EP1405369A1 - Broad-scale lightening protection device - Google Patents

Broad-scale lightening protection device

Info

Publication number
EP1405369A1
EP1405369A1 EP02738014A EP02738014A EP1405369A1 EP 1405369 A1 EP1405369 A1 EP 1405369A1 EP 02738014 A EP02738014 A EP 02738014A EP 02738014 A EP02738014 A EP 02738014A EP 1405369 A1 EP1405369 A1 EP 1405369A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lightning protection
protection device
waveguide
conductor
waveguide sections
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02738014A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1405369B1 (en
Inventor
Ludwig Moll
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1405369A1 publication Critical patent/EP1405369A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1405369B1 publication Critical patent/EP1405369B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a • broadband lightning protection device for high frequency lines.
  • Lightning protection devices for high-frequency lines are required, for example, to protect television and radio broadcasting systems from damage when a lightning strikes a transmission mast.
  • Usual lightning protection devices are for example from Werner Gierlach, "Das DARC antennas book”, chap. 9.1 "Blitzstoff", DARC-Verlag, 1999, ISBN 3-88692-28-3 known.
  • a problem with this is that the lightning protection is either insufficient or a corresponding channel tuning of the lightning protection device has to be carried out to change the frequency.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a lightning protection device which has a low broadband transmission loss and a minimum reflection factor for the high frequency signal.
  • the object is achieved by a lightning protection device according to claim 1.
  • the advantage of the solution according to the invention lies in the inclusion of a section of the waveguide in the lightning protection.
  • a waveguide is arranged between the connections of the supply line of the lightning protection device to the high-frequency line, which has a lower characteristic impedance than the high-frequency supply line.
  • the short-circuit line designed as a stub line has a higher characteristic impedance.
  • a lightning protection device according to the invention is shown in the drawings and explained in the following description. Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a lightning protection device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a second, 90 ° rotated side view of the first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows an illustration of an end face of the first exemplary embodiment of the lightning protection device according to the invention with the housing cover removed; 5 shows a second exemplary embodiment with a waveguide and stub arranged in one plane; and
  • Fig. 6 shows a third embodiment with the waveguide and stub arranged in one plane.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a first exemplary embodiment of a lightning protection device 1 according to the invention.
  • the outer geometry of the lightning protection device 1 is predetermined by an essentially cuboid lightning protection support 2, on which an input and an output connection 3a and 3b are arranged on two opposite side surfaces.
  • a high-frequency line (not shown), for example a coaxial line, can be connected to the input and output terminals 3a and 3b.
  • the lightning protection support 2 is closed by means of a housing cover 4. To fasten the housing cover 4, a plurality of screw connections are provided, which are distributed approximately uniformly over all contact surfaces of the housing cover 4 on the lightning protection support 2.
  • the input and output connections 3a and 3b When using coaxial conductors as high-frequency lines, the input and output connections 3a and 3b have a center contact (not shown). The connection of the two center contacts of the input and output connections 3a and 3b takes place via a waveguide 5.
  • the waveguide 5 runs in two shafts 6a and 6b machined parallel to one another in the lightning protection carrier 2 and is connected to the center contacts of the input and Output terminals 3a and 3b connected.
  • a stub 8 is connected to the waveguide 5 in the middle between the two connections 3a and 3b.
  • the waveguide 5 and the stub 8 are preferably formed in one piece.
  • a bore 10 is made in the waveguide 5, which accommodates a pin of an insulating one Spacer 11 is used.
  • the spacer 11 is arranged between the waveguide 5 and a separating web 12 and is made, for example, of Teflon.
  • the separating web 12 separates the two shafts 6a and 6b from one another and is formed in the lightning protection carrier 2 by working out the shafts 6a and 6b.
  • the waveguide 5 has two waveguide sections 13a and 13b, which are arranged symmetrically in the lightning protection carrier 2 and together form a U-shaped geometry.
  • the two shafts 6a and 6b are closed on a first end face 14 of the lightning protection element 2.
  • the two shafts 6a and 6b are open towards the opposite second end face 15.
  • the end of the separating web 12 facing the second end 15 is spaced from the second end 15, so that when the housing cover 4 is mounted, a connecting shaft results between the front end of the separating web 12 and the housing cover 4, the width of which corresponds to the width of the two shafts 6a and 6b equivalent.
  • the waveguide 5 is arranged symmetrically in the thus also U-shaped shaft, consisting of the two parallel shafts 6a and 6b and their connecting shaft.
  • the boundary surfaces of the lightning protection carrier 2 made of a conductive material are at ground potential and are connected via the connections 3a and 3b to the shielding of the high-frequency line designed as a coaxial line.
  • the waveguide 5 thus forms a triplate line together with the boundary surfaces of the shafts 6a and 6b and the front end of the separating web 12 on the one hand and the housing cover 4 on the other hand.
  • the waveguide 5 has a material thickness d that is constant over its entire length and can thus be produced from a sheet of metal of corresponding thickness by punching or cutting and subsequent bending.
  • the lightning protection device 1 is shown in an end view in FIG. 3.
