EP0490017A1 - Method for the production of press-formed objects - Google Patents

Method for the production of press-formed objects Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0490017A1
EP0490017A1 EP90850399A EP90850399A EP0490017A1 EP 0490017 A1 EP0490017 A1 EP 0490017A1 EP 90850399 A EP90850399 A EP 90850399A EP 90850399 A EP90850399 A EP 90850399A EP 0490017 A1 EP0490017 A1 EP 0490017A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mass
wood
plastic material
mixture
heated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP90850399A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Yrjö Hynninen
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WOODFOOT Oy
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WOODFOOT Oy
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/007—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and at least partly composed of recycled material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/28—Moulding or pressing characterised by using extrusion presses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method as defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention aims to provide a method in which the said special glues are not needed at all when producing compacts.
  • the invention aims to provide a method by means of which compacts can be produced continuously in an effective and advantageous manner.
  • the invention aims to provide a method that enables the production of compacts from waste material.
  • mechanical mass based on wood is heated in order to reduce the moisture content; plastic material, advantageously polyethylene, is added; the mixture of mechanical mass based on wood and plastic material is mixed to a homogeneous mixture mass; the mixture mass is heated in such a way that at least a part of the plastic material melts into the mechanical mass based on wood; the homogenized hot mixture mass is continuously pressed with a screw press through a nozzle into the desired shape; and cooled, the plastic material being the components of the mechanical mass based on wood binds to a solid compact.
  • plastic material advantageously polyethylene
  • the mechanical mass based on wood includes at least one of the following components: wood chips, sawdust, plywood production waste.
  • the mechanical mass based on wood can e.g. from waste wood material by any previously known method, e.g. by machining.
  • the wood-based mass produced in this way can also contain small amounts of other materials as impurities, e.g. existing glue and the like in waste from plywood production
  • the wood-based mass is mainly composed of wood material particles, which can be of different sizes, depending on the desired properties of the end product.
  • the plastic material at least mainly consists of thermoplastic. Thermoplastics or thermoplastics are those that can be melted and molded again.
  • thermoplastic materials which are suitable for the purpose and which serve as a suitable binder in the pressed body can be used in the process.
  • their melting temperature must also be taken into account, which must not be so high that the wood material ignites during the heating phase.
  • the plastic material is at least mainly shredded thermoplastic waste, such as polyethylene waste.
  • the particle size of the plastic material of the order of magnitude about 8 mm is advantageous.
  • the chopped plastic material mixes easily with the wood-based mechanical mass and melts quickly.
  • Polyethylene waste is, for example, from sacks, bags and the like. available, which are made of polyethylene film.
  • the plastic material can also contaminate small amounts contain other mixtures, such as thermoset plastics, dyes or the like.
  • the plastic material used in the process is mainly composed of thermoplastic.
  • the amount of plastic material in relation to the amount of wood-based material can be varied as desired depending on the plastic material used and the desired properties of the end product; however, the proportion of plastic material is advantageously about 10 to 20%.
  • the mixture is heated to a temperature which is in the range 140-180 ° C., advantageously to 150 ° C. At the said temperature, the thermoplastic melts completely. However, the temperature is not so high that the wood material in the mixture would ignite.
  • the mixture is heated using infrared radiation.
  • Preheating the mechanical mass based on wood and the plastic material before the final pressing is advantageous already when conveying the mixture mass on a conveyor, e.g. carried out on a belt conveyor, the heating of the continuous mixture mass flow then taking place most advantageously with the aid of infrared radiation.
  • the mixture mass is heated in stages, with use in the final heating of the temperature rise caused by the pressing pressure and friction in the screw press.
  • the plastic material in the mixture mass then advantageously melts in the area of the tip in the screw press.
  • the pressed bodies are coated with plastic material by using a feed device in the press with which plastic material is applied to the surface of the pressed body is fed.
  • the plastic layer protects the product, for example, against moisture and also against mechanical wear.
  • the pressing takes place as a continuous process, and after cooling, the pressed body is cut to a predetermined size.
  • the mechanical mass on a wooden basis is homogenized to form a mixture mass with a screw mixer, in which the mixture mass is advantageously heated.
  • the invention enables the production of compacts from waste material.
  • plywood veneer waste machined from wood-based mechanical mass and film-like polyethylene waste are used as plastic material.
  • the production of compacts from these materials takes place according to the invention in a continuous process as follows.
  • the plywood veneer waste is stored in a chip silo.
  • the wood chips flow out of the silo with the help of a vibrator through a rotary feeder serving as a metering device onto a screw conveyor which feeds the wood chips in the form of a uniform flow to a tube dryer.
  • the tube dryer works like a heat exchanger. Water vapor serves as a heat-dissipating component, and the wood chips are the heat-absorbing components Component.
  • the purpose of the heating is to reduce and compensate for the moisture content in the wood chips.
  • the aim is to reduce the moisture content of the chips from about 10% to about 3%.
  • Water vapor at a pressure of about 5 bar is guided to the central axis of the tube dryer, from where it goes to the radial tube plates, the dryer and on to the other end of the dryer.
  • the chips are introduced into the dryer in the same direction as the steam. The chips move forward in the spaces between the tube plates as the shafts rotate and heat up to about 130 ° C when they come into contact with the tubes heated by the steam.
  • the warm chips are transported from the dryer to a mixing screw, where the plastic material is also added.
  • the temperature of the chip stream coming from the dryer is measured and the amount of the steam stream going to the dryer is regulated accordingly.
  • the plastic material i.e. the film-like polyethylene waste
  • the chopped plastic is pneumatically transported to a plastic silo via a cyclone.
  • the cyclone separates the carrier air used for transport from the plastic.
  • the plastic chop is dosed from the silo onto the mixing screw using an unloader.
  • the plastic chop and wood chips mix on the mixing screw to form a homogeneous mixture.
  • the mixture is passed from the mixing screw to a belt conveyor, where the mixture flow is heated to approximately 150 ° C. in such a way that at least part of the plastic material melts.
  • the heating takes place by means of infrared heaters installed over the belt.
  • the heated mixture mass is scraped off the conveyor belt into a screw press, where the hot mixture mass is pressed and the temperature rises further with increasing pressure, in which case all plastic material melts in the tip region of the screw press, thus resulting in binders.
  • the screw press presses the mass through a suitably shaped nozzle into a rod-like pressed body. After the nozzle downstream, the rod is cooled by passing it into a steel tube surrounded by a water jacket, or it is cooled by air blowing. When the pressing rod cools down, its surface hardens, whereby it can be cut into pieces of the desired length.

