EP1246981B1 - Panel elements - Google Patents

Panel elements Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1246981B1
EP1246981B1 EP01909620A EP01909620A EP1246981B1 EP 1246981 B1 EP1246981 B1 EP 1246981B1 EP 01909620 A EP01909620 A EP 01909620A EP 01909620 A EP01909620 A EP 01909620A EP 1246981 B1 EP1246981 B1 EP 1246981B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
groove
panel
tongue
panel element
panel elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01909620A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1246981A1 (en
Inventor
Richard Schwitte
Ansgar Mensing
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huelsta Werke Huels GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Huelsta Werke Huels GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Huelsta Werke Huels GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Huelsta Werke Huels GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP06015576A priority Critical patent/EP1722042A1/en
Publication of EP1246981A1 publication Critical patent/EP1246981A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1246981B1 publication Critical patent/EP1246981B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00Flooring
    • E04F15/02Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00Flooring
    • E04F15/02Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0138Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0153Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/02Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04F2201/025Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongue and grooves alternating transversally in the direction of the thickness of the panel, e.g. multiple tongue and grooves oriented parallel to each other
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/04Other details of tongues or grooves
    • E04F2201/041Tongues or grooves with slits or cuts for expansion or flexibility
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
    • E04F2201/0523Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to panel elements according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Panel elements for the formation of floor coverings are usually rectangular and oblong. However, they can also have other contours and be designed, for example, square. Based on the usual, rectangular shape, terms such as “long side”, “face” or the like are therefore used below without restricting the invention to elongated panel elements. These terms also serve only to distinguish between first and second sides of the panel element, which are arranged in pairs parallel to each other and at an angle to each other designated pages, so that the intended for the "long side” geometry of the panel element on the other, for example a "Face", can be provided.
  • WO 00/47841 A1 describes floor panels which are provided on all four sides with projections or receiving grooves, so that a panel can be pressed in the vertical direction with the lateral locking devices in the complementary designed locking devices already laid panels.
  • the invention has for its object to provide panel elements to form a floor covering with which a simple, glueless laying of the floor covering is made possible while allowing a backlash-free investment adjacent panel elements and is reliably maintained.
  • two first sides designated as longitudinal sides have, on the one hand, a groove and, on the other hand, a spring.
  • one longitudinal side is provided with a groove
  • the other, opposite longitudinal side has a spring.
  • the panel elements according to the invention can also be designed square, so that two first sides, which are not necessarily longer than the two later explained in more detail second pages, are provided with tongue and groove.
  • grooves and complementary designed springs are designed such that a second panel element is applied for laying obliquely to a first, already laid panel element, and subsequently by a pivoting or rotational movement about the longitudinal side so down, in a plane with the already laid panel element is pivoted that the spring of the panel element to be laid is inserted into the groove of the already laid panel element.
  • the spring of the second panel element cooperates with the groove of the first, similar panel element, which is adjacent to the second panel member in the final state, such that the two interconnected panel elements are secured against separation forces in both, perpendicular to the longitudinal side of the Panel elements extending axes act.
  • it is prevented by the interaction of tongue and groove that one of the two panel elements with respect to the other in a direction perpendicular to the laying plane, ie perpendicular to the surface of the panel elements, can be raised.
  • tongue and groove locking contours which are explained in more detail below and a separation of the two Prevent panel elements from one another in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal sides and parallel to the surface.
  • retaining means are also provided on two second sides of the panel element which are designated as end faces and which form an end-side composite of two adjacent panel elements.
  • these holding means like the holding means on the longitudinal sides, prevent the panel elements which are connected to one another from being lifted relative to one another or from one another in a direction perpendicular to the end faces and parallel to the laying plane.
  • a groove or a channel with a suitable undercut may be present, in which a protruding element, that is a spring with projections which correspond to the undercut of the complementarily shaped groove, or a latching projection or hook can engage.
  • the front-side holding means can be connected to one another by means of a substantially transverse to the laying plane lowering movement of a panel element to be laid on an already laid, similar panel element.
  • the locking on the front side takes place in that a panel element to be laid when laying is also arranged correctly with respect to the front side, and when turning or pivoting in the laying plane not only the spring on the long side in the associated groove passes, but at the same time, as it were by a vertical or perpendicular to the laying plane lowering lowering also the holding means, so the spring or the locking projection on the front side.
  • This locking is particularly designed according to the invention so that two panel elements connected in the manner described also on the front sides against a separating forces, which are aligned perpendicular to the front side and parallel to the laying plane, and on the other hand against lifting forces, which are substantially perpendicular aligned to the laying level, are reliably secured.
  • the invention also relates to a laying method of the panel elements according to the invention is characterized in that a panel to be laid with its spring on the longitudinal side obliquely attached to an already laid panel element, and when swiveling down both on the longitudinal side and, without further displacement in Direction of the long side, is connected to the front side with an already laid panel element.
  • a strong profiling may be provided to allow high holding forces of the interconnected panel elements.
  • the panel elements according to the invention are not provided when laying the floor covering horizontally to slide into each other, but by means of a pivoting movement into each other.
  • a strong profiling of retaining channel and rib can be selected, which would not allow a horizontal nesting of two panel elements.
  • the usual purely horizontally shifting laying method may be possible.
  • the panel elements of the invention may be formed as a laminate with an HDF or MDF middle layer or as a finished parquet, both with an HDF or MDF middle layer and with a middle layer of wood,
  • the panel element according to the invention has its advantages in particular also in that preferred embodiment, which is not, as otherwise preferred, a laminate with an HDF or MDF middle layer, but a prefinished parquet, the middle layer of HDF, MDF, Plastic, other wood material or even the common spruce sticks may have.
  • the panel element according to the invention offers the advantage that two panel elements adjacent to their longitudinal edges do not have to be displaced relative to each other.
  • prefinished parquet in which the locking contours according to the invention are provided on the longitudinal sides, would be moved only with difficulty and with the aid of tools parallel to the longitudinal sides in order to lock the end faces.
  • no shift in this direction is required. Rather, be the end faces during the same movement, namely the Einschwenkamba, which provides on the longitudinal sides for the locking, brought substantially without a horizontal displacement in engagement with each other and locked together at this point.
  • the spring is designed such that it has on its underside a rib extending in the longitudinal direction of the spring, and in that the groove is accordingly formed on its underside, i. having on the lower groove cheek, a retaining channel for receiving the rib. This has made good experiences both in terms of a simple and a reliable installation.
  • the groove opens at its mouth upwards, thus facilitating the insertion of the spring of an obliquely attached panel element.
  • the rib provided on the underside of the spring can protrude comparatively far downwards from the spring, so that high holding forces can be applied after laying the floor covering, which can reliably prevent the separation of the two adjacent panel elements in the laying plane of the floor, So the pulling across the panel longitudinal direction.
  • the formation of a bevel on the upper groove cheek instead of the underside of the spring, has the advantage that the spring comes into contact both above and below in a region in the groove, which is comparatively deep in the groove is located so that a particularly stable connection is achieved because the dimension between the two farthest points of contact and connection of the connection is comparatively large.
  • the third and fourth contact points are advantageously separated from one another such that at the third contact point, preferably between the holding rib and the holding channel, contact is formed in a direction parallel to the laying plane, ie usually horizontally, in particular on the side wall of the holding channel.
  • contact is at an angle to the direction of the third contact point, preferably in a substantially vertical direction, so that the position of two with each other connected panel elements in the vertical direction, in particular perpendicular to the laying plane is exactly defined.
  • the plane of the groove or spring is displaced downwards, so that above the groove or the spring at least equal or possibly even greater material thickness is provided as below the groove or the spring. In this way, occurring during use of the floor covering, so in everyday operation, pressure forces are better absorbed by people or furniture and load the tongue and groove connection less, so that lower separation forces acting on two adjacent panel elements.
  • an upper contact surface extending up to the upper side of the panel element is present above the spring, and advantageously a glue receiving channel is provided if the panel elements are to be laid permanently and connected to one another by means of glue.
  • This glue receiving channel can be provided in the form of a recess which extends longitudinally to the spring and above the spring, below the upper edge of the panel element, since in the region of this upper edge a contact surface is provided for abutment with an adjacent panel element.
  • two contact surfaces between two adjacent panel elements can advantageously be provided, which prevent movements in both directions transversely to the longitudinal direction of the panel element: on the one hand the contact surface between the two panel elements, so that the two panel elements can not be pushed further to each other.
  • a second contact surface a contact surface between the retaining channel on the one hand and the rib on the other hand, so that the adjacent panel elements are secured against pulling-separating forces.
  • the usual installation system as it is carried out by professional floor installers and as it is known from the laying instructions of commercially available floor panel systems, provides that from a certain corner of the room, the floor covering is laid.
  • a certain pressing force must be exerted.
  • a pad is usually used, which is placed on the groove edge of the newly laid panel element and is to absorb and distribute the impact exerted by a hammer, so that the newly laid panel element is pressed with its spring into the groove of an already laid panel element ,
  • the end-side groove and the end-side spring each have a preferably slot-shaped recess, wherein the recesses are directed in the final installation state to each other such that a foreign spring can be inserted.
  • the end-face spring is provided with at least one hook-like projection, which is preferably formed on one or both side walls of the spring.
  • the hooks can be designed as latching hooks, wherein they are designed obliquely in the insertion direction, and prevents a substantially parallel to the laying plane aligned projection lifting.
  • such projections may of course also be formed on the side flanks of the frontal groove.
  • the spring preferably at its end, is provided with at least one bulge or bead which can be received in suitably recessed areas at the edges of the groove bottom of the face groove.
  • these recesses may be formed larger than the bulges of the spring.
  • Fig. 1 are denoted by 1 two similar panel elements, wherein the one panel element 1 has a groove 2 and the other panel element 1, a spring 3, which extends into the groove 2 of the adjacent panel element 1.
  • the material thickness of the panel elements 1 is above the groove 2 or above the spring 3 slightly more than below the groove 2 and the spring 3, so that pressure loads by persons or furniture can be collected comparatively well and burden the tongue and groove as little as possible ,
  • the panel elements 1 are secured by a contact surface 4.
  • a contact surface 4 is a rib 5, which is formed on the underside of the spring 3, on the side wall of a retaining channel 6 at.
  • a glue-free connection of the two panel elements 1 is shown.
  • a recess 9 above the spring 3 and below the upper contact surface 7 can serve as a glue receiving channel to receive excess glue, if the two panel elements 1 are to be permanently and joint-sealingly connected to each other by means of glue.
  • Fig. 2 shows the two panel elements 1 during installation.
  • the left panel element 1, of which the groove 2 is visible already laid.
  • the second panel element 1 is attached with its spring 3 obliquely to the side edge of the first panel element 1 and thereby the spring 3 is inserted as far as possible into the groove 2.
  • the groove 2 has an upper edge 10, which rises towards the mouth of the groove 2 and in this way forms an insertion channel 11 which can be seen in particular from FIG.
  • the spring 3 has an underside 12 which is chamfered towards the free end of the spring 3, that is rising, so that the right panel element 1 can be inserted as far as possible into the groove 2 in its apparent from Fig. 2 inclined position.
  • This insertion movement is limited on the one hand by the contact of the spring 3 with the upper and lower boundary edges of the groove 2 and on the other hand by contact of the two panel elements 1 in the region of their upper contact surface. 7
  • the right panel member 1 is compared with Fig. 2 shallower and less steeply angled, so that it could be further introduced into the groove 2.
  • the rib 5 passes with its rounded lower edge against a portion 14 which extends between the retaining channel 6 and the side edge of the panel element 1.
  • the transition from this section 14 to the retaining channel 6 runs with a comparatively large radius: in the illustrated embodiment, the radius of this rounding corresponds to approximately half the width of the retaining channel 6 or half the width of the material below the section 14.
  • the dimension on the panel comprising the spring 3 between the contact surface 7 and the right-hand edge of the rib 5, ie the contact point 8c, as shown in FIG. 1, is greater than the corresponding dimension on the panel having the groove , So the dimension between the contact point 7 and that point of the holding channel 6, on which the third contact point 8c is formed.
  • the retaining channel is formed slightly rounded overall, and that the bottom of the rib 5 is rounded.
  • the third pad 8c is provided such that the tangent thereon is oriented at least substantially vertically, thereby positioning the panels in the horizontal direction with respect to each other.
  • the pad 8d is formed in the vicinity of the holding channel 6 at a rounded portion.
  • the tangent thereto is largely horizontal, generally oriented at an angle to the third contact point 8c, so that the panels are positioned vertically with respect to each other, and release and height differences are prevented even on an uneven ground.
  • FIG. 4 is a purely schematic and perspective view of a panel element 1 can be seen, each with a longitudinal groove 2 and spring 3.
  • the panel element 1 is aligned ready for laying, so with his visual or decorative side up.
  • Also on the front sides of this panel element 1 is provided with an end-side groove 15 and a front-side spring 16.
  • the longitudinal groove 2 closes, in the Viewing direction "B" seen from above and outside the panel element 1, to the right end of the frontal groove 15 at.
  • this block is not attached to the side edge of the panel element 1, where the groove 2 is located. Rather, the impact block can be applied directly to the spring 3, so that even with tilting of the impact block damage to the surface of the panel element 1 can be reliably excluded.
  • the corresponding undercuts of the longitudinal groove 2 or spring 3, so in particular the design of the rib 5 and the retaining channel 6, may possibly be chosen so strong that a smooth horizontal telescoping in the laying plane is not provided.
  • such pronounced undercuts in the frontal groove and spring geometry are not provided, so that in this variant by a displacement of two adjacent panel elements 1 along each other, the front side of the displaced panel element 1 with a further, third panel element 1 can be connected.
  • FIG 5 and 6 show an inventive embodiment of the frontal groove 15 and the frontal spring 16:
  • the spring 16b does not extend in the horizontal plane of the panel element 1, but approximately perpendicular to this plane down.
  • the corresponding groove 15b accordingly opens up to receive the spring 16b.
  • the groove 15b has an undercut and the spring 16b is contoured with corresponding projections, in the illustrated, purely schematic embodiment by a slightly convex contour, so that after overcoming a latching force with which the spring 16b is pressed into the groove 15b, holding forces can be constructed, which secure a laid panel element 1 in its frontal area against lifting forces and allow free from impact edges, smooth floor surface in the region of the separation points on the front edges of two adjacent panel elements.
  • spring 16b and groove 15b shown purely schematically and crowned in FIGS. 5 and 6, enables the destruction-free dismantling of the panel elements 1 and overcoming the corresponding latching forces Loosening of their frontal bond.
  • the spring 16b comparatively gently diverges on its underside and converges further up to a greater extent, it can be provided that a comparatively easy insertion of the spring 16b into the groove 15b is made possible and, on the other hand, considerably higher holding forces, which, however, also disassemble complicate the two panel elements 1.
  • it may be provided not to separate the end faces by overcoming the latching forces, but by a sliding movement, are displaced in the longitudinal direction against each other in the groove 15b and spring 16b.
  • the groove 15b advantageously has a larger free cross section than the cross section of the spring 16b allows, so that the spring 16b can be held without tension or with a downward effective bias within the groove 15b and is ensured even with certain dimensional tolerances of the spring 16b in that no pressure points can occur between the spring 16b and the groove 15b, which push the spring 16b upwards and could possibly provide an abutting edge in the region of the separation point between the two end faces of adjacent panel elements. Instead, only one contact is advantageously provided in each upper region between the groove 15b and the spring 16b, so that the spring 16b is reliably held in this groove 15b due to the undercut of the groove 15b.
  • FIGS. 7 to 13 show further alternatives of the locking contours according to the invention on the end faces, which can be generally referred to as groove 15b and spring 16b.
  • the spring 16b is as downwardly projecting web on a lip formed, which is formed at the upper edge of the right to be recognized panel.
  • the spring 16b reaches the groove 15b when pivoting down the panel shown on the right.
  • the final locking is effected by a parallel to the front side inserted foreign spring 17, which is partially received in one side of the spring and partially in a groove flank. In this way, the right-to-be-seen, laid to the left-facing panel panel can be locked with its front side with the adjacent panel.
  • lateral direction provides the tongue and groove connection, and against lifting the panels are secured by the foreign spring 17.
  • the securing against laterally displacing forces also takes place through the tongue and groove connection, in which case the spring is formed at the front end of the lip.
  • This also has two oblique flanks-which are received in obliquely formed flanks of the groove 15b.
  • the right panel can not be raised without at least slightly shifting it to the right. However, this already prevents lifting of the panel, so that also in this embodiment, the two panels are inextricably linked in all directions.
  • the protection against lifting is achieved in that the spring 16b on the one hand has an oblique edge.
  • a plurality of hook-like projections 18 are present on the flank just formed in the case shown, which prevent lifting of the right to be recognized panel. In other words, prevent them in the manner of a detention or latching hook formed protrusions 18 that the straight groove flank moves past them to lift the right panel.
  • the spring 16b has two substantially straight flanks, but whose front ends are somewhat convex or have beads.
  • the groove 15b is accordingly at least slightly recessed in the corner regions, so that an undercut 20 is formed, in which the widenings of the spring can engage.
  • Fig. 11 is similar to that of Fig. 9, wherein the spring and the groove have two straight flanks, and on the spring on both flanks projections 18 are formed, which hold the panel to be recognized right in the laid position and secure against picking up.
  • Fig. 12 an embodiment similar to the embodiment of Fig. 10 is shown, wherein the bulge 19 or the spherical rounding is provided at the front end of the spring element only for a flank, and accordingly the groove has a recess 20 only in a corner region in which this spherical training can be recorded.
  • the recess 20 is also, as in the case of the embodiment of Fig. 10, designed somewhat deeper than necessary for the bulge of the spring to provide the surrounding area with a certain flexibility and to allow a resilient engagement.

