EP0751827B1 - Verfahren zur bearbeitung von nukleinsäuren - Google Patents
Verfahren zur bearbeitung von nukleinsäuren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0751827B1 EP0751827B1 EP95913132A EP95913132A EP0751827B1 EP 0751827 B1 EP0751827 B1 EP 0751827B1 EP 95913132 A EP95913132 A EP 95913132A EP 95913132 A EP95913132 A EP 95913132A EP 0751827 B1 EP0751827 B1 EP 0751827B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- nucleic acids
- processing
- reaction mixture
- amplification
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L7/00—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices
- B01L7/52—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices with provision for submitting samples to a predetermined sequence of different temperatures, e.g. for treating nucleic acid samples
Definitions
- the invention relates to methods for processing nucleic acids by means of a temperature control element and devices and devices for performing of these procedures.
- nucleic acids are known as e.g. B. very specific detection means for organisms well suited for the diagnosis of diseases. During these verification procedures are various processing steps, such as denaturation, hybridization, syntheses and Immobilization of nucleic acids and their enzymatic treatment are common. A The problem with such methods has long been the small amount of nucleic acids in the samples.
- capillary PCR tries to remedy this. Is located the reaction mixture in glass capillaries with a small diameter. This can the time for performing an amplification sequence can be reduced to approximately 30 minutes.
- a problem with capillary PCR is the vulnerability of the glass to be heated the capillary and the difficult to handle sample application.
- the object of the present invention was, inter alia, the existing nucleic acid processing methods to improve and in particular to provide processes where the amplification can be completed in particular in time.
- the invention therefore relates to a method for processing and in particular Worship of nucleic acids in a reaction mixture, characterized in that that the temperature of a surface adjacent to the reaction mixture and its immediate environment is regulated, however, the main space of the reaction mixture remains essentially isothermal.
- the invention also relates to a device for processing and multiplication of nucleic acids with a temperature regulation element as well as a device, which contains this device.
- nucleic acids are all types of modified nucleic acids or unmodified.
- unmodified nucleic acids are natural occurring nucleic acids.
- Modified nucleic acids can be exchanged by Groups of natural nucleic acids are created by other chemical residues. Examples are nucleic acid phosphonates, or phosphothioates and on the sugar residues or the bases modified by chemical groups, which can also be detectable Nucleic acids.
- the processing of nucleic acids according to the present invention preferably contains at least one at elevated temperature, but at least from the ambient temperature deviating temperature, ongoing reaction step.
- Such reaction steps are, for example, the thermal denaturation of partially or completely double-stranded nucleic acids. It is used to manufacture single strands or to Melt secondary structures, the nucleic acids to temperatures above the corresponding melting point heated.
- Another step in the processing of nucleic acids is the hybridization of mutually complementary nucleic acids in single-stranded Areas to a nucleic acid duplex (hybrid). This takes place at Temperatures below the melting point of the hybrid take place. Hybridization To achieve this, the reaction mixture must often be cooled will.
- Another one is used in particular in amplification or sequencing methods Processing step carried out, namely the extension of one to one so-called template nucleic acid (template) hybridized primers with the help of others Mono- or oligonucleotides.
- the temperature is preferably set at the corresponding enzyme used has its optimum activity, or competitive reactions are reduced. This temperature can also be measured with the hybridization temperature be identical (2-stage PCR).
- a special case of processing nucleic acids is the multiplication of nucleic acids.
- practically all amplification methods e.g. B. target sequence dependent amplifications (especially non-isothermal Amplifications such as the polymerase chain reaction, ligase chain reaction or similar) be performed. Also takes place during this propagation process at least one of the temperature-sensitive processing steps mentioned above take place.
- a central feature of the present invention is the fact that the change in Temperature not in the entire reaction mixture, but only in a very small one Part of the reaction mixture takes place. This has the consequence that the heating or Cooling down of this relatively small area can happen very quickly and thus the Processing of the nucleic acids is greatly accelerated.
- the process is therefore the reaction mixture with a temperature adjustable Brought into contact. By changing the temperature of the surface the immediate surroundings of this surface are heated, adjusted or cooled, depending on the processing step and temperature of the reaction mixture. One can distinguish several cases here.
