EP0478533A1 - Cleaning process for ionising electrodes and for polluted gas inlet chamber in an installation using fluid bed electrostatic filtration and installation therefor - Google Patents

Cleaning process for ionising electrodes and for polluted gas inlet chamber in an installation using fluid bed electrostatic filtration and installation therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0478533A1
EP0478533A1 EP91890195A EP91890195A EP0478533A1 EP 0478533 A1 EP0478533 A1 EP 0478533A1 EP 91890195 A EP91890195 A EP 91890195A EP 91890195 A EP91890195 A EP 91890195A EP 0478533 A1 EP0478533 A1 EP 0478533A1
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Prior art keywords
raw gas
gas space
granulate
particles
installation
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EP91890195A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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Georg Strasser
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Alois Sceuch GmbH
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Alois Sceuch GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B03C3/80—Cleaning the electrodes by gas or solid particle blasting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/14—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by the additional use of mechanical effects, e.g. gravity
    • B03C3/145—Inertia

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cleaning the ionization electrodes and the raw gas space in an electrical packed bed filter system, and to a system in which the said method is used.
  • Said electrical packed bed filter systems comprise a raw gas space with at least one ionization electrode located therein, a filter bed of granulate particles surrounding the raw gas space essentially in tubular form, the filter bed being limited by granule guiding devices, granule feed devices above and granulate discharge devices below the raw gas space, as well as a cleaning system for the granulate particles from the filter bed.
  • the raw gas contaminated with dust particles is introduced into the raw gas space of the plant, where the dust particles are ionized by the at least one electrode. Then the raw gas with the ionized dust particles passes through the filter bed made of bulk material, preferably stones, which are preferably polarized by means of a bed electrode.
  • the negatively charged dust particles accumulate on the positively polarized sides of the bulk material particles and are thus filtered out of the gas flow.
  • the emerging clean gas stream is finally collected in a clean gas chamber and discharged outside.
  • the particles in the filter bed are in constant motion from top to bottom and are continuously discharged.
  • the granulate particles are then cleaned and are then ready for another passage through the filter bed while the separated dust is collected in a storage container.
  • the back-spraying effect of the ionization electrodes attracts dust particles during operation of the system and attaches them to the electrodes. Especially with sticky dusts or These deposits can no longer be removed from aerosols by conventional cleaning methods or only at the risk of damaging the electrodes.
  • Conventional methods include, for example, manual or automatic tapping, blowing off the surfaces of the electrodes with compressed air or shaking them using conventional vibrators, as described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,374,652.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a simple, automatically executable and damage-proof method for cleaning the electrodes or the granulate guiding devices .
  • Another task was to specify an electrical packed bed filter system which is suitable for carrying out the method.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by introducing granulate particles through at least one opening at the top of the raw gas space, after which the ionization electrodes and the inside of the inner granulate guide devices are cleaned and discharged by gas turbulence and / or impact on the granulate particles of the granules from the raw gas space, preferably cleaning together with the granules in the filter bed of the plant and returning both granules to the granules circuit.
  • the further object is achieved according to the invention in the system specified at the beginning by at least one feed line for granulate particles branching off from at least one of the granulate feed lines into the raw gas space, at least one opening being provided at the top of the raw gas space for introducing the granules.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electrical packed bed filter system according to the generic term and FIG. 2 shows the upper region of the separating-active part of the system in a schematic representation according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the raw gas contaminated with the dust particles to be separated is introduced into the raw gas space 2 of the plant through a feed pipe 1.
