéristiques de l'invention mentionnées ci-dessus, ainsi que d'autres, apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante d'exemples de réalisation, ladite des­cription étant faite en relation avec les dessins joints, parmi lesquels:

  • la Fig. 1 est une vue en perspective d'un catamaran gréé avec une voilure suivant l'invention,
  • la Fig. 2 est une vue schématique en coupe d'une voilure suivant la Fig. 1,
  • la Fig. 3 est un gréement semblable à celui de la Fig. 1, mais adapté à une planche à voile,
  • la Fig. 4 est une vue schématique partielle en perspective d'une partie de grand-voile pourvue d'ouvertures et de volets suivant l'invention,
  • la Fig. 5 est une vue schématique en coupe d'une grand-­voile suivant la Fig. 4,
  • les Figs. 6 et 7 sont des vues de face de voiles munies d'ouvertures et de voiles suivant l'invention,
  • la Fig. 8 est une vue schématique en coupe d'une voilure à voile principale et voiles auxiliaires suivant la Fig. 1, et comportant aussi des ouvertures et des volets suivant la Fig. 4, et
  • la Fig. 9 est une vue de dessus des manoeuvres associées à un wishbone de planche à voile gréée suivant l'invention.
The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, said description being made in relation to the accompanying drawings, among which:
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a rigged catamaran with a wing according to the invention,
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a wing according to FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 is a rig similar to that of FIG. 1, but suitable for windsurfing,
  • Fig. 4 is a partial schematic perspective view of a part of a mainsail provided with openings and flaps according to the invention,
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a mainsail according to FIG. 4,
  • Figs. 6 and 7 are front views of sails provided with openings and sails according to the invention,
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic sectional view of a main sail and auxiliary sails according to FIG. 1, and also comprising openings and flaps according to FIG. 4, and
  • Fig. 9 is a top view of the maneuvers associated with a rigged windsurfing boom according to the invention.

La Fig. 1 montre un catamaran avec ses deux flotteurs 1 et 2, et sa poutre traversière avant 3 au milieu de laquelle est montée l'emplanture 4 de l'ensemble de la mâture. Cet ensemble comprend un mât principal 5 et deux mâts auxiliaires 6 et 7. Dans l'exemple décrit, une plate-forme 8 est soudée sur le mât 5, un peu au-dessus de l'amplanture 4 et les extrémités infé­rieures respectives des mâts 6 et 7 sont encastrées dans deux trous symétriques de la plate-forme 8. Les extrémités supérieures des mâts 6 et 7 sont reliées au mât 5, à une certaine hauteur de celui-ci, par une barrette transversale 9.Fig. 1 shows a catamaran with its two floats 1 and 2, and its front transverse beam 3 in the middle of which is mounted the root 4 of the entire mast. This assembly comprises a main mast 5 and two auxiliary masts 6 and 7. In the example described, a platform 8 is welded to the mast 5, a little above the base 4 and the respective lower ends of the masts. 6 and 7 are embedded in two symmetrical holes of the platform 8. The upper ends masts 6 and 7 are connected to the mast 5, at a certain height thereof, by a transverse bar 9.

Dans l'exemple décrit, les mâts auxiliaires 6 et 7 sont légèrement courbes, leurs convexités étant dirigées vers l'avant. Ainsi, les plus grandes parties des mâts 6 et 7 se trouvent devant le mât 5 et symétriques de part et d'autre du plan longitudinal du catamaran.In the example described, the auxiliary masts 6 and 7 are slightly curved, their convexities being directed forward. Thus, the largest parts of the masts 6 and 7 are in front of the mast 5 and symmetrical on either side of the longitudinal plane of the catamaran.

Le mât 5 est équipé d'une grand-voile 10 dont il porte la bôme 11. Chaque mât 6 ou 7 est équipé d'une petite voile 12 ou 13, respectivement. A titre indicatif, en se référant à la Fig. 2, la longueur des petites voiles 12 et 13 est comprise entre le tiers et la moitié de la longueur de la voile 10. La barrette 9 est fixée le plus haut possible sur le mât 5 compte tenu de l'implantation des haubans, c'est-à-dire des barres de flèche.The mast 5 is equipped with a mainsail 10 of which it carries the boom 11. Each mast 6 or 7 is equipped with a small sail 12 or 13, respectively. As an indication, with reference to FIG. 2, the length of the small sails 12 and 13 is between one third and half the length of the sail 10. The bar 9 is fixed as high as possible on the mast 5 taking into account the installation of the shrouds, it that is to say spreaders.

