EP0455870A2 - Laboratory-centrifuge - Google Patents

Laboratory-centrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0455870A2
EP0455870A2 EP90123646A EP90123646A EP0455870A2 EP 0455870 A2 EP0455870 A2 EP 0455870A2 EP 90123646 A EP90123646 A EP 90123646A EP 90123646 A EP90123646 A EP 90123646A EP 0455870 A2 EP0455870 A2 EP 0455870A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carrier
centrifuge
centrifuge according
drive shaft
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90123646A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0455870A3 (en
EP0455870B1 (en
Inventor
Eckhard Tödteberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thermo Electron LED GmbH
Original Assignee
Heraeus Sepatech GmbH
Heraeus Instruments GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Heraeus Sepatech GmbH, Heraeus Instruments GmbH filed Critical Heraeus Sepatech GmbH
Publication of EP0455870A2 publication Critical patent/EP0455870A2/en
Publication of EP0455870A3 publication Critical patent/EP0455870A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0455870B1 publication Critical patent/EP0455870B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
    • B04B9/14—Balancing rotary bowls ; Schrappers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B13/00—Control arrangements specially designed for centrifuges; Programme control of centrifuges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
    • B04B5/0407—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers for liquids contained in receptacles
    • B04B5/0414—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers for liquids contained in receptacles comprising test tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a laboratory centrifuge with a drive motor which is fastened in an oriented manner to its motor housing in such a way that its drive shaft extends vertically aligned, on which a rotor is placed, and with a carrier on the drive side of the motor on which at least one measuring device is arranged on at least one receiving surface which is oriented to the axis of the drive shaft.
  • Centrifuges usually have different measuring and safety devices, e.g. B. unbalance detection devices, temperature sensors or arrangements for detecting the centrifuge rotor used in each case.
  • Carriers in the form of angled brackets are used to hold measuring devices in the vicinity of the drive shaft or rotor of a centrifuge.
  • One side of the bracket is designed so that it can be attached to a wall of the centrifuge bowl or the motor housing by means of screws or clamps, while the other side of the bracket has a surface which is suitably oriented to accommodate a measuring device.
  • the supports are designed as thin-walled and small as possible.
  • Such a carrier is e.g. B.
  • each measuring device requires a special type of mounting and an independent adjustment option.
  • the use of such carriers for accommodating different measuring devices or for simultaneously accommodating several measuring devices is therefore only possible to a very limited extent.
  • due to their filigree design there is a risk of deformation of the carrier and misalignment of the measuring device.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a simple and inexpensive carrier for the simultaneous mounting of several and different measuring devices in the vicinity of the rotor and the motor of a centrifuge, which avoids asymmetries within the centrifuge chamber, reduces the adjustment effort for the necessary measuring devices and operational reliability the centrifuge increased.
  • this object is achieved in the centrifuge specified at the outset in that the carrier is designed as a cup-shaped part which is fastened to the motor housing in such a way that the edge of the carrier sits on the motor housing and the shaft passes through the bottom of the cup extends and the side walls of the carrier enclose the shaft, and that the receiving surface of the carrier is formed on the side walls or the bottom thereof, to which the measuring device is oriented in an oriented manner.
  • the design of the carrier as a cup-shaped component ensures good dimensional stability, the risk of misalignment of the measuring devices arranged on the carrier is substantially reduced, the adjustment effort due to the central arrangement of the carrier is reduced and the operational reliability of the centrifuge is increased.
  • the cup-shaped support is essentially rotationally symmetrical and closed and with the cup bottom attached to the top of the motor housing, turbulence in the interior of the centrifuge chamber is largely prevented.
  • Measuring devices with concavely curved or flat mounting surfaces and an orientation direction parallel or perpendicular to the axis of the shaft on the side walls of the carrier are particularly simple if at least a section of a side wall of the carrier runs parallel to the axis of the drive shaft or at least a section a side wall is formed plane-parallel to a plane in which the drive shaft lies.
  • measuring devices with a flat mounting or orientation surface it is advantageous if the bottom or part of the bottom of the carrier runs perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft.
