EP1762400A1 - Building panel having polyurethane layers and a decorative layer - Google Patents
Building panel having polyurethane layers and a decorative layer Download PDFInfo
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- EP1762400A1 EP1762400A1 EP20060017623 EP06017623A EP1762400A1 EP 1762400 A1 EP1762400 A1 EP 1762400A1 EP 20060017623 EP20060017623 EP 20060017623 EP 06017623 A EP06017623 A EP 06017623A EP 1762400 A1 EP1762400 A1 EP 1762400A1
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- Prior art keywords
- polyurethane layer
- layer
- building board
- polyurethane
- board according
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
- B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
- B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
- B44C5/043—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers containing wooden elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
- B44F9/00—Designs imitating natural patterns
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
Definitions
- Building panel in particular floor panel made of wood material, plastic or a mixture of wood material and plastic, with a top and a bottom and side edges, in which at least on the top of a polyurethane layer is applied.
- Such structural panels are used for example as floor panels.
- Known floor panels are largely based on engineered wood base bodies made of HDF, MDF or OSB. Such panels have disadvantages, because wood-based materials have hygroscopic properties, which result in swelling and shrinkage size changes in the wood materials, which cause such floor panels are not used in wet rooms.
- floor panels are often provided with hard, wear-resistant surfaces that create disturbing noises when walking and counteract the natural effect that laminate floors are designed to produce.
- Laminates are known, on the plate-shaped base at least one decor-supporting paper layer is applied.
- the decor imitates the look and feel of a natural material, such as wood or stone.
- the decor may also have an embossed structure.
- a disadvantage is the cost-intensive production by the use of decorated and impregnated paper layers as well as their exact alignment on the plate-shaped base and their exact alignment with respect to a the embossment structure introducing tool.
- the control of the pressure and temperature conditions on the one hand and the control of the process speed on the other hand are also costly.
- the imitated decor is printed on a paper web, which is then coated with synthetic resin and rolled up on a roll.
- the thus prepared decorative sheet is then applied to the panel manufacturer on wood fiber boards.
- the paper web changes in dimensions.
- construction panels are to be provided which mimic natural materials almost perfectly and can also be used in damp rooms. Furthermore, the properties relating to the noise during walking should be improved. In addition, a simplified and cost-effective method for producing the building panels is to be provided.
- the generic building board characterized by the fact that a natural material mimicking decorative layer is applied to the polyurethane layer.
- the method for producing a building board is characterized in that a decorative layer imitating a natural material is applied to the polyurethane layer.
- the building board can carry both on the bottom and on the top of a first polyurethane layer.
- the underside polyurethane layer serves as a so-called counter-pull to avoid a tipping of the building board.
- the lower-side polyurethane layer since it is elastic, can also be used as a sound-insulating layer.
- the bottom polyurethane layer may contain admixtures to the polyurethane of heavier particles such as sands, flours or dusts of quartz, granite or marble or metal particles.
- the underside polyurethane layer contains color particles to meet different demands on the optical design of the building board.
- the elastic, top-side polyurethane layer it is possible to reduce the noise formation when walking through the building board.
- the top side polyurethane layer seals the building board against the ingress of moisture, so that it can also be used in damp rooms.
- top-side polyurethane layer serves as a primer and / or as a primer for a subsequent, composed of one or more individual layers, decorative layer.
- the decorative layer may consist of one or more individual layers in order to realize even elaborate decors.
- a final polyurethane layer is preferably applied to the decorative layer in order to protect the decorative layer, for example, against mechanical effects caused by walking and from damage caused by moisture. So that the building board can imitate a natural material very precisely, the upper polyurethane layer may have a structural embossing, which is tuned, for example, to a wood decor of the decorative layer to be imitated.
- the application rate of the final polyurethane layer for weak embossing is between 50 and 100 g / m 2 and for strong embossing between 100 and 400 g / m 2 .
- corundum may be added to the final polyurethane layer as wear-inhibiting particles.
- the final polyurethane layer can contain as an effect-generating particles such as metals or color pigments to meet a variety of demands on the optical design can.
- the uppermost polyurethane layer can also be monochrome.
