EP1405369B1 - Broad-scale lightening protection device - Google Patents

Broad-scale lightening protection device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1405369B1
EP1405369B1 EP02738014A EP02738014A EP1405369B1 EP 1405369 B1 EP1405369 B1 EP 1405369B1 EP 02738014 A EP02738014 A EP 02738014A EP 02738014 A EP02738014 A EP 02738014A EP 1405369 B1 EP1405369 B1 EP 1405369B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lightning protection
protection device
waveguide
conductor
waveguide portions
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EP02738014A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1405369A1 (en
Inventor
Ludwig Moll
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Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
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Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a broadband lightning protection device for high-frequency lines.
  • Lightning protection devices for high-frequency cables are required, for example, to protect television and radio transmitters when a lightning strike into a transmission mast from damage.
  • Usual lightning protection devices are, for example, Werner Gierlach, "The DARC Antenna Book”, Chap. 9.1 "lightning protection", DARC-Verlag, 1999, ISBN 3-88692-28-3 known.
  • a problem with this is that the lightning protection is either insufficient or must be made for a change in frequency a corresponding channel tuning of the lightning protection device.
  • Broadband lightning protection devices or T-connections are e.g. from EP-A-0 978 894, US-A-3,970,969, US-A-4,542,358 and GB-A-2,189,942.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an alternative lightning protection device, which has a low broadband transmission loss and a minimum reflection factor for the Hohfrequenzsignal.
  • the object is achieved by a lightning protection device according to claim 1.
  • the characteristic impedances of the segments of the lightning protection so that a total wave resistance is formed between the terminals of the lightning protection device to the high-frequency line, which is identical to the characteristic impedance of the high-frequency line.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of a lightning protection device 1 according to the invention.
  • the outer geometry of the lightning protection device 1 is predetermined by a substantially parallelepiped lightning protection carrier 2 on which an input terminal and an output terminal 3a and 3b are arranged on two opposite side surfaces.
  • a high-frequency line not shown, can be connected, for example, a coaxial line.
  • a housing cover 4 of the lightning protection carrier 2 is closed.
  • a plurality of screw connections are provided, which are distributed approximately uniformly over all bearing surfaces of the housing cover 4 on the lightning protection carrier 2.
  • the input and output terminals 3a and 3b When using coaxial conductors as high-frequency lines, the input and output terminals 3a and 3b have a center contact, not shown.
  • the waveguide 5 extends in two parallel to each other in the lightning protection carrier 2 incorporated shafts 6a and 6b and is by means of a solder joint 7 with the center contacts of the input and Output terminals 3a and 3b connected.
  • a stub 8 is connected to the waveguide 5.
  • the waveguide 5 and the stub conductor 8 are preferably formed in one piece.
  • a bore 10 is introduced into the waveguide 5, which is the receptacle of a pin of an insulating Spacer 11 is used.
  • the spacer 11 is arranged between the waveguide 5 and a separating web 12 and, for example, made of Teflon.
  • the separating web 12 separates the two shafts 6a and 6b from each other and is formed by working the shafts 6a and 6b in the lightning protection carrier 2.
  • the waveguide 5 has two waveguide sub-sections 13a and 13b, which are arranged symmetrically in the lightning protection carrier 2 and together form a U-shaped geometry.
  • the two shafts 6a and 6b are closed at a first end face 14 of the lightning protection body 2.
  • the two shafts 6a and 6b are open.
  • the second end face 15 facing the end of the divider 12 is spaced from the second end face 15, so that there is a connection shaft with mounted housing cover 4 between the front end of the divider 12 and the housing cover 4, the width of the width of the two shafts 6a and 6b equivalent.
  • the waveguide 5 is symmetrically arranged in the thus also U-shaped shaft, consisting of the two parallel shafts 6a and 6b and their connection shaft.
  • the boundary surfaces of the lightning protection carrier 2 made of a conductive material are at ground potential and are connected via the terminals 3a and 3b to the shield of the high frequency line designed as a coaxial line.