  • the positioning accuracy for measuring devices designed in this way is increased and the risk of slipping during operation is eliminated if recesses are embedded in the floor, the floor area of which runs perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft and the side walls of which additionally support the measuring device.
  • recesses in the floor are advantageous, which have a round cross-section and at their edge an annular channel running inside the recess, in which excess adhesive collects, thereby ensuring a horizontal alignment of the orientation surfaces becomes.
  • the base With a recess and a slot running through to the outside of the carrier; through the slot the cables are guided through in a protected manner from the shaft of the rotor.
  • the shape of the recess and the slot such that the cable is guided in a slight curve shortly before the measuring device, whereby it rests on a bevelled wall of the recess, strain relief is achieved between the measuring device and the cable.
  • a design of the carrier is also advantageous for this in such a way that a vertically oriented sleeve protrudes from the bottom, which extends downwards and / or upwards and through which the shaft runs.
  • the sleeve also protects the measuring devices arranged on the carrier from damage and, if the shaft breaks, takes over the emergency guidance of the shaft in its lower part until the centrifuge motor stops.
  • the production of the carrier as an injection molded part and from plastic is particularly cost-effective.
  • the carrier 1 consists of a plastic injection molded part, which is cup-shaped, essentially rotationally symmetrical and closed, is formed and is placed with its cup base 2 upwards onto the motor housing 3 in such a way that the shaft 4 passes centrally through a through hole 5 in the base 2.
  • the free cup edge is designed as an outwardly facing flange 6, which has holes 7 arranged uniformly over the circumference, to which it is fastened to the motor housing 3 by means of screws.
  • the bottom 2 of the carrier 1 is formed vertically upwards and downwards in the form of a sleeve.
  • the sleeve 8 protects the measuring devices mounted on the carrier 1 and, in the event of a shaft 4 break in its lower part, it takes over the function of guiding the shaft 4 until the centrifuge motor 9 stops the side walls and on the bottom 2 of the carrier 1, a series of oriented surfaces 11, 15, 17, 23 are formed.
  • Part of a side wall 10 of the carrier 1 is formed plane-parallel to a plane in which the axis of the drive shaft 4 runs.
  • a fiber-optic sensor 12 for detecting the rotor identification is attached to this flat surface 11.
  • the fiber-optic sensor 12 mounted on the carrier 1 Due to the fixed assignment of the carrier 1 to the motor (9), to the shaft 4 and thus also to the rotor 13, the fiber-optic sensor 12 mounted on the carrier 1 is in a defined position with respect to the underside of the rotor, so that a reliable detection of the rotor identification on the underside of the rotor is without large adjustment effort is made possible.
  • the fiber bundle 14 of the sensor 12 is guided at a point shortly before the area where the sensor 12 is fastened to the flat surface 11, over a surface 15 which runs obliquely upwards from the outside of the cup and on which it lies in a slightly curved manner. This relieves the strain on the sensor 12 and reduces the risk of its misalignment.
  • the bottom 2 of the carrier 1 has a round, approximately 2 mm deep recess 16, the essentially horizontal bottom surface 17 of which is machined particularly precisely and into which a circular bubble 18 is included a diameter that corresponds to that of the recess 16 is glued.
  • a circular bubble 18 is included a diameter that corresponds to that of the recess 16 is glued.
  • At the outer edge of the recess 16 there is an approximately 1 mm deep ring channel 19 in which excess adhesive accumulates and thus ensures that the circular bubble 18 is aligned exactly horizontally.
  • the circular level 18 has a fixed assignment to the motor 9 via the carrier 1, it shows the relevant horizontal position of the motor 9 without adjustment between the motor (9) and circular level 18.
  • a recess is made in the bottom 2 of the carrier 1.
  • the current cables 21 of the unbalance sensor 20 lead to the outside through a slot 22 which runs through to the outside of the carrier 1, thereby ensuring that the cables 21 do not come into contact with the shaft 4 or with the rotor 13. These cables 21 are also guided in a strain-relieving manner via a slope 23 extending upwards from the outside of the cup. Because of the mounting of the motor 9 on rubber buffers, the fulcrum for the imbalance movements occurring in the event of an imbalance is at the motor base.
  • the long, effective lever arm at the location of the unbalance sensor 20 causes an enlargement and thus a more precise detection of unbalance movements that occur.
  • a fiber-optic device 24 for measuring the rotor speed is inserted, which detects a pattern attached to the underside of the rotor 13 from the repetition frequency during rotation of the rotor speed is determined.