Abstract

The panel element has a groove and a spring on opposite longitudinal sides, so that the groove of one element engages the spring of an adjacent element. The spring fits into the groove at an angle, so that one panel can be pivoted about the longitudinal edge of an adjacent panel. The spring and groove co-operate to secure the panel elements. The end faces of the panel elements have a groove (15b) and a tongue (16b), to connect the ends of adjacent panels. The end-side grooves and tongues can be connected by lowering one panel element onto a panel element that has already been installed, so that it cannot be lifted out.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die Erfindung betrifft Paneelelemente nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to panel elements according to the preamble of claim 1.

Paneelelemente zur Ausbildung von Fußbodenbelägen sind üblicherweise rechteckig und länglich. Sie können jedoch auch andere Konturen aufweisen und beispielsweise quadratisch ausgestaltet sein. In Anlehnung an die übliche, rechteckige Formgebung werden daher nachfolgend Begriffe wie "Längsseite", "Stirnseite" o. dgl. verwendet, ohne die Erfindung auf längliche Paneelelemente zu beschränken. Diese Begriffe dienen zudem lediglich zur Unterscheidung erster und zweiter Seiten an dem Paneelelement, die jeweils paarweise parallel zueinander und winklig gegenüber den jeweils anders bezeichneten Seiten angeordnet sind, so dass die für die "Längsseite" vorgesehene Geometrie des Paneelelementes auch an der anderen, beispielsweise einer "Stirnseite", vorgesehen sein kann.Panel elements for the formation of floor coverings are usually rectangular and oblong. However, they can also have other contours and be designed, for example, square. Based on the usual, rectangular shape, terms such as "long side", "face" or the like are therefore used below without restricting the invention to elongated panel elements. These terms also serve only to distinguish between first and second sides of the panel element, which are arranged in pairs parallel to each other and at an angle to each other designated pages, so that the intended for the "long side" geometry of the panel element on the other, for example a "Face", can be provided.

Demgegenüber ist es aus der DE 200 01 788 U1 bekannt, die an einer Nut-Feder-Verbindung der Längsseiten vorgesehenen Verriegelungskonturen derart zu gestalten, dass ein zweites Paneel in ein bereits verlegtes, erstes Paneel durch eine Schwenkbewegung angesetzt und anschließend nach unten geschwenkt wird, so dass die Feder in die Nut gelangt. Durch eine sich anschließende, parallel zu der Längskante erfolgende Verschiebebewegung wird eine an der Stirnseite vorgesehene Feder mit einem daran ausgebildeten Verriegelungselement in die Nut eines bereits verlegten, seitlich benachbarten Paneels eingeführt. Zu diesem Zweck ist zumindest die untere Nutwange der an der Stirnseite vorgesehenen Nut flexibel gestaltet, so dass die Feder des neu verlegten Paneels zusammen mit seinem Verriegelungselement in die Nut eintreten und mittels eines an einer Nutwange ausgebildeten Aufnahmekanals verriegelt werden kann. Diese Vorgehensweise ist jedoch ebenfalls im Hinblick auf die Einfachheit der Verlegearbeit verbesserungswürdig.In contrast, it is known from DE 200 01 788 U1 to design the locking contours provided on a tongue and groove joint of the longitudinal sides in such a way that a second panel is attached to an already laid, first panel by a pivoting movement and then pivoted downwards, so that the spring gets into the groove. By a subsequent, taking place parallel to the longitudinal edge sliding movement provided on the front side spring is introduced with a locking element formed thereon in the groove of an already laid, laterally adjacent panel. For this purpose, at least the lower groove cheek of the groove provided on the front side is designed to be flexible, so that the spring of the newly laid panel can enter together with its locking element in the groove and can be locked by means of a formed on a groove cheek receiving channel. However, this approach is also in need of improvement in view of the ease of laying work.

Aus der FR 2 278 876 A sind plattenartige Elemente bekannt, die an sämtlichen vier Seiten mit Verriegelungseinrichtungen versehen sind, durch die eine neu zu verlegende Platte mittels einer Eindrückbewegung, die weitgehend senkrecht zu der Plattenoberfläche erfolgt, mit bereits verlegten, benachbarten Platten verriegelbar ist. Eine ähnliche Anordnung ergibt sich aus der EP 0 085 196 A1.From FR 2 278 876 A plate-like elements are known, which are provided on all four sides with locking means by which a plate to be relocated by means of an indenting movement which is largely perpendicular to the plate surface, with already laid, adjacent plates locked. A similar arrangement results from EP 0 085 196 A1.

