EP1243689A1 - Process for the antimicrobial finishing of fibres or nonwovens - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for finishing fibres or nonwovens in an antimicrobial manner. The inventive method is characterised in that said fibres or nonwovens are treated with aqueous emulsions containing (a) microcapsules having an average diameter of between 1 and 1000 ñm and consisting of gel-forming agents and antimicrobial active ingredients, and (b) oleaginous bodies.

Description

Field of the Invention

The invention is in the field of textile technology and relates to a method for Finishing of fibers and fabrics using special emulsions ("preparations"), Fibers, fabrics and end products made from them, treated with these preparations and the use of the preparations for finishing the fibers and fabrics.

State of the art

In the manufacture of hygiene articles, such as diapers or sanitary napkins, they become absorbent Materials used to absorb aqueous liquids. To the direct Prevent contact with the absorbent material while wearing and comfort to increase, this material is covered with a thin, water-permeable nonwoven. Such nonwovens are usually made of synthetic fibers such as polyolefin or Polyester fibers are manufactured because these fibers are inexpensive to produce, good mechanical Have properties and in the case of polyolefins are to be thermally solidified.

The disadvantage is that the nonwovens used in hygiene articles in direct skin contact stand and are therefore exposed to considerable bacterial contamination. It can therefore in unfavorable cases, e.g. B. in high humidity, to a significant bacterial growth come on the fleece surface. This can be the case with minor injuries, for example the skin surface lead to inflammation of the skin, which must be avoided.

A large number of documents are known from the prior art which deal with the equipment of hygiene articles. From the extensive literature, for example, WO 96/16682 (Procter & Gamble) and in particular US 3,585,998 (Hayford) are cited, which deal with diapers with a content of microcapsules which release the baby oil contained therein prior to application under mechanical pressure , Apart from the fact that the active ingredient is released in this way in an uncontrolled manner, this application does not solve the problem of bacterial growth on the nonwoven surface.

The object of the present invention was therefore a method for antimicrobial Finishing of fibers, nonwovens and end products made from them to provide, which reliably avoids the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, it should be ensured that the active ingredient does not suddenly, but is released in portions and with a time delay, so that the equipment over the whole Duration of the wearing process is guaranteed. At the same time with the antimicrobial equipment also be associated with a care effect.

Description of the invention

(a) Mikrokapseln mit einem mittleren Durchmesser von 1 bis 1000 µm, bestehend aus Gelbildnern und antimikrobiellen Wirkstoffen und

(b) Ölkörper.

The invention relates to a process for the antimicrobial finishing of fibers or nonwovens, especially those which consist entirely or predominantly of polyolefins or polyesters, which is characterized in that they are treated with aqueous emulsions

(a) microcapsules with an average diameter of 1 to 1000 microns, consisting of gelling agents and antimicrobial agents and

(b) Oil body.

(a) 1 bis 75, vorzugsweise 25 bis 70 und insbesondere 30 bis 50 Gew.-% Mikrokapseln und

(b) 24 bis 70, vorzugsweise 30 bis 60 und insbesondere 40 bis 50 Gew.-% Ölkörper

mit der Maßgabe, dass sich die Mengenangaben mit Wasser und gegebenenfalls weiteren Hilfs- und Zusatzstoffen zu 100 Gew.-% addieren.Surprisingly, it was found that the emulsions mentioned achieve the object on which the invention is based in an excellent manner. The active ingredients can be very finely distributed in the gel matrix, which leads to very small capsules, which in turn can be stably dispersed in the oil phase. In this way, the fibers and nonwovens can be treated very simply and evenly with the microcapsules containing the active ingredients. As a result, due to the careful distribution and the large number of capsules over the entire wearing period, the equipment against bacterial growth is ensured. In the sense of the method according to the invention, in particular an effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia is achieved. The latter are responsible for pneumonia or inflammation of the urinary tract and often occur in older people who are incontinent and therefore have to use appropriate products for hygiene. The quality of the end products can be further improved through the use of antimicrobial agents that also have nourishing or other advantageous properties. If the active ingredients are water-soluble substances, the majority of W / O emulsions are obtained, but if the active ingredients are fat-soluble, multiple emulsions are formed, especially those of the O / W / O type. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the emulsions contain

(a) 1 to 75, preferably 25 to 70 and in particular 30 to 50% by weight of microcapsules and

