EP0811340A2 - Upholstery material - Google Patents

Upholstery material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0811340A2
EP0811340A2 EP97108849A EP97108849A EP0811340A2 EP 0811340 A2 EP0811340 A2 EP 0811340A2 EP 97108849 A EP97108849 A EP 97108849A EP 97108849 A EP97108849 A EP 97108849A EP 0811340 A2 EP0811340 A2 EP 0811340A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
material according
upholstery
upholstery material
strand materials
textile
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP97108849A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0811340A3 (en
Inventor
Dieter Moritz
Steffen Krämer
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Straehle & Hess & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Straehle & Hess & Co KG GmbH
Straehle & Hess
Strahle & Hess GmbH
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Application filed by Straehle & Hess & Co KG GmbH, Straehle & Hess, Strahle & Hess GmbH filed Critical Straehle & Hess & Co KG GmbH
Publication of EP0811340A2 publication Critical patent/EP0811340A2/en
Publication of EP0811340A3 publication Critical patent/EP0811340A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/62—Accessories for chairs
    • A47C7/72—Adaptations for incorporating lamps, radio sets, bars, telephones, ventilation, heating or cooling arrangements or the like
    • A47C7/74—Adaptations for incorporating lamps, radio sets, bars, telephones, ventilation, heating or cooling arrangements or the like for ventilation, heating or cooling
    • A47C7/742—Adaptations for incorporating lamps, radio sets, bars, telephones, ventilation, heating or cooling arrangements or the like for ventilation, heating or cooling for ventilating or cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a new type of upholstery material for upholstering surfaces in particular that require ventilation or rear ventilation.
  • the novel upholstery material comprises a multiplicity of textile, air-permeable strand materials which are arranged parallel to one another and which are elastically deformable and are connected to one another to form a manageable flat structure.
  • the textile, air-permeable strand materials used according to the invention have a dimensional stability in the sense that they can be elastically deformed, but only to a degree at which the air permeability of the strand materials is still maintained, i. that is, the air volumes of the strand material are still present to a considerable extent.
  • the upholstery materials according to the invention in particular, a collapse of pores is avoided, as is the case when loading conventional elastically deformable foam materials, in which air exchange in the upholstery material can then no longer take place in the loaded state.
  • the upholstery materials according to the invention are particularly suitable for upholstering surfaces which require ventilation or rear ventilation and also make it possible to produce such upholstery surfaces from essentially pure materials, ie. H. to avoid a mix of materials in the upholstery structure.
  • upholstery materials according to the invention in particular, single-variety upholstery or upholstery materials, especially under Using polyester, polypropylene, polyamide, polyethylene and natural fibers.
  • the foam materials according to the invention can be used to replace polyurethane foam parts or else the rubber hair materials that are often used as cushion pads.
  • the textile strand materials are preferably connected to one another by weaving technology. This means that the strand materials are woven into a woven matrix of warp and weft threads, the strand materials being inserted, for example, parallel to the warp threads.
  • the textile strand materials can, for example, be glued to the side surfaces in contact with one another.
  • Another and most preferred alternative is that of knitting the strand materials together, the strand materials being incorporated into the knitted fabric in particular in the warp direction.
  • the warp threads of the knitted fabrics preferably comprise multifilaments or staple fiber yarns, which also applies to the weft threads in preferred embodiments.
  • the textile strand materials are particularly preferably produced from monofilaments with a diameter of approximately 0.1 to approximately 0.5 mm.
  • the upholstery material according to the invention can already be used as such for upholstering a wide variety of surfaces, in particular vehicle seats, while for other applications the upholstery material preferably has a cover layer comprises, which can be designed in particular as a decorative layer.
  • the decorative layer can be present, for example, in the form of a textile, synthetic leather or a plastic film and in many cases can preferably be laminated onto the layer of parallel strand material.
  • the upholstery material according to the invention with a decorative layer in the form of a textile or synthetic leather can be used directly as upholstery cover for seating furniture, in particular heavily used seating furniture such as e.g. Motor vehicle seats, seats in trams and S-Bru etc. are used.
  • the textile as a decorative layer is chosen depending on the application, so that additional padding or covering of the cushion layer can be omitted.
  • the upholstery material according to the invention can be used as a foam substitute, with the advantage that this upholstery material can perform a ventilation function and also in a loaded state, since the air volumes cannot collapse in the loaded state, but always remain to a large extent .
  • the upholstery material according to the invention can be used, for example, as a replacement for rubber hair mats in the backrest part of motor vehicle seats, which were always separated out and recycled separately when recycling vehicle seats. Since the choice of material in the upholstery layer according to the invention can be based on the choice of material of the materials otherwise used in the seat structure, it is possible to obtain an essentially pure upholstery structure in motor vehicle seats.
  • the upholstery material in particular laminated with a decorative layer, is suitable as impact protection in the vehicle area, for example for cladding the dashboard, the side panels, the body pillars, etc.
  • the above division of the possible uses of the upholstery material according to the invention means no restriction to these applications.
  • Particularly preferred strand materials are tubular, in which case the ventilation function can be improved in that the tubular strand material is coupled to the vehicle ventilation system and can thus be used for heating or cooling the motor vehicle seat. There is then active seat ventilation and not just passive ventilation, which results from loading and unloading the upholstery material with the associated air exchange.
  • the tubular strand materials can be knitted, braided or made of lace, with so-called knitted tubes being preferred in particular.
  • Knitted tubes as such are known per se as elastic stiffening inserts for so-called piping from DE 42 33 827 A1. Reference is expressly made here to the manufacture of the knitted tubes described in this publication.