  • the waveguide 5 thus forms together with the boundary surfaces of the shafts 6a and 6b and the front end of the divider 12 on the one hand and the housing cover 4 on the other hand, a triplate line.
  • the waveguide 5 has a constant over its entire length of material thickness d and can thus be made of a metal sheet of appropriate thickness by punching or cutting and subsequent bending.
  • the lightning protection device 1 is shown in a frontal view. This shows a recess 16, through which a further shaft 17, open from the side opposite the parallel shafts 6a and 6b, is inserted into the lightning protection carrier 2.
  • the stub conductor 8 running in this further shaft 17 extends from the connection point 9 to the middle of the further shaft 17 along the center axis 18 of the lightning protection device 1 and from there to its end parallel to the waveguide sub-sections 13a and 13b, as shown in FIG , When mounted housing cover 4, the stub 8 also forms a triplate line.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further side view, which is rotated by 180 ° about the longitudinal axis of the lightning protection device 1 with respect to the first side view from FIG. 2.
  • the stub conductor 8 runs along a central axis 23 of the lightning protection device 1 in the further shaft 17.
  • the further shaft 17 is closed at its end remote from the connection point 9 to the end face 14 of the lightning protection device 1.
  • a plateau 20 is machined on its closed side, in which a corresponding with the width of the stub 8 groove 21 is introduced.
  • the height of the plateau 20 is dimensioned so that the stub 8 by means of a clamping web, not shown, which is to be fastened in the plateau 20 threaded holes 22 to connect to the lightning protection carrier 2.
  • the thickness expansion of the stub conductor 8 is identical to the material thickness d of the waveguide 5, so that waveguide 5 and stub 8 in a common process can be made.
  • the dimensioning of the width and length of the waveguide 5 and the stub conductor 8 at a specified thickness d is such that the characteristic impedance of the waveguide section 13a is equal to the characteristic impedance of the waveguide section 13b.
  • the two characteristic impedances of the waveguide sub-sections 13a and 13b are lower than the characteristic impedance of the high-frequency line to be connected.
  • the characteristic impedances of the waveguide sub-sections 13a and 13b are e.g. about 45 ⁇ .
  • the characteristic impedance of the stub conductor 8 is significantly increased compared to the characteristic impedance of the high-frequency line, in the numerical example given about 95 ⁇ .
  • This combination results in a characteristic impedance of 50 ⁇ for the entire lightning protection device for the frequency range from 470 MHz to 862 MHz.
  • An RF signal transported via the high-frequency line thus "sees" the lightning protection device 1 as a continuous high-frequency line section with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.
  • the waveguide 5 ' in turn consists of two waveguide sub-sections 13a' and 13b ', which are arranged in two shafts 6a' and 6b '.
  • the junction 9 ' branches the stub 8' from.
  • the two waveguide sub-sections 13a 'and 13b' and the Sting conductor 8 ' are arranged in a section a parallel to each other.
  • the stub conductor 8 ' is curved at its end facing away from the connection point 9'. The end is fixed in a groove 21 'by clamping.
  • the stub 8 ' is disposed in the further shaft 17'.
  • the geometry of the shafts 6a 'and 6b' is selected so that the waveguide 5 'can be arranged therein so that there is a constant spacing between the waveguide 5' and the shaft walls. With the exception of the area of the threaded bores, the distance on both sides of the stub conductor 8 'to the shaft walls 16' of the further shaft 17 'is also constant and the same on both sides.
  • the two waveguide sub-sections 13a 'and 13b' each extend along a circular arc, the centers of the two circular arcs Ma and Mb being offset from the center line 23 '.
  • the two waveguide sub-sections 13a' and 13b ' are thereby interconnected by a short straight piece of the waveguide 5'.
  • the course from the terminal sides 24a and 24b to the section a also follows a circular arc.
  • Fig. 6 a further embodiment is shown, wherein the waveguide 5 'with the waveguide 5' of FIG. 5 is identical. However, the stub conductor 8 "extends along a center line 23" with respect to which the waveguide is symmetrical.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine breitbandige Blitzschutzvorrichtung für Hochfrequenzleitungen.The invention relates to a broadband lightning protection device for high-frequency lines.

