EP0717179A1 - Air gap insulation exhaust manifold - Google Patents

Air gap insulation exhaust manifold Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0717179A1
EP0717179A1 EP95118922A EP95118922A EP0717179A1 EP 0717179 A1 EP0717179 A1 EP 0717179A1 EP 95118922 A EP95118922 A EP 95118922A EP 95118922 A EP95118922 A EP 95118922A EP 0717179 A1 EP0717179 A1 EP 0717179A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust manifold
inner tube
tube
manifold according
outer tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95118922A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0717179B1 (en
Inventor
Oliver Kovar
Thomas Nording
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Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
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J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0717179A1 publication Critical patent/EP0717179A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/102—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F01N13/141—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1883—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly manufactured by hydroforming
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1888—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the housing of the assembly consisting of two or more parts, e.g. two half-shells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air-gap-insulated exhaust manifold with an outlet opening at the end, manifold and side inlet openings, the outer tube and inner tube being sheet metal parts.
  • Air-gap-insulated, double-walled exhaust manifolds are increasingly used, in particular, in exhaust systems of motor vehicles, which, together with other air-gap-insulated double-walled exhaust pipes, ensure optimal operation of a downstream exhaust gas detoxification device (catalytic converter). They bring about a reduction in the heat emission of the exhaust gas to the surroundings, so that the exhaust gas flows into the exhaust gas detoxification device at a higher temperature than in the case of single-walled elbows and exhaust pipes. This is particularly important during the warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine because the catalytic converter then quickly reaches its working temperature.
  • a downstream exhaust gas detoxification device catalytic converter
  • Known double-walled exhaust manifolds provide an outer tube and a one- or multi-piece inner tube, which are sheet metal parts in half-shell construction. After the sheet metal forming process, the semi-finished products are assembled and the outer half-shells of the outer tube are welded together. Such a manufacturing process is comparatively complex and requires many individual parts with increased material costs.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an air-gap-insulated exhaust manifold of the type mentioned at the outset, which is very simple and, in particular, saves material and is nevertheless fully functional without restrictions.
  • the essence of the invention is to design the gas-carrying inner tube only in the area of the manifold, gas-carrying outer tube sections being provided in the area of the inlet openings.
  • the invention therefore provides a double-walled exhaust manifold only in partial areas, specifically at those locations which are subject to high thermal stresses during operation of an internal combustion engine.
  • the thermally highly stressed zones of an exhaust manifold are, in particular, the outside, which is opposite the side inlet openings of the exhaust manifold, and generally the manifold of the exhaust manifold itself, since the throughput there is significantly greater than in the individual tubes which are fastened to the cylinder head flange of an internal combustion engine.
  • the individual pipes downstream of the cylinder head are therefore less thermally stressed.
  • the inner tube is manufactured using a hydrostatic forming process.
  • the one-part or multi-part inner tube is produced from circumferentially closed tube pieces, which are preferably rectilinear.
  • a piece of pipe is placed in a two-part calibration mold, the interior of which is the target contour of the finished inner pipe.
  • Both pipe ends are closed pressure-tight by sealing mandrels, at least one sealing mandrel being connected to a pressure source.
  • the pressure source exerts a very high pressure inside the inner tube through a liquid pressure medium, in particular a water emulsion, which deforms in accordance with the calibration form.