  • a recess 16 is shown therein, through which a further shaft 17, which is open from the side opposite the parallel shafts 6a and 6b, is introduced into the lightning protection carrier 2.
  • the branch conductor 8 running in this further shaft 17 extends from the connection point 9 to the center of the further shaft 17 along the central axis 18 of the lightning protection device 1 and from there to its end parallel to the waveguide sections 13a and 13b, as shown in FIG. 4 , When the housing cover 4 is in place, the stub 8 also forms a triplate line.
  • a further web 19 is formed between the parallel shafts 6a and 6b and the further shaft 17, which is also parallel in its longitudinal extent.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further side view, which is rotated by 180 ° about the longitudinal axis of the lightning protection device 1 with respect to the first side view from FIG. 2.
  • the branch conductor 8 runs along a central axis 23 of the lightning protection device 1 in the further shaft 17.
  • the further shaft 17 is closed at its end facing away from the connection point 9 to the front side 14 of the lightning protection device 1.
  • a plateau 20 is worked out on its closed side, into which a groove 21 corresponding to the width of the stub conductor 8 is made.
  • the height of the plateau 20 is dimensioned such that the spur conductor 8 is connected to the lightning protection support 2 by means of a clamping web (not shown) which is to be fastened via threaded holes 22 incorporated in the plateau 20.
  • the thickness of the stub 8 is identical to the material thickness d of the waveguide 5, so that the waveguide 5 and stub 8 in a common process can be manufactured.
  • the advantage of the one-piece conductor, ie waveguide 5 and spur conductor 8, is that there are no contact resistances at the connection point 9.
  • the dimensioning of the width and length of the waveguide 5 and the stub 8 with a defined material thickness d is such that the wave resistance of the waveguide section 13a is equal to the wave resistance of the waveguide section 13b.
  • the two wave resistances of the waveguide sections 13a and 13b are lower than the wave resistance of the high-frequency line to be connected.
  • the characteristic impedances of the waveguide sections 13a and 13b are e.g. approx. 45 ⁇ .
  • the wave resistance of the stub 8 is, however, significantly increased compared to the wave resistance of the radio frequency line, in the given numerical example about 95 ⁇ . This combination results in a wave resistance of 50 ⁇ for the entire lightning protection device for the frequency range from 470 MHz to 862 MHz.
  • An RF signal transported via the high-frequency line "sees" the lightning protection device 1 as a continuous high-frequency line section with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.
  • the waveguide 5 'in turn consists of two
  • Waveguide sections 13a 'and 13b 1 which in two
  • the branch conductor 8 ' branches off from connection point 9'.
  • the spur conductor 8 ' is curved at its end facing away from the connection point 9'. The end is fixed in a groove 21 'by clamping.
  • the branch conductor 8 ' is arranged in the further shaft 17'. Between the shafts 6a 1 and 17 ', and the shafts 17' and 6b ', webs 19' are formed which are provided with threaded bores for receiving screws for fastening a housing cover (not shown).
  • the geometry of the shafts 6a 'and 6b' is chosen so that the waveguide 5 'can be arranged in such a way that there is a constant distance between the waveguide 5' and the shaft walls. With the exception of the area of the threaded bores, the distance on both sides of the branch conductor 8 'to the shaft walls 16' of the further shaft 17 'is also constant and the same size on both sides.
  • the two waveguide sections 13a 'and 13b' each run along an arc, the centers of the two arcs Ma and Mb being offset from the center line 23 '.
  • the two waveguide sections 13a' and 13b ' are thereby connected to one another by a short straight piece of the waveguide 5'.
  • the course from the connection sides 24a and 24b to section a likewise follows an arc.
  • the waveguide 5 ' being identical to the waveguide 5' of FIG. 5.
  • the stub 8 ' 1 runs along a center line 23''with respect to which the waveguide is symmetrical.

Abstract

The invention relates to a lightening protection device for high frequency lines having a defined impedance level, whereby the lightening protection device (1) comprises a waveguide (5) arranged in a lightening protection support (2) and a pitch conductor (8) branching from said wave guide, the end of the conductor opposite a connecting point (9) with the waveguide (5) being connected to a ground potential. The waveguide (5) of the lightening protection device (1) is made of two waveguide conductor sections (13a, 13b), whereby the impedance level thereof is lower than the impedance level of the connected high frequency line. The impedance level of the pitch conductor (8) is higher than the impedance level of the connected high frequency line.

Description

Brei bandige Blitzschutzvorrichtung Porridge-shaped lightning protection device
Die Erfindung betrifft eine • breitbandige Blitzschutzvorrichtung für Hoch requenzleitungen.The invention relates to a • broadband lightning protection device for high frequency lines.
Blitzschutzvorrichtungen für Hochfreguenzleitungen werden beispielsweise benötigt, um Fernseh- und Rundfunk- Sendeanlagen bei einem Einschlag eines Blitzes in einen Sendemast vor Beschädigungen zu schützen. Übliche Blitzschutzvorrichtungen sind beispielsweise aus Werner Gierlach, "Das DARC Antennen Buch", Kap. 9.1 "Blitzschutz", DARC-Verlag, 1999, ISBN 3-88692-28-3 bekannt.Lightning protection devices for high-frequency lines are required, for example, to protect television and radio broadcasting systems from damage when a lightning strikes a transmission mast. Usual lightning protection devices are for example from Werner Gierlach, "Das DARC antennas book", chap. 9.1 "Blitzschutz", DARC-Verlag, 1999, ISBN 3-88692-28-3 known.