- the surface can be cooled to to achieve hybridization of the nucleic acids in the adjacent environment.
- the surface and thus the immediate surroundings can initially are heated to a temperature at which the extension of the primer takes place can.
- the temperature can then be raised above the melting point of the nucleic acids be, thereby denaturing and strand separation of the double-stranded Nucleic acids can take place.
- This can be a cooling down to a Connect the temperature at which the single strands can hybridize with new primers. This cycle can be run through several times.
- the temperature at the Surface initially raised to separate double strands. Then the Temperature lowered to a temperature at which the single strands hybridize with primers. The optimum temperature for the extension is then set, if desired the cycle repeats.
- the desired temperature can be maintained for a set period of time be, e.g. B. until the desired reactions on the surface expired are.
- the temperature of the surface can also be controlled by known means and connected control measures (reheating, cooling) kept constant will.
- the periods depend, as is customary in known methods, on the length of the to be processed nucleic acids and their homology as well as the special hybridization conditions from. However, the person skilled in the art can determine the optimum by simple experiments Determine time periods. Depending on the processing step, the periods are between Fractions of a second and a few seconds.
- the main space of the reaction mixture remains in the essential isothermal, while that in the immediate vicinity of the surface Adapts reaction mixture to the temperatures set on the surface.
- the heating element preferably has a relatively large surface area in comparison low heat capacity.
- Metal foils for example, have proven suitable proven that can be heated in a suitable manner, e.g. B. by electrical Electricity. Materials for the metal foil are good heat-conducting materials, e.g. B. Gold, preferred.
- the cooling element should have a comparatively high heat capacity.
- a cooling medium solid, liquid or gaseous substances are possible. Liquid ones are preferred Cooling media, e.g. B. water. Good thermal conductivity is an advantage.
- the arrangement of the heating element and the cooling element can correspond to the temperature of the reaction medium are changed, depending on whether the device is more used to heat or cool the surface and its immediate surroundings shall be. In general, however, the heating element is in close proximity be localized on the surface.
- the surface of the heating element can also directly on the Adjacent reaction mixture. However, it is also possible to use a heating element separate the thin, thermally conductive layer from the reaction mixture.
- the cooling element can in principle be positioned at any point with which cooling the surface and the immediate vicinity is possible. It has been preferred however, the cooling element was found to be on the side of the reaction mixture remote from the reaction mixture Position heating element. In the event that the heating element is low Has heat capacity is the fact that the heating element can also be cooled must not be a decisive disadvantage.
- the heating element is used for heating until the surface and its immediate surroundings are heated to the desired temperature.
- a strong temperature gradient will form near the surface, while the rest of the reaction mixture remains isothermal. This applies in particular if no remarkable liquid exchange is realized during the heating process, but also if a liquid exchange takes place.
- the heating process can be completed within fractions of a second, in favorable cases even milliseconds. The same applies to cooling.
- the reaction space, which is heated to the desired temperature can be very small, preferably it is less than 0.2 mm, particularly preferably less than 0.5 ⁇ m deep.
- the area of the heating element directed onto the reaction mixture influences the depth of the temperature gradient and its rate of build-up. A preferred size of the surface can result from the desired applications of the method.
- the surface area is ⁇ 2 cm 2 , particularly preferably between 0.2 cm 2 and 0.2 mm 2 .
- the surface can be smooth or rough. In the event that the surface is simultaneously used as a carrier for agents for processing the nucleic acids, it is advantageous to enlarge this surface by means of surface structures.
- the volume of the reaction mixture is practically not great for the invention Meaning. It can be a drop with a volume of 20 ⁇ l, however can also be an arbitrarily large volume. It is an advantage of the invention Process that the device containing the heating and cooling element, for example can also be introduced into a large vessel with reaction mixture, whereby the essential reactions only in a very small border area of the surface take place, while the remaining reaction space practically no influence on the reaction exercises. On the other hand, the samples and reagent quantities available are practical Limit the size of the reaction mixture.
- the reaction volumes will increase therefore usually in a range between 1 ml and 30 ul, preferably between 100 ul and 50 ⁇ l, move, but can be done, for example, by applying the reaction mixture work on the temperature regulating surface even with much smaller volumes.
