EP1359266B1 - Panels joinable to each other by lowering - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a panel which can be positively connected to a second panel so that there is a locking both perpendicular to the common surface and perpendicular to the common joint and at the same time parallel to the common surface. The use of glue can be dispensed with if the panels are used according to the invention as a covering for a floor or a wall cladding. The connection succeeds by lowering a panel relative to a previously installed panel.

A panel of the type mentioned is for example from the document US 6,324 . 803 B1 respectively. EP 0 698 162 B1 known. The known panel is positively locked with a second by means of a tongue and groove connection perpendicular to the common surface of the panels. The groove includes an upper and a lower flank. The lower edge is longer than the upper and has at the end a protruding locking element. In the connected state, the protruding locking element engages in a recess which is introduced below the adjacent panel. As a result, a positive locking is achieved, which acts parallel to the common surface of the two panels and at the same time perpendicular to the common joint of the two panels.

In the locked state of two panels remains between the protruding locking element and the recess a game, so that inter alia, a panel relative to the other along the common joint can be easily moved. The transition from the projecting edge to the locking element is perpendicular. The locking element thus projects vertically into the Height. The recess below the adjacent panel has walls that are perpendicular to the common surface of the panels. It thus encounters a vertically extending wall or contact surface of the recess to a vertically extending wall or contact surface of the protruding locking element in the locked state. This ensures that the panels can not be accidentally separated from each other in the laid state with greater force.

The game is also required to be able to connect two panels, for example, by a rotational movement about the common connecting joint in spite of the aforementioned vertical walls. In the aforementioned document it is stated that a clearance of 2/10 mm may be present.

The material from which the panels of the type mentioned above can be selected in principle, but according to the invention, however, panels are concerned, which consist entirely or predominantly of a wood material. In a parquet panel this can be made entirely of wood. Alternatively, a parquet panel may comprise a backing plate made of, for example, HDF or MDF. Above the carrier plate, one or more parquet lamellae are applied. Below the carrier plate, a layer or a paper may be applied to effect a counteracting, whereby deformations are avoided. There are also glueless interconnectable panels known that consist entirely or predominantly of plastic, such as the publication US 04426820 ,

The invention further relates in particular to a laminate floor. This comprises a carrier plate made of a wood material. HDF and MDF are currently the preferred wood-based materials. Another typical wood material consists of glued chips. Above the carrier plate, a decorative layer is applied, which comprises a decorative paper together with a protective layer. The protective layer consists in particular of a resin which, inter alia, abrasion resistant Particles such as corundum or silicon carbide (SiC). Below the support plate, a Gegenzugpapier is applied to avoid the aforementioned deformations. At present there are indications that technical laminates are gaining in importance and from which more and more panels are being produced. These are used in particular as a floor covering.

Resin-soaked papers are fed to a press together with the carrier plate during manufacture. Under the supply of heat and pressure, the papers are glued to the carrier plate. The decorative paper already has the layer with the abrasion-resistant particles.

Panels of the type according to the invention may comprise one or more of the aforementioned features.

The above-mentioned game was considered by the experts to be too disadvantageous, since it is able to penetrate into this dust and moisture. Also visually the game is perceived as negative, since a gap can occur on the surface.

To avoid such a game is for example from the document EP 0 843 763 B1 a panel known in which instead of the aforementioned vertical contact surfaces oblique contact surfaces are provided. The slopes are such that two panels can be interconnected, for example, by a rotary motion about a common joint without leaving a gap on the surface of the two panels due to play. From this document is also known to design the protruding lower lip elastic, so as to allow a connection by moving in a plane.

Although in the aforementioned prior art, the perceived disadvantageous game in the joint joint is avoided. However, however, then requires the displacement of a panel, which is connected to a second, for example, over long sides, along the joint joint a great effort. As a rule, the force required is so great that tools such as hammers and impact blocks have to be used for this purpose. This can cause damage to the panels.

Due to the oblique contact surfaces and the elastic lip or flank of a groove panels can be connected to each other not only by moving within a plane, but also be solved in this way. Unintentionally, two panels that have already been laid can also be separated again if the force is applied. This problem occurs in particular when two equal-length lips are provided and the locking element, which causes the locking parallel to the floor surface and perpendicular to the connecting joint, is located within the groove. This is then very small, because there is little space available, such as the utility model DE 29823749 U1 can be seen.

To provide two equal-length lips has the following advantages over the prior art with the long protruding lip.

On the one hand, material is saved in the production compared to a prior art, in which a flank or lip protrudes from the other of a groove. On the other hand, the spring reaches the groove very reliably. In addition, the consumer is very familiar with a tongue and groove system in which the flanks are the same length.

The document WO 03/087497 A1 is an intermediate document and is only relevant to the discussion of the novelty of the present application. In WO'497 panels are disclosed with locking means, the the edges of the panels are milled in the form of groove and springs. As an additional locking means to prevent the ingress of dust and moisture into the joint, WO'497 proposes the provision of a sealing cord which can be inserted into a recess provided therefor at the joint of two connected panels.

The document WO 00/47841 describes floorboards with improved coupling elements. The coupling elements should be able to be connected by vertical pressing of the floor panels, so a pressing perpendicular to the laid floor panels. The floor panels can be in square, rectangular or rhombohedral form. They have on all edges elements of the same coupling system, that is on all four edges locking elements are provided, which can be connected by a vertical lowering with appropriately designed further locking elements.

The document WO 01/51732 describes a system for glueless bonding of floorboards, wherein longitudinal and end faces have different coupling elements. On the longitudinal sides spring-groove coupling elements are provided, which can be connected to each other by a rotational movement about the longitudinal side and at the end faces coupling elements are provided, which can be connected by a mere lowering. In the document WO 01/88306 A1 also different coupling elements are described, which can be used on different sides. One of the coupling pairs shown is in turn suitable to be connected to the longitudinal sides of the panels by a rotational movement can and on the narrow sides coupling elements are provided, which can be connected for a mere lowering.

From the WO 00/20706 a locking system for two floor panels is already known, which is provided in the form of a separate connection profile. The separate connection profile can for example be made of plastic and serves to secure two panels together.

Alternatively, panels are from the publications WO 00/47841 A1 . WO 01/51732 A1 such as DE 200 08 708 U1 known, which can be connected by lowering each other. Lowering means that one panel can be held horizontally to the other and lowered while maintaining the horizontal position. If one panel has reached the plane of the other panel, then at least one locking device is present perpendicular to the common connecting joint and parallel to the common plane.

In the prior art, disadvantageously, when lowered, the surface of the underlying panel may be easily damaged at the edge adjacent to the later joint joint. In addition, the snap can be problematic, especially when relatively rigid materials such as MDF or HDF are used.

The object of the invention is to provide a panel which can be easily and reliably connected to a second glueless. It is a particular object of the invention to provide a locking profile, which can be particularly easily connect when the panels rest on a floor.

The object of the invention is achieved by a panel having the features of the first claim. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

In a preferred embodiment, there is a recess between two gluelessly interlocked panels, in which, in the final laid state, there is a cord or rod-like element, which consists in particular of a compressible material. As a flexible material, for example Teflon can be provided. However, preference is given to a material which has good elastic properties. The cord or rod-like element therefore consists for example of a rubber. However, silicone is to be preferred over rubber, since silicone has a suitably higher restoring force in comparison to rubber. The higher restoring force of silicone compared to rubber has proven to be advantageous.