  • 3D braided strand materials or 3D knitted strand materials can also be used in connection with the present invention, the interior of the tubular strand materials having a certain degree of coverage of monofilaments or during manufacture of the strand materials used yarns.
  • the 3D braided or knitted strand materials are also provided with a relatively large void volume, so that the air permeability and their ventilation function are sufficiently provided.
  • the invention further relates to the use of the cushion material as a cushion cover, a textile preferably being applied to the cushion material, preferably being laminated on.
  • the cover material or the wear layer is supplied with the upholstery material and can be applied together with the upholstery at the same time in one operation.
  • the upholstery cover is of particular importance in the manufacture of motor vehicle seats, since the seat and backrest middle part of a motor vehicle seat is preferably formed with materials other than a polyurethane foam, in order to ensure adequate ventilation of the seat and in particular the backrest surfaces.
  • the upholstery material according to the invention can have elastic properties on the one hand, but can also have a relatively high stiffness, it can be incorporated relatively easily into an integral foam part of the seat. This can e.g. B. happen so that one provides in the integral foam part of the seat cushion grooves in which the free ends of the tube materials of the cushion material are inserted in each case. An additional attachment to the integral foam part can be omitted in many cases.
  • the back of the cushion material is laminated with a film. This Material can be inserted and foamed into the mold when the upholstery foam is formed
  • a great advantage of the upholstery materials according to the invention is that they can be produced with a relatively low basis weight or density, for example with basis weights significantly below 1,400 g per m 2 or less than 250 kg per m 3 .
  • the additional advantage compared to normal foams or integral foams is that when the upholstery material is loaded, the cavity structure does not collapse and disappear, but is retained to a large extent, so that a passive ventilation function is maintained and even an active one in any state of loading of the upholstery Ventilation is possible.
  • FIG. 1 shows a strand material 10 to be used according to the invention as a so-called knitted tube with a circular cross-section, the diameter of which can be, for example, 3-20 mm.
  • the circular cross section is not a requirement for the use of such strand materials in connection with the present invention. Rather, the cross section can also be oval, box-shaped or the like. However, is preferred a circular cross section due to the higher stability of such extruded profiles.
  • the strand profile shown of the strand materials according to FIG. 1 has excellent rebound properties and it shows no signs of fatigue, in particular no so-called whitening, even under heavy load.
  • the strand material 10 shown in FIG. 1 is preferably knitted from monofilament plastic threads, with the knitting needles on the circular knitting machine being fed either a single monofilament or several bundled but untwisted monofilaments.
  • the strand materials to be used according to the invention from twisted thermoplastic synthetic yarns.
  • the strand material is particularly stable through heat fixation after knitting, which results in a certain amount of gluing of the monofilaments at crossover points.
  • the extent of the fixation can on the one hand influence the porosity and thus the air permeability of the material, and on the other hand also its buckling resistance and compliance with radial loads.
  • Tubing materials as shown in FIG. 1 or else those that have been produced in a different way and thereby retain their textile character and in particular their air permeability, can be processed into cushioning materials according to the invention, as is shown schematically by way of example in FIG. 2.
  • strand materials preferably tube materials 14, 16, 18, 20 are arranged parallel to one another and in the warp direction and integrated into a knitted fabric.
  • fringes 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 are also formed, which are each arranged between two adjacent pieces of hose material 14, 16 or 16, 18 or 18, 20.
  • the wefts 32, 34 and 36 are shifted on the densely populated side, up to the next but one needle of the knitting machine. Every 13th weft thread is laid on the more open side 1-1 in Figure 2 behind the image plane in order to bind the strand materials 14, 16, 18, 20.
  • the strand materials are formed as knitted tubes from monofilaments with a diameter of 0.2 mm, a knitted tube diameter of approximately 6 mm being produced. This results in a length weight of the strand materials produced in this way of approximately 8.1 g per m.
  • For the area connection of the strand materials approx. 15 strands per 10 cm are worked into a textile weave in the warp direction and the warp threads are arranged in a fringe between the strand materials as described above.
  • the weft and warp threads made of polyester multifilaments have a titer of 167 dtex.
  • a spring characteristic curve as shown in FIG. 6 results for such a cushioning material.
  • the spring characteristic was recorded with different load weights based on DIN 53855.
  • weft threads 40 are also carried out in each fringe stitch, which cause a flat covering of the strand materials on the one side (front side in FIG. 2) together with the weft threads 34, 36 and 38.
  • the result of such a textile integration the strand materials are shown again in detail in FIG. 4.
  • a cushion material 44 is obtained in such a way that the strand materials 46, 48, 50, 52 are in turn separated from fringes 54 in the warp direction and arranged next to one another and from wefts 56 or 58 that are in front of or behind the sheet plane.
  • FIG. 5 also shows a vehicle seat 60 of a motor vehicle, in which a seat part 62 and a back part 64 are constructed from a shell part 66 or 68 and integral foam bodies 70 or 72 held therein.
  • a cushion material 74 according to the invention, which is finally covered by a textile material 76 together with the respective integral foam bodies.
  • a recess or a groove is preferably formed in the integral foam bodies 70, 72, which is then covered by the cushioning material 74 according to the invention.
  • the cushion material 74 according to the invention is not covered separately and together with the integral foam body 70 or 72 with a textile 76, but that a textile or the like is laminated directly onto the cushion material 74 according to the invention as a decorative layer. The lamination with an additional upholstery material is then limited to covering the remaining integral foam body.
  • the strand materials Due to the bending stiffness of the strand materials transversely to the strand direction, they can be very easily attached in the integral foam body, in which in the side seat beads or Back protrusions are recessed grooves that each receive and guide the free ends of the strand materials of the cushioning material according to the invention and thus also hold them in the correct position. This allows a very simple assembly of the vehicle seats.