  • the use of the aforementioned high-pressure method for deforming the inner tube is particularly suitable because the inner tubes according to the invention have comparatively short branches which point in the direction of the inlet openings of the exhaust manifold. Little pipe material has to be deformed, so that the wall thickness of the inner pipe can be selected to be very thin even in the semifinished product.
  • the technique of internal high pressure deformation has its limits in the height of the dome and in the direction of the dome, which can be pulled out of the pipe as branches. In the case of exhaust manifolds, these branches are generally acute-angled for reasons of flow, an unfavorable requirement with regard to the achievable dome height. In principle, a large required dome height also requires a large wall thickness of the starting material, which is not the case with the invention. Due to the shorter dome height, an acute-angled pipe routing can be achieved much better in the invention. This creates a more streamlined exhaust system that further optimizes the engine management.
  • an air-gap-insulated exhaust manifold 1 is provided, which is flanged to the side of a cylinder head, not shown, of an internal combustion engine. It has three inlet openings 4, through which exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine reaches a central outlet opening 2 via a manifold 3.
  • the outlet opening 2 is connected via a connecting pipe to a catalytic converter and a downstream silencer system of a motor vehicle.
  • the exhaust manifold 1 comprises in particular an outer tube 5 consisting of two half-shells. In Fig. 1, only the lower half-shell is shown schematically.
  • the exhaust manifold 1 has an inner pipe 6 consisting of two pipe sections 7 and 8, which are largely configured identically, in particular with regard to the two pipe branches 9 of each pipe section 7 and 8, which point in the direction of two cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
  • Each tube section 7, 8 is made from a straight, one-piece tube as a semi-finished product, specifically by an internal high-pressure deformation process. A favorable dome height is determined in the experiment. The outer insulating half-shells of the outer tube 5 are then shaped in accordance with this dome height of the pipe branches 9.
  • the pipe branches 9 are comparatively short.
  • the arrangement is such that the gas-carrying inner tube is formed only in the area of the manifold 3, gas-carrying outer tube sections being provided in the area of the three inlet openings 4 and the outlet opening 2.
  • the double-walled design of the exhaust manifold is therefore only provided in the central area of the manifold 3, but only a single-walled gas flow in the area of the individual pipes. This results in an inexpensive design of an air-gap-insulated exhaust manifold. Nevertheless, the thermally highly stressed zones of the exhaust manifold are double-walled.
  • the short pipe branches 9 of each inner pipe section 7, 8 have a low dome height. Accordingly, little material of the inner tube 6 has to be deformed in an internal high-pressure process, so that the semifinished product of a straight tube can be made very thin-walled.
  • the prefabricated pipe sections 7, 8 of the inner pipe 6 are first inserted into one another at their connecting point 11 and inserted together in the lower half-shell of the outer pipe 5 in a snug fit.
  • the pipe branches 9 and the left pipe opening 12 of the pipe section 7 according to FIG. 1 and the pipe end at the outlet opening 2 are guided in a form-fitting manner in the outer pipe 5.
  • connection point 11 there are flat local spacing arrangements in the form of impressions between the outer tube 5 and the inner tube 6, which are either attached to the outer tube 5 or to the inner tube 6 or are an integral part of these parts.
  • the spacing arrangements can also be designed as a wire mesh molded part.
  • the pipe sections 7, 8 of the inner pipe 6 can also be fixed by welding in the dome area of the pipe branches 9.
  • the arrangement is such that the inner tube 6 is fundamentally displaceable with respect to the outer tube 5 in order to compensate for different thermal expansions between the inner tube and the outer tube.
  • FIG. 2 of an air-gap-insulated exhaust manifold 1 provides separate pipe sections 20 as gas-carrying outer tube sections, which according to FIG. Fig. 1 are longer and firmly attached to the base body of the outer tube.
  • by using such separate pipe pieces 20 it is possible to adapt their length to the respective structural requirements, i.e. With one and the same (compact) outer tube / inner tube arrangement according to the invention, different tube pieces 20 can be combined in a modular manner.

