EP1564842A1 - Ultrawideband antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The antenna has a support (10) made up of dielectric material. The support carries a monopole antenna (100) connected to a supply line (110) of coplanar guide type. A coplanar earth plane (200) is constituted of two blocks (210, 220) located respectively on both sides of the supply line. The monopole antenna extends at a distance from the earth plane. The plane has an edge directed towards the monopole antenna.

Description

The present invention relates to the field of antennas.

More specifically, the present invention relates to the field antennas intended for the broadcasting of broadband services, particularly in the field of UWB (Ultra Wide Band or Ultra Large Band), but also for wireless networks, such as WLAN (Wireless Lan) and WIFI (registered trademark) (Wireless Fidelity), as well as in the field multiband cellular telecommunications.

The rise of telecommunications systems to respond to needs for mobile communications and service delivery high flow, inexorably tends to a saturation of the spectral resources or available frequencies.

A new system, called UWB, that allows you to reuse frequency bands already allocated for other applications the subject of developments for telecommunications applications civil. To avoid interference with other systems, the UWB transmits at very low level (of the order of noise) a coherent but spread signal over a very wide band of frequencies (hence the name "Ultra Wide Band "). Consistency is ensured by pulse coding Gaussian and it is essential that every element of the chain of transmission, including the antenna, has the most transfer function possible neutral over the entire width of the strip (typically 3 to 10 GHz) so that the receiving system is able to recover the useful signal in the middle of the noise.

In the literature, for example the document [1], documents highlighting the need to evaluate performance systems and to master the performance and design of this type antennas to ensure competitiveness on this new channel of transmission.

The antenna behaves like a bandpass filter that conditions the performance of the complete system.

The existence on the market of compact antennas that can be used in UWB and in planar technology (to be integrated in PCBs) is still marginal.

If we ignore structures on ceramics or dielectrics with very high permittivity, delicate to control technically, the state of the art remains based on 3D type structures monopolies on ground plan (see for example documents [2] and [3]). The structures described in these documents actually appear performance in terms of bandwidth (theoretical 2-12 GHz) and compactness of the monopoly. However the need for a mass plan of important dimension and orthogonal to the monopoly excludes a level important integration especially on a terminal PCB.

In addition, publications show antennas microstrip printed technology with integrated ground plane but with limited bandwidth or multiband performance, for example example document [4].

Diagrammatically in Figure 1 attached, such a structure printed antenna comprising in a foreground a ground plane PM and in a second plane an associated LE microstrip excitation line to a MO monopoly.

Attempts to use this printed technology for the realization of coplanar antennas can lead as illustrated on the FIG. 2 to a coplanar guide-type structure in which a line LE excitation microstrip is framed by two plane elements of PM mass and separated from these by two lines with narrow slots LF (typically 0.1mm wide for an impedance of 50 Ohms) which open on the straight edge BR of the ground plane PM. However, the inventors have found that this extrapolation, for a coplanar antenna, known microstrip printing technology, leads to a failure since such an antenna leads to the impossibility of a broadband operation due to a natural non-propagative regime and therefore a high standing wave rate.

In this context, the inventors have not identified to date, known solutions that reconcile uniplanar structure Compact and Ultra Wide Band performance (Fmax / Fmin> 5).

The main object of the present invention is to remedy this situation by proposing a new antenna to answer these specifications, that is to say an antenna able to transform the energy incident energy radiated on a very wide band of frequency (Fmax / Fmin> 5).

Another auxiliary object of the present invention is to propose an antenna whose geometry remains small vis-à-vis of the wavelength.

Yet another auxiliary object of the present invention is to propose an antenna that can easily be integrated on a map type PCMCIA or PCB (ie Printed Circuit or Printed Circuit) Circuit Board "in English), for example in the form of a structure coplanar engraved on one side of an electronic substrate, thus facilitating the subsequent integration of active elements.