(b) 24 to 70, preferably 30 to 60 and in particular 40 to 50% by weight oil body

with the proviso that the quantities with water and possibly other auxiliaries and additives add up to 100% by weight.

microcapsules

For the purposes of the invention, the microcapsules are preferably used as gel formers such substances are considered, which show the property in aqueous solution Temperatures above 40 ° C form gels. Typical examples of this are heteropolysaccharides and proteins. Preferred thermogelating heteropolysaccharides are Agaroses in question, which also in the form of the agar agar to be obtained from red algae can be present together with up to 30% by weight of non-gel-forming agaropectins. The main constituent of the agaroses are linear polysaccharides from D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose, which are linked alternately β-1,3- and β-1,4-glycosidically. The heteropolysaccharides preferably have a molecular weight in the range from 110,000 to 160,000 and are both colorless and tasteless. Pectins come as alternatives, Xanthans (also xanthan gum) and their mixtures in question. They are still such Preferred types that still form gels in 1% by weight aqueous solution are not below melt from 80 ° C and solidify again above 40 ° C. From the The various gelatin types are an example of the group of thermogelating proteins called.

Typical examples of antimicrobial agents, such as those in the field of hygiene products are used are surfactants, emulsifiers, biogenic agents, deodorants and germ-inhibiting Agents and perfume oils. The level of antimicrobial is apparent to those skilled in the art Efficacy is different in the groups of substances mentioned. However, the additional caring effects may reduce effectiveness Characteristics balanced.

surfactants

Anionic, nonionic, cationic and / or amphoteric or amphoteric surfactants may be present as surface-active substances, the proportion of which in the compositions is usually about 1 to 70, preferably 5 to 50 and in particular 10 to 30% by weight. Typical examples of anionic surfactants are soaps, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkane sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, alkyl ether sulfonates, glycerol ether sulfonates, α-methyl ester sulfonates, sulfo fatty acids, alkyl sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, glycerol ether sulfates, fatty acid ether sulfates, mono-ether ether sulfate, (hydroxymethoglysulfate), monohydric ether sulfate dialkyl sulfosuccinates, mono- and dialkyl sulfosuccinamates, sulfotriglycerides, amide soaps, ether carboxylic acids and salts thereof, fatty acid taurides, N-acylamino acids such as acyl lactylates, acyl tartrates, acyl glutamates and acyl aspartates, alkyl oligoglucoside sulfates, protein fatty acid condensates (in particular vegetable products based on wheat) and alkyl (ether) phosphates , If the anionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains, they can have a conventional, but preferably a narrow, homolog distribution. Typical examples of nonionic surfactants are fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, fatty acid polyglycol esters, fatty acid amide polyglycol ethers, fatty amine polyglycol ethers, alkoxylated triglycerides, mixed ethers or mixed formals, optionally partially oxidized alk (en) yl oligoglycosides or especially glucoramide-acid-based vegetable derivatives, , Polyol fatty acid esters, sugar esters, sorbitan esters, polysorbates and amine oxides. If the nonionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains, these can have a conventional, but preferably a narrow, homolog distribution. Typical examples of cationic surfactants are quaternary ammonium compounds, such as, for example, dimethyldistearylammonium chloride, and esterquats, in particular quaternized fatty acid trialkanolamine ester salts. Typical examples of amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants are alkyl betaines, alkyl amido betaines, aminopropionates, aminoglycinates, imidazolinium betaines and sulfobetaines. The surfactants mentioned are exclusively known compounds. With regard to the structure and manufacture of these substances, reference is made to relevant reviews, for example, J.Falbe (ed.), "Surfactants in Consumer Products", Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1987, pp. 54-124 or J.Falbe (ed.), "Catalysts, Tenside und Mineralöladditive ", Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1978, pp. 123-217 . Typical examples of particularly suitable mild, ie particularly skin-compatible, surfactants are fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates, mono- and / or dialkyl sulfosuccinates, fatty acid taurides, fatty acid glutamates, α-olefin sulfonates, ethercarboxylic acids, alkyl oligoglucosides, fatty acid glucamides, alkylamidobetaines, amphoacetals and / or protein fatty acid condensates, preferably based on wheat proteins. Because of their mild biocidal action, cationic surfactants, especially those with an ester quat structure, are also frequently used.

