EP1524675A1 - Dispositif de déplacement de particules - Google Patents
Dispositif de déplacement de particules Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1524675A1 EP1524675A1 EP04104982A EP04104982A EP1524675A1 EP 1524675 A1 EP1524675 A1 EP 1524675A1 EP 04104982 A EP04104982 A EP 04104982A EP 04104982 A EP04104982 A EP 04104982A EP 1524675 A1 EP1524675 A1 EP 1524675A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- neff
- network
- substrate
- index
- waveguide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
- G21K1/006—Manipulation of neutral particles by using radiation pressure, e.g. optical levitation
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of techniques of movement and manipulation of particles by optical forces.
- the applications envisaged are the displacement without contact, particles (balls of different materials, nano-objects, cells or other biological objects) over great distances (several centimeters) and with trajectories predefined.
- particles balls of different materials, nano-objects, cells or other biological objects
- trajectories predefined.
- This method poses difficulties in entrapment, in particular of nanometric particles. he takes at least several seconds to trap, by for example, a gold particle of 36 nm in diameter.
- This technique allows to collect, above of a guide, scattered particles randomly (thanks to the gradient forces) and then move these particles along the guide (forces of diffusion).
- the method also applies to particles metal but has the disadvantage of being very dependent on the surface condition of the guide: roughness important manages to permanently stop the particle.
- the invention uses forces optical generated by a diffraction grating.
- the displacement forces of the particle are generated by light diffraction network and are oriented according to characteristics of the network.
- the network is used as an element that decouples the light that propagates in a guide wave.
- the injection of light into the guide can be made by means of a tranche coupling, a prism or using another network.
- Light from the network is used as a real engine not only allowing move the particles, but also to choose their trajectories and their speeds.
- the invention also relates to a device for displacement, in a nsup index medium, of a particle, comprising a substrate, a waveguide and a network formed on the waveguide.
- This network makes it possible to diffract a light from wavelength ⁇ , transmitted by the guide, to a external medium of index nsuper.
- the network diffracts only one only order towards the middle in which lies the particle.
- no light is diffracted to the substrate.
- the guide has an effective index neff, the network a step ⁇ , the substrate an index nsub such as nsuper> nsub, and the ratio ⁇ / ⁇ is included between neff - super and neff - nsub or between neff + nsub and neff + nsuper.
- the device may further comprise at least an intermediate layer between the substrate and the guide wave, this layer having a refractive index less than that of the liquid.
- the network has a step ⁇ higher or equal to ⁇ / (neff / nsup + 1) nsup, and / or lower or equal to 2. ⁇ / (neff / nsup + 1) nsup, where neff is the index effective waveguide.
- the substrate may further comprise means of reflection of the light diffracted towards the substrate, for example a Bragg mirror.
- the network comprises several types of patterns, a first type of pattern and at least one second type of pattern, different from first, for example by at least his step and / or lateral dimension and / or height.
- At least a part of the guide waveform has a lower lateral extension than that of the network.
- the network may also have a curvature.
- the invention makes it possible to move particles having for example a diameter of between 5 nm and 5 nm and 100 ⁇ m.
- the invention allows a displacement particles at a speed for example greater than 500 nm / s or at 1 ⁇ m / s or 5 ⁇ m / s.
- the invention also relates to a method of sorting of particles having refractive indices different or different sizes, in which one implements a displacement method as described above.
- a waveguide 2 is formed on a substrate 4.
- a diffraction grating 6 is located or deposited or formed on this guide 2.
- Radiation 7 (including a is designated by reference 8) is injected into the guide 2, for example using a coupling by the slice, by means to inject into the guide a radiation at the desired wavelength.
- such means comprise a prism or a other network.
- the network 6 makes it possible to decouple the light from the guided mode to the outside.
- the diffracted light In the middle 14, the diffracted light generates an "optical force" that allows acting on, for example, a particle 10 located near the network.
- a network is preferably used whose step is between the two limits given by formulas (3) and (4), so as not to diffraction only for a single order, and therefore a propulsion of particles in one direction.
- FIG. 2 represents the diffraction angles of the different orders (order -1: curve I, order -2: curve II; order -3: curve III) of a network in function of the pitch of this network.