The provision of a gap or recess between both panels allows for easier displaceability of a panel along a common joint even if there is no clearance between two panels. The presence of a game is However, to be preferred, to ensure easy displacement. It is sufficient for this purpose a game of a few 1/100 millimeters.

The aforementioned gap or recess occurs in particular on the surface of two panels, which forms the visible part of a floor or wall cladding. From the surface then the cord or rod-like element is visible. In the locked state, the cord or rod-like element is particularly dimensioned such that it completely fills the width of the gap. Advantageously, the cord or rod-like element is slightly wider. It is then in the compressed state within the gap.

By providing a gap or a recess between the panels, in which a cord or rod-like element is, the friction is reduced, in particular compared to those panels in which the locking elements are integrally connected to the panel and made of a wood material. Thus, for example, integrally connected to the panel panels can be provided, which consist of a wood material and yet relatively easy to move along a common joint even when two panels are locked together. If the gap with the cord-like or rod-like element is located on the visible surface, then new design possibilities open up as a concomitant feature. In the joint area, for example, black rubber or silicone material becomes visible. The surface of the panel may otherwise have a strong contrast thereto. This results in new optical effects, which are not known in particular in laminate panels. If a more discreet look is desired, the cord or rod-like element, as far as it is visible, is color-matched to the visible surface. Although there are also decors that have a colored border or colored edges on the surface of each panel. In contrast, the customer can freely choose the color of the border and also modify it later. So it is possible to vary the appearance of already laid panels with a relatively small effort, without to remove the flooring. The recess provided on the surface by two adjoining panels thus offers, in addition to the technical advantage of easier displaceability, the possibility of being able to easily modify optical impressions.

The cord or rod-like element can be subsequently pressed or inserted from the surface into the gap or the recess. However, it may also already be connected to a panel, in particular if the cord or rod-like element consists of a compressible material. Subsequent insertion of a separate cord or rod-like element in a gap, however, has the advantage that the panels can be moved particularly easily, as long as the cord or rod-like element is not yet inserted.

Is a game between a protruding locking element and a corresponding recess available, so vertical or undercut contact surfaces can be provided. The cord or rod-like element is then compressed slightly when connecting, if it has already been delivered factory-connected to a panel. Despite vertical contact surfaces succeeds such a connection, for example by turning around a common joint around.

It is even possible to provide undercuts in the protruding locking element and the recess. If panels connected to one another are pressed apart parallel to the floor surface, the above-mentioned contact surfaces then interlock with one another when the locking element and the recess are arranged accordingly. A non-destructive release of the locking or coupling elements by moving in a plane perpendicular to the joint is not possible. The mentioned in the prior art unwanted loosening due to an accidental force is avoided even if, for example, a projecting flank a groove with a locking element at the end is configured elastically. So if in spite of an elastic lip of a groove a particularly reliable locking parallel to the floor surface and perpendicular to a common joint are created, so are those contact surfaces to be preferred, which are undercut or arranged at least perpendicular to the surface.

Run the contact surfaces in the aforementioned type obliquely, as from the document EP 0 843 763 B1 As is known, a rigid configuration of a projecting lower flank or lip of a groove is to be preferred so as to provide a reliable locking parallel as well as perpendicular to a common connecting joint. If a particularly reliable connection between laid panels is desired, the protruding lip is designed to be rigid even with vertically extending contact surfaces, so that disengagement by displacement in a plane perpendicular to the connecting joint is not possible. The other coupling elements are then, if necessary, rigid. Affected by this example, a spring which causes a locking with a groove perpendicular to the common surface of the panels.

If panels are first locked together, then there is a game and is provided only then to introduce the cord or rod-like element from above into a gap or recess occurring, a particularly simple displacement along a joint is possible almost without effort. The possibility of moving already interlocked Panellen along a common joint is particularly desirable when two long sides of two panels are already connected and now Schmalselten to be connected. Such a method is for example from the document EP 0855482 B1 known. In particular, when the connection regularly requires to be able to move panels along a common joint despite already locked state, which is Embodiment advantageous in which a cord or rod-like element from the bottom last inserted into a gap or pressed into it.

The cord or rod-like element typically has a diameter or a width of at least 0.5 mm, preferably of at least 1 mm, particularly preferably of at least 2 mm. The width does not regularly exceed 10 mm, unless a larger width is desired for visual reasons. Preferably, the width is less than 5 mm, more preferably less than 3mm. In principle, however, smaller or larger widths or diameters may be provided, for example for optical reasons.

The gap in which the cord or rod-like element is, regularly has a slightly smaller width than the cord or rod-like element, in particular when compensating a game or to prevent ingress of dust and moisture into a connecting joint. The cord or rod-like element is then pressed lightly in the gap and is thus held in the gap. However, the gap may also have the same width. Only a larger width of the gap compared to the width of the cord or rod-like element or the diameter should be avoided, otherwise an undesirable gap remains on the surface and the cord or rod-like element leach out too easily, if this from the Surface has been inserted ago. An interference fit of the cord or rod-like element in the gap is to be preferred, since then the gap-free state is ensured and the cord or rod-like element is held.

In one embodiment of the invention, the cord or rod-like element is in the locked state between two surfaces which cause a lock. For example, these can be the areas that are called contact areas here. The cord then consists in particular of an elastic material such as rubber or silicone. Before locking two panels, place the cord or bar-like element against one of the aforementioned locked areas. The Cord or rod-like element is then in particular partially in a recess and is pressed into this further or even completely, when panels are locked together. For example, a panel by a rotary motion or a lowering movement, for example, from the document DE 20008708 U1 is known, in a second latched. The cord or rod-like element is pressed into the recess. Due to the presence of a game, one panel can now be pushed further in the direction of the other panel. As a result, the depression is released again. The cord or rod-like element relaxes and thus passes between the two (contact) surfaces, which cause a lock.

If, for example, a protruding flank is provided which merges at the end through a right angle into a locking element, then the aforementioned recess is preferably located immediately before the transition to the locking element. In this recess, the cord or rod-like element is inserted or has already been factory-mounted here, for example, vulcanized.

In the aforementioned embodiment, it may be expedient that even in the relaxed state of the cord or rod-like element, a gap or a recess remains on the surface. In this gap, a second cord or rod-like element is then introduced. Alternatively, a cord or rod-like element made of compressible material may already be attached to the surface at a joint edge of a panel. This can be advantageous to achieve the aforementioned design effects or to compensate for stresses that are practically unavoidable especially in a wood material.

If a first and a second cord-like or rod-like element are provided in a connecting joint between two panels, this also offers the advantage that on the surface the panels are initially pressed apart slightly by means of a corresponding tool can be. It is thus created space to easily insert a cord or rod-like element here. Is the cord or rod-like element largely inserted, the tool is removed. The cord or rod-like element, which is located between two locking contact surfaces, then relaxes so that no gap remains on the surface.

Is a cord or rod-like element provided inside the joint between two contact surfaces, which cause a lock, this allows an embodiment in which two panels are connected by coupling elements of a panel first by a vertical movement relative to the later common surface of two panels be brought into coupling elements of a second panel. In this case, the cord or rod-like element may for example be pressed into a corresponding depression. Subsequently, the panels are pushed towards each other. In a corresponding embodiment, a spring can enter into a groove in this push-together and thus cause a locking perpendicular to the common surface. The aforementioned cord or rod-like element finally relaxes and passes between the two locking contact surfaces.