Ein Problem dabei ist, daß der Blitzschutz entweder ungenügend ist oder für eine Änderung der Frequenz eine entsprechende KanalabStimmung der Blitzschutzvorrichtung erfolgen muß.A problem with this is that the lightning protection is either insufficient or a corresponding channel tuning of the lightning protection device has to be carried out to change the frequency.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Blitzschutzvorrichtung zu schaffen, welche eine geringe breitbandige Durchgangsdämpfung und einen minimalen Reflexionsfaktor für das Hohfrequenzsignal aufweist.The invention has for its object to provide a lightning protection device which has a low broadband transmission loss and a minimum reflection factor for the high frequency signal.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Blitzschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by a lightning protection device according to claim 1.
Der Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung liegt in der Einbeziehung eines Abschnitts des Wellenleiters in den Blitzschutz. Zwischen den Anschlüssen der Zuleitung der Blitzschutzvorrichtung zur Hochfrequenzleitung ist ein Wellenleiter angeordnet, der einen kleineren Wellenwiderstand als die Hochfrequenzzuleitung besitzt. Die als Stichleitung ausgebildete Kurzschlußleitung weist dagegen einen höheren Wellenwiderstand auf. In dieser Kombination von Abschnitten des Wellenleiters mit niedrigeren Wellenwiderständen mit einer Kurzschlußverbindung mit größerem Wellenwiderstand ergibt sich die erwünschte Breitbandigkeit der gesamten Bitzschutzvorrichtung. Gleichzeitig wird eine geringe Durchgangsdämpfung erreicht .The advantage of the solution according to the invention lies in the inclusion of a section of the waveguide in the lightning protection. A waveguide is arranged between the connections of the supply line of the lightning protection device to the high-frequency line, which has a lower characteristic impedance than the high-frequency supply line. The short-circuit line designed as a stub line, on the other hand, has a higher characteristic impedance. In this combination of sections of the waveguide with lower wave resistances with a Short-circuit connection with larger wave resistance results in the desired broadband of the entire bit protection device. At the same time, low throughput attenuation is achieved.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen breitbandigen Blitzschutzvorrichtung möglich.Advantageous developments of the broadband lightning protection device according to the invention are possible through the measures listed in the subclaims.
Insbesondere ist es vorteilhaft, die Wellenwiderstände der Teilstrecken des Blitzschutzes so auszulegen, daß zwischen den Anschlüssen der Blitzschutzvorrichtung an die Hochfrequenzleitung ein Gesamtwellenwiderstand ausgebildet ist, der identisch mit dem Wellenwiderstand der Hochfrequenzleitung ist.In particular, it is advantageous to design the wave resistances of the sections of the lightning protection so that a total wave resistance is formed between the connections of the lightning protection device to the high-frequency line, which is identical to the wave resistance of the high-frequency line.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Blitzschutzvorrichtung ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung erläutert. Es zeigen:A lightning protection device according to the invention is shown in the drawings and explained in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Blitzschutzvorrichtung;Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a lightning protection device according to the invention.
Fig.2 eine erste Seitenansicht des ersten2 shows a first side view of the first
Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßenEmbodiment of the invention
Blitzschutzvorrichtung bei abgenommenem Gehäusedeckel ;Lightning protection device with removed housing cover;
Fig. 3 eine zweite, um 90° gedrehte Seitenansicht des ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßenFig. 3 shows a second, 90 ° rotated side view of the first embodiment of the invention
Blitzschutzvorrichtung bei abgenommenem Gehäusedeckel ;Lightning protection device with removed housing cover;
Fig. 4 eine Darstellung einer Stirnseite des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Blitzschutzvorrichtung bei abgenommenem Gehäusedeckel ; Fig. 5 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel mit in einer Ebene angeordnetem Wellenleiter und Stichleitung; und4 shows an illustration of an end face of the first exemplary embodiment of the lightning protection device according to the invention with the housing cover removed; 5 shows a second exemplary embodiment with a waveguide and stub arranged in one plane; and
Fig. 6 eine drittes Ausführungsbeispiel mit in einer Ebene angeordnetem Wellenleiter und Stichleitung.Fig. 6 shows a third embodiment with the waveguide and stub arranged in one plane.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1. Die Außengeometrie der Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 wird dabei durch einen im wesentlichen quaderförmigen Blitzschutzträger 2 vorgegeben, an dem an zwei gegenüberliegenden Seitenflächen ein Eingangs- und ein Ausgangsanschluß 3a und 3b angeordnet sind. An dem Eingangs- und Ausgangsanschluß 3a und 3b ist eine nicht dargestellte Hochfrequenzleitung anschließbar, beispielsweise eine Koaxialleitung. Mittels eines Gehäusedeckels 4 wird der Blitzschutzträger 2 geschlossen. Zur Befestigung des Gehäusedeckels 4 sind mehrere Verschraubungen vorgesehen, die etwa gleichmäßig über alle Auflageflächen des Gehäusedeckels 4 an dem Blitzschutzträger 2 verteilt sind.1 shows a perspective view of a first exemplary embodiment of a lightning protection device 1 according to the invention. The outer geometry of the lightning protection device 1 is predetermined by an essentially cuboid lightning protection support 2, on which an input and an output connection 3a and 3b are arranged on two opposite side surfaces. A high-frequency line (not shown), for example a coaxial line, can be connected to the input and output terminals 3a and 3b. The lightning protection support 2 is closed by means of a housing cover 4. To fasten the housing cover 4, a plurality of screw connections are provided, which are distributed approximately uniformly over all contact surfaces of the housing cover 4 on the lightning protection support 2.