Emulgatoen

Suitable emulsifiers are, for example, nonionic surfactants from at least one of the following groups: addition products of 2 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide and / or 0 to 5 mol of propylene oxide with linear fatty alcohols with 8 to 22 C atoms, with fatty acids with 12 to 22 C atoms , on alkylphenols with 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and alkylamines with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical; Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl radical and their ethoxylated analogs; Addition products of 1 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hardened castor oil; Addition products of 15 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hardened castor oil; Partial esters of glycerol and / or sorbitan with unsaturated, linear or saturated, branched fatty acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms and / or hydroxycarboxylic acids with 3 to 18 carbon atoms and their adducts with 1 to 30 mol ethylene oxide; Partial esters of polyglycerol (average degree of self-condensation 2 to 8), polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 400 to 5000), trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sugar alcohols (e.g. sorbitol), alkyl glucosides (e.g. methyl glucoside, butyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside) and polyglucosaturated (e.g. cellulose) or unsaturated (e.g. cellulose) , linear or branched fatty acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms and / or hydroxycarboxylic acids with 3 to 18 carbon atoms and their adducts with 1 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide; Mixed esters of pentaerythritol, fatty acids, citric acid and fatty alcohol according to DE 1165574 PS and / or mixed esters of fatty acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, methyl glucose and polyols, preferably glycerol or polyglycerol; Mono-, di- and trialkyl phosphates as well as mono-, di- and / or tri-PEG-alkyl phosphates and their salts; Lanolin alcohol; Polysiloxane-polyalkyl-polyether copolymers or corresponding derivatives; Block copolymers, for example polyethylene glycol 30 dipolyhydroxystearate; Polymer emulsifiers, for example Pemulen types (TR-1, TR-2) from Goodrich; Polyalkylene glycols and glycerine carbonate.

The adducts of ethylene oxide and / or of propylene oxide with fatty alcohols, fatty acids, alkylphenols or with castor oil are known, commercially available products. These are mixtures of homologs whose average degree of alkoxylation is the ratio of the amounts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and substrate, with which the addition reaction is carried out. C _12/18 fatty acid _monoesters and diesters of adducts of ethylene oxide with glycerol are known from DE 2024051 PS as refatting agents for cosmetic preparations.

Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides, their preparation and their use are out known in the art. They are manufactured in particular through implementation of glucose or oligosaccharides with primary alcohols with 8 to 18 carbon atoms. Regarding the Glycosidrestes applies that both monoglycosides in which a cyclic sugar residue is glycosidically bound to the fatty alcohol, as well as oligomeric Glycosides with a degree of oligomerization of up to preferably about 8 are suitable. The Degree of oligomerization is a statistical mean, one for such technical Products based on the usual homolog distribution.

Typical examples of suitable partial glycerides are hydroxystearic acid monoglyceride, Hydroxystearic acid diglyceride, isostearic acid monoglyceride, isostearic acid diglyceride, Oleic acid monoglyceride, oleic acid diglyceride, ricinoleic acid moglyceride, ricinoleic acid diglyceride, Linoleic acid monoglyceride, linoleic acid diglyceride, linolenic acid monoglyceride, linolenic acid diglyceride, Erucic acid monoglyceride, erucic acid diglyceride, tartaric acid monoglyceride, Tartaric acid diglyceride, citric acid monoglyceride, citric diglyceride, malic acid monoglyceride, Malic acid diglyceride and their technical mixtures, the subordinate may still contain small amounts of triglyceride from the manufacturing process. Likewise Addition products of 1 to 30, preferably 5 to 10, mol ethylene oxide are suitable to the partial glycerides mentioned.

Sorbitan monoisostearate, sorbitan sesquiisostearate, sorbitan diisostearate, Sorbitan triisostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan dioleate, Sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan monoerucate, sorbitan sesquierucate, sorbitan dierucate, Sorbitan trierucate, sorbitan monoricinoleate, sorbitan sesquicinoleate, sorbitan diricinoleate, Sorbitan triricinoleate, sorbitan monohydroxystearate, sorbitan sesquihydroxystearate, sorbitan dihydroxystearate, Sorbitan trihydroxystearate, sorbitan monotartrate, sorbitan sesquitartrate, Sorbitan ditartrate, sorbitan tritartrate, sorbitan monocitrate, sorbitan sesquicitrate, Sorbitan citrate, sorbitan tricitrate, sorbitan monomaleate, sorbitan sesquimaleate, sorbitan maleate, Sorbitan trimaleate and their technical mixtures. Are also suitable Addition products of 1 to 30, preferably 5 to 10, moles of ethylene oxide to the above Sorbitan.

