EP1002474A1 - Footwear made watertight by pinchsealing the upperedges and method of making the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The footwear has an upper (15) with a pinch (35) to take an adhesive (37) for bonding with the under side (23) of the insole (11) within the pinched structure of a lower layer (43) and limit edge (36) towards the center of the insole. The sole is adhesive bonded to the under layer (43) of the pinch. The adhesive (37) in the pinch is a reactive hot-melt adhesive. The adhesive (37) is at least in a zone of the pinch free of folds, which is formed round the edge of the insole (11). The sole adhesive is also a reactive hot-melt adhesive to give a watertight sealing at the end side towards the sole and also the upper watertight function layer (21) in an adhesive mantle shrouding. The adhesives for the pinch and the sole are of different reactive hot-melt adhesives, which are compatible and give a chemical or mechanical water sealing between them. Or they are both of the same adhesive. The adhesives are activated by moisture and heat. The upper function layer (21) is permeable to vapor. The function layer (21) is on the side of the upper away from the upper material (17), and can be with an additional layer (31,33) which does not extend into the pinch. The insole (11) is waterproof or is permeable to water, and is bonded to the upper surface of the sole. The sole can be waterproof, or have a permeable material at least at the center which is covered from above by a waterproof function layer which covers it and the sole edge, with an overlapping sealing through the adhesive. The sole function layer is permeable to vapor. The waterproof function layers are part of a laminate with at least two laminated layers. The pinch (35) can be filled with a filler material, in the space between the insole (11) and the sole. An Independent claim is included for a manufacturing process where the pinch (35) is bonded with an adhesive (37) to the under side (23) of the insole (11). The sole is bonded by an adhesive to the under side (43) of the pinch, and the pinch adhesive is activated. An open-pore adhesion grip material covers the whole or part of the footwear and the sides. The reactive hot-melt adhesive, in a width of 1 cm, gives an overlap between the insole and the pinched upper.

Description

The invention relates to footwear with one on the underside Insole twisted shaft, at least partially with a liquid-tight or at least waterproof functional layer is provided in a sheet-like material, which is preferably is permeable to water vapor and therefore breathable, and with one the bottom of the lasting fold glued outsole. Moreover The invention relates to a method for producing such Shoe.

Special efforts are required to be permanent Watertightness in the area between the sole end of the shaft and Ensure sole construction.

For shoes made with the well-known adhesive sticking process an end region of the Shoe upper glued to an edge area of the insole underside and on the bottom of this glued unit is an outsole upset. This structure has weak points, especially in places at which the shear contour has a small radius of curvature and folds of the twisted shaft material arise in the lasting fold. In such places, the lasting glue either seals from the start not the entire transition area between the upper and Insole, especially in the area of the pleats, or the Pinch glue can be caused by bending stress in such places the use of shoes becomes brittle and therefore permeable to water.

From DE 40 00 156A it is known between the Insole circumference and the functional layer of the upper Arrange sealing adhesive. To prevent water, which over the upper material of the shaft and the gusset Underside of the insole has reached the inside of the shoe can, is the insole with a waterproof insole layer Mistake. There may be cases where the additional step of Gluing the insole circumference to the functional layer and the Use of a waterproof insole is not desirable.

EP 0 286 853A describes a method for sealing the Creasing one with a waterproof, water vapor permeable Functional layer provided shoe upper, in which an inner edge area of the lasting fold during the lasting sticking is kept unglued and after the lasting process to the bottom of the gusset, an injection mold with the gusset raised sealing lip is attached. The sealing lip follows in the essential the contour of the insole edge and is opposite the Outer peripheral contour of the outsole to be applied later Insole center offset. In the formed between the sealing lip A sealing material is injected into the space, which Pinch the unglued edge area of the with the Functional layer surrounding shaft and thus seals. This sealing process has proven itself well, but it does Injection mold and a spraying machine of the type mentioned above.

From EP 0 595 941B it is known for a shoe with a Upper that has a waterproof layer and around an insole is tweaked around to seal the lasting fold in that the Edge of the shaft area to be pinched in before pinching waterproof material is embedded, which is polyurethane (PU) can act. This sealing method has also proven itself well however, requires the additional step of embedding the Lasting edge.

The invention is intended to be manufactured using the lasting method Footwear should be made available with as little as possible mechanical effort and with as few procedural steps as possible Gusset area can be made permanently waterproof.

Footwear according to the invention comprises an insole with a Insole bottom; a shaft with an upper is constructed and has an end region on the sole side; a waterproof shaft functional layer covering the upper of the Shaft at least partially lined on the inside and one has end region on the sole side; with the shaft one Zwickeinschlag which, by means of a lasting adhesive with the Insole underside is glued and one of the Insole bottom side has pioneering gusset underside; and an outsole that is attached to the shoe with an outsole adhesive Underwire bottom is glued; this is used as a lasting glue waterproof reactive hot melt adhesive applied.

A method according to the invention for the production of footwear includes an insole with an insole bottom; a shaft, which is constructed with an upper and a sole on the sole Has end region; a waterproof shaft function layer, which the upper of the shaft at least partially on the inside lined and has a sole-side end region; being the Stem a crotch with a crotch bottom having; and an outsole. First, the last wedge glued to the underside of the insole using lasting adhesive. After that the outsole is placed on the outsole using an outsole adhesive The bottom of the wedge is glued on. As a lasting glue is a waterproof reactive hot melt adhesive used.

In the method according to the invention, the desired Watertightness in the lasting zone achieved that as Zwick adhesive a reactive hot melt adhesive is used, which in the cured or fully reacted to water resistance.