- the final polyurethane layer may contain optically brightening or antistatic admixtures. It is also conceivable for the polyurethane layer to have an antibacterial effect and / or add dirt-repellent admixtures in order to be able to produce, for example, floors for special fields of application with increased hygiene requirements from the building boards.
- optically brightening or antistatic admixtures it is also conceivable for the polyurethane layer to have an antibacterial effect and / or add dirt-repellent admixtures in order to be able to produce, for example, floors for special fields of application with increased hygiene requirements from the building boards.
- the composition of the polyurethane layer can be adjusted by the variation of the composition of the polyurethane layer, the gloss level of the surface to meet the different optical requirements of the various applications.
- both the bottom and the top of the building board can receive a same layer structure.
- an underlying structure has a slip-resistant effect on the substrate.
- the top and bottom decoration layer and structuring give the impression of a nearly perfect imitation of a natural material, e.g. Wood or stone, still reinforce.
- mutually corresponding connecting means for example tongue and groove, are integrally formed on the side edges of the building panel in order to connect a plurality of building panels to one another. It has been found that it is particularly advantageous if mechanical locking means for locking a plurality of building panels are integrally formed with each other on the connecting means, so that in addition to the connection of a plurality of building panels with each other, a mechanical locking of the building panels is possible without an additional gluing.
- a decorative layer which imitates the respective natural material also on the edges of the building board.
- a structure-imprinting embossing mimicking the respective natural material also into the polyurethane covering layer of the side edges of the building board.
- the decorative layer and / or the structuring embossing are adapted to the decor located on the surface.
- the method for producing a building board is characterized in that a decorative layer imitating a natural material is applied to the polyurethane layer is applied.
- the polyurethane layer can be applied by pouring and doctoring, so that a flat surface is formed on the provided with a decorative layer top of the building board.
- the decorative layer, which is applied to the polyurethane layer can also be applied by one or more rolling mills to apply different colors or multi-layer decors on the surface of the building board can.
- the decorative layer can also be applied by at least one digital printer or printed by screen printing. Due to the different ways of applying the decorative layer on the top of the building board, the respective technical requirements can be discussed.
- the decorative layer can be applied in one layer or in several layers. If the decorative layer is applied in several layers, a relief-like surface can already be produced by the decorative layer, which can imitate a natural surface, for example a wooden surface, with particular accuracy.
- a final polyurethane layer is applied to the decorative layer, on the one hand to protect the decorative layer from abrasion and other mechanical influences, and on the other to improve the sound-insulating properties of the building board.
- the order can be carried out by a roller printing unit.
- the drying of the respective last polyurethane layer can take place to the multilayer structure of the final polyurethane layer to allow and also to realize very thick polyurethane layers, in which particularly deep imprints can be introduced.
- the drying process can be active, for example by a fan heater, or passively, for example by venting in the ambient air done.
- the division of a large building board into several individual small building boards can be done by means of a plurality of dividing saws.
- other distribution methods such as water jet cutting, can be used.
- edges can be at least partially decorated and / or receive a structuring embossing.
- the decoration and / or the structuring embossing is adapted to the decor located on the surface. This enhances the impression of a perfect imitation of a natural material.
- Fig. 1 shows the cross section of the building board with a top 1 and a bottom 2.
- a polyurethane layer 3 is applied as a primer and adhesion promoter
- a polyurethane layer 4 is applied as a back-up.
- a decorative layer 5 is applied, which has a decorating a natural material decor.
- the order of the polyurethane layers 3 and 4 is carried out by a roller printing unit 17 and the order of the decorative layer 5 on the polyurethane layer 3 is carried out with a rolling mill 18.
- a final polyurethane layer 6 is applied, which is thicker than the first polyurethane layer 3 and consists of several layers.
- a structure-forming embossment 7 is introduced by means of a roller printing unit 17, which imitates a natural material and is adapted to the structure of the decorative layer 5.
- Fig. 2 shows the top view of the top 1 of the building board.
- a wood grain imitating decorative layer 5 and a final polyurethane layer 6 is applied.
- a structuring embossment 7 is embossed, which imitates a natural material, here a wood structure.
