EP0418133A1 - Domestic refrigerator with a compartment having an oxygen depleted gas supply, and process for supplying such a compartment - Google Patents

Domestic refrigerator with a compartment having an oxygen depleted gas supply, and process for supplying such a compartment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0418133A1
EP0418133A1 EP90402479A EP90402479A EP0418133A1 EP 0418133 A1 EP0418133 A1 EP 0418133A1 EP 90402479 A EP90402479 A EP 90402479A EP 90402479 A EP90402479 A EP 90402479A EP 0418133 A1 EP0418133 A1 EP 0418133A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compartment
refrigerator according
refrigerator
gas
internal volume
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP90402479A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Philippe Girardon
Daniel Deloche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP0418133A1 publication Critical patent/EP0418133A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/042—Air treating means within refrigerated spaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/04—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments
    • F25D2317/041—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by purification
    • F25D2317/0416—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by purification using an ozone generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/02—Sensors detecting door opening

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to domestic refrigerators of the type comprising a refrigerator body defining a first internal refrigerated volume, and, in this first internal volume, at least one compartment of which at least a part is manually movable.
  • Conventional domestic refrigerators generally have two compartments of the above type, namely the ice-making compartment, commonly known as a “freezer”, containing the refrigeration coil and closed by a pivoting door, and a bowl-shaped compartment, generally placed opposite the "freezer” and serving as a removable vegetable bin, in an environment with a low temperature of between 2 and 5 ° C.
  • a freezer containing the refrigeration coil and closed by a pivoting door
  • a bowl-shaped compartment generally placed opposite the "freezer” and serving as a removable vegetable bin, in an environment with a low temperature of between 2 and 5 ° C.
  • Processes are known for prolonging the shelf life of vegetable foodstuffs, in particular fruit and vegetables, consisting in placing these foodstuffs under a controlled atmosphere depleted in oxygen and in keeping them at a low temperature, typically between 0 and 15 ° C. These processes are encountered either in large storage silos, where the composition of the controlled atmosphere is continuously monitored and adjusted, or for packaging in packaging intended for sale and having selective gas diffusion properties.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a domestic refrigerator making it possible to establish and maintain, in a portion of its internal volume, an atmosphere conducive to the long conservation of fruits and vegetables, in an autonomous arrangement, of low cost, with reliable operation and does not change the overall design of the refrigerator.
  • the refrigerator compartment defines a second internal volume substantially sealed relative to the first internal volume and communicating with a source of gas with an oxygen content lower than that of air.
  • the gas source comprises a separation module periodically supplied with pressurized air, advantageously by a motor-compressor unit controlled by a control module comprising a timer and, preferably, coupled to a detector sensitive to the displacement of the movable part of the compartment.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for supplying oxygen-depleted gas to a refrigerator compartment of the above type, making it possible, at lower cost, to maintain, in the compartment, an atmosphere suitable for preservation. fruits and vegetables.
  • the gas in maintenance mode, is supplied during a period T1, between approximately 15 and 30 minutes, following a period of non-supply T2, T2 being greater than 5 T1.
  • the compartment 4 is closed on all sides and comprises, in an inclined portion of its front face, an access opening 6 kept normally closed by a flap 7 pivoting around an upper articulation 8, a seal 9, on the periphery of the opening 6, cooperating in contact with the flap 7 under the own weight of the latter.
  • the compartment 4 may include a portion 70 of its upper wall pivoting about a rear axis 80, supporting the joint 8 and the flap 7, and cooperating with a seal (not shown).
  • the lower part of the rear wall 10 of the compartment 4 is provided with an orifice 11 facing an outlet end 12 of a duct 13 delivering a gas depleted in oxygen.
  • a compressible and advantageously magnetic seal 14 is arranged around the orifice 11 to seal the interface between the latter and the end 12 of the duct 13. If the rear face 15 of the first internal volume 2 is not in magnetic material, a steel washer 16 will be provided around the outlet end 12 of the conduit 13.
  • the oxygen-depleted gas delivered by the conduit 13 is supplied by a gas source comprising a separation module 17 supplied, via a conduit 18, with pressurized air by an electric motor-compressor unit 19 the inlet of which is advantageously provided with a silent / filter assembly 20.
  • the separation module 17 is based on a membrane beam with selective permeability of a material more permeable to oxygen than to nitrogen, in particular of polyamide, polyimide, polysulfone, low density polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyphenylene oxide, polystyrene or cellulose acetate, as described in "Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, volume 15, page 118 (Kirk-Othmer) or in documents US-A-3,657,632, 3,822,202, Re-30,351, 413,628 or 4,707 394.