Whether a shoe is waterproof can e.g. with a centrifuge arrangement of the type described in US-A-5,329,807.

Due to the use of waterproof material Reactive hotmelt adhesive as a lasting adhesive prevents water, the over water-conducting upper material of the shaft up to Last wedge has reached the one pointing away from the upper Reaches the inside of the functional layer and thus into the Shoe interior. This risk is particularly great when on the A lining material with high absorbency inside the functional layer located. The reactive hot-melt adhesive used according to the invention as a lasting adhesive seals the materials in the crotch including the particularly critical gussets also after Bending stress when walking with the footwear reliable and permanently waterproof.

In one embodiment of the invention is used as a lasting adhesive and also used as an outsole adhesive reactive hot melt adhesive. Such a reactive hot melt adhesive is initially used for the Gusset glue applied as gusset glue to the gusset area and then reactive hot melt adhesive, preferably the same Reactive hot melt adhesive, as outsole adhesive on the underside of the Gusset applied to glue the outsole. The serving as lasting adhesive and the hot melt adhesive Reactive hot melt adhesive that serves as outsole adhesive becomes such applied that they combine to form an adhesive coating, which the sole-side end region of both the upper material of the shaft and also surround the shaft functional layer in a watertight manner or encase. This leads to increased sealing function like them will be explained in more detail below.

When manufacturing the footwear, it can be used as an outsole adhesive serving reactive hot melt adhesive so early after application of the applied as a lasting adhesive hot melt adhesive be that the lasting glue is still reactive and the Outsole glue to the lasting glue by chemical bonding can combine a common, uniform adhesive coating.

The outsole adhesive can also only after the hardening of the Lasting glue or at least after the lasting glue has hardened be applied to its free surface. This creates between the lasting glue and the outsole glue a mechanical one Connection that has mechanical strength and water resistance.

Neither is required for the production of footwear according to the invention an injection mold and an additional machine for inserting Sealing material, an additional seal gluing between the edge of the insole and the functional layer, another Process step in which the free end of the lasting fold must be edged with a sealing material before the Pinching process can take place. The method according to the invention leads hence, at low cost of manufacturing waterproof shoes like them have not been achieved with the known methods.

Reactive hot melt adhesives are adhesives that are used their activation from relatively short molecular chains with a medium one Molecular weight in the range of about 3000 to about 5000 g / mol exist, are non-adhesive and, if necessary, after thermal Activate, be brought into a reaction state in which the link relatively short molecular chains to long molecular chains and harden in a damp atmosphere. In the reaction or They are adhesive capable of curing. After the cross-linking They cannot be reactivated once they have hardened. The reaction leads to a three-dimensional cross-linking of the molecular chains what Watertightness of the fully reacted reactive hot melt adhesive causes and leads to a highly effective seal. The three-dimensional Networking leads to particularly strong protection against intrusion of water in the glue. Especially in the area of sole construction this highly effective seal and protection against the ingress of Water of prime importance.

Polyurethane reactive hot melt adhesives are particularly suitable for the purpose according to the invention, in the following PU reactive hot melt adhesives called. Resins, aromatic hydrocarbon resins, aliphatic hydrocarbon resins and condensation resins, e.g. in the form of epoxy resin (EP).

The curing reaction of PU reactive hot melt adhesive which causes curing is usually caused by moisture for what Air humidity is sufficient. There are blocked PU reactive hot melt adhesives, their crosslinking reaction only after activation of the PU reactive hot melt adhesive begin using thermal energy can, so that such hot melt adhesive is open, i.e. in surroundings with Humidity, can be stored. On the other hand, there are non-blocked ones PU reactive hot melt adhesives, in which one Crosslinking reaction takes place at room temperature when in Environment with humidity. The latter hot melt adhesives one has to take place as long as the crosslinking reaction has not yet taken place should protect against humidity.

Both types of PU reactive hot melt adhesives are in the unreacted Condition usually in the form of rigid blocks. Before the The hot melt adhesive is applied to the areas to be bonded warmed to melt it and thus spreadable or applicable close. In the case of using unblocked Hot melt adhesive must prevent such heating Humidity. When using blocked Hot melt adhesive this is not necessary but care should be taken that the heating temperature is below the unblocking Activation temperature remains.

In one embodiment of the invention, PU reactive hot melt adhesive used with blocked or blocked Isocyanate is built up. To overcome isocyanate blocking and thus to activate the built up with the blocked isocyanate Reactive hot melt adhesive needs thermal activation be performed. Activation temperatures for such PU reactive hot melt adhesives are in the range of 70 ° C to 170 ° C.

In another embodiment of the invention, it is not blocked PU reactive hot melt adhesive used. The crosslinking reaction can can be accelerated by the application of heat.

Suitable for the invention under the name IPATHERM S 14/242 PU reactive hot melt adhesive available from H.P. Fuller in Wells, Austria and the Macroplast QR 6202 available from Henkel AG, Düsseldorf, Germany PU reactive hot melt adhesive.

Are used for both the lasting glue and the outsole glue If reactive hot melt adhesives are used, this should be reactive hot melt adhesives be in terms of their physical and chemical properties are so coordinated that they work together to form the waterproof adhesive coating, i.e. the outsole adhesive on the previously applied lasting adhesive in too Water resistance leading chemically and / or mechanically is liable.