- On the side edges 10 and 13 grooves 14 are formed as connecting means. At the opposite side edges 11 and 12 springs 15 are formed as a corresponding connecting means.
- Fig. 3 shows an apparatus for producing the building board.
- the roller printing unit 16 the one polyurethane layer 4 is applied as a countermatch to prevent tipping on the underside 2 of the building board.
- the application of a polyurethane layer 3 as a primer and adhesion promoter on the top 1 of the building board by means of the rolling printing unit 17 is applied to the polyurethane layer 4 by means of the rolling mill 18, a natural material imitating decorative layer 5.
- the second polyurethane layer 5 is applied by means of the roller printing unit 19.
- the final polyurethane layer 6 is dried.
- a structuring embossing 7 embossed in order to enhance the natural impression of the building board yet.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Bauplatte, insbesondere Fußbodenpaneel aus Holzwerkstoff, Kunststoff oder einem Gemisch aus Holzwerkstoff und Kunststoff, mit einer Oberseite und einer Unterseite und Seitenkanten, bei der zumindest auf die Oberseite eine Polyurethanschicht aufgebracht ist.Building panel, in particular floor panel made of wood material, plastic or a mixture of wood material and plastic, with a top and a bottom and side edges, in which at least on the top of a polyurethane layer is applied.
Solche Bauplatten werden beispielsweise als Fußbodenpaneele verwendet. Bekannte Fußbodenpaneele beruhen größtenteils auf Holzwerkstoffgrundkörpern aus HDF, MDF oder OSB. Solche Paneele weisen Nachteile auf, denn Holzwerkstoffe besitzen hygroskopische Eigenschaften, wodurch sich durch Quellen und Schwinden Größenveränderungen in den Holzwerkstoffen ergeben, die dazu führen, dass solche Bodenpaneele in Feuchträumen nicht einsetzbar sind.Such structural panels are used for example as floor panels. Known floor panels are largely based on engineered wood base bodies made of HDF, MDF or OSB. Such panels have disadvantages, because wood-based materials have hygroscopic properties, which result in swelling and shrinkage size changes in the wood materials, which cause such floor panels are not used in wet rooms.
Fußbodenpaneele sind zudem häufig mit harten, verschleißfesten Oberflächen versehen, die beim Gehen störende Geräusche erzeugen und dem natürlichen Effekt, die Laminatfußböden erzeugen sollen, entgegenwirken.In addition, floor panels are often provided with hard, wear-resistant surfaces that create disturbing noises when walking and counteract the natural effect that laminate floors are designed to produce.
Bekannt sind auch Bodenpaneele, deren Basismaterial bereits aus wasserfestem Material, beispielsweise Kunststoff besteht. Solche Kunststoffmaterialien lassen sich jedoch nicht mit harzimprägnierten Dekor- und Overlaypapieren unter erhöhtem Druck und unter erhöhter Temperatur verpressen.Also known are floor panels whose base material already consists of waterproof material, such as plastic. However, such plastic materials can not be pressed with resin-impregnated decorative and overlay papers under elevated pressure and at elevated temperature.
Bekannt sind Laminate, auf deren plattenförmiger Basis mindestens eine dekortragende Papierlage aufgebracht ist. Das Dekor imitiert dabei in Optik und Haptik einen natürlichen Werkstoff, wie beispielsweise Holz oder Stein. Dazu kann das Dekor auch eine Prägestruktur aufweisen. Nachteilig ist die kostenintensive Herstellung durch die Verwendung dekorierter und imprägnierter Papierlagen sowie deren genaue Ausrichtung auf der plattenförmigen Basis und deren genaue Ausrichtung bezüglich eines die Prägestruktur einbringenden Werkzeugs. Die Steuerung der Druck- und Temperaturverhältnisse einerseits und die Steuerung der Prozessgeschwindigkeit andererseits sind ebenfalls kostenintensiv.Laminates are known, on the plate-shaped base at least one decor-supporting paper layer is applied. The decor imitates the look and feel of a natural material, such as wood or stone. For this purpose, the decor may also have an embossed structure. A disadvantage is the cost-intensive production by the use of decorated and impregnated paper layers as well as their exact alignment on the plate-shaped base and their exact alignment with respect to a the embossment structure introducing tool. The control of the pressure and temperature conditions on the one hand and the control of the process speed on the other hand are also costly.