  • the permeate at reduced pressure and enriched in oxygen is put into the open air by a conduit 21 advantageously opening into the convection zone between the rear wall of the refrigerator and the heat exchanger 22 of its refrigeration unit. part of the permeate and / or oxygen-depleted gas can be treated in a small ozonizer to be injected cyclically into the first internal volume 2 and / or into the second internal volume in order to reduce odors and possible bacterial overgrowth.
  • FIG. 1 Although in FIG. 1, a part of the power source outside the overall volume of the refrigerator has been shown, in order to facilitate understanding thereof, in practice, the dimensions of the module 17, of the motor-compressor unit 19 and of the silencer 20 authorizing it, all of these elements are arranged in a housing 100 under the refrigerator.
  • the compartment 4 has a volume of between 25 and 50 liters and the compressor 19 and the module 17 are dimensioned to deliver, in the second internal volume 5, a flow rate of oxygen-depleted gas, with an oxygen content reduced to between 2 and 6% by volume, typically between 4 and 6%, between 50 and 150 liters / hour at a pressure not exceeding 1.1 x 105 Pa absolute.
  • the compressor 19 providing a discharge pressure of the order of 2.5 to 3 ⁇ 105 Pa, provision will advantageously be made in the duct 13 for a restriction 23, typically constituted by a calibrated orifice.
  • the slight overpressure of supply in the second internal volume 5 causes, by lifting the flap 7, a leakage flow at the opening 6 thus ensuring, during the period of operation of the compressor 19, a sweeping flow in the second internal volume 5.
  • the supply, in compartment 4, of gas depleted in oxygen is carried out discontinuously, typically cyclically.
  • the motor-compressor unit 19 is controlled by an electronic control module 24 comprising a timer circuit, typically comprising a time base with quartz oscillator or controlled by the frequency of the electricity supply network, and two counters so as to cyclically activate the motor-compressor unit 19 according to pre-established cycles.
  • a compartment 25 position detector 25 is provided, advantageously arranged on the rear face 15, coupled to the control module 24 and supplying the latter with a priority control signal when the compartment 4 comes to be returned to position in the internal volume 2.
  • This replacement in fact means that the compartment 4 has been opened and therefore that the controlled atmosphere in this internal volume 5 has been destroyed and replaced by an atmosphere having a content of oxygen close to that of air.
  • the control signal supplied by the detector 25 inhibits the timer and controls a purge phase of the compartment 4 during a period T0 greater than 1 hour, typically of the order of 90 to 120 minutes, after which the operation of the motor-compressor unit 19 is interrupted for a period T2, between 2 hours 30 and 3 hours, the controlled atmosphere in the volume 5 then being regenerated by putting the motor-compressor unit 19 into operation for a period T1 typically between 15 and 30 minutes, the cycles T2 and T1 being repeated as long as the detector 25 does not provide a cut-off signal indicating the extraction of compartment 4.
  • the oxygen content in compartment 4 gradually increases, typically from 4 to 6%.
  • this content is reduced to its desired lower value, typically between 3.5 and 4%.
  • the compressor 19 operates on average between 2:30 and less than 5 hours, with a consumption of the order of 10 watt / hour.
  • fruits and vegetables can be stored for more than 18 days without noticeable change in appearance and texture, or in their organoleptic qualities.
  • the compartment 4 ′ is in the form of a parallelepipedal bowl open from above and comprising a front frame 26 and a rear frame 27 for its sliding guide between the flat bottom 28 of the first internal volume 2 and a stationary horizontal partition 29 having a flat and smooth underside.
  • the front frame 26 cleans, with respect to the partition 29, a small clearance 30 forming a leakage vent for the gas introduced, through the conduit 13, into the second internal volume 5.
  • the rear frame 27 is provided at its periphery a seal 31 sealingly separating (with the exception of the orifice 11) a rear chamber 32 from the rest of the first internal volume 2.
  • the conduit 13 may include an end portion 130 in the form of a loop pressed against the rear face 15 of the first internal volume 2 so as to cool the gas delivered by the conduit 13, which makes it easier to bring the second compartment 5 to cold temperature and to optimize the filling of this compartment in a controlled atmosphere.
  • the compartment 4 can be made permanently in the first internal volume 2 and closed in a substantially sealed manner by a pivoting door, in the manner of "freezers" , the detector 25 then being provided at the level of the access door to the compartment 4. It is also possible to provide, in one of the walls of the compartment 4 or 4 ′, a window 33 obscured by a membrane with selective permeability 34 allowing the dioxide to escape. carbon so as to reduce the increase in the CO2 content in the second internal volume 5 between two periods of operation of the motor-compressor 19.

Abstract

Le réfrigérateur comprend, dans son volume interne (2), un compartiment (4) dont au moins une partie est déplaçable manuellement et définissant un second volume interne (5) sensiblement étanchéifié par rapport au premier volume interne (2) et communiquant avec une source de gaz à teneur en oxygène inférieure à celle de l'air, constituée typiquement par un module de séparation (17) alimenté cycliquement en air comprimé par un groupe moto-compresseur (19). Application à la conservation domestique longue durée de fruits et légumes.The refrigerator comprises, in its internal volume (2), a compartment (4) at least part of which is manually movable and defining a second internal volume (5) substantially sealed relative to the first internal volume (2) and communicating with a source of gas with an oxygen content lower than that of air, typically constituted by a separation module (17) supplied cyclically with compressed air by a motor-compressor unit (19). Application to the long-term domestic preservation of fruits and vegetables.