Abstract

The invention relates to a laboratory centrifuge with a drive motor which is mounted in an aligned fashion on its motor housing in such a way that its drive shaft extends with vertical alignment, on which a rotor is positioned, and having a carrier on which at least one measuring device is arranged on at least one holding surface which extends aligned with respect to the axis of the drive shaft. In order to provide a simple and economical carrier for simultaneously holding a plurality of different measuring devices in the vicinity of the rotor and of the motor of a centrifuge which avoids asymmetries within the centrifuge chamber, reduces the adjustment expenditure for the required measuring devices and increases the operational reliability of the centrifuge, the carrier is constructed as a beaker-shaped part which is mounted on the motor housing in such a way that the edge of the carrier is seated on the motor housing and the shaft extends through the beaker floor and the side walls of the carrier enclose the shaft. The holding surface of the carrier on which the measuring device is mounted in an aligned fashion is constructed on its side walls or on its floor.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Laboratoriums-Zentrifuge mit einem Antriebs-Motor, der an seinem Motor-Gehäuse orientiert befestigt ist derart, daß dessen Antriebs-Welle vertikal ausgerichtet verläuft, auf die ein Rotor aufgesetzt ist, und mit einem Träger antriebsseitig des Motors, an dem mindestens eine Meßeinrichtung an mindestens einer Aufnahme-Fläche, die orientiert zur Achse der Antriebs-Welle verläuft, angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a laboratory centrifuge with a drive motor which is fastened in an oriented manner to its motor housing in such a way that its drive shaft extends vertically aligned, on which a rotor is placed, and with a carrier on the drive side of the motor on which at least one measuring device is arranged on at least one receiving surface which is oriented to the axis of the drive shaft.