  • the dust particles are ionized by an electrode 3 to which a high negative voltage is applied.
  • the raw gas with the ionized dust particles then passes through the bed filter bed 4.
  • Its particles, preferably small stones, are passed through a tubular, perforated bed electrode 5, which is arranged in the middle of the essentially tubular filter bed, by applying a high positive Voltage polarizes.
  • the negatively ionized dust particles now accumulate on the positively polarized sides of the stones, which means that they are filtered out of the gas stream.
  • the filtered emerging clean gas flow is finally caught in a cleaning chamber 6 and discharged into the open by means of further devices, not shown.
  • the granules in the filter bed 4 are in constant movement from top to bottom and the individual particles are continuously discharged through the filter bed cone 7.
  • the outlet opening can be dimensioned and thus the discharge rate can be precisely defined.
  • the granulate particles in the cleaning system 9, 10, 11 are then freed of dust and again, for example from the collecting pot 12, are returned to the filter bed 4 via the lines 13.
  • the ionization electrode 3 extends over the entire length of the raw gas space 2 and thus also of the granulate filter bed 4 in the system shown by way of example.
  • the ionization electrode is included as an electrode basket a plurality of individual electrodes, which are interconnected.
  • the ionization electrodes 3 are suspended, for example, via the insulator 14 in the uppermost region of the raw gas space.
  • the separated dust is transported into a dust container 16 via a tubular fabric filter 15.
  • FIG. 2 now shows an enlarged view of the upper region of the part of the installation which is active in the separation according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the structure of the ionization electrode 3 suspended from the ionizer 14 from a plurality of individual electrodes 31 can be seen even more clearly.
  • Said individual electrodes 31 are connected to one another by connecting elements 33 and fastened to the central tube 32.
  • the individual electrodes 31 can be provided with tips 34.
  • the guide devices for the granulate particles of the filter bed can also be clearly seen, the outer guide devices with 41, and the inner guide devices are designated with 42. Both guide devices consist of ring-shaped, conical sections arranged one above the other, which allow the entry of the raw gas on the inside at 42 or the exit of the clean gas on the outside at 41.
  • At least one feed line 20 for granule particles branching off from at least one of the granule feed lines 13 is provided into the raw gas space 2, at least one opening 21 on the top of the raw gas space 2 serving for introducing the granules.
  • a discharge device (not shown) for the granules from the raw gas space 2 can be provided in the lower region of the raw gas space 2.
  • the simplest and preferred solution for discharging the granulate particles from the raw gas space is to simply let the stones fall through the bottom section of the raw gas chamber 2, which is designed in a funnel-like manner, into the filter bed cone 7 and then to convey the granulate together with that from the filter bed 4 .
  • Granule particles are introduced into the raw gas space 2 at least occasionally through the at least one opening 21, after which the ionization electrode 3 and the inside of the inner granule guide device 42 are cleaned by gas turbulence and / or impact of the introduced granule particles. Thereafter, the granules located in the raw gas space 2 are discharged from the raw gas space, possibly via the device 25, and are cleaned, preferably together with the granular content of the filter bed 4 of the system, and returned to the granulate circuit.
  • a plurality of supply lines 20 are in the raw gas space 2 and a corresponding number of openings 21, preferably evenly distributed along a circle around the axis of the raw gas space 2, on the top of the Raw gas room 2 is provided.
  • the granulate particles can be introduced into the raw gas space at a plurality of openings, preferably equally distributed along a circle around the axis of the raw gas space.
  • 2 dosing or shut-off units 22 are arranged in the feed lines 20 for the granulate particles in the raw gas space.
  • the cleaning system By means of the cleaning system according to the invention, sticky dusts or aerosols can also be effectively removed from the ionization electrodes or the guiding devices for the granulate filter bed, the system being able to continue its operation and no manual work being necessary.
  • the electrodes are also not exposed to the loads which occur, for example, when deposits are scraped off and up by moving elements which are provided with sharp-edged through openings for the electrode wires 31, and the electrode is cleaned in this way.