You can use it for the lasting glue and for the outsole glue use the same reactive hot melt adhesive. Particularly simple and The production of shoes according to the invention becomes economical Use of reactive hot melt adhesive that can be activated thermally and by means of moisture, e.g. Water vapor, for the curing reaction is feasible.

Would you like to use a reactive hot melt adhesive whose Initial strength due to too long a physical Setting time is too short, you can use the reactive hot melt adhesive add thermoplastic parts that are sufficiently short Have setting time and first take on an adhesive function, until the reactive hot melt adhesive has hardened so far that it develops enough adhesive effect.

Thermoplastics are non-reactive polymers that become sticky when heated and harden by subsequent cooling. By renewed Heating can bring them back into an adhesive state become.

As thermoplastics, the most preferred PU reactive hot melt adhesive can be added, for example, are suitable thermoplastic polyester and thermoplastic polyurethane.

A shaft functional layer that is not only is impermeable to water but also permeable to water vapor. This enables the production of waterproof shoes that despite Waterproofness remain breathable.

A functional layer is regarded as "watertight", possibly including seams provided on the functional layer, if it guarantees a water inlet pressure of at least 0.13 bar. The functional layer material preferably ensures a water inlet pressure of more than 1 bar. The water inlet pressure is to be measured in accordance with a test method in which distilled water is applied at 20 ± 2 ° C. to a sample of 100 cm ^{2 of} the functional layer with increasing pressure. The pressure rise of the water is 60 ± 3 cm Ws per minute. The water inlet pressure then corresponds to the pressure at which water first appears on the other side of the sample. Details of the procedure are given in the ISO standard 0811 from 1981.

A functional layer is regarded as "permeable to water vapor" if it has a water vapor permeability number Ret of less than 150 m ² · Pa · W ^-1 . The water vapor permeability is tested according to the Hohenstein skin model. This test method is described in DIN EN 31092 (02 (94) or ISO 11092 (19/33).

The water resistance of a shoe or boot can already be improved mentioned centrifuge method can be tested according to US-A-5 329 807. A centrifuge arrangement described there has four pivotable Retained baskets for holding shoes. So that can two or four shoes or boots can be tested at the same time. At This centrifuge assembly will leak to find it Make use of the centrifugal forces caused by fast Centrifugation of the footwear are generated. Before centrifuging water is poured into the interior of the footwear. On the The outside of the footwear is absorbent material such as Blotting paper or a paper towel arranged. Practice the centrifugal forces exerts a pressure on the water filled in the footwear, which causes water to get to the absorbent material when that Footwear is leaking.

In such a water resistance test, water is first poured into the Filled in footwear. For footwear with an upper that does not has sufficient inherent rigidity, becomes stiff in the interior of the shaft Stabilization material arranged to collapse the shaft to prevent during centrifugation. In the respective holding basket there is blotting paper or a paper towel to which the testing footwear is set. The centrifuge is then used for a set time period in rotation. After that, the centrifuge stopped and the blotting paper or paper towel will then appear examines whether it is damp. If it is damp, the tested footwear has failed the water resistance test. If it is dry, it has tested footwear passed the test and is considered waterproof classified.

The pressure that the water exerts when centrifuging depends on the effective shoe area depending on the shoe size (Inner sole surface) A, from the mass m of the footwear amount of water filled, from the effective centrifuge radius r and from the centrifuge speed U.

mit ω = 2πf

und v = 2rπf

The water pressure exerted on the effective shoe surface by centrifugation is then: P = (mv 2nd ) / (A · r) = (m · ω 2nd R) / A

With ω = 2πf

and v = 2rπf

In a water resistance test suitable for footwear according to the invention, an effective centrifuge radius of 50 cm and a centrifuge speed of 254 revolutions per minute are used. In footwear of size 42 with an effective shoe area of 232 cm ² , one liter of water is poured into the footwear.

m = 1 kg

v = 2·0,5m·π·4,23/s = 13,3 m/s

P = (1kg·(13,3m/s)²)/(0,5m·0,0232m²) = 353,8N/0,0232m² = 0,13956bar

This results in:

m = 1 kg

v = 2 · 0.5m · π · 4.23 / s = 13.3 m / s

P = (1kg · (13.3m / s) ² ) / (0.5m · 0.0232m ² ) = 353.8N / 0.0232m ² = 0.13956bar

For other shoe sizes with correspondingly more effective ones Shoe surface can have the same test print with a correspondingly changed one Water mass can be reached.

The upper material for the shaft is, for example, leather or textile Suitable for fabrics. It can be the case with textile fabrics for example, woven, knitted, crocheted, fleece or felt. These textile fabrics can be made of natural fibers, for example Cotton or viscose, from synthetic fibers, for example from Polyesters, polyamides, polypropylenes or polyolefins, or from Mixtures of at least two such materials can be produced.

The insole of footwear according to the invention can be made of viscose, Fleece, e.g. Polyester fleece, to which melt fibers can be added, Leather or glued leather fibers exist. An insole is under the name Texon insole from Texon Mockmuhl GmbH in Mockmuhl, Germany.

Usually on the inside of the upper for the shaft a lining material is arranged. The same is suitable for this Materials as previously specified for the upper.

After the sealing according to the invention is on the bottom of the shoe an outsole applied. This can be made of waterproof material like e.g. Rubber or plastic, such as polyurethane, exist or Made of non-waterproof material such as leather in particular.