Schließlich beschreibt die WO 00/47841 A1 Fußbodenpaneele, die an sämtlichen vier Seiten mit Vorsprüngen bzw. Aufnahmenuten versehen sind, so dass ein Paneel in vertikaler Richtung mit den seitlichen Verriegelungseinrichtungen in die komplementär gestalteten Verriegelungseinrichtungen bereits verlegter Paneele eingedrückt werden kann.Finally, WO 00/47841 A1 describes floor panels which are provided on all four sides with projections or receiving grooves, so that a panel can be pressed in the vertical direction with the lateral locking devices in the complementary designed locking devices already laid panels.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Paneelelemente zur Ausbildung eines Fußbodenbelages zu schaffen, mit denen eine einfache, leimlose Verlegung des Fußbodenbelages ermöglicht wird und dabei eine möglichst spielfreie Anlage benachbarter Paneelelemente ermöglicht und zuverlässig beibehalten wird.The invention has for its object to provide panel elements to form a floor covering with which a simple, glueless laying of the floor covering is made possible while allowing a backlash-free investment adjacent panel elements and is reliably maintained.

Diese der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe wird durch die Paneelelemente mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object of the invention is achieved by the panel elements having the features of claim 1.

Demzufolge weisen bei den erfindungsgemäßen Paneelelementen zwei erste, als Längsseiten bezeichnete Seiten einerseits eine Nut und andererseits eine Feder auf. Mit anderen Worten ist bei einem rechteckigen, insbesondere länglichen Paneelelement die eine Längsseite mit einer Nut versehen, und die andere., entgegengesetzte Längsseite weist eine Feder auf. Es versteht sich, dass die erfindungsgemäßen Paneelelemente ebenso quadratisch gestaltet sein kann, so dass zwei erste Seiten, die nicht notwendigerweise länger sind als die beiden nachfolgend noch näher erläuterten zweiten Seiten, mit Nut und Feder versehen sind. An diesen ersten Seiten sind Nuten und dazu komplementär gestaltete Federn derart ausgebildet, dass ein zweites Paneelelement zum Verlegen schräg an ein erstes, bereits verlegtes Paneelelement angesetzt wird, und nachfolgend durch eine Schwenk- oder Drehbewegung um die Längsseite derart nach unten, in eine Ebene mit dem bereits verlegten Paneelelement geschwenkt wird, dass die Feder des zu verlegenden Paneelelements in die Nut des bereits verlegten Paneelelements eingeführt wird.Accordingly, in the panel elements according to the invention, two first sides designated as longitudinal sides have, on the one hand, a groove and, on the other hand, a spring. In other words, in the case of a rectangular, in particular elongated panel element, one longitudinal side is provided with a groove, and the other, opposite longitudinal side has a spring. It is understood that the panel elements according to the invention can also be designed square, so that two first sides, which are not necessarily longer than the two later explained in more detail second pages, are provided with tongue and groove. At these first sides grooves and complementary designed springs are designed such that a second panel element is applied for laying obliquely to a first, already laid panel element, and subsequently by a pivoting or rotational movement about the longitudinal side so down, in a plane with the already laid panel element is pivoted that the spring of the panel element to be laid is inserted into the groove of the already laid panel element.

Im endgültigen Verlegezustand wirkt die Feder des zweiten Paneelelements mit der Nut des ersten, gleichartigen Paneelelements, das im Endzustand an das zweite Paneelelement benachbart ist, derart zusammen, dass die beiden miteinander verbundenen Paneelelemente gegen Trennkräfte gesichert sind, die in beiden, senkrecht zur Längsseite der Paneelelemente verlaufenden Achsen wirken. Mit anderen Worten wird durch die Zusammenwirkung von Nut und Feder verhindert, dass eines der beiden Paneelelemente bezüglich des anderen in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Verlege-Ebene, also senkrecht zur Oberfläche der Paneelelemente, angehoben werden kann. Zum anderen weisen Nut und Feder Verriegelungskonturen auf, die nachfolgend noch genauer erläutert sind und ein Trennen der beiden Paneelelemente voneinander in einer Richtung senkrecht zu den Längsseiten und parallel zur Oberfläche verhindern.In the final laying state, the spring of the second panel element cooperates with the groove of the first, similar panel element, which is adjacent to the second panel member in the final state, such that the two interconnected panel elements are secured against separation forces in both, perpendicular to the longitudinal side of the Panel elements extending axes act. In other words, it is prevented by the interaction of tongue and groove that one of the two panel elements with respect to the other in a direction perpendicular to the laying plane, ie perpendicular to the surface of the panel elements, can be raised. On the other hand, have tongue and groove locking contours, which are explained in more detail below and a separation of the two Prevent panel elements from one another in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal sides and parallel to the surface.

Erfindungsgemäß sind auch an zwei zweiten, als Stirnseiten bezeichneten Seiten des Paneelelements Haltemittel vorgesehen, die einen stirnseitigen Verbund zweier benachbarter Paneelelemente bilden. Diese Haltemittel verhindern erfindungsgemäß ebenso wie die Haltemittel an den Längsseiten, dass die miteinander verbundenen Paneelelemente bezüglich einander angehoben werden oder in einer Richtung senkrecht zu den Stirnseiten und parallel zu der Verlege-Ebene voneinander getrennt werden können. Als derartige Haltemittel können eine Nut oder ein Kanal mit einer geeigneten Hinterschneidung vorhanden sein, in die ein vorstehendes Element, also eine Feder mit Vorsprüngen, die der Hinterschneidung der dazu komplementär gestalteten Nut entsprechen, oder ein Rastvorsprung oder -haken eingreifen kann.According to the invention, retaining means are also provided on two second sides of the panel element which are designated as end faces and which form an end-side composite of two adjacent panel elements. According to the invention, these holding means, like the holding means on the longitudinal sides, prevent the panel elements which are connected to one another from being lifted relative to one another or from one another in a direction perpendicular to the end faces and parallel to the laying plane. As such holding means, a groove or a channel with a suitable undercut may be present, in which a protruding element, that is a spring with projections which correspond to the undercut of the complementarily shaped groove, or a latching projection or hook can engage.

In gegenüber dem Stand der Technik völlig neuartiger Weise sind die stirnseitigen Haltemittel mittels einer im Wesentlichen quer zur Verlege-Ebene erfolgenden Absenkbewegung eines zu verlegenden Paneelelements auf ein bereits verlegtes, gleichartiges Paneelelement miteinander verbindbar. Mit anderen Worten findet, anders als im Stand der Technik bekannt, die Verriegelung an der Stirnseite dadurch statt, dass ein zu verlegendes Paneelelement beim Verlegen auch bezüglich der Stirnseite korrekt angeordnet wird, und beim Drehen oder Schwenken in die Verlege-Ebene nicht nur die Feder an der Längsseite in die zugehörige Nut gelangt, sondern gleichzeitig, gewissermaßen durch eine Vertikal- oder senkrecht zur Verlege-Ebene erfolgende Absenkbewegung auch die Haltemittel, also die Feder oder der Rastvorsprung an der Stirnseite. Diese Verriegelung ist insbesondere erfindungsgemäß so gestaltet, dass zwei in der beschriebenen Weise miteinander verbundene Paneelelemente auch an den Stirnseiten zum einen gegen trennende Kräfte, die senkrecht zur Stirnseite und parallel zur Verlege-Ebene ausgerichtet sind, und zum anderen gegen abhebende Kräfte, die weitgehend senkrecht zur Verlege-Ebene ausgerichtet sind, zuverlässig gesichert sind. Hierdurch wird eine besonders einfache und gleichzeitig zuverlässige Verlegung eines Fußbodenbelages, bestehend aus mehreren erfindungsgemäßen Paneelelementen geschaffen. Mit einer einzigen Schwenk- oder Drehbewegung wird ein zu verlegendes Paneelelement nämlich sowohl an seiner Längs- als auch seiner Stirnseite verriegelt. Insoweit betrifft die Erfindung auch ein Das Verlegeverfahren der erfindungsgemäßen Paneelelemente zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass ein zu verlegendes Paneel mit seiner Feder an der Längsseite schräg an ein bereits verlegtes Paneelelement angesetzt wird, und beim Herunterschwenken sowohl an der Längsseite als auch, ohne weitere Verschiebung in Richtung der Längsseite, an der Stirnseite mit einem bereits verlegten Paneelelement verbunden wird.In a completely novel manner compared to the prior art, the front-side holding means can be connected to one another by means of a substantially transverse to the laying plane lowering movement of a panel element to be laid on an already laid, similar panel element. In other words, unlike in the prior art, the locking on the front side takes place in that a panel element to be laid when laying is also arranged correctly with respect to the front side, and when turning or pivoting in the laying plane not only the spring on the long side in the associated groove passes, but at the same time, as it were by a vertical or perpendicular to the laying plane lowering lowering also the holding means, so the spring or the locking projection on the front side. This locking is particularly designed according to the invention so that two panel elements connected in the manner described also on the front sides against a separating forces, which are aligned perpendicular to the front side and parallel to the laying plane, and on the other hand against lifting forces, which are substantially perpendicular aligned to the laying level, are reliably secured. This creates a particularly simple and at the same time reliable laying of a floor covering consisting of several panel elements according to the invention. With a single pivoting or rotating movement, a panel element to be laid is in fact locked both on its longitudinal side and also on its front side. In that regard, the invention also relates to a laying method of the panel elements according to the invention is characterized in that a panel to be laid with its spring on the longitudinal side obliquely attached to an already laid panel element, and when swiveling down both on the longitudinal side and, without further displacement in Direction of the long side, is connected to the front side with an already laid panel element.

Bei der Ausgestaltung der Verriegelungskonturen an den Längsseite, insbesondere von Haltekanal und Rippe kann eine kräftige Profilierung vorgesehen sein, um hohe Haltekräfte der miteinander verbundenen Paneelelemente zu ermöglichen. In Abkehr von der häufig verwendeten Verlegungsmethode, bei der ein Paneelelement horizontal an ein bereits verlegtes Paneelelement geschoben wird, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, die Paneelelemente beim Verlegen des Fußbodenbelags nicht horizontal ineinander zu schieben, sondern mittels einer Schwenkbewegung ineinander zu führen. So kann eine starke Profilierung von Haltekanal und Rippe gewählt werden, die ein horizontales Ineinanderschieben zweier Paneelelemente nicht zulassen würde. Bei entsprechend schwächerer Profilierung oder bei elastischer Ausgestaltung des Kantenbereichs kann jedoch auch die übliche rein horizontal verschiebende Verlegemethode möglich sein.In the embodiment of the locking contours on the longitudinal side, in particular of retaining channel and rib a strong profiling may be provided to allow high holding forces of the interconnected panel elements. In departure from the frequently used laying method, in which a panel element is pushed horizontally against an already laid panel element, the panel elements according to the invention are not provided when laying the floor covering horizontally to slide into each other, but by means of a pivoting movement into each other. Thus, a strong profiling of retaining channel and rib can be selected, which would not allow a horizontal nesting of two panel elements. In accordance with weaker profiling or elastic design of the edge portion, however, the usual purely horizontally shifting laying method may be possible.

