EP0851549A1 - Surge arrester having a housing made from thermoplastic material with an external wafer form surface - Google Patents
Surge arrester having a housing made from thermoplastic material with an external wafer form surface Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0851549A1 EP0851549A1 EP97403081A EP97403081A EP0851549A1 EP 0851549 A1 EP0851549 A1 EP 0851549A1 EP 97403081 A EP97403081 A EP 97403081A EP 97403081 A EP97403081 A EP 97403081A EP 0851549 A1 EP0851549 A1 EP 0851549A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- envelope
- electrical components
- armatures
- casing
- components
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/15—Details of spark gaps for protection against excessive pressure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
- H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
- H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
- H01C7/126—Means for protecting against excessive pressure or for disconnecting in case of failure
Definitions
- the invention relates to a surge arrester or surge arrester comprising two metal connection frames, a stack of conductive electrical components extending along a longitudinal axis between the two fittings, an envelope surrounding the electrical components and reinforcements so as to maintain electrical contact between these components.
- Such a surge arrester or surge arrester is intended to be connected to electrical equipment to derive the overcurrent pulses.
- overcurrent pulses occur, for example, during strokes lightning.
- the arrester derives the overcurrent pulse at the earth, thereby protecting the electrical equipment and circuit from damage or destruction.
- the envelope surrounding the components electrical conductors is consisting of a winding of resin-impregnated glass fibers, the assembly being housed in an insulating casing made of elastomeric polymer waterproof severe weather.
- surge arresters are likely to present failures and in in this case they may be subjected to large leakage currents producing high gas pressures inside the envelope which leads to the bursting of the arrester.
- To limit or prevent this risk of bursting it is known to provide a winding of glass fibers leaving openings lateral venting of gases.
- Such a construction known from the patent European No. 0335480, however, is relatively expensive to manufacture and a object of the invention is to provide a cheaper overvoltage diverter.
- the subject of the invention is a surge arrester comprising two metal connection frames, a stack of components electric extending along a longitudinal axis between the two armatures, a envelope surrounding the electrical components and fittings so that maintain electrical contact between these components, characterized in that the envelope is made from a thermoplastic material molded on the electrical components and fittings.
- the envelope has an embossed outer surface with recesses and bumps, the hollows corresponding to thinner areas of the envelope and serving to constitute lateral openings in the envelope for venting gas.
- An overpressure of the gases inside the envelope therefore causes the rupture of the envelope at its thinner zones and therefore greater fragility, that is to say at the level of the recesses of the embossed surface, which allows the venting of gases through the openings thus created without risk bursting lightning arrester.
- the dinghy according to the invention is of low cost over time reduced manufacturing.
- the envelope of such a dinghy can be produced by molding by injection or compression of the thermoplastic material on the electrical components and metal fittings. It is free of inclusion air or moisture between the electrical components and the enclosure or between the envelope and the casing made of elastomeric polymer material which surrounds the envelope.
- the use of thermoplastic material is particularly advantageous since this material has a very short cycle time.
- the molding is making on a cold column (the electrical components in the mold being brought to a temperature of around 80 ° c while the thermoplastic material in the mold being at a melting temperature of about 270 ° C), this material thermoplastic, whose melting point is generally very narrow, tends to freeze very quickly on contact with electrical components and does not get in not between these components. So there is no need to protect electrical components by a film used to avoid the inclusion of material between electrical components.
- Figure 1 very schematically shows an assembly comprising a stacking of varistor blocks between two armatures to constitute a insert.
- Figure 2 shows very schematically the assembly of Figure 1 fitted with a thermoplastic casing, the outer surface of which has an embossed structure.
- FIG. 3 shows very schematically the surge arrester according to the invention with its elastomeric polymer housing.
- the surge arrester or surge arrester according to the invention includes a set of electrically conductive components in the event of overvoltage, for example cylindrical blocks of varistor 1, aligned in row along a longitudinal axis 2 and in contact with each other by their appropriate end faces. On each end face of the stack of varistor blocks is placed a metal connection frame 3.