Bei Verwendung von Koaxialleitern als Hochfrequenzleitungen weisen der Eingangs- und Ausgangsanschluß 3a und 3b einen nicht dargestellten Mittelkontakt auf. Die Verbindung der beiden Mittelkontakte des Eingangs- und des Ausgangsanschlusses 3a und 3b erfolgt über einen Wellenleiter 5. Der Wellenleiter 5 verläuft in zwei parallel zueinander in den Blitzschutzträger 2 eingearbeiteten Schächten 6a und 6b und ist mittels einer Lötverbindung 7 mit den Mittelkontakten der Eingangs- und Ausgangsanschlüsse 3a und 3b verbunden.When using coaxial conductors as high-frequency lines, the input and output connections 3a and 3b have a center contact (not shown). The connection of the two center contacts of the input and output connections 3a and 3b takes place via a waveguide 5. The waveguide 5 runs in two shafts 6a and 6b machined parallel to one another in the lightning protection carrier 2 and is connected to the center contacts of the input and Output terminals 3a and 3b connected.
In der Mitte zwischen den beiden Anschlüssen 3a und 3b ist ein Stichleiter 8 mit dem Wellenleiter 5 verbunden. Der Wellenleiter 5 und der Stichleiter 8 sind vorzugsweise einstückig ausgebildet . Im Bereich der Verbindungsstelle 9 ist eine Bohrung 10 in den Wellenleiter 5 eingebracht, die der Aufnahme eines Zapfens eines isolierenden Abstandshalters 11 dient. Der Abstandshalter 11 ist zwischen dem Wellenleiter 5 und einem Trennsteg 12 angeordnet und beispielsweise aus Teflon gefertigt. Der Trennsteg 12 trennt die beiden Schächte 6a und 6b voneinander und wird durch Ausarbeiten der Schächte 6a und 6b in dem Blitzschutzträger 2 ausgebildet .A stub 8 is connected to the waveguide 5 in the middle between the two connections 3a and 3b. The waveguide 5 and the stub 8 are preferably formed in one piece. In the area of the connection point 9, a bore 10 is made in the waveguide 5, which accommodates a pin of an insulating one Spacer 11 is used. The spacer 11 is arranged between the waveguide 5 and a separating web 12 and is made, for example, of Teflon. The separating web 12 separates the two shafts 6a and 6b from one another and is formed in the lightning protection carrier 2 by working out the shafts 6a and 6b.
In der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Seitenansicht der Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 ist zu erkennen, daß der Wellenleiter 5 zwei Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a und 13b aufweist, die symmetrisch in dem Blitzschutzträger 2 angeordnet sind und gemeinsam eine U-förmige Geometrie ausbilden. Die beiden Schächte 6a und 6b sind an einer ersten Stirnseite 14 des Blitzschutzkörers 2 geschlossen. Zu der gegenüberliegenden zweiten Stirnseite 15 hin sind die beiden Schächte 6a und 6b offen. Das der zweiten Stirnseite 15 zugewandte Ende des Trennstegs 12 ist von der zweiten Stirnseite 15 beabstandet, so daß sich bei montiertem Gehäusedeckel 4 zwischen dem stirnseitigen Ende des Trennstegs 12 und dem Gehäusedeckel 4 ein VerbindungsSchacht ergibt, dessen Breite der Breite der beiden Schächte 6a und 6b entspricht.In the side view of the lightning protection device 1 shown in FIG. 2 it can be seen that the waveguide 5 has two waveguide sections 13a and 13b, which are arranged symmetrically in the lightning protection carrier 2 and together form a U-shaped geometry. The two shafts 6a and 6b are closed on a first end face 14 of the lightning protection element 2. The two shafts 6a and 6b are open towards the opposite second end face 15. The end of the separating web 12 facing the second end 15 is spaced from the second end 15, so that when the housing cover 4 is mounted, a connecting shaft results between the front end of the separating web 12 and the housing cover 4, the width of which corresponds to the width of the two shafts 6a and 6b equivalent.