The cord or bar-like element may have a circular or triangular diameter. However, if it is introduced from the surface last, it may be advantageous that the cord or rod-like element is designed hook-shaped on two opposite sides. If the cord or rod-like element is pressed into a gap from above, these hooks act like barbs. If the cord or rod-like element is pressed into the gap, then the visible surface of the cord or rod-like element can be made flat, so as to provide a surface finish with the remaining surface of the panels.

Opposite to the surface of the cord or rod-like element, which is visible from the surface, can be curved, for example Recess may be provided so that slanted protruding hooks can push better into the gap.

In the embodiment with the hook and the curved lower recess is advantageous to realize a press fit.

The cord or bar-like element advantageously comprises a thread that can not be stretched practically. The thread is then always wrapped by a compressible material. This ensures that the cord or rod-like, consisting of a compressible material element is not disadvantageously stretched by the pressing in a gap or in a recess. If the cord or rod-like element initially stretched, it will contract again when laid. This undesirable areas would occur in the recesses or columns, which are not filled with a cord-like or rod-like element.

To be particularly easy to lay, have at least two opposite sides of a panel on such locking elements, in which a connection is possible by a panel is first lowered perpendicular to the other. In particular, in such a case, the narrow sides are provided with such locking elements when the surface of a panel is rectangular. The longitudinal sides are then preferably designed such that a connection usually requires a rotational movement about a connecting joint around. If a panel is connected on the longitudinal side by a rotational movement with the longitudinal side of a second panel, then a narrow side can at the same time reach the corresponding locking or coupling element of an already installed panel. It is also the narrow side of the already laid panel. Subsequently, depending on the embodiment, it may be necessary to push the panels, which are connected to one another via the narrow sides, still slightly towards one another. Typically, this last shift can be limited to a few 1/10 millimeters. In this way, moving into the final position compared to the above-mentioned prior art kept very low. Accordingly, the time required for laying can be reduced. It should also be borne in mind that a method for laying the panels, which includes sliding, is particularly undesirable when a panel is first so close to a wall that a tool can hardly be brought between the panel and the wall to move using tooling. Moving further may be particularly undesirable if there is a small protrusion, for example because of a door frame, in a room to which a panel should possibly be closely adjacent. Then it is particularly advantageous to be able to connect panels by a lowering movement. The narrow sides, for example, in the of the document DE 20008708 U1 be known manner, as far as the coupling elements known therefrom relate to a connection by lowering.

The cord or bar-like element may have a substantially rectangular or square diameter in order to effect a surface finish on the surface.

A cord or rod-like element according to the invention has the desired elasticity or flexibility, if the width or the diameter can be reduced by compression. Solid metal or wood is not compressible.

The claimed dimensions of the panels are advantageous because they can be handled easily. In particular, dimensions below 100 cm are advantageous because then the panels can be easily transported even in the trunk of limousines.

If two rod-like or cord-like elements are provided, these are preferably such that the restoring forces that occur due to the rod-like or cord-like elements are such that no gap remains on the surface. It is therefore advantageous that a rod or cord-like element, which borders on the visible surface of the panels, can cause relatively low restoring forces. Panels are not pressed so much undesirable far. The restoring forces can be suitably adjusted by selecting the materials that make up the rod or cord-like element. Additionally or alternatively, the cross sections can be suitably chosen. The rod-like or string-like element adjacent to the surface therefore preferably has a larger area in cross-section than that of the other rod or cord-like element.

In a further embodiment, a cord or rod-shaped element causes a locking of two panels in one of said directions, that is, for example, perpendicular to the common surface of the panels. In particular, two panels are locked together and at the same time perpendicular to the common joint with each other when the rod or cord-shaped element is pushed into a corresponding recess.

The embodiment in which the insertion of a rod-shaped or cord-shaped element causes a locking of two panels, in turn, allows the presence of vertical or undercut contact surfaces in order to reach a connection which is maintained even when no force is applied. In order to obtain vertical contact surfaces, which receive a locking, for example, parallel to the surface and at the same time perpendicular to the common joint of two panels, the cord or rod-shaped element in the simplest case has a rectangular cross-section. The coupling elements of the two panels that are to be connected, have recesses, which also have a rectangular cross-section. If the two panels joined together, so for example by moving in a plane, so finally an end position is present, in which the two aforementioned recesses border with the rectangular cross-sections. They then form a channel with a rectangular cross-section. In this channel is then the cord or rod-shaped Element pushed into it. Is the cord or rod-shaped element sufficiently wide as and sufficiently high, so the two panels are locked together without a game occurs. The contact surfaces, which cause the positive locking, run vertically.

In the cited prior art, in which a connection is made on the basis of a tongue and groove connection, an elastic lip or flank together with further locking elements are provided so as to allow a positive connection by moving in a plane, damage can occur in particular when the material is relatively rigid. This is particularly the case when the coupling elements consist of a wood material, such as HDF or MDF. This easily possible damage to the coupling elements can be avoided in this embodiment. The connection can be very stable mechanically, since vertical or undercut contact surfaces can be provided. Even at oblique contact surfaces, such as these from the document EP 00843763 B1 are known, a more stable mechanical connection can be made possible because an elastic edge is not required and the locking element can protrude relatively far.

Is a prominent edge in the from the publication EP 00843763 B1 provided known manner, it may be comparatively short, since this is not deflected when connecting down. It is saved according to material, so there is a cost advantage here.

In the prior art, as this from the publication DE 29823749 U1 is known, two equal long flanks are proposed. A recess serving recess is located inside the groove. A corresponding protruding locking element is located at a suitable position on the spring of a second panel. For reasons of space and production due to the locking element is only slightly out and has an oblique course. Accordingly, the recess in the interior of the groove is shaped and dimensioned. The resulting positive connection parallel to the floor surface and at the same time perpendicular to the joint is mechanically relatively unstable. The instability is avoided in the present embodiment, for example, by vertical or relatively steep contact surfaces when an embodiment with equal sides of a coupling element acting as a groove is provided.

In order to achieve undercut contact surfaces in the embodiment in which the insertion of a rod-shaped or cord-shaped element brings about a locking of two panels, the rod-shaped or cord-like element has, for example, a constriction in cross-section. Recesses in coupling elements, in which the rod or cord-like element is pushed in for the purpose of locking, expediently have a corresponding cross-section.

In order to push the rod or cord-like element in recesses in coupling elements, so as to lock two panels together, the rod or cord-like element preferably has a smooth surface to keep occurring during sliding sliding friction forces low. The rod-like or cord-like element then consists in particular of non-compressible or hardly compressible material in order to be able to avoid a gap on the surface of the panels even if no additional rod-like or cord-like element is to be introduced on the surface. As a material for the rod or cord-like element or its surface Teflon may therefore be appropriate. HDF, MDF also have relatively smooth surfaces and therefore can also be used with preference. Also, a rod made of metal or with a metallic surface has a smooth surface and can therefore preferably be used.

In order to thread the rod or cord-like element in recesses bel coupling elements and then push it in, The rod or cord-like element tapers advantageous at least one end.

Preferably, the embodiment in which the insertion of a rod or cord-shaped element causes a locking of two panels is provided on narrow sides of panels which have a rectangular surface. Panels are then joined together on the longitudinal sides, in particular by a rotary movement. If necessary, narrow sides of already laid panels are then pushed towards each other. Finally, the rod or string-like element is pushed in on the corresponding narrow side. Narrow sides, between which the rod or cord-shaped element is pushed in for the purpose of locking, are to be preferred, since here the distance is comparatively short. Accordingly short, the rod or cord-shaped element is to push in to lock two panels in accordance.

