EP0806512A1 - Method and device for fibrillating easily fibrillated cellulose fibres, particularly tencel fibres - Google Patents

Method and device for fibrillating easily fibrillated cellulose fibres, particularly tencel fibres Download PDF

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EP0806512A1
EP0806512A1 EP97810241A EP97810241A EP0806512A1 EP 0806512 A1 EP0806512 A1 EP 0806512A1 EP 97810241 A EP97810241 A EP 97810241A EP 97810241 A EP97810241 A EP 97810241A EP 0806512 A1 EP0806512 A1 EP 0806512A1
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Prior art keywords
web
goods
fibers
gap
accelerated
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0806512B1 (en
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Christian Strahm
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Solipat AG
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Solipat AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
    • D06B3/28—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics propelled by, or with the aid of, jets of the treating material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C19/00—Breaking or softening of fabrics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device according to the preamble of the independent claims.
  • Fibrillatable cellulose fibers in particular Lyocell fibers (such as Tencel fibers) are becoming increasingly popular due to their good dyeing and wearing properties and a large number of finishing options and processes for influencing the "handle".
  • Lyocell fibers such as Tencel fibers
  • “Lyocell” fibers are cellulose fibers produced in a solvent spinning process, the sheath of which can be split by mechanical influence, so that fibrils protrude from the sheath surface.
  • Lyocell fibers With Lyocell fibers, it is customary to initiate fibrillation in the strand treatment. The main factors influencing the tendency to fibrillation are: pH value, temperature and mechanical action. In addition, cellulase enzymes are often used to promote fibrillation. Cellulase enzymes are proteins that are able to break down cellulose. A cellulase enzyme consists of a large number of different enzyme components. The 4 most important are: endocellulase, exocellulase, cellobiohydrolase and cellobiase. The action of exocellulases results in soluble glucose directly from cellulose. The other components systematically attack the cellulose chains by arbitrarily splitting the formation of cellobiose into soluble glucose.
  • the fibrillation of Lyocell fibers can only be achieved by mechanical treatment, in particular by Initiate wet friction.
  • the addition of enzyme serves to promote and control the process. Enzyme processes are also used to weaken and remove the long fibrils after an initial fibrillation. This process is described in detail in "ITB Veredelung, 2/94, p. 5; R. Breier, finishing of Lyocell fibers, chemical fibers / textile industry, 44th / 96th year, November / December 1994, p. 812; Lyocell -Fibers: Manufacture, properties, areas of application in chemical fibers / textile industry, 43rd / 95th year, October 1993, p. 745: I. Marini, Lenzing Lyocell fibers in chemical fibers / textile industry, 43th / 95th year, November 1993, P. 878.
  • the invention proposes to carry out the fibrillation of fibrillatable cellulose fibers such as Lyocell, in particular of textile fabrics containing Tencel fibers, with a wide range of goods. According to the invention, this can be achieved if the wide web of material is acted upon by a liquid stream flowing at high speed and accelerated by it and hurled with the liquid stream against an impact surface and if the acceleration and spinning process is repeated until surface areas of the fibers are split and fibrils form.
  • Fibrillation can be influenced in a known manner by enzyme treatment, temperature and pH adjustment.
  • the invention can be used to primarily fibrillate goods and, for example, in a downstream enzyme process to remove the long fibrils in a known manner by enzyme treatment.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used for secondary fibrillation, that is to say for a fibrillation process which follows a first fibrillation, a subsequent treatment to shorten the fibrils which are too long, and possibly other finishing steps.
  • the material web is accumulated in a goods store and withdrawn from it by the liquid flowing at high speed.
  • the goods lying loose in such a store can be carried along and accelerated particularly well by the liquid flowing at high speed.
  • the web of material is sequentially entrained in the opposite direction by such a liquid stream and is hurled against impact surfaces.
  • the goods would alternately be conveyed “forward and backward” through the guide gap. If the time period for funding in the "forward" direction is longer than the time period for funding in the opposite direction, the result is a "forward" funding.
  • the material web is at a speed of at least 8 m / sec. preferably to a speed of 9 m / sec. up to 15 m / s is accelerated.
  • the velocity of the liquid jet (preferably a water jet) in the delivery gap is approximately 12 to 20 m / s, preferably approximately 15 m / s. is.
  • the method according to the invention for fibrillating cellulose fibers contained in a textile web in particular lyocell fibers (such as Tencel fibers), can be carried out particularly advantageously with a device in which a wide web of material is accelerated in a guide gap through which a liquid flows if the guide gap at least on one side through a nozzle element is limited, which has a feed channel for the liquid and which has an outlet gap narrowing towards the guide gap and a valve element for alternately closing one of the outlet gaps on two opposite sides.
  • each outlet gap tapers in the direction of the guide gap and if the flow axis of the outlet gap is inclined at an angle ⁇ of approximately 10 ° to 20 °, preferably approximately 15 °, to the plane of the guide gap.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a Tencel fiber 1 from which fibrils 2 protrude.
  • the Tencel fiber 1 is part of a fabric, not shown, that has been subjected to a treatment according to the invention.
  • a material web 3 is fed to a device for fibrillation 4 via a conveyor roller 5 from a conveyor device, not shown.
  • the conveyor roller 5 continuously conveys the web into a goods store 6. From there, the web 3 passes through the guide nip 7 of an acceleration device 8.
  • the guide gap 7 is delimited by an upper and a lower guide track 9 a and 9 b.
  • Two outlet gaps 10 are provided laterally in the lower guideway, one of the gaps being closable by valve means 11.
  • the outlet gap 10 a is closed, while the outlet gap 10 b is open, while in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 the outlet gap 10 b is shown as closed.
  • the water flowing out of the outlet column 10b entrains the web 3, accelerates it and hurls it against an impact surface 13, as a result of which the web 3 and the fibers from which the web 3 is made are mechanically stressed.
  • the web of material falls downward from the baffle 13 into a goods store 17, from which it can be transported away by conveyor rollers 14 and 15.
  • valve means can be moved laterally, so that the outlet gaps 10 a or the outlet gaps 10 b are alternately closed. Depending on the outlet gap through which the liquid exits at high speed, the web 3 is thrown either against the impact surface 13 or the impact surface 16.
  • the alternate spinning results in a particularly uniform and effective mechanical treatment of the web for the handle of the goods.
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment in which a guide gap 7 is provided both on the top and on the bottom of the web 3 with outlet gaps 10 a, 10 b. Accordingly, two valve means 11 are also provided which close the outlet gaps 10 b in the operating state shown, so that the liquid is fed to the outlet gaps 10 a and the goods are conveyed and accelerated in the direction of the arrow x.
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail of a top view of the guide gap 7 according to FIG. 3, through which the material web 3 is transported through the water conveyed at high speed.
  • the exit gaps 10a and 10b are indicated by dashed lines on both sides. (As stated above, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, an outlet opening 10 a is provided only on the underside of the guide gap 7).
  • the number of treatment steps (spinning onto an impact surface), the regulation of the impact speed, and one-sided or mutual treatment allow the degree of fibrillation and thus also the surface quality and the feel of the goods to be influenced in the invention.
  • Upstream and downstream enzyme treatment steps can be used to additionally influence fibrillation.
  • outlet gaps 10 a and 10 b are provided for the liquid, not only can "open-width" goods but also tubular goods be treated, if this is desired.
  • the treatment generally consists of three components: (1) fabric baffle; (2) fabric water; (3) fabric-fabric.
  • the force with which the wet goods are thrown against the impact surfaces obviously depends on both the speed of the conveyed liquid and the length of the acceleration path, any braking effects and the mass of the wet goods at the moment of the impact.
  • forces per centimeter of goods width in the range of 2.5 to 9 Newtons occur on impact.
  • the values are preferably between 5 and 9 Newtons per cm. This leads to particularly good fibrillation results.
  • the invention is particularly effective when used with fabrics which consist entirely of fibrillatable cellulose fibers, such as "Lyocell” fibers (in particular Tencel fibers). However, it is also possible to treat goods that consist of mixed fibers or mixed fabrics.