Abstract

Cleaning process for the ionising electrodes and for the polluted-gas inlet chamber in an installation using fluid-bed electrostatic filtration which involves admitting granular particles at the top of the polluted-gas inlet chamber, after which the ionising electrodes and the inside of the internal devices for guiding the granular material are cleaned by gas turbulence and/or the impact of granular particles. After the granular material has been discharged and preferably jointly cleaned with the granular component of the filter bed, both granular components are returned to the granular-material circuit. The installation using fluid-bed electrostatic filtration has at least one line 20 for feeding granular particles into the polluted-gas inlet chamber 2 and said line 20 branches off from at least one of the granular-material feedlines 13. At least one opening 21 is provided at the top of the polluted-gas inlet chamber 2 for introducing the granular material. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Abreinigung der Ionisationselektroden und des Rohgasraumes bei einer Elektro-Schüttschichtfilter-Anlage, sowie eine Anlage, bei welcher das besagte Verfahren zur Anwendung gelangt.The invention relates to a method for cleaning the ionization electrodes and the raw gas space in an electrical packed bed filter system, and to a system in which the said method is used.

Die besagten Elektro-Schüttschichtfilter-Anlagen umfassen einen Rohgasraum mit zumindest einer darin befindlichen Ionisationselektrode, ein den Rohgasraum im wesentlichen rohrförmig umgebendes Filterbett aus Granulatteilchen, wobei das Filterbett von Granulat-Leiteinrichtungen begrenzt ist, Granulat-Zufuhreinrichtungen oberhalb und Granulat-Austragseinrichtungen unterhalb des Rohgasraumes, sowie eine,Reinigungsanlage für die Granulatteilchen aus dem Filterbett. Das mit Staubteilchen verschmutzte Rohgas wird in den Rohgasraum der Anlage eingeleitet, wo die Staubteilchen durch die zumindest eine Elektrode ionisiert werden. Anschließend passiert das Rohgas mit den ionisierten Staubteilchen das Filterbett aus Schüttgut, vorzugsweise Steinchen, welche vorzuqsweise mittels einer Bettelektrode polarisiert werden. Die negativ geladenen Staubpartikel lagern sich an den positiv polarisierten Seiten der Schüttgutteilchen an und werden so aus dem Gasstrom ausgefiltert. Der austretende Reingasstrom wird schließlich in einer Reingaskammer aufgefangen und ins Freie abgeführt.Said electrical packed bed filter systems comprise a raw gas space with at least one ionization electrode located therein, a filter bed of granulate particles surrounding the raw gas space essentially in tubular form, the filter bed being limited by granule guiding devices, granule feed devices above and granulate discharge devices below the raw gas space, as well as a cleaning system for the granulate particles from the filter bed. The raw gas contaminated with dust particles is introduced into the raw gas space of the plant, where the dust particles are ionized by the at least one electrode. Then the raw gas with the ionized dust particles passes through the filter bed made of bulk material, preferably stones, which are preferably polarized by means of a bed electrode. The negatively charged dust particles accumulate on the positively polarized sides of the bulk material particles and are thus filtered out of the gas flow. The emerging clean gas stream is finally collected in a clean gas chamber and discharged outside.

Die Partikel des Filterbettes sind in ständiger Bewegung von oben nach unten und werden kontinuierlich ausgetragen. Anschließend werden die Granulatteilchen gereinigt, und stehen dann für einen neuerlichen Durchgang durch das Filterbett bereit, während der abgeschiedene Staub in einem Vorratsbehälter aufgefangen wird.The particles in the filter bed are in constant motion from top to bottom and are continuously discharged. The granulate particles are then cleaned and are then ready for another passage through the filter bed while the separated dust is collected in a storage container.

Durch die Rücksprühwirkung der Ionisationselektroden werden während des Betriebes der Anlage Staubteilchen angezogen und an den Elektroden angelagert. Insbesondere bei klebrigen Stäuben oder Aerosolen sind diese Anlagerungen durch die herkömmlichen Reinigungsverfahren nicht mehr bzw. nur unter der Gefahr der Beschädigung der Elektroden zu entfernen. Als herkömmliche Methoden gelten dabei beispielsweise händische oder automatische Klopfungen, das Abblasen der Oberflächen der Elektroden mit Preßluft oder das Rütteln derselben mittels herkömmlicher Vibratoren, wie dies beispielsweise in der US-PS 4 374 652 beschrieben ist.The back-spraying effect of the ionization electrodes attracts dust particles during operation of the system and attaches them to the electrodes. Especially with sticky dusts or These deposits can no longer be removed from aerosols by conventional cleaning methods or only at the risk of damaging the electrodes. Conventional methods include, for example, manual or automatic tapping, blowing off the surfaces of the electrodes with compressed air or shaking them using conventional vibrators, as described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,374,652.