Typical examples of suitable polyglycerol esters are polyglyceryl-2 dipolyhydroxystearates (Dehymuls® PGPH), polyglycerol-3-diisostearate (Lameform® TGI), polyglyceryl-4 Isostearate (Isolan® GI 34), Polyglyceryl-3 Oleate, Diisostearoyl Polyglyceryl-3 Diisostearate (Isolan® PDI), polyglyceryl-3 methylglucose distearate (Tego Care® 450), Polyglyceryl-3 Beeswax (Cera Bellina®), Polyglyceryl-4 Caprate (Polyglycerol Caprate T2010 / 90), Polyglyceryl-3 Cetyl Ether (Chimexane® NL), Polyglyceryl-3 Distearate (Cremophor® GS 32) and Polyglyceryl Polyricinoleate (Admul® WOL 1403) Polyglyceryl Dimerate isostearates and their mixtures. Examples of other suitable polyol esters are the mono-, di- and optionally reacted with 1 to 30 mol ethylene oxide Triester of trimethylolpropane or pentaerythritol with lauric acid, coconut fatty acid, Tallow fatty acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, behenic acid and the like.

Typical anionic emulsifiers are aliphatic fatty acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms, such as palmitic acid, stearic acid or behenic acid, and dicarboxylic acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms, such as azelaic acid or Sebacic acid.

Zwitterionic surfactants can also be used as emulsifiers. Zwitterionic surfactants are those surface-active compounds which carry at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one carboxylate and one sulfonate group in the molecule. Particularly suitable zwitterionic surfactants are the so-called betaines such as the N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinate, for example coconut alkyldimethylammonium glycinate, N-acylaminopropyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinate, for example coconut acylaminopropyldimethylammonium glycinate, and 2-alkyl-3-carboxylm -hydroxyethylimidazolines each having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group and the cocoacylaminoethylhydroxyethylcarboxymethylglycinate. The fatty acid amide derivative known under the CTFA name of Cocamidopropyl Betaine is particularly preferred. Suitable emulsifiers are ampholytic surfactants. Ampholytic surfactants are surface-active compounds which, in addition to a C _8/18 alkyl or acyl group, contain at least one free amino group and at least one -COOH or -SO ₃ H group in the molecule and are capable of forming internal salts. Examples of suitable ampholytic surfactants are N-alkylglycines, N-alkylpropionic acids, N-alkylaminobutyric acids, N-alkyliminodipropionic acids, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycines, N-alkyltaurines, N-alkylsarcosines, 2-alkylaminopropionic acids and alkylaminoacetic acids each with about 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. Particularly preferred ampholytic surfactants are N-coconut alkyl aminopropionate, coconut acyl aminoethyl aminopropionate and C _12/18 acyl sarcosine. Finally, cationic surfactants are also suitable as emulsifiers, those of the esterquat type, preferably methylquaternized difatty acid triethanolamine ester salts, being particularly preferred.

Biogenic agents

Examples of biogenic active ingredients are tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol palmitate, Ascorbic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, retinol, retinyl palmitate, bisabolol, Allantoin, phytantriol, panthenol, chitosan, menthol, tea tree oil, AHA acids, kojic acid, Amino acids, ceramides, pseudoceramides, essential oils, plant extracts and vitamin complexes to understand.

Deodorants and germ inhibitors

Cosmetic deodorants (deodorants) counteract body odors, mask them or eliminate them. Body odors arise from the action of skin bacteria on apocrine sweat, forming unpleasant smelling breakdown products become. Accordingly, deodorants contain active ingredients that are considered germ-inhibiting Agents, enzyme inhibitors, odor absorbers or odor maskers act.

All germs are effective as anti-germ agents against gram-positive bacteria Suitable fabrics such. B. 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and its salts and esters, N- (4-chlorophenyl) -N '- (3,4 dichlorophenyl) urea, 2,4,4'-trichloro-2' hydroxydiphenyl ether (Triclosan), 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, 2,2'-methylene-bis (6-bromo-4-chlorophenol), 3-methyl-4- (1-methylethyl) phenol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol, 3- (4-chlorophenoxy) -1,2-propanediol, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate, chlorhexidine, 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (TTC), antibacterial fragrances, thymol, thyme oil, eugenol, clove oil, menthol, mint oil, Farnesol, phenoxyethanol, glycerol monolaurate (GML), diglycerol monocaprinate (DMC), salicylic acid N-alkylamides such as e.g. B. salicylic acid n-octylamide or salicylic acid ndecylamide.