Description

La présente invention concerne les réfrigérateurs domestiques du type comportant un corps de réfrigérateur définissant un premier volume interne réfrigéré, et, dans ce premier volume interne, au moins un compartiment dont au moins une partie est déplaçable manuellement.The present invention relates to domestic refrigerators of the type comprising a refrigerator body defining a first internal refrigerated volume, and, in this first internal volume, at least one compartment of which at least a part is manually movable.

Les réfrigérateurs domestiques classiques comportent en général deux compartiments du type ci-dessus, à savoir le compartiment de fabrication de glace, communément appelé "freezer", renfermant le serpentin de réfrigération et obturé par une porte pivotante, et un compartiment en forme de cuvette, généralement disposé à l'opposé du "freezer" et servant de bac à légume amovible, dans un environnement à une température basse comprise entre 2 et 5°C.Conventional domestic refrigerators generally have two compartments of the above type, namely the ice-making compartment, commonly known as a "freezer", containing the refrigeration coil and closed by a pivoting door, and a bowl-shaped compartment, generally placed opposite the "freezer" and serving as a removable vegetable bin, in an environment with a low temperature of between 2 and 5 ° C.

Il existe un besoin pour les consommateurs de pouvoir disposer de réfrigérateurs équipés de moyens permettant de prolonger sensiblement la durée de conservation des fruits et légumes, l'expérience montrant que, dans les bacs à légumes classiques, ces derniers ont tendance à se flétrir ou à putréfier relativement rapidement.There is a need for consumers to be able to have refrigerators equipped with means making it possible to appreciably extend the shelf life of fruits and vegetables, experience showing that, in conventional vegetable containers, the latter tend to wilt or to putrefy relatively quickly.

On connaît des procédés pour prolonger la durée de conservation de denrées alimentaires végétales, en particulier fruits et légumes, consistant à placer ces denrées sous une atmosphère contrôlée appauvrie en oxygène et à les maintenir à une température basse, typiquement entre 0 et 15°C. Ces procédés se rencontrent soit dans des silos de stockage de volume important, où la composition de l'atmosphère contrôlée est surveillée et ajustée en permanence, soit pour le conditionnement dans des emballages destinés à la vente et ayant des propriétés sélectives de diffusion des gaz.Processes are known for prolonging the shelf life of vegetable foodstuffs, in particular fruit and vegetables, consisting in placing these foodstuffs under a controlled atmosphere depleted in oxygen and in keeping them at a low temperature, typically between 0 and 15 ° C. These processes are encountered either in large storage silos, where the composition of the controlled atmosphere is continuously monitored and adjusted, or for packaging in packaging intended for sale and having selective gas diffusion properties.

La présente invention a pour objet de proposer un réfrigérateur domestique permettant d'établir et de maintenir dans une portion de son volume interne une atmosphère propice à la conservation longue des fruits et légumes, dans un agencement autonome, de faible coût, au fonctionnement fiable et ne modifiant pas le dimensionnement hors tout du réfrigérateur.The object of the present invention is to provide a domestic refrigerator making it possible to establish and maintain, in a portion of its internal volume, an atmosphere conducive to the long conservation of fruits and vegetables, in an autonomous arrangement, of low cost, with reliable operation and does not change the overall design of the refrigerator.

Pour ce faire, selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le compartiment du réfrigérateur définit un second volume interne sensiblement étanchéifié par rapport au premier volume interne et communiquant avec une source de gaz à teneur en oxygène inférieure à celle de l'air.To do this, according to a characteristic of the invention, the refrigerator compartment defines a second internal volume substantially sealed relative to the first internal volume and communicating with a source of gas with an oxygen content lower than that of air.

Selon une caractéristique plus particulière de l'invention, la source de gaz comprend un module de séparation alimenté périodiquement en air sous pression, avantageusement par un groupe moto-compresseur commandé par un module de commande comprenant une minuterie et, de préférence, couplé à un détecteur sensible au déplacement de la partie déplaçable du compartiment.According to a more particular characteristic of the invention, the gas source comprises a separation module periodically supplied with pressurized air, advantageously by a motor-compressor unit controlled by a control module comprising a timer and, preferably, coupled to a detector sensitive to the displacement of the movable part of the compartment.

La présente invention a pour autre objet de proposer un procédé d'alimentation en gaz appauvri en oxygène d'un compartiment de réfrigérateur du type ci-dessus, permettant, à moindre coût, de maintenir, dans le compartiment, une atmosphère propice à la conservation des fruits et légumes.Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for supplying oxygen-depleted gas to a refrigerator compartment of the above type, making it possible, at lower cost, to maintain, in the compartment, an atmosphere suitable for preservation. fruits and vegetables.