The embodiment in which the insertion of a rod-shaped or cord-shaped element brings about a locking of two panels can be combined in one panel with the coupling elements known from the prior art for the provision of a glueless connection. Particularly preferred is a panel with, for example, rectangular surface, which is preferably on the longitudinal side so that it can be connected by means of a rotational movement with a second panel without glue, so that no play between the panels remains. Such an embodiment is from the document WO 01/48332 known. In particular, this embodiment comprises a rigid, protruding lower lip or flank to arrive at a mechanically stable connection. On another side of the panel, ie in particular on the narrow side, the embodiment is then provided in which the insertion of a rod or cord-shaped element causes a locking of two panels. First, a first and a second panel are connected to each other by means of the rotational movement. Subsequently, the second panel along the joint joint on a adjacent, already connected to the first panel pushed panel. Finally, the second and third panels are finally joined together by sliding the rod or string-shaped member into a channel formed by recesses in the respective coupling members.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments. The embodiments of the FIGS. 1 to 12 are not in accordance with the invention, but facilitate the understanding of the invention.

FIG. 1 shows two interconnected panels 1 and 2. These are in particular panels for a laminate floor. The panels shown are in the example 8 mm thick. The panel 1 has laterally a 2.5 mm deep groove, which is 1.9 mm wide. This groove 3 comprises an upper flank 4 and a lower flank 5. The upper flank 4 is 2.8 mm thick. The lower edge 5 is longer than the upper edge 4. Outside the range of the actual groove 3, ie in the region of the lower edge 5, which protrudes from the upper edge 4, there is a recess 6. The recess 6 is formed by a sloping Boundary wall 7 and a perpendicular boundary wall 8 is formed. The sloping wall opens in the direction of the floor surface 9 funnel-shaped. With the perpendicular to the floor surface, a 15 degree angle is included in the present case. The sloping wall 7 serves to transition from the actual area of the groove 3 to the recess 6. The perpendicular to the floor surface 9 extending wall 8 forms a wall of the locking element 10. The locking element 10 is located at the open end of the projecting edge or lip 5 of the panel 1. The locking element 10 is in the present case with respect to the bottom of the recess 6 by 0.7 mm. The wall 8 forms a contact or locking surface, which contributes to the locking of the panels 1 and 2 parallel to the floor surface 9 and perpendicular to the joint 11.

The panel 2 has a spring 12 on the side. In the connected state of the two panels, the spring 12 is in the groove 3. The thickness of the spring 12 is adapted to the width of the groove so that up and down no play exists. The open end of the spring 12 has an obliquely extending boundary 13 on the lower side. It remains here a distance from the adjacent flank 5 of the groove 3. The obliquely extending boundary 13 causes the spring 12 can be easily threaded into the groove 3. In particular, the recess 13 is suitable for introducing the spring 12 into the groove 3 by means of a rotational movement about the connecting joint 11.

Below the spring 12, a protruding nose 14 is provided. As a result, a recess 15 is formed, which can be made by milling from the bottom of the panel 2. The wall 16, which forms the transition between the recess 15 and the nose 14, is perpendicular to the floor surface. The wall 16 also forms a locking or contact surface which, in interaction with the delimiting wall 8, effects the positive locking parallel to the floor surface 9 and perpendicular to the joint 11. Since the contact surfaces or locking surfaces 8 and 16 are perpendicular to the floor surface 9, this is a particularly secure positive locking between the two panels 1 and 2 achieved in comparison to the prior art, as for example from the document WO 97/47834 A1 is known. The positive locking due to the locking surfaces 8 and 16 is further improved by the fact that the projecting lower edge 5 is formed sufficiently rigid. The lower edge 5 is formed sufficiently rigid when the panels 1 and 2 can not be connected by pushing each other within a plane. The connection by moving in a plane is also from the aforementioned document WO 97/47834 A1 known.

In order to improve the positive "locking parallel to the floor surface and perpendicular to the connecting joint 11, the Locking surfaces 8 and 16 be undercut. It is sufficient a deviation of a few degrees from the vertical course. The locking surface 8 is then inclined inwardly towards the recess 6. Accordingly, the locking surface 16 is inclined inwardly in the direction of the recess 15. In the connected state, the locking surfaces 8 and 16 then lock together. This embodiment is particularly advantageous when the connection is to be made possible by moving in a plane. In this case, for example, the projecting flank 5 can be bent sufficiently far down so as to allow the connection by shifting in a plane. In order to make sure that, in the installed state, there is no undesirable release due to sliding apart in one plane, the abovementioned interlocking of the locking surfaces 8 and 16 is particularly advantageous. The interlocking prevents that, for example, the lower edge 5 can bend away due to shocks.

The projecting below the spring nose 14 is limited to the open end of the spring through an inclined wall 17. In the locked state, the limiting wall 17 is parallel to the wall 7. In the locked state, as shown in the FIG. 1 is shown, a game remains between the wall 17 and the wall 7. This may be a few tenths of a millimeter. In the present case, it is for example 0.5 mm.

When the locking surface 8 contacts the locking surface 16, the abovementioned clearance of 0.5 mm occurs between the delimiting wall 17 and the limiting wall 7. At the same time remains on the surface of the floor, a gap, for example, 2.5 mm thick. It remains between the panels 1 and 2 in the locked state so first a game. This makes it possible to connect the panels together, although the locking surfaces 8 and 16 in the present example are perpendicular or at least nearly vertical. Even an undercut is possible. The game is then typically 2/10 millimeters and more. How big the game should be, depends in particular on the shape and dimension of the contact surfaces 8 and 16. A person skilled in the art will determine in a particular case by a few experiments, how large the game should be at least to allow the connection even with steep, vertical or undercut extending contact surfaces 8 and 16. For this reason, it may also be expedient to provide a much larger clearance of, for example, 1 mm.

In the locked state panel 1 can be moved relative to panel 2 along the joint 11. This may be desirable when laying to bring panels to the final position. Compared to the prior art, as for example from the document WO97 / 47834 A1 is known, the move succeeds particularly easy.

In order to prevent moisture and dust from penetrating into the gap, which remains at the surface 9 of the two panels at the joint 11, a cord-like or rod-like element 18 is or is introduced. The cord or rod-like element 18 in the present case has a rectangular cross section and thus essentially corresponds to the shape of the gap. The cord or bar-like element 18 thus terminates flush and flat with the surface 9 of the panels 1 and 2.

The cord or rod-like element 18 is preferably somewhat wider than the gap into which the cord or rod-like element is introduced. In the present case, it is slightly wider than 2.5 mm. The depth of the cord or rod-like element 18 corresponds to the thickness of the flank 4. In the present case, the cord or rod-like element is thus 2.8 mm deep and sits on the upper side of the nose 12. This ensures that the cord or rod-like element 18 does not get into the gap so deeply that no flush termination on the surface 9 is achieved.

The cord or rod-like element 18 in the present case consists of a silicone material. This is elastic and can therefore be compressed.

The gap into which the cord or rod-like element 18 is inserted expands downwards. In the present case, the expansion runs funnel-shaped through the walls 19 and 20. The expansion can be minimal. It only takes a few tenths of a millimeter. By the expansion is achieved that the cord or rod-like element 18 expands in the region of the recess, if this is slightly wider than the gap. This ensures that the cord or rod-like element 18 is firmly seated in the gap. An undesirable loosening of the cord or rod-like element in the installed state is thus counteracted,

The cord or rod-like element 18 can finally be introduced into the gap. However, it is also possible that a panel 1 or 2 has already been connected to the cord or rod-like element 18 by the manufacturer. Due to the compressibility of the material can be compared to the prior art, as it is known from the document WO97 / 47834 A1 is known, yet achieve the desired effects. A comparatively easy displaceability along a common connecting joint is possible with interconnected panels. The connection succeeds even with perpendicular or undercut extending contact surfaces 8 and 16.

The embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment, as in the FIG. 1 This is particularly well ensured that the panel 2 from the panel 1 can not be solved when the panel 2 is pulled in the direction of the arrow 21. In particular, with an elastic edge 5, this embodiment is particularly advantageous.

The embodiment according to FIG. 3 differs from the embodiments according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 by providing a another cord or rod-like element 22 which is introduced between the locking surfaces 8 and 16. This causes the clearance between the panels to be relatively large relative to the embodiments according to FIGS FIGS. 1 and 2 can be without having to enlarge the cord or rod-like element 18 on the surface 9 of the panels 1 and 2. In addition, the cord or rod-like element 22 can compensate for shrinkage effects, which can occur in particular if the panels are made of wood-based material.

If panels with a rectangular surface are used, the embodiment according to FIG FIG. 3 on the narrow sides to prefer, because here shrinkage effects can be particularly noticeable. On the long sides the effect of shrinkage effects is less.

If panels are made of a wood material, they will shrink in warm temperatures. If panels made of a wood material are exposed to damp rooms, they will expand. The embodiment according to FIG. 3 is therefore preferably provided in rooms that are heated regularly. To name here, for example, a living room of a family house.

The cord or rod-like element 22, which is located between the contact or locking surfaces 8 and 16, has in cross-section regularly smaller dimensions compared to the cord or rod-like element 18, which adjoins the surface 9 of the floor. In the present case, the cross section of the cord or rod-like element 22 is designed approximately square. The square is about 1 x 1 mm in size.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 4 the recess 6 has a further depression or recess 23. The recess 23 is adjacent to the locking surface 8. In the recess 23 is when laying a cord or rod-like element 22. In the uncompressed state, the cord or rod-like element 22 protrudes partially from the further recess 23 out. If panel 2 is connected to the panel 1, then the nose 14 first pushes the cord or rod-like element 22 completely into the recess 23, as in FIG FIG. 4 is hinted at. If panel 2 is subsequently moved in the direction of panel 1, then the cord-like or rod-like element 22 relaxes and passes between the locking surfaces 8 and 16. This state is described in FIGS FIG. 5 clarified. In the embodiment according to FIG. 4 the length of the nose 12 is such that the panel 2 by a vertical lowering relative to the panel 1 in the in FIG. 4 shown position can be brought. The lowering movement is indicated by the arrow 24. Subsequently, panel 2 is pushed along the arrow 25 in the direction of the panel 1. The way the panel 2 is moved is very small and can be limited to a few 1/10 millimeters. If the displacement is very short, the times required for laying can be reduced accordingly. This is in particular the case with respect to the prior art mentioned at the beginning, for example compared with the prior art, as is known from the document WO97 / 47834 A1 is known.

An embodiment in which a vertical lowering along the arrow 24 is possible in a first step is preferably used on narrow sides of a panel with a rectangular surface. At the longitudinal sides of such a connection type is then preferred, in which the connection succeeds by a rotational movement about the connecting joint 11 around. Such a prior art, in which the connection is effected by a rotational movement, for example, from the document WO01 / 48332 A1 or from the publication US 4,426,820 out.

If panel 2 has been pushed along the arrow 25 in the direction of the panel 1, then the in FIG. 5 achieved situation. In the connecting joint 11, a cord or rod-like element 18 is now introduced and the connection is completed. It may be sufficient to move panel 2 only one to two millimeters, according to the situation FIG. 4 according to the situation FIG. 5 to get. These Track is still relatively short compared to the tracks that in the prior art, as he for example from the publication EP 00843763 B1 is known, are required.

In the FIG. 6 it is suggested that FIG. 2 is locked by a rotational movement about the connecting joint 11 around with the panel 1. In this case, the spring 12 can be relatively long compared to the embodiment according to FIG FIG. 5 be, so that a connection is no longer possible, which first a lowering movement according to arrow 24 ( FIG. 4 ). Then a relatively stable positive connection perpendicular to the floor surface in comparison to FIG. 4 reached.

The cord or rod-like element 22 may have a circular cross-section. The diameter is for example about 2 mm. The recess 23, in which the cord or rod-like element 22 is partially located, typically has a comparable width. In the example, the width would then be 2 mm. The depth can be half that size. It would then be 1 mm.

If a panel comprises two cord or bar-like elements in the above-mentioned manner, then a cord or bar-like element 18 can be introduced from the surface in a particularly simple manner, by first using a suitable tool to remove the gap on the surface against the elastic properties of the cord - or rod-like element 22 is pressed apart. In the pressed-apart state, the width of the gap on the surface is then, in particular, wider than the width of the cord-like or rod-like element 18, which is to be brought into the gap. The cord or rod-like element 18 can then be inserted particularly easily. Subsequently, the tool is removed and panel 1 on the panel 2 due to the expansion of the cord or rod-like element 22 introduced. This displacement due to the expansion of the cord or rod-like element 22 stops as soon as Equilibrium is reached. There then remains no gap on the surface.

The cord or rod-like element 18 on the surface 9 then protects against ingress of dust and moisture.

In the FIG. 7 an advantageous embodiment of a cord or rod-like element 18 is shown, which is introduced from the surface. In cross-section, this cord or rod-like element 18 has a kind of barbs 26 and 27 on both sides. In order to compress the cord or rod-like element 18 particularly well laterally, a curved recess 28 is provided on the underside. Further, the cord or bar-like element 18 may, for example, have a thread 29 inside to avoid stretching effects. The thread 29 is therefore made of a non-stretchable material according to FIG. 7 is wrapped by a compressible material such as silicone.

The visible in the inserted state surface 30 of the cord or rod-like element 18 may be configured flat, in order to achieve a flat finish with the panel surface 9 can.

FIG. 8 shows two panels 1 and 2, in which the spring 12 of the panel 2 has been pushed into the groove 3 of the panel 1. The projecting flank 5 has at the top a rectangular recess 30 in section. The spring 12 has on the underside a rectangular in section recess 31. The two recesses 30 and 31 are the same width. They are located one above the other when the spring 12 of the panel 2 has been completely pushed into the groove 3 of the panel 1, so that no gap remains on the common connecting joint 11. The recesses 30 and 31 form a channel into which a rod or cord-like element is pushed in order to lock panel 1 with panel 2 parallel to the surface 9 and perpendicular to the connecting joint 11. The sliding of panel 2 in the direction of panel 1 succeeds in the FIG. 8 shown position easily, because no protruding Locking element must be overcome. In the state in FIG. 8 In addition, it is very easy to move a panel 2 relative to the panel 1 along the common connecting joint, since the panels are locked only perpendicular to the surface 9.

FIG. 9 differs from FIG. 8 by a rod-like element 32 which is pushed in finally into the channel formed by the recesses 30 and 31. The rod-like element 32 is almost as wide as the width of the recesses 30 and 31, so that no gap at the connection surface 11 occurs on the surface 9. The material constituting the rod-like or cord-like element 32 then preferably consists of a little or incompressible material so as to avoid the formation of a gap on the surface 9 in the connection joint 11. Metal or a wooden material can therefore be used as a material.