- nucleic acids are attached to the temperature-adjustable surface or their immediate surroundings. This can be done in several ways happen, for example mechanically or by diffusion.
- nucleic acids to be processed are bound to the surface
- Oligonucleotides that are covalently bound to the surface and at least one Part of the nucleic acid to be processed are complementary. These oligonucleotides can, however, also via biospecific interactions, e.g. B. biotin streptavidin the surface be bound.
- the binding of the nucleic acids to be processed is in accordance with the present invention preferably reversible.
- the nucleic acids can be carried out according to one of the methods Process dependent time by heating the surface and its immediate surroundings to be released again. Between binding and releasing the nucleic acid any steps can be taken, e.g. B. carrying out chemical reactions, however, a separation of the bound nucleic acids from the original one Reaction mixture and transfer to a new reaction mixture.
- nucleic acids In the event of a multiplication reaction of the nucleic acids, they can surface bound oligonucleotides as primers for elongation or extension under Use of the nucleic acid to be processed can be used as a template. Thereby an extended primer forms which is bound to the nucleic acid to be processed.
- the Nucleic acid used as a template can be removed from the Extension product can be solved and in the next temperature cycle for one new, not yet extended immobilized primers act as a template. On this way it is possible to have a large amount of surface immobilized To extend primers and thus copies of parts of the nucleic acid to be processed to manufacture.
- the extended (extended) surface primers in turn serve by means of complementary primers for an increase in those serving as a template Molecules.
- the reagents required for the reactions to be carried out are in keep the entire reaction mixture in stock or add it as needed.
- a propagation reaction based on the principle of the polymerase reaction (EP-B-0 201 184) are therefore the deoxyribonucleotides, a DNA polymerase and a to keep additional primers and suitable buffer reagents in the reaction mixture.
- a propagation reaction based on the principle of the polymerase reaction EP-B-0 201 184
- the deoxyribonucleotides e.g. RNA
- a DNA polymerase e.g. RNA
- RNA-dependent polymerases e.g. Ribonucleotides or RNA-dependent polymerases are provided. This step of the process can take special consideration of the working temperature of the processing enzyme to take.
- nucleic acids to be processed can also be done using physical methods be bound to the surface, e.g. B. by means of a magnet. To do this, the However, nucleic acids are bound to a magnetizable particle.
- the connection magnetic particles loaded with nucleic acid can thereby be made reversible that there is a magnet behind the surface or that it is induced. By Applying an alternating field can cause the magnetic parts to surface bound or removed from it.
- thermostable polymerase is not essential for a multiplication reaction required and yet new enzyme does not have to be added to every amplification cycle Pipette reaction mixture.
- nucleic acids can either be bound to the surface Condition or in the released state examined or with others Reagents are processed.
- the surface to which the oligonucleotides functioning as primers are formed are brought into contact with the sample liquid. After that the Brought the temperature of the surface and its immediate surroundings to a temperature which is above the melting point of the double-stranded contained in the sample Nucleic acid. After cooling the surface and the immediate area the nucleic acid to be detected will hybridize with the oligonucleotide.
- the cycle is carried out with the aid of the nucleic acid to be detected made a variety of copies that were sent to the end of the propagation reaction Surface can remain bound.
- the invention also relates to a device which can be used for use in the above-mentioned machining method.
- the subject of the invention is a device for processing nucleic acids by means of a temperature regulating element, this element being suitable for regulating the temperature of the surface and the immediately adjacent surroundings, and wherein means for processing the nucleic acids can be bound to this.
- These agents can be oligonucleotides and serve, for example, as primers.
- This device preferably contains a cooling element and a heating element, the arrangement preferably being as in the processing method described above.
- This device is preferably very small. For example, it can have a thickness of ⁇ 5 mm and an area of ⁇ 10 cm 2 .
- the elements therein are simple components. Therefore, this device is excellently suitable for single use (disposable), which can reduce the inherent contamination risk for reusable. If the device is to be suitable for multiple use, it is also possible to separate the heating element from the space containing the reaction mixture by means of a very thin component and to make this component separable from the device. A new component can then be used for a further processing stage.