• un support en matériau diélectrique, qui porte, réalisés en technologie imprimée :
• un monopole relié à une ligne d'alimentation de type guide coplanaire, et
• un plan de masse coplanaire constitué de deux pavés situés respectivement de part et d'autre de la ligne d'alimentation, en étant séparés de celle-ci,

dans laquelle le monopole est évasé en éloignement du plan de masse et ce dernier possède une bordure dirigée vers le monopole qui n'est pas totalement rectiligne.These objects are achieved in the context of the present invention through an antenna comprising:

• a support of dielectric material, which carries, made in printed technology:
• a monopoly connected to a coplanar guide feed line, and
• a coplanar mass plane consisting of two blocks located respectively on either side of the power line, being separated therefrom,

in which the monopoly is flared away from the ground plane and the latter has a border directed towards the monopoly which is not completely rectilinear.

The inventors have indeed determined that it is essential in the of the present invention that the border of the directed ground plane towards the monopoly is not straight to reach a broad band bandwidth.

• la figure 1 précédemment décrite représente schématiquement une antenne connue du document [4] de l'état de la technique,
• la figure 2 représente schématiquement une possibilité d'extrapolation de la technologie imprimée connue pour la réalisation d'une antenne coplanaire, conduisant à un régime stationnaire,
• la figure 3 représente schématiquement une antenne conforme à une première variante de la présente invention,
• les figures 4 à 12 représentent 9 autres variantes d'antenne conforme à la présente invention,
• la figure 13 représente le rapport d'ondes stationnaire en fonction de la fréquence de l'antenne illustrée sur la figure 3,
• la figure 14 représente différents diagrammes de rayonnement de cette même antenne,
• la figure 15 représente une vue d'une antenne conforme à une autre variante de la présente invention, plus précisément, la figure 15a représente une vue en plan d'un monopole, de sa ligne d'alimentation associée et d'un plan de masse coplanaire conforme à la présente invention et représente par une ligne interrompue le contour d'un plan de masse auxiliaire disposé sur la seconde face du substrat diélectrique et par des points une série de pions assurant une liaison électrique entre les plans de masse prévus sur les deux faces du substrat, tandis que la figure 15b représente avec la même convention, cette second face du substrat et la figure 15c représente une vue en coupe de ce dernier substrat passant par un plan contenant de tels pions, ,
• la figure 16 représente une variante comprenant deux antennes coplanaires orthogonales pour un fonctionnement bipolarisation (même fréquence, deux pôlarisations), et
• la figure 17 représente une autre variante comprenant quatre antennes coplanaires orthogonales permettant d'assurer de la diversité d'espace et de polarisation.

Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, and with reference to the appended drawings, given by way of non-limiting examples and in which:

• FIG. 1 previously described schematically represents an antenna known from the document [4] of the state of the art,
• FIG. 2 diagrammatically represents a possibility of extrapolation of the known printed technology for the production of a coplanar antenna, leading to a steady state,
• FIG. 3 diagrammatically represents an antenna according to a first variant of the present invention,
• FIGS. 4 to 12 represent 9 other antenna variants according to the present invention,
• FIG. 13 represents the standing wave ratio as a function of the frequency of the antenna illustrated in FIG. 3,
• FIG. 14 represents different radiation diagrams of this same antenna,
• FIG. 15 represents a view of an antenna according to another variant of the present invention, more specifically FIG. 15a represents a plan view of a monopole, its associated power supply line and a ground plane. coplanar according to the present invention and represents by a broken line the contour of an auxiliary ground plane disposed on the second face of the dielectric substrate and by points a series of pins providing an electrical connection between the ground planes provided on the two faces of the substrate, while Figure 15b shows with the same convention, this second face of the substrate and Figure 15c shows a sectional view of the latter substrate passing through a plane containing such pins,,
• FIG. 16 represents a variant comprising two orthogonal coplanar antennas for bipolarization operation (same frequency, two polars), and
• FIG. 17 represents another variant comprising four orthogonal coplanar antennas making it possible to ensure diversity of space and polarization.

FIG. 3 shows an antenna according to the present invention. invention comprising a support 10 of dielectric material which carries a monopoly 100 and a ground plane 200.

The support 10 can be made of any suitable material and can have all appropriate geometry and dimensions.

It is preferably of rectangular or square contour.

The monopoly 100 and the ground plane 200 are coplanar. They are made in printed technology and engraving on one side of support 10.

By way of non-limiting example, the support 10 has dimensions of the order of 57.5 mm x 47 mm and a thickness of the order 1.5mm.