Blitzschutzvorrichtungen für Hochfrequenzleitungen werden beispielsweise benötigt, um Fernseh- und Rundfunk-Sendeanlagen bei einem Einschlag eines Blitzes in einen Sendemast vor Beschädigungen zu schützen. Übliche Blitzschutzvorrichtungen sind beispielsweise aus Werner Gierlach, "Das DARC Antennen Buch", Kap. 9.1 "Blitzschutz", DARC-Verlag, 1999, ISBN 3-88692-28-3 bekannt.Lightning protection devices for high-frequency cables are required, for example, to protect television and radio transmitters when a lightning strike into a transmission mast from damage. Usual lightning protection devices are, for example, Werner Gierlach, "The DARC Antenna Book", Chap. 9.1 "lightning protection", DARC-Verlag, 1999, ISBN 3-88692-28-3 known.

Ein Problem dabei ist, daß der Blitzschutz entweder ungenügend ist oder für eine Änderung der Frequenz eine entsprechende Kanalabstimmung der Blitzschutzvorrichtung erfolgen muß. Breitbandige Blitzschutzvorrichtungen oder T-Verbindungen sind z.B. aus EP-A-0 978 894, US-A-3,970,969, US-A-4,542,358 und GB-A-2 189 942 bekannt.A problem with this is that the lightning protection is either insufficient or must be made for a change in frequency a corresponding channel tuning of the lightning protection device. Broadband lightning protection devices or T-connections are e.g. from EP-A-0 978 894, US-A-3,970,969, US-A-4,542,358 and GB-A-2,189,942.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine alternative Blitzschutzvorrichtung zu schaffen, welche eine geringe breitbandige Durchgangsdämpfung und einen minimalen Reflexionsfaktor für das Hohfrequenzsignal aufweist.The invention has for its object to provide an alternative lightning protection device, which has a low broadband transmission loss and a minimum reflection factor for the Hohfrequenzsignal.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Blitzschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by a lightning protection device according to claim 1.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen breitbandigen Blitzschutzvorrichtung möglich.The measures listed in the dependent claims advantageous refinements of the broadband lightning protection device according to the invention are possible.

Insbesondere ist es vorteilhaft, die Wellenwiderstände der Teilstrecken des Blitzschutzes so auszulegen, daß zwischen den Anschlüssen der Blitzschutzvorrichtung an die Hochfrequenzleitung ein Gesamtwellenwiderstand ausgebildet ist, der identisch mit dem Wellenwiderstand der Hochfrequenzleitung ist.In particular, it is advantageous to design the characteristic impedances of the segments of the lightning protection so that a total wave resistance is formed between the terminals of the lightning protection device to the high-frequency line, which is identical to the characteristic impedance of the high-frequency line.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Blitzschutzvorrichtung ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Blitzschutzvorrichtung;
Fig.2
eine erste Seitenansicht des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Blitzschutzvorrichtung bei abgenommenem Gehäusedeckel;
Fig. 3
eine zweite, um 90° gedrehte Seitenansicht des ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Blitzschutzvorrichtung bei abgenommenem Gehäusedeckel;
Fig. 4
eine Darstellung einer Stirnseite des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Blitzschutzvorrichtung bei abgenommenem Gehäusedeckel;
Fig. 5
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel mit in einer Ebene angeordnetem Wellenleiter und Stichleitung; und
Fig. 6
eine drittes Ausführungsbeispiel mit in einer Ebene angeordnetem Wellenleiter und Stichleitung.
A lightning protection device according to the invention is illustrated in the drawings and explained in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a first embodiment of a lightning protection device according to the invention;
Fig.2
a first side view of the first embodiment of the lightning protection device according to the invention with the housing cover removed;
Fig. 3
a second, rotated by 90 ° side view of the first embodiment of the lightning protection device according to the invention with the housing cover removed;
Fig. 4
an illustration of an end face of the first embodiment of the lightning protection device according to the invention with the housing cover removed;
Fig. 5
a second embodiment with arranged in a plane waveguide and stub line; and
Fig. 6
a third embodiment with arranged in a plane waveguide and stub.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1. Die Außengeometrie der Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 wird dabei durch einen im wesentlichen quaderförmigen Blitzschutzträger 2 vorgegeben, an dem an zwei gegenüberliegenden Seitenflächen ein Eingangs- und ein Ausgangsanschluß 3a und 3b angeordnet sind. An dem Eingangs- und Ausgangsanschluß 3a und 3b ist eine nicht dargestellte Hochfrequenzleitung anschließbar, beispielsweise eine Koaxialleitung. Mittels eines Gehäusedeckels 4 wird der Blitzschutzträger 2 geschlossen. Zur Befestigung des Gehäusedeckels 4 sind mehrere Verschraubungen vorgesehen, die etwa gleichmäßig über alle Auflageflächen des Gehäusedeckels 4 an dem Blitzschutzträger 2 verteilt sind.1 shows a perspective illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of a lightning protection device 1 according to the invention. The outer geometry of the lightning protection device 1 is predetermined by a substantially parallelepiped lightning protection carrier 2 on which an input terminal and an output terminal 3a and 3b are arranged on two opposite side surfaces. At the input and output terminals 3a and 3b, a high-frequency line, not shown, can be connected, for example, a coaxial line. By means of a housing cover 4 of the lightning protection carrier 2 is closed. For fastening the housing cover 4, a plurality of screw connections are provided, which are distributed approximately uniformly over all bearing surfaces of the housing cover 4 on the lightning protection carrier 2.