Zentrifugen weisen üblicherweise verschiedene Meß- und Sicherheitseinrichtungen auf, z. B. Unwucht-Erkennungseinrichtungen, Temperatursensoren oder Anordnungen zum Erkennen des jeweils eingesetzten Zentrifugen-Rotors.Centrifuges usually have different measuring and safety devices, e.g. B. unbalance detection devices, temperature sensors or arrangements for detecting the centrifuge rotor used in each case.

Zur Halterung von Meßeinrichtungen in der Nähe von Antriebs-Welle oder Rotor einer Zentrifuge werden Träger in Form von abgewinkelten Bügeln eingesetzt. Dabei ist eine Seite des Bügels so ausgebildet, daß sie an einer Wand des Zentrifugenkessels oder des Motor-Gehäuses mittels Schrauben oder Klemmen befestigt werden kann, während die andere Bügelseite eine zur Aufnahme einer Meßeinrichtung geeignet ausgerichtete Fläche aufweist. Zur Vermeidung turbulenter Luftströmungen aufgrund von Asymmetrien innerhalb des Zentrifugenkessels und aufgrund des Platzmangels innerhalb des Zentrifugenkessels, sind die Träger möglichst dünnwandig und klein ausgelegt.
Ein derartiger Träger ist z. B. in der Produktinformationsschrift ''Suprafuge 22'' (2M 8.87/N Kr der Firma Heraeus Sepatech GmbH, Am Kalkberg, 3360 Osterode am Harz, auf Seite 5, linke Spalte, unten, abgebildet. Das Bild zeigt den Innenraum eines Zentrifugenkessels bei abgenommenem Rotor. Am Boden des Kessels ist ein Bügel befestigt, der ein Infrarot-Erkennungssystem für die Identifikation der auf der Rotorunterseite angebrachten, spezifischen Rotorkennung trägt.Carriers in the form of angled brackets are used to hold measuring devices in the vicinity of the drive shaft or rotor of a centrifuge. One side of the bracket is designed so that it can be attached to a wall of the centrifuge bowl or the motor housing by means of screws or clamps, while the other side of the bracket has a surface which is suitably oriented to accommodate a measuring device. In order to avoid turbulent air flows due to asymmetries within the centrifuge bowl and due to the lack of space within the centrifuge bowl, the supports are designed as thin-walled and small as possible.
Such a carrier is e.g. B. in the product information leaflet '' Suprafuge 22 '' (2M 8.87 / N Kr from Heraeus Sepatech GmbH, Am Kalkberg, 3360 Osterode am Harz, shown on page 5, left column, below. The picture shows the interior of a centrifuge bowl with the rotor removed. A bracket is attached to the bottom of the boiler, which carries an infrared detection system for the identification of the specific rotor identification attached to the underside of the rotor.

Normalerweise erfordert jede Meßeinrichtung eine gesonderte Art und Weise der Halterung und eine unabhängige Justiermöglichkeit. Die Verwendung derartiger Träger für die Aufnahme verschiedener Meßeinrichtungen oder zur gleichzeitigen Aufnahme mehrerer Meßeinrichtungen ist daher nur sehr eingeschränkt möglich. Außerdem besteht aufgrund ihrer filigranen Bauweise die Gefahr der Verformung der Träger und der Dejustierung der Meßeinrichtung.Normally, each measuring device requires a special type of mounting and an independent adjustment option. The use of such carriers for accommodating different measuring devices or for simultaneously accommodating several measuring devices is therefore only possible to a very limited extent. In addition, due to their filigree design, there is a risk of deformation of the carrier and misalignment of the measuring device.