- the invention also relates to a device for processing nucleic acids, which is a control element for a time-dependent temperature regulation and an inventive one Includes device.
- the control element can be a control element so-called thermal cyclers according to EP-A-0 236 069 are used, is preferred however, control based on the principle of inkjet printers, since it has a higher Show control speed.
- the control must be able to Heat the heating element at predetermined intervals until the surroundings of the Surface has a sufficient temperature.
- it must be able to the cooling element at predetermined intervals for cooling on the surface
- a coolant can be passed through the device Provided that the heat capacity of the heating element is low, but the heat output is relatively high, continuous cooling is also possible.
- the surface to be tempered is in a different version on a preferably black base, preferably a plastic film, the from the surface to be tempered distal side by a laser beam, preferably an infrared laser.
- a laser beam preferably an infrared laser.
- Both the surface to be tempered, as well as the heat absorbing and heat conductive material a support surface, preferably infrared-transmissive glass.
- the device according to the invention can have a wide variety of embodiments. For example it can be designed for immersion in a vessel. However, it can also be designed so that the liquid containing the nucleic acid to be processed on the Dripped surface or poured into a vessel formed by the surface This reaction space can also be closed after the liquid has been poured in so that contamination problems can be reduced.
- One embodiment of the invention is a method for multiplying nucleic acids.
- This method can also be used to isolate nucleic acids from a solution to convince another. Then a hybridization takes place in the first vessel (lower Temperature) and a denaturation (higher temperature) takes place in the second vessel.
- Another embodiment of the present invention is a sequencing method of nucleic acids.
- One way of applying the invention in context with sequence analysis is the so-called mini-sequence analysis. It can in each case the exact sequence determination of the nucleic acid nucleotide adjoining the primer be carried out by providing for sequencing in the solution only dideoxynucleotides and no deoxynucleotides for sequencing be added.
- the four possible dideoxynucleotides ddATP, ddCTP, ddGTP and ddTTP are labeled with different fluorescent markers.
- the incorporation of the next nucleotide leads to the termination of the sequence reaction and after purification of the extended primer located on the surface can analyze the sequence of the on the primer by analyzing the specific fluorescence Nucleotides can be determined.
- a special case of the possibilities of using the present invention is a Procedure for sequencing nucleic acids previously in a PCR reaction have been amplified. After amplification, the increased product lies above the Primer covalently bound in double-stranded form on the reactive surface. By briefly going through an altitude temperature phase, this is denatured Single-stranded amplificate can be obtained by transferring it to a washing solution clean and is then again by transferring this time to a sequencing reaction can be used for subsequent sequencing.
- This sequencing is particularly successful efficient, since there is now only single-stranded matrix material to which one Bind sequencing pair particularly efficiently. Due to the sequencing reaction then again a double-stranded molecule whose labeled (sequenced) Half is now available for analysis by gel chromatography. When using different labeled dideoxynucleotides (labeled with different fluorescent markers) all four reactions necessary for a sequence analysis can be Perform once, with the conventional method, this analysis must be done four times be repeated.
- An exemplary cyclic gold surface can be obtained in that in a thin circuit board, two approx. 1 mm wide and 3 mm long slots at a distance of 3 mm parallel to each other.
- these elongated holes are through Evaporating with gold conductively connected.
- the gold layer on the proximal side is applied by a mask in the desired size, in this case 3 x 3 mm flush, over the two longitudinal surfaces is applied.
- the inside of the longitudinal surface is galvanically flush to the surface coated with copper.
- the two electrically conductive elongated holes are now coated with a gold layer a few ⁇ m thick. The coating process is described below:
- the multi-gold sports plate was coated with "diluted" biotinthiol binding layers to form a hydrophobic SAM layer.
- biotin thiol compound H-C12-DADOO-biotin; N, N '- (12-mercaptododecylyl-biotinylyl) -2,2'-diaminooethyl-glycol diether; 2.94 mg; 5x1 0-5 m
- the diluent (12-mercaptoundecanol, 9.2 mg, 4.5x10 -4 m) were dissolved in 100 ml of ethanol pa
- the freshly coated polycarbonate films were immersed in this solution. After 4 hours the plates were removed, washed twice with ethanol pa and immediately coated with streptavidin.