Bei Verwendung von Koaxialleitern als Hochfrequenzleitungen weisen der Eingangs- und Ausgangsanschluß 3a und 3b einen nicht dargestellten Mittelkontakt auf. Die Verbindung der beiden Mittelkontakte des Eingangs- und des Ausgangsanschlusses 3a und 3b erfolgt über einen Wellenleiter 5. Der Wellenleiter 5 verläuft in zwei parallel zueinander in den Blitzschutzträger 2 eingearbeiteten Schächten 6a und 6b und ist mittels einer Lötverbindung 7 mit den Mittelkontakten der Eingangs- und Ausgangsanschlüsse 3a und 3b verbunden.When using coaxial conductors as high-frequency lines, the input and output terminals 3a and 3b have a center contact, not shown. The connection of the two center contacts of the input and output terminals 3a and 3b via a waveguide 5. The waveguide 5 extends in two parallel to each other in the lightning protection carrier 2 incorporated shafts 6a and 6b and is by means of a solder joint 7 with the center contacts of the input and Output terminals 3a and 3b connected.

In der Mitte zwischen den beiden Anschlüssen 3a und 3b ist ein Stichleiter 8 mit dem Wellenleiter 5 verbunden. Der Wellenleiter 5 und der Stichleiter 8 sind vorzugsweise einstückig ausgebildet. Im Bereich der Verbindungsstelle 9 ist eine Bohrung 10 in den Wellenleiter 5 eingebracht, die der Aufnahme eines Zapfens eines isolierenden Abstandshalters 11 dient. Der Abstandshalter 11 ist zwischen dem Wellenleiter 5 und einem Trennsteg 12 angeordnet und beispielsweise aus Teflon gefertigt. Der Trennsteg 12 trennt die beiden Schächte 6a und 6b voneinander und wird durch Ausarbeiten der Schächte 6a und 6b in dem Blitzschutzträger 2 ausgebildet.In the middle between the two terminals 3a and 3b, a stub 8 is connected to the waveguide 5. The waveguide 5 and the stub conductor 8 are preferably formed in one piece. In the region of the connection point 9, a bore 10 is introduced into the waveguide 5, which is the receptacle of a pin of an insulating Spacer 11 is used. The spacer 11 is arranged between the waveguide 5 and a separating web 12 and, for example, made of Teflon. The separating web 12 separates the two shafts 6a and 6b from each other and is formed by working the shafts 6a and 6b in the lightning protection carrier 2.

In der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Seitenansicht der Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 ist zu erkennen, daß der Wellenleiter 5 zwei Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a und 13b aufweist, die symmetrisch in dem Blitzschutzträger 2 angeordnet sind und gemeinsam eine U-förmige Geometrie ausbilden. Die beiden Schächte 6a und 6b sind an einer ersten Stirnseite 14 des Blitzschutzkörers 2 geschlossen. Zu der gegenüberliegenden zweiten Stirnseite 15 hin sind die beiden Schächte 6a und 6b offen. Das der zweiten Stirnseite 15 zugewandte Ende des Trennstegs 12 ist von der zweiten Stirnseite 15 beabstandet, so daß sich bei montiertem Gehäusedeckel 4 zwischen dem stirnseitigen Ende des Trennstegs 12 und dem Gehäusedeckel 4 ein Verbindungsschacht ergibt, dessen Breite der Breite der beiden Schächte 6a und 6b entspricht.In the side view of the lightning protection device 1 shown in Fig. 2 it can be seen that the waveguide 5 has two waveguide sub-sections 13a and 13b, which are arranged symmetrically in the lightning protection carrier 2 and together form a U-shaped geometry. The two shafts 6a and 6b are closed at a first end face 14 of the lightning protection body 2. Towards the opposite second end face 15, the two shafts 6a and 6b are open. The second end face 15 facing the end of the divider 12 is spaced from the second end face 15, so that there is a connection shaft with mounted housing cover 4 between the front end of the divider 12 and the housing cover 4, the width of the width of the two shafts 6a and 6b equivalent.