Die Erfindung hat sich als Aufgabe gestellt, einen einfachen und kostengünstigen Träger für die gleichzeitige Halterung mehrerer und verschiedener Meßeinrichtungen in der Nähe des Rotors und des Motors einer Zentrifuge bereitzustellen, der Asymmetrien innerhalb der Zentrifugenkammer vermeidet, den Justieraufwand für die erforderlichen Meßeinrichtungen vermindert und die Betriebssicherheit der Zentrifuge erhöht.The invention has for its object to provide a simple and inexpensive carrier for the simultaneous mounting of several and different measuring devices in the vicinity of the rotor and the motor of a centrifuge, which avoids asymmetries within the centrifuge chamber, reduces the adjustment effort for the necessary measuring devices and operational reliability the centrifuge increased.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe bei der eingangs angegebenen Zentrifuge dadurch gelöst, daß der Träger als becherförmiges Teil ausgebildet ist, das an dem Motor-Gehäuse derart befestigt ist, daß der Rand des Trägers auf dem Motor-Gehäuse aufsitzt und sich die Welle durch den Becherboden hindurch erstreckt und die Seitenwände des Trägers die Welle umschließen, und daß die Aufnahme-Fläche des Trägers an dessen Seitenwänden oder dessen Boden ausgebildet ist, an der die Meßeinrichtung orientiert ausgerichtet befestigt ist. Durch die Ausbildung des Trägers als becherförmiges Bauteil wird eine gute Formstabilität gewährleistet, die Gefahr der Dejustierung der am Träger angeordneten Meßeinrichtungen wesentlich vermindert, der Justieraufwand durch die zentrale Anordnung des Trägers verringert und die Betriebssicherheit der Zentrifuge erhöht. Dadurch, daß der becherförmige Träger im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch und geschlossen ausgebildet und mit dem Becher-Boden nach oben auf dem Motor-Gehäuse befestigt ist, werden Turbulenzen im Innenraum der Zentrifugenkammer weitgehendst verhindert. Die Anordnung des Trägers auf dem Motor-Gehäuse derart, daß die Antriebs-Welle von den Seitenwänden des Trägers umschlossen wird, erleichtert die Ausbildung von Aufnahmeflächen an dessen Boden und an dessen Seitenwänden für Meßeinrichtungen, die in der Nähe und in definierter Orientierung zur Antriebs-Welle und zum Rotor gehalten werden.According to the invention, this object is achieved in the centrifuge specified at the outset in that the carrier is designed as a cup-shaped part which is fastened to the motor housing in such a way that the edge of the carrier sits on the motor housing and the shaft passes through the bottom of the cup extends and the side walls of the carrier enclose the shaft, and that the receiving surface of the carrier is formed on the side walls or the bottom thereof, to which the measuring device is oriented in an oriented manner. The design of the carrier as a cup-shaped component ensures good dimensional stability, the risk of misalignment of the measuring devices arranged on the carrier is substantially reduced, the adjustment effort due to the central arrangement of the carrier is reduced and the operational reliability of the centrifuge is increased. Characterized in that the cup-shaped support is essentially rotationally symmetrical and closed and with the cup bottom attached to the top of the motor housing, turbulence in the interior of the centrifuge chamber is largely prevented. The arrangement of the carrier on the motor housing in such a way that the drive shaft is enclosed by the side walls of the carrier, facilitates the formation of receiving surfaces on its bottom and on its side walls for measuring devices which are in the vicinity and in a defined orientation to the drive Shaft and be held to the rotor.

Besonders einfach gestaltet sich die Aufnahme von Meßeinrichtungen mit konkav gekrümmten bzw. ebenen Anbauflächen und einer Orientierungsrichtung parallel oder senkrecht zur Achse der Welle an den Seitenwänden des Trägers, wenn mindestens ein Abschnitt einer Seitenwand des Trägers parallel zur Achse der Antriebswelle verläuft bzw. mindestens ein Abschnitt einer Seitenwand planparallel zur einer Ebene ausgebildet ist, in der die Antriebs-Welle liegt. Für die Aufnahme von Meßeinrichtungen mit einer ebenen Anbau- oder Orientierungsfläche ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der Boden oder ein Teil des Bodens des Trägers senkrecht zur Achse der Antriebs-Welle verläuft. Die Positioniergenauigkeit für derart gestaltete Meßeinrichtungen wird erhöht und die Gefahr des Verrutschens während des Betriebes ausgeschlossen, wenn in den Boden Vertiefungen eingelassen sind, deren Bodenfläche senkrecht zur Achse der Antriebs-Welle verlaufen und deren Seitenwände die Meßeinrichtung zusätzlich stützen.Measuring devices with concavely curved or flat mounting surfaces and an orientation direction parallel or perpendicular to the axis of the shaft on the side walls of the carrier are particularly simple if at least a section of a side wall of the carrier runs parallel to the axis of the drive shaft or at least a section a side wall is formed plane-parallel to a plane in which the drive shaft lies. For the inclusion of measuring devices with a flat mounting or orientation surface, it is advantageous if the bottom or part of the bottom of the carrier runs perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft. The positioning accuracy for measuring devices designed in this way is increased and the risk of slipping during operation is eliminated if recesses are embedded in the floor, the floor area of which runs perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft and the side walls of which additionally support the measuring device.

Für das Einkleben von Meßeinrichtungen mit runden, ebenen Anbauflächen und horizontal ausgerichteten Orientierungsflächen sind Vertiefungen im Boden vorteilhaft, die einen runden Querschnitt und an ihrem Rand einen innerhalb der Vertiefung verlaufenden Ringkanal aufweisen, in dem sich überschüssiger Klebstoff sammelt, wodurch eine horizontale Ausrichtung der Orientierungsflächen gewährleistet wird.For gluing measuring devices with round, flat mounting surfaces and horizontally oriented orientation surfaces, recesses in the floor are advantageous, which have a round cross-section and at their edge an annular channel running inside the recess, in which excess adhesive collects, thereby ensuring a horizontal alignment of the orientation surfaces becomes.