Abstract

Fibrillating a web of textile fabric (3) containing cellulose fibres, particularly Lyocell (RTM) fibres, comprises using a high-velocity stream of fluid impinging on the spread-out web and accelerating it to strike against an impact surface (13, 16). This procedure is repeated as often as needed till the fibre surface regions split and form fibrils. Also claimed is the apparatus for implementing the process of fibrillating web as above, in particular Tencel (RTM) fibres. The web is accelerated by the flowing fluid in a guiding gap (7) which is bounded on at least one side by a jet (9a, 9b, 10a, 10b) which has a fluid feed channel (12) and, on two opposite sides, a nozzle-like gap exit (10a, 10b) which narrows towards the guide gap. There is a valve (11) which closes each of the exits alternately.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung gemäss Oberbegriff der unabhängigen Patentansprüche.The invention relates to a method and a device according to the preamble of the independent claims.

Fibrillierbare Cellulosefasern, insbesondere Lyocell-Fasern (wie Tencel-Fasern) erfreuen sich aufgrund guter Färbe- und Trageeigenschaften sowie einer Vielzahl von Ausrüstungsmöglichkeiten und Verfahren zur Beeinflussung des "Griffs" zunehmender Beliebtheit.Fibrillatable cellulose fibers, in particular Lyocell fibers (such as Tencel fibers) are becoming increasingly popular due to their good dyeing and wearing properties and a large number of finishing options and processes for influencing the "handle".

"Lyocell"-Fasern sind in einem Lösungsmittel-Spinnverfahren hergestellte Cellulosefasern, deren Mantel durch mechanischen Einfluss spaltbar ist, so dass von der Manteloberfläche Fibrillen abstehen."Lyocell" fibers are cellulose fibers produced in a solvent spinning process, the sheath of which can be split by mechanical influence, so that fibrils protrude from the sheath surface.