- Each frame 3 has an annular groove indicated by 4 which extends perpendicular to axis 2 and which has facets 4a, 4b, 4c giving in cross section to axis 2 a polygonal shape, for example hexagonal.
- an envelope 6 surrounds the varistor blocks 1 and the reinforcements 3.
- this envelope is made from a material thermoplastic and has an embossed outer surface with depressions 7 and bumps 8 and 9.
- the thermoplastic material is molded on the outer surface of the assembly 5 constituted by the stack of varistors 1 and the armatures metal 3.
- the casing 6 can be produced for example, by molding by injection of the thermoplastic material into an injection mold containing assembly 5 which avoids the risks of air or humidity inclusions between the varistor blocks and the envelope.
- Envelope 6 can also be prefabricated to be in the form of a tube made of material thermoplastic. Assembly 5 is introduced into the prefabricated envelope which is then compression molded, in a compression mold, onto the assembly 5 so as to obtain recesses 7 corresponding to zones thinner envelope.
- the envelope 6, at the level of these thinner zones is likely to rupture locally under significant gas pressure and side openings thus formed by rupture are used to vent the gas.
- the bumps on the outer surface of the casing 6 define longitudinal ribs 8 and radial ribs 9 with respect to axis 2. These ribs serve to constitute reinforcements to ensure the mechanical strength and the rigidity of the insert constituted by the assembly 5 and the envelope 6.
- assembly 5 Before making the envelope in thermoplastic material, assembly 5 is heated in an oven to bring its temperature to approximately 80 ° C so as to decrease, when the plastic material hardens, stresses due to differential expansion.
- the plastic material of the envelope fills the grooves 4 of the reinforcements 3 so that the envelope engaged in these grooves ensures contact between the varistor blocks and prevents, due to the presence of facets, a rotational movement of the reinforcements 3 around the axis 2.
- This plastic material can advantageously be loaded with cut fiberglass or silica to increase its characteristics mechanical and self-extinguishing.
- a material thermoplastic with a very narrow melting point for example, a polyamide, a polyoxymethylene or even a polyphthalamide, to make the envelope.
- the envelope 6 of the insert is enclosed in a box in elastomeric polymeric material 10 having annular fins.
- This case is advantageously produced by injection of the elastomeric polymer material in an injection mold containing the insert.
- This elastomeric polymer material comes to fill the recesses 7 of the surface of the envelope without risk of inclusion of gas or humidity between the casing 6 and the casing 10.
- the outer surface of the envelope is prepared, for example sanded to be frosted and glued.
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne un dériveur de surtension ou parafoudre comprenant deux armatures métalliques de raccordement, un empilement de composants électriques conducteurs s'étendant suivant un axe longitudinal entre les deux armatures, une enveloppe entourant les composants électriques et les armatures de telle sorte à maintenir un contact électrique entre ces composants.The invention relates to a surge arrester or surge arrester comprising two metal connection frames, a stack of conductive electrical components extending along a longitudinal axis between the two fittings, an envelope surrounding the electrical components and reinforcements so as to maintain electrical contact between these components.
Un tel dériveur de surtension ou parafoudre est destiné à être raccordé à des équipements électriques pour dériver les impulsions de surintensité. De telles impulsions de surintensité se présentent par exemple lors de coups de foudre. Lorsque ceci a lieu, le parafoudre dérive l'impulsion de surintensité à la terre, protégeant ainsi l'équipement électrique et le circuit de tout dommage ou destruction.Such a surge arrester or surge arrester is intended to be connected to electrical equipment to derive the overcurrent pulses. Of such overcurrent pulses occur, for example, during strokes lightning. When this occurs, the arrester derives the overcurrent pulse at the earth, thereby protecting the electrical equipment and circuit from damage or destruction.
Dans les parafoudres actuels, l'enveloppe entourant les composants électriques conducteurs, généralement des blocs cylindriques de varistance, est constituée par un enroulement de fibres de verre imprégné de résine, l'ensemble étant logé dans un boítier isolant en polymère élastomère étanche aux intempéries.In current surge arresters, the envelope surrounding the components electrical conductors, usually cylindrical varistor blocks, is consisting of a winding of resin-impregnated glass fibers, the assembly being housed in an insulating casing made of elastomeric polymer waterproof severe weather.