Comme le montre encore la Fig. 2, quand le catamaran navigue bâbord amures, la petite voile bâbord 12 est plaquée contre la grand-voile 10 tandis que la petite voile tribord 13 est maintenue décollée de la grand-voile 10 au moyen, par exemple, d'une entretoise, non montrée, placée au niveau du plus grand creux de la voile 10. On assure ainsi la stabilité des mâts 6 et 7 et on permet l'entrée d'un flux d'air maximal entre la petite voile 13 et la grand-voile 10.As still shown in FIG. 2, when the catamaran sails on port tack, the port side sail 12 is pressed against the mainsail 10 while the starboard side sail 13 is kept detached from the mainsail 10 by means, for example, of a spacer, not shown, placed at the level of the largest hollow of the sail 10. This thus ensures the stability of the masts 6 and 7 and allows the entry of a maximum air flow between the small sail 13 and the main sail 10.

Comme le montrent les filets d'air, la fente crée entre le bord 14 de la voile 13 et l'extrados de la voile 10, un effet de fente qui entraîne en aval du bord 14 un écoulement laminaire qui améliore l'effet de dépression pour la voile 10. Bien entendu, l'écoute de manoeuvre de la voile 13 permet de faite varier cet effet de fente.As shown by the air streams, the slit creates between the edge 14 of the sail 13 and the upper surface of the sail 10, a slit effect which causes downstream of the edge 14 a laminar flow which improves the vacuum effect for the sail 10. Of course, the maneuvering sheet of the sail 13 makes it possible to vary this split effect.

La Fig. 3 montre un gréement équivalent au gréement de la Fig. 1, mais destiné à être utilisé sur une planche à voile. On y retrouve un mât principal 15 et deux mâts auxiliaires 16 et 17, tous reliés, en bas, à un pied de mât approprié 18, et réunis, en haut, par un chapeau 19. Le gréement est complété par un wishbone classique 20. A mi-hauteur du mât 15 est prévu, entre les deux mâts 16 et 17, une entretoise 21 qui, comme l'entretoise non montrée du gréement de la Fig. 1, maintient leur écartement.Fig. 3 shows a rigging equivalent to the rigging of FIG. 1, but intended to be used on a windsurfing board. There is a main mast 15 and two auxiliary masts 16 and 17, all connected, at the bottom, to an appropriate mast foot 18, and joined, at the top, by a hat 19. The rigging is completed by a conventional wishbone 20. Halfway up the mast 15 is provided, between the two masts 16 and 17, a spacer 21 which, like the not shown spacer of the rigging of FIG. 1, maintains their spacing.

A la Fig. 4, on a montré, dans une grand-voile 10, une partie située près de la chute 22 et pourvue de volets 23 créateurs de fentes. En pratique, on renforce la grand-voile par une bande sensiblement verticale 24, puis on y découpe des ouvertures rectangulaires, telles que 25, aux bords avant des­quelles on fixe des volets, tels que 23. La déviation angulaire du volet 23 est limitée par des filins, tels que 26, qui relient un coin libre du volet au coin correspondant de l'ouverture 25.In Fig. 4, we have shown, in a mainsail 10, a part located near the fall 22 and provided with flaps 23 creating slots. In practice, the mainsail is reinforced with a substantially vertical strip 24, then rectangular openings are cut there, such as 25, at the front edges of which flaps are fixed, such as 23. The angular deviation of the flap 23 is limited by cables, such as 26, which connect a free corner of the flap to the corresponding corner of the opening 25.

La Fig. 5 montre comment des volets 23 permettent de créer des effets de fente sur la partie finale de l'extrados de la voile. Ainsi, on repousse le début de la zone de turbulence plus en arrière, en améliorant le rendement de la voile.Fig. 5 shows how flaps 23 make it possible to create split effects on the final part of the upper surface of the sail. Thus, the start of the turbulence zone is pushed further back, improving the performance of the sail.