Es sei erwähnt, dass die Paneelelemente der Erfindung als Laminat mit HDF- oder MDF-Mittellage oder als Fertigparkett, sowohl mit HDF- oder MDF-Mittellage als auch mit einer Mittellage aus Holz, ausgebildet sein können,It should be noted that the panel elements of the invention may be formed as a laminate with an HDF or MDF middle layer or as a finished parquet, both with an HDF or MDF middle layer and with a middle layer of wood,

Das erfindungsgemäße Paneelelement entfaltet seine Vorteile insbesondere auch bei derjenigen bevorzugten Ausführungsform, bei der es sich nicht, wie im Übrigen bevorzugt, um ein Laminat mit einer HDF- oder MDF-Mittellage handelt, sondern um ein Fertigparkett, das eine Mittellage aus HDF, MDF, Kunststoff, einem sonstigen Holzwerkstoff oder auch den gängigen Fichtestäbchen aufweisen kann. Insbesondere im Hinblick auf die gängige Mittellage aus Fichtestäbchen, die eine vergleichsweise unregelmäßige und raue Oberfläche mit Fehlstellen, Harzgallen und dergleichen aufweisen, bietet das erfindungsgemäße Paneelelement den Vorteil, dass zwei an ihren Längskanten benachbarte Paneelelemente nicht bezüglich einander verschoben werden müssen. Wäre dies der Fall, so könnte Fertigparkett, bei dem an den Längsseiten die erfindungsgemäßen Verriegelungskonturen vorgesehen sind, nur schwer und unter Zuhilfenahme von Werkzeugen parallel zu den Längsseiten verschoben werden, um auch die Stirnseiten zu verriegeln. Demgegenüber ist erfindungsgemäß keine Verschiebung in dieser Richtung erforderlich. Vielmehr werden die Stirnseiten während derselben Bewegung, nämlich der Einschwenkbewegung, die an den Längsseiten für die Verriegelung sorgt, im Wesentlichen ohne eine horizontale Verschiebung in Eingriff miteinander gebracht und an dieser Stelle miteinander verriegelt.The panel element according to the invention has its advantages in particular also in that preferred embodiment, which is not, as otherwise preferred, a laminate with an HDF or MDF middle layer, but a prefinished parquet, the middle layer of HDF, MDF, Plastic, other wood material or even the common spruce sticks may have. In particular with regard to the common middle layer of spruce sticks, which have a comparatively irregular and rough surface with imperfections, resinous galls and the like, the panel element according to the invention offers the advantage that two panel elements adjacent to their longitudinal edges do not have to be displaced relative to each other. If this were the case, then prefinished parquet, in which the locking contours according to the invention are provided on the longitudinal sides, would be moved only with difficulty and with the aid of tools parallel to the longitudinal sides in order to lock the end faces. In contrast, according to the invention no shift in this direction is required. Rather, be the end faces during the same movement, namely the Einschwenkbewegung, which provides on the longitudinal sides for the locking, brought substantially without a horizontal displacement in engagement with each other and locked together at this point.

Im Hinblick auf die Zuverlässigkeit der Verriegelung insbesondere an der Längsseite ist die Feder derart gestaltet, dass sie an ihrer Unterseite eine in Längsrichtung der Feder verlaufende Rippe aufweist, und dass die Nut dementsprechend an ihrer Unterseite, d.h. an der unteren Nutwange, einen Haltekanal zur Aufnahme der Rippe aufweist. Hiermit wurden gute Erfahrungen sowohl hinsichtlich einer einfachen als auch einer zuverlässigen Verlegung gemacht.In view of the reliability of the locking, in particular on the longitudinal side, the spring is designed such that it has on its underside a rib extending in the longitudinal direction of the spring, and in that the groove is accordingly formed on its underside, i. having on the lower groove cheek, a retaining channel for receiving the rib. This has made good experiences both in terms of a simple and a reliable installation.

Es ist vorgesehen, dass sich die Nut an ihrer Mündung nach oben hin öffnet, also das Einführen der Feder eines schräg angesetzten Paneelelementes erleichtert. Hierdurch kann die an der Unterseite der Feder vorgesehene Rippe von der Feder aus vergleichsweise weit nach unten ragen, so dass nach Verlegung des Fußbodenbelages hohe Haltekräfte aufgebracht werden können, die das Trennen der beiden benachbarten Paneelelemente in der Verlege-Ebene des Fußbodens zuverlässig verhindern können, also das Auseinanderziehen quer zur Paneel-Längsrichtung. Ferner bietet die Ausbildung einer Abschrägung an der oberen Nutwange, anstelle der Unterseite der Feder, den Vorteil, dass die Feder sowohl oben als auch unten in einem Bereich in der Nut zur Anlage kommt, der sich vergleichsweise tief in der Nut befindet, so dass eine besonders stabile Verbindung erreicht wird, da die Abmessung zwischen den beiden am weitesten entfernt voneinander liegenden Berührungs- und Verbindungspunkten der Verbindung vergleichsweise groß ist.It is envisaged that the groove opens at its mouth upwards, thus facilitating the insertion of the spring of an obliquely attached panel element. As a result, the rib provided on the underside of the spring can protrude comparatively far downwards from the spring, so that high holding forces can be applied after laying the floor covering, which can reliably prevent the separation of the two adjacent panel elements in the laying plane of the floor, So the pulling across the panel longitudinal direction. Furthermore, the formation of a bevel on the upper groove cheek, instead of the underside of the spring, has the advantage that the spring comes into contact both above and below in a region in the groove, which is comparatively deep in the groove is located so that a particularly stable connection is achieved because the dimension between the two farthest points of contact and connection of the connection is comparatively large.

Es ist vorgesehen, dass sich durch die Geometrie von Nut und Feder insgesamt vier Kontaktstellen zwischen den beiden Paneelelementen ergeben, so dass auf diese Weise eine zuverlässige Stabilität auch gegen Trennkräfte erzielt wird, die quer zur Verlege-Ebene des Fußbodens wirken und beispielsweise ein Anheben bzw. Verkanten des einen gegenüber dem benachbarten Paneelelement bewirken könnten. Ein unbeabsichtigtes Lösen könnte durch eine Schwenkbewegung entgegengesetzt zu der Schwenkbewegung um die Längsseite, die zum Verriegeln an dieser Stelle erforderlich ist, eingeleitet oder erleichtert werden. Die vier Kontaktstellen erschweren eine derartige unbeabsichtigte Schwenkbewegung zweier verbundener Paneelelemente und können eine regelrechte Rastverbindung ergeben, bei der zum Lösen der beiden verbundenen Paneelelemente zunächst eine Rastkraft überwunden werden muss. Insbesondere befinden sich zwei erste Kontaktstellen an der Ober- und der Unterseite der Feder. Die dritte und vierte Kontaktstelle sind in vorteilhafter Weise derart voneinander getrennt, dass an der dritten Kontaktstelle, bevorzugt zwischen Halterippe und Haltekanal, ein Kontakt in einer Richtung parallel zur Verlege-Ebene, also üblicherweise horizontal, insbesondere an der Seitenwand des Haltekanales ausgebildet wird. An der vierten Kontaktstelle, die sich bevorzugt am vorderen Ende der unteren Nutwange und an einer Stelle neben der Rippe befindet, liegt ein Kontakt unter einem Winkel zu der Richtung der dritten Kontaktstelle, bevorzugt in weitgehend vertikaler Richtung vor, so dass die Lage zweier miteinander verbundener Paneelelemente in vertikaler Richtung, insbesondere senkrecht zur Verlege-Ebene exakt definiert ist.It is envisaged that arise by the geometry of tongue and groove a total of four contact points between the two panel elements, so that in this way a reliable stability is achieved against separation forces acting transversely to the laying plane of the floor and, for example, a lifting or Canting one could cause the opposite panel element. Inadvertent release could be initiated or facilitated by a pivotal movement opposite the pivotal movement about the longitudinal side required for locking at that location. The four contact points complicate such unintentional pivotal movement of two connected panel elements and can result in a veritable latching connection, in which first a latching force must be overcome to release the two connected panel elements. In particular, there are two first contact points on the top and the bottom of the spring. The third and fourth contact points are advantageously separated from one another such that at the third contact point, preferably between the holding rib and the holding channel, contact is formed in a direction parallel to the laying plane, ie usually horizontally, in particular on the side wall of the holding channel. At the fourth contact point, which is preferably located at the front end of the lower groove cheek and at a position adjacent to the rib, contact is at an angle to the direction of the third contact point, preferably in a substantially vertical direction, so that the position of two with each other connected panel elements in the vertical direction, in particular perpendicular to the laying plane is exactly defined.

Ferner wird die Ebene der Nut bzw. Feder nach unten verlagert, so dass oberhalb der Nut bzw. der Feder eine wenigstens gleichgroße oder gegebenenfalls sogar größere Materialstärke vorgesehen ist als unterhalb der Nut bzw. der Feder. Auf diese Weise werden während der Benutzung des Fußbodenbelages, also im alltäglichen Betrieb, auftretende Druckkräfte durch Personen oder Möbel besser aufgenommen und belasten die Nut- und Federverbindung weniger, so dass geringere Trennkräfte auf zwei benachbarte Paneelelemente einwirken.Further, the plane of the groove or spring is displaced downwards, so that above the groove or the spring at least equal or possibly even greater material thickness is provided as below the groove or the spring. In this way, occurring during use of the floor covering, so in everyday operation, pressure forces are better absorbed by people or furniture and load the tongue and groove connection less, so that lower separation forces acting on two adjacent panel elements.

Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen finden sich in den weiteren Ansprüchen.Preferred developments can be found in the further claims.

Bevorzugt ist oberhalb der Feder eine sich bis zur Oberseite des Paneelelements erstreckende obere Berührungsfläche vorhanden, und vorteilhaft ist ein Leimaufnahmekanal vorgesehen, falls die Paneelelemente dauerhaft verlegt und mittels Leim miteinander verbunden werden sollen. Dieser Leimaufnahmekanal kann in Form einer Ausnehmung vorgesehen sein, die sich längs zur Feder und oberhalb der Feder erstreckt, unterhalb der Oberkante des Paneelelementes, da im Bereich dieser Oberkante eine Kontaktfläche zur Anlage an einem benachbarten Paneelelement vorgesehen ist.Preferably, an upper contact surface extending up to the upper side of the panel element is present above the spring, and advantageously a glue receiving channel is provided if the panel elements are to be laid permanently and connected to one another by means of glue. This glue receiving channel can be provided in the form of a recess which extends longitudinally to the spring and above the spring, below the upper edge of the panel element, since in the region of this upper edge a contact surface is provided for abutment with an adjacent panel element.

Weiterhin können vorteilhaft zwei Berührungsflächen zwischen zwei benachbarten Paneelelementen vorgesehen sein, die Bewegungen in beiden Richtungen quer zur Längsrichtung des Paneelelementes verhindern: Einerseits die Kontaktfläche zwischen den beiden Paneelelementen, so dass die beiden Paneelelemente nicht weiter zueinander geschoben werden können. Andererseits, als zweite Berührungsfläche, eine Anlagefläche zwischen dem Haltekanal einerseits und der Rippe andererseits, so dass die benachbarten Paneelelemente gegen auseinanderziehende Trennkräfte gesichert sind. Auf diese Weise wird nicht nur eine spielfreie sondern auch fugenlose bzw. spaltfreie Verlegung der Paneelelemente ermöglicht und damit ein hygienisch einwandfreier Fußbodenbelag mit einer möglichst geschlossenen Oberfläche.Furthermore, two contact surfaces between two adjacent panel elements can advantageously be provided, which prevent movements in both directions transversely to the longitudinal direction of the panel element: on the one hand the contact surface between the two panel elements, so that the two panel elements can not be pushed further to each other. On the other hand, as a second contact surface, a contact surface between the retaining channel on the one hand and the rib on the other hand, so that the adjacent panel elements are secured against pulling-separating forces. In this way, not only a play-free but also jointless or gap-free laying of the panel elements is possible, and thus a hygienically flawless floor covering with a closed surface as possible.