Das imitierte Dekor wird auf eine Papierbahn aufgedruckt, die anschließend mit Kunstharz beschichtet und auf eine Rolle aufgerollt wird. Die so vorgefertigte Dekorbahn wird anschließend bei dem Paneelhersteller auf Holzfaserplatten aufgebracht. Durch das Aufdrucken des Dekors auf die Papierbahn, das spätere Versiegeln der Papierbahn mit Kunstharz und das anschließende durch Druck- und Temperatureinwirkung Verbinden der Dekorschicht mit der Holzwerkstoffplatte, verändert sich die Papierbahn in ihren Abmessungen. Der Fachmann spricht davon, dass das Papier wächst. Das Papier wächst sowohl in der Länge (Längenwachstum) als auch in der Breite (Breitenwachstum). Wenn diese Dekorplatte nun zu einzelnen Paneelen zugeschnitten werden soll, muss das Längen- und Breitenwachstum berücksichtigt werden, weil anderenfalls eine ungleiche Dekorverteilung auf den einzelnen Paneelen vorhanden wäre. Dies hätte zur Folge, dass der aus einer ungleich verteilten Dekorschicht zusammengesetzte Fußboden an den Verbindungskanten der Paneele Dekorsprünge aufweist. Selbst wenn solche Dekorsprünge nur wenige Millimeter betragen, fallen sie bei der Betrachtung auf, was den ästhetischen Eindruck negativ beeinflusst und damit die Qualität des ausgelegten Fußbodens mindert. Um qualitätsgerecht produzieren zu können, muss das Papierwachstum erfasst und die Säge entsprechend eingestellt werden, was weiterhin die Herstellung der Paneele verteuert.The imitated decor is printed on a paper web, which is then coated with synthetic resin and rolled up on a roll. The thus prepared decorative sheet is then applied to the panel manufacturer on wood fiber boards. By printing the decoration on the paper web, the subsequent sealing of the paper web with synthetic resin and the subsequent pressure and temperature effect connecting the decorative layer with the wood-based panel, the paper web changes in dimensions. The expert speaks of the paper growing. The paper grows both in length (length growth) and in width (width growth). If this decorative panel is now to be cut to individual panels, the length and width growth must be taken into account, because otherwise an uneven decor distribution on the individual panels would be present. This would mean that the floor composed of an unequally distributed decorative layer has decorative jumps on the connecting edges of the panels. Even if such decorative jumps are only a few millimeters, they are noticeable when viewed, which adversely affects the aesthetic impression and thus reduces the quality of the floor designed. In order to produce quality, paper growth must be recorded and the saw adjusted accordingly, which further increases the cost of manufacturing the panels.
Von dieser Problemstellung ausgehend, sollen Bauplatten bereitgestellt werden, die natürliche Werkstoffe nahezu perfekt imitieren und zusätzlich in Feuchträumen einsetzbar sind. Weiterhin sollen die Eigenschaften bezüglich der Geräuschbildung beim Begehen verbessert werden. Darüber hinaus soll ein vereinfachtes und kostengünstiges Verfahren zur Herstellung der Bauplatten bereitgestellt werden.Based on this problem, construction panels are to be provided which mimic natural materials almost perfectly and can also be used in damp rooms. Furthermore, the properties relating to the noise during walking should be improved. In addition, a simplified and cost-effective method for producing the building panels is to be provided.
Zur Problemlösung zeichnet sich die gattungsgemäße Bauplatte dadurch aus, dass auf die Polyurethanschicht eine einen natürlichen Werkstoff imitierende Dekorschicht aufgebracht ist.To solve the problem, the generic building board characterized by the fact that a natural material mimicking decorative layer is applied to the polyurethane layer.
Das Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Bauplatte zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass auf die Polyurethanschicht eine einen natürlichen Werkstoff imitierende Dekorschicht aufgebracht wird.The method for producing a building board is characterized in that a decorative layer imitating a natural material is applied to the polyurethane layer.