- the gold spots and the SAM-coated foils were immersed in a streptavidin solution for one hour (concentration streptavidin: 0.5 mg / ml in 0.05 M potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.2).
- concentration streptavidin 0.5 mg / ml in 0.05 M potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.2.
- the surfaces treated in this way were then treated with a washing solution (50 mM potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.2, 2% sucrose, 0.9% NaCl, 0.3% bovine serum albumin fraction II) and then dried for 20 hours (25 ° C. and 40% atmospheric humidity).
- the very thin thickness of the gold layer results in a very small conductive gold cross section (3 mm x 3 ⁇ m over a distance of 3 mm). This gold layer therefore represents a relatively high resistance compared to the conductor tracks.
- the conductor tracks are now connected to a power supplier that is computer-based allows a control of the ohmic induced temperature of the surface of the oil.
- the covering layer which isolates the measuring meander from platinum, one generally available on the market Platinum temperature sensor (PT 100) coated with a gold layer.
- Platinum temperature sensor PT 100 coated with a gold layer.
- PT 100 Platinum temperature sensor coated with a gold layer.
- PT 100 Platinum temperature sensor coated with a gold layer.
- An exemplary device for measuring the surface temperature of the gold foil (Option A).
- a gold foil according to Example 1, variant a is covered with a mask that Evaporation of the gold foil with an approx. 1 mm wide gold thread that runs over this gold surface protrudes and can be connected to a measuring point.
- a second thread e.g. B. made of nickel, bismuth or another alloy suitable for temperature measurement is also provided.
- the metal thread lies on the same place on the gold surface as the gold thread at (200 nm thick), but separates in its course when leaving the tempering gold surface and leads as a separate metal thread (300 nm thick) a second measuring point.
- This arrangement of the measuring probes made of gold and another, metal or alloy suitable for temperature measurement allows the measurement of Thermal voltage (2.2 mV / 100 ° Kalvin) in the area of the gold foil where the two Probe threads overlap.
- the temperature at the cold junction is measured with a thermal precision PT 1000 element (accuracy> 1%) and standardized to 10 V (0 V corresponds to 0 °, 10 V corresponds to 100 °), only amplified and also standardized to 10 V.
- the sum of both is in a sum amplifier Temperauren formed and for electronic control of the respective surface temperature used.
- An exemplary device for measuring the surface temperature of the gold surface from example 1, variant b.
- An exemplary implementation of a polymerase chain reaction uses a surface-fixed, biotin-labeled primer (5'-GAAGGGAGGAAGGAGGGAGCGGAC-3 ').
- This primer is coupled to a surface streptavidin or gold streptavidin surface via its biotin group located at the 5 'end.
- the molar amount of streptavidin or biotin / square millimeter is approximately 0.2 pmol / mm 2 .
- the solution contains nanogram quantities or less of the following double or single-stranded template molecule and a counter primer in the concentration of between 0.5 ⁇ M to 2 ⁇ M.
- the reaction takes place in commercially available PCR buffer (Boehringer Mannheim, package insert for enzyme 8th entry, ID number 1146165) at 1.5 mM Mg 2+ .
- a commercially available Taq DNA polymerase (Boehringer Mannheim, ID number 1146165) was used as the polymerase in a concentration of 20 nM.
- the counterprimer present in solution (5'-GGGTGGGGTGGTTGGGTGGTGGTG-3 ') was digoxigen-labeled at its 5' end (patent EP 0324474).
- the PCR reaction took place at a constant solution temperature of 68 ° and one between 96 and 68 ° cyclically varying primer-coated surface instead.
- the Cyclical duration of the higher temperature varied between in our example 0.1 seconds, 10 seconds and 1 minute that the lower temperature between 0.5 seconds, 20 seconds and 1 minute.
- the solution was cooled to room temperature, only the complementary elongated biotin and elongated digoxigenin-labeled primers hybridizing with one another and forming double-stranded DNA fragments.
- the surfaces were reacted with anti-Dig-POD, incubated for 30 minutes, washed again and treated with ABTS (staining protocol according to package insert item 3 for the Boehringer Mannheim reverse transcriptase assay, non-radioactive, ID number 1468120).