The reactive hot melt adhesive is glued to the underside of the shoe becomes particularly intimate when you use the reactive hot melt adhesive after Apply mechanically against the bottom of the shoe Presses the bottom of the shoe and thus compresses it. This is suitable preferably a pressing device, e.g. in form of Pressure pad, with a through the reactive hot melt adhesive not wettable and therefore not with the reactive hot melt adhesive adhesive, smooth material surface, for example made of non-porous Polyterafluoroethylene (also under the trade name Teflon known). A pressure pad is preferably used for this, for example in the form of a rubber cushion or air cushion, the Pressing surface with a film made of the material mentioned, for example non-porous polytetrafluoroethylene, is coated, or one arranges between the with the reactive hot melt adhesive before the pressing process provided sole structure and the pressure pad one such a film.

Suitable materials for the waterproof, water vapor permeable Functional layers are in particular polyurethane, polypropylene and Polyesters, including polyether esters and their laminates, as described in US-A-4,725,418 and US-A-4,493,870 are. However, stretched porous polytetrafluoroethylene is particularly preferred (ePTFE), as described, for example, in US-A-3,953,566 as well as US-A-4,187,390 and stretched Polytetrafluoroethylene, which is impregnated with water vapor permeable and / or layers are provided; see for example the Document US-A-4,194,041. Under a porous functional layer is understood to be a functional layer whose average pore size is between 0.2 µm and 0.3 µm.

The pore size can be measured using the Coulter Porometer (brand name) measured by Coulter Electronics, Inc., Hialeath, Florida, USA.

The Coulter Porometer is a measuring device that performs an automatic measurement of the pore size distributions in porous media, the (in ASTM standard E 1298-89) Liquid displacement method is used.

The Coulter Porometer determines the pore size distribution of a sample by increasing air pressure directed at the sample and by Measure the resulting flow. This pore size distribution is a measure of the degree of uniformity of the pores of the sample (i.e. a narrow pore size distribution means that there is a small difference between the smallest pore size and the largest pore size). It is determined by dividing the maximum pore size by the minimal pore size.

The Coulter Porometer also calculates the pore size for the middle one Flow. By definition, half of the flow takes place through the porous sample held by pores whose pore size is above or is below this pore size for medium flow.

If ePTFE is used as the functional layer, the reactive hot melt adhesive can be used during the gluing process into the pores of the Functional layer penetrate, leading to mechanical anchoring of the reactive hot melt adhesive leads in this functional layer. From ePTFE existing functional layer can be on the side with which it in contact with the reactive hot melt adhesive during the gluing process comes with a thin water vapor permeable polyurethane layer be provided. When using PU reactive hot melt adhesive in A connection with such a functional layer does not only occur mechanical connection but also in addition to a chemical Connection between the PU reactive hot melt adhesive and the PU layer on the functional layer. This leads to a particularly intimate one Bonding between the functional layer and the reactive hot melt adhesive, so that a particularly permanent waterproofness is guaranteed.

It can be a waterproof outsole and / or a waterproof one Insole can be used. But if you are in the sole area despite Want to maintain breathability, you can use an insole and an outsole that are at least in Partial areas made of water and water vapor permeable material consist, and ensure the water resistance that the water-permeable areas of the insole and / or outsole a waterproof, water vapor permeable sole functional layer be provided.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the Insole made of water-permeable material and is the outsole within a circumferential edge made of rubber or plastic constructed with leather, on the side facing the insole one waterproof, water vapor permeable sole functional layer is arranged. This extends in the direction of the sole circumference at least to the extent that it differs from that by means of reactive hot melt adhesive covered area of the lasting overlap is overlapped.

A shoe according to the invention can have an upper and a shaft functional layer lining this on the inside thereof be built up, the latter preferably being part of a laminate, which is the functional layer and at least one to the inside of the shoe has a facing lining layer. The laminate can also have more than two Have layers, being on the lining layer a textile side is located on the opposite side of the functional layer can. In this case, both for the upper stock as well a lasting fold is formed for the functional layer shaft. It can the pinching of both pinches in one Pinching process or in two separate lasting processes be accomplished, each with reactive adhesive as Lasting glue.

One leads for the lasting sticking of the upper material and for that Pinch the shaft functional layer two separate Gusset gluing operations, you can use these two gusset gluing operations and the subsequent outsole gluing process in one perform timeframe that the cross-linking or Hardening process for the for the first lasting process applied reactive hot melt adhesive is still insufficient has progressed to using the outsole glue applied To be able to chemically bond reactive hot melt adhesive sufficiently, to create a waterproof adhesive coating for the two To be able to form lasting twists.

These different gluing processes can also be done in such a way perform a time interval from each other that a subsequent Bonding only after partial or complete cross-linking reaction of the with the hot melt adhesive applied beforehand is carried out. In this case, a mechanical connection is created the one applied during the various gluing processes Hot melt adhesives that also become waterproof Adhesive coating leads.

In another embodiment of the invention, a Upper material laminate used, which has a shaft functional layer contains. A shaft constructed in this way then only needs to be on the To be lined on the inside with a simple lining material. In In this case, the seal is made by sheathing the sole-side end region of the one containing the shaft functional layer Upper material laminates instead of the reactive hot melt adhesive.

Between the insole and the outsole can be within the Gusset edge give a cavity, usually with a filling material is filled. This filler can be used in a shoe according to the invention any of the known conventional Filling materials. But you can also fill this cavity with reactive hot melt adhesive to fill.

The reactive hot-melt adhesive used as a lasting adhesive is preferred in a paste-like, for example caterpillar-like, shape brought into an angle that is between the sticking between the lower peripheral edge of the insole and the one above Insole edge hanging down to be pinched shaft part forms. The serving as an outsole adhesive reactive hot melt adhesive preferably sprayed onto the underside of the lasting fold.