Üblich ist es dabei bei Lyocell-Fasern die Fibrillierung in der Strangbehandlung einzuleiten. Faktoren, welche die Neigung zur Fibrillierung beeinflussen sind vor allem: pH-Wert, Temperatur und mechanische Einwirkung. Ausserdem werden häufig Cellulase-Enzyme eingesetzt, um die Fibrillierung zu fördern. Cellulase-Enzyme sind Eiweissstoffe, die fähig sind Cellulose abzubauen. Ein Cellulase-Enzym besteht aus einer Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Enzymkomponenten. Die 4 wichtigsten sind dabei: Endocellulase, Exocellulase, Cellobiohydrolase und Cellobiase. Die Einwirkung von Exocellulasen resultiert in löslicher Glukose direkt aus Cellulose. Die anderen Komponenten greifen systematisch die Celluloseketten an, indem sie willkürlich die Formation von Cellobiose zu löslicher Glukose spalten.With Lyocell fibers, it is customary to initiate fibrillation in the strand treatment. The main factors influencing the tendency to fibrillation are: pH value, temperature and mechanical action. In addition, cellulase enzymes are often used to promote fibrillation. Cellulase enzymes are proteins that are able to break down cellulose. A cellulase enzyme consists of a large number of different enzyme components. The 4 most important are: endocellulase, exocellulase, cellobiohydrolase and cellobiase. The action of exocellulases results in soluble glucose directly from cellulose. The other components systematically attack the cellulose chains by arbitrarily splitting the formation of cellobiose into soluble glucose.

Theoretisch lässt sich die Fibrillierung von Lyocell-Fasern auch nur durch mechanische Behandlung, insbesondere durch Nassreibung einleiten. Die Zugabe von Enzym dient der zusätzlichen Förderung und Steuerung des Prozesses. Ausserdem werden Enzymprozesse eingesetzt, um nach einer ersten Fibrillierung die langen Fibrillen zu schwächen und zu entfernen. Dieser Vorgang ist ausführlich beschrieben in "ITB Veredelung, 2/94, S. 5; R. Breier, Veredlung von Lyocell-Fasern, Chemiefasern/Textilindustrie, 44./96. Jahrgang, November/-Dezember 1994, S. 812; Lyocell-Fasern: Herstellung, Eigenschaften, Einsatzgebiete in Chemiefasern/Textilindustrie, 43./95. Jahrgang, Oktober 1993, S. 745: I. Marini, Lenzing Lyocell-Fasern in Chemiefasern/Textilindustrie, 43./95. Jahrgang, November 1993, S. 878.Theoretically, the fibrillation of Lyocell fibers can only be achieved by mechanical treatment, in particular by Initiate wet friction. The addition of enzyme serves to promote and control the process. Enzyme processes are also used to weaken and remove the long fibrils after an initial fibrillation. This process is described in detail in "ITB Veredelung, 2/94, p. 5; R. Breier, finishing of Lyocell fibers, chemical fibers / textile industry, 44th / 96th year, November / December 1994, p. 812; Lyocell -Fibers: Manufacture, properties, areas of application in chemical fibers / textile industry, 43rd / 95th year, October 1993, p. 745: I. Marini, Lenzing Lyocell fibers in chemical fibers / textile industry, 43th / 95th year, November 1993, P. 878.

In der Praxis wird die Fibrillierung meist bei der Strangbehandlung eingeleitet und diskontinuierlich durchgeführt. Bekannte Fibrillierungsverfahren beanspruchen viele Stunden Behandlungsdauer. Dagegen geht man bisher davon aus, dass bei der klassischen Form des Finish von Tencel-Stoff (Behandlung "offen-breit") keine Fibrillierung auftritt.In practice, fibrillation is usually initiated during strand treatment and carried out discontinuously. Known fibrillation procedures take many hours of treatment. In contrast, it has previously been assumed that the classic form of the finish of Tencel fabric (treatment "open-wide") does not cause fibrillation.

Die Erfindung schlägt jedoch vor, die Fibrillierung von fibrillierbare Cellulosefasern wie Lyocell, insbesondere von Tencel-Fasern enthaltenden textilen Flächengebilden bei breiter Ware durchzuführen. Erfindungsgemäss lässt sich dies erreichen, wenn die breite Warenbahn durch einen mit hoher Geschwindigkeit strömenden Flüssigkeitsstrom beaufschlagt und von diesem beschleunigt und mit dem Flüssigkeitsstrom gegen eine Prallfläche geschleudert wird und wenn der Beschleunigungs- und Schleudervorgang so oft wiederholt wird, bis Oberflächenbereiche der Fasern gespalten werden und sich Fibrillen bilden.However, the invention proposes to carry out the fibrillation of fibrillatable cellulose fibers such as Lyocell, in particular of textile fabrics containing Tencel fibers, with a wide range of goods. According to the invention, this can be achieved if the wide web of material is acted upon by a liquid stream flowing at high speed and accelerated by it and hurled with the liquid stream against an impact surface and if the acceleration and spinning process is repeated until surface areas of the fibers are split and fibrils form.