Abstract

The manifold (1) is made from sheet metal inner (6) and outer (5) tubing, and has an outlet opening (2) at one end, and lateral inlet openings (4). Exhaust gases are guided by inner tubing only in the regions where they combine with flows from other inlets, and in the region of a single inlet opening are guided only by outer tubing. The inner tubing may be assembled from segments, and these may also have thin walls, in order for their reduced heat capacity to assist with the rapid warming of downstream emission control equipment. It may also be made using a hydrostatic deformation process.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen luftspaltisolierten Abgaskrümmer mit endseitiger Auslaßöffnung, Sammelleitung und seitlichen Einlaßöffnungen, wobei Außenrohr und Innenrohr Blechformteile sind.The invention relates to an air-gap-insulated exhaust manifold with an outlet opening at the end, manifold and side inlet openings, the outer tube and inner tube being sheet metal parts.

Luftspaltisolierte, doppelwandige Abgaskrümmer finden insbesondere bei Abgasanlagen von Kraftfahrzeugen zunehmend Verwendung, die zusammen mit anderen luftspaltisolierten doppelwandigen Abgasrohren für einen optimalen Betrieb einer nachgeordneten Abgasentgiftungseinrichtung (Katalysator) sorgen. Sie bewirken eine Verringerung der Wärmeabgabe des Abgases an die Umgebung, so daß das Abgas mit höherer Temperatur als bei einfachwandigen Krümmern und Abgasrohren der Abgasentgiftungseinrichtung zuströmt. Dies ist insbesondere während der Warmlaufphase des Verbrennungsmotors von Bedeutung, weil der Katalysator dann rasch seine Arbeitstemperatur erreicht.Air-gap-insulated, double-walled exhaust manifolds are increasingly used, in particular, in exhaust systems of motor vehicles, which, together with other air-gap-insulated double-walled exhaust pipes, ensure optimal operation of a downstream exhaust gas detoxification device (catalytic converter). They bring about a reduction in the heat emission of the exhaust gas to the surroundings, so that the exhaust gas flows into the exhaust gas detoxification device at a higher temperature than in the case of single-walled elbows and exhaust pipes. This is particularly important during the warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine because the catalytic converter then quickly reaches its working temperature.

Bekannte doppelwandige Abgaskrümmer sehen ein Außenrohr und ein ein- oder mehrstuckiges Innenrohr vor, welches Blechformteile in Halbschalenkonstruktion sind. Nach dem Blechumformungsvorgang werden die Halbzeuge zusammengesetzt und die äußeren Halbschalen des Außenrohrs miteinander verschweißt. Ein derartiger Fertigungsvorgang ist vergleichsweise aufwendig und verlangt viele Einzelteile bei erhöhtem Materialaufwand.Known double-walled exhaust manifolds provide an outer tube and a one- or multi-piece inner tube, which are sheet metal parts in half-shell construction. After the sheet metal forming process, the semi-finished products are assembled and the outer half-shells of the outer tube are welded together. Such a manufacturing process is comparatively complex and requires many individual parts with increased material costs.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Schaffung eines luftspaltisolierten Abgaskrümmers der eingangs genannten Art, der sehr einfach und insbesondere materialsparend aufgebaut ist und gleichwohl uneingeschränkt voll funktionsfähig ist.The object of the invention is to provide an air-gap-insulated exhaust manifold of the type mentioned at the outset, which is very simple and, in particular, saves material and is nevertheless fully functional without restrictions.

Gelöst wird die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe durch einen Abgaskrümmer der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Art.The object on which the invention is based is achieved by an exhaust manifold of the type specified in claim 1.

Vorteilhaft weitergebildet wird der Abgaskrümmer nach den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 2 bis 12.The exhaust manifold is advantageously further developed according to the features of claims 2 to 12.

Wesen der Erfindung ist, das gasführende Innenrohr nur im Bereich der Sammelleitung auszubilden, wobei gasführende Außenrohrabschnitte im Bereich der Einlaßöffnungen vorgesehen sind.The essence of the invention is to design the gas-carrying inner tube only in the area of the manifold, gas-carrying outer tube sections being provided in the area of the inlet openings.

Die Erfindung sieht mithin einen doppelwandigen Abgaskrümmer nur in Teilbereichen vor, und zwar an denjenigen Stellen, die während eines Betriebs eines Verbrennungsmotors thermisch hochbelastet sind. Die thermisch hochbelasteten Zonen eines Abgaskrümmers sind insbesondere die Außenseite, welche den seitlichen Einlaßöffnungen des Abgaskrümmers entgegengesetzt ist, und generell die Sammelleitung des Abgaskrümmers selbst, da dort der Durchsatz wesentlich größer ist als in den Einzelrohren, welche an dem Zylinderkopfflansch eines Verbrennungsmotors befestigt sind. Die dem Zylinderkopf nachgeordneten Einzelrohre sind also thermisch weniger stark belastet.The invention therefore provides a double-walled exhaust manifold only in partial areas, specifically at those locations which are subject to high thermal stresses during operation of an internal combustion engine. The thermally highly stressed zones of an exhaust manifold are, in particular, the outside, which is opposite the side inlet openings of the exhaust manifold, and generally the manifold of the exhaust manifold itself, since the throughput there is significantly greater than in the individual tubes which are fastened to the cylinder head flange of an internal combustion engine. The individual pipes downstream of the cylinder head are therefore less thermally stressed.