Der Wellenleiter 5 ist in dem sich so ergebenden ebenfalls U-förmigen Schacht, bestehend aus den beiden parallelen Schächten 6a und 6b sowie deren Verbindungsschacht symmetrisch angeordnet. Die Begrenzungsflächen des aus einem leitenden Material gefertigten Blitzschutzträgers 2 liegen auf Massepotential und sind über die Anschlüsse 3a und 3b mit der Abschirmung der als Koaxialleitung ausgeführten Hochfrequenzleitung verbunden. Der Wellenleiter 5 bildet somit zusammen mit den Begrenzungsflächen der Schächte 6a und 6b sowie dem stirnseitigen Ende des Trennstegs 12 einerseits und dem Gehäusedeckel 4 andererseits eine Triplate-Leitung aus. Der Wellenleiter 5 weist eine über seine Gesamtlänge konstante Materialstärke d auf und kann damit aus einer Blechtafel entsprechender Dicke durch Stanzen oder Schneiden und anschließendes Biegen gefertigt werden.The waveguide 5 is symmetrically arranged in the thus also U-shaped shaft, consisting of the two parallel shafts 6a and 6b and their connection shaft. The boundary surfaces of the lightning protection carrier 2 made of a conductive material are at ground potential and are connected via the terminals 3a and 3b to the shield of the high frequency line designed as a coaxial line. The waveguide 5 thus forms together with the boundary surfaces of the shafts 6a and 6b and the front end of the divider 12 on the one hand and the housing cover 4 on the other hand, a triplate line. The waveguide 5 has a constant over its entire length of material thickness d and can thus be made of a metal sheet of appropriate thickness by punching or cutting and subsequent bending.

In Fig. 3 ist die erfindungsgemäße Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 in einer stirnseitigen Ansicht dargestellt. Darin ist eine Ausnehmung 16 gezeigt, durch die ein von der den parallen Schächten 6a und 6b gegenüberliegenden Seite offener weiterer Schacht 17 in den Blitzschutzträger 2 eingebracht ist. Der in diesem weiteren Schacht 17 verlaufenden Stichleiter 8 verläuft ausgehend von der Verbindungsstelle 9 bis zu Mitte des weiteren Schachts 17 entlang der Mittelachse 18 der Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 und von dort bis zu seinem Ende parallel zu den Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a und 13b, wie in Fig. 4 dargestellt. Bei aufgesetztem Gehäusedeckel 4 bildet der Stichleiter 8 ebenfalls eine Triplate-Leitung.In Fig. 3, the lightning protection device 1 according to the invention is shown in a frontal view. This shows a recess 16, through which a further shaft 17, open from the side opposite the parallel shafts 6a and 6b, is inserted into the lightning protection carrier 2. The stub conductor 8 running in this further shaft 17 extends from the connection point 9 to the middle of the further shaft 17 along the center axis 18 of the lightning protection device 1 and from there to its end parallel to the waveguide sub-sections 13a and 13b, as shown in FIG , When mounted housing cover 4, the stub 8 also forms a triplate line.

Zwischen den parallelen Schächten 6a und 6b und dem in seiner Längsausdehnung ebenfalls hierzu parallelen weiteren Schachts 17 ist ein weiterer Steg 19 ausgebildet.Between the parallel shafts 6a and 6b and also in its longitudinal extent also parallel thereto further shaft 17, a further web 19 is formed.

In Fig. 4 ist eine weitere Seitenansicht dargestellt, die bezüglich der ersten Seitenansicht aus Fig. 2 um 180° um die Längsachse der Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 gedreht ist. Der Stichleiter 8 verläuft entlang einer Mittelachse 23 der Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 in dem weiteren Schacht 17. Der weitere Schacht 17 ist an seinem von der Verbindungsstelle 9 abgewandten Ende zur der Stirnseite 14 der Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 geschlossen. In dem weiteren Schacht 17 ist auf seiner geschlossenen Seite ein Plateau 20 herausgearbeitet, in das eine mit der Breite des Stichleiters 8 korrespondierende Nut 21 eingebracht ist. Die Höhe des Plateaus 20 ist dabei so bemessen, daß der Stichleiter 8 mittels eines nicht dargestellten Klemmstegs, der über in dem Plateau 20 eingearbeitete Gewindebohrungen 22 zu befestigen ist, mit dem Blitzschutzträger 2 zu verbinden.FIG. 4 shows a further side view, which is rotated by 180 ° about the longitudinal axis of the lightning protection device 1 with respect to the first side view from FIG. 2. The stub conductor 8 runs along a central axis 23 of the lightning protection device 1 in the further shaft 17. The further shaft 17 is closed at its end remote from the connection point 9 to the end face 14 of the lightning protection device 1. In the further shaft 17, a plateau 20 is machined on its closed side, in which a corresponding with the width of the stub 8 groove 21 is introduced. The height of the plateau 20 is dimensioned so that the stub 8 by means of a clamping web, not shown, which is to be fastened in the plateau 20 threaded holes 22 to connect to the lightning protection carrier 2.

