EP0857776B1 - Verbesserung der Fliessfähigkeit von Mineralölen und Mineralöldestillaten unter Verwendung von Alkylphenol-Aldehydharzen - Google Patents
Verbesserung der Fliessfähigkeit von Mineralölen und Mineralöldestillaten unter Verwendung von Alkylphenol-Aldehydharzen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0857776B1 EP0857776B1 EP97122900A EP97122900A EP0857776B1 EP 0857776 B1 EP0857776 B1 EP 0857776B1 EP 97122900 A EP97122900 A EP 97122900A EP 97122900 A EP97122900 A EP 97122900A EP 0857776 B1 EP0857776 B1 EP 0857776B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mineral oil
- alkylphenol
- paraffin
- weight
- ethylene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/14—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving low temperature properties
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- C10L10/08—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving lubricity; for reducing wear
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- C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
- C10L1/1966—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof poly-carboxylic
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- C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
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Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for improving the flowability of mineral oils and mineral oil distillates containing paraffin by adding Flow improver based on ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers and terpolymers, Alkylphenol aldehyde resins and optionally other paraffin dispersants.
- Crude oils and middle distillates obtained by distilling crude oils such as gas oil, Diesel oil or heating oil contain different ones depending on the origin of the crude oils Amounts of n-paraffins, which as a platelet when the temperature is lowered Crystallize crystals and partially agglomerate with the inclusion of oil. This crystallization and agglomeration leads to a deterioration the flow properties of the oils or distillates, which means that during extraction, transport, Storage and / or use of mineral oils and mineral oil distillates may occur. This can happen when transporting mineral oils through pipes Crystallization phenomenon, especially in winter, to deposits on the Pipe walls, in individual cases, e.g. if a pipeline is at a standstill, even to it cause complete constipation.
- the mineral oils When storing and processing the Mineral oils may also be required in winter, the mineral oils in heated To store tanks. With mineral oil distillates, it occurs as a result of crystallization if necessary, clogging of the filters in diesel engines and Firing systems, which prevents safe metering of the fuels and possibly complete interruption of fuel or Heating medium supply occurs.
- Typical flow improvers for crude oils and middle distillates are copolymers and terpolymers of ethylene with carboxylic acid esters of vinyl alcohol.
- Another task of flow improver additives is to disperse the Paraffin crystals, i.e. the delay or prevention of sedimentation of the Paraffin crystals and thus the formation of a paraffin-rich layer on the bottom of Storage tanks.
- the monomeric paraffin dispersants are, for example, from EP-A-0 413 279 Reaction products of alkenyl spirobis lactones with amines are known.
- EP-A-0 061 894 are also oil-soluble nitrogen-containing compounds such as e.g. Reaction products of phthalic anhydride with amines described in Mixture with ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers can be used.
- EP-A-0 688 796 discloses copolymers based on ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated Olefins with at least 3 carbon atoms and ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated Dicarboxylic acid anhydrides are known, the dicarboxylic acid anhydride units by polymer-analogous reaction with polyetheramines or alkanolamines in Imide, amide or ammonium units are transferred.
- EP-A-0 606 055 discloses terpolymers based on ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated Dicarboxylic anhydrides, ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated compounds and Polyoxyalkylene ethers of lower, unsaturated alcohols, and their Use as paraffin inhibitors for petroleum products containing paraffin.
- EP-A-0 154177 describes reaction products of alternating copolymers based on maleic anhydride and ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated compounds primary monoalkylamines and aliphatic alcohols described. This Copolymers are particularly useful as paraffin inhibitors for those containing paraffin Petroleum products, such as crude oils and distillation residues from Petroleum processing, suitable.
- EP-A-0 436 151 describes reaction products of copolymers based on Maleic anhydride and ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated compounds with dialkylamines known.
- EP-A-0 283 293 discloses copolymers based on aliphatic olefins and Maleic anhydride, the copolymer having both ester and amide groups must have, each of which has an alkyl group with at least 10 Contains carbon atoms, and copolymers obtained by reacting one secondary amine with a polymer containing anhydride groups, from which Anhydride groups in equal parts of amides or ammonium salts are formed.