Die Verriegelung an den Längsseiten durch Nut und Feder wird zusätzlich erleichtert, wenn die Unterseite der Feder zum freien Ende der Feder hin ansteigend verläuft. Hierdurch kann ein zu verlegendes Paneel besonders einfach mit seiner Feder an ein bereits verlegtes Paneel schräg angesetzt und anschließend eingeschwenkt werden.The locking on the longitudinal sides by tongue and groove is additionally facilitated when the bottom of the spring to the free end of the spring is rising towards. As a result, a panel to be laid can be attached particularly easily with its spring to an already laid panel at an angle and then pivoted.

Während der Schwenkbewegung beim Verlegen eines Paneelelementes soll ein Rastpunkt überwunden werden. Dieser Rastpunkt stellt nach erfolgter Verlegung die zuverlässige Beibehaltung der Lage der verlegten Paneelelemente sicher. Um eine möglichst sanfte Rastcharakteristik zu erzielen und damit das Verlegen zu vereinfachen, ist vorteilhaft vorgesehen, diesen Rastpunkt zwischen der Rippe einerseits und dem Haltekanal andererseits auszubilden, wobei der Haltekanal im Bereich dieses Rastpunktes mit einem möglichst großen Radius verrundet ist, so dass sich kein plötzlich ansteigender, sondern ein sich möglichst sanft aufbauender, zu überwindender Rastdruck ergibt.During the pivoting movement when laying a panel element, a detent point is to be overcome. This locking point ensures the reliable maintenance of the position of the laid panel elements after installation. In order to achieve the smoothest possible latching characteristic and thus simplify the laying, it is advantageously provided to form this latching point between the rib on the one hand and the retaining channel on the other hand, wherein the retaining channel is rounded in the region of this locking point with the largest possible radius, so that no sudden increasing, but results in a gently as possible building, to be overcome latching pressure.

Vorteilhaft ist vorgesehen, die Längsnut des Paneelelementes an das rechte Ende der stirnseitigen Nut anschließen zu lassen, wobei die Begriffe "rechts" und "links" bei Betrachtung von oben und von außerhalb, also nicht vom Mittelpunkt des Paneelelementes aus, auf ein verlegefertig ausgerichtetes, mit seiner Dekorseite nach oben weisendes Paneelelement gewählt sind. Diese Nutanordnung ist für die übliche Verlegeweise der Paneelelemente unüblich und überraschend, denn üblicherweise schließt sich die Längsnut eines Paneelelementes an das linke Ende der stirnseitigen Nut an:It is advantageously provided to allow the longitudinal groove of the panel element to be connected to the right-hand end of the frontal groove, the terms "right" and "left" being considered from above and from outside, ie not from the center of the panel element, to a ready-to-lay aligned, with its decorative side facing upwards Panel element are selected. This groove arrangement is unusual and surprising for the usual way of laying the panel elements, because usually the longitudinal groove of a panel element adjoins the left end of the frontal groove:

Die übliche Verlegesystematik, wie sie von professionellen Fußbodenverlegern durchgeführt wird und wie sie aus den Verlegeanleitungen handelsüblicher Fußboden-Paneelsysteme bekannt ist, sieht vor, dass von einer bestimmte Raumecke ausgehend der Bodenbelag verlegt wird. Um eine zuverlässige Verbindung zweier benachbarter Paneelelemente zu erreichen, muss üblicherweise eine gewisse Presskraft ausgeübt werden. Hierzu wird üblicherweise ein Schlagklotz verwendet, der auf die Nutkante des neu zu verlegenden Paneelelementes gesetzt wird und der den mittels eines Hammers ausgeübten Schlag aufnehmen und verteilen soll, so dass das neu zu verlegende Paneelelement mit seiner Feder in die Nut eines bereits verlegten Paneelelementes eingepreßt wird.The usual installation system, as it is carried out by professional floor installers and as it is known from the laying instructions of commercially available floor panel systems, provides that from a certain corner of the room, the floor covering is laid. In order to achieve a reliable connection of two adjacent panel elements, usually a certain pressing force must be exerted. For this purpose, a pad is usually used, which is placed on the groove edge of the newly laid panel element and is to absorb and distribute the impact exerted by a hammer, so that the newly laid panel element is pressed with its spring into the groove of an already laid panel element ,

In der Praxis ist nicht auszuschließen, insbesondere bei der Verlegung des Fußbodens durch Laien, dass der Schlagklotz verkantet an die Nutkante angesetzt wird, so dass hier die Gefahr einer unzulässig hohen Kantenpressung durch den Schlag besteht. Als Folge kann die Kante des Paneelelementes verformt und Oberfläche beschädigt werden, so dass sich an der verformten Stelle eine unerwünschte Fuge ergeben kann oder dort eine nach oben ragende Stoßkante entsteht. Zudem kann dort der erwünschte Feuchtigkeitsschutz des Fußbodens gefährdet werden.In practice, it can not be ruled out, especially in the laying of the floor by laymen, that the impact block is tilted to the edge of the groove, so that there is the danger of an inadmissibly high edge pressure caused by the impact. As a result, the edge of the panel element may be deformed and the surface damaged so that an undesirable seam may result at the deformed location or there may be an upwardly projecting butt edge. In addition, the desired moisture protection of the floor can be endangered there.

Durch die hier vorgeschlagene Geometrie wird eine unübliche Verlegesystematik begünstigt, bei der unter Beibehaltung der üblichen Verlegerichtung der Schlagklotz nicht an die Nutkante, sondern an die Federkante des Paneelelementes angesetzt wird. Die durch den Schlag aufzubringenden Presskräfte, um die beiden Paneelelemente miteinander zu verrasten, sind nicht so groß, dass Verformungen der Feder zu erwarten sind, welche die Verbindung der beiden Paneelelemente behindern könnten. In jedem Fall wird bei Ansetzen eines Schlagklotzes an die Feder die Oberfläche des Paneelelementes nicht in Mitleidenschaft gezogen, so dass die gewünschte Oberflächenqualität des Fußbodenbelages zuverlässig sichergestellt ist.Due to the geometry proposed here an unusual laying system is favored, while maintaining the usual laying direction of the impact block is not attached to the groove edge, but to the spring edge of the panel element. The pressing forces to be applied by the impact in order to lock the two panel elements together are not so great that deformations of the spring are to be expected, which could hinder the connection of the two panel elements. In any case, the surface of the panel element is not affected when applying a pad to the spring, so that the desired surface quality of the floor covering is reliably ensured.

Für die stirnseitige Verriegelung wird eine Ausführungsform bevorzugt, bei der die stirnseitige Nut und die stirnseitige Feder jeweils eine vorzugsweise schlitzförmige Aussparung aufweisen, wobei die Aussparungen im endgültigen Verlegezustand derart zueinander gerichtet sind, dass eine Fremdfeder einschiebbar ist. Durch diese Fremdfeder sind in diesem Fall zwei an den Stirnseiten aneinander angrenzende Paneele gegen ein Abheben gesichert.For the frontal locking an embodiment is preferred in which the end-side groove and the end-side spring each have a preferably slot-shaped recess, wherein the recesses are directed in the final installation state to each other such that a foreign spring can be inserted. By this foreign spring two adjacent to each other at the end faces panels are secured against lifting in this case.

Alternativ wurden bei einer Ausführungsform gute Erfahrungen gemacht, bei der die stirnseitige Feder mit zumindest einem hakenartigen Vorsprung versehen ist, der vorzugsweise an einer oder beiden Seitenwänden der Feder ausgebildet ist. Die Haken können als Rasthaken gestaltet sein, wobei sie in der Einführrichtung schräg gestaltet sind, und ein weitgehend parallel zur Verlegeebene ausgerichteter Vorsprung ein Abheben verhindert. Alternativ können derartige Vorsprünge selbstverständlich auch an den Seitenflanken der stirnseitigen Nut ausgebildet sein.Alternatively, good experiences have been made in one embodiment, in which the end-face spring is provided with at least one hook-like projection, which is preferably formed on one or both side walls of the spring. The hooks can be designed as latching hooks, wherein they are designed obliquely in the insertion direction, and prevents a substantially parallel to the laying plane aligned projection lifting. Alternatively, such projections may of course also be formed on the side flanks of the frontal groove.

Schließlich wurden bei einer Ausführungsform gute Ergebnisse erhalten, bei der die Feder, bevorzugt an ihrem Ende, mit zumindest einer Ausbauchung oder einer Wulst versehen ist, die in in geeigneter Weise ausgesparte Bereiche an den Kanten des Nutengrundes der stirnseitigen Nut aufgenommen werden kann. Um zusätzliche Elastizität für eine derartige Verriegelung zu schaffen, können diese Aussparungen größer ausgebildet sein als die Ausbauchungen der Feder.Finally, in one embodiment good results have been obtained in which the spring, preferably at its end, is provided with at least one bulge or bead which can be received in suitably recessed areas at the edges of the groove bottom of the face groove. To provide additional elasticity for such locking, these recesses may be formed larger than the bulges of the spring.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Nachfolgend werden beispielhaft in den Zeichnungen dargestellte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt durch den Bereich der Nut- und Federausbildung der Längsseiten zweier miteinander verbundener, benachbarter Paneelelemente,
Fig. 2 und 3
die Verbindung der Längsseiten der beiden Paneelelemente von Fig. 1 in verschiedenen Verlegestadien,
Fig. 4
eine schematische, detailarme und perspektivische Ansicht auf die Oberseite eines Paneelelementes,
Fig. 5 und 6
jeweils einen Querschnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer stirnseitigen Nut- bzw. Federausgestaltung eines Paneelelementes, und
Fig. 7 bis 13
jeweils einen Querschnitt weiterer Ausführungsbeispiele stirnseitiger Verbindungen zwischen Paneelelementen.
Embodiments of the invention illustrated by way of example in the drawings will be explained in more detail below. Show it:
Fig. 1
a cross section through the region of the tongue and groove formation of the longitudinal sides of two interconnected, adjacent panel elements,
FIGS. 2 and 3
the connection of the longitudinal sides of the two panel elements of Fig. 1 in different laying stages,
Fig. 4
a schematic, detail and perspective view on the top of a panel element,
FIGS. 5 and 6
in each case a cross section through an embodiment of an end-side tongue or spring design of a panel element, and
Fig. 7 to 13
in each case a cross section of further embodiments of end-side connections between panel elements.