Form the panels 1 and 2 in the in the FIGS. 8 and 9 As shown, a closed surface, so it is expedient for optical reasons, for example, on the other sides also provide such coupling elements that a closed surface is formed. In particular, it is expedient to then form narrow sides of a panel with a rectangular surface in such a way that the final locking takes place by pushing a rod 32 inward. On the longitudinal sides then such coupling elements are to be preferred, in which the connection takes place by means of a rotary movement about a connecting joint. In this case, no gap also remains on the surface 9 between two panels 1 and 2. The gap 11 is thus closed. In FIG. 10 This embodiment is shown. The contact surfaces 8 and 16 extend obliquely to allow connection by means of a rotary motion despite a lack of play. The projecting flank 5 is preferably rigid in order to ensure a stable locking of the panels 1 and 2 in the installed state.

Are the panels 1 and 2 in one of the FIGS. 8 and 9 An alternative embodiment is such that a gap remains on the surface 9 in the connecting joint 11, a rod-like or cord-like element 18, which for example consists of silicone or rubber, is expediently introduced into the latter. Suitably, the rod or cord-like element 32 is made of Teflon or a material with comparable flexibility and smooth surface. Then the insertion of the rod-like or cord-like element 32 into the formed channel formed by the recesses 30 and 31 succeeds relatively easily, and in particular when the narrow sides of a panel are designed in this way.

The rod-like element can be shaped differently in cross section. So this can be constricted. The cross-section of the recesses 30 and 31 are then suitably shaped correspondingly, so that undercut contact surfaces 8 and 33 and 34 and 35 are present. In order not to have to pay attention to a particular position when pushing, the rod-shaped element has a circular cross-section. Corresponding semicircular, the recesses 30 and 31 are formed.

The insertion of the rod 32 is particularly easy if at least one side is tapered. Preferably then both sides are pointed, so that the consumer does not need to pay attention to which end of the rod is threaded into the channel.

In FIG. 11 the case is shown where the recesses 30 and 31 taper towards the opening. The associated rod-shaped element 32 has a constriction. This results in undercut contact surfaces. This embodiment is particularly advantageous when the flanks 4 and 5 of the groove 3 are the same length, since then they are relatively thin and thus relatively elastic.

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment in which the locking element 36 of the panel 2 by vertically lowering into the recess of the Paneels 1 can be brought. The two locking elements 36 and 37 have semicircular recesses 30 and 31, in which for the purpose of final locking a round rod 32 is pushed. At the connecting joint 11 no gap or clearance remains. It is sufficient for connecting a vertical lowering of panel 2 against panel 1, without panels must be subsequently moved. If not on all sides of a panel fasteners according to FIG. 12 are provided, it is again particularly advantageous to provide for a panel with a rectangular surface on the longitudinal sides of an embodiment in which the connection takes place by a rotational movement about a connecting joint 11. This is exemplified on the FIG. 10 referenced, showing such coupling elements. On the narrow sides is then an embodiment according to FIG. 12 intended. If such a panel is connected to another on the longitudinal sides by a rotary movement around the common connecting joint, it can at the same time be connected to an adjacent, already installed panel via narrow sides, without this panel finally having to be displaced into the final position. For final locking then only a rod 32 is pushed into the channel, which is formed by the recesses 30 and 32. The shape of the recesses 30, 31 and 37 and the locking member 37 may be of the in the FIG. 12 differed embodiment shown. It is only important that the shapes are such that finally the desired glueless locking in the directions mentioned is possible,

The invention makes it possible to provide the following method for connecting two panels. A panel 1 is brought together with a panel 2 so that recesses 30 and 31 form a channel. The coupling elements are such that the panels are then locked in a first direction. In the channel then a rod-shaped element is pushed into it. The coupling elements are such that then the two panels both perpendicular to the common surface 9 and parallel to common surface 9 and at the same time are locked perpendicular to the joint 11.

The element 32 may also consist of an elastic material with preferably high restoring force. It may then have already been factory-mounted in one of the two recesses 30 or 31. The cord-like element then consists in particular of silicone.

A rod-like or cord-like element according to the invention is in particular present when the diameter is at least 0.5 mm, preferably at least 1 mm. If the rod or cord-like element has a rectangular cross-section, the length and width of the rectangle are preferably at least 0.5 mm, particularly preferably at least 1 mm. A rod-like or cord-like element in the sense of the invention is in particular also present if it is an independent part which, as such, can be glued to a panel in one embodiment. The physical properties do not change. Then, such a rod-like or cord-like member is to be distinguished from the case where a paste or the like is applied to a panel in a flowable state, and then the paste solidifies.

FIG. 13 shows a particularly preferred embodiment in which a panel 2 is first lowered relative to a panel 1 in order to connect panels together. Panel 1 has a lower protruding edge 5. The open end of the projecting flank 5 is provided with a protruding locking element 10. Above the protruding flank 5, a relatively short protruding flank 38 is provided. The flanks 5 and 38 form a groove 39. The upper flank 38 is at a distance from the surface 9 of the panel 1. The upper flank 38 is relatively short. Typically, the length of the protruding upper spring 38 is only a few tenths of a millimeter. The length of the flank 38 is typically at least 0.2 mm, more preferably 0.4 mm. The length of the protruding spring 38 should not exceed 1 mm. Particularly preferred is the maximum length of the protruding spring 38 0.6 mm. The length at which the flank 38 protrudes is measured relative to the edge at which the two panels 1 and 2 collide at the surface. The flank 38 thus protrudes from the upper edge in the connection joint 11 by the aforementioned dimensions.

Panel 2 has a projecting flank 40 at its top. Near the open end of the projecting flank 40, a locking element 36 is provided which is below the flank 40 and extends substantially downwardly.

If panel 2 is lowered relative to an already laid panel 1 for the purpose of locking while maintaining a horizontal position, then the locking element 36 enters into the recess, which is formed by the protruding edge 5 with the protruding locking element 10.

The locking element 36, which is mounted below the projecting flank 40, has a projecting spring 41. The protruding spring 41 has seen from the panel 2 to the outside. The protruding nose 41 reaches the end of the lowering movement, which extends in the direction of the arrow 24, by a sliding movement in the direction of the arrow 25 in the groove 39 into it. The panels 1 and 2 are then locked together. Glue does not have to be used for locking.

In the locked state, there are preferably at least two bearing surfaces 42 and 43 with which coupling elements 36, 40, 41 of the panel 2 rest on coupling elements 5, 10, 38, 39 of the panel 1. The first bearing surface 42 is formed by the open end of the projecting flank 40 of the panel 2 and the spring 38 of the panel 1. In particular, this ensures that there is no stepped transition in the connection joint 11, since the support surface 42 is located close to the connecting joint 11.

In case of FIG. 13 the second bearing surface 43 is formed by the downwardly projecting locking element 36 of the panel 2 and the part of the flank 5 located underneath. This ensures that when entering the floor, the load is distributed over two contact surfaces. If only the support surface 42 were provided, then the spring 38 is loaded accordingly strong. The mechanical requirements for the stability of the spring 38 are correspondingly high. In order to reduce the mechanical load on the spring 38 when entering, the second bearing surface is provided.

If only the support surface 43 were provided, then the open end of the flank 40 would be exposed to very heavy loads. In addition, it is then difficult manufacturing technology to ensure a smooth transition in the joint 11 on the surface 9.