Das für die Ionisationselektroden Gesagte gilt in gleicher Weise für die als Niederschlagselektroden wirkenden Leiteinrichtungen für die Granulatschicht. An diesen Leiteinrichtungen lagern sich die Staubteilchen ebenfalls an und sind in diesem Fall nur durch Handabreinigung zu entfernen. Dies bedeutet aber eine Unterbrechung des Betriebes der Anlage, sowie einen personal- und damit kostenaufwendigen Wartungsvorgang.What has been said for the ionization electrodes applies in the same way to the guiding devices for the granulate layer which act as precipitation electrodes. The dust particles also accumulate on these guide devices and in this case can only be removed by hand cleaning. However, this means an interruption of the operation of the system, as well as a personnel and therefore costly maintenance process.

Da vor allem durch den Belag an den Ionisationselektroden deren Wirkung und damit auch die Abscheideleistung des gesamten Filters reduziert wird, besteht die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung darin, eine einfache, automatisch durchführbare, sowie beschädigungssichere Methode zur Reinigung der Elektroden bzw. der Granulat-Leiteinrichtungen anzugeben.Since the effect on the ionization electrodes and thus also the separation efficiency of the entire filter is reduced primarily by the coating on the ionization electrodes, the object of the present invention is to provide a simple, automatically executable and damage-proof method for cleaning the electrodes or the granulate guiding devices .

Eine weitere Aufgabe bestand darin, eine Elektro-Schüttschichtfilter-Anlage anzugeben, welche zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignet ist.Another task was to specify an electrical packed bed filter system which is suitable for carrying out the method.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch das Einschleusen von Granulatteilchen durch zumindest eine Öffnung an der Oberseite des Rohgasraumes, wonach durch Gasturbulenzen und/oder Anprallen der Granulatteilchen die Ionisationselektroden sowie die Innenseite der inneren Granulat-Leiteinrichtungen gereinigt werden und Austragen des Granulates aus dem Rohgasraum, vorzugsweise gemeinsames Reinigen mit dem Granulatanteil des Filterbettes der Anlage und Rückleiten beider Granulatanteile in den Granulatkreislauf.The object is achieved according to the invention by introducing granulate particles through at least one opening at the top of the raw gas space, after which the ionization electrodes and the inside of the inner granulate guide devices are cleaned and discharged by gas turbulence and / or impact on the granulate particles of the granules from the raw gas space, preferably cleaning together with the granules in the filter bed of the plant and returning both granules to the granules circuit.

Die weitere Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß bei der eingangs angegebenen Anlage gelöst durch zumindest eine, von zumindest einer der Granulat-Zufuhrleitungen abzweigende, Zufuhrleitung für Granulatteilchen in den Rohgasraum, wobei zumindest eine Öffnung an der Oberseite des Rohgasraumes zur Einbringung des Granulates vorgesehen ist.The further object is achieved according to the invention in the system specified at the beginning by at least one feed line for granulate particles branching off from at least one of the granulate feed lines into the raw gas space, at least one opening being provided at the top of the raw gas space for introducing the granules.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung werden in weiterer Folge in der Beschreibung unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert.Further features and advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail in the description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Dabei zeigt Fig.1 eine Elektro-Schüttschichtfilter-Anlage gemäß dem Gattungsbegriff und Fig.2 den oberen Bereich des abscheideaktiven Teiles der Anlage in schematischer Darstellung gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.1 shows an electrical packed bed filter system according to the generic term and FIG. 2 shows the upper region of the separating-active part of the system in a schematic representation according to an embodiment of the invention.