Ersichtlich kann durch die nur teilweise Ausbildung eines doppelwandigen Abgaskrümmers Material in erheblichem Umfang eingespart werden. Außerdem können die thermisch hochbelasteten Zonen des Innenrohres sehr dünnwandig ausgebildet werden, welche sich am Außenrohr abstützen. Dadurch entsteht wenig "thermische Masse", welche im Betrieb insbesondere in der Warmlaufphase eines Motors von Vorteil ist. Bei einem Kaltstart werden mithin die Abgase schnell und sehr heiß zu einem Katalysator geführt. Ein geringer Materialeinsatz bringt mithin nicht nur Kostenvorteile, sondern sorgt auch für ein geringes Gesamtgewicht eines Abgaskrümmers.Obviously, material can be saved to a considerable extent by the partial construction of a double-walled exhaust manifold. In addition, the thermally highly stressed zones of the inner tube can be made very thin-walled, which are supported on the outer tube. This creates little "thermal mass", which is particularly advantageous during operation, especially in the warm-up phase of an engine. On a cold start, the exhaust gases are quickly and very hot to a catalyst. A low use of materials therefore not only brings cost advantages, but also ensures a low overall weight of an exhaust manifold.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das Innenrohr nach einem hydrostatischen Umformverfahren gefertigt ist. Bei einem derartigen Verfahren werden das ein- oder mehrteilige Innenrohr aus umfangsmäßig geschlossenen Rohrstücken hergestellt, die vorzugsweise geradlinig sind. Hierbei wird ein Rohrstück in eine zweiteilige Kalibrierform gelegt, deren Innenraum der Sollkontur des endgefertigten Innenrohres ist. Beide Rohrenden werden druckdicht durch Dichtdorne verschlossen, wobei zumindest ein Dichtdorn mit einer Druckquelle in Verbindung steht. Durch die Druckquelle wird durch ein flüssiges Druckmittel, insbesondere eine Wasseremulsion, sehr hoher Druck im Innern des Innenrohres ausgeübt, welches sich entsprechend der Kalibrierform verformt.It is particularly advantageous if the inner tube is manufactured using a hydrostatic forming process. In such a method, the one-part or multi-part inner tube is produced from circumferentially closed tube pieces, which are preferably rectilinear. Here, a piece of pipe is placed in a two-part calibration mold, the interior of which is the target contour of the finished inner pipe. Both pipe ends are closed pressure-tight by sealing mandrels, at least one sealing mandrel being connected to a pressure source. The pressure source exerts a very high pressure inside the inner tube through a liquid pressure medium, in particular a water emulsion, which deforms in accordance with the calibration form.

Die Anwendung eines vorgenannten Innenhochdruckverfahrens für eine Verformung des Innenrohrs ist deshalb besonders geeignet, da die Innenrohre gemäß der Erfindung vergleichsweise kurze Abzweige hat, welche in Richtung der Einlaßöffnungen des Abgaskrümmers weisen. Es muß wenig Rohrmaterial verformt werden, so daß die Wandstärke des Innenrohres schon beim Halbzeug sehr dünn gewählt werden kann. Die Technik einer Innenhochdruckverformung hat nämlich ihre Grenzen in der Domhöhe und in der Richtung der Dome, die als Abzweige aus dem Rohr gezogen werden können. Bei Abgaskrümmern sind diese Abzweige in der Regel aus Gründen der Strömungsführung spitzwinklig, eine ungünstige Voraussetzung bezüglich der erreichbaren Domhöhe. Eine große geforderte Domhöhe bedingt prinzipiell auch eine große Wandstärke des Ausgangsmaterials, was bei der Erfindung gerade nicht der Fall ist. Durch die kürzere Domhöhe kann bei der Erfindung wesentlich besser eine spitzwinklige Rohrführung erzielt werden. Dadurch entsteht eine strömungsgünstigere Abgasführung, welche die Motorleitsung weiter opimiert.The use of the aforementioned high-pressure method for deforming the inner tube is particularly suitable because the inner tubes according to the invention have comparatively short branches which point in the direction of the inlet openings of the exhaust manifold. Little pipe material has to be deformed, so that the wall thickness of the inner pipe can be selected to be very thin even in the semifinished product. The technique of internal high pressure deformation has its limits in the height of the dome and in the direction of the dome, which can be pulled out of the pipe as branches. In the case of exhaust manifolds, these branches are generally acute-angled for reasons of flow, an unfavorable requirement with regard to the achievable dome height. In principle, a large required dome height also requires a large wall thickness of the starting material, which is not the case with the invention. Due to the shorter dome height, an acute-angled pipe routing can be achieved much better in the invention. This creates a more streamlined exhaust system that further optimizes the engine management.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügte Zeichnung näher beschrieben; es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen luftspaltisolierten Abgaskrümmer in schematischer aufgeschnittener Draufsicht, und
Fig. 2
einen luftspaltisolierten Abgaskrümmer ähnlich Fig. 1 in anderer Ausführungsvariante.
The invention is described below using exemplary embodiments described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing; show it:
Fig. 1
an air gap insulated exhaust manifold in a schematic cutaway plan view, and
Fig. 2
an air gap insulated exhaust manifold similar to FIG. 1 in another embodiment.