Abstract

The textile strand materials are joined to each other by web technique, can be adhered to one another, or are joined to one another by knitting technique. They are bound into the weave in the warp direction. The warp threads of the weave incorporate multi-filaments or rayon yarns, so do the weft threads. The textile strand materials can also be produced as monofils with a diameter of approximately 0.1 to approximately 0.5 mm. The cushion material incorporates a cover layer, which is preferably formed as a decorative layer in the form of a textile, artificial leather or plastic sheet.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein neuartiges Polstermaterial zur Polsterung von insbesondere solchen Flächen, die eine Belüftung oder Hinterlüftung benötigen.The invention relates to a new type of upholstery material for upholstering surfaces in particular that require ventilation or rear ventilation.

Das neuartige Polstermaterial umfaßt eine Vielzahl von parallel zueinander angeordneter, textiler, luftdurchlässiger Strangmaterialien, welche elastisch verformbar sind und zu einem handhabbaren Flächengebilde miteinander verbunden sind.The novel upholstery material comprises a multiplicity of textile, air-permeable strand materials which are arranged parallel to one another and which are elastically deformable and are connected to one another to form a manageable flat structure.

Die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten textilen, luftdurchlässigen Strangmaterialien weisen eine Formstabilität auf in dem Sinne, daß sie sich zwar elastisch verformen lassen, jedoch nur bis zu einem Grad, bei dem die Luftdurchlässigkeit der Strangmaterialien noch erhalten ist, d. h., daß die Luftvolumina des Strangmaterials noch zu einem erheblichen Teil vorhanden sind. Vermieden wird bei den erfindungsgemäßen Polstermaterialien insbesondere ein Zusammenfallen von Poren wie dies bei der Belastung von üblichen elastisch verformbaren Schaummaterialien der Fall ist, bei denen dann im belasteten Zustand ein Luftaustausch im Polstermaterial nicht mehr stattfinden kann.The textile, air-permeable strand materials used according to the invention have a dimensional stability in the sense that they can be elastically deformed, but only to a degree at which the air permeability of the strand materials is still maintained, i. that is, the air volumes of the strand material are still present to a considerable extent. In the upholstery materials according to the invention, in particular, a collapse of pores is avoided, as is the case when loading conventional elastically deformable foam materials, in which air exchange in the upholstery material can then no longer take place in the loaded state.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Polstermaterialien eignen sich insbesondere zur Polsterung von Flächen, die eine Belüftung oder Hinterlüftung benötigen und schaffen die Möglichkeit auch solche Polsterflächen aus in wesentlichen sortenreinen Materialien herzustellen, d. h. einen Materialmix im Polsteraufbau zu vermeiden.The upholstery materials according to the invention are particularly suitable for upholstering surfaces which require ventilation or rear ventilation and also make it possible to produce such upholstery surfaces from essentially pure materials, ie. H. to avoid a mix of materials in the upholstery structure.

Mit den erfindungsgemäßen Polstermaterialien können so insbesondere sortenreine Polster bzw. Bezugsstoffe, insbesondere unter Verwendung von Polyester, Polypropylen, Polyamid, Polyethylen und Naturfasern hergestellt werden.With the upholstery materials according to the invention, in particular, single-variety upholstery or upholstery materials, especially under Using polyester, polypropylene, polyamide, polyethylene and natural fibers.

Mit den erfindungsgemäßen Polstermaterialien können Polyurethanschaumteile oder auch die vielfach als Polsterauflage verwendeten Gummihaarmaterialien ersetzt werden.The foam materials according to the invention can be used to replace polyurethane foam parts or else the rubber hair materials that are often used as cushion pads.

Vorzugsweise werden die textilen Strangmaterialien webtechnisch miteinander verbunden. Dies bedeutet, daß die Strangmaterialien webtechnisch in eine gewebte Matrix aus Kett- und Schußfäden eingebunden werden, wobei die Strangmaterialien beispielsweise parallel zu den Kettfäden eingelegt werden.The textile strand materials are preferably connected to one another by weaving technology. This means that the strand materials are woven into a woven matrix of warp and weft threads, the strand materials being inserted, for example, parallel to the warp threads.

Alternativ können die textilen Strangmaterialien beispielsweise an den miteinander in Berührung stehenden Seitenflächen verklebt werden.Alternatively, the textile strand materials can, for example, be glued to the side surfaces in contact with one another.

Eine weitere und am meisten bevorzugte Alternative ist die der wirktechnischen Verbindung der Strangmaterialien miteinander, wobei die Strangmaterialien insbesondere in Kettrichtung in das Gewirke eingebunden werden.Another and most preferred alternative is that of knitting the strand materials together, the strand materials being incorporated into the knitted fabric in particular in the warp direction.

Die Kettfäden der Gewirke umfassen vorzugsweise Multifilamente oder Stapelfasergarne was bei bevorzugten Ausführungsformen ebenso für die Schußfäden gilt.The warp threads of the knitted fabrics preferably comprise multifilaments or staple fiber yarns, which also applies to the weft threads in preferred embodiments.

Besonders bevorzugt werden die textilen Strangmaterialien aus Monofilen mit einem Durchmesser von ca. 0,1 bis ca. 0,5 mm hergestellt.The textile strand materials are particularly preferably produced from monofilaments with a diameter of approximately 0.1 to approximately 0.5 mm.

Das erfindungsgemäße Polstermaterial kann zur Polsterung von den unterschiedlichsten Flächen, insbesondere von Fahrzeugsitzen bereits als solches verwendet werden, während für andere Anwendungszwecke das Polstermaterial bevorzugt eine Deckschicht umfaßt, welche insbesondere als Dekorschicht ausgebildet sein kann.The upholstery material according to the invention can already be used as such for upholstering a wide variety of surfaces, in particular vehicle seats, while for other applications the upholstery material preferably has a cover layer comprises, which can be designed in particular as a decorative layer.

Die Dekorschicht kann beispielsweise in Form einer Textilie, Kunstleder oder einer Kunststoffolie vorhanden sein und läßt sich in vielen Fällen bevorzugt auf die Lage aus parallelem Strangmaterial aufkaschieren.The decorative layer can be present, for example, in the form of a textile, synthetic leather or a plastic film and in many cases can preferably be laminated onto the layer of parallel strand material.