Der Wellenleiter 5 ist in dem sich so ergebenden ebenfalls U-fδrmigen Schacht, bestehend aus den beiden parallelen Schächten 6a und 6b sowie deren Verbindungsschacht symmetrisch angeordnet. Die Begrenzungsflächen des aus einem leitenden Material gefertigten Blitzschutzträgers 2 liegen auf Massepotential und sind über die Anschlüsse 3a und 3b mit der Abschirmung der als Koaxialleitung ausgeführten Hochfrequenzleitung verbunden. Der Wellenleiter 5 bildet somit zusammen mit den Begrenzungsflächen der Schächte 6a und 6b sowie dem stirnseitigen Ende des Trennstegs 12 einerseits und dem Gehäusedeckel 4 andererseits eine Triplate-Leitung aus. Der Wellenleiter 5 weist eine über seine Gesamtlänge konstante Materialstärke d auf und kann damit aus einer Blechtafel entsprechender Dicke durch Stanzen oder Schneiden und anschließendes Biegen gefertigt werden. In Fig. 3 ist die erfindungsgemäße Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 in einer stirnseitigen Ansicht dargestellt. Darin ist eine Ausnehmung 16 gezeigt, durch die ein von der den parallen Schächten 6a und 6b gegenüberliegenden Seite offener weiterer Schacht 17 in den Blitzschutzträger 2 eingebracht ist. Der in diesem weiteren Schacht 17 verlaufenden Stichleiter 8 verläuft ausgehend von der Verbindungsstelle 9 bis zu Mitte des weiteren Schachts 17 entlang der Mittelachse 18 der Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 und von dort bis zu seinem Ende parallel zu den Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a und 13b, wie in Fig. 4 dargestellt. Bei aufgesetztem Gehäusedeckel 4 bildet der Stichleiter 8 ebenfalls eine Triplate-Leitung.The waveguide 5 is arranged symmetrically in the thus also U-shaped shaft, consisting of the two parallel shafts 6a and 6b and their connecting shaft. The boundary surfaces of the lightning protection carrier 2 made of a conductive material are at ground potential and are connected via the connections 3a and 3b to the shielding of the high-frequency line designed as a coaxial line. The waveguide 5 thus forms a triplate line together with the boundary surfaces of the shafts 6a and 6b and the front end of the separating web 12 on the one hand and the housing cover 4 on the other hand. The waveguide 5 has a material thickness d that is constant over its entire length and can thus be produced from a sheet of metal of corresponding thickness by punching or cutting and subsequent bending. The lightning protection device 1 according to the invention is shown in an end view in FIG. 3. A recess 16 is shown therein, through which a further shaft 17, which is open from the side opposite the parallel shafts 6a and 6b, is introduced into the lightning protection carrier 2. The branch conductor 8 running in this further shaft 17 extends from the connection point 9 to the center of the further shaft 17 along the central axis 18 of the lightning protection device 1 and from there to its end parallel to the waveguide sections 13a and 13b, as shown in FIG. 4 , When the housing cover 4 is in place, the stub 8 also forms a triplate line.
Zwischen den parallelen Schächten 6a und 6b und dem in seiner Längsausdehnung ebenfalls hierzu parallelen weiteren Schachts 17 ist ein weiterer Steg 19 ausgebildet.A further web 19 is formed between the parallel shafts 6a and 6b and the further shaft 17, which is also parallel in its longitudinal extent.
In Fig. 4 ist eine weitere Seitenansicht dargestellt, die bezüglich der ersten Seitenansicht aus Fig. 2 um 180° um die Längsachse der Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 gedreht ist. Der Stichleiter 8 verläuft entlang einer Mittelachse 23 der Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 in dem weiteren Schacht 17. Der weitere Schacht 17 ist an seinem von der Verbindungsstelle 9 abgewandten Ende zur der Stirnseite 14 der Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 geschlossen. In dem weiteren Schacht 17 ist auf seiner geschlossenen Seite ein Plateau 20 herausgearbeitet, in das eine mit der Breite des Stichleiters 8 korrespondierende Nut 21 eingebracht ist. Die Höhe des Plateaus 20 ist dabei so bemessen, daß der Stichleiter 8 mittels eines nicht dargestellten Klemmstegs, der über in dem Plateau 20 eingearbeitete Gewindebohrungen 22 zu befestigen ist, mit dem Blitzschutzträger 2 zu verbinden.FIG. 4 shows a further side view, which is rotated by 180 ° about the longitudinal axis of the lightning protection device 1 with respect to the first side view from FIG. 2. The branch conductor 8 runs along a central axis 23 of the lightning protection device 1 in the further shaft 17. The further shaft 17 is closed at its end facing away from the connection point 9 to the front side 14 of the lightning protection device 1. In the further shaft 17, a plateau 20 is worked out on its closed side, into which a groove 21 corresponding to the width of the stub conductor 8 is made. The height of the plateau 20 is dimensioned such that the spur conductor 8 is connected to the lightning protection support 2 by means of a clamping web (not shown) which is to be fastened via threaded holes 22 incorporated in the plateau 20.