In Fig.1 ist beispielhaft eine Elektro-Schüttschichtfilter-Anlage dargestellt. Das mit den abzuscheidenden Staubteilchen verschmutzte Rohgas wird durch ein Zuleitungsrohr 1 in den Rohgasraum 2 der Anlage eingebracht. Dabei werden die Staubteilchen durch eine Elektrode 3, an die eine hohe negative Spannung angelegt wird, ionisiert. Anschließend passiert das Rohgas mit den ionisierten Staubteilchen das Schüttschicht-Filterbett 4. Dessen Partikel, vorzuqsweise kleine Steine, werden durch eine rohrförmige, mit Durchlässen versehene, Bettelektrode 5, welche in der Mitte des im wesentlichen rohrförmigen Filterbettes angeordnet ist, durch Anlegen einer hohen positiven Spannung polarisiert. An den positiv polarisierten Seiten der Steinchen lagern sich nun die negativ ionisierten Staubpartikel an, wodurch sie aus dem Gasstrom ausgefiltert werden. Der gefilterte austretende Reingasstrom wird schließlich in einer Reinigungskammer 6 aufgefangen, und mittels weiterer, nicht dargestellter Einrichtungen ins Freie abgeführt.1 shows an example of an electrical packed bed filter system. The raw gas contaminated with the dust particles to be separated is introduced into the raw gas space 2 of the plant through a feed pipe 1. The dust particles are ionized by an electrode 3 to which a high negative voltage is applied. The raw gas with the ionized dust particles then passes through the bed filter bed 4. Its particles, preferably small stones, are passed through a tubular, perforated bed electrode 5, which is arranged in the middle of the essentially tubular filter bed, by applying a high positive Voltage polarizes. The negatively ionized dust particles now accumulate on the positively polarized sides of the stones, which means that they are filtered out of the gas stream. The filtered emerging clean gas flow is finally caught in a cleaning chamber 6 and discharged into the open by means of further devices, not shown.

Das Granulat im Filterbett 4 ist in ständiger Bewegung von oben nach unten und die einzelnen Partikel werden kontinuierlich durch den Filterbettkonus 7 ausgetragen. Durch einen am Trichterauslauf 8 angebrachten Schieber kann die Auslaßöffnung bemessen und damit die Austragsleistung genau definiert werden. Anschließend werden die Granulatteilchen im Reinigungssystem 9, 10, 11 von Staub befreit und wieder, beispielsweise aus dem Sammeltopf 12, über die Leitungen 13 ins Filterbett 4 rückgeführt.The granules in the filter bed 4 are in constant movement from top to bottom and the individual particles are continuously discharged through the filter bed cone 7. By means of a slide attached to the funnel outlet 8, the outlet opening can be dimensioned and thus the discharge rate can be precisely defined. The granulate particles in the cleaning system 9, 10, 11 are then freed of dust and again, for example from the collecting pot 12, are returned to the filter bed 4 via the lines 13.

Um eine vollständige Ionisierung der Staubteilchen entlang der gesamten Länge des Filterbettes 4 zu erreichen, erstreckt sich bei der beispielhaft dargestellten Anlage die Ionisierungselektrode 3 über die gesamte Länge des Rohgasraumes 2 und damit auch des Granulatfilterbettes 4. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Ionisierungselektrode als Elektrodenkorb mit einer Mehrzahl von Einzelelektroden ausgeführt, welche untereinander verbunden sind. Die Aufhängung der Ionisierungselektroden 3 erfolgt beispielsweise über den Isolator 14 im obersten Bereich des Rohgasraumes. Der abgeschiedene Staub wird über ein Schlauchgewebefilter 15 in einen Staubcontainer 16 transportiert.In order to achieve complete ionization of the dust particles along the entire length of the filter bed 4, the ionization electrode 3 extends over the entire length of the raw gas space 2 and thus also of the granulate filter bed 4 in the system shown by way of example. According to a preferred embodiment, the ionization electrode is included as an electrode basket a plurality of individual electrodes, which are interconnected. The ionization electrodes 3 are suspended, for example, via the insulator 14 in the uppermost region of the raw gas space. The separated dust is transported into a dust container 16 via a tubular fabric filter 15.