Lorsqu'un parafoudre fonctionne correctement, un contact intime doit être maintenu entre les blocs de varistances. Ce contact est assuré par une structure d'enveloppe mettant en compression axiale les blocs de varistance. Le cas échéant, un ressort peut être interposé entre une armature et le bloc de varistance situé à l'extrémité correspondante de l'empilement pour réaliser cette compression axiale.When a surge arrester is working properly, intimate contact must be maintained between the blocks of varistors. This contact is provided by a envelope structure placing the varistor blocks in axial compression. The if necessary, a spring can be interposed between a frame and the block of varistor located at the corresponding end of the stack to achieve this axial compression.
Ces parafoudres sont susceptibles de présenter des défaillances et dans ce cas ils peuvent être soumis à des courants de fuite importants produisant des pressions de gaz élevées à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe ce qui conduit à l'éclatement du parafoudre. Pour limiter ou empêcher ce risque d'éclatement, il est connu de prévoir un enroulement de fibres de verre laissant des ouvertures latérales de mise à l'air libre des gaz. Une telle construction, connue du brevet européen n°0335480, s'avère toutefois relativement coûteuse à fabriquer et un but de l'invention est de proposer un dériveur de surtension meilleur marché.These surge arresters are likely to present failures and in in this case they may be subjected to large leakage currents producing high gas pressures inside the envelope which leads to the bursting of the arrester. To limit or prevent this risk of bursting, it is known to provide a winding of glass fibers leaving openings lateral venting of gases. Such a construction, known from the patent European No. 0335480, however, is relatively expensive to manufacture and a object of the invention is to provide a cheaper overvoltage diverter.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un dériveur de surtension comprenant deux armatures métalliques de raccordement, un empilement de composants électriques s'étendant suivant un axe longitudinal entre les deux armatures, une enveloppe entourant les composants électriques et les armatures de telle sorte à maintenir un contact électrique entre ces composants, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe est réalisée à partir d'une matière thermoplastique moulée sur les composants électriques et les armatures.To this end, the subject of the invention is a surge arrester comprising two metal connection frames, a stack of components electric extending along a longitudinal axis between the two armatures, a envelope surrounding the electrical components and fittings so that maintain electrical contact between these components, characterized in that the envelope is made from a thermoplastic material molded on the electrical components and fittings.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier du dériveur de surtension selon l'invention, l'enveloppe présente une surface extérieure gaufrée avec des creux et des bosses, les creux correspondant à des zones de plus faible épaisseur de l'enveloppe et servant à constituer des ouvertures latérales dans l'enveloppe pour la mise à l'air libre de gaz.According to a particular embodiment of the overvoltage diverter according to invention, the envelope has an embossed outer surface with recesses and bumps, the hollows corresponding to thinner areas of the envelope and serving to constitute lateral openings in the envelope for venting gas.
Une surpression des gaz à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe provoque donc la rupture de l'enveloppe au niveau de ses zones de plus faible épaisseur et donc de plus grande fragilité, c'est-à-dire au niveau des creux de la surface gaufrée, ce qui permet la mise à l'air des gaz par les ouvertures ainsi créées sans risque d'éclatement du parafoudre.An overpressure of the gases inside the envelope therefore causes the rupture of the envelope at its thinner zones and therefore greater fragility, that is to say at the level of the recesses of the embossed surface, which allows the venting of gases through the openings thus created without risk bursting lightning arrester.