Zur Halterung von Meßeinrichtungen, die Strom- oder Signal-Leitungen erfordern, ist eine Ausbildung des Bodens mit einer Ausnehmung und einem zur Außenseite des Trägers durchgehenden Schlitz von Vorteil; durch den Schlitz können die Kabel vor der Welle des Rotors geschützt hindurch geführt werden. Durch die Formung der Ausnehmung und des Schlitzes derart, daß das Kabel kurz vor der Meßeinrichtung in einem leichten Bogen geführt wird, wobei es an einer abgeschrägten Wand der Ausnehmung aufliegt, wird eine Zugentlastung zwischen Meßeinrichtung und Kabel erreicht.To hold measuring devices that require power or signal lines, it is advantageous to design the base with a recess and a slot running through to the outside of the carrier; through the slot the cables are guided through in a protected manner from the shaft of the rotor. The shape of the recess and the slot such that the cable is guided in a slight curve shortly before the measuring device, whereby it rests on a bevelled wall of the recess, strain relief is achieved between the measuring device and the cable.

Zur Befestigung des Trägers auf dem Motor-Gehäuse hat sich eine Ausbildung des Trägers mit einem nach außen weisenden, ringförmig umlaufenden Flansch bewährt, der entweder über den gesamten Umfang auf dem Motor-Gehäuse aufgeklebt wird oder über den Umfang gleichmäßig verteilte Bohrungen aufweist, über die er an den entsprechenden Bohrungen im Motor-Gehäuse angeschraubt wird.To fasten the carrier to the motor housing, it has proven useful to design the carrier with an outwardly facing, annular circumferential flange, which is either glued to the motor housing over the entire circumference or has holes distributed uniformly over the circumference, via which it is screwed onto the corresponding holes in the motor housing.

Da, insbesondere bei der Ultra-Zentrifugation, sehr lange und dünne Antriebs-Wellen benutzt werden, ist ein Schutz der Wellen vor mechanischer Beschädigung erforderlich. Dies gewährleistet bereits die Ausbildung des Trägers als becherförmiges Teil, das über die Welle gestülpt ist. Zusätzlich ist hierfür auch eine Ausbildung des Trägers vorteilhaft derart, daß vom Boden eine vertikal ausgerichtete Hülse absteht, die sich nach unten und/oder oben erstreckt und durch die die Welle verläuft. Im Falle eines Wellen-Bruchs schützt die Hülse außerdem die am Träger angeordneten Meßvorrichtungen vor Beschädigungen und übernimmt bei einem Bruch der Welle in ihrem unteren Teil eine Not-Führung der Welle bis zum Stop des Zentrifugen-Motors.Since very long and thin drive shafts are used, particularly in the case of ultra-centrifugation, the shafts must be protected against mechanical damage. This already ensures the design of the carrier as a cup-shaped part that is placed over the shaft. In addition, a design of the carrier is also advantageous for this in such a way that a vertically oriented sleeve protrudes from the bottom, which extends downwards and / or upwards and through which the shaft runs. In the event of a shaft break, the sleeve also protects the measuring devices arranged on the carrier from damage and, if the shaft breaks, takes over the emergency guidance of the shaft in its lower part until the centrifuge motor stops.

Die Herstellung des Trägers als Spritzgußteil und aus Kunststoff ist besonders kostengünstig.The production of the carrier as an injection molded part and from plastic is particularly cost-effective.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird nachstehend näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt

Figur 1
eine Draufsicht auf einen auf dem Motor-Gehäuse einer Zentrifuge montierten Träger mit abgenommenem Rotor,
Figur 2
einen vertikalen Schnitt durch die in Figur 1 dargestellte Zentrifuge, entlang der Linie II-II und
Figur 3
eine vergrößerte Detail-Ansicht eines vertikalen Schnittes durch eine Boden-Vertiefung des in Figur 1 verwendeten Trägers entlang der Linie III - III.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail below. In the drawing shows
Figure 1
2 shows a plan view of a carrier mounted on the motor housing of a centrifuge with the rotor removed,
Figure 2
a vertical section through the centrifuge shown in Figure 1, along the line II-II and
Figure 3
an enlarged detail view of a vertical section through a bottom recess of the carrier used in Figure 1 along the line III - III.