Fig.2 zeigt nun eine vergrößerte Ansicht des oberen Bereiches des abscheideaktiven Teiles der Anlage gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. hierbei ist noch deutlicher der Aufbau der am Ioslator 14 aufgehängten Ionisationselektrode 3 aus mehreren Einzelelektroden 31 zu ersehen. Die besagten Einzelelektroden 31 sind durch Verbindungselemente 33 miteinander verbunden und am zentralen Rohr 32 befestigt. Zur Erhöhung der Ionisationswirkung können die Einzelelektroden 31 mit Spitzen 34 versehen sein. Deutlich sind auch die Leiteinrichtungen für die Granulatteilchen des Filterbettes zu erkennen, wobei die äußeren Leiteinrichtungen mit 41, sowie die inneren Leiteinrichtungen mit 42 bezeichnet sind. Beide Leiteinrichtungen bestehen aus ringförmigen, übereinander angeordneten Konusabschnitten, welche das Eintreten des Rohgases an der Innenseite bei 42, bzw. das Austreten des Reingases an der Außenseite bei 41 gestatten.FIG. 2 now shows an enlarged view of the upper region of the part of the installation which is active in the separation according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. here the structure of the ionization electrode 3 suspended from the ionizer 14 from a plurality of individual electrodes 31 can be seen even more clearly. Said individual electrodes 31 are connected to one another by connecting elements 33 and fastened to the central tube 32. To increase the ionization effect, the individual electrodes 31 can be provided with tips 34. The guide devices for the granulate particles of the filter bed can also be clearly seen, the outer guide devices with 41, and the inner guide devices are designated with 42. Both guide devices consist of ring-shaped, conical sections arranged one above the other, which allow the entry of the raw gas on the inside at 42 or the exit of the clean gas on the outside at 41.

Oberhalb des Rohgasraumes 2 ist erfindungsgemäß zumindest eine von zumindest einer der Granulatzufuhrleitungen 13 abzweigende Zufuhrleitung 20 für Granulatteilchen in den Rohgasraum 2 hinein vorgesehen, wobei zumindest eine Öffnung 21 an der Oberseite des Rohgasraumes 2 zur Einbringung des Granulates dient. Im unteren Bereich des Rohgasraumes 2 kann eine (nicht dargestellte) Austragseinrichtung für das Granulat aus dem Rohgasraum 2 vorgesehen sein. Die einfachste und dabei bevorzugte Lösung zum Austragen der Granulatteilchen aus dem Rohgasraum besteht darin, die Steinchen einfach durch den trichterartig ausgeführten untersten Abschnitt der Rohgaskammer 2 hindurch in den Filterbettkonus 7 fallen zu lassen und anschließend das Granulat gemeinsam mit jenem aus dem Filterbett 4 weiter zu befördern.Above the raw gas space 2, according to the invention, at least one feed line 20 for granule particles branching off from at least one of the granule feed lines 13 is provided into the raw gas space 2, at least one opening 21 on the top of the raw gas space 2 serving for introducing the granules. A discharge device (not shown) for the granules from the raw gas space 2 can be provided in the lower region of the raw gas space 2. The simplest and preferred solution for discharging the granulate particles from the raw gas space is to simply let the stones fall through the bottom section of the raw gas chamber 2, which is designed in a funnel-like manner, into the filter bed cone 7 and then to convey the granulate together with that from the filter bed 4 .