Esterase inhibitors, for example, are suitable as enzyme inhibitors. This is about it is preferably trialkyl citrates such as trimethyl citrate, tripropyl citrate, triisopropyl citrate, Tributyl citrate and especially triethyl citrate (Hydagen® CAT, Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf / FRG). The substances inhibit enzyme activity and thereby reduce odor. Other substances that can be considered as esterase inhibitors are sterolsulfates or phosphates, such as lanosterol, cholesterol, campesterol, Stigmasterol and sitosterol sulfate or phosphate, dicarboxylic acids and their esters, such as for example glutaric acid, glutaric acid monoethyl ester, glutaric acid diethyl ester, adipic acid, Monoethyl adipate, diethyl adipate, malonic acid and diethyl malonate, Hydroxycarboxylic acids and their esters such as citric acid, Malic acid, tartaric acid or tartaric acid diethyl ester, as well as zinc glycinate.

Substances which absorb odor-forming compounds are suitable as odor absorbers and can hold on to a large extent. They reduce the partial pressure of the individual components and thus reduce their speed of propagation. It is important that Perfumes must remain unaffected. Odor absorbers have no effectiveness against bacteria. For example, they contain a complex zinc salt as the main component the ricinoleic acid or special, largely odorless fragrances that the Are known in the art as "fixators" such. B. extracts of Labdanum or Styrax or certain abietic acid derivatives. Fragrances or act as odor maskers Perfume oils that, in addition to their function as odor maskers, deodorants their give each fragrance note. Mixtures may be mentioned as perfume oils from natural and synthetic fragrances. Natural fragrances are extracts of flowers, stems and leaves, fruits, fruit peels, roots, woods, herbs and grasses, needles and twigs as well as resins and balms. Furthermore come animal Raw materials in question, such as civet and castoreum. Typical synthetic Fragrance compounds are products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, Alcohols and hydrocarbons. Fragrance compounds of the ester type are e.g. Benzyl acetate, p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, phenylethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, Benzyl formate, allyl cyclohexyl propionate, styrallyl propionate and benzyl salicylate. To the ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether, the aldehydes e.g. the linear Alkanals with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, Cyclamenaldehyde, Hydroxycitronellal, Lilial and Bourgeonal, to the ketones e.g. the Jonone and methyl cedryl ketone, to the alcohols anethole, citronellol, eugenol, isoeugenol, Geraniol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol and terpineol, to the hydrocarbons belong mainly to the terpenes and balms. However, mixtures are preferred different fragrances are used, which together produce an appealing fragrance. Also essential oils of lower volatility, mostly as aroma components are used as perfume oils, e.g. Sage oil, chamomile oil, clove oil, lemon balm oil, Mint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, linden blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, oliban oil, Galbanum oil, Labdanum oil and Lavandin oil. Bergamot oil, dihydromyrcenol, Lilial, Lyral, Citronellol, Phenylethyl alcohol, α-Hexylzimtaldehyd, Geraniol, Benzylacetone, cyclamenaldehyde, linalool, boisambrene forte, ambroxan, indole, hedione, Sandelice, lemon oil, mandarin oil, orange oil, allylamyl glycolate, cyclover valley, Lavandin oil, muscatel sage oil, β-damascone, geranium oil bourbon, cyclohexyl salicylate, Vertofix Coeur, Iso-E-Super, Fixolide NP, Evernyl, Iraldein gamma, phenylacetic acid, Geranyl acetate, benzyl acetate, rose oxide, romilat, irotyl and floramat alone or used in mixtures.