Die Dickenausdehnung des Stichleiters 8 ist identisch mit der Materialstärke d des Wellenleiters 5, so daß Wellenleiter 5 und Stichleiter 8 in einem gemeinsamen Prozeß gefertigt werden können. Insbesondere ergibt sich durch den einteiligen Leiter, also Wellenleiter 5 und Stichleiter 8 der Vorteil, daß an der Verbindungsstelle 9 keine Übergangswiderstände auftreten.The thickness expansion of the stub conductor 8 is identical to the material thickness d of the waveguide 5, so that waveguide 5 and stub 8 in a common process can be made. In particular, results from the one-piece conductor, ie waveguide 5 and stub 8 the advantage that no contact resistance occur at the junction 9.

Die Dimensionierung der Breite und Länge des Welleneleiters 5 und des Stichleiters 8 bei festgelegte Materialstärke d erfolgt so, daß der Wellenwiderstand der Wellenleiterteilstrecke 13a gleich dem Wellenwiderstand der Wellenleiterteilstrecke 13b ist. Die beiden Wellenwiderstände der Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a und 13b sind dabei niedriger als der Wellenwiderstand der anzuschließenden Hochfrequenzleitung. Für eine Koaxialleitung als Hochfrequenzleitung mit einem Wellenwiderstand von 50 Ω sind die Wellenwiderstände der Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a und 13b z.B. ca. 45 Ω.The dimensioning of the width and length of the waveguide 5 and the stub conductor 8 at a specified thickness d is such that the characteristic impedance of the waveguide section 13a is equal to the characteristic impedance of the waveguide section 13b. The two characteristic impedances of the waveguide sub-sections 13a and 13b are lower than the characteristic impedance of the high-frequency line to be connected. For a coaxial line as a high frequency line with a characteristic impedance of 50 Ω, the characteristic impedances of the waveguide sub-sections 13a and 13b are e.g. about 45 Ω.

Der Wellenwiderstand des Stichleiters 8 ist dagegen deutlich erhöht gegenüber dem Wellenwiderstand der Hochfrequenzleitung, im angegebenen Zahlenbeispiel etwa 95 Ω. Durch diese Kombination ergibt sich für den Frequenzbereich von 470 MHz bis 862 MHz ein Wellenwiderstand für die gesamte Blitzschutzvorrichtung von 50 Ω. Ein über die Hochfrequenzleitung transportiertes HF-Signal "sieht" also die Blitzschutzvorrichtung 1 als ein durchgehendes Hochfrequenzleitungsstück mit einem Wellenwiderstand von 50 Ohm.The characteristic impedance of the stub conductor 8, however, is significantly increased compared to the characteristic impedance of the high-frequency line, in the numerical example given about 95 Ω. This combination results in a characteristic impedance of 50 Ω for the entire lightning protection device for the frequency range from 470 MHz to 862 MHz. An RF signal transported via the high-frequency line thus "sees" the lightning protection device 1 as a continuous high-frequency line section with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.

Neben der in den Fig. 1 bis 4 dargestellte Lösung zu Anordnung des Wellenleiters 5 und des Stichleiters 8 sind unter Beibehaltung der Bedingungen für die Wellenwiderstände auch andere geometrische Ausprägungen möglich. Zwei solcher Beispiele sind in den Fig. 5 und 6 dargestellt.In addition to the solution shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 for the arrangement of the waveguide 5 and the stub conductor 8, other geometric characteristics are possible while maintaining the conditions for the characteristic impedance. Two such examples are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.

In Fig. 5 besteht der Wellenleiter 5' wiederum aus zwei Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a' und 13b', die in zwei Schächten 6a' und 6b' angeordnet sind. An der Verbindungsstelle 9' zweigt der Stichleiter 8' ab. Die beiden Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a' und 13b' und der Stichleiter 8' sind in einem Abschnitt a parallel zueinander angeordnet.In Fig. 5, the waveguide 5 'in turn consists of two waveguide sub-sections 13a' and 13b ', which are arranged in two shafts 6a' and 6b '. At the junction 9 'branches the stub 8' from. The two waveguide sub-sections 13a 'and 13b' and the Sting conductor 8 'are arranged in a section a parallel to each other.