If you add thermoplastic to the reactive hot melt adhesive and the resulting adhesive due to the added Thermoplastic hot melt adhesive sufficient and timely preliminary Adhesion has, you can also proceed that first applies the adhesive serving as a lasting adhesive with which provisional adhesiveness the gusset provisionally on the Insole sticks, then the outsole adhesive on the bottom of the lasting fold and then the outsole under the provisional adhesive effect of the thermoplastic adhesive temporarily on the Glued underside of the lasting fold. The one leading to curing Crosslinking reaction under the influence of air humidity or Water vapor and, if blocked reactive hot melt adhesive is used, which precedes the crosslinking reaction Thermal activation can then be done in a common step be performed.

Fig. 1

einen Schuhaufbau einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung nach dem Aufbringen von Zwickkleber;

Fig. 2

eine Vergrößerung eines Ausschnitts eines Schuhaufbaus;

Fig. 3

einen Schuhaufbau der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Art nach dem Zwickkleben;

Fig. 4

einen Schuhaufbau der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Art nach dem Aufbringen von Laufsohlenkleber;

Fig. 5

einen Schuhaufbau der in Fig. 4 gezeigten Art nach dem Aufkleben einer Laufsohle;

Fig. 6

den in Fig. 5 gezeigten Schuhaufbau mit Darstellungen zur Erläuterung der Wasserdichtigkeit;

Fig. 7

den Schuhaufbau einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung;

Fig. 8

einen Schuhaufbau einer dritten Ausführungsform der Erfindung nach dem Aufbringen von Zwickkleber;

Fig. 9

den in Fig. 3 gezeigten Schuhaufbau nach dem Zwickkleben;

Fig. 10

den in Fig. 9 gezeigten Schuhaufbau nach dem Aufbringen von Laufsohlenkleber;

Fig. 11

den in Fig. 10 gezeigten Schuhaufbau nach dem Aufkleben einer Laufsohle; und

Fig. 12

eine schematisierte, stark vergrößerte zweidimensionale Darstellung von durch dreidimensionale Vernetzung von Molekülketten ausreagiertem Reaktiv-Schmelzklebstoff.

The invention as well as further object and advantage aspects are now explained in more detail by means of embodiments. The drawings show in a schematic representation:

Fig. 1

a shoe structure of a first embodiment of the invention after the application of lasting adhesive;

Fig. 2

an enlargement of a section of a shoe construction;

Fig. 3

a shoe structure of the type shown in Figure 1 after the sticking.

Fig. 4

a shoe structure of the type shown in Figure 3 after the application of outsole adhesive.

Fig. 5

a shoe structure of the type shown in Figure 4 after sticking an outsole.

Fig. 6

the shoe structure shown in Figure 5 with illustrations to explain the water resistance.

Fig. 7

the shoe structure of a second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 8

a shoe structure of a third embodiment of the invention after the application of lasting adhesive;

Fig. 9

the shoe structure shown in Figure 3 after the sticking.

Fig. 10

the shoe construction shown in FIG. 9 after the application of outsole adhesive;

Fig. 11

the shoe structure shown in Figure 10 after sticking an outsole; and

Fig. 12

a schematic, greatly enlarged two-dimensional representation of reactive hot melt adhesive reacted by three-dimensional cross-linking of molecular chains.

A first embodiment of a shoe according to the invention is explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. These show such a shoe in very schematic in different manufacturing phases.

The shoe according to this first embodiment has a waterproof Insole 11, which is arranged on a last 13. The Insole 11 is located within a shaft 15 which has a water-permeable upper material 17, such as leather or textile material. The inside of the upper 17 is lined with a functional layer laminate 19, the one Has shaft functional layer 21 and in closer connection will be explained with Fig. 2. At this stage of the manufacturing process, the Upper 15 already pulled over last 13 and insole 11, the end region which later forms the lasting fold of the upper still hangs over the insole underside 23. Between the peripheral edge area of the insole underside 23 and the end region of the shaft 15 on the sole side forms an angle in a serving as a lasting adhesive 25 reactive hot melt adhesive is introduced. However, this is not a requirement for that Operation of the adhesive bond according to the invention. It is only important that the hot melt adhesive is applied so that it after Pinching process between the insole underside 23 and the twisted part of the functional layer laminate 19 in the form of a Insole circumferential direction of continuous adhesive strip is present. This adhesive strip can cover the entire width of the extend twisted part of the functional layer laminate 19 or only over part of the width of this gusseted part of the Functional layer laminates. It is preferable to bring the lasting glue in such a way that after the lasting process in the to the Insole circumference edge adjoining area of the lasting fold comes to rest. This area is usually free of pinches, which only at a certain distance of, for example, 5 to 10 mm from Insole peripheral edge occur, especially in places where the Shoe contour has a strong curvature.

If you use a lasting glue that has not yet responded viscous condition is sufficiently creepable, so sufficient between to be able to penetrate the pleats that the pleats of Zwick adhesive can be sealed, you can also on it restrict the lasting glue only in the width range of the To provide a lasting fold in which lasting folds can form.

The lasting adhesive 25 is preferably applied in paste form, for example, with the help of a bead of adhesive ejecting Adhesive nozzle (not shown). The triangular shape of the lasting adhesive 25 is only to be understood schematically in FIG. 1. The adhesive bead can have any other cross section.