Der Träger 1 besteht aus einem Kunststoffspritzteil, das becherförmig, im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch und geschlossen, ausgebildet und mit seinem Becher-Boden 2 nach oben auf das Motor-Gehäuse 3 so aufgesetzt ist, daß die Welle 4 ein Durchgangsloch 5 im Boden 2 zentrisch durchläuft. Der freie Becher-Rand ist als nach außen weisender Flansch 6 ausgebildet, der gleichmäßig über den Umfang angeordnete Bohrungen 7 aufweist, an denen er mittels Schrauben am Motor-Gehäuse 3 befestigt ist. Zum Schutz der Welle 4 vor mechanischer Beschädigung ist der Boden 2 des Trägers 1 vertikal nach oben und nach unten hülsenförmig ausgebildet. Außerdem schützt die Hülse 8 im Falle eines Bruchs der Welle 4 die am Träger 1 montierten Meßeinrichtungen und sie übernimmt bei einem Bruch der Welle 4 in ihrem unteren Teil, die Funktion der Führung für die Welle 4 bis zum Stop des Zentrifugen-Motors 9. An den Seitenwänden und am Boden 2 des Trägers 1 sind eine Reihe von orientierten Flächen 11, 15, 17, 23 ausgebildet. Ein Teil einer Seitenwand 10 des Trägers 1 ist planparallel zu einer Ebene, in der die Achse der Antriebs-Welle 4 verläuft, ausgebildet. An dieser planen Fläche 11 ist ein faseroptischer Sensor 12 zur Erfassung der Rotorkennung befestigt. Aufgrund der festen Zuordnung des Trägers 1 zum Motor (9), zur Welle 4 und damit auch zum Rotor 13 ist der am Träger 1 montierte faseroptische Sensor 12 in einer definierten Position zur Rotorunterseite, so daß ein sicheres Erkennen der auf der Rotorunterseite angebrachten Rotorkennung ohne großen Justieraufwand ermöglicht wird. Das Faserbündel 14 des Sensors 12 wird an einer Stelle, kurz vor dem Bereich der Befestigung des Sensors 12 an der planen Fläche 11, über eine von der Becher-Außenseite schräg nach oben verlaufende Fläche 15 geführt, auf der es leicht gekrümmt aufliegt. Dadurch wird der Sensor 12 zugentlastet und die Gefahr seiner Dejustierung vermindert. Der Boden 2 des Trägers 1 weist eine runde, ca. 2 mm tiefe Vertiefung 16 auf, deren im wesentlichen horizontale Bodenfläche 17 besonders genau bearbeitet ist und in die eine Dosenlibelle 18 mit einem Durchmesser, der dem der Vertiefung 16 entspricht, eingeklebt ist. Am äußeren Rand der Vertiefung 16 verläuft ein ca. 1 mm tiefer Ringkanal 19, in dem sich überschüssiger Klebstoff ansammelt und so gewährleistet, daß die Dosenlibelle 18 exakt horizontal ausgerichtet ist. Da die Dosenlibelle 18 über den Träger 1 eine feste Zuordnung zum Motor 9 aufweist, zeigt sie, ohne Justage zwischen Motor (9) und Dosenlibelle 18, die relevante, horizontale Lage des Motors 9 an. Zur Aufnahme eines Unwucht- sensors 20 für eine, während des Betriebes der Zentrifuge auftretende Unwucht, ist in den Boden 2 des Trägers 1 eine Ausnehmung eingelassen. Die Strom-Ka- bel 21 des Unwuchtsensors 20 führen durch einen zur Außenseite des Trägers 1 durchgehenden Schlitz 22 nach außen, dadurch ist gewährleistet, daß die Kabel 21 nicht mit der Welle 4 oder mit dem Rotor 13 in Berührung kommen. Auch diese Kabel 21 werden über eine von der Becher-Außenseite nach oben verlaufende Schräge 23 zugentlastend geführt. Wegen der Lagerung des Motors 9 auf Gummipuffern, befindet sich der Drehpunkt für die im Falle einer Unwucht auftretenden Unwuchtbewegungen am Motorfuß. Aufgrund der großen Entfernung zwischen dem auf dem Träger 1 montierten Unwuchtsensor 20 und dem auf der gegenüberliegenden Motorseite liegenden Drehpunkt der Unwuchtbewegung, wird durch den langen, wirksamen Hebelarm, an der Stelle des Unwuchtsensors 20 eine Vergrößerung und damit eine genauere Erfassung auftretender Unwuchtbewegungen bewirkt. In eine weitere Vertiefung des Bodens 2 ist, ähnlich wie der faseroptische Sensor 12 für die Rotorerkennung, eine faseroptische Vorrichtung 24 zur Messung der Rotordrehzahl eingesetzt, die ein auf der Unterseite des Rotors 13 angebrachtes Muster erfaßt aus dessen Wiederholfrequenz bei der Rotation die Rotor-Drehzahl ermittelt wird.The carrier 1 consists of a plastic injection molded part, which is cup-shaped, essentially rotationally symmetrical and closed, is formed and is placed with its cup base 2 upwards onto the motor housing 3 in such a way that the shaft 4 passes centrally through a through hole 5 in the base 2. The free cup edge is designed as an outwardly facing flange 6, which has holes 7 arranged uniformly over the circumference, to which it is fastened to the motor housing 3 by means of screws. To protect the shaft 4 from mechanical damage, the bottom 2 of the carrier 1 is formed vertically upwards and downwards in the form of a sleeve. In addition, in the event of a shaft 4 break, the sleeve 8 protects the measuring devices mounted on the carrier 1 and, in the event of a shaft 4 break in its lower part, it takes over the function of guiding the shaft 4 until the centrifuge motor 9 stops the side walls and on the bottom 2 of the carrier 1, a series of oriented surfaces 11, 15, 17, 23 are formed. Part of a side wall 10 of the carrier 1 is formed plane-parallel to a plane in which the axis of the drive shaft 4 runs. A fiber-optic sensor 12 for detecting the rotor identification is attached to this flat surface 11. Due to the fixed assignment of the carrier 1 to the motor (9), to the shaft 4 and thus also to the rotor 13, the fiber-optic sensor 12 mounted on the carrier 1 is in a defined position with respect to the underside of the rotor, so that a reliable detection of the rotor identification on the underside of the rotor is without large adjustment effort is made possible. The fiber bundle 14 of the sensor 12 is guided at a point shortly before the area where the sensor 12 is fastened to the flat surface 11, over a surface 15 which runs obliquely upwards from the outside of the cup and on which it lies in a slightly curved manner. This relieves the strain on the sensor 12 and reduces the risk of its misalignment. The bottom 2 of the carrier 1 has a round, approximately 2 mm deep recess 16, the essentially horizontal bottom surface 17 of which is machined particularly precisely and into which a circular bubble 18 is included a diameter that corresponds to that of the recess 16 is glued. At the outer edge of the recess 16 there is an approximately 1 mm deep ring channel 19 in which excess adhesive accumulates and thus ensures that the circular bubble 18 is aligned exactly horizontally. Since the circular level 18 has a fixed assignment to the motor 9 via the carrier 1, it shows the relevant horizontal position of the motor 9 without adjustment between the motor (9) and circular level 18. To accommodate an unbalance sensor 20 for an unbalance that occurs during operation of the centrifuge, a recess is made in the bottom 2 of the carrier 1. The current cables 21 of the unbalance sensor 20 lead to the outside through a slot 22 which runs through to the outside of the carrier 1, thereby ensuring that the cables 21 do not come into contact with the shaft 4 or with the rotor 13. These cables 21 are also guided in a strain-relieving manner via a slope 23 extending upwards from the outside of the cup. Because of the mounting of the motor 9 on rubber buffers, the fulcrum for the imbalance movements occurring in the event of an imbalance is at the motor base. Due to the large distance between the unbalance sensor 20 mounted on the carrier 1 and the fulcrum of the unbalance movement located on the opposite side of the motor, the long, effective lever arm at the location of the unbalance sensor 20 causes an enlargement and thus a more precise detection of unbalance movements that occur. In a further recess in the bottom 2, similar to the fiber-optic sensor 12 for rotor detection, a fiber-optic device 24 for measuring the rotor speed is inserted, which detects a pattern attached to the underside of the rotor 13 from the repetition frequency during rotation of the rotor speed is determined.