Le dériveur selon l'invention est d'un faible coût de revient avec un temps de fabrication réduit. L'enveloppe d'un tel dériveur peut être réalisée par moulage par injection ou par compression de la matière thermoplastique sur les composants électriques et les armatures métalliques. Il est exempt d'inclusion d'air ou d'humidité entre les composants électriques et l'enveloppe ou entre l'enveloppe et le boítier en matière polymère élastomère qui entoure l'enveloppe. L'utilisation de la matière thermoplastique est particulièrement avantageux puisque cette matière a un temps de cycle très court. Par ailleurs, le moulage se faisant sur une colonne froide (les composants électriques dans le moule étant portés à une température d'environ 80°c tandis que la matière thermoplastique dans le moule étant à une température de fusion d'environ 270°C), cette matière thermoplastique, dont le point de fusion est généralement très étroit, a tendance à figer très rapidement au contact des composants électriques et ne s'introduit pas entre ces composants. Ainsi, il n'est pas nécessaire de protéger les composants électriques par un film servant à éviter l'inclusion de matière entre les composants électriques.The dinghy according to the invention is of low cost over time reduced manufacturing. The envelope of such a dinghy can be produced by molding by injection or compression of the thermoplastic material on the electrical components and metal fittings. It is free of inclusion air or moisture between the electrical components and the enclosure or between the envelope and the casing made of elastomeric polymer material which surrounds the envelope. The use of thermoplastic material is particularly advantageous since this material has a very short cycle time. Furthermore, the molding is making on a cold column (the electrical components in the mold being brought to a temperature of around 80 ° c while the thermoplastic material in the mold being at a melting temperature of about 270 ° C), this material thermoplastic, whose melting point is generally very narrow, tends to freeze very quickly on contact with electrical components and does not get in not between these components. So there is no need to protect electrical components by a film used to avoid the inclusion of material between electrical components.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront encore à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un exemple de réalisation.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will also appear on reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment.
La figure 1 montre très schématiquement un assemblage comprenant un empilement de blocs de varistance entre deux armatures pour constituer un insert.Figure 1 very schematically shows an assembly comprising a stacking of varistor blocks between two armatures to constitute a insert.
La figure 2 montre très schématiquement l'assemblage de la figure 1 muni d'une enveloppe en matière thermoplastique dont la surface extérieure a une structure gaufrée. Figure 2 shows very schematically the assembly of Figure 1 fitted with a thermoplastic casing, the outer surface of which has an embossed structure.
La figure 3 montre très schématiquement le dériveur de surtension selon l'invention avec son boítier en polymère élastomère.Figure 3 shows very schematically the surge arrester according to the invention with its elastomeric polymer housing.
Figure 1, le dériveur de surtension ou parafoudre selon l'invention
comprend un ensemble de composants électriques conducteurs en cas de
surtension, par exemple des blocs cylindriques de varistance 1, alignés en
rangée suivant un axe longitudinal 2 et en contact l'un avec l'autre par leurs
faces d'extrémité appropriées. Sur chaque face d'extrémité de l'empilement de
blocs de varistance est placée une armature métallique de raccordement 3.Figure 1, the surge arrester or surge arrester according to the invention
includes a set of electrically conductive components in the event of
overvoltage, for example cylindrical blocks of varistor 1, aligned in
row along a
Chaque armature 3 présente une gorge annulaire indiquée par 4 qui
s'étend perpendiculairement à l'axe 2 et qui présente des facettes 4a,4b,4c lui
conférant en coupe transversale à l'axe 2 une forme polygonale, par exemple
hexagonale.Each
Figure 2, une enveloppe 6 entoure les blocs de varistance 1 et les
armatures 3. Selon l'invention, cette enveloppe est réalisée à partir d'une matière
thermoplastique et présente une surface extérieure gaufrée avec des creux 7 et
des bosses 8 et 9.Figure 2, an envelope 6 surrounds the varistor blocks 1 and the
La matière thermoplastique est moulée sur la surface extérieure de
l'assemblage 5 constitué par l'empilement de varistances 1 et les armatures
métalliques 3. L'enveloppe 6 peut être réalisée par exemple, par moulage par
injection de la matière thermoplastique dans un moule d'injection contenant
l'assemblage 5 ce qui permet d'éviter les risques d'inclusions d'air ou d'humidité
entre les blocs de varistances et l'enveloppe. L'enveloppe 6 peut aussi être
préfabriquée pour se présenter sous la forme d'un tube en matière
thermoplastique. L'assemblage 5 est introduit dans l'enveloppe préfabriquée qui
est ensuite moulée par compression, dans un moule de compression, sur
l'assemblage 5 de telle sorte à obtenir des creux 7 correspondant à des zones
de plus faible épaisseur de l'enveloppe.The thermoplastic material is molded on the outer surface of
the
L'enveloppe 6, au niveau de ces zones de plus faible épaisseur est susceptible de se rompre localement sous une pression importante de gaz et les ouvertures latérales ainsi formées par rupture servent à la mise à l'air libre des gaz.The envelope 6, at the level of these thinner zones is likely to rupture locally under significant gas pressure and side openings thus formed by rupture are used to vent the gas.