- paraffin dispersants are usually used with others Flow improver, in particular ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers, used.
- oxalkylated alkylphenol-formaldehyde resins contains up to 50 of the oxyalkyl side chain that represents the hydrophilic structural part Oxalkyl units, each having 2 - 6 carbon atoms.
- EP-A-0 311 452 discloses condensation products of at least 80 mol% difunctional, alkylated phenol and aldehydes containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms include, as a flow improver for mineral oils.
- the use of Condensation products of monoalkylated phenols with aldehydes as Flow improvers or paraffin dispersants are not disclosed.
- paraffin-dispersing action of the known paraffin dispersants is not always sufficient, so that when the oils cool down partially form large wax crystals, which due to their higher density in the course sediment the time and thus to form a paraffin-rich layer on Guide the bottom of the storage container.
- Problems occur especially with the additives of paraffin-rich narrow distillation cuts with boiling ranges from 20-90 Vol% less than 110 ° C, especially less than 100 ° C. Even with distillates with one more than 20 ° C, in particular more than 25 ° C large temperature difference between The boiling point and the temperature at which 90% by volume are distilled can be determined by the Addition of known additives often does not provide sufficient paraffin dispersion achieve.
- alkylphenol-aldehyde resins themselves have a paraffin-dispersing effect, excellent solubilizers between these substances.
- the alkylphenols are preferably para-substituted. They are preferably too at most 7 mol%, in particular at most 3 mol% with more than one Alkyl group substituted.
- the additives A, B and optionally C can be the paraffinic Mineral oils or mineral oil distillates are added separately.
- the individual additives or corresponding mixtures before addition to the mineral oils or Mineral oil distillates dissolved in an organic solvent or dispersant or dispersed.
- the mixture of additives B and C contains the solution or dispersion 5-90, preferably 5-75% by weight of the respective mixture.
- Suitable solvents or dispersants are aliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures, e.g. Gasoline fractions, kerosene, decane, pentadecane, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene or commercial solvent mixtures such as ®Solvent Naphtha, ®Shellsol AB, ®Solvesso 150, ®Solvesso 200, ®Exxsol, ®ISOPAR and Shellsol D types.
- polar solubilizers such as 2-ethylhexanol, Decanol, iso-decanol or iso-tridecanol can be added.
- the mineral oils or mineral oil distillates can also be other common Additives such as dewaxing agents, corrosion inhibitors, Antioxidants, lubricity additives, sludge inhibitors, cetane number improvers, Detergent additives, dehazers, conductivity improvers or dyes.
- Additives such as dewaxing agents, corrosion inhibitors, Antioxidants, lubricity additives, sludge inhibitors, cetane number improvers, Detergent additives, dehazers, conductivity improvers or dyes.
- Another object of the invention is an additive mixture for Paraffin dispersion in mineral oils and mineral oil distillates containing paraffin, containing at least one paraffin dispersant and at least one aliphatic or aromatic, liquid hydrocarbon as solvent, characterized in that at least one alkylphenol-aldehyde resin as Solubilizer is added.
- Another object of the invention is a method for producing Solutions of paraffin dispersants in aliphatic or aromatic liquid Hydrocarbons by adding an alkylphenol-aldehyde resin to the mixture of these substances added.
- Alkylphenol-aldehyde resins B are known in principle and are used, for example, in Römpp Chemistry lexicon, 9th edition, Thieme Verlag 1988-92, Volume 4, pp. 3351ff. described.
- the alkyl radicals of the o- or p-alkylphenol have 1-20, preferably 4-16, especially 6-12 carbon atoms; it is preferably n-, iso- and tert. Butyl, n- and iso-pentyl, n- and iso-hexyl, n- and iso-octyl, n- and iso-nonyl, n-and iso-decyl, n- and iso-dodecyl.
- the alkylphenol aldehyde can also contain up to 50 mol% Contain phenol units.
- the same or different alkylphenols can be used.
- the aliphatic aldehyde in the Alkylphenol-aldehyde resin B has 1-4 carbon atoms and is preferred Formaldehyde.