Although a second bearing surface could also be provided in the case of the protruding locking element 10 at the end of the open flank 5 with the part of the panel 2 located above it. Provide the bearing surface here, however, has opposite to in FIG. 12 The solution shown has the disadvantage that at the open end, the edge 5 can be bent particularly far down, since the materials used typically have a certain degree of elasticity. The ability to bend the open end downwards is desirable in order to be able to bring the locking element 36 into the recess formed by the projecting flank 5 and the protruding locking element 10. Provide within the recess, the support surface, which is formed by the protruding edge 5 and the locking element 10, has the advantage that in this area the edge 5 can be deflected less far down. Also, this area is typically firmly on the floor, so that also for this reason, a deflection is avoided, which is undesirable where a support surface 43 is to be provided so as to mechanically relieve the support surface 42, which is close to the joint 11 is located.

Preferably, exactly two bearing surfaces are provided. With a further increasing number of bearing surfaces, it is increasingly difficult to produce the desired smooth transition between the panel 1 and the panel 2 on the surface 9 in terms of manufacturing technology.

Thus, the downwardly projecting locking element 36 can pass into the recess, which is formed by the projecting edge 5 and the protruding locking element 10 at the end of this edge 5, it is advantageous to be able to bend the projecting edge 5 at least at the open end down. In order to make this possible even if panel 1 rests, for example, on a smooth screed floor, a recess 44 is provided at the bottom of the projecting flank 5 at the open end. This recess 44 is formed according to the invention by a slope. If panel 1 rests on a smooth floor, then there remains a gap at the open end of the projecting flank 5 and the floor. Because of this distance, it is possible to bend the locking element 10 slightly outwards, so that the locking element 36 can enter the recess, which is formed by the projecting flank 5 and the locking element 10.

Support surfaces 42 and 43 are preferably small to choose, otherwise it is difficult for manufacturing reasons, the coupling elements produce so precisely that a smooth transition from panel 1 to 2 panel on the surface 9 at the joint 11 is provided. For this reason is according to FIG. 13 provided that the lower edge 5 has a slight elevation at the support surface 43. This ensures that the width of the support surface 43 is significantly smaller than the width of the downwardly projecting locking element 36, as in the FIG. 13 is clarified. The support surface 43 is so limited in space and kept relatively small. It is thus easier to provide a smooth transition at the joint. Of course, the protruding locking element 36 could also have a highlight, so as to ensure that the support surface 43 is relatively small.

In order to mill coupling elements, for example, the panel 1 is clamped on the top 9 and on the bottom 45. There then remains only little space to mill with milling cutters. In the FIG. 13 Coupling elements shown are created so that it is sufficient to position cutter laterally and obliquely to mill the coupling elements.

The Figures 14 and 15 clarify the situation when milling. If the panel 2 clamped, so is very little space available to mill the coupling elements can. The coupling elements of the panels 1 and 2, which in FIG. 13 are shown are such that they can be milled despite the limited space available. A milling cutter cuts diagonally from above in the direction of the arrow 46. A second milling cutter mills from the side in the direction of the arrow 47.

The panel 2 rests for example with the decorative top 9 on a treadmill 48, as the FIG. 14 clarified on average. On the other hand, there are follower fastener 49 to clamp the panel 2. Due to the clamping elements 48 and 49, the space is limited accordingly, which may be available for milling cutters. Therefore, it is necessary to design the coupling elements so that it can be milled despite the small available space.

The coupling elements used in the FIG. 13 be shown fulfill this requirement.

The FIG. 15 shows the situation with the coupling elements used in the FIG. 13 at the panel 1 are shown. FIG. 15 again refers to panel 2. However, this is the page that the in FIG. 14 opposite side. A milling cutter is located laterally and approaches the panel 2 in the direction of the arrow 47. One another cutter is directed according to the arrow 50. This mills coming from diagonally below.

Instead of two milling cutters, several can be used. In all cases, it is ensured in the coupling elements shown that can be milled in a relatively small space. Thus, in particular, it is not necessary to approach the panel 2 with a milling cutter according to the arrow 51 shown. The arrow 51 is a mirror image of the arrow 50 inclined. Such a direction is practically impracticable, since due to the band 48 no space for such a router is available.

A milling cutter, which approaches the panel 2 in the direction of the arrow 51, would be required if coupling elements have to be correspondingly undercut. This is not necessary in this case.

FIG. 16 again shows the panels 1 and 2, already in FIG. 13 have been shown. The situation is illustrated during the lowering of panel 2 in the direction of arrow 24, just before the downwardly projecting locking element 36 enters the recess formed by the projecting lower flank 5 with the locking element 10 projecting at the open end. The open end 52 of the flank 40 of the panel 2 protrudes beyond the spring or nose 41, which points laterally outwards in the locking element 36. This avoids that, during the lowering, the protruding nose 41 damages the edge 53, which forms the transition from the surface 9 into the connecting joint in the case of the panel 1. If this were damaged, the damage would be visible from the surface, so that such damage should be avoided in any case. Therefore, it is advantageous to arrange the nose 41 set back in the manner shown.

Thus, the downwardly projecting locking member 36 can be easily inserted into the recess, which is formed by the projecting edge 5 with the protruding locking element 10, tapers the downwardly projecting locking element 36 advantageously downwards. In the present case, for example, two inclined walls 54 and 55 of the locking element 36 are provided for this purpose, which cause this taper downwards. To support it can be provided to provide a slope 56 at the panel 1. The slope 56 is located at the open end of the spring 38 of the panel 1. It extends between the open end of the spring 38 and the top.

If the panel 2 is further lowered in relation to the panel 1 in the direction of the arrow 24, it is ensured, on account of a corresponding dimensioning of the spring 38 and the spring 41, that the end 52 can not come to the edge 53 coming from above. This further ensures that damage to the edge 53 can be avoided.

When the downwardly projecting locking element 36 is lowered, there is finally a position in which the downwardly projecting locking element 36 is clamped in the recess formed by the lower projecting flank 5 and the protruding locking element 10. In order to be able to lower further, the opening of the aforementioned recess must now be able to be expanded slightly in an elastic manner. For this purpose, the coupling elements are such that the protruding locking element 10 at the end of the projecting lower edge 5 can be slightly bent away in the direction of the arrow 57. In order to make this possible even with a smooth and hard surface, a recess 44 is provided below the projecting edge 5 at the open end.

If the downwardly projecting locking element 36 reaches far enough into the recess formed by the lower projecting flank 5 with the protruding locking element 10, then the panel 2 can be displaced in the direction of the panel 1 along the direction of the arrow 25. The dimensions are chosen so that a shift of a few tens of millimeters is sufficient to complete the Close connecting joint 11. Since the open end 52 is guided laterally along the arrow 25 to the edge 53, it is ensured that the lowering does not lead to damage of the edge 53.

So that the spring 41 finally can pass into the groove 39, a bevel 58 is provided above the spring 41. The spring 41 tapers towards the open end. In order to facilitate the threading of the spring 41 in the groove 39, the groove 39 at the top expediently has a bevel 59, so that the groove 39 widens toward the opening.

The contact surface 16 is very steep relative to the slope 54 so as to ensure a reliable mechanical locking parallel to the surface 9 and perpendicular to the joint 11. Correspondingly steep the contact surface 8 extends in the locking element 10th

The panel 2 contacts the panel 1 at the joint 11, the bearing surfaces 42 and 43, the contact surfaces 8 and 16 and at the slopes 58 and 59. Moreover, free spaces are provided within the joint, so that a distance between the two panels remains. This ensures that production inaccuracies in the production do not have the consequence that the panels are connected so that, for example, a gap in the connection joint 11 remains on the surface.