Beispielsweise kann das erfindungsgemäße Polstermaterial mit einer Dekorschicht in Form einer Textilie oder Kunstleder direkt als Polsterbezug bei Sitzmöbeln, insbesondere stark beanspruchten Sitzmöbeln wie z.B. Kraftfahrzeugsitzen, Sitzen in Straßenbahnen und S-Bahnen etc. verwendet werden. Die Textilie als Dekorschicht wird hierbei je nach Anwendungszweck gewählt, so daß eine zusätzliche Polsterung bzw. Abdeckung der Polsterschicht unterbleiben kann. In vielen anderen Anwendungsfällen kann das erfindungsgemaße Polstermaterial als Schaumstoffersatz verwendet werden, mit dem Vorteil, daß dieses Polstermaterial eine Belüftungsfunktion wahrnehmen kann und dies auch noch im belasteten Zustand, da die Luftvolumina im belasteten Zustand nicht kollabieren können, sondern stets zu einem wesentlichen Teil erhalten bleiben. Dank dieser Eigenschaften läßt sich das erfindungsgemäße Polstermaterial beispielsweise als Ersatz für Gummihaarmatten im Rückenlehnenteil von Kraftfahrzeugsitzen verwenden, die beim Recyceln von Fahrzeugsitzen stets herausgetrennt und gesondert zu verwerten waren. Da sich die Materialauswahl bei der erfindungsgemäßen Polsterschicht nach der Materialauswahl der sonst im Sitzaufbau verwendeten Materialien richten kann, ist es möglich einen im wesentlichen sortenreinen Polsteraufbau bei Kraftfahrzeugsitzen zu erhalten.For example, the upholstery material according to the invention with a decorative layer in the form of a textile or synthetic leather can be used directly as upholstery cover for seating furniture, in particular heavily used seating furniture such as e.g. Motor vehicle seats, seats in trams and S-Bahn etc. are used. The textile as a decorative layer is chosen depending on the application, so that additional padding or covering of the cushion layer can be omitted. In many other applications, the upholstery material according to the invention can be used as a foam substitute, with the advantage that this upholstery material can perform a ventilation function and also in a loaded state, since the air volumes cannot collapse in the loaded state, but always remain to a large extent . Thanks to these properties, the upholstery material according to the invention can be used, for example, as a replacement for rubber hair mats in the backrest part of motor vehicle seats, which were always separated out and recycled separately when recycling vehicle seats. Since the choice of material in the upholstery layer according to the invention can be based on the choice of material of the materials otherwise used in the seat structure, it is possible to obtain an essentially pure upholstery structure in motor vehicle seats.

Darüber hinaus eignet sich das Polstermaterial, insbesondere kaschiert mit einer Dekorschicht als Aufprallschutz im Fahrzeugbereich beispielsweise zur Verkleidung der Amaturentafel, der Seitenverkleidungen, der Karosseriesäulen etc. Selbstverständlich bedeutet die vorstehende Aufteilung der Einsatzmöglichkeiten des erfindungsgemäßen Polstermaterials keine Beschränkung auf diese Anwendungsfälle.In addition, the upholstery material, in particular laminated with a decorative layer, is suitable as impact protection in the vehicle area, for example for cladding the dashboard, the side panels, the body pillars, etc. Of course, the above division of the possible uses of the upholstery material according to the invention means no restriction to these applications.

Besonders bevorzugte Strangmaterialien sind schlauchförmig ausgebildet, wobei dann die Belüftungsfunktion dadurch verbessert werden kann, daß das schlauchförmige Strangmaterial an das Fahrzeugbelüftungssystem angekoppelt werden und somit zur Heizung oder Kühlung des Kraftfahrzeugsitzes verwendet werden kann. Hierbei ist dann eine aktive Sitzbelüftung gegeben und nicht nur eine passive, die sich durch das Belasten und Entlasten des Polstermaterials mit dem damit verbundenen Luftaustausch ergibt.Particularly preferred strand materials are tubular, in which case the ventilation function can be improved in that the tubular strand material is coupled to the vehicle ventilation system and can thus be used for heating or cooling the motor vehicle seat. There is then active seat ventilation and not just passive ventilation, which results from loading and unloading the upholstery material with the associated air exchange.

Die schlauchförmigen Strangmaterialien können gewirkt, geflochten oder geklöppelt sein, wobei insbesondere sogenannte Strickschläuche bevorzugt sind. Strickschläuche als solche sind als elastische Versteifungseinlagen für sogenannte Keder aus der DE 42 33 827 A1 an sich bekannt. Auf die in dieser Druckschrift beschriebene Herstellung der Strickschläuche wird hier ausdrücklich Bezug genommen.The tubular strand materials can be knitted, braided or made of lace, with so-called knitted tubes being preferred in particular. Knitted tubes as such are known per se as elastic stiffening inserts for so-called piping from DE 42 33 827 A1. Reference is expressly made here to the manufacture of the knitted tubes described in this publication.

Neben den Strickschläuchen wie sie aus der DE 42 33 827 bekannt sind, sind aber auch sogenannte 3D-geflochtene Strangmaterialien oder 3D-gestrickte Strangmaterialien im Zusammenhang mit vorliegender Erfindung verwendbar, wobei der Innenraum der schlauchförmigen Strangmaterialien einen gewissen Belegungsgrad an Monofilen bzw. bei der Herstellung der Strangmaterialien verwendeten Garne aufweist. Allerdings sind auch die 3D-geflochtenen oder -gestrickten Strangmaterialien mit einem relativ großen Hohlraumvolumen versehen, so daß die Luftdurchlässigkeit und deren Belüftungsfunktion in ausreichendem Maße gegeben ist.In addition to the knitted hoses as are known from DE 42 33 827, so-called 3D braided strand materials or 3D knitted strand materials can also be used in connection with the present invention, the interior of the tubular strand materials having a certain degree of coverage of monofilaments or during manufacture of the strand materials used yarns. However, the 3D braided or knitted strand materials are also provided with a relatively large void volume, so that the air permeability and their ventilation function are sufficiently provided.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin wie zuvor schon angesprochen, die Verwendung des Polstermaterials als Polsterbezug, wobei vorzugsweise auf das Polstermaterial eine Textilie aufgebracht, vorzugsweise aufkaschiert ist. Somit wird mit dem Polstermaterial gleichzeitig der Deckstoff oder die Nutzschicht mitgeliefert und kann zusammen mit der Polsterung gleichzeitig in einem Arbeitsgang aufgebracht werden.As already mentioned above, the invention further relates to the use of the cushion material as a cushion cover, a textile preferably being applied to the cushion material, preferably being laminated on. Thus, the cover material or the wear layer is supplied with the upholstery material and can be applied together with the upholstery at the same time in one operation.