perfume oils

Mixtures are mentioned as perfume oils with weakly antimicrobial properties natural and synthetic fragrances. Natural fragrances are extracts from Flowers (lily, lavender, roses, jasmine, neroli, ylang-ylang), stems and leaves (geranium, Patchouli, Petitgrain), fruits (anise, coriander, caraway, juniper), fruit peels (Bergamot, lemon, oranges), roots (mace, angelica, celery, cardamom, Costus, Iris, Calmus), woods (pine, sandal, guaiac, cedar, rosewood), herbs and grasses (tarragon, lemongrass, sage, thyme), needles and twigs (spruce, Fir, pine, mountain pine), resins and balsams (galbanum, elemi, benzoin, myrrh, olibanum, Opoponax). Animal raw materials are also possible, such as Civet and Castoreum. Typical synthetic fragrance compounds are products from Type of esters, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and hydrocarbons. fragrance compounds of the ester type are e.g. Benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate, Linalyl acetate, dimethylbenzylcarbinylacetate, phenylethyl acetate, Linalyl benzoate, benzyl formate, ethyl methylphenyl glycinate, allyl cyclohexyl propionate, styrallyl propionate and benzyl salicylate. The ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether, to aldehydes e.g. the linear alkanals with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, Citral, Citronellal, Citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, Cyclamenaldehyde, Hydroxycitronellal, Lilial and bourgeonal, to the ketones e.g. the Jonone, ∝-isomethylionon and methylcedrylketone, to the alcohols anethole, citronellol, eugenol, isoeugenol, geraniol, Linalool, phenylethyl alcohol and terpineol, the hydrocarbons mainly include the terpenes and balms. However, mixtures of different are preferred Fragrances are used, which together produce an appealing fragrance. Also ethereal Low volatility oils, which are mostly used as aroma components, are suitable as perfume oils, e.g. Sage oil, chamomile oil, clove oil, lemon balm oil, mint oil, Cinnamon leaf oil, linden blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, oliban oil, galbanum oil, labolanum oil and lavandin oil. Bergamot oil, dihydromyrcenol, lilial, Lyral, citronellol, phenylethyl alcohol, α-hexyl cinnamaldehyde, geraniol, benzylacetone, cyclamen aldehyde, Linalool, Boisambrene Forte, Ambroxan, Indol, Hedione, Sandelice, Lemon oil, mandarin oil, orange oil, allylamyl glycolate, cyclover valley, lavandin oil, muscatel Sage oil, β-damascone, geranium oil bourbon, cyclohexyl salicylate, Vertofix Coeur, Iso-E-Super, Fixolide NP, Evernyl, Iraldein gamma, phenylacetic acid, geranyl acetate, Benzyl acetate, rose oxide, romilllat, irotyl and floramat alone or in mixtures, used.

The active substances can be used in such quantities that they are contained in the microcapsules a content of 5 to 60, preferably 10 to 50 and in particular 15 to 25% by weight results.

oil body

Guerbet alcohols based on fatty alcohols with 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms, esters of linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty acids with linear or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols or esters of branched C ₆ -C ₄ come as oil bodies, for example ₁₃ -carboxylic acids with linear or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ -fatty alcohols, such as myristyl myristate, myristyl palmitate, myristyl stearate, Myristylisostearat, myristyl, Myristylbehenat, Myristylerucat, cetyl myristate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl stearate, Cetylisostearat, cetyl oleate, cetyl behenate, Cetylerucat, Stearylmyristat, stearyl palmitate, stearyl stearate , sostearylisostearat I-Stearylisostearat, stearyl oleate, stearyl behenate, Stearylerucat, isostearyl, isostearyl palmitate, Isostearylstearat, Isostearyloleat, isostearyl behenate, Isostearyloleat, oleyl myristate, oleyl palmitate, oleyl stearate, oleyl isostearate, oleyl oleate, Oleylbehenat, oleyl erucate, behenyl myristate, behenyl palmitate, behenyl, Behenylisostearat, behenyl oleate, Behenyl behenate, behenylerucate, erucyl myristate, erucyl palmitate, erucyl stearate, erucyl isostearate, erucyl oleate, erucyl behenate and erucyl erucate. In addition, esters of linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty acids with branched alcohols, in particular 2-ethylhexanol, esters of C ₁₈ -C ₃₈ alkylhydroxycarboxylic acids with linear or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols (cf. DE 19756377 A1), in particular dioctyl malates, esters of linear and / or branched fatty acids with polyhydric alcohols (such as propylene glycol, dimer diol or trimer triol) and / or Guerbet alcohols, triglycerides based on C ₆ -C ₁₀ fatty acids, liquid mono- / di- / triglyceride mixtures based of C ₆ -C ₁₈ fatty acids, esters of C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols and / or Guerbet alcohols with aromatic carboxylic acids, in particular benzoic acid, esters of C ₂ -C ₁₂ dicarboxylic acids with linear or branched alcohols with 1 to 22 carbon atoms or polyols with 2 to 10 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, vegetable oils, branched primary alcohols, substituted cyclohexanes, linear and branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohol carbonates, such as Di caprylyl carbonates (Cetiol® CC), Guerbet carbonates based on fatty alcohols with 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 10 C atoms, esters of benzoic acid with linear and / or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ alcohols (eg Finsolv® TN), linear or branched, symmetrical or asymmetrical dialkyl ethers with 6 to 22 carbon atoms per alkyl group, such as dicaprylyl ether (Cetiol® OE), ring opening products of epoxidized fatty acid esters with polyols, silicone oils (cyclomethicones, silicon methicone types, etc.) and / or aliphatic or naphthenic hydrocarbons, such as for example Squalane, squalene or dialkylcyclohexanes.