The embodiment according to FIG. 17 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 13 primarily in that the support surface 43 is inclined, so that it drops in the direction of the groove 39. The slope supports the final displacement of the panel 2 in the direction of the panel 1 along the arrow 25. In addition, the recess 44 is substantially more extensive compared to the recess according to FIG. 13 , The recess 44 terminates in such a way that below the support 43, the panel 1, for example, rests firmly on an underlying screed. This ensures that only the front region of the flank 5 is bent downwards can be. Below the support surface 43 such a turn is avoided.

Claims (36)

1. Panels for forming a flooring which comprise coupling elements which are designed such that two panels (1, 2) can be form-fittingly connected both perpendicular to the common joint (11) and at the same time parallel to the surface (9), as well as perpendicular to the common surface (9), whereby the panels (1, 2) predominantly consist of wood and /or a wooden material, and in particular comprise a substrate consisting of HDF or MDF, whereby at least one coupling element is provided in form of a groove (39), whereby the groove (39) comprises a stiff or elastic lower protruding flank (5) which in particular protrudes relative to the upper flank (38) of the groove and whereby the coupling element (5, 10, 36, 38, 39, 40) on long sides of the panels (1, 2) are provided such that these can be connected by means of a rotational movement about the common connection joint (11) and whereby further on the upper side (9) of the panels (1, 2) a décor paper or a décor is provided and that the first panel (1) can be connected to a second panel (2) by lowering, namely perpendicular to the common joint (11), and at the same time parallel to the surface (9), characterized in that the panels (1) are 6 to 15 mm thick, 100 to 2000 mm long, as well as 100 to 2000 mm wide, and whereby furthermore the lower protruding flank (5) of the groove (39) of the first panel (1) comprises at an open end on its lower side a recess (44) which is formed by a bevel such that said lower protruding flank (5) can be bent downwards at the open end, even though the panel (1) for example is supported by a flat floor.
2. Panels according to claim 1, whereby the lower protruding flank (5) comprises a locking element (10) which protrudes upwards.
3. Panels according to claim 1 or 2, whereby the upper short flank (38) of the first panel (1) comprises a distance with respect to the surface (9).
4. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, whereby, a short flank (38) of the first panel (1) is at least 0,2mm long and /or at most 1 mm long.
5. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the second panel (2) comprises an upper protruding flank (40) with a locking element (36) which protrudes downwards.
6. Panels according to the preceding claim, whereby the downwards protruding locking element comprises a protruding nut (41) pointing away from the second panel (2).
7. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, whereby a nut (41) facing away of the second panel (2) is provided such that subsequent to a lowering (24) of the second panel (2) it is moved into a groove (39) of the first panel upon shifting (25) of the second panel (2).
8. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the coupling elements are provided such that the path of shifting (25) is not more than 1 mm preferably not more than 0,6 mm, particularly preferred not more than 0,4 mm.
9. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, whereby a first supporting surface (42) is provided in connected condition of the panels (1, 2) which is formed by the upper protruding flank (40) of the second panel (2) and a short flank (38) of the first panel (1).
10. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, whereby by a second supporting surface (43) is provided in connected condition of the panels (1, 2) which is formed by a lower protruding flank (5) of the first panel (1) and a downwardly protruding locking element (36) of the second panel (2).
11. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the second supporting surface (43) is less wide as the downwardly protruding locking element (36), namely in particular due to a projection, which is provided at the lower protruding flank (5) of the first panel (1).
12. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a string or rod like element (18, 22, 32) which is positioned in a recess between the panels (1, 2).
13. Panels according to the preceding claim, whereby the string or rod like element (18, 22, 32) is wider as the width of the recess.
14. Panels according to one of the preceding claims 12 and 13, whereby the string or rod like element (18, 22, 32) is made of compressible material, in particular of Teflon, silicone or rubber.
15. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, whereby at least one panel (1, 2) comprises a substrate which consists of multiple papers which are pressed with each other, and which in particular are provided with an amino resin.
16. Panels according to one of the preceding claims 12 - 15, whereby the string or rod like element (18, 22, 32) is a member separated of the panels (1, 2) which is held in the recess in particular press-fittingly.
17. Panels according to one of the preceding claims 12 - 16, with a play, which occurs for two mutually connected panels (1, 2) at least when no string or rod like element (18, 22, 32) is provided in between the two panels.
18. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, with perpendicular or undercut contact surfaces (8, 16, 33, 34, 35) of coupling elements, which cause the connection parallel to the surface (9) as well as perpendicular to the connection joint (11) or perpendicular to the surface (9).
19. Panels according to one of the preceding claims 12 - 18, whereby the string or rod like element is pressed in the recess at the surface (9) of the panels (1, 2).
20. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the coupling elements (3, 12, 6, 14), preferably at the narrow side of the panels (1, 2), are provided such that these can be connected by means of shifting in a plane and /or by perpendicular lowering of one panel (2) relative to the surface (9) of a second panel (1).
21. Panels according to one of the preceding claims 12 - 20, whereby the string or rod like element (18, 22, 32) is at least 0,5 preferably at least 2 mm and /or at most 10 mm, preferably 5 mm wide.
22. Panels according to one of the preceding claims 12 - 21, whereby the string or rod like element (18, 22, 32) is positioned between two contact surfaces (8, 16) which cause a locking parallel to the common surface (9) as well as perpendicular to the common connection joint (11).
23. Panels according to one of the preceding claims 12 - 22, whereby the string or rod like element (18, 22, 32) is positioned in a recess (23), and partially protrudes therefrom.
24. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the recess (23) is adjacent to a contact surface (8) which serves for the connection of two panels.
25. Panels according to one of the preceding claims 12 - 24, whereby the string or rod like element (18, 22, 32) has a rectangular or an essentially rectangular cross section.
26. Panels according to one of the preceding claims 12 - 25, whereby the string or rod like element (18, 22, 32), at its side is provided hook shaped.
27. Panels according to one of the preceding claims 12 - 26, whereby the string or rod like element (18, 22, 32) comprises a strand which is connected to compressible material, and namely in particular is surrounded by compressible material.
28. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the strand is not of elastic material, and namely in particular consists of glass fiber material.
29. Panels according to one of the preceding claims 12 - 28, whereby the sting of rod like element (18, 22, 32) is vulcanized to a panel and contacts the second panel when the first and the second panel are mutually connected.
30. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, with a rod like element (32) which can be moved between two panels in a recess (30, 31), such that subsequently a form fitting locking is provided between the two panels.
31. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the narrow sides of two panels (1, 2) with rectangular surface comprises the rod like element which can be moved in.
32. Panels according to one of the preceding claims 12 - 31_, whereby a string or rod like element which is visible as seen from the common surface (9) is provided in a recess which comprises a widening beneath the surface (9).
33. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, with at least two string or rod like elements (18, 22, 32), which are provided in between two mutually connected panels.
34. Panels according to the preceding claims, whereby the string or rod like element (22), which is provided deeper as seen from the surface, consists of a material which as compared to the material of which the string or rod like element consists which is provided higher, comprises a higher restoring force.
35. Panels according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the string or rod like element (22) which is provided deeper as seen from the surface comprises a smaller diameter, or smaller dimensions in respect to the cross section, as compared to the string or rod like element (18) which is provided higher.
36. Cover, in particular flooring, formed by panels according to one of the preceding claims, whereby preferably each panel is surrounded by string or rod like elements (18, 22, 32) which are visible as seen from the common surface (9).

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