Pour ce faire, selon une caractéristique du procédé de l'invention, en régime d'entretien, le gaz est fourni pendant une période T₁, comprise entre 15 et 30 minutes environ, suivant une période de non fourniture T₂, T₂ étant supérieure à 5 T₁.To do this, according to a characteristic of the process of the invention, in maintenance mode, the gas is supplied during a period T₁, between approximately 15 and 30 minutes, following a period of non-supply T₂, T₂ being greater than 5 T₁.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront de la description suivante de modes de réalisation donnés à titre illustratif mais nullement limitatif, faite en relation avec les dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 représente schématiquement, en coupe partielle, un premier mode de réalisation d'un réfrigérateur domestique selon l'invention, et,
  • - la figure 2 représente, également schématiquement et en coupe partielle, un autre mode de réalisation du réfrigérateur domestique selon l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the following description of embodiments given by way of illustration but in no way limiting, made in relation to the appended drawings, in which:
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents, in partial section, a first embodiment of a domestic refrigerator according to the invention, and,
  • - Figure 2 shows, also schematically and in partial section, another embodiment of the domestic refrigerator according to the invention.

Dans la description qui va suivre et sur les dessins, les éléments identiques ou analogues sont repérés par les mêmes chiffres de référence, éventuellement indicés.In the description which follows and in the drawings, identical or similar elements are identified by the same reference numbers, possibly indexed.

Sur les dessins, on reconnaît la partie basse d'un réfrigérateur domestique comprenant un corps isotherme de réfrigérateur 1 définissant un premier volume interne réfrigéré 2 fermé par une porte d'accès pivotante 3. Dans la partie du premier volume interne 2 opposée au "freezer" (non représenté), où règne une température entre 2 et 5°C, est disposé un compartiment extractible 4, 4′, typiquement de forme générale parallélépipédique définissant un second volume interne 5 sensiblement étanchéifié par rapport au premier volume interne 2.In the drawings, we recognize the lower part of a domestic refrigerator comprising an insulated refrigerator body 1 defining a first internal refrigerated volume 2 closed by a pivoting access door 3. In the part of the first internal volume 2 opposite the "freezer "(not shown), where a temperature prevails between 2 and 5 ° C, is arranged an extractable compartment 4, 4 ′, typically of general parallelepipedal shape defining a second internal volume 5 substantially sealed relative to the first internal volume 2.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 1, le compartiment 4 est fermé de toutes parts et comprend, dans une portion inclinée de sa face avant, une ouverture d'accès 6 maintenue normalement obturée par un volet 7 pivotant autour d'une articulation supérieure 8, un joint d'étanchéité 9, sur le pourtour de l'ouverture 6, coopérant en contact avec le volet 7 sous le propre poids de ce dernier. Pour faciliter son chargement, le compartiment 4 peut comporter une portion 70 de sa paroi supérieure pivotant autour d'un axe arrière 80, supportant l'articulation 8 et le volet 7, et coopérant avec un joint d'étanchéité (non représenté).A la partie inférieure de la paroi arrière 10 du compartiment 4 est ménagé un orifice 11 faisant face à une extrémité de sortie 12 d'un conduit 13 délivrant un gaz appauvri en oxygène. Un joint d'étanchéité compressible et avantageusement magnétique 14 est disposé autour de l'orifice 11 pour étanchéifier l'interface entre ce dernier et l'extrémité 12 du conduit 13. Si la face arrière 15 du premier volume interne 2 n'est pas en matériau magnétique, on prévoira une rondelle en acier 16 autour de l'extrémité de sortie 12 du conduit 13.In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the compartment 4 is closed on all sides and comprises, in an inclined portion of its front face, an access opening 6 kept normally closed by a flap 7 pivoting around an upper articulation 8, a seal 9, on the periphery of the opening 6, cooperating in contact with the flap 7 under the own weight of the latter. To facilitate loading, the compartment 4 may include a portion 70 of its upper wall pivoting about a rear axis 80, supporting the joint 8 and the flap 7, and cooperating with a seal (not shown). the lower part of the rear wall 10 of the compartment 4 is provided with an orifice 11 facing an outlet end 12 of a duct 13 delivering a gas depleted in oxygen. A compressible and advantageously magnetic seal 14 is arranged around the orifice 11 to seal the interface between the latter and the end 12 of the duct 13. If the rear face 15 of the first internal volume 2 is not in magnetic material, a steel washer 16 will be provided around the outlet end 12 of the conduit 13.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, le gaz appauvri en oxygène délivré par le conduit 13 est fourni par une source de gaz comprenant un module de séparation 17 alimenté, via un conduit 18, en air sous pression par un groupe moto-compresseur électrique 19 dont l'entrée est avantageusement pourvue d'un ensemble silencieux/filtre 20.According to one aspect of the invention, the oxygen-depleted gas delivered by the conduit 13 is supplied by a gas source comprising a separation module 17 supplied, via a conduit 18, with pressurized air by an electric motor-compressor unit 19 the inlet of which is advantageously provided with a silent / filter assembly 20.