Die Dickenausdehnung des Stichleiters 8 ist identisch mit der Materialstärke d des Wellenleiters 5, so daß Wellenleiter 5 und Stichleiter 8 in einem gemeinsamen Prozeß gefertigt werden können. Insbesondere ergibt sich durch den einteiligen Leiter, also Wellenleiter 5 und Stichleiter 8 der Vorteil, daß an der Verbindungsstelle 9 keine Übergangswiderstände auftreten.The thickness of the stub 8 is identical to the material thickness d of the waveguide 5, so that the waveguide 5 and stub 8 in a common process can be manufactured. In particular, the advantage of the one-piece conductor, ie waveguide 5 and spur conductor 8, is that there are no contact resistances at the connection point 9.
Die Dimensionierung der Breite und Länge des Welleneleiters 5 und des Stichleiters 8 bei festgelegte Materialstärke d erfolgt so, daß der Wellenwiderstand der Wellenleiterteilstrecke 13a gleich dem Wellenwiderstand der Wellenleiterteilstrecke 13b ist. Die beiden Wellenwiderstände der Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a und 13b sind dabei niedriger als der Wellenwiderstand der anzuschließenden Hochfrequenzleitung. Für eine Koaxialleitung als Hochfrequenzleitung mit einem Wellenwiderstand von 50 Ω sind die Wellenwiderstände der Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a und 13b z.B. ca. 45 Ω.The dimensioning of the width and length of the waveguide 5 and the stub 8 with a defined material thickness d is such that the wave resistance of the waveguide section 13a is equal to the wave resistance of the waveguide section 13b. The two wave resistances of the waveguide sections 13a and 13b are lower than the wave resistance of the high-frequency line to be connected. For a coaxial line as a high-frequency line with a characteristic impedance of 50 Ω, the characteristic impedances of the waveguide sections 13a and 13b are e.g. approx. 45 Ω.
Der Wellenwiderstand des Stichleiters 8 ist dagegen deutlich erhöht gegenüber dem Wellenwiderstand der Hochfrequenzleitung, im angegebenen Zahlenbeispiel etwa 95 Ω. Durch diese Kombination ergibt sich für den Frequenzbereich von 470 MHz bis 862 MHz ein Wellenwiderstand für die gesamte Blitzschutzvorrichtung von 50 Ω. Ein über die Hochfrequenzleitung transportiertes HF-Signal "sieht" also die Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 als ein durchgehendes Hochfrequenzleitungsstück mit einem Wellenwiderstand von 50 Ohm.The wave resistance of the stub 8 is, however, significantly increased compared to the wave resistance of the radio frequency line, in the given numerical example about 95 Ω. This combination results in a wave resistance of 50 Ω for the entire lightning protection device for the frequency range from 470 MHz to 862 MHz. An RF signal transported via the high-frequency line "sees" the lightning protection device 1 as a continuous high-frequency line section with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.
Neben der in den Fig. 1 bis 4 dargestellte Lösung zu Anordnung des Wellenleiters 5 und des Stichleiters 8 sind unter Beibehaltung der Bedingungen für die Wellenwiderstände auch andere geometrische Ausprägungen möglich. Zwei solcher Beispiele sind in den Fig. 5 und 6 dargestellt.In addition to the solution for arranging the waveguide 5 and the stub 8 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, other geometrical characteristics are possible while maintaining the conditions for the wave resistances. Two such examples are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
In Fig. 5 besteht der Wellenleiter 5' wiederum aus zwei5, the waveguide 5 'in turn consists of two
Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a' und 13b1, die in zweiWaveguide sections 13a 'and 13b 1 , which in two
Schächten 6a' und 6b' angeordnet sind. An derShafts 6a 'and 6b' are arranged. At the
Verbindungsstelle 9' zweigt der Stichleiter 8' ab. Die beiden Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a1 und 13b' und der Stichleiter 8 ' sind in einem Abschnitt a parallel zueinander angeordnet .The branch conductor 8 'branches off from connection point 9'. The two waveguide sections 13a 1 and 13b 'and the Branch conductors 8 'are arranged in a section a parallel to one another.
Zur Verringerung des benötigten Bauraums ist der Stichleiter 8 ' an seinem von der Verbindungsstelle 9 ' abgewandten Ende gekrümmt ausgeführt. Das Ende ist in einer Nut 21' durch Klemmen fixiert . Der Stichleiter 8 ' ist in dem weiteren Schacht 17' angeordnet. Zwischen den Schächten 6a1 und 17', sowie den Schächten 17' und 6b' sind Stege 19' ausgebildet, die zur Befestigung eines nicht dargestellten Gehäusedeckels mit Gewindebohrungen zur Aufnahme von Schrauben versehen sind. Die Geometrie der Schächte 6a' und 6b' ist so gewählt, daß der Wellenleiter 5 ' so darin angeordnet werden kann, daß sich zwischen dem Wellenleiter 5 ' und den Schachtwänden ein konstanter Abstand ergibt. Mit Ausnahme des Bereichs der Gewindebohrungen ist der Abstand auf beiden Seiten des Stichleiters 8 ' zur den Schachtwänden 16 ' des weiteren Schachts 17' ebenfalls konstant und auf beiden Seiten gleich groß.To reduce the installation space required, the spur conductor 8 'is curved at its end facing away from the connection point 9'. The end is fixed in a groove 21 'by clamping. The branch conductor 8 'is arranged in the further shaft 17'. Between the shafts 6a 1 and 17 ', and the shafts 17' and 6b ', webs 19' are formed which are provided with threaded bores for receiving screws for fastening a housing cover (not shown). The geometry of the shafts 6a 'and 6b' is chosen so that the waveguide 5 'can be arranged in such a way that there is a constant distance between the waveguide 5' and the shaft walls. With the exception of the area of the threaded bores, the distance on both sides of the branch conductor 8 'to the shaft walls 16' of the further shaft 17 'is also constant and the same size on both sides.