In bekannter Weise kann dabei die Fibrillierung durch Enzymbehandlung, Temperatur und pH-Werteinstellung beeinflusst werden. Die Erfindung lässt sich einsetzen, um Ware primär zu fibrillieren und z.B. in einem nachgeschalteten Enzymprozess in bekannter Weise die langen Fibrillen durch Enzymbehandlung zu entfernen. Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren kann auch für die sekundäre Fibrillierung eingesetzt werden, das heisst also für einen Fibrillierungsprozess, der einer ersten Fibrillierung, einer darauffolgenden Behandlung zur Kürzung der zu langen Fibrillen und gegebenenfalls sonstigen Ausrüstungsschritten nach geschaltet ist.Fibrillation can be influenced in a known manner by enzyme treatment, temperature and pH adjustment. The invention can be used to primarily fibrillate goods and, for example, in a downstream enzyme process to remove the long fibrils in a known manner by enzyme treatment. The method according to the invention can also be used for secondary fibrillation, that is to say for a fibrillation process which follows a first fibrillation, a subsequent treatment to shorten the fibrils which are too long, and possibly other finishing steps.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Warenbahn in einem Warenspeicher angesammelt und aus diesem durch die mit hoher Geschwindigkeit strömende Flüssigkeit abgezogen wird. Die lose in einem derartigen Warenspeicher liegende Ware kann besonders gut durch die mit hoher Geschwindigkeit strömende Flüssigkeit mitgerissen und beschleunigt werden.It is particularly advantageous if the material web is accumulated in a goods store and withdrawn from it by the liquid flowing at high speed. The goods lying loose in such a store can be carried along and accelerated particularly well by the liquid flowing at high speed.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es weiter, wenn die Warenbahn sequentiell in entgegengesetzter Richtung von einem derartigen Flüssigkeitsstrom mitgerissen und gegen Prallflächen geschleudert wird. So ist es z.B. denkbar, die in einem Spalt breit geführte Ware durch den Flüssigkeitsstrom zu fördern, gegen eine Prallfläche zu schleudern, die Ware in einem Warenspeicher zu sammeln, sodann den Flüssigkeitsstrom in der Richtung umzukehren und die Ware in der entgegengesetzten Richtung durch den Spalt zu beschleunigen und gegen eine auf der anderen Seite des Spaltes angeordnete zweite Prallfläche zu schleudern und dort die Ware wieder in einem Warenspeicher anzusammeln. Die Ware würde also abwechselnd "vorwärts und rückwärts" durch den Führungsspalt gefördert. Wenn dabei die Zeitdauer für die Förderung in "vorwärts"-Richtung länger ist als die Zeitdauer für die Förderung in die entgegengesetzte Richtung, ergibt sich eine resultierende "Vorwärts"-Förderung. Z.B. kann in die eine Richtung sechs Sekunden gefördert werden, sodann wird umgeschaltet und für nur fünf Sekunden in die Gegenrichtung gefördert. Darnach wird wieder für sechs Sekunden vorwärts gefördert und fünf Sekunden rückwärts gefördert usw.. Damit durchläuft die Ware etwa zehn Beschleunigungsvorgänge, wobei sie jeweils gegen eine Prallplatte geschleudert wird.It is also particularly advantageous if the web of material is sequentially entrained in the opposite direction by such a liquid stream and is hurled against impact surfaces. For example, it is conceivable to convey the goods, which are wide in a gap, through the liquid flow, to throw them against a baffle, to collect the goods in a goods store, then to reverse the liquid flow in the direction and the goods in the opposite direction through the gap to accelerate and hurl against a second baffle on the other side of the gap and collect the goods there again in a goods store. The goods would alternately be conveyed "forward and backward" through the guide gap. If the time period for funding in the "forward" direction is longer than the time period for funding in the opposite direction, the result is a "forward" funding. For example, you can feed in one direction for six seconds, then switch over and feed in the opposite direction for only five seconds. After that, it is conveyed forward again for six seconds and conveyed backwards for five seconds, etc. whereby it is thrown against a baffle plate.

Konkret empfiehlt sich dementsprechend das Anordnen von zwei Warenspeichern, in welchen die Ware jeweils locker angesammelt wird, nachdem sie gegen eine Prallfläche geschleudert wurde. Aus einem solchen Warenspeicher lassen sich dann die entsprechend gewünschten Teilmengen abtransportieren, während der verbleibende Rest für einen weiteren Behandlungszyklus, das heisst Beschleunigung in die entgegengesetzte Richtung wieder zur Verfügung steht.Specifically, it is advisable to arrange two goods stores, in which the goods are loosely collected after being thrown against a baffle. The correspondingly desired partial quantities can then be removed from such a goods store, while the remainder is available again for a further treatment cycle, that is to say acceleration in the opposite direction.

Derartige Behandlungszyklen mit wechselweisem Beschleunigen und Schleudern der Ware gegen Prallflächen führt zu besonders guten Griffeigenschaften. Selbstverständlich wäre es aber denkbar, die Ware nur in einer Richtung durch eine Anordnung zu fördern und nach Behandlung der gewünschten Warenmenge den Vorgang in die Gegenrichtung zu wiederholen.Such treatment cycles with alternating acceleration and spinning of the goods against impact surfaces lead to particularly good grip properties. Of course, it would also be conceivable to convey the goods in one direction by means of an arrangement and to repeat the process in the opposite direction after treating the desired quantity of goods.