To prepare the emulsions, it is advisable to encapsulate the active ingredients in the Gel matrix due to elevated temperatures, for example from 50 to 95 and in particular 60 up to 80 ° C. After stirring, it has also proven to be advantageous leave the preparations to their own devices for a period of 15 to 20 minutes. Subsequently they can then be entered in the desired amount in the oil phase. The emulsions can then in amounts of active substance from 0.1 to 10, preferably 0.2 to 5 and in particular 0.5 to 2 wt .-% - based on the fiber or nonwoven fabric weight - used become.

equipment products

Polyolefin fibers are among the most commonly used to make nonwovens Fibers. Examples of suitable polyolefins are polypropylene, polyethylene or copolymers from ethylene or propylene with butadiene. Furthermore, polyester fibers are also mainly used Polyethylene terephthalate fibers used. In addition to the fiber types mentioned other synthetic fibers suitable for producing nonwovens are also used, for example Nylon® fibers. Fibers consisting of two are also particularly suitable or more components, for example polyester copolyester fibers or polypropylene polyethylene fibers.

The nonwovens used in the process according to the invention can be produced by all processes of nonwoven production known in the prior art, as described, for example, in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Vol. A 17, VCH Weinheim 1994, pages 572-581 . Nonwovens which are produced either by the so-called "dry laid" method or by the spunbonded method or spunbond method are preferred. The "dry laid" process is based on staple fibers, which are usually separated into individual fibers by carding and then folded together using an aerodynamic or hydrodynamic process to form the unconsolidated nonwoven. This is then connected, for example, to the finished nonwoven by a thermal treatment (the so-called "thermobonding"). The synthetic fibers are either heated to such an extent that their surface melts and the individual fibers are joined together at the contact points, or the fibers are coated with an additive that melts during the heat treatment and thus connects the individual fibers together.

The connection is fixed by cooling. In addition to this procedure, of course, too all other methods suitable in the prior art for bonding nonwovens be used.

Spunbond formation, on the other hand, starts from individual filaments, which after the Melt spinning processes are formed from extruded polymers, which under high Pressure is pressed through spinnerets. The filaments emerging from the spinnerets are bundled, stretched and laid down to form a fleece, which is usually by "thermobonding" is solidified. The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for nonwovens that are manufactured according to the spunbonded or "dry laid" process.

These aqueous emulsions ("preparations") are made according to the inventive method applied to the untreated nonwoven or the fibers. All in methods and machines customary in textile technology, for example a foulard, are used spraying or a roller application or pen application is also possible. The fibers or nonwovens are then dried and processed

Another object of the invention therefore relates to antimicrobial fibers, which consist wholly or predominantly of polyolefins or polyesters or nonwovens which predominantly contain such fibers, and are characterized by the fact that equipment be prepared with the aqueous emulsions. The equipment can be ordered the emulsions (active substance) in amounts of 0.1 to 10 wt .-% - based on the fiber or Nonwoven weight - done.

The invention also relates to hygiene products, such as feminine hygiene articles, diapers or wipes that are characterized by the fact that they are equipped as explained above Nonwovens included.

(a) Mikrokapseln mit einem mittleren Durchmesser von 1 bis 1000 µm, bestehend aus Gelbildnern und Wirkstoffen und

(b) Ölkörper

zur antimikrobiellen Ausrüstung von Fasern oder Vliesstoffen, die ganz oder überwiegend Polyolefine oder Polyester enthalten. A final object of the invention finally relates to the use of aqueous emulsions containing

(a) microcapsules with an average diameter of 1 to 1000 microns, consisting of gelling agents and active ingredients and

(b) Oil body

for the antimicrobial finishing of fibers or nonwovens that contain all or predominantly polyolefins or polyester.