- the molecular weight of the alkylphenol-aldehyde resins is 400 - 10,000, preferably 400 - 5000 g / mol. The prerequisite here is that the resins are oil-soluble.
- the alkylphenol-aldehyde resins B are prepared in a known manner by basic catalysis, whereby condensation products of the resol type arise, or by acidic catalysis, producing condensation products of the novolak type.
- the condensates obtained in both ways are as additives B in method according to the invention suitable.
- the condensation is preferred in Presence of acidic catalysts.
- a bifunctional o- or p-alkylphenol with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 16, in particular 6 to 12 C atoms per alkyl group, or mixtures thereof and an aliphatic aldehyde 1 to 4 carbon atoms reacted with each other, per mol of alkylphenol compound about 0.5-2 mol, preferably 0.7-1.3 mol, and in particular equimolar amounts Aldehyde can be used.
- Suitable alkylphenols are, in particular, C 4 -C 12 alkylphenols such as, for example, o- or p-cresol, n-, sec- and tert. Butylphenol, n- and i-pentylphenol, n- and iso-hexylphenol, n- and iso-octylphenol, n- and iso-nonylphenol, n- and iso-decylphenol, n- and iso-dodecylphenol
- the alkylphenols to be used can be small amounts, preferably up to about 10 mol%, in particular up to 7 mol% and especially up to 3 mol% Dialkylphenols included.
- aldehydes are formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and butyraldehyde, formaldehyde is preferred.
- the formaldehyde can be in the form of paraformaldehyde or in the form of a preferably 20-40 wt .-% aqueous formalin solution can be used. It appropriate amounts of trioxane can also be used.
- alkylphenol and aldehyde usually takes place in the presence of alkaline catalysts, for example alkali hydroxides or alkylamines, or of acidic catalysts, for example inorganic or organic Acids, such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfonic acid, Sulfamido acids or haloacetic acids, and in the presence of one with water Azeotropic organic solvent, for example toluene, xylene, higher aromatics or mixtures thereof.
- the reaction mixture is on a Temperature of 90 to 200 ° C, preferably 100 - 160 ° C heated, which water of reaction formed during the reaction by azeotropic distillation Will get removed.
- Solvents that do not exist under the conditions of condensation Protons can split off after the condensation reaction in the products stay.
- the resins can be used directly or after neutralization of the catalyst are used, if necessary after further dilution of the solution with aliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbons or Hydrocarbon mixtures, e.g. Petrol fractions, kerosene, decane, pentadecane, Toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene or solvents such as ®Solvent Naphtha, ®Shellsol AB, ®Solvesso 150, ®Solvesso 200, ®Exxsol, ®ISOPAR and Shellsol D types.
- Such ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers or terpolymers with a Ethylene content of 60-90% by weight are ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers or terpolymers with a Ethylene content of 60-90% by weight.
- the polar ones are preferred nitrogenous compounds.
- monomeric polar nitrogen-containing compounds C for example following substances are used.
- EP-A-0 413 279 describes suitable reaction products of Alkenylspirobislactones with amines are described.
- the oil-soluble reaction products of EP-A-0 061 894 Phthalic anhydride with amines can be mixed with ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers be used.
- reaction products known from EP-A-0 597 278 of Aminoalkylene carboxylic acids with primary or secondary amines as monomers nitrogenous compounds C suitable.
- Copolymers are preferred as polymeric polar nitrogen-containing compounds C. or terpolymers based on ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated compounds and Maleic acid used.
- terpolymers based on ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated compounds and Maleic acid used are suitable:
- copolymers based on aliphatic disclosed in EP-A-0 283 293 Olefins and maleic anhydride the copolymer being both ester and Has amide groups, each of which has an alkyl group with at least 10 Contains carbon atoms.
- Additive A can also Mixtures of various ethylene vinyl ester copolymers or terpolymers are used which have a different qualitative and / or quantitative Composition and / or different viscosities (measured at 140 ° C) exhibit.
- Mixtures of alkylphenol-aldehyde resins are also additive B. usable as the various alkylphenols and / or aldehydes Components included.