Ausführliche Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen der ErfindungDetailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention

In Fig. 1 sind mit 1 zwei gleichartige Paneelelemente bezeichnet, wobei das eine Paneelelement 1 eine Nut 2 aufweist und das andere Paneelelement 1 eine Feder 3, welche sich in die Nut 2 des benachbarten Paneelelementes 1 erstreckt. Die Materialstärke der Paneelelemente 1 beträgt überhalb der Nut 2 bzw. oberhalb der Feder 3 geringfügig mehr als unterhalb der Nut 2 bzw. der Feder 3, so dass Druckbelastungen durch Personen oder Möbel vergleichsweise gut aufgefangen werden können und die Nut- und Federverbindung möglichst wenig belasten.In Fig. 1 are denoted by 1 two similar panel elements, wherein the one panel element 1 has a groove 2 and the other panel element 1, a spring 3, which extends into the groove 2 of the adjacent panel element 1. The material thickness of the panel elements 1 is above the groove 2 or above the spring 3 slightly more than below the groove 2 and the spring 3, so that pressure loads by persons or furniture can be collected comparatively well and burden the tongue and groove as little as possible ,

Gegen nach oben abhebende Kräfte sind die beiden Paneelelemente 1 durch den Verzahnungseffekt von Nut 2 einerseits und Feder 3 andererseits gesichert, ebenso gegenüber nach unten wirkenden Druckkräften zusätzlich zu der Abstützung der Paneelelemente 1 durch den Untergrund, auf dem diese beiden Paneelelemente 1 verlegt sind.Against upwardly lifting forces the two panel elements 1 are secured by the toothing effect of groove 2 on the one hand and spring 3 on the other hand, as well as downwardly acting compressive forces in addition to the support of the panel elements 1 through the substrate on which these two panel elements 1 are laid.

Gegen Trennkräfte, die quer zur Längsrichtung der Paneelelemente 1 wirken, sind die Paneelelemente 1 durch eine Berührungsfläche 4 gesichert. Entlang dieser Berührungsfläche 4 liegt eine Rippe 5, die an der Unterseite der Feder 3 ausgebildet ist, an der Seitenwand eines Haltekanales 6 an.Against separating forces acting transversely to the longitudinal direction of the panel elements 1, the panel elements 1 are secured by a contact surface 4. Along this contact surface 4 is a rib 5, which is formed on the underside of the spring 3, on the side wall of a retaining channel 6 at.

Die zu diesen Trennkräften entgegengesetzt wirkenden Kräfte, die die beiden Paneelelemente 1 gegeneinander zu schieben bestrebt sind, werden durch eine Berührungsfläche 7 aufgefangen, an der die beiden Paneelelemente 1 aneinander anliegen und die sich von der Oberkante der beiden Paneelelemente 1 nach unten erstreckt.The opposing forces acting on these separation forces, which push the two panel elements 1 against each other are eager, are collected by a contact surface 7, against which the two panel elements 1 abut each other and extending from the upper edge of the two panel elements 1 down.

In dem aus Fig. 1 ersichtlichen, verlegten Zustand ergeben sich vier Kontaktstellen 8a bis 8d, wobei die Kontaktstelle 8c mit der Berührungsfläche 4 identisch ist. Durch diese vier Kontaktstellen 8a bis 8d sind die beiden Paneelelemente 1 hinsichtlich trennender oder abwinkelnder Kräfte fixiert, so dass lediglich eine Parallelverschiebung der beiden Paneelelemente 1 in ihrer Längsrichtung gegeneinander möglich ist, ohne zusätzliche Haltekräfte überwinden zu müssen.In the laid-off state shown in FIG. 1, four contact points 8a to 8d result, the contact point 8c being identical to the contact surface 4. Through these four contact points 8a to 8d, the two panel elements 1 are fixed with respect to separating or angling forces, so that only a parallel displacement of the two panel elements 1 in their longitudinal direction against each other is possible without having to overcome additional holding forces.

In Fig. 1 ist eine leimfreie Verbindung der beiden Paneelelemente 1 dargestellt. Eine Ausnehmung 9 oberhalb der Feder 3 und unterhalb der oberen Berührungsfläche 7 kann jedoch als Leimaufnahmekanal dienen, um überschüssigen Leim aufzunehmen, falls die beiden Paneelelemente 1 mit Hilfe von Leim dauerhaft und fugenversiegelnd miteinander verbunden werden sollen.In Fig. 1, a glue-free connection of the two panel elements 1 is shown. However, a recess 9 above the spring 3 and below the upper contact surface 7 can serve as a glue receiving channel to receive excess glue, if the two panel elements 1 are to be permanently and joint-sealingly connected to each other by means of glue.

Fig. 2 zeigt die beiden Paneelelemente 1 während der Verlegung. Dabei ist das linke Paneelelement 1, von dem die Nut 2 sichtbar ist, bereits verlegt. Das zweite Paneelelement 1 wird mit seiner Feder 3 schräg an die Seitenkante des ersten Paneelelementes 1 angesetzt und dabei wird die Feder 3 möglichst weit in die Nut 2 eingeführt. Dies wird dadurch erleichtert, dass die Nut 2 eine Oberkante 10 aufweist, die zur Mündung der Nut 2 hin ansteigend verläuft und auf diese Weise einen insbesondere aus Fig. 1 ersichtlichen Einführungskanal 11 bildet.Fig. 2 shows the two panel elements 1 during installation. In this case, the left panel element 1, of which the groove 2 is visible, already laid. The second panel element 1 is attached with its spring 3 obliquely to the side edge of the first panel element 1 and thereby the spring 3 is inserted as far as possible into the groove 2. This is facilitated by the fact that the groove 2 has an upper edge 10, which rises towards the mouth of the groove 2 and in this way forms an insertion channel 11 which can be seen in particular from FIG.

Ebenso weist die Feder 3 eine Unterseite 12 auf, die zum freien Ende der Feder 3 hin abgeschrägt ist, also ansteigend verläuft, so dass das rechte Paneelelement 1 in seiner aus Fig. 2 ersichtlichen Schrägstellung möglichst weit in die Nut 2 eingeführt werden kann. Diese Einführbewegung wird einerseits durch den Kontakt der Feder 3 mit den oberen und unteren Begrenzungskanten der Nut 2 begrenzt und andererseits durch einen Kontakt der beiden Paneelelemente 1 im Bereich ihrer oberen Berührungsfläche 7.Likewise, the spring 3 has an underside 12 which is chamfered towards the free end of the spring 3, that is rising, so that the right panel element 1 can be inserted as far as possible into the groove 2 in its apparent from Fig. 2 inclined position. This insertion movement is limited on the one hand by the contact of the spring 3 with the upper and lower boundary edges of the groove 2 and on the other hand by contact of the two panel elements 1 in the region of their upper contact surface. 7

In Fig. 3 ist das rechte Paneelelement 1 gegenüber Fig. 2 flacher und weniger steil abgewinkelt, so dass es weiter in die Nut 2 eingeführt werden konnte. Die Rippe 5 gelangt dabei mit ihrer abgerundeten Unterkante gegen einen Abschnitt 14, der zwischen dem Haltekanal 6 und der Seitenkante des Paneelelementes 1 verläuft. Der Übergang von diesem Abschnitt 14 zu dem Haltekanal 6 verläuft mit einem vergleichsweise großen Radius: Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel entspricht der Radius dieser Verrundung etwa der halben Breite des Haltekanales 6 bzw. der halben Breite des Materials unterhalb des Abschnittes 14.In Fig. 3, the right panel member 1 is compared with Fig. 2 shallower and less steeply angled, so that it could be further introduced into the groove 2. The rib 5 passes with its rounded lower edge against a portion 14 which extends between the retaining channel 6 and the side edge of the panel element 1. The transition from this section 14 to the retaining channel 6 runs with a comparatively large radius: in the illustrated embodiment, the radius of this rounding corresponds to approximately half the width of the retaining channel 6 or half the width of the material below the section 14.

Durch diese "sanfte" Verrundung zwischen dem Abschnitt 14 und dem Haltekanal 6 baut sich beim weiteren Einführen der Feder 3 in die Nut 2 langsam ein Rastdruck auf, der beim Verlegen des rechten Paneelelementes 1 überwunden werden muss, bis die beiden Paneelelemente dann in ihrer aus Fig. 1 ersichtlichen, miteinander verbundenen Form angeordnet sind. In diesem verlegten Zustand liegen die beiden Paneelelemente 1 einander spielfrei, aber auch spannungsfrei an, wobei die Rippe 5 spannungsfrei in dem Haltekanal 6 aufgenommnen ist. Der zum Abheben des verlegten Paneelelementes 1 erneut zu überwindende Rastdruck sichert den Verbund der beiden Paneelelemente 1. Es ist zu ergänzen, dass die Verriegelungskonturen derart gestaltet sind, dass an der aufzunehmenden Feder 3 ein Übermaß ausgebildet ist. Mit anderen Worten ist die Abmessung an dem Paneel, das die Feder 3 aufweist, zwischen der Berührfläche 7 und dem gemäß Fig. 1 rechten Rand der Rippe 5, also der Kontaktstelle 8c, größer als das entsprechende Maß an dem Paneel, das die Nut aufweist, also die Abmessung zwischen der Berührstelle 7 und derjenigen Stelle des Haltekanales 6, an dem die dritte Kontaktstelle 8c ausgebildet ist. Es sei ergänzt, dass der Haltekanal insgesamt leicht gerundet ausgebildet ist, und dass auch die Unterseite der Rippe 5 gerundet ist. Die dritte Kontaktstelle 8c ist jedoch derart vorgesehen, dass die Tangente daran zumindest weitgehend vertikal ausgerichtet ist, so dass hierdurch die Paneele in der horizontalen Richtung bezüglich einander positioniert werden. Auch die Kontaktstelle 8d ist in der Umgebung des Haltekanales 6 an einem gerundeten Bereich ausgebildet. Die Tangente daran ist jedoch bei dem gezeigten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel weitgehend horizontal, allgemein unter einem Winkel zur dritten Kontaktstelle 8c ausgerichtet, so dass die Paneele in vertikaler Richtung bezüglich einander positioniert werden, und ein Lösen und Höhenunterschiede auch bei einem unebenen Untergrund verhindert werden.As a result of this "gentle" rounding between the section 14 and the retaining channel 6, a latching pressure slowly builds up during the further insertion of the spring 3 into the groove 2, which must be overcome when the right panel element 1 is laid, until the two panel elements are then in their position Fig. 1 apparent, interconnected form are arranged. In this laid state, the two panel elements 1 are mutually free of play, but also stress-free, wherein the rib 5 is absorbed tension in the retaining channel 6. The latching pressure to be overcome again to lift off the laid panel element 1 secures the combination of the two Panel elements 1. It should be added that the locking contours are designed such that an oversize is formed on the male spring 3. In other words, the dimension on the panel comprising the spring 3 between the contact surface 7 and the right-hand edge of the rib 5, ie the contact point 8c, as shown in FIG. 1, is greater than the corresponding dimension on the panel having the groove , So the dimension between the contact point 7 and that point of the holding channel 6, on which the third contact point 8c is formed. It should be added that the retaining channel is formed slightly rounded overall, and that the bottom of the rib 5 is rounded. However, the third pad 8c is provided such that the tangent thereon is oriented at least substantially vertically, thereby positioning the panels in the horizontal direction with respect to each other. Also, the pad 8d is formed in the vicinity of the holding channel 6 at a rounded portion. However, in the preferred embodiment shown, the tangent thereto is largely horizontal, generally oriented at an angle to the third contact point 8c, so that the panels are positioned vertically with respect to each other, and release and height differences are prevented even on an uneven ground.