Besondere Bedeutung hat der Polsterbezug bei der Herstellung von Kraftfahrzeugsitzen, da das Sitz- und Lehnenmittelteil eines Kraftfahrzeugsitzes vorzugsweise mit anderen Materialien als einem Polyurethanschaum gebildet wird, um eine ausreichende Belüftung der Sitz- und insbesondere der Rückenlehnenflächen zu gewährleisten.The upholstery cover is of particular importance in the manufacture of motor vehicle seats, since the seat and backrest middle part of a motor vehicle seat is preferably formed with materials other than a polyurethane foam, in order to ensure adequate ventilation of the seat and in particular the backrest surfaces.

Durch die Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Polstermaterials bzw. Polsterbezugs steht ein deutlich erhöhtes Luftvolumen für den Luftaustausch zur Verfügung, ganz abgesehen von der Möglichkeit, diese Polsterflächen mit einer aktiven Belüftung/Heizung/Kühlung zu verbinden.By using the upholstery material or upholstery cover according to the invention, a significantly increased air volume is available for the air exchange, quite apart from the possibility of connecting these upholstery surfaces with active ventilation / heating / cooling.

Da das erfindungsgemäße Polstermaterial elastische Eigenschaften einerseits, jedoch aber auch eine relativ große Steifigkeit aufweisen kann, kann es relativ einfach in ein Integralschaumteil des Sitzes eingearbeitet werden. Dies kann z. B. so geschehen, daß man in dem Integralschaumteil des Sitzpolsters Nuten vorsieht, in der die freien Enden der Schlauchmaterialien des Polstermaterials jeweils eingeschoben werden. Eine zusätzliche Befestigung am Integralschaumteil kann hierbei in vielen Fällen entfallen.Since the upholstery material according to the invention can have elastic properties on the one hand, but can also have a relatively high stiffness, it can be incorporated relatively easily into an integral foam part of the seat. This can e.g. B. happen so that one provides in the integral foam part of the seat cushion grooves in which the free ends of the tube materials of the cushion material are inserted in each case. An additional attachment to the integral foam part can be omitted in many cases.

Bei einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird die Rückseite des Polstermaterials mit einer Folie kaschiert. Dieses Material läßt sich bei der Bildung des Polsterschaumes in die Form einlegen und einschäumenIn a further preferred embodiment, the back of the cushion material is laminated with a film. This Material can be inserted and foamed into the mold when the upholstery foam is formed

Ein großer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Polstermaterialien liegt darin, daß diese mit relativ geringem Flächen- oder Raumgewicht hergestellt werden können, beispielsweise mit Flächengewichten deutlich unter 1.400 g pro m2 oder weniger als 250 kg pro m3.A great advantage of the upholstery materials according to the invention is that they can be produced with a relatively low basis weight or density, for example with basis weights significantly below 1,400 g per m 2 or less than 250 kg per m 3 .

Der zusätzliche Vorteil gegenüber normalen Schaumstoffen oder Integralschäumen besteht darin, daß bei einer Belastung des Polstermaterials die Hohlraumstruktur nicht kollabiert und verschwindet, sondern in großem Umfang noch erhalten bleibt, so daß in jedem Zustand der Belastung der Polsterung eine passive Belüftungsfunktion erhalten bleibt und sogar eine aktive Belüftung möglich ist.The additional advantage compared to normal foams or integral foams is that when the upholstery material is loaded, the cavity structure does not collapse and disappear, but is retained to a large extent, so that a passive ventilation function is maintained and even an active one in any state of loading of the upholstery Ventilation is possible.

In der zuvor in Bezug genommenen DE 42 33 827 A1 ist eine Fixierung des Strickschlauches durch eine Wärmebehandlung beschrieben, mit der auch eine vollkommen geschlossene Wandung erzielbar ist. Die Erzielung einer solchen geschlossenen Wandung ist im Zusammenhang mit vorliegender Erfindung unerwünscht, da dies die Luftdurchlässigkeit des Materials eliminiert. Gleichwohl kann je nach Anwendungsfall, insbesondere je nach der zu erwartenden Belastung des Polsterteils eine Fixierung der Strickschläuche vorteilhaft sein, wobei allerdings die Porosität der Schlauchwandung erhalten bleiben muß. Die durch eine allenfalls nur teilweise Fixierung erhaltene Oberflächenrauhigkeit der Strangmaterialien ist von besonderer Bedeutung im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung, da sie zu einer stabilen Lage der Strangmaterialien in der Flächenbindung, d. h. insbesondere bei einer webtechnischen oder wirktechnischen Verbindung der Strangmaterialien untereinander führt.DE 42 33 827 A1, previously referred to, describes a fixation of the knitted tube by a heat treatment, with which a completely closed wall can also be achieved. Achieving such a closed wall is undesirable in the context of the present invention, since this eliminates the air permeability of the material. Nevertheless, depending on the application, in particular depending on the expected load on the upholstery part, a fixation of the knitted hoses can be advantageous, although the porosity of the hose wall must be preserved. The surface roughness of the strand materials obtained through a possibly only partial fixation is of particular importance in the context of the present invention, since it leads to a stable position of the strand materials in the surface weave, ie in particular in the case of a weaving or knitting connection of the strand materials to one another.