Gemäß Fig. 1 ist ein luftspaltisolierter Abgaskrümmer 1 vorgesehen, welcher seitlich an einem nicht veranschaulichten Zylinderkopf eines Verbrennungsmotors angeflanscht ist. Er besitzt drei Einlaßöffnungen 4, durch welche Abgas eines Verbrennungsmotors über eine Sammelleitung 3 zu einer zentralen Auslaßöffnung 2 gelangt. Die Auslaßöffnung 2 ist über ein Verbindungsrohr mit einem Katalysator und einer nachgeordneten Schalldämpferanlage eines Kraftfahrzeugs verbunden.1, an air-gap-insulated exhaust manifold 1 is provided, which is flanged to the side of a cylinder head, not shown, of an internal combustion engine. It has three inlet openings 4, through which exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine reaches a central outlet opening 2 via a manifold 3. The outlet opening 2 is connected via a connecting pipe to a catalytic converter and a downstream silencer system of a motor vehicle.

Der Abgaskrümmer 1 umfaßt insbesondere ein Außenrohr 5 bestehend aus zwei Halbschalen. In Fig. 1 ist lediglich die untere Halbschale schematisch dargestellt.The exhaust manifold 1 comprises in particular an outer tube 5 consisting of two half-shells. In Fig. 1, only the lower half-shell is shown schematically.

Ferner besitzt der Abgaskrümmer 1 ein Innenrohr 6 bestehend aus zwei Rohrabschnitten 7 und 8, welche großenteils gleich konfiguriert sind, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die beiden Rohrabzweige 9 eines jeden Rohrabschnitts 7 und 8, welche in Richtung zweier Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors weisen.Furthermore, the exhaust manifold 1 has an inner pipe 6 consisting of two pipe sections 7 and 8, which are largely configured identically, in particular with regard to the two pipe branches 9 of each pipe section 7 and 8, which point in the direction of two cylinders of the internal combustion engine.

Jeder Rohrabschnitt 7, 8 wird aus einem geradlinigen einstückigen Rohr als Halbzeug hergestellt, und zwar nach einem Innenhochdruckverformungsverfahren. Dabei wird im Versuch eine günstige Domhöhe ermittelt. Entsprechend dieser Domhöhe der Rohrabzweige 9 erfolgt dann die Formgebung der äußeren Isolierhalbschalen des Außenrohrs 5.Each tube section 7, 8 is made from a straight, one-piece tube as a semi-finished product, specifically by an internal high-pressure deformation process. A favorable dome height is determined in the experiment. The outer insulating half-shells of the outer tube 5 are then shaped in accordance with this dome height of the pipe branches 9.

Die Rohrabzweige 9 sind vergleichsweise kurz. Die Anordnung ist so getroffen, daß das gasführende Innenrohr nur im Bereich der Sammelleitung 3 ausgebildet ist, wobei gasführende Außenrohrabschnitte im Bereich der drei Einlaßöffnungen 4 und der Auslaßöffnung 2 vorgesehen sind. Mithin ist die Doppelwandigkeit des Abgaskrümmers nur im zentralen Bereich der Sammelleitung 3 vorgesehen, im Bereich der Einzelrohre jedoch nur eine einwandige Gasführung. Dadurch ergibt sich eine kostengünstige Ausführung eines luftspaltisolierten Abgaskrümmers. Gleichwohl sind die thermisch hochbelasteten Zonen des Abgaskrümmers doppelwandig ausgebildet. Die kurzen Rohrabzweige 9 eines jeden Innenrohrabschnitts 7, 8 haben eine geringe Domhöhe. Mithin muß auch wenig Material des Innenrohres 6 bei einem Innenhochdruckverfahren umverformt werden, so daß bereits das Halbzeug eines geradlinigen Rohrs sehr dünnwandig ausgebildet sein kann.The pipe branches 9 are comparatively short. The arrangement is such that the gas-carrying inner tube is formed only in the area of the manifold 3, gas-carrying outer tube sections being provided in the area of the three inlet openings 4 and the outlet opening 2. The double-walled design of the exhaust manifold is therefore only provided in the central area of the manifold 3, but only a single-walled gas flow in the area of the individual pipes. This results in an inexpensive design of an air-gap-insulated exhaust manifold. Nevertheless, the thermally highly stressed zones of the exhaust manifold are double-walled. The short pipe branches 9 of each inner pipe section 7, 8 have a low dome height. Accordingly, little material of the inner tube 6 has to be deformed in an internal high-pressure process, so that the semifinished product of a straight tube can be made very thin-walled.