Besonders gute Ergebnisse lassen sich erzielen, wenn die Warenbahn auf eine Geschwindigkeit von wenigstens 8 m/Sek. vorzugsweise auf eine Geschwindigkeit von 9 m/Sek. bis 15 m/Sek. beschleunigt wird.Particularly good results can be achieved if the material web is at a speed of at least 8 m / sec. preferably to a speed of 9 m / sec. up to 15 m / s is accelerated.

Dies lässt sich vor allem erreichen, wenn die Geschwindigkeit des Flüssigkeitsstrahls (vorzugsweise ein Wasserstrahl) im Förder-Spalt etwa 12 bis 20 m/Sek., vorzugsweise etwa 15 m/Sek. beträgt.This can be achieved above all if the velocity of the liquid jet (preferably a water jet) in the delivery gap is approximately 12 to 20 m / s, preferably approximately 15 m / s. is.

Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren zum Fibrillieren von in einer textilen Bahn enthaltenen Cellulosefasern, insbesondere Lyocell-Fasern (wie Tencel-Fasern), lässt sich besonders vorteilhaft mit einer Vorrichtung durchführen, bei der eine breit zugeführte Warenbahn in einem von einer Flüssigkeit durchströmten Führungsspalt beschleunigt wird, wenn der Führungsspalt wenigstens auf einer Seite durch ein Düsenelement begrenzt ist, das einen Zufuhrkanal für die Flüssigkeit aufweist und das auf zwei entgegengesetzten Seiten einen sich zum Führungsspalt verengenden Austrittsspalt sowie ein Ventilelement zum abwechselnden Verschliessen eines der Austrittsspalte aufweist.The method according to the invention for fibrillating cellulose fibers contained in a textile web, in particular lyocell fibers (such as Tencel fibers), can be carried out particularly advantageously with a device in which a wide web of material is accelerated in a guide gap through which a liquid flows if the guide gap at least on one side through a nozzle element is limited, which has a feed channel for the liquid and which has an outlet gap narrowing towards the guide gap and a valve element for alternately closing one of the outlet gaps on two opposite sides.

Besonders gleichmässige und gute Beschleunigungswerte lassen sich erreichen, wenn in beiden Flächen des Führungsspalts Austrittsspalte für die Flüssigkeit vorgesehen sind, so dass die Ware sowohl auf der Oberseite als auch auf ihrer Unterseite der Beschleunigung durch die Flüssigkeit ausgesetzt ist.Particularly uniform and good acceleration values can be achieved if outlet gaps for the liquid are provided in both surfaces of the guide gap, so that the goods are exposed to the acceleration by the liquid both on the top and on their underside.

Statt eines Austrittsspalts für die Flüssigkeit lassen sich selbstverständlich auch mehrere Austrittsspalte vorsehen, sofern dies strömungstechnisch günstige Werte mit sich bringt. In der Praxis hat es sich besonders bewährt, wenn sich jeder Austrittsspalt in Richtung auf den Führungspalt zu verjüngt und wenn die Strömungsachse des Austrittspalts etwa unter einem Winkel α von 10° bis 20° vorzugsweise von etwa 15° zur Ebene des Führungsspalts geneigt ist.Instead of an outlet gap for the liquid, it is of course also possible to provide a plurality of outlet gaps, provided that this results in values which are favorable in terms of flow technology. In practice, it has proven particularly useful if each outlet gap tapers in the direction of the guide gap and if the flow axis of the outlet gap is inclined at an angle α of approximately 10 ° to 20 °, preferably approximately 15 °, to the plane of the guide gap.

Die Erfindung ist im folgendem in Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer fibrillierten Tencel Faser als Beispiel für eine fibrillierte Cellulose Faser,
Fig. 2
die schematische Darstellung eines Warenlaufs mit den Merkmalen der Erfindung,
Fig. 3
eine Schnittdarstellung durch einen Führungsspalt zum Beschleunigen der Warenbahn mit den Merkmalen der Erfindung, und
Fig. 4
die ausschnittsweise Darstellung des Führungsspalts gemäss Fig. 3 in der Ansicht aus der Richtung "A" gemäss Fig. 3.
The invention is explained in more detail below in exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. Show it
Fig. 1
1 shows a schematic representation of a fibrillated Tencel fiber as an example of a fibrillated cellulose fiber,
Fig. 2
the schematic representation of a goods run with the features of the invention,
Fig. 3
a sectional view through a guide gap to accelerate the web with the features of the invention, and
Fig. 4
3 the view of the guide gap according to FIG. 3 from the direction "A" according to FIG. 3.

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch eine Tencel-Faser 1 von welcher Fibrillen 2 abstehen. Die Tencel-Faser 1 ist Bestandteil eines nicht dargestellten Gewebes, dass einer erfindungsgemässen Behandlung unterzogen wurde.Fig. 1 shows schematically a Tencel fiber 1 from which fibrils 2 protrude. The Tencel fiber 1 is part of a fabric, not shown, that has been subjected to a treatment according to the invention.