- Mixtures of several of B various paraffin dispersants C can be used. Leave this way the flow improvers adapt to individual requirements.
- additives A, B and optionally C in the invention Processes added oils of animal, vegetable or mineral origin become.
- Mineral oils and mineral oil distillates containing paraffin are within the meaning of the invention for example crude oils, distillation residues from petroleum processing or others paraffinic oils. (compare e.g. Compositions and Properties of Petroleum, F. Enke Publishers, Stuttgart 1981, pages 1 - 37). Mineral oil products containing paraffin, in particular middle distillates such as jet fuel, diesel, heating oil EL and heavy heating oil is due to a boiling range of 120 - 500 ° C, preferably 150 - 400 ° C characterized.
- the paraffins are straight-chain or branched alkanes with about 10 - 50 carbon atoms.
- the cold flow behavior was determined as follows:
- test oils were measured at room temperature using the table 2 specified amounts of the additives heated to 60 ° C, 15 minutes heated to 40 ° C with occasional shaking and then on Cooled to room temperature.
- the middle distillate so additized was according to EN 116 determines the CFPP value (Cold Filter Plugging Point).
- the paraffin dispersion in middle distillates was as follows in the short sediment test proven:
- Representative winter diesel fuels were selected for the following tests German refineries used.
- the middle distillates were at room temperature mixed with the stated amounts of the additives tempered at 60 ° C., 15 Minunten heated to 40 ° C with occasional shaking and then on Cooled to room temperature.
- the middle distillate so additized was according to EN 116 determines the CFPP value.
- the additive middle distillates were in 200 ml measuring cylinders in one Refrigerator cooled to -2 ° C / hour to -13 ° C and 16 hours at this Temperature stored. Subsequently, both volume and appearance were visual the sediment (paraffin phase) as well as the oil phase above it and judged. A small amount of sediment and a cloudy oil phase show one good paraffin dispersion.
- the active ingredients listed above are homogenized at 80 ° C. with stirring. The stability of the solutions is then assessed visually after storage for 3 days at room temperature or at 60 ° C. components RT 60 ° C A (100%; comparison) - cloudy, crystalline shares clear A (50%) C (50%) clear clear B (100%; comparison) - cloudy, crystalline shares cloudy B (50%) C (50%) clear clear
Description
- eine oder mehrere mit mindestens einer C8 - C26-Alkylkette substituierte Ester-, Amid- und/oder Imidgruppen enthalten
- und/oder eine oder mehrere Ammoniumgruppen tragen, die sich von Aminen mit einer oder zwei C8 - C26 Alkylgruppen ableiten.
Zur Herstellung dieses Formaldehyd-Harzes wurde p-Nonylphenol in Gegenwart katalytischer Mengen Alkylbenzolsulfonsäure mit einer äquimolaren Menge einer 35 Gew.-%igen Formalinlösung zur Reaktion gebracht, das Reaktionsgemisch durch Auskreisen mit einer Mischung höher siedender aromatischer Kohlenwasserstoffe (Siedebereich 185-215°C) vom Wasser befreit und mit Kaliumhydroxid neutralisiert. Das rotbraune Harz wurde in ®Solvent Naphtha auf einen Feststoffgehalt von 50% verdünnt. Das gelchromatographisch bestimmte Molekulargewicht (Eichung gegen Polystyrol-Standards) liegt bei 2000 g/mol.
Analog zu Beispiel B1 wurden äquimolare Mengen Nonylphenol und Butylphenol unter saurer Katalyse mit Formaldehyd kondensiert. Das Molekulargewicht des rotbraunen Harzes liegt bei 1800 g/mol.
Mit 5,5 mol Ethylenoxid unter saurer Katalyse umgesetztes Nonylphenol-Formaldehydharz gemäß Beispiel B1, 50%ig in Solvent Naphtha.