Für eine Montage werden zuerst die vorgefertigten Rohrabschnitte 7, 8 des Innenrohres 6 an ihrer Verbindungsstelle 11 formschlüssig ineinandergesteckt und zusammen in die untere Halbschale des Außenrohrs 5 in einem Paßsitz eingelegt. Hierbei sind die Rohrabzweige 9 und die gemäß Fig.1 linke Rohröffnung 12 des Rohrabschnitts 7 sowie das Rohrende bei der Auslaßsöffnung 2 formschlüssig im Außenrohr 5 geführt.For assembly, the prefabricated pipe sections 7, 8 of the inner pipe 6 are first inserted into one another at their connecting point 11 and inserted together in the lower half-shell of the outer pipe 5 in a snug fit. Here, the pipe branches 9 and the left pipe opening 12 of the pipe section 7 according to FIG. 1 and the pipe end at the outlet opening 2 are guided in a form-fitting manner in the outer pipe 5.

Im Bereich der Verbindungsstelle 11 befinden sich zwischen Außenrohr 5 und Innenrohr 6 flächige lokale Distanzanordnungen in Form von Einprägungen, welche entweder am Außenrohr 5 oder am Innenrohr 6 befestigt oder integrierter Bestandteil dieser Teile sind. Die Distanzanordnungen können auch als Drahtgeflecht-Formteil ausgebildet sein.In the area of the connection point 11 there are flat local spacing arrangements in the form of impressions between the outer tube 5 and the inner tube 6, which are either attached to the outer tube 5 or to the inner tube 6 or are an integral part of these parts. The spacing arrangements can also be designed as a wire mesh molded part.

Die Rohrabschnitte 7, 8 des Innenrohrs 6 können auch durch Schweißung im Dombereich der Rohrabzweige 9 fixiert sein.The pipe sections 7, 8 of the inner pipe 6 can also be fixed by welding in the dome area of the pipe branches 9.

Die Anordnung ist so getroffen, daß das Innenrohr 6 grundsätzlich bezüglich des Außenrohres 5 verschieblich geführt ist, um unterschiedliche Wärmedehnungen zwischen Innenrohr und Außenrohr auszugleichen.The arrangement is such that the inner tube 6 is fundamentally displaceable with respect to the outer tube 5 in order to compensate for different thermal expansions between the inner tube and the outer tube.

Die in Fig. 2 veranschaulichte Ausführungsvariante eines luftspaltisolierten Abgaskrümmers 1 sieht als gasführende Außenrohrabschnitte separate Rohrstücke 20 vor, welche bezüglich der Rohrabschnitte der erstgenannten Ausführungsvariante gem. Fig. 1 länger und fest mit dem Grundkörper des Außenrohrs befestigt sind. Hierdurch ergeben sich folgende Vorteiloe: Zum einen ist man nicht gezwungen, die gasführenden Außenrohrabschnitte im Bereich der Einlaßöffnungen tatsächlich bis zum Motor-Anschlußflansch zu führen. Zum anderen ist es durch Anwendung derartiger separater Rohrstücke 20 möglich, diese in ihrer Länge den jeweiligen baulichen Erfordernissen anzupassen, d.h. mit ein und derselben (kompakten) Außenrohr/Innenrohr-Anordnung nach der Erfindung sind unterschiedliche Rohrstücke 20 baukastenartig kombinierbar.The embodiment variant illustrated in FIG. 2 of an air-gap-insulated exhaust manifold 1 provides separate pipe sections 20 as gas-carrying outer tube sections, which according to FIG. Fig. 1 are longer and firmly attached to the base body of the outer tube. This results in the following advantages: On the one hand, one is not forced to actually lead the gas-carrying outer tube sections in the area of the inlet openings to the motor connection flange. On the other hand, by using such separate pipe pieces 20, it is possible to adapt their length to the respective structural requirements, i.e. With one and the same (compact) outer tube / inner tube arrangement according to the invention, different tube pieces 20 can be combined in a modular manner.