Les Figs. 6 et 7 illustrent comment des couples ouvertures-­volets 25-23 peuvent être prévues sur une voile de jonque ou une voile plus classique, respectivement.Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate how pairs of openings-flaps 25-23 can be provided on a junk sail or a more conventional sail, respectively.

Dans la Fig. 8, on a montré un ensemble de voiles semblables à celui de la Fig. 2, mais dans lequel la grand-voile 10 est munie de volets 23 ainsi que les voiles auxiliaires 12 et 13. Les lignes de courant montrent comment ces volets améliorent encore l'écoulement de l'extrados.In Fig. 8, a set of sails similar to that of FIG. 2, but in which the mainsail 10 is provided with flaps 23 as well as the auxiliary sails 12 and 13. The streamlines show how these flaps further improve the flow of the upper surface.

La vue en coupe de la Fig. 9 montre, plus en détail, un exemple de réalisation d'un gréement de planche à voile suivant la Fig. 3. On y retrouve le mât principal 15, les deux mâts auxiliaires 16 et 17, le wishbone 20 et l'entretoise 21, entre les mâts 16 et 17. Le wishbone 20 est un wishbone classique qui a été légèrement modifié. Ainsi, sa partie avant porte un bec 27 qui peut être couplé à l'une de deux encoches symétriques 28 prévues sur la face arrière de l'entretoise 21.The sectional view of FIG. 9 shows, in more detail, an embodiment of a windsurfing rig according to FIG. 3. There is the main mast 15, the two auxiliary masts 16 and 17, the wishbone 20 and the spacer 21, between the masts 16 and 17. The wishbone 20 is a conventional wishbone which has been slightly modified. Thus, its front part carries a spout 27 which can be coupled to one of two symmetrical notches 28 provided on the rear face of the spacer 21.

La Fig. 9 montre également la voile principale 10 accrochée au mât 15 et à l'arrière du wishbone 20, et deux voiles auxiliaires tribord 29 et bâbord 30 montées sur les mâts 16 et 17, respectivement. Les voiles 29 et 30 sont manoeuvrées par des écoutes 31 et 32 qui passent respectivement dans des oeillets 33 et 34 portés sur les bras du wishbone.Fig. 9 also shows the main sail 10 attached to the mast 15 and aft of the wishbone 20, and two auxiliary sails starboard 29 and port 30 mounted on the masts 16 and 17, respectively. The sails 29 and 30 are operated by sheets 31 and 32 which pass respectively through eyelets 33 and 34 carried on the arms of the wishbone.

Quand la planche à voile navigue tribord amures, comme dans le cas de la Fig. 9, le bec 27 est placé dans l'encoche bâbord 28, la voile bâbord 30 est laissée libre de s'appuyer sur la voile 10 tandis que la voile tribord 29 est tendue pour créer un effet de fente avec la voile 10.When the windsurfing sail starboard tack, as in the case of Fig. 9, the spout 27 is placed in the port notch 28, the port sail 30 is left free to rest on the sail 10 while the starboard sail 29 is stretched to create a split effect with the sail 10.

Claims (4)