Durch die zumindest eine Öffnung 21 werden zumindest fallweise Granulatteilchen in den Rohgasraum 2 eingeschleust, wonach durch Gasturbulenzen und/oder Anprallen der eingeschleusten Granulatteilchen die Ionisationslektrode 3 sowie die Innenseite der inneren Granulat-Leiteinrichtung 42 gereinigt wird. Danach wird das im Rohgasraum 2 befindliche Granulat, gegebenenfalls über die Einrichtung 25, aus dem Rohgasraum ausgetragen und, vorzugsweise gemeinsam mit dem Granulatanteil des Filterbettes 4 der Anlage, gereinigt und in den Granulatkreislauf rückgeleitet.Granule particles are introduced into the raw gas space 2 at least occasionally through the at least one opening 21, after which the ionization electrode 3 and the inside of the inner granule guide device 42 are cleaned by gas turbulence and / or impact of the introduced granule particles. Thereafter, the granules located in the raw gas space 2 are discharged from the raw gas space, possibly via the device 25, and are cleaned, preferably together with the granular content of the filter bed 4 of the system, and returned to the granulate circuit.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind mehrere Zufuhrleitungen 20 in den Rohgasraum 2 sowie eine entsprechende Anzahl von Öffnungen 21, vorzuqsweise entlang eines Kreises um die Achse des Rohgasraumes 2 gleich verteilt, an der Oberseite des Rohgasraumes 2 vorgesehen. Die Granulatteilchen können bei dieser Ausführung an mehreren, vorzugsweise entlang eines Kreises um die Achse des Rohgasraumes gleichverteilten Öffnungen, in den Rohgasraum eingeschleust werden. Das hat den Vorteil, daß die Innenseite der inneren Leiteinrichtung 42 sowie die Ionisationselektrode 3 an allen Seiten einer gleichmäßigen Reinigungsleistung durch die Granulatteilchen ausgesetzt ist.According to an advantageous development of the invention, a plurality of supply lines 20 are in the raw gas space 2 and a corresponding number of openings 21, preferably evenly distributed along a circle around the axis of the raw gas space 2, on the top of the Raw gas room 2 is provided. In this embodiment, the granulate particles can be introduced into the raw gas space at a plurality of openings, preferably equally distributed along a circle around the axis of the raw gas space. This has the advantage that the inside of the inner guide device 42 and the ionization electrode 3 are exposed to uniform cleaning performance on all sides by the granulate particles.

Um die Menge der eingeschleusten Granulatteilchen und die Dauer des Reinigungseinsatzes genau bestimmen zu können, ist gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß in den Zufuhrleitungen 20 für die Granulatteilchen in den Rohgasraum 2 Dosier- bzw. Absperreinheiten 22 angeordnet sind.In order to be able to determine the amount of the introduced granulate particles and the duration of the cleaning operation precisely, according to a further feature of the invention it is provided that 2 dosing or shut-off units 22 are arranged in the feed lines 20 for the granulate particles in the raw gas space.

Mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Abreinigungssystemes können auch klebrige Stäube oder Aerosole von den Ionisationselektroden bzw. den Leiteinrichtungen für das Granulat-Filterbett wirksam entfernt werden, wobei die Anlage ihren Betrieb weiterführen kann, und keine händischen Arbeiten notwendig sind. Die Elektroden sind bei der erfindungsgemäßen Methode auch nicht jenen Belastungen ausgesetzt, wie sie zum Beispiel auftreten, wenn durch Auf- und Abbewegen von Elementen, welche mit scharfkantigen Durchführungsöffnungen für die Elektrodendrähte 31 ausgestattet sind, Ablagerungen abgeschabt und die Elektrode auf diese Weise gereinigt wird.By means of the cleaning system according to the invention, sticky dusts or aerosols can also be effectively removed from the ionization electrodes or the guiding devices for the granulate filter bed, the system being able to continue its operation and no manual work being necessary. In the method according to the invention, the electrodes are also not exposed to the loads which occur, for example, when deposits are scraped off and up by moving elements which are provided with sharp-edged through openings for the electrode wires 31, and the electrode is cleaned in this way.