Abstract

A method for the production of press-formed objects, in which mechanical wood pulp, preferably a mass of shredded wood, is heated for the purpose of reducing the moisture content. Plastics material, advantageously polyethylene, is added to this; the mixture of mechanical wood pulp and plastics material is mixed in a screw mixer to form a homogeneous mix; the mix is heated in such a way that at least part of the plastics material melts into the mechanical wood pulp; the homogenised hot mix is forced continuously by a screw press through a die to form the designed shape; and is cooled, the plastics material bonding together the constituents of the mechanical wood pulp to form a solid press-formed object.

Description

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren, wie im Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1 definiert.The invention relates to a method as defined in the preamble of claim 1.

Es sind zuvor Herstellungsverfahren für Preßkörper bekannt, in denen man Hackspänen, Sägemehl o.dgl. Holzmaterial Leim beimischt und die so erhaltene Mischmasse in einer Form zu gewünschter Sestalt preßt.There are previously known manufacturing processes for compacts, in which wood chips, sawdust or the like. Wood material is mixed with glue and the resulting mixture is pressed into the desired shape in a mold.

Ein Problem bei den zuvor bekannten Verfahren ist, daß die zur Herstellung geeigneten Leime kostspielige Sonderleime sind.A problem with the previously known methods is that the glues suitable for the production are expensive special glues.

Die Erfindung bezweckt das Hervorbringen eines Verfahrens, in dem beim Herstellen von Preßkörpern die besagten Sonderleime überhaupt nicht benötigt werden.The invention aims to provide a method in which the said special glues are not needed at all when producing compacts.

Insbesondere bezweckt die Erfindung das Hervorbringen eines Verfahrens, mittels dessen Preßkörper kontinuierlich in effektiver und vorteilhafter Weise hergestellt werden können.In particular, the invention aims to provide a method by means of which compacts can be produced continuously in an effective and advantageous manner.

Fernerhin bezweckt die Erfindung das Hervorbringen eines Verfahrens, das die Herstellung von Preßkörpern aus Abfallmaterial ermöglicht.Furthermore, the invention aims to provide a method that enables the production of compacts from waste material.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, was im Patentanspruch 1 angeführt ist.The method according to the invention is characterized in what is stated in claim 1.