Fig. 2 shows a (rotated by 90 °) section of the shaft structure after preparation for the sticking. On the outside of the Shaft, which is in Fig. 2 below, you can see a section of the leather serving as the upper 17. On the inside, in 2 above it is the functional layer laminate 19. This comprises the shaft functional layer 21 made of ePTFE Functional layer material. On the one facing the upper 17 A textile is located on the outside of the shaft functional layer 21 Page 27 in the form of knitted material or knitting material used for mechanical protection of the shaft function layer 21 is used. On the from The upper functional layer 17 is the shaft functional layer 21 provided with a PU layer 29. The shaft functional layer 21 with a PU layer 29 can according to the teaching of US-A-5,026,591 (Henn) are produced, but is not limited to this. On their There is an additional layer 31 on the inside. around a non-woven textile layer 31, a plastic foam layer, a layer of fleece or a layer of leather. On the inside of the Additional layer 31 is a textile finishing layer 33 Functional layer laminate 19 of the type shown in FIG. 2 is in itself known.

In the case of the usual functional layer laminate, the additional layer 31 is of this type thick that they are not or not sufficiently penetrated by adhesive can be. To get the lasting glue 25 up to To enable shaft function layer 21, it is known per se that Additional layer 31 if it consists of a non-woven textile layer or consists of a foam layer, and the textile finishing layer 33 in to remove that area by a sharpening process, in which is a gluing of the serving as lasting adhesive 25 Reactive hot melt adhesive with the shaft functional layer 21 or its PU layer 29, if present, should take place. In the case of one Additional layer 31 in the form of leather can be Shaft functional layer 21 in the area to be glued Leave the leather layer free.

The sharpening process can be carried out using a shoe manufacturing process known sharpening machine, for example by means of the sharpening machine Fortuna S4 from Fortuna, Germany.

Turning back to Fig. 1, you can see that the Shaft functional layer 21 and the side 27 to over the lasting adhesive 25 extend downward while the non-woven textile layer 31 and the textile finishing layer 33, for example on the underside 23 of the insole ceases as a result of the sharpening shown in FIG. 2. In the over the insole underside 23 is thus the area Shaft functional layer 21 with its PU layer 29 free and can thereby in direct adhesive contact with the lasting adhesive 25 come.

In Fig. 3, a manufacturing phase is shown in which the Last impact 35 of the shaft 15 around the last 13 and the Insole 11 is twisted around. With that done The sticking step is the caterpillar-shaped sticking glue 25 to a flat one Lasting adhesive layer 37 has been formed. The one in the manufacturing phase 1 caterpillar made of lasting adhesive 25 is dimensioned in this way been that the lasting adhesive layer 37 towards the insole center extends beyond the inner lasting margin 39. As in Fig. 3 can be seen clearly, are those facing the center of the insole Cut edge 36 and its 23 facing the insole bottom sharpened end region 41 surrounded by lasting adhesive material.

The shoe structure shown in Fig. 3 is only missing for completion after an outsole that runs from the bottom to the insole and the Last wrap can be glued.

By using the waterproof lasting adhesive, water, that along the upper of the shaft to the outsole side End of the lasting fold 35 penetrates, not to the inside of the bottom the insole 11 of the region of the upper functional layer 21 that has been struck get, and can not get into the shoe interior.

A modification of the first embodiment of the invention will now with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6, the manufacture of which Manufacturing steps according to FIGS. 1 to 3 begins.

Following the manufacturing steps according to FIGS. 1 to 3 serving on the gusset bottom 43 as outsole adhesive 45 Reactive hot melt adhesive applied. This application can either happen in such a way that not only the gusset bottom 43 but also the area of the Insole bottom 23 is covered with outsole adhesive 45 as is is shown in Fig. 5 or such that a central region of the Insole underside 23 remains free of outsole adhesive, as shown in Fig. 4 is shown. The variant shown in Fig. 5 is recommended if an outsole is glued on that is not itself waterproof. The 4 can be selected if a waterproof Outsole is glued on, which is itself waterproof. Because then can due to the waterproof adhesive coating 47 on the one hand and the waterproof glueing of the outsole with the adhesive coating 47 on the other hand, water doesn't reach this middle range Insert insole underside 23. This stage of manufacture is in Fig. 4 shown. This figure also clearly shows that the Lasting adhesive layer 37 forming reactive hot-melt adhesive and the Outsole adhesives 45 reactive hot melt adhesives for the Last wrap 35 forms an adhesive coating 47, which for the Last wrap 35 acts like a waterproof cover.

As shown in FIG. 5, the inside of the lasting fold 35 of Adhesive-free cavity filled by a filler 49, to be essentially flat for the shoe construction produced so far To form the underside for sticking an outsole 51. As filler 49 for example, nonwovens such as PES nonwovens, knitted fabrics or Use sole material. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 of a shoe according to the invention there is the glued-on outsole 51 made of rubber or plastic and is facing the filler 49 Area provided with air chambers 53. These lead to one Saving outsole material, make the outsole 51 and thus the entire shoe lighter and can also become a softer Place the shoe on the floor.

6, the sealing effect of the Adhesive coating 47 explained. With small circles Water particles indicated and with arrows are the direction of penetration and the direction of creep of water within the water permeable and Upper material 17 permitting water creep is indicated. From the outside in the upper material can penetrate in the longitudinal direction of the Upper 17 down the shaft 15 and the lasting fold Advance along to the lasting edge 39. Such water is prevented by the waterproof lasting adhesive 25 from over textile material on the inside of the shaft functional layer 21 in the Hiking shoe interior.