Zwischen den beiden parallelen Teilstücken der Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a' und 13b' im Abschnitt a verlaufen die beiden Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a' und 13b' jeweils entlang eines Kreisbogens, wobei die Mittelpunkte der beiden Kreisbögen Ma und Mb versetzt zu der Mittellinie 23' sind. Im Bereich der Verbindungsstelle 9' sind die beiden Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a' und 13b' dadurch durch ein kurzes gerades Stück des Wellenleiters 5 ' miteinander verbunden. Der Verlauf von den Anschlußseiten 24a und 24b bis zu dem Abschnitt a folgt ebenfalls jeweils einem Kreisbogen.Between the two parallel sections of the waveguide sections 13a 'and 13b' in section a, the two waveguide sections 13a 'and 13b' each run along an arc, the centers of the two arcs Ma and Mb being offset from the center line 23 '. In the area of the connection point 9 ', the two waveguide sections 13a' and 13b 'are thereby connected to one another by a short straight piece of the waveguide 5'. The course from the connection sides 24a and 24b to section a likewise follows an arc.
In Fig. 6 ist ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt, wobei der Wellenleiter 5' mit dem Wellenleiter 5' der Fig. 5 identisch ist. Der Stichleiter 8'1 verläuft jedoch entlang einer Mittellinie 23'' bezüglich der der Wellenleiter symmetrisch ist. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment, the waveguide 5 'being identical to the waveguide 5' of FIG. 5. However, the stub 8 ' 1 runs along a center line 23''with respect to which the waveguide is symmetrical.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Breitbandige Blitzschutzvorrichtung für Hochfrequenzleitungen mit einem definierten Wellenwiderstand, wobei die Blitzschutzvorrichung (1) einen Wellenleiter (5) und einen davon abzweigenden Stichleiter (8) umfaßt, dessen von einer Verbindungsstelle (9) mit dem Wellenleiter (5) abgewandtes Ende mit einem Massepotential verbunden ist, und wobei der Wellenleiter (5) der Blitzschutzvorrichtung (1) durch die Verbindungsstelle (9) in zwei Wellenleiterteilstrecken (13a, 13b) gegliedert ist, deren Wellenwiderstand gegenüber dem Wellenwiderstand der angeschlossenen Hochfrequenzleitung reduziert ist, und der Wellenwiderstand des Stichleiters (8) gegenüber dem Wellenwiderstand der angeschlossenen Hochfrequenzleitung erhöht ist.1. broadband lightning protection device for high-frequency lines with a defined characteristic impedance, the lightning protection device (1) comprising a waveguide (5) and a branch conductor (8) branching therefrom, the end of which, facing away from a connection point (9) with the waveguide (5), has a ground potential and the waveguide (5) of the lightning protection device (1) is divided by the connection point (9) into two waveguide sections (13a, 13b), the wave impedance of which is reduced compared to the wave resistance of the connected high-frequency line, and the wave resistance of the stub wire (8 ) is increased compared to the wave resistance of the connected high-frequency line.
2. Blitzschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wellenwiderstand der beiden Wellenleiterteilstrecken (13a, 13b) identisch ist.2. Lightning protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wave resistance of the two waveguide sections (13a, 13b) is identical.
3. Blitzschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis der Wellenwiderstände des Stichleiters (8) und der Wellenleiterteilstrecken (13a, 13b) so gewählt ist, daß der sich daraus ergebende effektive Wellenwiderstand der gesamten Blitzschutzvorrichtung (1) mit dem Wellenwiderstand der angeschlossenen Hochfrequenzleitung identisch ist .3. Lightning protection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ratio of the wave resistances of the branch conductor (8) and the waveguide sections (13a, 13b) is selected so that the resulting effective wave resistance of the entire lightning protection device (1) with the wave resistance the connected high-frequency line is identical.
4. Blitzschutzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Längenausdehnung der4. Lightning protection device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the linear expansion of the
Wellenleiterteilstrecken (13a, 13b) und die Längenausdehnung des Stichleiters (8) näherungsweise gleich sind.Waveguide sections (13a, 13b) and the length of the branch conductor (8) are approximately the same.
5. Blitzschutzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Wellenleiterteilstrecken (13a, 13b) gemeinsam eine U-förmige Geometrie ausbilden.5. Lightning protection device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the two waveguide sections (13a, 13b) together form a U-shaped geometry.
6. Blitzschutzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Bereich der Verbindungsstelle (9) von dem Stichleiter (8) und den Wellenleiterteilstrecken (13a, 13b) ein elektrisch isolierender Abstandshalter (11) zwischen dem Wellenleiter (5) und einem Blitzschutzträger (2) angeordnet ist .6. Lightning protection device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that an electrically insulating spacer (11) between the waveguide (5) and in the region of the connection point (9) from the stub conductor (8) and the waveguide sections (13a, 13b) a lightning protection support (2) is arranged.
7. Blitzschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stichleiter (8) und die Wellenleiterteilstrecken (13, 13b) zumindest über eine Teil ihrer Längenausdehnung sich parallel erstrecken.7. Lightning protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that the branch conductor (8) and the waveguide sections (13, 13b) extend parallel at least over part of their length.
8. Blitzschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das von dem Wellenleiter (5) abgewandte Ende des Stichleiters (8) mittels einer Klemmverbindung an dem Blitzschutzträger (2) fixiert ist.8. Lightning protection device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the end of the stub conductor (8) facing away from the waveguide (5) is fixed by means of a clamp connection to the lightning protection support (2).
9. Blitzschutzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wellenleiterteilstrecken (13a, 13b) und der Stichleiter (8) in jeweils einem eigenen Schacht (6a, 6b, 17) in dem Blitzschutzträger (2) angeordnet sind.9. Lightning protection device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the waveguide sections (13a, 13b) and the spur (8) are each arranged in a separate shaft (6a, 6b, 17) in the lightning protection carrier (2).
10. Blitzschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schachtwände gleichmäßig von den Wellenleiterteilstrecken (13a, 13b) und der Stichleiter (8) beabstandet sind, so daß der Wellenleiter (5) und der Stichleiter (8) als Triplate-Leitung ausgebildet sind.10. Lightning protection device according to claim 9, characterized in that the shaft walls are evenly spaced from the waveguide sections (13a, 13b) and the stub conductor (8), so that the waveguide (5) and the stub conductor (8) are designed as triplate lines.
11. Blitzschutzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Materialstärke (d) des Wellenleiters (5) und des Stichleiters (8) identisch ist.11. Lightning protection device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the material thickness (d) of the waveguide (5) and the branch conductor (8) is identical.
12 Blitzschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wellenleiterteilstrecken (13a, 13b) und der Stichleiter (8) als Stanz-Biegeteil hergestellt ist. 12 lightning protection device according to claim 11, characterized in that the waveguide sections (13a, 13b) and the branch conductor (8) is made as a stamped and bent part.
EP02738014A 2001-07-10 2002-04-30 Broad-scale lightening protection device Expired - Lifetime EP1405369B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2001133359 DE10133359A1 (en) 2001-07-10 2001-07-10 Broadband lightning protection device for high frequency lines has waveguide divided into two sections with reduced characteristic impedance compared to connected HF line by stub line
DE10133359 2001-07-10
PCT/EP2002/004761 WO2003007424A1 (en) 2001-07-10 2002-04-30 Broad-scale lightening protection device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1405369A1 true EP1405369A1 (en) 2004-04-07
EP1405369B1 EP1405369B1 (en) 2006-05-31

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EP02738014A Expired - Lifetime EP1405369B1 (en) 2001-07-10 2002-04-30 Broad-scale lightening protection device

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EP (1) EP1405369B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3960970B2 (en)
DE (2) DE10133359A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003007424A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117810693A (en) * 2024-03-01 2024-04-02 成都信息工程大学 Novel antenna feeder direct lightning striking/induction lightning protection device based on waveguide

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2254864B1 (en) * 1973-12-18 1976-10-08 Cables De Lyon Geoffroy Delore
FR2519474B1 (en) * 1982-01-05 1985-09-20 Cables De Lyon Geoffroy Delore DEVICE FOR PROTECTING A COAXIAL CABLE AGAINST LOW FREQUENCY AND HIGH POWER INTERFERENCE PULSES
FR2571550B1 (en) * 1984-10-08 1987-12-11 Teleinformatique Communic Et PROTECTION DEVICE FOR COAXIAL LINE
GB2189942A (en) * 1986-04-30 1987-11-04 Philips Electronic Associated Transmission-line bias T
IL106274A (en) * 1993-07-08 1999-09-22 Israel State Lightning protection for antenna system
CH689907A5 (en) * 1994-12-01 2000-01-14 Huber+Suhner Ag Arrangement in coaxial antenna line for protecting against overvoltages
DE19520974A1 (en) * 1995-06-08 1996-12-12 Spinner Gmbh Elektrotech Overvoltage protection for HF lines
US5771026A (en) * 1996-03-28 1998-06-23 Sti-Co Industries, Inc. Disguised broadband antenna system for vehicles
ATE282898T1 (en) * 1998-08-06 2004-12-15 Spinner Gmbh Elektrotech BROADBAND COAXIAL SURGE ARRESTER

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DE10133359A1 (en) 2003-01-23
DE50207019D1 (en) 2006-07-06
EP1405369B1 (en) 2006-05-31
JP3960970B2 (en) 2007-08-15
WO2003007424A1 (en) 2003-01-23
JP2004535132A (en) 2004-11-18

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