Erfindungsgemäß wird mechanische Masse auf Holzbasis, vorteilhaft zerspante Holzmasse, zwecks Herabsetzung des Feuchtigkeitsgehalts erhitzt; dazu wird Kunststoffmaterial, vorteilhaft Polyäthylen, hinzugegeben; das Bemisch aus mechanischer Masse auf Holzgrundlage und aus Kunststoffmaterial wird zu einer homogenen Gemischmasse vermischt; die Gemischmasse wird in solcher Weise erhitzt, daß mindestens ein Teil des Kunststoffmaterials in die mechanische Masse auf Holzgrundlage hinein schmilzt; die homogenisierte heiße Gemischmasse wird kontinuierlich mit einer Schraubenpresse durch eine Düse hindurch zu gewünschter Form gepreßt; und abgekühlt, wobei das Kunststoffmaterial die Bestandteile der mechanischen Masse auf Holzgrundlage zu einem festen Preßkörper zusammenbindet.According to the invention, mechanical mass based on wood, advantageously machined wood mass, is heated in order to reduce the moisture content; plastic material, advantageously polyethylene, is added; the mixture of mechanical mass based on wood and plastic material is mixed to a homogeneous mixture mass; the mixture mass is heated in such a way that at least a part of the plastic material melts into the mechanical mass based on wood; the homogenized hot mixture mass is continuously pressed with a screw press through a nozzle into the desired shape; and cooled, the plastic material being the components of the mechanical mass based on wood binds to a solid compact.

In einer Ausführungsform des Verfahrens gehört zu der mechanischen Masse auf Holzgrundlage mindestens eine der folgenden Komponenten: Holzspäne, Sägemehl, Sperrholzfertigungs-Abfall. Die mechanische Masse auf Holzgrundlage kann z.B. aus Holzabfallmaterial mittels jedes beliebigen zuvor bekannten Verfahrens, z.B. durch Zerspanen, gebildet werden. Die so erzeugte Masse auf Holzgrundlage kann als Verunreinigung auch kleine Mengen von anderen Materialen enthalten, so z.B. in Abfall aus der Sperrholzherstellung vorhandene Leimstoffe u.dgl. Die Masse auf Holzgrundlage setzt sich jedoch in der Hauptsache aus Holzmaterialpartikeln zusammen, die von verschiedener Größe sein können, je nach den gewünschten Eigenschaften des Endprodukts. In einer Ausführungsform des Verfahrens besteht das Kunststoffmaterial zumimdest in der Hauptsache aus Thermokunststoff. Thermokunststoffe oder thermoplastische Kunststoffe sind solche, die erneut geschmolzen und geformt werden können. Im Verfahren können alle zum Zweck geeigneten Thermokunststoffe verwendet werden, die als passendes Bindemittel in dem Preßkörper dienen. Bei der Wahl der Kunststoffe muß auch deren Schmelztemperatur berücksichtigt werden, die nicht so hoch sein darf, daß sich das Holzmaterial in der Erhitzungsphase entzündet.In one embodiment of the method, the mechanical mass based on wood includes at least one of the following components: wood chips, sawdust, plywood production waste. The mechanical mass based on wood can e.g. from waste wood material by any previously known method, e.g. by machining. The wood-based mass produced in this way can also contain small amounts of other materials as impurities, e.g. existing glue and the like in waste from plywood production However, the wood-based mass is mainly composed of wood material particles, which can be of different sizes, depending on the desired properties of the end product. In one embodiment of the method, the plastic material at least mainly consists of thermoplastic. Thermoplastics or thermoplastics are those that can be melted and molded again. All thermoplastic materials which are suitable for the purpose and which serve as a suitable binder in the pressed body can be used in the process. When choosing the plastics, their melting temperature must also be taken into account, which must not be so high that the wood material ignites during the heating phase.