1) Gréement de navire ou d'engin flottant ou d'engin terrestre équivalents utilisant un ou plusieurs effets de fente caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un mât principal (5, ou 15) qui est associé à deux mâts auxiliaires (6-7, ou 16, 17) disposés de chaque côté du mât principal (5, ou 15) et légèrement en avant par rapport à lui, chaque mât auxiliaire (6, 7, ou 16, 17) étant pourvu d'une voile auxiliaire (12, 13) sensiblement plus petite que la voile principale (10) et dont la position est réglable par rapport à celle de la voile principale (10).1) Rigging of a ship or floating machine or equivalent land machine using one or more split effects characterized in that it comprises a main mast (5, or 15) which is associated with two auxiliary masts (6-7 , or 16, 17) arranged on each side of the main mast (5, or 15) and slightly forward with respect to it, each auxiliary mast (6, 7, or 16, 17) being provided with an auxiliary sail (12 , 13) substantially smaller than the main sail (10) and whose position is adjustable relative to that of the main sail (10). 2) Gréement suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, dans la zone arrière de la voile principale (10), sont découpées des ouvertures (25) dans lesquelles sont montés des volets (23) ouverts vers l'extrados de ladite voile principale (10).2) Rigging according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the rear zone of the main sail (10), are cut openings (25) in which are mounted flaps (23) open towards the upper surface of said main sail (10). 3) Gréement suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, dans la zone arrière de chaque voile auxiliaire (12, 13), sont découpées des ouvertures (25) dans lesquelles sont montés des volets (23) ouverts vers l'extrados de la voile principale.3) Rigging according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in the rear area of each auxiliary sail (12, 13), are cut openings (25) in which are mounted flaps (23) open to the upper surface from the main sail. 4) Gréement suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une entretoise (21) est montée entre les deux mâts auxiliaires (5, 6, ou 15, 16).4) Rigging according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a spacer (21) is mounted between the two auxiliary masts (5, 6, or 15, 16).
EP90460016A 1989-03-21 1990-03-20 Rig for sailing vessel or the like Withdrawn EP0389395A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8903880 1989-03-21
FR8903880A FR2644752A1 (en) 1989-03-21 1989-03-21 RIGGING SHIP OR EQUIVALENT EQUIPMENT

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EP0389395A1 true EP0389395A1 (en) 1990-09-26

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EP90460016A Withdrawn EP0389395A1 (en) 1989-03-21 1990-03-20 Rig for sailing vessel or the like

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FR (1) FR2644752A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0511050A1 (en) * 1991-04-17 1992-10-28 Pierre Julien Device with at least one aerodynamically shaped element with changeable geometry, incorporating a control system of the boundary layer
FR2678892A1 (en) * 1991-07-11 1993-01-15 Julien Pierre Aerodynamic device with sail for propulsion using the wind
GB2268918A (en) * 1992-07-25 1994-01-26 Paul Ballentine Tuneable sailboard sail
WO2001096178A1 (en) * 2000-06-13 2001-12-20 Gerard Moran Aerodynamic body comprising diffusor ducts between pressure and suction sides

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3120211A (en) * 1961-07-12 1964-02-04 Ralph L Mahan Sailing mast attachment
US3802371A (en) * 1972-02-29 1974-04-09 J Jastrab Sailing rig
EP0069576A1 (en) * 1981-07-06 1983-01-12 Edward Jay Gaffney Sailboat mast construction
FR2565548A1 (en) * 1984-06-12 1985-12-13 Saez Jean Rigid wing with constant profile for propelling boats
WO1987001089A1 (en) * 1985-08-19 1987-02-26 Isto Hamunen Sail board arrangement

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3120211A (en) * 1961-07-12 1964-02-04 Ralph L Mahan Sailing mast attachment
US3802371A (en) * 1972-02-29 1974-04-09 J Jastrab Sailing rig
EP0069576A1 (en) * 1981-07-06 1983-01-12 Edward Jay Gaffney Sailboat mast construction
FR2565548A1 (en) * 1984-06-12 1985-12-13 Saez Jean Rigid wing with constant profile for propelling boats
WO1987001089A1 (en) * 1985-08-19 1987-02-26 Isto Hamunen Sail board arrangement

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0511050A1 (en) * 1991-04-17 1992-10-28 Pierre Julien Device with at least one aerodynamically shaped element with changeable geometry, incorporating a control system of the boundary layer
WO1992018381A2 (en) * 1991-04-17 1992-10-29 Pierre Julien Device with at least one variable-geometry aerodynamic member including a boundary layer control system
WO1992018381A3 (en) * 1991-04-17 1992-12-23 Pierre Julien Device with at least one variable-geometry aerodynamic member including a boundary layer control system
US5485799A (en) * 1991-04-17 1996-01-23 Julien; Pierre Device with at least one variable-geometry aerodynamic member including a boundary layer control system
FR2678892A1 (en) * 1991-07-11 1993-01-15 Julien Pierre Aerodynamic device with sail for propulsion using the wind
GB2268918A (en) * 1992-07-25 1994-01-26 Paul Ballentine Tuneable sailboard sail
WO2001096178A1 (en) * 2000-06-13 2001-12-20 Gerard Moran Aerodynamic body comprising diffusor ducts between pressure and suction sides

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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