- the superstrate 14 considered has an index of 1.33 (identical to that of water) and the waveguide 2, under the network, a effective index of 1.6.
- the working wavelength is 1064 nm.
- a further increase in the pace causes a reversal of the diffraction direction (positive angles) and a reversal of the direction of the particle.
- We then reach the limit of diffraction of order -2 for ⁇ 726nm.
- the particle 10 placed above the network 6 will be hit by the diffracted wave that goes the push in the chosen direction.
- cross sections depend on directly from the optical index of the particle but also of its volume.
- two particles of different materials or of different sizes will have different speeds of movement, which allows for example to perform a sort of these particles. For example, a 1 ⁇ m gold ball diameter will move faster than a latex ball same size.
- the device thus described presents the property of being able to move, without contact and with high speeds (several microns per second, or more) particles (or biological objects) of micrometric or nanometric size, this size being for example between 10 microns and 50 nm. Of more, it allows to sort natures particles or of different sizes.
- n sub represents the index of the substrate 4
- an intensity will actually be diffracted in the latter if: eff + not sub > ⁇ ⁇
- Figures 3A and 3B identify the different possible cases depending on the values relative indices of substrate 4 and superstrate 14.
- Figure 3A corresponds to the case where nsuper ⁇ nsub and Figure 3B in case nsuper> nsub.
- the lines D2 and D4 correspond to the case nsuper> nsub, and the lines D1 and D3 to the case nsuper ⁇ nsub.
- zones A1 and A'1 of the FIG. 3B (nsuper> nsub and neff - nsuper ⁇ / ⁇ ⁇ neff - nsub (A1) or neff + nsub ⁇ / ⁇ ⁇ neff + nsuper (A'1)), there is diffraction in the superstrate and no loss in the substrate. Losses appear in the substrate for zone A2, for which there is always diffraction in the superstrate, ie when neff + nsub> ⁇ / ⁇ > neff - nsub.
- This layer intermediate could be for example a layer of silica deposited by a sol-gel technology that presents an index of about 1.22.
- Figure 5 Another embodiment is shown in Figure 5. It consists of placing a mirror of Bragg 20 in the substrate 4.
- This mirror refers to the outside environment 14 diffracted light in the substrate 4.
- the multilayer deposit 20 comprises a alternating dielectric thin films that do not absorb light at the wavelength of the 7. These successively present a subscript high refraction, noted nh (possible materials: TiO2, HfO2, Si3N4, Ta2O5, Al2O3, In2O3) and an index bottom rated nb (possible materials: SiO2, MgF2, LiF).
- PVD Physical Vapor Deposition
- CVD chemical Vapor Deposition
- the wave reflected by the mirror will, after reflection on this mirror, then after having crossed the network, the same direction as that resulting from the network 6 to the superstrate.
- the direction of particle 10 is related to no network.
- Variations in the pace of the network and its lateral dimensions will for example be realized thanks to an appropriate mask. Height variations of reasons will be made either by the use of several levels of masking either by the use of layers with thickness gradients associated with a selective engraving.
- the network implemented may comprise a plurality of patterns, each pattern being different from other reasons, for example by at least his step and / or a width w1 or w2 and / or its height h.
- the particles are confined to a track using, under network 6, a waveguide 22 of limited width (Fig. 7A which represents a view top of the device).
- Fig. 7A which represents a view top of the device.
- FIG. 8A Schematic view from above
- FIG. 8B This embodiment is represented on Figures 8A (schematic view from above) and 8B. he allows to generate a "lateral" diffraction of radiation, which will meet the particle and the guide along a "focal line". We will control so the position of the particle in the three dimensions of space, which makes it possible to envisage more complex trajectories (for example a nonlinear or serpentine trajectory or a curved path in a plane parallel to the substrate).
- the realization of this type of device is similar to that of the basic device but uses a mask on which prints curves instead of lines traditional network.
- the guide wave can be realized by an exchange method of traditional ions with silver ions on a BK7 substrate.
- the thickness of the guide will be chosen from way to work with a single mode guide for the desired wavelength. We can also use everything dielectric material allowing effective guiding of light or still work on a substrate of silicon.