In einer Ausführungsform des Verfahrens ist das Kunststoffmaterial wenigstens in der Hauptsache zu Häcksel verarbeiteter Thermokunststoffabfall, wie z.B. Polyäthylenabfall. Vorteilhaft ist die Partikelgröße des Kunststoffmaterials der Größenordnung etwa 8 mm. Das zu Häcksel bearbeitete Kunststoffmaterial vermischt sich mit Leichtigkeit mit der mechanischen Masse auf Holzbasis und schmilzt rasch. Polyäthylenabfall ist beispielsweise aus Säcken, Tüten u.dgl. erhältlich, die aus Polyäthylenfolie hergestellt sind. Das Kunststoffmaterial kann als Verunreinigung kleine Mengen auch anderer Mischungsstoffe enthalten, so z.B. wärmegehärtote Kunststoffe, Farbstoffe o.dgl. Das im Verfahren zur Anwendung kommende Kunststoffmaterial setzt sich jedoch in der Hauptsache aus Thermokunststoff zusammen. Die Menge des Kunststoffmaterials im Verhältnis zur Menge des Materials auf Holzbasis kann man in gewünschter Weise je nach dem verwendeten Kunststoffmaterial und den erwünschten Eigenschaften des Endprodukts variieren; vorteilhaft ist jedoch der Anteil des Kunststoffmaterials etwa 10 bis 20 %.In one embodiment of the method, the plastic material is at least mainly shredded thermoplastic waste, such as polyethylene waste. The particle size of the plastic material of the order of magnitude about 8 mm is advantageous. The chopped plastic material mixes easily with the wood-based mechanical mass and melts quickly. Polyethylene waste is, for example, from sacks, bags and the like. available, which are made of polyethylene film. The plastic material can also contaminate small amounts contain other mixtures, such as thermoset plastics, dyes or the like. However, the plastic material used in the process is mainly composed of thermoplastic. The amount of plastic material in relation to the amount of wood-based material can be varied as desired depending on the plastic material used and the desired properties of the end product; however, the proportion of plastic material is advantageously about 10 to 20%.

In einer Ausführungsform wird die Gemischmasse nach erfolgtem Homogenisieren auf eine Temperatur erhitzt, die im Bereich 140-180°C liegt, vorteilhaft auf 150°C. Bei besagter Temperatur schmilzt der Thermokunststoff restlos. Die Temperatur ist indessen nicht so hoch, daß sich das Holzmaterial in dem Gemisch entzünden würde.In one embodiment, after the homogenization has taken place, the mixture is heated to a temperature which is in the range 140-180 ° C., advantageously to 150 ° C. At the said temperature, the thermoplastic melts completely. However, the temperature is not so high that the wood material in the mixture would ignite.

In einer Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird die Gemischmasse mit Hilfe von Infrarotstrahlung erhitzt. Eine Vorwärmung der mechanischen Masse auf Holzbasis und des Kunststoffmaterials vor dem endgültigen Pressen wird vorteilhaft schon beim Befördern der Gemischmasse auf einem Förderer, z.B. auf einem Bandförderer vorgenommen, wobei dann das Erhitzen des kontinuierlichen Gemischmassestroms am Vorteilhaftesten mit Hilfe von Infrarotstrahlung erfolgt.In one embodiment of the method, the mixture is heated using infrared radiation. Preheating the mechanical mass based on wood and the plastic material before the final pressing is advantageous already when conveying the mixture mass on a conveyor, e.g. carried out on a belt conveyor, the heating of the continuous mixture mass flow then taking place most advantageously with the aid of infrared radiation.

In einer Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird die Gemischmasse stufenweise erhitzt, mit Heranziehung in der Schlußerhitzung des in der Schraubenpresse von Preßdruck und Reibung hervorgerufenen Temperaturanstiegs. Das Kunststoffmaterial in der Gemischmasse schmilzt dann endgültig vorteilhaftim Bereich der Spitze in der Schraubenpresse.In one embodiment of the method, the mixture mass is heated in stages, with use in the final heating of the temperature rise caused by the pressing pressure and friction in the screw press. The plastic material in the mixture mass then advantageously melts in the area of the tip in the screw press.

In einer Ausführungsform des Verfahrens werden die Preßkörper mit Kunststoffmaterial überzogen, indem in der Presse eine Zuführvorrichtung benutzt wird, mit welcher Kunststoffmaterial auf die Oberfläche des Preßkörpers gespeist wird. Die Kunststoffschicht schützt nach Abkühlung und Erhärtung das Produkt z.B. gegen Feuchte und auch gegen mechanischen Verschleiß.In one embodiment of the method, the pressed bodies are coated with plastic material by using a feed device in the press with which plastic material is applied to the surface of the pressed body is fed. After cooling and hardening, the plastic layer protects the product, for example, against moisture and also against mechanical wear.