Die Bauplatte kann sowohl auf der Unter- als auch auf der Oberseite eine erste Polyurethanschicht tragen. Vorteilhafterweise dient die unterseitige Polyurethanschicht dabei als so genannter Gegenzug zur Vermeidung einer Schüsselung der Bauplatte, Zudem kann die unterseitige Polyurethanschicht, da sie elastisch ist, auch als schalldämmende Schicht Verwendung finden.The building board can carry both on the bottom and on the top of a first polyurethane layer. Advantageously, the underside polyurethane layer serves as a so-called counter-pull to avoid a tipping of the building board, In addition, the lower-side polyurethane layer, since it is elastic, can also be used as a sound-insulating layer.
Um die schalldämmenden Eigenschaften der Polyurethanschicht weiter zu verbessern, kann die unterseitige Polyurethanschicht Beimengungen gegenüber dem Polyurethan schwererer Partikel wie Sande, Mehle oder Stäube von Quarz, Granit oder Marmor oder Metallteilchen enthalten.In order to further improve the sound insulating properties of the polyurethane layer, the bottom polyurethane layer may contain admixtures to the polyurethane of heavier particles such as sands, flours or dusts of quartz, granite or marble or metal particles.
Es ist auch möglich, dass die unterseitige Polyurethanschicht Farbpartikel enthält, um unterschiedlichen Ansprüchen an die optische Gestaltung der Bauplatte gerecht zu werden. Durch die elastische, oberseitige Polyurethanschicht kann vortellhafterweise die Geräuschbildung beim Begehen der Bauplatte reduziert werden. Zudem versiegelt die oberseitige Polyurethanschicht die Bauplatte vor dem Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit, so dass sie auch in Feuchträumen eingesetzt werden kann.It is also possible that the underside polyurethane layer contains color particles to meet different demands on the optical design of the building board. By virtue of the elastic, top-side polyurethane layer, it is possible to reduce the noise formation when walking through the building board. In addition, the top side polyurethane layer seals the building board against the ingress of moisture, so that it can also be used in damp rooms.
Darüber hinaus dient die oberseitige Polyurethanschicht als Grundierung und/oder als Haftvermittler für eine nachfolgende, sich aus einer oder mehreren Einzelschichten zusammensetzende, Dekorschicht. Hierdurch ist das Aufbringen eines mit Harz imprägnierten Dekorpapiers nicht mehr notwendig, so dass sich hier erhebliche Kosteneinsparpotentiale für die Herstellung von Bauplatten ergeben.In addition, the top-side polyurethane layer serves as a primer and / or as a primer for a subsequent, composed of one or more individual layers, decorative layer. As a result, the application of a resin-impregnated decor paper is no longer necessary, so that there are significant cost savings potential for the production of building boards here.
Je nach dem wie dick die Dekorschicht auf die Polyurethanschicht aufgetragen werden soll, kann die Dekorschicht aus einer oder mehreren Einzelschichten bestehen, um auch aufwändige Dekore realisieren zu können.Depending on how thick the decorative layer is to be applied to the polyurethane layer, the decorative layer may consist of one or more individual layers in order to realize even elaborate decors.
Auf die Dekorschicht wird vorzugsweise eine abschließende Polyurethanschicht aufgetragen, um die Dekorschicht beispielsweise vor mechanischen Einwirkungen durch Begehen sowie vor Beschädigungen durch Feuchteeinwirkung zu schützen. Damit die Bauplatte einen natürlichen Werkstoff besonders genau imitieren kann, kann die obere Polyurethanschicht eine Strukturprägung aufweisen, die beispielsweise auf ein zu imitierendes Holzdekor der Dekorschicht abgestimmt ist.A final polyurethane layer is preferably applied to the decorative layer in order to protect the decorative layer, for example, against mechanical effects caused by walking and from damage caused by moisture. So that the building board can imitate a natural material very precisely, the upper polyurethane layer may have a structural embossing, which is tuned, for example, to a wood decor of the decorative layer to be imitated.
Vorteilhafterweise beträgt die Auftragsmenge der abschließenden Polyurethanschicht für schwache Prägungen zwischen 50 und 100 g/m2 und für starke Prägungen zwischen 100 und 400 g/m2.Advantageously, the application rate of the final polyurethane layer for weak embossing is between 50 and 100 g / m 2 and for strong embossing between 100 and 400 g / m 2 .