Diese und weitere Vorteile der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung noch näher erläutert. Es zeigen im einzelnen:

Figur 1
eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Strangmaterials für die Herstellung des Polstermaterials gemäß vorliegender Erfindung;
Figur 2
schematische Darstellung einer Wirkverbindung der Strangmaterialien;
Figur 3
schematische Darstellung eines Ausschnitts aus einem erfindungsgemäßen Polstermaterials;
Figur 4
Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Polstermaterials,
Figur 5
Schnittansicht durch einen Fahrzeugsitz mit einer Auflage aus einem erfindungsgemäßen Polster material; und
Figur 6
Federkennlinie eines erfindungsgemäßen Polstermaterials.
These and other advantages of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. The individual shows:
Figure 1
a schematic representation of a strand material used according to the invention for the production of the cushioning material according to the present invention;
Figure 2
schematic representation of an active connection of the strand materials;
Figure 3
schematic representation of a section of a cushion material according to the invention;
Figure 4
Representation of a further embodiment of an upholstery material according to the invention,
Figure 5
Sectional view through a vehicle seat with a pad made of an upholstery material according to the invention; and
Figure 6
Spring characteristic of an upholstery material according to the invention.

Figur 1 zeigt ein erfindungsgemäß zu verwendendes Strangmaterial 10 als sogenannter Strickschlauch mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt, dessen Durchmesser beispielsweise von 3 - 20 mm betragen kann.FIG. 1 shows a strand material 10 to be used according to the invention as a so-called knitted tube with a circular cross-section, the diameter of which can be, for example, 3-20 mm.

Der kreisförmige Querschnitt ist keine Voraussetzung für die Verwendung solcher Strangmaterialien im Zusammenhang mit vorliegender Erfindung. Vielmehr kann der Querschnitt auch oval, kastenförmig oder dergleichen sein. Bevorzugt ist allerdings ein kreisförmiger Querschnitt aufgrund der höheren Stabilität solcher Strangprofile. Insbesondere weist das gezeigte Strangprofil der Strangmaterialien nach Figur 1 hervorragende Rücksprungeigenschaften auf und es zeigt auch bei starker Belastung keine Ermüdungserscheinungen, insbesondere keinen sogenannten Weißbruch.The circular cross section is not a requirement for the use of such strand materials in connection with the present invention. Rather, the cross section can also be oval, box-shaped or the like. However, is preferred a circular cross section due to the higher stability of such extruded profiles. In particular, the strand profile shown of the strand materials according to FIG. 1 has excellent rebound properties and it shows no signs of fatigue, in particular no so-called whitening, even under heavy load.

Das in Figur 1 gezeigte Strangmaterial 10 wird vorzugsweise aus monofilen Kunststoffäden gestrickt, wobei den Stricknadeln an der Rundstrickmaschine entweder ein einziges Monofil oder mehrere gebündelte jedoch unverzwirnte Monofile zugeführt werden.The strand material 10 shown in FIG. 1 is preferably knitted from monofilament plastic threads, with the knitting needles on the circular knitting machine being fed either a single monofilament or several bundled but untwisted monofilaments.

Möglich ist selbstverständlich auch die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Strangmaterialien aus verzwirnten thermoplastischen Kunststoffgarnen. Eine besondere Stabilität erhält das Strangmaterial durch eine Heißfixierung nach dem Stricken, wodurch eine gewisse Verklebung der Monofile an Kreuzungspunkten erzielt wird. Mit dem Ausmaß der Fixierung kann zum einen die Porosität und damit die Luftdurchlässigkeit des Materials beeinflußt werden, andererseits auch dessen Knickesteifigkeit und Nachgiebigkeit gegenüber radialen Belastungen. Schlauchmaterialien wie sie in Figur 1 gezeigt sind oder aber auch solche, die auf andere Art und Weise hergestellt worden sind und dabei ihren textilen Charakter und insbesondere ihre Luftdurchlässigkeit beibehalten, können zu erfindungsgemäßen Polstermaterialien verarbeitet werden, wie dies beispielhaft in Figur 2 schematisch dargestellt ist.Of course, it is also possible to produce the strand materials to be used according to the invention from twisted thermoplastic synthetic yarns. The strand material is particularly stable through heat fixation after knitting, which results in a certain amount of gluing of the monofilaments at crossover points. The extent of the fixation can on the one hand influence the porosity and thus the air permeability of the material, and on the other hand also its buckling resistance and compliance with radial loads. Tubing materials as shown in FIG. 1 or else those that have been produced in a different way and thereby retain their textile character and in particular their air permeability, can be processed into cushioning materials according to the invention, as is shown schematically by way of example in FIG. 2.

Hierbei werden Strangmaterialien, vorzugsweise Schlauchmaterialien 14, 16, 18, 20 parallel zueinander und in Kettrichtung angeordnet und in ein Gewirke eingebunden. In Kettrichtung werden ferner Fransen 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 gebildet, welche jeweils zwischen zwei benachbarten Schlauchmaterialstücken 14, 16 bzw. 16, 18 oder 18, 20 angeordnet sind. Die Schußfäden 32, 34 und 36 werden auf der dichtbelegten Seite versetzt verlegt, bis zur übernächsten Lochnadel der Wirkmaschine. Jeder 13. Schußfaden wird auf der offeneren in Figur 2 hinter der Bildebene liegenden Seite 1-1 verlegt, um die Strangmaterialien 14, 16, 18, 20 einzubinden.Here, strand materials, preferably tube materials 14, 16, 18, 20 are arranged parallel to one another and in the warp direction and integrated into a knitted fabric. In the warp direction, fringes 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 are also formed, which are each arranged between two adjacent pieces of hose material 14, 16 or 16, 18 or 18, 20. The wefts 32, 34 and 36 are shifted on the densely populated side, up to the next but one needle of the knitting machine. Every 13th weft thread is laid on the more open side 1-1 in Figure 2 behind the image plane in order to bind the strand materials 14, 16, 18, 20.