In einer Ausführungsform des Verfahrens findet das Pressen als kontinuierlicher Prozeß statt, und nach dem Erkalten wird der Preßkörper auf vorgegebenes Maß abgelängt.In one embodiment of the method, the pressing takes place as a continuous process, and after cooling, the pressed body is cut to a predetermined size.

In einer Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird die mechanische Masse auf Holzgrundlage zu Gemischmasse mit einem Schraubenmischer homogenisiert, in welchem die Gemischmasse vorteilhafterweise erhitzt wird.In one embodiment of the method, the mechanical mass on a wooden basis is homogenized to form a mixture mass with a screw mixer, in which the mixture mass is advantageously heated.

Das Verfahren hat den Vorzug, daß in demselben überhaupt keine kostspieligen Leimstoffe verwendet werden.The advantage of the process is that it does not use any expensive glue at all.

Es ist ein weiterer Vorzug der Erfindung, daß Preßkörper kontinuierlich in effektiver und vorteilhafter Weise hergestellt werden können.It is a further advantage of the invention that compacts can be produced continuously in an effective and advantageous manner.

Fernerhin ermöglicht die Erfindung das Herstellen von Preßkörpern aus Abfallmaterial.Furthermore, the invention enables the production of compacts from waste material.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung eingehend mit Hilfe eines Beispiels erläutert, auf das die Erfindung jedoch nicht eingeschränkt ist.The invention is explained in detail below with the aid of an example, to which the invention is not restricted, however.

In dem Beispiel wird als mechanische Masse auf Holzbasis zerspanter Sperrholzfournier-Abfall und als Kunststoffmaterial folienartiger Polyäthylenabfall verwendet. Die Herstellung von Preßkörpern aus diesen Materialen erfolgt erfindungsgemäß in einem kontinuierlichen Prozeß wie folgt.In the example, plywood veneer waste machined from wood-based mechanical mass and film-like polyethylene waste are used as plastic material. The production of compacts from these materials takes place according to the invention in a continuous process as follows.

Nach erfolgtem Zerspanen wird der Sperrholzfournier-Abfall in einem Spansilo gelagert. Die Hackspäne fließen aus dem Silo mit Hilfe eines Rüttlers durch eine als Dosierer dienende Zellradschleuse auf einen Schraubenförderer, der das Hackgut in Form eines gleichmäßigen Stroms einem Rohrtrockner zuführt.After machining, the plywood veneer waste is stored in a chip silo. The wood chips flow out of the silo with the help of a vibrator through a rotary feeder serving as a metering device onto a screw conveyor which feeds the wood chips in the form of a uniform flow to a tube dryer.

Der Rohrtrockner arbeitet gleich einem Wärmetauscher. Wasserdampf dient als wärmeabgehende Komponente, und das Holzhackgut ist die wärmeaufnehmende Komponente. Zweck der Erhitzung ist Herabsetzen und Ausgleichen des Feuchtigkeitsgehalts im Hackgut. Das Bestreben ist, den Feuchtigkeitsgehalt der Hackspäne von etwa 10 % auf etwa 3 % herabzusenken. Wasserdampf mit etwa 5 bar Druck wird der Zentralachse des Rohrtrockners rugeführt, von wo er zu den radialen Rohrplatten das Trockners und weiter zum anderen Ende des Trockners geht. Die Einführung der Späne in den Trockner erfolgt in gleicher Richtung mit dem Dampf. Die Späne bewegen sich vorwärts in den Zwischenräumen der Rohrplatten bei Rotation der Wellen und erwärmen sich auf etwa 130°C, wenn sie mit den vom Dampf erhitzten Rohren in Berührung kommen. Die warmen Späne werden vom Trockner zu einer Mischschraube befördert, wo auch das Kunststoffmaterial hinzudosiert wird. Die Temperatur des vom Trockner kommenden Spanstroms wird gemessen und der Betrag des zum Trockner gehenden Dampfstroms dementsprechend geregelt.The tube dryer works like a heat exchanger. Water vapor serves as a heat-dissipating component, and the wood chips are the heat-absorbing components Component. The purpose of the heating is to reduce and compensate for the moisture content in the wood chips. The aim is to reduce the moisture content of the chips from about 10% to about 3%. Water vapor at a pressure of about 5 bar is guided to the central axis of the tube dryer, from where it goes to the radial tube plates, the dryer and on to the other end of the dryer. The chips are introduced into the dryer in the same direction as the steam. The chips move forward in the spaces between the tube plates as the shafts rotate and heat up to about 130 ° C when they come into contact with the tubes heated by the steam. The warm chips are transported from the dryer to a mixing screw, where the plastic material is also added. The temperature of the chip stream coming from the dryer is measured and the amount of the steam stream going to the dryer is regulated accordingly.