In the event that the shoe has a water-permeable insole 57 and / or an air chamber open towards the insole 11 or 57 53 provided outsole 51, an adhesive coating 47 of the lasting fold 35 created. Without one Adhesive coating 47 could penetrate through the upper material 17 Water penetrate to the air chambers 43, which is also not the case would be prevented by the filler 49, since this normally runs out water-permeable and water-conducting material. In the Air chambers 53 penetrated water would collect there and to sloshing noises, increased shoe weight and cooling the insole, consequently to an uncomfortable feeling of wear Shoe.

As a result of the sealing adhesive coating 47, however, the water can only penetrate to the lasting edge 39, but not from there get further into the shoe interior and / or the air chambers 53.

The second embodiment shown in Fig. 7 of an inventive Schuhs has a shoe structure. which largely corresponds to that of FIG. 5 shown shoe construction is the same. To that extent, the one shown in FIG Shoe structure not explained again. Differences from that in The shoe construction shown in FIG. 5 has the shoe construction shown in FIG. 7 insofar as it is permeable to water and water vapor Insole 57, for example made of a non-woven textile material, e.g. a fleece, and with a waterproof, water vapor permeable outsole 59 is provided. Because of this Sole construction is the shoe shown in FIG. 7 also in the sole area waterproof and breathable. This leads to a shoe with special good comfort.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the outsole 59 an outsole edge portion 61 made of rubber or plastic, the Middle area with an outsole insert 63 from a water and water vapor permeable material, such as leather, is filled. On the side facing the insole 57 is on the Outsole insert 63 is a waterproof, water vapor permeable Sole functional layer 65 preferably also made of ePTFE. As in Fig. 7 is indicated schematically, extends Sole functional layer 65 on its outer edge as far in the direction Outsole circumference that there is an overlap between the Adhesive coating 47 and the sole functional layer 65 comes. Therefore, water cannot reach the filler and thus the insole 57 penetrate the lasting fold 35 over the outsole insert 63. The interior of the shoe is therefore completely resistant to the ingress of Protected water while maintaining breathability in the entire shoe area.

When using an outsole made entirely of water permeable Material exists, the sole functional layer 65 can reach the Extend peripheral edge of outsole.

The sole functional layer 65 can be made of the same materials as that Shaft functional layer 21, for example with ePTFE, PU, polypropylene or polyester.

A third embodiment of a shoe according to the invention is in the 8 to 11 shown in different manufacturing phases. At this One embodiment uses an upper material laminate 67 which both an upper, for example made of leather or textile, as well contains a shaft functional layer. The inside of the Upper material laminate 67 is lined with a lining 69. The none Has functional layer. Because the lining 69 does not get sealed 8, it is essentially up to Insole underside 23 cut back so that the caterpillar Lasting glue 25 in the angle between the insole underside 23 and the inside of the upper material laminate 67 comes to rest.

Otherwise, the shoe construction shown in FIG. 8 matches that in FIG. 1 shown shoe structure and is not explained here again.

According to the manufacturing phase shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 9 shows the 3 after the process step of sticking. 10 is then on the gusset bottom 43 and the Insole underside 23 Reactive hot melt adhesive as outsole adhesive 25 applied, preferably sprayed again. The one as a lasting glue applied reactive hot melt adhesive and 45 as outsole adhesive Reactive hot melt adhesive applied to one again waterproof adhesive wrap that seals the gusset wrap 35 47 connected. 11 is then within the Lasting margin 39 remaining cavity a filler 49 introduced and on the gusset bottom 43 and the bottom the filler 49 an outsole 51 made of rubber or other type Glued on plastic. The filler 49 can also Outsole material be formed.

In the shoe construction shown in FIG. 11, there is the insole 11 again made of waterproof material. Similar to that shown in FIG. 7 second embodiment could also be used in this third Embodiment again a water-permeable insole with a waterproof, breathable outsole can be combined.

Fig. 12 shows a schematic, greatly enlarged two-dimensional Representation of a section of a sole structure with lasting adhesive 37 in Form of three-dimensional cross-linking of molecular chains fully reacted hot melt adhesive. The three-dimensionality of the Networking arises from the fact that the molecular chains of the Reactive hot melt adhesive also in the third one, which is not visible in FIG. 12 Dimension (perpendicular to the surface of the drawing) in the for two Network dimensions shown way. This leads to one particularly strong protection against the ingress of water into the Adhesive.

Claims (32)