According to the embodiment shown in FIG. monopoly 100 and the ground plane 200 have symmetry by report to an O-O plan. This O-O plane passes through the central axis of a line excitation 110.

The excitation line 110 is formed of a straight ribbon 112 of constant width, delimited by two lateral edges 114, 115 parallel between them and parallel to the plane O-O. The excitation line 110 extends so, from the middle of one of the edges of the wafer, perpendicular to this edge, towards the center of the support 10.

Monopoly 100 is connected to the inner end of the line 110. It has a general shape flared away from the plane 200. The contour of monopoly 100 directed towards the ground plane 200 may have a continuous curvature. However preferably this outline is delimited by a series of successive rectilinear sections of which the inclination with respect to the plane O-O increases away from the plane of 200. By way of non-limiting example, monopoly 100 can thus be be delimited by three successive sections 120, 122 and 124 having respective inclinations of the order of 10 °, 30 ° and 45 ° and lengths respective of the order of 17 mm, 7 mm and 20 mm. Monopoly 100 is otherwise limited, opposite the excitation line 110, by an edge rectilinear 130, transverse to the plane O-O, for example a length of the order of 37 mm. Monopoly 100 thus formed has the general form of a plane cone with multiple slopes.

As previously stated the 200 ground plan includes two blocks 210, 220 respectively located on either side of the line 110, being separated therefrom.

In addition, the ground plane 200 has a border 230 directed to monopoly 100 which is not completely straight. The curvature of this border 230 may be continuous. However according to the embodiment shown in Figure 3, this border 230 is delimited by a series of successive rectilinear sections. More precisely according to the embodiment shown in FIG. each block 210, 220 is delimited, starting from the edge of the support 10 on which opens the supply line 110, by an internal section rectilinear 240, parallel to the plane O-O, of the same length as the line 110, and a rectilinear outer portion 242, also parallel to the O-O plane, of a length greater than section 240, typically of the order of twice the latter, for example of the order 23.5mm.

The two sections 240, 242 are connected by a plurality of sections 244, 246, 247, 248, which in combination define a shape convex, for each pavement, towards the monopoly 100. More precisely according to the particular embodiment and not limiting illustrated in FIG. 3, the section 244 extends the section 242 and converges towards the O-O plane towards the monopoly 100. The three sections 246, 247 and 248 succeed one another from the internal section 240. They diverge, with gradually increasing angles, compared on the O-O plane, in connection with the monopoly 100. The sections 244 and 248 come together at a point 249 which is the point of the plan of mass 200 farthest from the edge of the support 10 on which opens the power line 110.

The overall width of the ground plane 200, considered perpendicularly to the plane O-O, is substantially identical to the most wide monopoly 100, at the edge 130.

Thus the tip 249 of the ground plane 200 is located substantially next to the outer quarter of the width of the development of the monopoly 100.

Between the monopoly 100 and the ground plane 200, the dielectric support 10.

The geometry of the plane of mass 200 and that of the monopoly 100 are preferably adapted so that the monopoly defines a impedance at least substantially constant along its profile.

Monopoly 100, power line 110 and ground plane 200 are advantageously made in printed circuit technology.

More precisely still, the geometry of the plane of mass 200 and that of monopoly 100 are adapted to minimize the sizes and to optimize the shapes of the ground plane 200 as well as that of the coplanar monopoly 100, so as to guarantee excitation by a line 110 coplanar characteristic impedance typical of telecommunications applications (in the range 50 Ω - 70 Ω) on the widest possible bandwidth.

FIG. 4 shows a variant embodiment according to which monopoly 100, of polygonal shape, is asymmetrical by relative to the plane O-O, while the plane of mass 200 remains symmetrical relative to this plane O-O. Monopoly 100 is delimited, starting from feed line 110, by two rectilinear sections 140, 142 which diverge from the O-O plane away from the ground plane 200, at different angles, two sections 144, 146 parallel between them and parallel to the O-O plane which extend respectively the two sections 140, 142, and the aforementioned end edge 130. Each block 210, 220 of the ground plane 200 is itself delimited by a internal generator 240, an external generator 242, parallel between they are parallel to the plane O-O, (the internal generator 240 having a length substantially identical to the feed line 110), a extreme stretch 250 rectilinear and perpendicular to the plane O-O, connected to the internal generator 240 and two successive rectilinear sections 252 and 254, which connect the end portion 250 and the external generator 242, which sections 252 and 254 diverge from the monopoly 100 in away from the O-O plane

The outer sections 242 are shorter than the sections 240. The sections 250, 252 and 254 define in combination a convex form towards the monopoly 100.