Das Kunststoffmaterial, d.h., der folienartige Polyäthylenabfall, wird in einer Hackmaschine zu Häcksel verarbeitet. Der zerhackte Kunststoff wird pneumatisch über einen Zyklon in ein Kunststoffsilo befördert. Der Zyklon trennt die zum Transport herangezogene Trägerluft vom Kunststoff. Aus dem Silo wird das Kunststoffhäcksel mit einem Auslader auf die Mischschraube dosiert.The plastic material, i.e. the film-like polyethylene waste, is processed into choppers in a chopper. The chopped plastic is pneumatically transported to a plastic silo via a cyclone. The cyclone separates the carrier air used for transport from the plastic. The plastic chop is dosed from the silo onto the mixing screw using an unloader.

Auf der Mischschraube vermischen sich Kunststoffhäcksel und Holzspangut zu einer homogenen Gemischmasse.The plastic chop and wood chips mix on the mixing screw to form a homogeneous mixture.

Von der Mischschraube wird die Gemischmasse auf einen Bandförderer geleitet, wo der Mischmassestrom auf etwa 150°C in solcher Weise erhitzt wird, daß zumindest ein Teil des Kunststoffmaterials schmilzt. Das Wärmen erfolgt mittels über dem Band installierter Infrarotwärmer.The mixture is passed from the mixing screw to a belt conveyor, where the mixture flow is heated to approximately 150 ° C. in such a way that at least part of the plastic material melts. The heating takes place by means of infrared heaters installed over the belt.

Die erwärmte Gemischmasse wird vom Förderband in eine Schraubenpresse abgeschabt, wo die heiße Gemischmasse gepreßt wird und die Temperatur bei steigendem Druck weiter ansteigt, wobei dann alles Kunststoffmaterial im Spitzenbereich der Schraubenpresse schmilzt, damit Bindemittel ergebend. Die Schraubenpresse drückt die Masse durch eine passend geformte Düse hindurch zu einem stangenartigen Preßkörper. Nach der Düse nachfolgend wird die Stange gekühlt, indem sie in ein mit Wassermantel umgebenes Stahlrohr hineingeleitet wird, oder sie wird durch Beblasen mit Luft gekühlt. Bei der Abkühlung der Preßkörperstange härtet sich deren Oberfläche, wobei sie in Stücke mit gewünschter Länge geschnitten werden kann.The heated mixture mass is scraped off the conveyor belt into a screw press, where the hot mixture mass is pressed and the temperature rises further with increasing pressure, in which case all plastic material melts in the tip region of the screw press, thus resulting in binders. The screw press presses the mass through a suitably shaped nozzle into a rod-like pressed body. After the nozzle downstream, the rod is cooled by passing it into a steel tube surrounded by a water jacket, or it is cooled by air blowing. When the pressing rod cools down, its surface hardens, whereby it can be cut into pieces of the desired length.

Die Erfindung wird nicht lediglich auf das vorstehende Ausführungsbeispiel eingeschränkt; vielmehr sind zahlreiche Abwandlungen denkbar, insofern man sich im Rahmen des Erfindungsgedankens hält, den die Patentansprüche definieren.The invention is not restricted to the above exemplary embodiment; rather, numerous modifications are conceivable insofar as one adheres to the inventive concept defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

Ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Preßkörpern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mechanische Masse auf Holzbasis, vorteilhaft zerspante Holzmasse, zwecks Herabsetzung des Feuchtigkeitsgehalts erhitzt wird; dazu Kunststoffmaterial, vorteilhaft Polyäthylen, hinzugegeben wird; das Gemisch aus mechanischer Masse auf Holzbasis und aus Kunststoffmaterial mit einem Schraubenmischer zu einer homogenen Gemischmasse vermischt wird, die Gemischmasse so erhitzt wird, daß zumindest ein Teil des Kunststoffmaterials in die mechanische Masse auf Holzbasis hinein schmilzt; die homogenisierte heiße Mischmasse kontinuierlich mit einer Schraubenpresse durch eine Düse hindurch zu gewünschter Form gepreßt wird; und gekühlt wird, wobei das Kunststoffmaterial die Bestandteile der mechanischen Masse auf Holzbasis zu einem festen Preßkörper zusammenbindet.A process for the production of compacts, characterized in that mechanical mass based on wood, advantageously machined wood mass, is heated in order to reduce the moisture content; plastic material, advantageously polyethylene, is added; the mixture of mechanical mass based on wood and plastic material is mixed with a screw mixer to a homogeneous mixture mass, the mixture mass is heated so that at least a part of the plastic material melts into the mechanical mass based on wood; the homogenized hot mixed mass is continuously pressed with a screw press through a nozzle into the desired shape; and cooled, wherein the plastic material binds the components of the mechanical mass based on wood into a solid pressed body. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zu der mechanischen Masse auf Holzbasis mindestens eine der folgenden Komponenten gehört: Holzhackgut, Sägemehl, Abfall von der Sperrholzherstellung.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical mass based on wood includes at least one of the following components: wood chips, sawdust, waste from plywood production. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kunststoffmaterial zumindest in der Hauptsache Thermokunststoff ist.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plastic material is at least mainly thermoplastic. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1-3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kunststoffmaterial zumindest in der Hauptsache zu Häcksel verarbeiteter Thermokunststoffabfall, wie z.B. Polyäthylenabfall, ist.A method according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the plastic material is shredded thermoplastic waste, e.g. Polyethylene waste, is. Verfahren gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1-4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gemischmasse nach erfolgtem Homogenisieren auf eine Temperatur erhitzt wird, die im Bereich von 140 bis 180°C liegt, vorteilhalt auf 150°C.Process according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, after homogenization has taken place, the mixture is heated to a temperature which is in the range from 140 to 180 ° C, advantageously at 150 ° C. Verfahren gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1-5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mischmasse mit Hilfe von Infrarotstrahlung erhitzt wird.Method according to any of the claims 1-5, characterized in that the mixed mass is heated with the aid of infrared radiation. Verfahren gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1-4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gemischmasse stufenweise erhitzt wird, mit Heranziehung in der Schlußerhitzung des in der Schraubenpresse von Preßdruck und Reibung bewirkten Temperaturanstiegs.Method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the mixture mass is gradually heated, with use in the final heating of the temperature rise caused by the pressing pressure and friction in the screw press. Verfahren gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1-7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Preßkörper mit Kunststoffmaterial überzogen werden unter Verwendung in der Presse einer Zuführvorrichtung, mittels welcher Kunststoffmaterial auf die Oberfläche des Preßkörpers gegeben wird.Method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the compacts are coated with plastic material using in the press a feeding device by means of which plastics material is applied to the surface of the compact. Verfahren gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1-8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Pressen in einem kontinuierlichen Prozeß erfolgt, und daß nach Abkühlung der Preßkörper auf vorgegebenes Maß abgelängt wird.Method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the pressing takes place in a continuous process and that after cooling the compact is cut to a predetermined size. Verfahren gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1-9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mechanische Masse auf Holzbasis zu Gemischmasse mit einem Schraubenmischer vermischt wird, in dem Die Gemischmasse vorteilhafterweise erhitzt wird.Method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the mechanical wood-based mass is mixed into a mixture mass with a screw mixer, in which the mixture mass is advantageously heated.
EP90850399A 1989-06-08 1990-12-07 Method for the production of press-formed objects Withdrawn EP0490017A1 (en)

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FI892833A FI892833A (en) 1989-06-08 1989-06-08 FOERFARANDE FOER TILLVERKNING AV PRESSTYCKEN.

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DE10330755B4 (en) * 2003-07-07 2005-11-03 Jupiter Gmbh Molded part of wood-based material and method of manufacture
DE10334934B4 (en) * 2003-07-31 2008-06-05 Cvp Clean Value Plastics Gmbh Plate-shaped element for covering roofs or facades and method of manufacture
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EP1066936A1 (en) * 1999-07-07 2001-01-10 KMS GmbH Compression moulding process and installation for processing scrap wood into three-dimensional articles
US7124970B2 (en) 2001-06-25 2006-10-24 Conenor Oy Method and apparatus for processing various materials

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DE4018433A1 (en) 1990-12-13
FI892833A (en) 1990-12-09
SE9002036L (en) 1990-12-09
FI892833A0 (en) 1989-06-08
SE9002036D0 (en) 1990-06-07

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