Footwear comprising: a) an insole (11; 57) with an insole underside (23); b) a shaft (15) which is constructed with an upper material (17) and has an end region on the sole side; c) a waterproof upper functional layer (21) which at least partially lines the upper material (17) of the upper (15) on the inside thereof and has an end region on the sole side; d) wherein the shaft (15) has a lasting fold (35) which is glued to the underside (23) of the insole (23) by means of a lasting adhesive (25) and has a underside (43) pointing away from the underside (23); and e) an outsole (51, 59) which is glued to the bottom of the lasting fold (43) by means of an outsole adhesive (45); f) a reactive hot-melt adhesive is applied as the lasting adhesive (25, 37), which leads to watertightness in the fully reacted state. Footwear according to claim 1, wherein the lasting adhesive (25,37) at least in a crease-free zone of the crotch is present, which is in the area of an outer peripheral edge of the Insole (11.57) is located. Footwear according to claim 1 or 2, in which as Outsole adhesive (45) also a waterproof Reactive hot melt adhesive is applied such that the Lasting adhesive (25,37) and the outsole adhesive (45) for formation one the end region of both the upper material (17) on the sole side as well as the shaft functional layer (21) watertight Interact with the adhesive coating (47). Footwear according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which the Lasting glue (25) and the outsole glue (45) different reactive hot melt adhesives exist that way are matched to each other in that they are too watertight are chemically connectable to one another in a leading manner. Footwear according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which the Zwick adhesive (25) and the outsole adhesive (45) such are matched to each other in that they are too watertight are mechanically connectable to each other in a leading manner. Footwear according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which the Zwick adhesive (25) and the outsole adhesive (45) from the same Reactive hot melt adhesive exist. Footwear according to one of claims 4 to 6, with Reactive hot-melt adhesive that uses moisture can be brought to the curing reaction. Footwear according to claim 7, with blocked Reactive hot melt adhesive that can be activated thermally and by means of Moisture can be brought to the curing reaction. Footwear according to one of claims 1 to 8, with a Reactive hot melt adhesive selected from the Adhesive group polyurethane reactive hot melt adhesives and resins. Footwear according to claim 9, with PU reactive hot melt adhesive is built up with blocked isocyanate. Footwear according to one of claims 1 to 10, with Reactive hot melt adhesive to which a thermoplastic has been added. Footwear according to one of claims 1 to 11, in which the Shaft functional layer (21) is water vapor permeable. Footwear according to one of claims 1 to 12, with a Shaft functional layer (21) with expanded, porous Polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) is built up. Footwear according to claim 13, wherein the Reactive hot melt adhesive in a waterproof manner with the ePTFE connected is. Footwear according to claim 10, wherein the ePTFE is one PU layer (29) is provided and the reactive hot melt adhesive in is connected in a watertight manner to the PU layer (29). Footwear according to one of claims 1 to 15, in which the Shaft functional layer (21) over that of the upper material (17) groundbreaking side with one for reactive hot melt adhesive not or insufficiently permeable additional layer (31, 33) is provided, the lasting spots free of this Additional layer (31.33) are. Footwear according to one of claims 1 to 16, with a waterproof insole (11). Footwear according to one of claims 1 to 16, with a water-permeable insole (57) and with an outsole (59) which has an upper side facing the insole, an outsole edge region (61) and a central region (63) located within the outsole edge region (61) having,
wherein the outsole (59) consists of water-permeable material at least in its central region (63) and is provided on its upper side with a waterproof sole functional layer (65) which covers at least the water-permeable region of the outsole (59) and has a peripheral edge region which Reactive hot melt adhesive (37, 47) is covered in an overlapping waterproof manner. Footwear according to claim 18, wherein the Sole functional layer (65) is permeable to water vapor. Footwear according to claim 19, wherein the Sole functional layer (65) is constructed with ePTFE. Footwear according to one of claims 12 and 14 to 19, in which of the shaft functional layer (21) and the Sole functional layer (65) made of at least one material the material group polyurethane, polypropylene and polyester is constructed. Footwear according to one of claims 1 to 21, in which of the upper functional layer (21) and the sole functional layer (65) is at least part of an at least two-layer laminate. Footwear according to any one of claims 1 to 22, in which within the lasting fold (35) between the insole (11; 57) and the outsole (51; 59) has a space which is in contact with a Filler (49) is filled. A method of making footwear comprising: a) an insole (11, 57) with an insole underside (23); b) a shaft (15) which is constructed with an upper material (17) and has an end region on the sole side; c) a waterproof upper functional layer (21) which at least partially lines the upper material (17) of the upper (15) on the inside thereof and has an end region on the sole side; d) wherein the shaft (15) has a lasting fold (35) with a lasting fold underside (43); and e) an outsole (51, 59); with the following process steps: f) first the lasting fold (35) is glued to the underside (23) of the insole by means of lasting adhesive (25); g) then the outsole (51, 59) is glued to the bottom of the lasting fold (43) by means of an outsole adhesive (45); h) a waterproof reactive hot-melt adhesive is used as lasting adhesive (25). The method of claim 24, wherein a) a reactive hot melt adhesive is also applied as an outsole adhesive (45); and b) the lasting adhesive (25) and the outsole adhesive (45) are applied in such a way that they work together to form an adhesive coating (47) which surrounds the sole-side end region of both the upper material (15) and the upper functional layer (21) in a watertight manner. The method of claim 25, wherein for the lasting adhesive (25) and the same for the outsole adhesive (45) Reactive hot melt adhesive is used. Method according to one of claims 24 to 26, in which before the pinching of the lasting fold (35) between the Insole bottom (23) and the shaft (15) there is an angle and the lasting adhesive (25) is introduced in the region of the angle becomes. A method according to any one of claims 21 to 23, in which the Outsole adhesive (45) on the bottom of the lasting fold (43) is applied. A method according to any one of claims 21 to 24, in which a thermally activated and moisture curable Reactive hot melt adhesive is used, which is thermally activated, applied to the area to be lifted and hardened Exposed to moisture. A method according to any one of claims 24 to 29, in which the Reactive hot melt adhesive before using it as a lasting adhesive (25) or outsole adhesive (45) a thermoplastic is added. A method according to any one of claims 24 to 30, in which the Shaft functional layer (21) on the upper material (17) groundbreaking side with one for reactive hot melt adhesive not or insufficiently permeable additional layer (31, 33) is provided, the lasting spots from the additional layer (31.33) are released or released. A method according to any one of claims 24 to 31, in which within the lasting fold (35) between the insole (11, 57) and the outsole (51, 59) creates a space which is connected to a Filler (49) is filled.

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