Les bosses de la surface extérieure de l'enveloppe 6 définissent des
nervures longitudinales 8 et radiales 9 par rapport à l'axe 2. Ces nervures
servent à constituer des renforts pour assurer la tenue mécanique et la rigidité de
l'insert constitué par l'assemblage 5 et l'enveloppe 6.The bumps on the outer surface of the casing 6 define
longitudinal ribs 8 and
Pendant la réalisation de l'enveloppe 6 par moulage par injection ou par
compression de la matière thermoplastique sur l'assemblage 5, on exerce sur
chaque extrémité de l'assemblage 5, une force de compression F dirigée selon
l'axe 2 de façon à éviter un déplacement relatif entre les blocs de varistances 1
et les armatures 3 par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de l'empilement ainsi que
l'inclusion de la matière thermoplastique entre les blocs de varistances. Cette
force de compression est de l'ordre de 100 N.During the production of the envelope 6 by injection molding or by
compression of the thermoplastic material on the
Avant la réalisation de l'enveloppe en matière thermoplastique,
l'assemblage 5 est chauffé dans un four pour porter sa température à environ
80°C de sorte à diminuer, lors du durcissement de la matière plastique, les
efforts dus à la dilatation différentielle.Before making the envelope in thermoplastic material,
La matière plastique de l'enveloppe vient remplir les gorges 4 des
armatures 3 de sorte que l'enveloppe en prise dans ces gorges assure le contact
électrique entre les blocs de varistances et empêche, du fait de la présence des
facettes, un déplacement en rotation des armatures 3 autour de l'axe 2.The plastic material of the envelope fills the grooves 4 of the
Cette matière plastique peut avantageusement être chargée avec de la fibre de verre coupée ou de la silice pour augmenter ses caractéristiques mécaniques et d'auto extinction. De préférence, on utilisera une matière thermoplastique à point de fusion très étroit, par exemple, un polyamide, un polyoxyméthylène ou encore un polyphtalamide, pour réaliser l'enveloppe.This plastic material can advantageously be loaded with cut fiberglass or silica to increase its characteristics mechanical and self-extinguishing. Preferably, we will use a material thermoplastic with a very narrow melting point, for example, a polyamide, a polyoxymethylene or even a polyphthalamide, to make the envelope.
Figure 3, l'enveloppe 6 de l'insert est enfermée dans un boítier en
matière polymère élastomère 10 présentant des ailettes annulaires. Ce boítier
est avantageusement réalisé par injection de la matière polymère élastomère
dans un moule d'injection contenant l'insert. Cette matière polymère élastomère
vient remplir les creux 7 de la surface de l'enveloppe sans risque d'inclusion de
gaz ou d'humidité entre l'enveloppe 6 et le boítier 10.Figure 3, the envelope 6 of the insert is enclosed in a box in
elastomeric
Avant de réaliser ce boítier, la surface extérieure de l'enveloppe est préparée, par exemple sablée pour être dépolie et encollée.Before making this case, the outer surface of the envelope is prepared, for example sanded to be frosted and glued.