Wie in Fig. 2 schematisch dargestellt, wird eine Warenbahn 3 einer Vorrichtung zum Fibrillieren 4 über eine Förderwalze 5 von einer nicht dargestellten Fördereinrichtung zugeführt. Die Förderwalze 5 fördert laufend die Warenbahn in einen Warenspeicher 6. Von dort durchläuft die Warenbahn 3 den Führungsspalt 7 einer Beschleunigungseinrichtung 8.As shown schematically in FIG. 2, a material web 3 is fed to a device for fibrillation 4 via a conveyor roller 5 from a conveyor device, not shown. The conveyor roller 5 continuously conveys the web into a goods store 6. From there, the web 3 passes through the guide nip 7 of an acceleration device 8.

Der Führungsspalt 7 wird durch eine obere und eine untere Führungsbahn 9 a und 9 b begrenzt. In der unteren Führungsbahn sind seitlich zwei Austrittsspalte 10 vorgesehen, wobei jeweils einer der Spalte durch Ventil-Mittel 11 verschliessbar ist. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Fig. 2 ist der Austrittsspalt 10 a verschlossen, während der Austrittsspalt 10 b geöffnet ist, während beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Fig. 3 der Austrittsspalt 10 b als verschlossen dargestellt ist. Durch den Austrittsspalt tritt Wasser mit einer Geschwindigkeit von etwa 15 m/Sek. aus, das von einer Zuführleitung 12 zugeführt wird. Das aus der Austrittsspalte 10 b strömende Wasser reisst die Warenbahn 3 mit, beschleunigt sie und schleudert sie gegen eine Prallfläche 13, wodurch die Warenbahn 3 und die Fasern, aus der die Warenbahn 3 besteht, mechanisch beansprucht werden. Von der Prallfläche 13 fällt die Warenbahn abwärts in einen Warenspeicher 17, aus welchem sie durch Förderwalzen 14 und 15 abtransportiert werden kann.The guide gap 7 is delimited by an upper and a lower guide track 9 a and 9 b. Two outlet gaps 10 are provided laterally in the lower guideway, one of the gaps being closable by valve means 11. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, the outlet gap 10 a is closed, while the outlet gap 10 b is open, while in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 the outlet gap 10 b is shown as closed. Water flows through the outlet gap at a speed of approximately 15 m / sec. from which is fed from a feed line 12. The water flowing out of the outlet column 10b entrains the web 3, accelerates it and hurls it against an impact surface 13, as a result of which the web 3 and the fibers from which the web 3 is made are mechanically stressed. The web of material falls downward from the baffle 13 into a goods store 17, from which it can be transported away by conveyor rollers 14 and 15.

Um die Warenbahn 3 mehrfach der beschriebenen Behandlung auszusetzen, lässt sich das Ventil-Mittel seitlich verschieben, so dass abwechselnd die Austrittsspalten 10 a oder die Austrittsspalten 10 b verschlossen wird. Je nachdem, durch welchen Austrittsspalt die Flüssigkeit mit hoher Geschwindigkeit austritt, wird die Warenbahn 3 entweder gegen die Prallfläche 13 oder die Prallfläche 16 geschleudert. Das wechselseitige Schleudern bewirkt besonders gleichmässige und für den Griff der Ware wirksame mechanische Behandlung der Warenbahn.In order to subject the web 3 to the treatment described several times, the valve means can be moved laterally, so that the outlet gaps 10 a or the outlet gaps 10 b are alternately closed. Depending on the outlet gap through which the liquid exits at high speed, the web 3 is thrown either against the impact surface 13 or the impact surface 16. The alternate spinning results in a particularly uniform and effective mechanical treatment of the web for the handle of the goods.

Fig. 3 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel bei dem ein Führungsspalt 7 sowohl auf der Oberseite als auch auf der Unterseite der Warenbahn 3 mit Austrittsspalten 10 a, 10 b, versehen ist. Dementsprechend sind auch zwei Ventil-Mittel 11 vorgesehen, die beim dargestellten Betriebszustand die Austrittspalten 10 b verschliessen, so dass die Flüssigkeit den Austrittsspalten 10 a zugeführt wird und die Ware in Richtung des Pfeils x gefördert und beschleunigt wird.Fig. 3 shows an embodiment in which a guide gap 7 is provided both on the top and on the bottom of the web 3 with outlet gaps 10 a, 10 b. Accordingly, two valve means 11 are also provided which close the outlet gaps 10 b in the operating state shown, so that the liquid is fed to the outlet gaps 10 a and the goods are conveyed and accelerated in the direction of the arrow x.