Am Beispiel der Verwendung von Polyestermaterialien soll beispielhaft aufgezeigt werden, welche Eigenschaften sich für das Polstermaterial ergeben können. Zum einen sind die Strangmaterialien als Strickschläuche aus Monofilen mit 0,2 mm Durchmesser gebildet, wobei ein Strickschlauchdurchmesser von ca. 6 mm hergestellt wurde. Dabei ergibt sich ein Längengewicht der so hergestellten Strangmaterialien von ca. 8,1 g pro m. Zur flächenmäßigen Verbindung der Strangmaterialien werden ca. 15 Stränge pro 10 cm in Kettrichtung in eine Textilbindung eingearbeitet und die Kettfäden wie oben beschrieben in Fransenlegung zwischen den Strangmaterialien angeordnet. Die Schuß- und Kettfäden aus Polyester Multifilamenten weisen ein Titer von 167 dtex auf.Using the example of the use of polyester materials, it should be shown by way of example which properties can arise for the upholstery material. On the one hand, the strand materials are formed as knitted tubes from monofilaments with a diameter of 0.2 mm, a knitted tube diameter of approximately 6 mm being produced. This results in a length weight of the strand materials produced in this way of approximately 8.1 g per m. For the area connection of the strand materials, approx. 15 strands per 10 cm are worked into a textile weave in the warp direction and the warp threads are arranged in a fringe between the strand materials as described above. The weft and warp threads made of polyester multifilaments have a titer of 167 dtex.

Damit ergibt sich ein Flächengewicht des Polstermaterials von 1.360 g pro m2 und ein Raumgewicht von ca. 235 kg pro m3.This results in a basis weight of the upholstery material of 1,360 g per m 2 and a density of approx. 235 kg per m 3 .

Für ein solches Polstermaterial ergibt sich eine Federkennlinie wie sie in Figur 6 dargestellt ist. Die Federkennlinie wurde mit verschiedenen Belastungsgewichten in Anlehnung an DIN 53855 aufgenommen.A spring characteristic curve as shown in FIG. 6 results for such a cushioning material. The spring characteristic was recorded with different load weights based on DIN 53855.

Zusätzlich zu den Schußfäden 34, 36, 38 werden noch in jeder Fransenmasche Schußfäden 40 durchgeführt, die eine zu einer flächigen Abdeckung der Strangmaterialien auf der einen Seite (in Figur 2 vorne liegende Seite) zusammen mit den Schußfäden 34, 36 und 38 bewirken. Das Ergebnis einer solchen Textileinbindung der Strangmaterialien ist in Figur 4 im einzelnen nochmals gezeigt.In addition to the weft threads 34, 36, 38, weft threads 40 are also carried out in each fringe stitch, which cause a flat covering of the strand materials on the one side (front side in FIG. 2) together with the weft threads 34, 36 and 38. The result of such a textile integration the strand materials are shown again in detail in FIG. 4.

Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 3 wird ein Polstermaterial 44 in der Weise erhalten, daß die Strangmaterialien 46, 48, 50, 52 wiederum von Fransen 54 getrennt in Kettrichtung parallel nebeneinander angeordnet sind und von quer zur Kettrichtung verlaufenden mit größeren Abständen voneinander angeordneten Schußfäden 56 bzw. 58 gehalten werden, die vor bzw. hinter der Blattebene verlaufen.In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, a cushion material 44 is obtained in such a way that the strand materials 46, 48, 50, 52 are in turn separated from fringes 54 in the warp direction and arranged next to one another and from wefts 56 or 58 that are in front of or behind the sheet plane.

Schließlich stellt Figur 5 noch einen Fahrzeugsitz 60 eines Kraftfahrzeuges dar, bei dem ein Sitzteil 62 und ein Rückenteil 64 aus einem Schalenteil 66 bzw. 68 und darin gehaltenen Integralschaumkörpern 70 bzw. 72 aufgebaut sind. Im Bereich des sogenannten Sitzspiegels ist die Sitzfläche bzw. die mittlere Fläche der Rückenlehne 64 mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Polstermaterial 74 belegt, welches schließlich zusammen mit den jeweiligen Integralschaumkörpern von einem Textilmaterial 76 abgedeckt wird.Finally, FIG. 5 also shows a vehicle seat 60 of a motor vehicle, in which a seat part 62 and a back part 64 are constructed from a shell part 66 or 68 and integral foam bodies 70 or 72 held therein. In the area of the so-called seat mirror, the seat surface or the central surface of the backrest 64 is covered with a cushion material 74 according to the invention, which is finally covered by a textile material 76 together with the respective integral foam bodies.

Vorzugsweise wird in die Integralschaumkörper 70, 72 ein Rücksprung oder eine Nut eingeformt, der dann von dem erfindungsgemäßen Polstermaterial 74 belegt wird. Alternativ kann vorgesehen sein, daß das erfindungsgemäße Polstermaterial 74 nicht gesondert und gemeinsam mit dem Integralschaumkörper 70 bzw. 72 mit einer Textilie 76 abgedeckt wird, sondern daß auf das erfindungsgemäße Polstermaterial 74 direkt schon eine Textilie oder dgl. als Dekorschicht aufkaschiert wird. Die Kaschierung mit einem zusätzlichen Polsterstoff beschränkt sich dann auf die Bedeckung des restlichen Integralschaumkörpers. Aufgrund der Biegesteifigkeit der Strangmaterialien quer zur Strangrichtung lassen sich diese sehr einfach in dem Integralschaumkörper befestigen, in dem in den seitlichen Sitzwülsten bzw. Lehnenvorsprüngen Nuten eingelassen sind, die die freien Enden der Strangmaterialien des erfindungsgemäßen Polstermaterials jeweils aufnehmen und führen und damit auch in der richtigen Position halten. Dies läßt einen sehr einfachen Zusammenbau der Fahrzeugsitze zu.A recess or a groove is preferably formed in the integral foam bodies 70, 72, which is then covered by the cushioning material 74 according to the invention. Alternatively, it can be provided that the cushion material 74 according to the invention is not covered separately and together with the integral foam body 70 or 72 with a textile 76, but that a textile or the like is laminated directly onto the cushion material 74 according to the invention as a decorative layer. The lamination with an additional upholstery material is then limited to covering the remaining integral foam body. Due to the bending stiffness of the strand materials transversely to the strand direction, they can be very easily attached in the integral foam body, in which in the side seat beads or Back protrusions are recessed grooves that each receive and guide the free ends of the strand materials of the cushioning material according to the invention and thus also hold them in the correct position. This allows a very simple assembly of the vehicle seats.