According to FIG. 4, the overall width of the ground plane 200, considered perpendicular to the plane O-O is greater than the width of monopoly 100.

FIG. 5 represents an antenna variant according to the present invention which differs from that illustrated in Figure 4 by the fact that according to Figure 5, each inclined section 140, 142 of the monopoly 100, is itself divided into two sections 1400, 1402 and 1420, 1422.

FIG. 6 shows another variant of antenna according to the present invention, which is different from that illustrated on FIG. 5 in that according to FIG. 6, the directed edge of the plane of mass directed towards the monopoly defines a concave border, and not convex, in the direction of monopoly 100. This concave edge is defined by a section 250 perpendicular to the plane O-O, connected to the section 240 and extended by two auxiliary sections 256, 258 to the external section 242. The first section 256 diverges with respect to O-O plane towards the monopoly 100. The second section 258 is perpendicular to the plane O-O and joins the outer section 242.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show two variants of FIG. and 6, which are distinguished from these by the fact that the ground plane 200 has grooves or "corrugations" 260. More specifically according to the particular and nonlimiting embodiment illustrated on the FIGS. 7 and 8, each block 210, 220 of the ground plane 200 is provided with three rectilinear grooves 262, 263 and 264, parallel to each other and perpendicular to the plane O-O, which lead to the outer section 242. According to FIGS. 7 and 8, the grooves 260 are equidistant two to two. Their length decreases in approximation of the monopoly 100.

Such grooves 260 make it possible to lower the frequency minimum operating cost of the structure, which increases compactness for a given frequency band. They also allow to stop the electric currents that would tend to "run away" to the back of the ground plane 200 causing radiation interference or parasitic coupling with the power supply.

FIG. 9 shows a variant of embodiment distinguishes from Figure 5 by the fact that monopoly 100 includes grooves 160. More precisely according to the particular embodiment and non-limiting example shown in Figure 9, the monopoly 100 is provided with three rectilinear grooves 162, 163 and 164, parallel to each other and perpendicular to the O-O plane, which lead to the outer sections 144, 146. According to Figure 9 the grooves 160 are equidistant two to two. Their length increases closer to the ground plane 200.

Such grooves 160 also make it possible to lower the minimum frequency of operation of the structure.

FIG. 10 shows another variant embodiment which differs from FIG. 4 in that a short circuit 170 connects the monopoly 100 and the ground plane 200. Specifically the short circuit 170 is here formed of a rectilinear ribbon parallel to the plane O-O, which connects the section 142 and section 250.

FIG. 11 illustrates another variant of embodiment is distinguished from Figure 6 by the presence of slotted lines 174, 178 in monopoly 100 and slot lines 274, 278 in the plane of mass 200.

According to FIG. 11, the slotted lines 174, 178 open onto the sections 144. The slotted line 174 comprises a rectilinear section 175 perpendicular to the plane O-O, which leads to a section 144, a rectilinear section 176 parallel to the plane O-O and a rectilinear section 177 perpendicular to the plane O-O, of length less than section 175. The three sections 175, 176 and 177 globally define a configuration in U.

The slit line 178 comprises a rectilinear section 179 perpendicular to the plane O-O, which leads to the second section 144, and a rectilinear section 180 parallel to the plane O-O, directed towards the section 130. The two sections 179 and 180 globally define a configuration in L.

According to FIG. 11, the slot lines 274, 278 provided in the 200 ground plane, have a geometry similar to that of the lines with slots 174, 178 provided in monopoly 100.

Thus, the slot line 274 comprises a straight section 275 perpendicular to the plane O-O, which leads to a section 242, a rectilinear section 276 parallel to the plane O-O and a rectilinear section 277 perpendicular to the plane O-O, of length less than section 275. The three sections 275, 276 and 277 globally define a configuration in U.