Charakterisierung der Testöle | ||||||||
Testöl | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Siedebeginn °C | 175 | 172 | 174 | 159 | 159 | 176 | 170 | 169 |
20 % Siedepunkt °C | 223 | 217 | 212 | 230 | 222 | 254 | 247 | 201 |
30 % Siedepunkt °C | 236 | 228 | 224 | 239 | 231 | 261 | 257 | 215 |
50 % Siedepunkt °C | 261 | 253 | 252 | 276 | 273 | 282 | 281 | 242 |
90 % Siedepunkt °C | 326 | 322 | 342 | 328 | 329 | 327 | 328 | 330 |
Siedeende °C | 354 | 348 | 370 | 357 | 359 | 355 | 356 | 361 |
Cloud Point °C | -8,5 | -9,9 | -5,6 | -6,0 | -5,7 | -6,7 | -6,5 | -5,6 |
CFPP °C | -12 | -12 | -10 | -9 | -9 | -10 | -10 | -8 |
Komponenten | RT | 60°C | |
A (100 %; Vergleich) | - | trüb, kristalline Anteile | klar |
A (50 %) | C (50 %) | klar | klar |
B (100 %; Vergleich) | - | trüb, kristalline Anteile | trüb |
B (50 %) | C (50 %) | klar | klar |
- Solvent Naphtha ®Shellsol AB ®Solvesso 150
- aromatische Lösemittelgemische mit Siedebereich 180 bis 210°C
- ®Solvesso 200
- aromatisches Lösemittelgemisch mit Siedebereich 230 bis 287°C
- ®Exxsol
- Dearomatisierte Lösemittel in verschiedenen Siedebereichen, beispielsweise ®Exxsol D60: 187 bis 215°C
- ®ISOPAR (Exxon)
- isoparaffinische Lösemittelgemische in verschiedenen Siedebereichen, beispielsweise ®ISOPAR L: 190 bis 210°C
- ®Shellsol D
- hauptsächlich aliphatische Lösemittelgemische in verschiedenen Siedebereichen
Claims (24)
- Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Fließfähigkeit von paraffinhaltigen Mineralölen und Mineralöldestillaten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man das paraffinhaltige Mineralöl bzw. Mineralöldestillat mitA) mindestens einem Ethylen/Vinylester-Co- oder -Terpolymeren, undB) mindestens einem Alkylphenol-Aldehyd-Harz, wobei das Harz oder die Harze höchstens 10 mol-% von Alkylphenolen enthalten, die mehr als eine Alkylgruppe enthalten, sowie gegebenenfallsC) mindestens einer von B verschiedenen polaren Stickstoffverbindung als Paraffin-Dispergator versetzt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man das paraffinhaltige Mineralöl bzw. Mineralöldestillat mitA) 10 - 5000 ppm, bevorzugt 10 - 2000 ppm, bezogen auf das Mineralöl bzw. Mineralöldestillat, mindestens eines Ethylenvinylester-Co- oder -Terpolymeren,B) 10 - 2000 ppm, bevorzugt 10 - 1000 ppm, bezogen auf das Mineralöl bzw. Mineralöldestillat, mindestens eines Alkylphenol-Aldehyd-Harzes und gegebenenfallsC) bis zu 2000 ppm, bevorzugt bis zu 1000 ppm, bezogen auf das Mineralöl bzw. Mineralöldestillat mindestens eines von B verschiedenen Paraffin-Dispergators, versetzt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die EthylenNinylester-Co- oder -Terpolymeren A einen Ethylengehalt von 60 - 90 Gew.-% aufweisen.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 - 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man gleiche oder verschiedene Alkylphenol-Aldehyd-Harze B einsetzt, wobei die Alkylreste des Alkylphenols 1 - 20, bevorzugt 4 - 16, insbesondere 6-12 Kohlenstoffatome besitzen und insbesondere n-,iso- und tert. Butyl, n- und iso-Pentyl, n-und iso-Hexyl, n-und iso-Octyl, n-und iso-Nonyl, n-und iso-Decyl, n-und iso-Dodecyl darstellen und der Aldehyd 1-4 Kohlenstoffatome besitzt und bevorzugt Formaldehyd, Acetaldehyd und Butyraldehyd, insbesondere Formaldehyd darstellt.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 - 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als von B verschiedene Paraffin-Dispergatoren C polare, niedermolekulare oder polymere, öllösliche Verbindungen einsetzt, dieeine oder mehrere mit mindestens einer C8 - C26-Alkylkette substituierte Ester-, Amid- und/oder Imidgruppen enthältund/oder eine oder mehrere Ammoniumgruppen trägt, die sich von Aminen mit einer oder zwei C8 - C26 Alkylgruppen ableiten.