Le module de séparation 17 est basé sur un faisceau de membrane à perméabilité sélective en matériau plus perméable à l'oxygène qu'à l'azote, notamment en polyamide, polyimide, polysulfone, polyéthylène basse densité, polycarbonate, oxyde de polyphénylène, polystyrène ou acétate de cellulose, tel que décrit dans "Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, volume 15, page 118 (Kirk-Othmer) ou dans les documents US-A-3 657 632, 3 822 202, Re-30 351, 413 628 ou 4 707 394. Le perméat à pression réduite et enrichi en oxygène est mis à l'air libre par un conduit 21 débouchant avantageusement dans la zone de convection entre la paroi arrière du réfrigérateur et l'échangeur de chaleur 22 de son groupe frigorifique. Au moins une partie du perméat et/ou du gaz appauvri en oxygène peut être traitée dans un petit ozoneur pour être injectée de façon cyclique dans le premier volume interne 2 et/ou dans le second volume interne afin d'y réduire les odeurs et d'éventuelles proliférations bactériennes.The separation module 17 is based on a membrane beam with selective permeability of a material more permeable to oxygen than to nitrogen, in particular of polyamide, polyimide, polysulfone, low density polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyphenylene oxide, polystyrene or cellulose acetate, as described in "Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, volume 15, page 118 (Kirk-Othmer) or in documents US-A-3,657,632, 3,822,202, Re-30,351, 413,628 or 4,707 394. The permeate at reduced pressure and enriched in oxygen is put into the open air by a conduit 21 advantageously opening into the convection zone between the rear wall of the refrigerator and the heat exchanger 22 of its refrigeration unit. part of the permeate and / or oxygen-depleted gas can be treated in a small ozonizer to be injected cyclically into the first internal volume 2 and / or into the second internal volume in order to reduce odors and possible bacterial overgrowth.

Quoique sur la figure 1 on ait représenté, pour en faciliter la compréhension, une partie de la source de puissance en dehors du volume hors tout du réfrigérateur, dans la pratique, les dimensions du module 17, du groupe moto-compresseur 19 et du silencieux 20 l'autorisant, l'ensemble de ces éléments est disposé dans un logement 100 sous le réfrigérateur.Although in FIG. 1, a part of the power source outside the overall volume of the refrigerator has been shown, in order to facilitate understanding thereof, in practice, the dimensions of the module 17, of the motor-compressor unit 19 and of the silencer 20 authorizing it, all of these elements are arranged in a housing 100 under the refrigerator.

En pratique, le compartiment 4 a un volume compris entre 25 et 50 litres et le compresseur 19 et le module 17 sont dimensionnés pour délivrer, dans le second volume interne 5, un débit de gaz appauvri en oxygène, avec une teneur en oxygène réduite à entre 2 et 6 % en volume, typiquement entre 4 et 6 %, compris entre 50 et 150 litres/heure à une pression n'excédant pas 1,1 x 10⁵ Pa absolu. Le compresseur 19 fournissant une pression de refoulement de l'ordre de 2,5 à 3 x 10⁵ Pa, on prévoira avantageusement, dans le conduit 13, une restriction 23, constituée typiquement par un orifice calibré. La légère surpression d'alimentation dans le second volume interne 5 provoque, par soulèvement du volet 7, un débit de fuite au niveau de l'ouverture 6 assurant ainsi, pendant la période de fonctionnement du compresseur 19, un débit de balayage dans le second volume interne 5.In practice, the compartment 4 has a volume of between 25 and 50 liters and the compressor 19 and the module 17 are dimensioned to deliver, in the second internal volume 5, a flow rate of oxygen-depleted gas, with an oxygen content reduced to between 2 and 6% by volume, typically between 4 and 6%, between 50 and 150 liters / hour at a pressure not exceeding 1.1 x 10⁵ Pa absolute. The compressor 19 providing a discharge pressure of the order of 2.5 to 3 × 10⁵ Pa, provision will advantageously be made in the duct 13 for a restriction 23, typically constituted by a calibrated orifice. The slight overpressure of supply in the second internal volume 5 causes, by lifting the flap 7, a leakage flow at the opening 6 thus ensuring, during the period of operation of the compressor 19, a sweeping flow in the second internal volume 5.

Selon un aspect de la présente invention, la fourniture, dans le compartiment 4, de gaz appauvri en oxygène s'effectue de façon discontinue, typiquement cyclique. A cet effet, le groupe moto-compresseur 19 est piloté par un module électronique de commande 24 comportant un circuit de minuterie, comprenant typiquement une base de temps à oscillateur à quartz ou pilotée par la fréquence du réseau d'alimentation en électricité, et deux compteurs de façon à actionner cycliquement le groupe moto-compresseur 19 suivant des cycles pré-établis.According to one aspect of the present invention, the supply, in compartment 4, of gas depleted in oxygen is carried out discontinuously, typically cyclically. To this end, the motor-compressor unit 19 is controlled by an electronic control module 24 comprising a timer circuit, typically comprising a time base with quartz oscillator or controlled by the frequency of the electricity supply network, and two counters so as to cyclically activate the motor-compressor unit 19 according to pre-established cycles.

Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, il est prévu un détecteur 25 de position du compartiment 4, disposé avantageusement sur la face arrière 15, couplé au module de commande 24 et fournissant à ce dernier un signal de commande prioritaire lorsque le compartiment 4 vient d'être remis en position dans le volume interne 2. Cette remise en place signifie en effet que le compartiment 4 a été ouvert et donc que l'atmosphère contrôlée dans ce volume interne 5 a été détruite et remplacée par une atmosphère ayant une teneur en oxygène voisine de celle de l'air. Le signal de commande fourni par le détecteur 25 inhibe la minuterie et commande une phase de purge du compartiment 4 pendant une période T₀ supérieure à 1 heure, typiquement de l'ordre de 90 à 120 minutes, après quoi le fonctionnement du groupe moto-compresseur 19 est interrompu pendant une période T₂, comprise entre 2 heures 30 et 3 heures, l'atmosphère contrôlée dans le volume 5 étant ensuite régénérée par mise en fonctionnement du groupe moto-compresseur 19 pendant une période T₁ comprise typiquement entre 15 et 30 minutes, les cycles T₂ et T₁ étant répétés tant que le détecteur 25 ne fournit pas un signal de coupure indiquant l'extraction du compartiment 4. Pendant la période de pause T₂, la teneur en oxygène dans le compartiment 4 s'élève progressive­ment, typiquement de 4 à 6 %. Pendant la période de régénération T₂, cette teneur est ramenée à sa valeur inférieure souhaitée, typiquement entre 3,5 et 4 %. Ainsi, sur une période de 24 heures, le compresseur 19 fonctionne en moyenne entre 2 H 30 et moins de 5 heures, avec une consommation de l'ordre de 10 watt/heure. Avec un tel agencement, des fruits et légumes peuvent être conservés plus de 18 jours sans modification perceptible d'apparence et de texture, ni de leurs qualités organoleptiques.According to another aspect of the invention, a compartment 25 position detector 25 is provided, advantageously arranged on the rear face 15, coupled to the control module 24 and supplying the latter with a priority control signal when the compartment 4 comes to be returned to position in the internal volume 2. This replacement in fact means that the compartment 4 has been opened and therefore that the controlled atmosphere in this internal volume 5 has been destroyed and replaced by an atmosphere having a content of oxygen close to that of air. The control signal supplied by the detector 25 inhibits the timer and controls a purge phase of the compartment 4 during a period T₀ greater than 1 hour, typically of the order of 90 to 120 minutes, after which the operation of the motor-compressor unit 19 is interrupted for a period T₂, between 2 hours 30 and 3 hours, the controlled atmosphere in the volume 5 then being regenerated by putting the motor-compressor unit 19 into operation for a period T₁ typically between 15 and 30 minutes, the cycles T₂ and T₁ being repeated as long as the detector 25 does not provide a cut-off signal indicating the extraction of compartment 4. During the pause period T₂, the oxygen content in compartment 4 gradually increases, typically from 4 to 6%. During the regeneration period T₂, this content is reduced to its desired lower value, typically between 3.5 and 4%. Thus, over a 24 hour period, the compressor 19 operates on average between 2:30 and less than 5 hours, with a consumption of the order of 10 watt / hour. With such an arrangement, fruits and vegetables can be stored for more than 18 days without noticeable change in appearance and texture, or in their organoleptic qualities.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 2, le compartiment 4′ se présente sous la forme d'une cuvette parallélépipédique ouverte par le haut et comportant un cadre avant 26 et un cadre arrière 27 pour son guidage à coulissement entre le fond plan 28 du premier volume interne 2 et une cloison horizontale stationnaire 29 présentant une face inférieure plane et lisse. Le cadre avant 26 ménage, par rapport à la cloison 29, un petit jeu 30 formant évent de fuite pour le gaz introduit, par le conduit 13, dans le second volume interne 5. Par contre, le cadre arrière 27 est pourvu à sa périphérie d'un joint 31 séparant de façon étanche (à l'exception de l'orifice 11) une chambre arrière 32 du reste du premier volume interne 2. De cette façon, lorsque le compartiment 4′ est extrait manuellement pour y disposer des denrées ou les en extraire, cette extraction provoque, grâce au détecteur 25, l'interruption de la fourniture en gaz appauvri en oxygène et, dans un second temps, un effet de succion dans la chambre 32 attirant dans cette dernière une partie substantielle de l'atmosphère appauvrie en oxygène et déjà froide préalablement contenue dans le second volume interne 5 de sorte que, lors de la remise en place du compartiment 4′, l'air qui s'était engouffré dans le second volume interne 5 est repoussé par le volume de gaz dans la chambre 32, ce qui permet de recouvrer rapidement, dans le compartiment 4′, une atmosphère froide et appauvrie en oxygène.In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the compartment 4 ′ is in the form of a parallelepipedal bowl open from above and comprising a front frame 26 and a rear frame 27 for its sliding guide between the flat bottom 28 of the first internal volume 2 and a stationary horizontal partition 29 having a flat and smooth underside. The front frame 26 cleans, with respect to the partition 29, a small clearance 30 forming a leakage vent for the gas introduced, through the conduit 13, into the second internal volume 5. On the other hand, the rear frame 27 is provided at its periphery a seal 31 sealingly separating (with the exception of the orifice 11) a rear chamber 32 from the rest of the first internal volume 2. In this way, when the compartment 4 ′ is extracted manually to dispose of the food therein or extracting them, this extraction causes, thanks to the detector 25, the interruption of the supply of oxygen-depleted gas and, in a second step, a suction effect in the chamber 32 attracting in the latter a substantial part of the atmosphere depleted of oxygen and already cold previously contained in the second internal volume 5 so that, when replacing the compartment 4 ′, the air which had rushed into the second internal volume 5 is pushed back by the volume of gas in the chamber 32, which makes it possible to quickly recover, in the compartment 4 ′, a cold atmosphere and depleted in oxygen.