- the network may be made of resin, titanium oxide (TiO2) or nitride. he can be engraved by a lithography technology by electron beam or by a technology of precision lithography.
- Another example of embodiment concerns a structure with a Bragg mirror, as on the figure 5.
- the substrate 4 is for example silicon.
- a Bragg mirror 20 which avoids light leakage in the substrate.
- a Bragg mirror 20 which avoids light leakage in the substrate.
- the substrate for a wavelength of work of 1064 nm, we can cover the substrate a multilayer 20 constituted by the alternation of thin layers of 264 nm thick silica and thin layers of titanium dioxide 123 nm thick deposited in IBS.
- the multilayer will consist of 20 thin layers then covered by a layer Silica insulation 2 ⁇ m thick.
- the mirror thus realized allows to reflect all the rays arriving in an angular range of between 35 ° and 70 °.
- the waveguide 2 may, for example, be made of nitride (Si3N4) by deposition techniques (LPCVD for example). We will be able to choose a thickness of 223 nm of nitride and a width of 1 ⁇ m guide.
- the network 6 will be made of resin, titanium oxide (TiO2) or nitride thanks to several overlapping masking levels that allow a spatial variation of the thickness of the network.
Abstract
Description
- on injecte de la lumière de longueur d'onde λ dans le guide d'ondes,
- on diffracte la lumière transmise par le guide vers un milieu d'indice nsup dans lequel se trouve la particule.
- La figure 1 représente un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
- la figure 2 représente les angles de diffraction de différents ordres en fonction du pas du réseau, dans un dispositif selon l'invention,
- les figures 3A et 3B recensent les différents cas possibles en fonction des valeurs relatives des indices du substrat et du superstrat d'un dispositif selon l'invention,
- la figure 4 donne un exemple d'évolution de l'angle de diffraction dans le substrat pour un substrat d'indice variable,
- les figures 5 - 8B représentent divers autres modes de réalisation de l'invention.
- neff est l'indice effectif du guide d'onde 2, indice qui dépend des indices du guide 2 et du substrat 4,
- nd est l'indice du milieu dans lequel l'onde diffracte (substrat 4 ou superstrat 14),
- m est l'ordre diffracté considéré,
- λ est la longueur d'onde du rayonnement 7 injecté,
- Λ est le pas spatial du réseau 6 de diffraction.
Claims (31)
- Procédé de déplacement d'une particule (10) mettant en oeuvre un dispositif comportant un substrat (4), un guide d'ondes (2) et un réseau (6) formé sur le guide d'ondes, dans lequel :on injecte de la lumière de longueur d'onde λ dans le guide d'ondes,on diffracte la lumière transmise par le guide vers un milieu (14) d'indice nsuper dans lequel se trouve la particule.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, le réseau ne diffractant qu'un seul ordre vers le milieu dans lequel se trouve la particule.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, aucune lumière n'étant diffractée vers le substrat (4).
- Procédé selon la revendication 3, le guide (2) ayant un indice effectif neff et le réseau un pas Λ, le substrat un indice nsub tel que nsuper > nsub, et le rapport λ/Λ étant compris entre neff - super et neff - nsub ou entre neff + nsub et neff + nsuper.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, le milieu (14) étant un milieu liquide, le dispositif comportant en outre au moins une couche intermédiaire entre le substrat (4) et le guide d'ondes (2), cette couche ayant un indice de réfraction inférieur à celui du liquide (14).
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, le réseau ayant un pas Λ supérieur ou égal à λ/(neff/nsup + 1)nsup, où neff est l'indice effectif du guide d'ondes.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, le réseau ayant un pas Λ inférieur ou égal à 2.λ/(neff/nsup + 1)nsup, où neff est l'indice effectif du guide d'ondes.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, le substrat comportant en outre des moyens de réflexion de la lumière diffractée vers le substrat.
- Procédé selon la revendication 7, le substrat comportant un miroir de Bragg (20).
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, le réseau comportant un premier type de motifs et au moins un deuxième type de motifs, différent du premier.
- Procédé selon la revendication 10, le deuxième type de motif étant différent du premier par au moins son pas et/ou une dimension latérale et/ou sa hauteur.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, au moins une partie du guide d'ondes ayant une extension latérale inférieure à celle du réseau.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, le réseau présentant une courbure.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la particule suivant une trajectoire courbe dans un plan parallèle au substrat (4).