Um die Abriebfestigkeit der abschließenden Polyurethanschicht weiter zu verbessern, können der abschließenden Polyurethanschicht als verschleißhemmende Partikel Korund beigegeben werden.In order to further improve the abrasion resistance of the final polyurethane layer, corundum may be added to the final polyurethane layer as wear-inhibiting particles.
Die abschließende Polyurethanschicht kann als effekterzeugende Partikel wie Metalle oder Farbpigmente enthalten, um verschiedensten Ansprüchen an die optische Gestaltung gerecht werden zu können. So kann die oberste Polyurethanschicht zum Beispiel auch einfarbig sein.The final polyurethane layer can contain as an effect-generating particles such as metals or color pigments to meet a variety of demands on the optical design can. For example, the uppermost polyurethane layer can also be monochrome.
Optional oder in Kombination mit den zuvor genannten Varianten kann die abschließende Polyurethanschicht optisch aufhellende oder auch antistatisch wirkende Beimengungen enthalten, Es ist auch denkbar, der Polyurethanschicht antibakteriell wirkende und/oder schmutzabweisende Beimengungen zuzugeben, um aus den Bauplatten beispielsweise Fußböden für spezielle Anwendungsgebiete mit erhöhten Anforderungen an Hygiene herstellen zu können. Vorteilhafterweise kann durch die Variation der Zusammensetzung der Polyurethanschicht der Glanzgrad der Oberfläche eingestellt werden, um auch den unterschiedlichen optischen Anforderungen der verschiedenen Einsatzgebiete gerecht zu werden.Optionally or in combination with the abovementioned variants, the final polyurethane layer may contain optically brightening or antistatic admixtures. It is also conceivable for the polyurethane layer to have an antibacterial effect and / or add dirt-repellent admixtures in order to be able to produce, for example, floors for special fields of application with increased hygiene requirements from the building boards. Advantageously, can be adjusted by the variation of the composition of the polyurethane layer, the gloss level of the surface to meet the different optical requirements of the various applications.
Alternativ können sowohl die Unter- als auch die Oberseite der Bauplatte einen gleichen Schichtaufbau erhalten. Eine unterseitige strukturgebende Prägung hat dabei neben optischen und haptischen Effekten eine rutschhemmende Wirkung auf dem Untergrund. Durch die ober- und unterseitige Dekorschicht und Strukturierung lässt sich der Eindruck einer nahezu perfekten Imitation eines natürlichen Werkstoffes, z.B. Holz oder Stein, noch verstärken.Alternatively, both the bottom and the top of the building board can receive a same layer structure. In addition to the visual and haptic effects, an underlying structure has a slip-resistant effect on the substrate. The top and bottom decoration layer and structuring give the impression of a nearly perfect imitation of a natural material, e.g. Wood or stone, still reinforce.
Vorteilhafterweise sind an den Seitenkanten der Bauplatte zueinander korrespondierende Verbindungsmittel, zum Beispiel Nut und Feder, angeformt, um eine Mehrzahl von Bauplatten untereinander zu verbinden. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass es besonders vorteilhaft ist, wenn an den Verbindungsmitteln mechanische Verriegelungsmittel zur Verriegelung mehrerer Bauplatten untereinander angeformt sind, damit neben der Verbindung einer Mehrzahl von Bauplatten untereinander auch eine mechanische Verriegelung der Bauplatten ohne eine zusätzliche Verleimung möglich ist.Advantageously, mutually corresponding connecting means, for example tongue and groove, are integrally formed on the side edges of the building panel in order to connect a plurality of building panels to one another. It has been found that it is particularly advantageous if mechanical locking means for locking a plurality of building panels are integrally formed with each other on the connecting means, so that in addition to the connection of a plurality of building panels with each other, a mechanical locking of the building panels is possible without an additional gluing.