- ABTS staining protocol according to package insert item 3 for the Boehringer Mannheim reverse transcriptase assay, non-radioactive, ID number 1468120.
- the resulting colored product was quantified in an ELISA photometer at a wavelength of 405/490 nanometers.
- the extinction values obtained demonstrate an amplification of a region of the template, measured as an extended counterprimer, which hybridizes to the primer coupled to the solid phase.
- the values were 0.04 after correction of the blank value, and in controls without polymerase or without increasing the temperature, the values were 0.07 in the complete reaction mixture. Even heating the surface for several minutes (5 minutes) did not raise the ambient temperature in the constant temperature solution by more than 7 C, even if a significantly (100 times) larger surface (3 cm 2 ) was heated.
- the element surface described in this example consists of a thin gold foil with a thickness of less than half a millimeter, that with a streptavidin layer is firmly connected. Affinity coupling allows this dextran layer again the biotin marked necessary for the further processing steps Attach oligonucleotides. These oligonucleotides are then above their 5'-phosphate end covalently coupled to the surface and thus have a reactive, accessible for enzymes 3 'end.
- This gold foil which is structurally stabilized by a supporting plastic net can, and which has a reactive surface of about 5 x 5 mm, also serves as Heating element, since it is connected to an electrical power source, when the current flows leads to a spontaneous heating of this gold foil.
- the cooling element Distal to the reaction approach, behind the gold foil, there is the cooling element.
- the cooling element consists of a plastic channel with a 7 mm wide border on the gold foil Surface. The channel is 2 mm deep and extends the entire length of the here Sensor designated part of the device, in this case the heating and cooling elements as well as the reactive surface. This channel extends from one end of the Probe to the other end of the probe on which the reactive surface is attached, and back by including a web separating the two channels.
- a suitable cooling liquid e.g. B. water circulated.
- the entire unit is cast in hard plastic and recyclable, d. H. both the gold foil and the plastic are recyclable.
- the control of both the heating of the reactive surface and the circulation speed and pre-cooling temperature of the coolant is controlled by an electronic third part, which is attached outside the sensor, made.
- This third The unit also includes the storage container and the connection connections for the coolant.
- this third unit there is also a micropump that is used for the Circulation of the coolant is responsible.
- the surface of the sensor is ready for use. Via an input unit on the Surface of the control unit is attached, which has a digital display both the individual temperature ranges and the duration of their influence on them Selectable surface.
- Acting here as an example of an application of the device according to the invention it is an amplification reaction of polymerase chain reaction a predetermined nucleic acid sequence.
- Primers with a length of 16 bases each, spaced 4 nucleotides apart encode.
- the sequence of one primer is identical, that of others complementary to the analyzing sequence.
- the one identified here as identical The primer is reactive via the biotin label present at the 5 'end Surface coupled.
- the other, complementary primer and all other reagents, that are usually used in a so-called PCR reaction are added to the reaction mixture.
- the reaction is started.
- the temperature changes in the reactive surface are programmed to carry out 50 heating and Cooling cycles can be carried out in about 1 minute.
- the surface is cleaned of all non-covalently bound reaction partners. The surface cleaned in this way, which now only extended and primer molecules Contains primer molecules for analysis, together with the probe, in one device introduced that according to the principle of plasmon resonance, a direct determination of the Quantity of the extended product allows.
Description
- 1.
- erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung, Meßeinheit
- 2.
- Reaktionsgemisch
- 3.
- Reaktionsgefäß
- 4.
- Kühlelement
- 5.
- Heizelement/Oberfläche
- 6.
- Oligonukleotide
- 7.
- Anschlüsse für Kühlelement
- 8.
- Anschlüsse für Heizelement
- 9.
- auswechselbarer Meßfühler
- 10.
- Elektronikänschluß und Kühlaggregat
- 11.
- Halterung für Reaktionsgefäß
- 12.
- Rührer
- 13.
- Kühlflüssigkeit
- 14.