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 - 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Ethylen/Vinylester Co- oder Terpolymeren A und die Alkylphenol-Aldehyd-Harze B sowie gegebenenfalls die von B verschiedenen Paraffin-Dispergatoren C getrennt zu dem Mineralöl bzw. Mineralöldestillat zugibt.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 - 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Ethylen/Vinylester-Co- oder -Terpolymere A einzeln und die Alkylphenol-Aldehyd-Harze B sowie die von B verschiedenen Paraffin-Dispergatoren C in einer Mischung zugibt, die 10-90 Gew% mindestens eines Alkylphenol-Aldehyd-Harzes B und 90-10 Gew% mindestens eines von B verschiedenen Paraffin-Dispergators enthält, wobei die Summe der Additive B und C in der Mischung immer 100 Gew% beträgt.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 - 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man das Mineralöl bzw. Mineralöldestillat mit einer Mischung versetzt aus 5 - 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines EthylenNinylester-Co- oder -Terpolymeren A und 5 - 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines Alkylphenol-Aldehyd-Harzes B, sowie gegebenenfalls 5 - 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines von B verschiedenen Paraffin-Dispergators C, wobei die Summe der Additive A, B und C immer 100 Gew.-% beträgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einzelnen Additive A, B und gegebenenfalls C oder die entsprechenden Mischungen der Additive B und C bzw. A,B und gegebenenfalls C vor der Zugabe zum Mineralöl bzw. Mineralöldestillat in einem organischen Lösungs- oder Dispergiermittel gelöst oder dispergiert werden.
- Verwendung von Alkylphenol-Aldehyd-Harzen B in Kombination mit Ethylen/Vinylester-Co- oder Terpolymeren A und gegebenenfalls von B verschiedenen polaren Stickstoffverbindungen als Paraffindispergatoren C als Fließverbesserer, insbesondere Paraffindispergatoren in Mineralölen und Mineralöldestillaten.
- Mischung ausB) 10 - 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines Alkylphenol-Aldehyd-Harzes undC) 90 - 10 Gew.-% mindestens einer von B verschiedenen polaren Stickstoffverbindung als Paraffin-Dispergator,
- Mischung ausA) 5 - 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines Ethylen/Vinylester-Co- oder Terpolymeren undB) 5 - 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines Alkylphenol-Aldehyd-Harzes sowie gegebenenfallsC) 5 - 10 Gew.-% mindestens eine von B verschiedenen polaren Stickstoffverbindung als Paraffin-Dispergator
- Mineralöle bzw. Mineralöldestillate enthaltendA) mindestens ein Ethylen-Vinylester-Co- oder Terpolymer undB) mindestens ein Alkylphenol-Aldehydharz sowie gegebenenfallsC) mindestens eine von B verschiedene polare Stickstoffverbindung als Paraffin-Dispergator.
- Mineralöle bzw. Mineralöldestillate nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sieA) 10 - 5000 ppm, bevorzugt 10 - 2000 ppm, bezogen auf das Mineralöl bzw. Mineralöldestillat, mindestens eines Ethylen/Vinylester-Co- oder -Terpolymeren,B) 10- 2000 ppm, bevorzugt 10 - 1000 ppm, bezogen auf das Mineralöl bzw. Mineralöldestillat, mindestens eines Alkylphenol-Formaldehyd-Harzes und gegebenenfallsC) bis zu 2000 ppm, bevorzugt bis zu 1000 ppm, bezogen auf das Mineralöl bzw. Mineralöldestillat, mindestens eines von B verschiedenen Paraffin-Dispergators, enthalten.
- Additivgemisch zur Paraffindispergierung in paraffinhaltigen Mineralölen und Mineralöldestillaten, enthaltend mindestens eine polare Stickstoffverbindung als Paraffindispergator und mindestens einen aliphatischen oder aromatischen, flüssigen Kohlenwasserstoff als Lösemittel, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Alkylphenol-Aldehydharz als Lösevermittler zugesetzt wird.