Zur Verringerung des benötigten Bauraums ist der Stichleiter 8' an seinem von der Verbindungsstelle 9' abgewandten Ende gekrümmt ausgeführt. Das Ende ist in einer Nut 21' durch Klemmen fixiert. Der Stichleiter 8' ist in dem weiteren Schacht 17' angeordnet. Zwischen den Schächten 6a' und 17', sowie den Schächten 17' und 6b' sind Stege 19' ausgebildet, die zur Befestigung eines nicht dargestellten Gehäusedeckels mit Gewindebohrungen zur Aufnahme von Schrauben versehen sind. Die Geometrie der Schächte 6a' und 6b' ist so gewählt, daß der Wellenleiter 5' so darin angeordnet werden kann, daß sich zwischen dem Wellenleiter 5' und den Schachtwänden ein konstanter Abstand ergibt. Mit Ausnahme des Bereichs der Gewindebohrungen ist der Abstand auf beiden Seiten des Stichleiters 8' zur den Schachtwänden 16' des weiteren Schachts 17' ebenfalls konstant und auf beiden Seiten gleich groß.To reduce the required installation space, the stub conductor 8 'is curved at its end facing away from the connection point 9'. The end is fixed in a groove 21 'by clamping. The stub 8 'is disposed in the further shaft 17'. Between the shafts 6a 'and 17', and the shafts 17 'and 6b' webs 19 'are formed, which are provided for fastening a housing cover, not shown, with threaded holes for receiving screws. The geometry of the shafts 6a 'and 6b' is selected so that the waveguide 5 'can be arranged therein so that there is a constant spacing between the waveguide 5' and the shaft walls. With the exception of the area of the threaded bores, the distance on both sides of the stub conductor 8 'to the shaft walls 16' of the further shaft 17 'is also constant and the same on both sides.

Zwischen den beiden parallelen Teilstücken der Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a' und 13b' im Abschnitt a verlaufen die beiden Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a' und 13b' jeweils entlang eines Kreisbogens, wobei die Mittelpunkte der beiden Kreisbögen Ma und Mb versetzt zu der Mittellinie 23' sind. Im Bereich der Verbindungsstelle 9' sind die beiden Wellenleiterteilstrecken 13a' und 13b' dadurch durch ein kurzes gerades Stück des Wellenleiters 5' miteinander verbunden. Der Verlauf von den Anschlußseiten 24a und 24b bis zu dem Abschnitt a folgt ebenfalls jeweils einem Kreisbogen.Between the two parallel sections of the waveguide sub-sections 13a 'and 13b' in section a, the two waveguide sub-sections 13a 'and 13b' each extend along a circular arc, the centers of the two circular arcs Ma and Mb being offset from the center line 23 '. In the region of the connection point 9 ', the two waveguide sub-sections 13a' and 13b 'are thereby interconnected by a short straight piece of the waveguide 5'. The course from the terminal sides 24a and 24b to the section a also follows a circular arc.

In Fig. 6 ist ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt, wobei der Wellenleiter 5' mit dem Wellenleiter 5' der Fig. 5 identisch ist. Der Stichleiter 8'' verläuft jedoch entlang einer Mittellinie 23" bezüglich der der Wellenleiter symmetrisch ist.In Fig. 6, a further embodiment is shown, wherein the waveguide 5 'with the waveguide 5' of FIG. 5 is identical. However, the stub conductor 8 "extends along a center line 23" with respect to which the waveguide is symmetrical.

Claims (11)