The slit line 278 comprises a straight section 279 perpendicular to the plane O-O, which leads to the second section 242, and a rectilinear section 280 parallel to the plane O-O, directed towards the monopoly 100. The two sections 279 and 280 globally define a configuration in L.

It will be noted that according to FIG. 11, the second sections 176, 276 are directed to the opposite of section 130 away from the section 175, 275 which leads respectively to the outside of the monopoly 100 at the level of the section 144 and at the outside of the ground plane 200 at level of section 242.

Slotted lines 174, 178, 274 and 278 make it possible to introduce auxiliary modes of operation in the structure.

FIG. 12 also illustrates another variant which differs from FIG. 3 in that slots, rings or holes are inserted in the monopoly 100 or in the mass plane 200. Such slots, rings or holes allow to advantageously introduce secondary modes of resonance in the structure.

Such slots, rings or holes may be subject to many variants and many combinations between them. For this reason, their geometry will not be described in the detail thereafter.

• une fente rectiligne 182 perpendiculaire au plan O-O, symétrique par rapport à celui-ci et qui couvre sensiblement 60% de la largeur du monopole 100,
• dans le monopole 100 une seconde fente en U 184, disposée entre la fente 182 et le tronçon extrême 130, la fente 184 comprenant un tronçon principal 185 perpendiculaire au plan O-O, symétrique par rapport à celui-ci et qui couvre sensiblement 50% de la largeur du monopole 100 pourvue à chacune de ces extrémités de tronçons auxiliaires 186,187, parallèles au plan O-O, dirigées vers le plan de masse 200 et dont la longueur est de l'ordre du tiers de la longueur du tronçon principal 185,
• dans le pavé 210 du plan de masse 200, un trou 282 de contour circulaire ayant un diamètre de l'ordre du tiers de la hauteur du pavé 210 considéré parallèlement au plan O-O, sensiblement centré sur ce pavé,
• dans le pavé 220 du plan de masse 200, un anneau 284 ayant une largeur de l'ordre de 1mm et un diamètre de l'ordre de la moitié de la hauteur du pavé 220 considéré parallèlement au plan O-O.

It will be noted, however, that the variant embodiment, not limiting, illustrated in FIG. 12 comprises:

• a rectilinear slot 182 perpendicular to the plane OO, symmetrical with respect thereto and covering substantially 60% of the width of the monopole 100,
• in the monopole 100 a second U-shaped slot 184, disposed between the slot 182 and the end portion 130, the slot 184 comprising a main section 185 perpendicular to the plane OO, symmetrical with respect thereto and which covers substantially 50% of the width of the monopole 100 provided at each end of auxiliary sections 186, 187, parallel to the plane OO, directed towards the ground plane 200 and whose length is of the order of one third of the length of the main section 185,
• in the block 210 of the ground plane 200, a hole 282 of circular contour having a diameter of about one-third of the height of the block 210 considered parallel to the plane OO, substantially centered on this block,
• in the block 220 of the ground plane 200, a ring 284 having a width of the order of 1 mm and a diameter of the order of half the height of the block 220 considered parallel to the plane OO.

FIG. 13 shows the adaptation curve of the antenna shown in FIG. 3, more precisely the ratio of standing waves (ROS) as a function of frequency. We note the examination of this figure 13 that the standing wave ratio remains less than 2 between 1.8GHz and 6.1GHz and remains below 2.6 between 1.5GHz and 11GHz.

Such an antenna, of compact dimensions since they are of the order of 47mmx37mmx1,5mm ensures operation ultra wide bands from 1.5 to more than 11GHz, a ratio of maximum frequency and the minimum frequency greater than 7.

The associated radiation patterns are represented on the Figure 14. They are characterized by a minimum of radiation on the axis OZ of the monopole coinciding with the plane O-O, (characteristic sign of a monopolar radius) as well as diagrams omnidirectional (at least up to 6GHz) on cones with axis the monopoly and directions that are globally between 60 ° and 120 ° around this axis with a maximum directivity that varies from 2 to 5dB.

This antenna is therefore an excellent candidate to be integrated into the transmission chain of future UWB systems.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the modes particular embodiments which have just been described but any variant in accordance with his spirit.