- Additivgemisch nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Paraffin-Dispergatoren polare, niedermolekulare oder polymere öllösliche Verbindungen, diea) eine oder mehrere mit mindestens einer C8-C26- Alkylkette substituierte Ester-, Amid- und/oder Imidgruppen enthaltenb) und/oder eine oder mehrere Ammoniumgruppen tragen, die sich von Aminen mit einer oder zwei C8-C26-Alkylgruppen ableiten,
- Additivgemisch nach Anspruch 15 und/oder 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich das Alkylphenol-Aldehydharz von ortho- oder para-Alkylphenolen ableitet.
- Additivgemisch nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 15 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Alkylrest des Alkylphenol-Aldehydharzes 1 bis 20, vorzugsweise 4 bis 12, insbesondere 6-12 Kohlenstoffatome aufweist.
- Additivgemisch nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 15 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich bei dem Alkylrest um n-, iso- oder tert.-Butyl, n- oder iso-Pentyl, n- oder iso-Hexyl, n- oder iso-Octyl, n- oder iso-Nonyl, n- oder iso-Decyl, n- oder iso-Dodecyl handelt.
- Additivgemisch nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 15 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Aldehyd des Alkylphenol-Aldehydharzes 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatome aufweist.
- Additivgemisch nach Anspruch 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich um Formaldehyd, Acetaldehyd oder Butyraldehyd handelt.
- Additivgemisch nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 15 bis 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Molekulargewicht der Alkylphenol-Aldehydharze zwischen 400 und 10000, vorzugsweise zwischen 400 und 5000 g/mol beträgt.
- Additivgemisch nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 15 bis 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es Fließverbesserer enthält, die aus Co- und/oder Terpolymeren von Ethylen und Vinylestern bestehen.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von Lösungen von Fließverbesserern und polaren Stickstoffverbindungen als Paraffindispergatoren in aliphatischen oder aromatischen flüssigen Kohlenwasserstoffen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man dem Gemisch dieser Stoffe ein Alkylphenol-Aldehydharz zusetzt.
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DE1997100159 DE19700159A1 (de) | 1997-01-07 | 1997-01-07 | Verbesserung der Fließfähigkeit von Mineralölen und Mineralöldestillaten unter Verwendung von Alkylphenol-Aldehydharzen |
DE19700159 | 1997-01-07 | ||
DE1997139272 DE19739272A1 (de) | 1997-09-08 | 1997-09-08 | Additiv zur Paraffindispergierung in Mineralölen und Mineralöldestillaten |
DE19739272 | 1997-09-08 |
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EP2336206A1 (de) | 2009-12-21 | 2011-06-22 | Infineum International Limited | Verbesserungen an Polymeren |
EP2514803A1 (de) | 2011-04-21 | 2012-10-24 | Infineum International Limited | Verbesserungen an Brennstoffölen |
EP2514774A1 (de) | 2011-04-21 | 2012-10-24 | Infineum International Limited | Verbesserungen an Polymeren |
EP3093332A1 (de) | 2015-05-14 | 2016-11-16 | Infineum International Limited | Verbesserungen an additivzusammensetzungen und an brennstoffölen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2226278C (en) | 2006-10-24 |
ATE223953T1 (de) | 2002-09-15 |
DE59708189D1 (de) | 2002-10-17 |
ES2183073T5 (es) | 2007-10-16 |
NO980064L (no) | 1998-07-08 |
JP4132167B2 (ja) | 2008-08-13 |
EP0857776A1 (de) | 1998-08-12 |
US5998530A (en) | 1999-12-07 |
KR19980070366A (ko) | 1998-10-26 |
CA2226278A1 (en) | 1998-07-07 |
KR100523677B1 (ko) | 2006-01-27 |
JPH10245575A (ja) | 1998-09-14 |
EP0857776B2 (de) | 2007-05-02 |
ES2183073T3 (es) | 2003-03-16 |
NO980064D0 (no) | 1998-01-06 |
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