Quoique la présente invention ait été décrite en relation avec des modes de réalisation particuliers, elle ne s'en trouve pas limitée mais est au contraire susceptible de modifications et de variantes qui apparaîtront à l'homme de l'art. En particulier, comme représenté sur la figure 1, le conduit 13 peut comporter une partie d'extrémité 130 en forme de boucle plaquée sur la face arrière 15 du premier volume interne 2 de façon à refroidir le gaz délivré par le conduit 13, ce qui permet de faciliter la mise à température froide du second compartiment 5 et d'optimiser le remplissage de ce compartiment en atmosphère contrôlée. Par ailleurs, si le concept du compartiment extractible n'est pas une exigence des utilisateurs, le compartiment 4 peut être réalisé à demeure dans le premier volume interne 2 et obturé de façon sensiblement étanche par une porte pivotante, à la façon des "freezers", le détecteur 25 étant alors prévu au niveau de la porte d'accès au compartiment 4. On peut également prévoir, dans une des parois du compartiment 4 ou 4′ une fenêtre 33 occultée par une membrane à perméabilité sélective 34 laissant sortir le dioxyde de carbone de façon à réduire l'accroissement de la teneur en CO₂ dans le second volume interne 5 entre deux périodes de fonctionnement du moto-­compresseur 19.Although the present invention has been described in relation to particular embodiments, it is not limited thereto but is on the contrary subject to modifications and variants which will appear to those skilled in the art. In particular, as shown in FIG. 1, the conduit 13 may include an end portion 130 in the form of a loop pressed against the rear face 15 of the first internal volume 2 so as to cool the gas delivered by the conduit 13, which makes it easier to bring the second compartment 5 to cold temperature and to optimize the filling of this compartment in a controlled atmosphere. Furthermore, if the concept of the extractable compartment is not a requirement of the users, the compartment 4 can be made permanently in the first internal volume 2 and closed in a substantially sealed manner by a pivoting door, in the manner of "freezers" , the detector 25 then being provided at the level of the access door to the compartment 4. It is also possible to provide, in one of the walls of the compartment 4 or 4 ′, a window 33 obscured by a membrane with selective permeability 34 allowing the dioxide to escape. carbon so as to reduce the increase in the CO₂ content in the second internal volume 5 between two periods of operation of the motor-compressor 19.

Claims (15)