FIG. 15 is a diagrammatic representation of another variant of embodiment according to the present invention that the monopoly 100 and its associated 110 power line as well as the ground plane 200 are provided on a first face 12 of the dielectric support 10 while the second face 14 of this dielectric substrate 10 carries a auxiliary ground plane 300 made of electrically conductive material. The auxiliary ground plane 300 is connected to each of the two blocks 210, 220 constituting the 200 coplanar ground plane of the monopoly 100 by via a plurality of electrically conductive pins 310 through the substrate 10.

In this context, the power supply of the antenna is realized between the lower auxiliary ground plane 300 and the feed line 110.

Finally, there is shown in Figures 16 and 17 attached, other embodiments according to the present invention combining on the same printed circuit board, several coplanar antennas orthogonal to each other.

More specifically, there is shown in FIG. first embodiment comprising two coplanar antennas of the type described above, orthogonal to each other, while represented in the attached FIG. 17, another variant comprising four coplanar antennas of the previously described orthogonal type two by two, split into a pair at two corners diagonally opposite of the substrate. Preferably, the diet of antennas according to the variants shown in Figures 16 and 17 is provided between a plane of mass provided on the lower surface 14 of the substrate 10 and the feed line 110.

REFERENCES

Document [1]: SIBILLE A. et al. «Design and characterization of ULB antennas for high speed multimedia communication »Days SEE - ULB, 58, 19-20 June 2003.

Document [2]: AMMANN M.J., Zhi Ning CHEN Wideband Shorted Planar Monopoly with Bevel »IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propagation, Vol 51, No. 4, April 2003, pp. 901-903.

Document [3]: AMMAN Mr. J. Zhi Ning CHEN, "Wideband Monopoly Antennas for Multiband Wireless Systems »IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol 45, No. 2, April 2003, pp 146-150.

Document [4]: SONG C. T. P., HALLS P. S., GHAFOURI-SHIRAZ H. "Perturbed Sierpinsky Multiband Fractal Antenna with Improved Technical Feeding »IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propagation, vol 51, No. 5, May 2003, pp1011-1017.

Claims (19)

Antenna, in particular for broadcasting broadband services characterized by the fact that it includes: a support (10) of dielectric material, which carries, made in printed technology: a monopoly (100) connected to a coplanar guide-type feed line (110), and a coplanar ground plane (200) consisting of two blocks (210, 220) located respectively on either side of the feed line (110), being separated therefrom, wherein the monopole (100) is flared away from the ground plane (200) and the ground plane (200) has a border (244-249; 250-254; 250-258) directed to the monopoly (100) which is not totally straight. Antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that said border of the ground plane (200) is convex towards the monopole. Antenna according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said edge of the ground plane (200) forms a point towards the monopoly (100). Antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that said border of the ground plane (200) is concave towards the monopole. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said border of the ground plane (200) has a continuous curvature. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said edge of the ground plane (200) is delimited by a succession of rectilinear sections. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ground plane (200) has a generally polygonal shape. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the monopoly (100) has a symmetry with respect to a plane passing through the feed line (110). Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the monopole (100) is asymmetrical. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the feed line (110) is formed of a straight ribbon. Antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the support of dielectric material (10) has an auxiliary ground plane (300) on its opposite side to the monopole (100), which auxiliary ground plane (300) ) is connected to the coplanar ground plane (200) of the monopole by conductive pins (310) passing through the support. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the edge of the monopole (100) facing the ground plane (200) has a continuous curvature. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the edge of the monopoly (100) facing the ground plane (200) is defined by a series of successive rectilinear sections. Antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the monopole (100) and / or the ground plane (200) comprise grooves (262, 263, 264, 162, 163, 164) which open on the flanks of these. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a short circuit (170) connects the monopole (100) and the ground plane (200). Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the monopole (100) and / or the ground plane (200) comprise slot lines (174, 178; 274, 278). Antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the monopole (100) and / or the ground plane (200) comprise slots (182, 184) and / or rings (284) and / or holes (282). Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that it comprises two coplanar orthogonal monopoles. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that it comprises four coplanar monopolies, in the form of two pairs of orthogonal monopoles arranged on opposite angles of the support (10).

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