Claims (5)

Verfahren zur Abreinigung der Ionisationselektroden und des Rohgasraumes bei einer Elektro-Schüttschichtfilter-Anlage, gekennzeichnet durch das Einschleusen von Granulatteilchen durch zumindest eine Öffnung an der Oberseite des Rohgasraumes, wonach durch Gasturbulenzen und/oder Anprallen der Granulatteilchen die Ionisationselektroden sowie die Innenseite der inneren Granulat-Leiteinrichtungen gereinigt werden, und Austragen des Granulates aus dem Rohgasraum, vorzugsweise gemeinsames Reinigen mit dem Granulatanteil des Filterbettes der Anlage und Rückleiten beider Granulatanteile in den Granulatkreislauf.Process for cleaning the ionization electrodes and the raw gas space in an electrical packed bed filter system, characterized by the introduction of granulate particles through at least one opening at the top of the raw gas space, after which the ionization electrodes and the inside of the inner granulate particles are caused by gas turbulence and / or impact of the granulate particles. Guides are cleaned, and discharge of the granules from the raw gas space, preferably cleaning together with the granulate portion of the filter bed of the system and returning both granulate portions into the granulate circuit. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Granulatteilchen an mehreren, vorzugsweise entlang eines Kreises um die Achse des Rohgasraumes gleichverteilten, Öffnungen, in den Rohgasraum eingeschleust werden.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the granulate particles are introduced into the raw gas space at a plurality of openings, preferably evenly distributed along a circle around the axis of the raw gas space. Elektro-Schüttschichtfilter-Anlage, umfassend einen Rohgasraum mit zumindest einer darin befindlichen Ionisationselektrode, ein den Rohgasraum im wesentlichen rohrförmig umgebendes Filterbett aus Granulatteilchen, wobei das Filterbett von Granulat-Leiteinrichtungen begrenzt ist, Granulat-Zufuhreinrichtungen oberhalb und Granulat-Austragseinrichtungen unterhalb des Rohgasraumes, sowie eine Reinigungsanalge für die Granulatteilchen aus dem Filterbett, gekennzeichnet durch zumindest eine, von zumindest einer der Granulat-Zufuhrleitungen (13) abzweigende, Zufuhrleitung (20) für Granulatteilchen in den Rohgasraum (2), wobei zumindest eine Öffnung (21) an der Oberseite des Rohgasraumes (2) zur Einbringung des Granulates vorgesehen ist.Electric packed bed filter system, comprising a raw gas space with at least one ionization electrode located therein, a filter bed of granulate particles surrounding the raw gas space essentially in tubular form, the filter bed being limited by granulate guiding devices, granulate feed devices above and granulate discharge devices below the raw gas space, and a cleaning system for the granulate particles from the filter bed, characterized by at least one feed line (20) for granulate particles branching off from at least one of the granulate feed lines (13) into the raw gas space (2), at least one opening (21) at the top of the Raw gas space (2) is provided for the introduction of the granules. Anlage nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Zufuhrleitungen (20) in den Rohgasraum (2) und eine entsprechende Anzahl von Öffnungen (21), vorzugsweise entlang eines Kreises um die Achse des Rohgasraumes (2) gleichverteilt, an der Oberseite des Rohgasraumes (2) vorgesehen sind.Plant according to claim 3, characterized in that a plurality of supply lines (20) into the raw gas space (2) and a corresponding number of openings (21), preferably evenly distributed along a circle around the axis of the raw gas space (2), at the top of the raw gas space ( 2) are provided. Anlage nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Zufuhrleitungen (20) für die Granulatteilchen in den Rohgasraum (2) Dosier- bzw. Absperreinheiten (22) angeordnet sind.Plant according to claim 3, characterized in that metering or shut-off units (22) are arranged in the feed lines (20) for the granulate particles into the raw gas space (2).
EP91890195A 1990-09-24 1991-09-02 Cleaning process for ionising electrodes and for polluted gas inlet chamber in an installation using fluid bed electrostatic filtration and installation therefor Ceased EP0478533A1 (en)

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AT193090A AT393969B (en) 1990-09-24 1990-09-24 METHOD FOR CLEANING THE IONIZATION ELECTRODES AND THE RAW GAS SPACE IN AN ELECTRIC PROPELLER FILTER FILTER SYSTEM AND A SYSTEM WITH WHICH THE SAME METHOD IS APPLIED
AT1930/90 1990-09-24

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ATA193090A (en) 1991-07-15
AT393969B (en) 1992-01-10

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