Examples Example 1.

10 g of agar agar were dissolved in 100 ml of water at the boiling point in a 500 ml three-necked flask with stirrer and reflux condenser. The mixture was then brought to 60 ° C cooled and within about 30 min with vigorous stirring with 2 g of chitosan (Hydagen® DCMF, Cognis Deutschland GmbH). The preparation became itself 15 min Leave to concentrate in vacuo to a volume of 50 ml and then in 150 ml Capryl / Caprylyl Glycerides (Myritol® 318, Cognis Deutschland GmbH) stirred in. It was an O / W / O emulsion was obtained which had a microcapsule content of 6 wt .-%. The microcapsules had an average diameter of 92 µm.

Example 2.

In a 500 ml three-necked flask with stirrer and reflux condenser, 5 g of agar-agar were dissolved in 100 ml of water at the boiling point. The mixture was then brought to 60 ° C cooled and within about 30 min with vigorous stirring with 15 g of a 90 wt .-% Solution of dicapryloylmethylethoxymonium methosulfate in isopropyl alcohol. The preparation was left to do for 15 min, in vacuo to a volume of 50 ml and then in 150 ml of dicaprylyl ether (Cetiol® OE, Cognis Germany GmbH) stirred in. An O / W / O emulsion with a microcapsule content was obtained of 3% by weight. The microcapsules had an average diameter of 90 µm.

Example 3.

In a 500 ml three-necked flask with stirrer and reflux condenser, 10 g of agar-agar were dissolved in 100 ml of water at the boiling point. The mixture was then brought to 60 ° C cooled and mixed with vigorous stirring with about 2 g of thymol within about 30 min. The preparation was left to do for 15 min, in vacuo to a volume of 50 ml concentrated and then in 150 ml cocoglycerides (Myritol® 312, Cognis Germany GmbH) stirred in. An O / W / O emulsion with a microcapsule content was obtained of 6% by weight. The microcapsules had an average diameter of 90 µm.

Example 4.

In a 500 ml three-necked flask with stirrer and reflux condenser, 10 g of gelatin were dissolved in 100 ml of water at the boiling point. The mixture was then brought to 60 ° C cooled and within about 30 min with vigorous stirring with 2 g glycerol monolaurate added. The preparation was left to do for 15 minutes, except for one in a vacuum Concentrated volume of 50 ml and then stirred into 150 ml of almond oil. there has been a W / O emulsion obtained, which had a microcapsule content of 5.5 wt .-%. The microcapsules had an average diameter of 93 µm.

Claims (10)

Process for the antimicrobial finishing of fibers or nonwovens, characterized in that they are treated with aqueous emulsions containing (a) microcapsules with an average diameter of 1 to 1000 microns, consisting of gelling agents and antimicrobial agents and (b) Oil body. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibers or nonwovens consist entirely or predominantly of polyolefins and / or polyesters. Process according to claims 1 and / or 2, characterized in that W / O or O / W / O emulsions are used. Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that emulsions are used which (a) 1 to 75% by weight of microcapsules and (b) 24 to 70% by weight oil body with the proviso that the quantities with water and possibly other auxiliaries and additives add up to 100% by weight. Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that they contain antimicrobial active substances which are selected from the group formed by surfactants, emulsifiers, biogenic active substances, deodorants, germ-inhibiting agents and perfume oils. Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the emulsions in amounts of 0.1 to 10 wt .-% - based on the fiber or. Nonwoven weight - uses. Antimicrobial finished fibers which consist entirely or predominantly of polyolefins or polyesters or nonwovens which predominantly contain such fibers, characterized in that they are produced by a method according to one of claims 1 to 5. Fibers or nonwovens according to claim 7, characterized in that they are equipped with a coating of the emulsions (active substance) in amounts of 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the fibers or nonwovens. Hygiene products, such as feminine hygiene articles, diapers or wipes, characterized in that they contain nonwovens according to claim 7. Use of aqueous emulsions containing (a) microcapsules with an average diameter of 1 to 1000 microns, consisting of gelling agents and antimicrobial agents and (b) Oil body for the antimicrobial finishing of fibers or nonwovens that contain all or predominantly polyolefins or polyester.