Claims (17)

Polstermaterial umfassend eine Vielzahl parallel zueinander angeordneter, textiler, luftdurchlässiger Strangmaterialien, welche elastisch verformbar sind und zu einem handhabbaren Flächengebilde miteinander verbunden sind.Upholstery material comprising a plurality of textile, air-permeable strand materials arranged parallel to one another, which are elastically deformable and are connected to one another to form a manageable flat structure. Polstermaterial nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die textilen Strangmaterialien webtechnisch miteinander verbunden sind.Upholstery material according to claim 1, characterized in that the textile strand materials are connected to one another by weaving technology. Polstermaterial nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die textilen Strangmaterialien miteinander verklebt sind.Upholstery material according to claim 1, characterized in that the textile strand materials are glued together. Polstermaterial nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die textilen Strangmaterialien wirktechnisch miteinander verbunden sind.Upholstery material according to claim 1, characterized in that the textile strand materials are connected to one another in terms of knitting technology. Polstermaterial nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die textilen Strangmaterialien in Kettrichtung in das Gewirke eingebunden sind.Upholstery material according to claim 4, characterized in that the textile strand materials are integrated into the knitted fabric in the warp direction. Polstermaterial nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kettfäden des Gewirks Multifilamente oder Stapelfasergarne umfassen.Upholstery material according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the warp threads of the knitted fabric comprise multifilaments or staple fiber yarns. Polstermaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schußfäden Multifilamente oder Stapelfasergarne umfassen.Upholstery material according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the weft threads comprise multifilaments or staple fiber yarns. Polstermaterial nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die textilen Strangmaterialien aus Monofilen mit einem Durchmesser von ca. 0,1 bis ca. 0,5 mm hergestellt sind.Upholstery material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the textile strand materials are made from monofilaments with a diameter of approximately 0.1 to approximately 0.5 mm. Polstermaterial nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Polstermaterial eine Deckschicht umfaßt, welche vorzugsweise als Dekorschicht in Form einer Textilie, Kunstleder oder einer Kunststoffolie ausgebildet ist.Upholstery material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upholstery material comprises a cover layer which is preferably designed as a decorative layer in the form of a textile, synthetic leather or a plastic film. Polstermaterial nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Deckschicht aufkaschiert ist.Upholstery material according to claim 9, characterized in that the cover layer is laminated on. Polstermaterial nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Strangmaterialien schlauchförmig sind.Upholstery material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the strand materials are tubular. Polstermaterial nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die schlauchförmigen Strangmaterialien gewirkt, geflochten oder geklöppelt sind.Upholstery material according to claim 11, characterized in that the tubular strand materials are knitted, braided or bobbin-lace. Polstermaterial nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die schlauchförmigen Strangmaterialien 3D-geflochten oder -gestrickt sind.Upholstery material according to claim 12, characterized in that the tubular strand materials are 3D-braided or knitted. Verwendung des Polstermaterials nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13 als Polsterbezug.Use of the upholstery material according to one of claims 9 to 13 as an upholstery cover. Verwendung des Polstermaterials nach Anspruch 14 als Polsterbezug eines Kraftfahrzeugsitzes.Use of the upholstery material according to claim 14 as the upholstery cover of a motor vehicle seat. Verwendung des Polstermaterials nach Anspruch 15, wobei das Polstermaterial in ein Integralschaumteil des Sitzes eingearbeitet ist.Use of the cushioning material according to claim 15, wherein the cushioning material is incorporated into an integral foam part of the seat. Verwendung des Polstermaterials nach Anspruch 16, wobei das Polstermaterial in Nuten des Integralschaumteils geführt ist.Use of the cushioning material according to claim 16, wherein the cushioning material is guided in grooves of the integral foam part.
EP97108849A 1996-06-03 1997-06-03 Upholstery material Withdrawn EP0811340A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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DE19621984 1996-06-03
DE19621984 1996-06-03
DE19626015 1996-06-28
DE19626015 1996-06-28

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1129647A1 (en) 2000-02-29 2001-09-05 Steve Feher Heated or cooled cushion pad

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3472289A (en) * 1966-11-10 1969-10-14 Brunswick Corp Heater fabric
DE3128945A1 (en) * 1981-07-22 1983-02-10 Sang Yol Seoul Lee Seating mat
FR2599683A1 (en) * 1986-06-10 1987-12-11 Renault Vehicules Ind Ventilated vehicle seat
DE4115864A1 (en) * 1991-05-15 1992-11-19 Franz Klarner Vehicle seat cover - is in sections of material which reflects and does not conduct heat, pref. Styropor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3472289A (en) * 1966-11-10 1969-10-14 Brunswick Corp Heater fabric
DE3128945A1 (en) * 1981-07-22 1983-02-10 Sang Yol Seoul Lee Seating mat
FR2599683A1 (en) * 1986-06-10 1987-12-11 Renault Vehicules Ind Ventilated vehicle seat
DE4115864A1 (en) * 1991-05-15 1992-11-19 Franz Klarner Vehicle seat cover - is in sections of material which reflects and does not conduct heat, pref. Styropor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1129647A1 (en) 2000-02-29 2001-09-05 Steve Feher Heated or cooled cushion pad

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