Claims (12)

Laboratoriums-Zentrifuge mit einem Antriebs-Motor, der an seinem Motor-Gehäuse orientiert befestigt ist derart, daß dessen Antriebs-Welle vertikal ausgerichtet verläuft, auf die ein Rotor aufgesetzt ist, und mit einem Träger antriebsseitig des Motors, an dem mindestens eine Meßeinrichtung an mindestens einer Aufnahme-Fläche, die orientiert zur Achse der Antriebs-Welle verläuft, angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Träger (1) als becherförmiges Teil ausgebildet ist, das an dem Motor-Gehäuse (3) derart befestigt ist, daß der Rand des Trägers (1) auf dem Motor-Gehäuse (3) aufsitzt und sich die Welle (4) durch den Becher-Boden (2) hindurch erstreckt und die Seitenwände (10) des Trägers (1) die Welle (4) umschließen, und daß die Aufnahme-Fläche des Trägers (1) an dessen Seitenwänden (10) oder dessen Boden (2) ausgebildet ist, an der die Meßeinrichtung orientiert ausgerichtet befestigt ist.Laboratory centrifuge with a drive motor, which is fastened oriented to its motor housing in such a way that its drive shaft extends vertically, on which a rotor is placed, and with a carrier on the drive side of the motor, to which at least one measuring device is attached At least one receiving surface, which is oriented to the axis of the drive shaft, is arranged, characterized in that the carrier (1) is designed as a cup-shaped part which is fastened to the motor housing (3) in such a way that the edge of the carrier (1) sits on the motor housing (3) and the shaft (4) extends through the cup base (2) and the side walls (10) of the carrier (1) enclose the shaft (4), and that the receiving surface of the carrier (1) is formed on its side walls (10) or its bottom (2), on which the measuring device is fastened in an oriented manner. Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Abschnitt einer Seitenwand (10) des Trägers (1) parallel zur Achse der Antriebs-Welle (4) verläuft.Centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a portion of a side wall (10) of the carrier (1) runs parallel to the axis of the drive shaft (4). Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Abschnitt einer Seitenwand (10) des Trägers (1) planparallel zu einer Ebene, in der die Achse der Antriebs-Welle (4) liegt, ausgebildet ist.Centrifuge according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least a portion of a side wall (10) of the carrier (1) is formed plane-parallel to a plane in which the axis of the drive shaft (4) lies. Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Boden (2) oder ein Teil des Bodens des Trägers (1) senkrecht zur Achse der Antriebs-Welle (4) verläuft.Centrifuge according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bottom (2) or part of the bottom of the carrier (1) extends perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft (4). Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Boden (2) des Trägers (1) mindestens eine Vertiefung (16) eingelassen ist, deren Grundfläche senkrecht zur Achse der Antriebs-Welle (4) verläuft.Centrifuge according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one recess (16) is embedded in the base (2) of the carrier (1), the base surface of which runs perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft (4). Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Boden eine Vertiefung (16) mit rundem Querschnitt eingelassen ist, die einen innerhalb der Vertiefung (16) und an ihrem Rand verlaufenden Ringkanal (19) aufweist.Centrifuge according to Claim 5, characterized in that a recess (16) with a round cross-section is embedded in the bottom, which has an annular channel (19) running inside the recess (16) and at its edge. Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Boden (2) des Trägers (1) mindestens eine Ausnehmung eingelassen ist, die einen zur Außenseite des Trägers (1) durchgehenden Schlitz (22) aufweist.Centrifuge according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one recess is made in the bottom (2) of the carrier (1) and has a slot (22) which extends through to the outside of the carrier (1). Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rand des Trägers (1) einen nach außen weisenden Flansch (6) aufweist, an dem der Träger (1) am Motor-Gehäuse (3) befestigt ist.Centrifuge according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the edge of the carrier (1) has an outwardly facing flange (6) to which the carrier (1) is attached to the motor housing (3). Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vom Boden (2) eine vertikal ausgerichtete Hülse (8) absteht, durch die die Welle (4) verläuft.Centrifuge according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a vertically oriented sleeve (8) projects through the bottom (2) and through which the shaft (4) runs. Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Hülse (8) vertikal nach unten und/oder oben erstreckt.Centrifuge according to claim 9, characterized in that the sleeve (8) extends vertically downwards and / or upwards. Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Träger (1) ein Spritzgußteil ist.Centrifuge according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the carrier (1) is an injection molded part. Zentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Träger aus Kunststoff besteht.Centrifuge according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the carrier consists of plastic.
EP90123646A 1990-05-05 1990-12-08 Laboratory-centrifuge Expired - Lifetime EP0455870B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE4014451 1990-05-05
DE4014451A DE4014451C1 (en) 1990-05-05 1990-05-05

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EP0455870A2 true EP0455870A2 (en) 1991-11-13
EP0455870A3 EP0455870A3 (en) 1992-05-06
EP0455870B1 EP0455870B1 (en) 1995-03-01

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10355000B3 (en) * 2003-11-25 2005-09-01 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Filter centrifuge with sensor for determining mass of filtration residues has filter device in or on rotor with device for determining rotor imbalance, evaluation system for determining mass changes of filter device using sensor signals
EP3669992A1 (en) * 2018-12-18 2020-06-24 Eppendorf AG Connection structure

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3347453A (en) * 1962-05-12 1967-10-17 Martin Christ Fa Centrifuges having rotor rotating in a vacuum
US3600900A (en) * 1969-11-03 1971-08-24 North American Rockwell Temperature controlled centrifuge
FR2634144A1 (en) * 1988-07-18 1990-01-19 Mo N Proizv Ob Biofizpribor CENTRIFUGE COMPRISING MEANS FOR FIXING A SENSOR FOR MEASURING THE ROTATION SPEED OF THE ROTOR
WO1990001372A1 (en) * 1988-08-04 1990-02-22 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Support arrangement for a temperature sensor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3347453A (en) * 1962-05-12 1967-10-17 Martin Christ Fa Centrifuges having rotor rotating in a vacuum
US3600900A (en) * 1969-11-03 1971-08-24 North American Rockwell Temperature controlled centrifuge
FR2634144A1 (en) * 1988-07-18 1990-01-19 Mo N Proizv Ob Biofizpribor CENTRIFUGE COMPRISING MEANS FOR FIXING A SENSOR FOR MEASURING THE ROTATION SPEED OF THE ROTOR
WO1990001372A1 (en) * 1988-08-04 1990-02-22 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Support arrangement for a temperature sensor

Also Published As

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EP0455870A3 (en) 1992-05-06
DE4014451C1 (en) 1991-06-13
EP0455870B1 (en) 1995-03-01
DE59008600D1 (en) 1995-04-06

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