Es sei noch angemerkt, daß in den Unteransprüchen enthaltene selbständig schutzfähige Merkmale trotz der vorgenommenen formalen Rückbeziehung auf den Hauptanspruch entsprechenden eigenständigen Schutz haben sollen. Im übrigen fallen sämtliche in den gesamten Anmeldungsunterlagen enthaltenen erfinderischen Merkmale in den Schutzumfang der Erfindung.It should also be noted that, despite the formal reference back to the main claim, the independently protectable features contained in the subclaims should have appropriate independent protection. For the rest, all inventive features contained in the entire application documents fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (12)

Luftspaltisolierter Abgaskrümmer (1), mit endseitiger Auslaßöffnung (2), Sammelleitung (3) und seitlichen Einlaßöffnungen (4), wobei Außenrohr (5) und Innenrohr (6) Blechformteile sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das gasführende Innenrohr (6) nur im Bereich der Sammelleitung (4) ausgebildet ist, wobei gasführende Außenrohrabschnitte im Bereich der Einlaßöffnungen (4) vorgesehen sind.Air-gap-insulated exhaust manifold (1), with an outlet opening (2) at the end, manifold (3) and side inlet openings (4), the outer tube (5) and inner tube (6) being sheet metal parts,
characterized,
that the gas-carrying inner tube (6) is formed only in the area of the manifold (4), gas-carrying outer tube sections being provided in the area of the inlet openings (4). Abgaskrümmer nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Innenrohr (6) aus Teilstücken zusammengesetzt ist.Exhaust manifold according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the inner tube (6) is composed of sections. Abgaskrümmer nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Innenrohr (6) dünnwandig ausgebildet ist.Exhaust manifold according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the inner tube (6) is thin-walled. Abgaskrümmer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Innenrohr (6) nach einem hydrostatischen Umformverfahren gefertigt ist.Exhaust manifold according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the inner tube (6) is made by a hydrostatic forming process. Abgaskrümmer nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Innenrohr (6) einstückige Rohrabschnitte (7, 8) mit zumindest einem Rohrabzweig (9) umfaßt, welcher in Richtung Einlaßöffnung (4) weist.Exhaust manifold according to claim 4,
characterized,
that the inner tube (6) comprises one-piece tube sections (7, 8) with at least one tube branch (9) which points in the direction of the inlet opening (4). Abgaskrümmer nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß jeder Rohrabzweig (9) in einem Paßsitz im Außenrohr (5) gelagert ist.Exhaust manifold according to claim 5,
characterized,
that each pipe branch (9) is mounted in a snug fit in the outer pipe (5). Abgaskrümmer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Innenrohr (6) in einem Verschiebesitz im Außenrohr (5) gelagert ist.Exhaust manifold according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
that the inner tube (6) is mounted in a sliding seat in the outer tube (5). Abgaskrümmer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zwischen Außenrohr (5) und Innenrohr (6) flächige örtliche Distanzanordnungen (10) angeordnet sind.Exhaust manifold according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that between the outer tube (5) and inner tube (6) flat local spacing arrangements (10) are arranged. Abgaskrümmer nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Distanzanordnungen (10) Einprägungen des Außenrohres (5) oder des Innenrohres (6) sind.Exhaust manifold according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the spacer assemblies (10) are impressions of the outer tube (5) or the inner tube (6). Abgaskrümmer nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Distanzanordnungen (10) als Drahtgeflechtformteil ausgebildet sind.Exhaust manifold according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the spacer assemblies (10) are designed as a wire mesh molding. Abgaskrümmer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das ein- oder mehrstückige Innenrohr (6) an zumindest einer Stelle bezüglich des Außenrohrs (5) fixiert, insbesondere verschweißt ist.Exhaust manifold according to one of claims 1 to 10,
characterized,
that the one-piece or multi-piece inner tube (6) is fixed, in particular welded, at least at one point with respect to the outer tube (5). Abgaskrümmer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die gasführenden Außenrohrabschnitte separate Rohrstücke (20) sind (Fig. 2).Exhaust manifold according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized,
that the gas-carrying outer tube sections are separate tube pieces (20) (Fig. 2).
EP95118922A 1994-12-16 1995-12-01 Air gap insulation exhaust manifold Expired - Lifetime EP0717179B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4444760A DE4444760C2 (en) 1994-12-16 1994-12-16 Air gap insulated exhaust manifold
DE4444760 1994-12-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0717179A1 true EP0717179A1 (en) 1996-06-19
EP0717179B1 EP0717179B1 (en) 2000-03-22