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9615852A FR2757693B1 (en) | 1996-12-23 | 1996-12-23 | SURGE PROTECTOR WITH ENVELOPE HAVING EMBOSSED OUTER SURFACE |
FR9615852 | 1996-12-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0851549A1 true EP0851549A1 (en) | 1998-07-01 |
EP0851549B1 EP0851549B1 (en) | 2003-03-26 |
Family
ID=9499001
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97403081A Expired - Lifetime EP0851549B1 (en) | 1996-12-23 | 1997-12-18 | Surge arrester having a housing made from thermoplastic material with an external wafer form surface |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5875090A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0851549B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1111877C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE235754T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9706425B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2225625C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69720169T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0851549T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2192660T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2757693B1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA9711512B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6625280B1 (en) | 1999-11-01 | 2003-09-23 | Avaya Technology Corp. | Balanced heat coil protector |
SG105003A1 (en) * | 2002-04-15 | 2004-07-30 | Andrew Corp | Surge lightning protection device |
ITPD20030228A1 (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2005-04-02 | Comem Spa | STRUCTURE OF OVERVOLTAGE UNLOADER |
DE102005007146A1 (en) * | 2005-02-11 | 2006-08-24 | Siemens Ag | Method for sheathing a varistor block with an electrically insulating sheath and varistor block for a surge arrester |
EP2998970B1 (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2017-08-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Surge arrester |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH01209685A (en) * | 1988-02-17 | 1989-08-23 | Otowa Denki Kogyo Kk | Lightning arrestor |
EP0335480A2 (en) * | 1988-03-31 | 1989-10-04 | Hubbell Incorporated | Modular electrical assemblies with pressure relief |
FR2685533A1 (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-06-25 | Soule Sa | Lightning conductor comprising an improved contact piece |
EP0595376A2 (en) * | 1989-04-18 | 1994-05-04 | Cooper Industries, Inc. | Fail-safe surge arrester |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3018406A (en) * | 1958-07-17 | 1962-01-23 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Lightning arrester |
JP2647893B2 (en) * | 1987-03-06 | 1997-08-27 | セラヴェール | How to make an arrester |
SE459294B (en) * | 1987-10-26 | 1989-06-19 | Asea Ab | surge |
US5128824A (en) * | 1991-02-20 | 1992-07-07 | Amerace Corporation | Directionally vented underground distribution surge arrester |
-
1996
- 1996-12-23 FR FR9615852A patent/FR2757693B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-12-15 CA CA002225625A patent/CA2225625C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-12-18 AT AT97403081T patent/ATE235754T1/en active
- 1997-12-18 ES ES97403081T patent/ES2192660T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-18 DE DE69720169T patent/DE69720169T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-18 EP EP97403081A patent/EP0851549B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-18 DK DK97403081T patent/DK0851549T3/en active
- 1997-12-19 US US08/994,856 patent/US5875090A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-19 BR BRPI9706425-4A patent/BR9706425B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-22 CN CN97125916A patent/CN1111877C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-12-22 ZA ZA9711512A patent/ZA9711512B/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH01209685A (en) * | 1988-02-17 | 1989-08-23 | Otowa Denki Kogyo Kk | Lightning arrestor |
EP0335480A2 (en) * | 1988-03-31 | 1989-10-04 | Hubbell Incorporated | Modular electrical assemblies with pressure relief |
EP0595376A2 (en) * | 1989-04-18 | 1994-05-04 | Cooper Industries, Inc. | Fail-safe surge arrester |
FR2685533A1 (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-06-25 | Soule Sa | Lightning conductor comprising an improved contact piece |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 013, no. 518 (E - 848) 20 November 1989 (1989-11-20) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1194443A (en) | 1998-09-30 |
CA2225625A1 (en) | 1998-06-23 |
DE69720169D1 (en) | 2003-04-30 |
FR2757693B1 (en) | 1999-02-19 |
US5875090A (en) | 1999-02-23 |
DK0851549T3 (en) | 2003-07-21 |
CN1111877C (en) | 2003-06-18 |
EP0851549B1 (en) | 2003-03-26 |
FR2757693A1 (en) | 1998-06-26 |
MX9710348A (en) | 1998-08-30 |
BR9706425B1 (en) | 2011-05-31 |
DE69720169T2 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
ZA9711512B (en) | 1999-06-22 |
ATE235754T1 (en) | 2003-04-15 |
ES2192660T3 (en) | 2003-10-16 |
BR9706425A (en) | 1999-05-25 |
CA2225625C (en) | 2007-03-20 |
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