Fig. 4 zeigt im Ausschnitt eine Daraufsicht auf den Führungsspalt 7 gemäss Fig. 3, durch welchen die Warenbahn 3 durch das mit hoher Geschwindigkeit geförderte Wasser transportiert wird. Die Austrittspalten 10a und 10b sind dabei beidseitig gestrichelt angedeutet. (Wie vorstehend ausgeführt, ist beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Fig. 2 nur auf der Unterseite des Führungsspalts 7 eine Austrittsöffnung 10 a vorgesehen).FIG. 4 shows a detail of a top view of the guide gap 7 according to FIG. 3, through which the material web 3 is transported through the water conveyed at high speed. The exit gaps 10a and 10b are indicated by dashed lines on both sides. (As stated above, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, an outlet opening 10 a is provided only on the underside of the guide gap 7).

Durch die Anzahl der Behandlungsschritte (Schleudern auf eine Prallfläche), die Regelung der Aufprall-Geschwindigkeit, durch einseitiges oder wechselseitiges Behandeln lässt sich bei der Erfindung der Fibrillierungsgrad und damit auch die Oberflächenbeschaffenheit und der Griff der Ware beeinflussen. Vorgeschaltete und oder nachgeschaltete Enzym-Behandlungsschritte können eingesetzt werden, um die Fibrillierung zusätzlich zu beeinflussen.The number of treatment steps (spinning onto an impact surface), the regulation of the impact speed, and one-sided or mutual treatment allow the degree of fibrillation and thus also the surface quality and the feel of the goods to be influenced in the invention. Upstream and downstream enzyme treatment steps can be used to additionally influence fibrillation.

Vor allem bei einer Anordnung gemäss Fig. 3, bei der sowohl an der Oberseite des Führungsspalts 7 als auch an der Unterseite des Führungsspalts 7 Austrittsspalten 10 a und 10 b für die Flüssigkeit vorgesehen sind, lässt sich nicht nur "offenbreite" Ware sondern auch Schlauchware behandeln, sofern dies gewünscht wird. Dies führt zu besonders wirtschaftlichen Resultaten, wobei überraschenderweise eine Oberflächenbehandlung auch im inneren des Schlauches auftritt, obwohl dieser nicht direkt mit der Prallfläche in Berührung kommt. Die Behandlung besteht generell aus drei Komponenten: (1) Stoff-Prallblech; (2) Stoff-Wasser; (3) Stoff-Stoff.Especially with an arrangement according to FIG. 3, in which both At the top of the guide gap 7 and at the bottom of the guide gap 7, outlet gaps 10 a and 10 b are provided for the liquid, not only can "open-width" goods but also tubular goods be treated, if this is desired. This leads to particularly economical results, with a surface treatment surprisingly also occurring inside the hose, although the hose does not come into direct contact with the impact surface. The treatment generally consists of three components: (1) fabric baffle; (2) fabric water; (3) fabric-fabric.

Die Kraft, mit der die nasse Ware gegen die Prallflächen geschleudert wird, hängt ersichtlicherweise sowohl von der Geschwindigkeit der Förder-Flüssigkeit als auch der Länge des Beschleunigungswegs, etwaiger Bremswirkungen sowie der Masse der nassen Ware im Moment des Aufpralls ab. Typischerweise treten beim Aufprall Kräfte pro Zentimeter Warenbreite in der Grössenordnung von 2,5 bis 9 Newton auf. Vorzugsweise liegen die Werte zwischen 5 und 9 Newton pro cm. Dies führt zu besonders guten Fibrillierungsergebnissen.The force with which the wet goods are thrown against the impact surfaces obviously depends on both the speed of the conveyed liquid and the length of the acceleration path, any braking effects and the mass of the wet goods at the moment of the impact. Typically, forces per centimeter of goods width in the range of 2.5 to 9 Newtons occur on impact. The values are preferably between 5 and 9 Newtons per cm. This leads to particularly good fibrillation results.

Besonders wirksam ist die Erfindung beim Einsatz mit Geweben, die vollständig aus fibrillierbaren Cellulose-Fasern, wie "Lyocell"-Fasern (insbesondere Tencel-Fasern) bestehen. Es ist aber auch möglich, Ware zu behandeln, die aus Mischfasern oder Mischgeweben besteht.The invention is particularly effective when used with fabrics which consist entirely of fibrillatable cellulose fibers, such as "Lyocell" fibers (in particular Tencel fibers). However, it is also possible to treat goods that consist of mixed fibers or mixed fabrics.

Claims (9)