- Unterstützungs- und Trennfilter (Abtrennung des Kühlmittels)
Claims (41)
- Verfahren zur Bearbeitung von Nukleinsäuren in einer Reaktionsmischung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Temperatur der an die Reaktionsmischung angrenzenden Oberfläche und deren unmittelbare Umgebung reguliert wird, jedoch der Hauptraum der Reaktionsmischung im wesentlichen isotherm verbleibt.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, bei dem mindestens ein Arbeitsschritt eine Temperatur, die von dem Reaktionsansatz abweicht, aufweist.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein temperaturverändernder Arbeitsschritt der thermischen Denaturierung dient.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein temperaturverändernder Schritt der Hybridisation von Nukleinsäuren dient.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein temperaturverändernder Schritt der Extension eines Matrizenmoleküls dient.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß verschiedene Arbeitsschritte der zielsequenz-abhängigen Amplifikation eines Matrizermolekuls dienen.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für eine Detektion der Bearbeitungs- und Vermehrungsergebnisse geeignete Reaktanden an eine Oberflache gebunden vorliegen.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Mittel zur Bearbeitung von Nukleinsäuren an die Oberfläche gebunden sind.
- Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 und 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Mittel Oligonukleotide sind.
- Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1, 7 und 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich Mittel zur Bearbeitung der Nukleinsäuren in der Reaktionsmischung befinden.
- Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 und 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Detektion spezifischer Sequenzen nach Hybridisierung mit markierten Nukleinsäuren oder markierbaren Nukleinsäuren durchgeführt wird.
- Verfahren gemaß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Vermehrung (Amplifikation) eine nicht temperatur resistente DNA-Polymerase eingesetzt wird.
- Verfahren gemaß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Vermehrung (Amplifikation) eine temperatur resistente DNA-Polymerase eingesetzt wird.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Vermehrung (Amplifikation) eine RNA-abhängige RNA-Polymerase verwendet wird.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Vermehrung (Amplifikation) eine RNA-abhängige DNA-Polymerase verwendet wird.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Vermehrung (Bearbeitung) eine DNA-Ligase verwendet wird.
- Verfahren gemäß einem oder mehrerer der Ansprüche 1, 6, 8, 9 und 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Mittel zur Bearbeitung der Nukleinsäuren an die Oberfläche gebracht werden.
- Verfahren gemäß einem oder mehrerer der Ansprüche 1, 8, 9, 10, 16 und 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eine der bei der Bearbeitung beteiligten, bei erhöhter Temperatur ablaufenden Reaktionen an einer Oberflache abläuft.
- Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 und 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die Meßlösung eine weitestgehende Volumenunabhängigkeit besteht, d. h. sowohl in sehr kleinen als auch sehr großen Volumina dieses Verfahren zur Bearbeitung und Vermehrung von Nukleinsäuren durchgeführt werden kann.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Diffusion der Nukleinsäuren in der Reaktionsmischung durch Konvektion oder Bewegung gesteigert wird.
- Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung von Nukleinsäuren mit Hilfe eines Temperaturregulationselements, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung eine temperaturregulierbare Oberfläche enthält, an welche Mittel zur Bearbeitung der Nukleinsäuren gebunden sind.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 21 zur Verwendung für Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 20.
- Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung von Nukleinsäuren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 21 und 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die in das Reaktionsmilieu ragende Oberfläche gekühlt und/oder geheizt werden kann.
- Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 21 und 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die temperaturregulierende Oberfläche durch chemische oder physikalische Behandlung zur Aufnahme von Reaktanden zur Bearbeitung der Nukleinsäuren vorbereitet wurde.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ferner eine Steuereinheit zur Regulierung der Temperatur der Oberfläche aufweist.
- Vorrichtung gemäß der Ansprüche 21, 22 oder 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine zeitlich koordinierte Regulation der Temperaturänderungen vorgenommen wird.
- Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 21, 22 und 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ein Heizelement mit einer geringen und ein Kühlelement einer hohen Wärmekapazität aufweist.
- Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 21 und 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberfläche zu einer direkten Auswertung der Bearbeitungs- und Vermehrungsergebnisse verwendet wird.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die temperaturregulierte Oberfläche aus einer Folie aus wärmeleitfähigem Material besteht, bevorzugterweise Metall, besonders bevorzugterweise Gold.
- Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 21, 22 und 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühlung der temperaturregulierten Oberfläche auf der dem Reaktionsansatz distalen Seite vorgenommen wird.
- Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 21, 22 und 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Heizelement identisch ist mit der reaktiven Oberfläche, wobei diese Oberfläche speziell behandelt ist.
- Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 21, 22, 24, 30 und 31, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Nukleinsäuren an der Oberfläche des Heizelements fixiert sind.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 32, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fixierung über Mittlungsstrukturen zum Heizelement erfolgt.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 33, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Fixierung über Mittlungsstrukturen sowohl über chemische als auch biospezifische Bindung erfolgt.
- Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 21 und 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Nukleinsäuren nur vorübergehend in unmittelbarer Nähe der Oberfläche assoziieren bzw. dort verweilen.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 35, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Assoziation von Nukleinsäuren an die reaktive Oberfläche durch die Bindung dieser Nukleinsäuren an Magnetobeads bzw. die Adsorption dieser Nukleinsäuren an Magnetobeads gewährleistet wird.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 36, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein induzierbares Magnetfeld zur Attrahierung der Magnetobeads dient.
- Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 21 und 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung, die Heiz- und Kühlelemente enthält, nur einmal verwendbar ist, um Kontaminationen vorzubeugen.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 21 oder 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gesamte Vorrichtung mehrfach verwendbar ist, und nur die Oberfläche bzw. deren Halterung für einzelne Arbeitsgänge ausgetauscht werden muß.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die temperaturregulierte Oberfläche ohmisch beheizt wird.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die temperaturregulierte Oberfläche durch Strahlen, bevorzugterweise Infrarotstrahlen und wiederum bevorzugterweise lasererzeugte Infrarotstrahlen, erwärmt wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4409436A DE4409436A1 (de) | 1994-03-19 | 1994-03-19 | Verfahren zur Bearbeitung von Nukleinsäuren |
DE4409436 | 1994-03-19 | ||
PCT/EP1995/000975 WO1995025592A1 (de) | 1994-03-19 | 1995-03-16 | Verfahren zur bearbeitung von nukleinsaüren |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0751827A1 EP0751827A1 (de) | 1997-01-08 |
EP0751827B1 true EP0751827B1 (de) | 1998-08-19 |
Family
ID=6513253
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP95913132A Expired - Lifetime EP0751827B1 (de) | 1994-03-19 | 1995-03-16 | Verfahren zur bearbeitung von nukleinsäuren |
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US (1) | US5985555A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0751827B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3591653B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE169844T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4409436A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2123239T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1995025592A1 (de) |
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JP3985872B2 (ja) * | 1995-07-31 | 2007-10-03 | プレシジョン・システム・サイエンス株式会社 | 容器 |
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US20060258021A1 (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2006-11-16 | Arizona Board Of Regents, A Body Corporate, Acting For And On Behalf Of Arizona State University | Biocompatible linkers for surface plasmon resonance biosensors |
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DE102019114011B3 (de) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-07-30 | Gna Biosolutions Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Extrahieren und/oder Vervielfältigen einer Target-Nukleinsäure |
DE102020118516A1 (de) | 2020-06-26 | 2021-12-30 | Gna Biosolutions Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Extraktion und Amplifikation einer Target-Nukleinsäure |
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-
1994
- 1994-03-19 DE DE4409436A patent/DE4409436A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-03-16 DE DE59503269T patent/DE59503269D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-03-16 ES ES95913132T patent/ES2123239T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-16 AT AT95913132T patent/ATE169844T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-03-16 WO PCT/EP1995/000975 patent/WO1995025592A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1995-03-16 US US08/704,682 patent/US5985555A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-03-16 JP JP52436495A patent/JP3591653B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-03-16 EP EP95913132A patent/EP0751827B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0751827A1 (de) | 1997-01-08 |
WO1995025592A1 (de) | 1995-09-28 |
JP3591653B2 (ja) | 2004-11-24 |
JPH09510353A (ja) | 1997-10-21 |
ES2123239T3 (es) | 1999-01-01 |
US5985555A (en) | 1999-11-16 |
ATE169844T1 (de) | 1998-09-15 |
DE4409436A1 (de) | 1995-09-21 |
DE59503269D1 (de) | 1998-09-24 |
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