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, la particule ayant un diamètre compris entre et 5 nm et 100 µm.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, la particule étant déplacée à une vitesse supérieure à 500 nm/s ou à 1 µm/s ou à 5 µm/s.
- Procédé de tri de particules d'indice de réfraction différents ou de tailles différentes, dans lequel on met en oeuvre un procédé de déplacement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 16.
- Dispositif de déplacement d'une particule (10), comportant un substrat (4), un guide d'ondes (2) et un réseau (6) formé sur le guide d'ondes, ce réseau permettant de diffracter une lumière de longueur d'onde λ, transmise par le guide, vers un milieu extérieur d'indice nsuper, au moins une partie du guide d'ondes ayant une extension latérale inférieure à celle du réseau.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 18, le réseau ne diffractant qu'un seul ordre à la longueur d'onde λ.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 18 ou 19, aucune lumière à la longueur d'onde λ n'étant diffractée vers le substrat (4).
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 18 à 20, le guide (2) ayant un indice effectif neff et le réseau un pas Λ, le substrat un indice nsub tel que nsuper > nsub, et le rapport λ/Λ étant compris entre neff - super et neff - nsub ou entre neff + nsub et neff + nsuper.
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 18 à 21, comportant en outre au moins une couche intermédiaire entre le substrat (4) et le guide d'ondes (2), cette couche ayant un indice de réfraction inférieur à celui d'un liquide.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 22, la couche intermédiaire étant une couche de silice.
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 18 à 23, le réseau ayant un pas Λ supérieur ou égal à λ/ (neff/nsup + 1)nsup, où neff est l'indice effectif du guide d'ondes.
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 18 à 24, le réseau ayant un pas Λ inférieur ou égal à 2.λ/ (neff/nsup + 1)nsup, où neff est l'indice effectif du guide d'ondes.
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 18 à 25, le substrat comportant en outre des moyens de réflexion de la lumière diffractée vers le substrat.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 26, le substrat comportant un miroir de Bragg (20).
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 26 ou 27 comportant en outre une couche d'indice inférieur à celui du guide et située entre le guide et les moyens de réflexion.
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 18 à 28, le réseau comportant un premier type de motifs et au moins un deuxième type de motifs, différent du premier.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 29, le deuxième type de motif étant différent du premier par au moins son pas et/ou une dimension latérale et/ou sa hauteur.
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 18 à 30, le réseau présentant une courbure dans un plan parallèle au plan du substrat.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0350679A FR2860886B1 (fr) | 2003-10-14 | 2003-10-14 | Dispositif de deplacement de particules |
FR0350679 | 2003-10-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1524675A1 true EP1524675A1 (fr) | 2005-04-20 |
EP1524675B1 EP1524675B1 (fr) | 2011-04-06 |
Family
ID=34355522
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04104982A Not-in-force EP1524675B1 (fr) | 2003-10-14 | 2004-10-12 | Dispositif et procédé de déplacement de particules |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7211787B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1524675B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2005161514A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE504925T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE602004032097D1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2860886B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2863182B1 (fr) * | 2003-12-04 | 2006-10-13 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de concentration de particules. |
JP5284036B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-14 | 2013-09-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | 発光装置 |
JP2011065546A (ja) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-03-31 | Hitachi Solutions Ltd | ファイル検索システム及びプログラム |
KR101817638B1 (ko) | 2016-08-31 | 2018-01-11 | 국방과학연구소 | 유전체다층박막 회절격자 |
RU2666416C1 (ru) * | 2017-07-14 | 2018-09-07 | федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тюменский государственный университет" | Способ очистки твердой поверхности от микрочастиц |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2000069554A1 (fr) * | 1999-05-17 | 2000-11-23 | Marchitto Kevin S | Procedes de separation par energie electromagnetique |
US20030111594A1 (en) * | 2001-12-13 | 2003-06-19 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Optical device and optical process for particle displacement |