Aus Fig. 4 ist in einer rein schematischen und perspektivischen Darstellung ein Paneelelement 1 ersichtlich, mit jeweils einer längsverlaufenden Nut 2 bzw. Feder 3. Das Paneelelement 1 ist verlegefertig ausgerichtet, also mit seiner Sicht- oder Dekorseite nach oben. Auch an den Stirnseiten ist dieses Paneelelement 1 mit einer stirnseitigen Nut 15 und einer stirnseitigen Feder 16 versehen. Die längsverlaufende Nut 2 schließt dabei, in der Betrachtungsrichtung "B" von oben und außerhalb des Paneelelementes 1 gesehen, an das rechte Ende der stirnseitigen Nut 15 an. Auf diese Weise wird unter Beibehaltung der üblichen Verlege-Richtung des Bodenbelages eine Verlegesystematik ermöglicht, bei der, falls mit einem Schlagklotz gearbeitet wird, dieser Schlagklotz nicht an die Seitenkante des Paneelelementes 1 angesetzt wird, an der sich die Nut 2 befindet. Vielmehr kann der Schlagklotz unmittelbar an die Feder 3 angesetzt werden, so dass selbst bei Verkantungen des Schlagklotzes Beschädigungen der Oberfläche des Paneelelementes 1 zuverlässig ausgeschlossen werden können.From Fig. 4 is a purely schematic and perspective view of a panel element 1 can be seen, each with a longitudinal groove 2 and spring 3. The panel element 1 is aligned ready for laying, so with his visual or decorative side up. Also on the front sides of this panel element 1 is provided with an end-side groove 15 and a front-side spring 16. The longitudinal groove 2 closes, in the Viewing direction "B" seen from above and outside the panel element 1, to the right end of the frontal groove 15 at. In this way, while maintaining the usual installation direction of the floor covering a laying system allows in which, if worked with a block impact, this block is not attached to the side edge of the panel element 1, where the groove 2 is located. Rather, the impact block can be applied directly to the spring 3, so that even with tilting of the impact block damage to the surface of the panel element 1 can be reliably excluded.

Die korrespondierenden Hinterschneidungen der längsseitigen Nut 2 bzw. Feder 3, also insbesondere die Ausgestaltung der Rippe 5 und des Haltekanales 6, können ggf. so stark gewählt sein, dass ein problemloses horizontales Ineinanderschieben in der Verlege-Ebene nicht vorgesehen ist. Demgegenüber sind derartig stark ausgeprägte Hinterschneidungen bei der stirnseitigen Nut- und Federgeometrie nicht vorgesehen, so dass bei dieser Variante durch eine Verschiebung zweier benachbarter Paneelelemente 1 längs zueinander die Stirnseite des verschobenen Paneelelementes 1 mit einem weiteren, dritten Paneelelement 1 verbunden werden kann.The corresponding undercuts of the longitudinal groove 2 or spring 3, so in particular the design of the rib 5 and the retaining channel 6, may possibly be chosen so strong that a smooth horizontal telescoping in the laying plane is not provided. In contrast, such pronounced undercuts in the frontal groove and spring geometry are not provided, so that in this variant by a displacement of two adjacent panel elements 1 along each other, the front side of the displaced panel element 1 with a further, third panel element 1 can be connected.

Die Fig. 5 und 6 zeigen eine erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der stirnseitigen Nut 15 und der stirnseitigen Feder 16: Die Feder 16b erstreckt sich nicht in der horizontalen Ebene des Paneelelementes 1, sondern etwa senkrecht zu dieser Ebene nach unten. Die korrespondierende Nut 15b mündet dementsprechend nach oben zur Aufnahme der Feder 16b.5 and 6 show an inventive embodiment of the frontal groove 15 and the frontal spring 16: The spring 16b does not extend in the horizontal plane of the panel element 1, but approximately perpendicular to this plane down. The corresponding groove 15b accordingly opens up to receive the spring 16b.

Bei einer derartigen Ausgestaltung der stirnseitigen Nut 15b und Feder 16b wird eine Verlegemethode gewählt, bei der das zu verlegende Paneelelement 1 schräg an bereits verlegte Paneelelemente angesetzt wird und dann in der beschriebenen Weise nach unten verschwenkt wird. Anschließend wird dieses Paneelelement jedoch nicht mehr horizontal verschoben. Vielmehr wird das Paneelelement mit seiner Stirnseite von vornherein mit der Stirnseite eines bereits verlegten Paneelelementes 1 überlappend angeordnet, so dass beim Herabschwenken des zu verlegenden Paneelelementes dessen Stirnseite mit der Feder 16b in die Nut 15b der Stirnseite eines bereits verlegten Paneelelementes 1 eintaucht. Wenn auch die Bewegung des abgesenkten Paneelelementes 1 genau genommen eine Schwenkbewegung ist, so kann doch die Verzahnung von Nut 15b und Feder 16b im wesentlichen als eine Absenkbewegung beschrieben werden, die quer zur Fläche des Paneelelementes 1 erfolgt.In such a configuration of the end-side groove 15b and spring 16b, a laying method is selected in which the panel element 1 to be laid is applied obliquely to already laid panel elements and is then pivoted downwardly in the manner described. Subsequently, however, this panel element is no longer moved horizontally. Rather, the panel element is arranged with its front side from the outset with the front side of an already laid panel element 1 overlapping, so that when pivoting down the panel element to be laid whose end face with the spring 16b dips into the groove 15b of the front side of an already laid panel element 1. Although the movement of the lowered panel element 1, strictly speaking, is a pivoting movement, the teeth of groove 15b and spring 16b can essentially be described as a lowering movement, which takes place transversely to the surface of the panel element 1.

Dabei weist die Nut 15b eine Hinterschneidung auf und die Feder 16b ist mit entsprechenden Vorsprüngen konturiert, im dargestellten, rein schematischen Ausführungsbeispiel durch eine leicht ballige Kontur, so dass nach Überwindung einer Rastkraft, mit der die Feder 16b in die Nut 15b gepresst wird, Haltekräfte aufgebaut werden können, die ein verlegtes Paneelelement 1 auch in seinem Stirnbereich gegen abhebende Kräfte sichern und eine von Stoßkanten freie, glatte Bodenoberfläche auch im Bereich der Trennstellen an den Stirnkanten zweier benachbarter Paneelelemente ermöglichen.In this case, the groove 15b has an undercut and the spring 16b is contoured with corresponding projections, in the illustrated, purely schematic embodiment by a slightly convex contour, so that after overcoming a latching force with which the spring 16b is pressed into the groove 15b, holding forces can be constructed, which secure a laid panel element 1 in its frontal area against lifting forces and allow free from impact edges, smooth floor surface in the region of the separation points on the front edges of two adjacent panel elements.

Die in den Fig. 5 und 6 dargestellte, rein schematische und ballig dargestellte Konturierung von Feder 16b und Nut 15b ermöglicht unter Überwindung der entsprechenden Rastkräfte die zerstörungsfreie Demontage der Paneelelemente 1 und das Lösen ihres stirnseitigen Verbundes. Insbesondere wenn die Feder 16b an ihrer Unterseite vergleichsweise sanft divergiert und weiter oben in einem stärkeren Maße wieder zusammenläuft, kann vorgesehen sein, dass ein vergleichsweise leichtes Einführen der Feder 16b in die Nut 15b ermöglicht wird und demgegenüber erheblich höhere Haltekräfte, die allerdings auch eine Demontage der beiden Paneelelemente 1 erschweren. In diesem Fall kann vorgesehen sein, die Stirnseiten nicht durch Überwinden der Rastkräfte voneinander zu trennen, sondern durch eine Verschiebe-Bewegung, bei der Nut 15b und Feder 16b in ihrer Längsrichtung gegeneinander verschoben werden.The contouring of spring 16b and groove 15b, shown purely schematically and crowned in FIGS. 5 and 6, enables the destruction-free dismantling of the panel elements 1 and overcoming the corresponding latching forces Loosening of their frontal bond. In particular, when the spring 16b comparatively gently diverges on its underside and converges further up to a greater extent, it can be provided that a comparatively easy insertion of the spring 16b into the groove 15b is made possible and, on the other hand, considerably higher holding forces, which, however, also disassemble complicate the two panel elements 1. In this case, it may be provided not to separate the end faces by overcoming the latching forces, but by a sliding movement, are displaced in the longitudinal direction against each other in the groove 15b and spring 16b.

Die Nut 15b weist vorteilhaft einen größeren freien Querschnitt auf als es dem Querschnitt der Feder 16b ermöglicht, so dass die Feder 16b spannungsfrei oder mit einer nach unten wirksamen Vorspannung innerhalb der Nut 15b gehalten werden kann und auch bei gewissen maßlichen Toleranzen der Feder 16b sichergestellt ist, dass keine Druckstellen zwischen der Feder 16b und der Nut 15b vorkommen können, die die Feder 16b nach oben drücken und ggf. für eine Stoßkante im Bereich der Trennstelle zwischen den beiden Stirnseiten benachbarter Paneelelemente sorgen könnten. Stattdessen ist vorteilhaft ausschließlich ein Kontakt im jeweils oberen Bereich zwischen der Nut 15b und der Feder 16b vorgesehen, so dass die Feder 16b zuverlässig aufgrund der Hinterschneidung der Nut 15b in dieser Nut 15b gehalten wird.The groove 15b advantageously has a larger free cross section than the cross section of the spring 16b allows, so that the spring 16b can be held without tension or with a downward effective bias within the groove 15b and is ensured even with certain dimensional tolerances of the spring 16b in that no pressure points can occur between the spring 16b and the groove 15b, which push the spring 16b upwards and could possibly provide an abutting edge in the region of the separation point between the two end faces of adjacent panel elements. Instead, only one contact is advantageously provided in each upper region between the groove 15b and the spring 16b, so that the spring 16b is reliably held in this groove 15b due to the undercut of the groove 15b.

In den Fig. 7 bis 13 sind weitere Alternativen der erfindungsgemäßen Verriegelungskonturen an den Stirnseiten gezeigt, die sich allgemein als Nut 15b und Feder 16b bezeichnen lassen. Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 7 ist die Feder 16b als nach unten vorstehender Steg an einer Lippe ausgebildet, die am oberen Rand des rechts zu erkennenden Paneels ausgebildet ist. Die Feder 16b gelangt beim Herabschwenken des rechts dargestellten Paneels in die Nut 15b. Bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel erfolgt die endgültige Verriegelung durch eine parallel zu der Stirnseite eingeschobene Fremdfeder 17, die teilweise in einer Seite der Feder und teilweise in einer Nutflanke aufgenommen ist. In dieser Weise kann das rechts zu erkennende, nach dem links zu erkennenden Paneel verlegte Paneel mit seiner Stirnseite mit dem benachbarten Paneel verriegelt werden. Für die Sicherung in einer (gemäß Fig. 7) seitlichen Richtung sorgt die Nut-Feder-Verbindung, und gegen ein Abheben sind die Paneele durch die Fremdfeder 17 gesichert.FIGS. 7 to 13 show further alternatives of the locking contours according to the invention on the end faces, which can be generally referred to as groove 15b and spring 16b. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, the spring 16b is as downwardly projecting web on a lip formed, which is formed at the upper edge of the right to be recognized panel. The spring 16b reaches the groove 15b when pivoting down the panel shown on the right. In the embodiment shown, the final locking is effected by a parallel to the front side inserted foreign spring 17, which is partially received in one side of the spring and partially in a groove flank. In this way, the right-to-be-seen, laid to the left-facing panel panel can be locked with its front side with the adjacent panel. For securing in a (according to FIG. 7) lateral direction provides the tongue and groove connection, and against lifting the panels are secured by the foreign spring 17.