1. Réfrigérateur domestique comportant un corps de réfrigérateur (1) définissant un premier volume interne réfrigéré (2), et, dans ce premier volume interne, au moins un compartiment (4;4′) dont au moins une partie (7;4-4′) est déplaçable manuellement, caractérisé en ce que le compartiment (4;4′) définit un second volume interne (5) sensiblement étanchéifié par rapport au premier volume interne (2) et communiquant avec une source (19;17) de gaz à teneur en oxygène inférieure à celle de l'air.1. Domestic refrigerator comprising a refrigerator body (1) defining a first refrigerated internal volume (2), and, in this first internal volume, at least one compartment (4; 4 ′) of which at least one part (7; 4- 4 ′) can be moved manually, characterized in that the compartment (4; 4 ′) defines a second internal volume (5) substantially sealed relative to the first internal volume (2) and communicating with a source (19; 17) of gas with an oxygen content lower than that of air. 2. Réfrigérateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la source de gaz comprend un module de séparation (17) alimenté cycliquement en air sous pression.2. Refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas source comprises a separation module (17) supplied cyclically with pressurized air. 3. Réfrigérateur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le module de séparation (17) comporte un premier conduit de sortie de gaz appauvri en oxygène (13), comportant une restriction (23) et communiquant avec le compartiment (4;4′), et un second conduit de sortie de gaz enrichi en oxygène (21) débouchant au voisinage de l'échangeur de chaleur (22) du groupe de réfrigération du réfrigérateur.3. Refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that the separation module (17) comprises a first outlet duct for oxygen-depleted gas (13), comprising a restriction (23) and communicating with the compartment (4; 4 ′ ), and a second oxygen enriched gas outlet conduit (21) opening in the vicinity of the heat exchanger (22) of the refrigeration unit of the refrigerator. 4. Réfrigérateur selon l'une des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que le module de séparation (17) est alimenté en air sous pression par un groupe moto-compresseur (19) commandé par un module de commande (24) comprenant une minuterie.4. Refrigerator according to one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the separation module (17) is supplied with pressurized air by a motor-compressor unit (19) controlled by a control module (24) comprising a timer. 5. Réfrigérateur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un détecteur (25) sensible au déplacement de la partie déplaçable (4;4′) du compartiment et couplé au module de commande (24).5. Refrigerator according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises a detector (25) sensitive to the movement of the movable part (4; 4 ′) of the compartment and coupled to the control module (24). 6. Réfrigérateur selon l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la source de gaz (19,17) fournit un gaz ayant une teneur en oxygène n'excédant pas 4 %.6. Refrigerator according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the gas source (19,17) provides a gas having an oxygen content not exceeding 4%. 7. Réfrigérateur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le module de séparation (17) est du type à membrane à perméabilité sélective.7. Refrigerator according to claim 6, characterized in that the separation module (17) is of the membrane type with selective permeability. 8. Réfrigérateur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le compartiment (4;4′) est constitué d'un ensemble extractible.8. Refrigerator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compartment (4; 4 ′) consists of an extractable assembly. 9. Réfrigérateur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le compartiment (4) est un ensemble clos muni d'au moins une portion de paroi mobile (7;70).9. Refrigerator according to claim 8, characterized in that the compartment (4) is a closed assembly provided with at least a portion of movable wall (7; 70). 10. Réfrigérateur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le compartiment (4′) est un ensemble en forme de bac coopérant au moins à semi-étanchéité avec une cloison interne (29) du réfrigérateur.10. Refrigerator according to claim 8, characterized in that the compartment (4 ′) is a tank-shaped assembly cooperating at least semi-tightness with an internal partition (29) of the refrigerator. 11. Réfrigérateur selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble en forme de bac (4′) comprend une paroi arrière (27) coopérant à étanchéité avec la cloison (29).11. Refrigerator according to claim 10, characterized in that the tray-shaped assembly (4 ′) comprises a rear wall (27) cooperating with the wall (29) in sealing. 12. Réfrigérateur selon l'une des revendications 3 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble extractible (4;4′) comprend une paroi arrière (10) pourvue d'un orifice d'alimentation (11) en regard d'une extrémité de sortie (12) du premier conduit (13), un joint d'étanchéité (14) compressible étant disposé autour de l'orifice (11).12. Refrigerator according to one of claims 3 to 11, characterized in that the extractable assembly (4; 4 ′) comprises a rear wall (10) provided with a supply orifice (11) facing a outlet end (12) of the first conduit (13), a compressible seal (14) being arranged around the orifice (11). 13. Réfrigérateur selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le premier conduit (13) comporte une portion d'extrémité (130) s'étendant sur une paroi (15) du premier volume interne (1).13. Refrigerator according to claim 12, characterized in that the first conduit (13) has an end portion (130) extending over a wall (15) of the first internal volume (1). 14. Procédé d'alimentation en gaz appauvri en oxygène d'un compartiment de réfrigérateur selon l'une des revendications 5 à 13, caractérisé en ce que, en régime d'entretien, le gaz est fourni pendant une période T₁, comprise entre 15 et 30 minutes environ, suivant une période de non-fourniture T₂, T₂ étant supérieure à 5 T₁.14. A method of supplying oxygen-depleted gas to a refrigerator compartment according to one of claims 5 to 13, characterized in that, in maintenance mode, the gas is supplied during a period T₁, between 15 and approximately 30 minutes, following a period of non-supply T₂, T₂ being greater than 5 T₁. 15. Procédé selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que, après détection d'une remise en place de la partie mobile du compartiment, le gaz est fourni pendant une période T₀ supérieure à 1 heure.15. The method of claim 14, characterized in that, after detection of a replacement of the movable part of the compartment, the gas is supplied for a period T₀ greater than 1 hour.
EP90402479A 1989-09-11 1990-09-10 Domestic refrigerator with a compartment having an oxygen depleted gas supply, and process for supplying such a compartment Ceased EP0418133A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR8911813A FR2651873B1 (en) 1989-09-11 1989-09-11 DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR EQUIPPED WITH MEANS FOR THE PRESERVATION OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES UNDER OXYGEN-DEPLETED ATMOSPHERE.
FR8911813 1989-09-11

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EP (1) EP0418133A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH04501913A (en)
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US5136853A (en) 1992-08-11
FR2651873A1 (en) 1991-03-15
FR2651873B1 (en) 1992-02-28
JPH04501913A (en) 1992-04-02
WO1991003693A1 (en) 1991-03-21

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