WO2003065774A1 (fr) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-08-07 | Forskningscenter Risø | Piege optique a faisceaux multiples |
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US3778612A (en) * | 1969-12-15 | 1973-12-11 | A Ashkin | Neutral particle beam separator and velocity analyzer using radiation pressure |
GB2256477B (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1995-03-08 | Marconi Gec Ltd | An optical sensor |
US6797942B2 (en) * | 2001-09-13 | 2004-09-28 | University Of Chicago | Apparatus and process for the lateral deflection and separation of flowing particles by a static array of optical tweezers |
US6055106A (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 2000-04-25 | Arch Development Corporation | Apparatus for applying optical gradient forces |
US6956230B1 (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2005-10-18 | California Institute Of Technology | Integrated particles sensor formed on single substrate using fringes formed by diffractive elements |
US6833542B2 (en) * | 2000-11-13 | 2004-12-21 | Genoptix, Inc. | Method for sorting particles |
US6744038B2 (en) * | 2000-11-13 | 2004-06-01 | Genoptix, Inc. | Methods of separating particles using an optical gradient |
AU3053002A (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2002-06-11 | Univ California | Optical switching and sorting of biological samples and microparticles transported in a micro-fluidic device, including integrated bio-chip devices |
US6778724B2 (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2004-08-17 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Optical switching and sorting of biological samples and microparticles transported in a micro-fluidic device, including integrated bio-chip devices |
EP1373875A2 (fr) * | 2001-04-02 | 2004-01-02 | Zeptosens AG | Structure optique d'excitation multiphoton et son utilisation |
JP3883930B2 (ja) * | 2001-12-10 | 2007-02-21 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | ホログラム媒体 |
US7109473B2 (en) * | 2002-09-16 | 2006-09-19 | University Of Chicago | Transverse optical accelerator and generalized optical vortices |
US20040067167A1 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2004-04-08 | Genoptix, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for optophoretic diagnosis of cells and particles |
US7038874B1 (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2006-05-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Tamper resistant write once recording of a data storage cartridge having rewritable media |
US20050070027A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-03-31 | Jacques Gollier | Double resonance interrogation of grating-coupled waveguides |
-
2003
- 2003-10-14 FR FR0350679A patent/FR2860886B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-10-12 AT AT04104982T patent/ATE504925T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-10-12 EP EP04104982A patent/EP1524675B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-10-12 DE DE602004032097T patent/DE602004032097D1/de active Active
- 2004-10-13 US US10/962,603 patent/US7211787B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-13 JP JP2004299273A patent/JP2005161514A/ja active Pending
-
2007
- 2007-02-05 US US11/671,050 patent/US7633056B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2000069554A1 (fr) * | 1999-05-17 | 2000-11-23 | Marchitto Kevin S | Procedes de separation par energie electromagnetique |
US20030111594A1 (en) * | 2001-12-13 | 2003-06-19 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Optical device and optical process for particle displacement |
WO2003065774A1 (fr) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-08-07 | Forskningscenter Risø | Piege optique a faisceaux multiples |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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OGURA Y ET AL: "OPTICAL LEVITATION AND TRANSLATION OF A MICROSCOPIC PARTICLE BY USE OF MULTIPLE BEAMS GENERATED BY VERTICAL-CAVITY SURFACE-EMITTING LASER ARRAY SOURCES", APPLIED OPTICS, OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA,WASHINGTON, US, vol. 41, no. 27, 20 September 2002 (2002-09-20), pages 5645 - 5654, XP001130498, ISSN: 0003-6935 * |
ROSENBLATT D ET AL: "RESONANT GRATING WAVEGUIDE STRUCTURES", IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS, IEEE INC. NEW YORK, US, vol. 33, no. 11, 1 November 1997 (1997-11-01), pages 2038 - 2059, XP000725006, ISSN: 0018-9197 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7211787B2 (en) | 2007-05-01 |
FR2860886A1 (fr) | 2005-04-15 |
JP2005161514A (ja) | 2005-06-23 |
US20050184230A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
US20070145256A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
EP1524675B1 (fr) | 2011-04-06 |
DE602004032097D1 (de) | 2011-05-19 |
FR2860886B1 (fr) | 2005-12-23 |
US7633056B2 (en) | 2009-12-15 |
ATE504925T1 (de) | 2011-04-15 |
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