Bei der Ausführungsform von Fig. 8 erfolgt die Sicherung gegen seitlich verschiebende Kräfte ebenfalls durch die Nut-Feder-Verbindung, wobei in diesem Fall die Feder an dem vorderen Ende der Lippe ausgebildet ist. Diese weist ferner zwei schräge Flanken-auf, die in schräg ausgebildeten Flanken der Nut 15b aufgenommen sind. Das rechte Paneel kann somit nicht angehoben werden, ohne es zumindest geringfügig nach rechts zu verschieben. Dies verhindert jedoch bereits ein Abheben des Paneels, so dass auch bei dieser Ausführungsform die beiden Paneele in sämtlichen Richtungen untrennbar miteinander verbunden sind.In the embodiment of Fig. 8, the securing against laterally displacing forces also takes place through the tongue and groove connection, in which case the spring is formed at the front end of the lip. This also has two oblique flanks-which are received in obliquely formed flanks of the groove 15b. Thus, the right panel can not be raised without at least slightly shifting it to the right. However, this already prevents lifting of the panel, so that also in this embodiment, the two panels are inextricably linked in all directions.

Bei der Ausführungsform von Fig. 9 wird die Sicherung gegen ein Abheben dadurch erreicht, dass die Feder 16b einerseits eine schräge Flanke aufweist. Andererseits sind an der gerade ausgebildeten Flanke in dem gezeigten Fall mehrere hakenartige Vorsprünge 18 vorhanden, die ein Abheben des rechts zu erkennenden Paneels verhindern. Mit anderen Worten verhindern die in der Art eines Wider- oder Rasthakens ausgebildeten Vorsprünge 18, dass sich die gerade Nutflanke an diesen vorbeibewegt, um das rechte Paneel anzuheben.In the embodiment of Fig. 9, the protection against lifting is achieved in that the spring 16b on the one hand has an oblique edge. On the other hand, a plurality of hook-like projections 18 are present on the flank just formed in the case shown, which prevent lifting of the right to be recognized panel. In other words, prevent them in the manner of a detention or latching hook formed protrusions 18 that the straight groove flank moves past them to lift the right panel.

Bei der Ausführungsform von Fig. 10 wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass die Feder 16b zwar zwei weitgehend gerade Flanken aufweist, deren vordere Enden jedoch etwas ballig gestaltet sind oder Wülste aufweisen. Die Nut 15b ist dementsprechend in den Eckbereichen zumindest geringfügig ausgespart, so dass eine Hinterschneidung 20 entsteht, in welche die Verbreiterungen der Feder einrasten können.In the embodiment of FIG. 10, this is achieved in that the spring 16b has two substantially straight flanks, but whose front ends are somewhat convex or have beads. The groove 15b is accordingly at least slightly recessed in the corner regions, so that an undercut 20 is formed, in which the widenings of the spring can engage.

Die Ausführungsform von Fig. 11 ist zu derjenigen von Fig. 9 ähnlich gestaltet, wobei die Feder und die Nut zwei gerade Flanken aufweisen, und an der Feder an beiden Flanken Vorsprünge 18 ausgebildet sind, welche das rechts zu erkennende Paneel in der verlegten Stellung halten und gegen ein Abheben sichern.The embodiment of Fig. 11 is similar to that of Fig. 9, wherein the spring and the groove have two straight flanks, and on the spring on both flanks projections 18 are formed, which hold the panel to be recognized right in the laid position and secure against picking up.

In Fig. 12 ist eine zu der Ausführungsform von Fig. 10 ähnliche Ausführungsform gezeigt, wobei die Ausbauchung 19 oder die ballige Rundung an dem vorderen Ende des Federelements nur für eine Flanke vorgesehen ist, und dementsprechend die Nut nur in einem Eckbereich eine Aussparung 20 aufweist, in der diese ballige Ausbildung aufgenommen werden kann. Die Aussparung 20 ist darüber hinaus, wie im Fall der Ausführungsform von Fig. 10, etwas tiefer gestaltet als für die Ausbauchung der Feder notwendig, um den umgebenden Bereich mit einer gewissen Nachgiebigkeit zu versehen und ein federndes Einrasten zu ermöglichen.In Fig. 12, an embodiment similar to the embodiment of Fig. 10 is shown, wherein the bulge 19 or the spherical rounding is provided at the front end of the spring element only for a flank, and accordingly the groove has a recess 20 only in a corner region in which this spherical training can be recorded. The recess 20 is also, as in the case of the embodiment of Fig. 10, designed somewhat deeper than necessary for the bulge of the spring to provide the surrounding area with a certain flexibility and to allow a resilient engagement.

Bei der Ausführungsform von Fig. 13 wird schließlich eine Sicherung gegen Abheben dadurch gewährleistet, dass die Feder und die Nut derart zueinander bemessen sind, dass die Feder etwas breiter ist als die aufzunehmende Nut, so dass im verlegten Zustand eine Presspassung entsteht, welche die beiden Paneele sicher aneinander hält. Hierdurch ist auch in diesem Fall das rechts zu erkennende Paneel an seiner Stirnseite gegen ein Abheben gesichert.In the embodiment of Fig. 13, a backup against lifting is finally ensured by the fact that the spring and the groove are dimensioned to each other that the spring slightly wider than the male groove, so that in the installed state creates a press fit, which holds the two panels together securely. As a result, the panel to be recognized on the right is secured against picking up in this case as well.

Claims (9)

  1. Panel elements (1) of the same type connectable to one another to construct a floor covering having the following characteristics:
    - each panel element has an upper surface and a lower surface;
    - two first sides of each panel element (1) designated as longitudinal sides have on one side a groove (2) oriented largely parallel to the upper surface and on the other side a tongue (3) oriented largely parallel to the upper surface, wherein the tongue (3) has at its lower end a rib (5) running in the longitudinal direction of the tongue (3) and the groove (2) has at its lower end a holding channel (6) for accommodating the rib (5) of a neighbouring panel element (2);
    - the tongue (3) of a second panel element (1) set obliquely against the upper surface of a first panel element (1) of the same type is introducible into the groove (2) of the first panel element (1) so that the second panel element (1) is swivellable on the longitudinal edge and downwardly about the longitudinal edge into the laying plane of the already laid first panel element (1) in such a way that the tongue (3) of the second panel element (1) to be laid is introduced into the groove (2) of the already laid first panel element (1) and the rib (5) is accommodated in the holding channel (6);
    - the tongue (3) of a panel element (1) acts in conjunction with the groove (2) of the neighbouring panel element (1) of the same type in such a way that the two panel elements (1) joined to one another are secured against parting forces acting along the two axes running perpendicular to the longitudinal edge of the panel elements (1);
    characterised by the following further characteristics:
    - two second sides of each panel element (1) designated as end sides are provided with retaining means in the form of a groove (15b) on one side and of a tongue (16b) on the other side which form an end face interconnection of two neighbouring panel elements (1) and extend approximately perpendicular to the upper surface;
    - the end face grooves (15b) and tongues (16b) are connectable to one another by means of a lowering movement of the panel element (1) ensuing substantially transverse to the laying plane onto an already laid third panel element (1) of the same type so that the second panel element (1) is secured against lifting forces, that is to say forces oriented largely perpendicular to the laying plane;
    - the upper edge (10) of the groove (2) on the longitudinal side runs in ascending manner to the mouth of the groove (2) so that an entrance channel (11) for the tongue (3) of the second panel element (1) set obliquely against the upper surface is produced;
    - the groove (2) and tongue (3) on the longitudinal sides of two panel elements (1) joined to one another have four defined contact points (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d);
    - the strength of the material of a panel element (1) above the tongue (3) on the longitudinal side or the groove (2) on the longitudinal side is at least as great as the strength of the material of the panel element (1) below the tongue (3) on the longitudinal side or the groove (2) on the longitudinal side.
  2. Panel elements according to claim 1, characterised in that above the tongue (3) on the longitudinal side there is an upper contact surface (7) extending to the upper side of a panel element (1) and above the tongue (3) on the longitudinal side and below the contact surface (7) a recess (9) for accommodating extraneous substances such as glue is provided.
  3. Panel elements according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that two panel elements (1) of the same type connected to one another make contact with each other both at the upper contact surface (7) limiting pushing together of the panel elements (1) and also with the retaining channel (6) on one side and the rib (5) on the other side in such a way that this lower contact surface (4) formed in this way limits any pulling movement parting the two panel elements (1) in the laying plane of the floor, wherein the two contact surfaces (4, 7) bring about play-free fitting of the two panel elements (1) against one another.
  4. Panel elements according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lower side of the tongue (3) on the longitudinal side runs in ascending manner to the free end of the tongue (3) on the longitudinal side.
  5. Panel elements according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the transition from the holding channel (6) to the section (14) of the lower edge of the groove (2) extending between the holding channel (6) and the side edge of a panel element (1) runs in rounded manner with a comparatively large radius.
  6. Panel elements according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the groove (2) running along the longitudinal side of the panel element (1) adjoins the right-hand end of the end face groove (15b).
  7. Panel elements according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the end face groove (15b) and the end face tongue (16b) possess preferably slit-shaped recesses directed towards one another into which an extraneous tongue is slideable.
  8. Panel elements according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the end face tongue (16b) has at least one hook-like projection on at least one of its side surfaces.
  9. Panel elements according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the end face tongue (16b) has at least one convexity preferably constructed at its end and the end face groove (15b) has at least one recess preferably on the corner regions of the base of the groove.
EP01909620A 2000-01-13 2001-01-12 Panel elements Expired - Lifetime EP1246981B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP06015576A EP1722042A1 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-01-12 Panel elements for floor covering

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10001076A DE10001076C1 (en) 2000-01-13 2000-01-13 Panel element to construct floor covering; has groove and spring on opposite longitudinal sides and has groove and tongue on opposite end faces, to connect and secure adjacent panel elements
DE10001076 2000-01-13
PCT/EP2001/000359 WO2001051732A1 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-01-12 Panel element

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EP1246981B1 true EP1246981B1 (en) 2007-04-18

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EP06015576A Withdrawn EP1722042A1 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-01-12 Panel elements for floor covering
EP01909621A Expired - Lifetime EP1224365B1 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-01-12 Panel elements for floor covering

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EP01909621A Expired - Lifetime EP1224365B1 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-01-12 Panel elements for floor covering

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US (2) US6880307B2 (en)
EP (3) EP1246981B1 (en)
JP (2) JP3850292B2 (en)
KR (2) KR100596190B1 (en)
CN (2) CN1243896C (en)
AT (2) ATE360124T1 (en)
AU (3) AU3729801A (en)
CA (2) CA2397662C (en)
CY (1) CY1106647T1 (en)
CZ (3) CZ307592B6 (en)
DE (5) DE10001076C1 (en)
DK (2) DK1246981T3 (en)
ES (2) ES2284622T3 (en)
NO (2) NO321531B1 (en)
PT (2) PT1224365E (en)
RU (2) RU2232854C2 (en)
SI (2) SI20881B (en)
SK (2) SK9872002A3 (en)
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US8997430B1 (en) 2010-04-15 2015-04-07 Spanolux N.V.-Div. Balterio Floor panel assembly
US9476208B2 (en) 2010-04-15 2016-10-25 Spanolux N.V.—Div. Balterio Floor panel assembly

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