Verfahren zum Fibrillieren von in einer textilen Warenbahn (3) enthaltenen fibrillierbaren Cellulose-Fasern, insbesondere Lyocell-Fasern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ausgebreitete Warenbahn durch einen mit hoher Geschwindigkeit strömenden Flüssigkeitsstrom beaufschlagt und beschleunigt wird, dass die beschleunigte Warenbahn durch den Flüssigkeitsstrom gegen eine Prallfläche (13, 16) geschleudert wird, und dass der Beschleunigungs- und Schleudervorgang so oft wiederholt wird, bis Oberflächenbereiche der Fasern gespalten werden und sich Fibrillen bilden.Method for fibrillating fibrillatable cellulose fibers, in particular lyocell fibers, contained in a textile web (3), characterized in that the spread web is acted upon and accelerated by a liquid stream flowing at high speed, and the accelerated web is counteracted by a liquid stream Impact surface (13, 16) is thrown, and that the acceleration and spinning process is repeated until surface areas of the fibers are split and fibrils form. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Warenbahn (3) in einem Warenspeicher (6) angesammelt und sodann dem Flüssigkeitsstrom zugeführt wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the web (3) is accumulated in a goods store (6) and then fed to the liquid flow. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Warenbahn (3) von der Prallfläche (13) einem zweiten Warenspeicher (17) zugeführt und dort angesammelt wird, dass sodann durch einen in entgegengesetzter Richtung strömenden Flüssigkeitsstrom die Warenbahn aus dem zweiten Warenspeicher (17) abgezogen und in den ersten Warenspeicher (6) zurückbefördert wird, wobei die Warenbahn (3) von dem mit hoher Geschwindigkeit strömenden Flüssigkeitsstrom beschleunigt und gegen eine zweite Prallfläche (16) geschleudert wird.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the web (3) is fed from the impact surface (13) to a second goods store (17) and is accumulated there, so that the web of goods from the second goods store () flows in the opposite direction. 17) is withdrawn and conveyed back into the first goods store (6), the material web (3) being accelerated by the liquid stream flowing at high speed and being thrown against a second impact surface (16). Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Warenbahn (3) durch einen alternierenden Flüssigkeitsstrom abwechselnd zwischen den beiden Warenspeichern (6, 17) hin und her gefördert und dabei jeweils gegen eine Prallfläche (13, 16) geschleudert wird.Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the material web (3) is alternately conveyed back and forth between the two goods stores (6, 17) by an alternating liquid flow and in each case is thrown against an impact surface (13, 16). Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem ersten Warenspeicher (6) laufend zusätzlich Ware (3) zugeführt und dass aus dem zweiten Warenspeicher (17) laufend Ware abgeführt wird, und dass bei vorbestimmten Förder- und Beschleunigungsschritten eine längere Warenbahn (3) in den zweiten Warenspeicher (17) gefördert wird, als beim darauffolgenden, entgegengesetzt gerichteten Beschleunigungsprozess zurück in den ersten Warenspeicher (6) gefördert wird.A method according to claim 4, characterized in that additional goods (3) are continuously fed to the first goods store (6) and that goods are continuously removed from the second goods store (17), and that a longer web (3) is used for predetermined conveying and acceleration steps. is conveyed into the second goods store (17) than is conveyed back into the first goods store (6) in the subsequent, oppositely directed acceleration process. Verfahren nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Warenbahn auf eine Geschwindigkeit von wenigstens 8 m/Sek., vorzugsweise auf eine Geschwindigkeit von 9 m/Sek. bis 15 m/Sek. beschleunigt wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the web of material at a speed of at least 8 m / sec., Preferably at a speed of 9 m / sec. up to 15 m / s is accelerated. Vorrichtung zum Fibrillieren von in einer textilen Warenbahn enthaltenen fibrillierbaren Cellulose-Fasern, insbesondere von Tencel-Fasern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine die zu fibrillierenden Fasern (1) enthaltene Warenbahn (3) in einem von einer Flüssigkeit durchströmten Führungsspalt (7) beschleunigt wird, wobei der Führungsspalt (7) wenigstens auf einer Seite durch ein Düsenelement (9a, 9b, 10a, 10b) begrenzt ist, das einen Zufuhrkanal (12) für die Flüssigkeit und auf zwei entgegengesetzten Seiten einen sich zum Führungsspalt (7) verengenden düsenartigen Austrittsspalt (10a, 10b) und ein Ventil-Element (11) zum abwechselnden Verschliessen einer der Austrittsspalten (10a, 10b) aufweist.Device for fibrillating fibrillatable cellulose fibers contained in a textile web, in particular Tencel fibers, characterized in that a web (3) containing the fibers to be fibrillated (3) is accelerated in a guide gap (7) through which a liquid flows, the guide gap (7) being delimited on at least one side by a nozzle element (9a, 9b, 10a, 10b) which has a feed channel (12) for the liquid and on two opposite sides a nozzle-like outlet gap (5) narrowing towards the guide gap (7) 10a, 10b) and a valve element (11) for alternately closing one of the outlet gaps (10a, 10b). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf beiden Seiten des Führungsspalts (7) Austrittsspalte (10a, 10b) vorgesehen sind.Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that outlet gaps (10a, 10b) are provided on both sides of the guide gap (7). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Austrittsspalt (10a, 10b) unter einem Winkel a von 10 bis 25 und vorzugsweise von 15° bis 20° zur Ebene des Führungsspalts (7) verläuft.Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the outlet gap (10a, 10b) under one Angle a from 10 to 25 and preferably from 15 ° to 20 ° to the plane of the guide gap (7).
EP97810241A 1996-05-08 1997-04-18 Method and device for fibrillating easily fibrillated cellulose fibres, particularly tencel fibres Expired - Lifetime EP0806512B1 (en)

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US6753080B1 (en) 2002-01-29 2004-06-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Receptor medium having a microfibrillated surface
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JPH1088467A (en) 1998-04-07
DE59704221D1 (en) 2001-09-13

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