  1. Broadband lightning protection device for high-frequency lines with a defined surge impedance, wherein the lightning protection device (1) provides a waveguide (5) and a spur conductor (8) branching off therefrom, of which the end facing away from a connecting point (9) with the waveguide (5) is connected to an earth potential, and wherein the waveguide (5) of the lightning protection device (1) is subdivided through the connecting point (9) into two waveguide portions (13a, 13b), and wherein the surge impedance of the spur conductor (8) is increased by comparison with the surge impedance of the connected high-frequency line,
    characterised in that
    the surge impedance of the waveguide portions (13a, 13b) is reduced by comparison with the surge impedance of the connected high-frequency line, that the waveguide portions (13a, 13b) and the spur conductor (8) are each arranged in their own trunking channel (6a, 6b, 17) within a lightning-protection support (2) of the lightning protection device and
    that the trunking-channel walls are disposed at a distance from the waveguide portions (13a, 13b) and from the spur conductor (8) such that the waveguide (5) and the spur conductor (8) form a triplate conductor.
  2. Lightning protection device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the surge impedance of the two waveguide portions (13a, 13b) is identical.
  3. Lightning protection device according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that
    the ratio of the surge impedances of the spur conductor (8) and the waveguide portions (13a, 13b) is selected in such a manner that the resulting effective surge impedance of the lightning protection device (1) as a whole is identical to the surge impedance of the connected high-frequency line.
  4. Lightning protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
    characterised in that
    the longitudinal extension of the waveguide portions (13a, 13b) and the longitudinal extension of the spur conductor (8) are approximately equal.
  5. Lightning protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterised in that
    the two waveguide portions (13a, 13b) join to form a U-shaped geometry.
  6. Lightning protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
    characterised in that,
    in the region of the connecting point (9) of the spur conductor (8) and the waveguide portions (13a, 13b), an electrically-insulating spacer (11) is arranged between the waveguide (5) and the lightning-protection support (2).
  7. Lightning protection device according to claim 6,
    characterised in that
    the spur conductor (8) and the waveguide portions (13a, 13b) extend parallel to one another at least over part of their longitudinal extension.
  8. Lightning protection device according to claim 6 or 7,
    characterised in that
    the end of the spur conductor (8) facing away from the waveguide (5) is fixed by means of a clip connection to the lightning protection support (2).
  9. Lightning protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
    characterised in that
    the material thickness (d) of the waveguide (5) and of the spur conductor (8) is identical.
  10. Lightning protection device according to claim 9,
    characterised in that
    the waveguide portions (13a, 13b) and spur conductor (8) are manufactured as a punched and bent part.
  11. Lightning protection device according to claims 1 to 10,
    characterised in that
    the trunking-channel walls are disposed at a uniform distance from the waveguide portions (13a, 13b) and spur conductor (8).
EP02738014A 2001-07-10 2002-04-30 Broad-scale lightening protection device Expired - Lifetime EP1405369B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2001133359 DE10133359A1 (en) 2001-07-10 2001-07-10 Broadband lightning protection device for high frequency lines has waveguide divided into two sections with reduced characteristic impedance compared to connected HF line by stub line
DE10133359 2001-07-10
PCT/EP2002/004761 WO2003007424A1 (en) 2001-07-10 2002-04-30 Broad-scale lightening protection device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1405369A1 EP1405369A1 (en) 2004-04-07
EP1405369B1 true EP1405369B1 (en) 2006-05-31

Family

ID=7691192

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02738014A Expired - Lifetime EP1405369B1 (en) 2001-07-10 2002-04-30 Broad-scale lightening protection device

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1405369B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3960970B2 (en)
DE (2) DE10133359A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003007424A1 (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3970969A (en) * 1973-12-18 1976-07-20 Les Cables De Lyon Device for the electrical protection of a coaxial cable by two connected circuits
US4542358A (en) * 1982-01-05 1985-09-17 Societe Anonyme Dite: Les Cables De Lyon Device protecting a coaxial cable against high-powered, low-frequency spurious pulses
GB2189942A (en) * 1986-04-30 1987-11-04 Philips Electronic Associated Transmission-line bias T

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2571550B1 (en) * 1984-10-08 1987-12-11 Teleinformatique Communic Et PROTECTION DEVICE FOR COAXIAL LINE
IL106274A (en) * 1993-07-08 1999-09-22 Israel State Lightning protection for antenna system
CH689907A5 (en) * 1994-12-01 2000-01-14 Huber+Suhner Ag Arrangement in coaxial antenna line for protecting against overvoltages
DE19520974A1 (en) * 1995-06-08 1996-12-12 Spinner Gmbh Elektrotech Overvoltage protection for HF lines
US5771026A (en) * 1996-03-28 1998-06-23 Sti-Co Industries, Inc. Disguised broadband antenna system for vehicles
ATE282898T1 (en) * 1998-08-06 2004-12-15 Spinner Gmbh Elektrotech BROADBAND COAXIAL SURGE ARRESTER

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3970969A (en) * 1973-12-18 1976-07-20 Les Cables De Lyon Device for the electrical protection of a coaxial cable by two connected circuits
US4542358A (en) * 1982-01-05 1985-09-17 Societe Anonyme Dite: Les Cables De Lyon Device protecting a coaxial cable against high-powered, low-frequency spurious pulses
GB2189942A (en) * 1986-04-30 1987-11-04 Philips Electronic Associated Transmission-line bias T

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50207019D1 (en) 2006-07-06
WO2003007424A1 (en) 2003-01-23
JP2004535132A (en) 2004-11-18
DE10133359A1 (en) 2003-01-23
EP1405369A1 (en) 2004-04-07
JP3960970B2 (en) 2007-08-15

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