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Family Applications (1)

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EP (1) EP0717179B1 (en)
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Cited By (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0933509A1 (en) * 1998-01-29 1999-08-04 Benteler Ag Exhaust manifold
EP0919703A3 (en) * 1997-11-28 2003-03-12 DaimlerChrysler AG Method of making an air gap isolated exhaust manifold for a vehicle
EP0955453A3 (en) * 1998-05-05 2003-05-21 Friedrich Boysen GmbH & Co. KG Exhaust manifold
EP1359294A1 (en) 2002-04-30 2003-11-05 Zeuna-Stärker Gmbh & Co Kg Double shell, air insulated exhaust gas junction and method for its production
EP1367234A1 (en) * 2002-05-28 2003-12-03 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Double wall exhaust pipe with flange
EP2333265A1 (en) * 2009-12-14 2011-06-15 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Exhaust manifold with guide plate
DE10261879B4 (en) * 2002-12-20 2012-09-27 Volkswagen Ag Exhaust manifold

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DE19857445B4 (en) * 1998-12-12 2009-05-20 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing an air gap-insulated exhaust pipe
DE19923557B4 (en) 1999-05-21 2006-07-13 Daimlerchrysler Ag A built air gap insulated exhaust manifold of an exhaust system of a motor vehicle and a method for its production
DE19928276C2 (en) * 1999-06-22 2001-05-10 Arvin Exhaust Gmbh Exhaust manifold
DE10031903C1 (en) * 2000-06-30 2001-11-22 Daimler Chrysler Ag Exhaust for fuel burning machine, has some of gas directed into return pipe by inner shell
DE10051277A1 (en) 2000-10-16 2002-04-25 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co exhaust manifold
DE10112707C1 (en) * 2001-03-16 2002-06-06 Zeuna Staerker Kg Exhaust manifold production, for internal combustion motor, is composed of an inner and outer shell each of part-shells joined together with a gas-tight seam without welding sprays
DE102004021196B4 (en) 2004-04-29 2006-10-05 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Air gap insulated exhaust manifold
DE102009030937A1 (en) * 2009-06-24 2011-01-05 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Exhaust manifold, has primary exhaust gas pipe permeating connection region of collector and projecting into hollow space defined by collector, where exhaust gas is discharged from cylinders via pipes and fed to collector
DE102014103820A1 (en) 2014-03-20 2015-09-24 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Exhaust manifold for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine

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DE4127634A1 (en) * 1991-08-21 1993-02-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Exhaust gas system for IC engine with catalytic converter - has tube conducting cooling air which forms suction pump at tail pipe
US5331810A (en) * 1992-05-21 1994-07-26 Arvin Industries, Inc. Low thermal capacitance exhaust system for an internal combustion engine
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0919703A3 (en) * 1997-11-28 2003-03-12 DaimlerChrysler AG Method of making an air gap isolated exhaust manifold for a vehicle
EP0933509A1 (en) * 1998-01-29 1999-08-04 Benteler Ag Exhaust manifold
EP0955453A3 (en) * 1998-05-05 2003-05-21 Friedrich Boysen GmbH & Co. KG Exhaust manifold
EP1359294A1 (en) 2002-04-30 2003-11-05 Zeuna-Stärker Gmbh & Co Kg Double shell, air insulated exhaust gas junction and method for its production
EP1367234A1 (en) * 2002-05-28 2003-12-03 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Double wall exhaust pipe with flange
DE10261879B4 (en) * 2002-12-20 2012-09-27 Volkswagen Ag Exhaust manifold
EP2333265A1 (en) * 2009-12-14 2011-06-15 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Exhaust manifold with guide plate
US8549851B2 (en) 2009-12-14 2013-10-08 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Exhaust manifold with baffle plate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4444760C2 (en) 2003-02-13
DE59508049D1 (en) 2000-04-27
EP0717179B1 (en) 2000-03-22
DE4444760A1 (en) 1996-06-20

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