Um einen natürlichen Werkstoff, zum Beispiel Holz oder Stein, besonders präzise zu imitieren, ist es vorteilhaft, auch auf den Kanten der Bauplatte eine den jeweiligen natürlichen Werkstoff imitierende Dekorschicht aufzubringen. Um den zu imitierenden Werkstoff noch genauer nachzubilden, ist es vorteilhaft, eine den jeweiligen natürlichen Werkstoff imitierende strukturgebende Prägung auch in die Polyurethanabdeckschicht der Seitenkanten der Bauplatte einzuprägen. Vorzugsweise sind dabei die Dekorschicht und/oder die strukturgebende Prägung auf das auf der Oberfläche befindliche Dekor angepasst.In order to imitate a natural material, for example wood or stone, particularly precisely, it is advantageous to apply a decorative layer which imitates the respective natural material also on the edges of the building board. In order to reproduce the material to be imitated even more accurately, it is advantageous to impress a structure-imprinting embossing mimicking the respective natural material also into the polyurethane covering layer of the side edges of the building board. Preferably, the decorative layer and / or the structuring embossing are adapted to the decor located on the surface.
Das Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Bauplatte zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass auf die Polyurethanschicht eine einen natürlichen Werkstoff imitierende Dekorschicht aufgebracht wird. Vorteilhafterweise kann die Polyurethanschicht dabei durch Aufgießen und Abrakeln aufgetragen werden, so dass eine ebene Oberfläche auf der mit einer Dekorschicht versehenen Oberseite der Bauplatte entsteht.The method for producing a building board is characterized in that a decorative layer imitating a natural material is applied to the polyurethane layer is applied. Advantageously, the polyurethane layer can be applied by pouring and doctoring, so that a flat surface is formed on the provided with a decorative layer top of the building board.
Die Dekorschicht, die auf die Polyurethanschicht aufgetragen wird, kann auch durch ein oder mehrere Walzwerke aufgetragen werden, um unterschiedlichen Farben oder mehrschichtige Dekore auf die Oberfläche der Bauplatte aufbringen zu können.The decorative layer, which is applied to the polyurethane layer can also be applied by one or more rolling mills to apply different colors or multi-layer decors on the surface of the building board can.
Alternativ kann die Dekorschicht auch durch mindestens einen Digitaldrucker aufgebracht werden oder im Siebdruckverfahren aufgedruckt werden. Durch die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten, die Dekorschicht auf die Oberseite der Bauplatte aufzubringen, kann auf die jeweiligen anlagentechnischen Voraussetzungen eingegangen werden.Alternatively, the decorative layer can also be applied by at least one digital printer or printed by screen printing. Due to the different ways of applying the decorative layer on the top of the building board, the respective technical requirements can be discussed.
Je nach optischen Erfordernissen kann die Dekorschicht in einer Schicht oder in mehreren Schichten aufgetragen werden. Wird die Dekorschicht in mehreren Schichten aufgetragen, so kann schon durch die Dekorschicht eine reliefartige Oberfläche erzeugt werden, die eine natürliche Oberfläche, zum Beispiel eine Holzoberfläche, besonders genau imitieren kann.Depending on the optical requirements, the decorative layer can be applied in one layer or in several layers. If the decorative layer is applied in several layers, a relief-like surface can already be produced by the decorative layer, which can imitate a natural surface, for example a wooden surface, with particular accuracy.
Vorteilhafterweise wird auf die Dekorschicht eine abschließende Polyurethanschicht aufgetragen, um zum einen die Dekorschicht vor Abrieb und anderen mechanischen Einflüssen zu schützen und zum anderen die schalldämmenden Eigenschaften der Bauplatte zu verbessern.Advantageously, a final polyurethane layer is applied to the decorative layer, on the one hand to protect the decorative layer from abrasion and other mechanical influences, and on the other to improve the sound-insulating properties of the building board.
Um den Auftrag der abschließenden Polyurethanschicht besonders einfach zu gestalten, kann der Auftrag durch ein Walzendruckwerk erfolgen. Alternativ ist es auch möglich, die abschließende Polyurethanschicht durch Aufgießen und Abrakeln aufzubringen. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass es vorteilhaft ist, die abschließende Polyurethanschicht in mindestens einer oder mehreren Schichten aufzutragen. So kann eine an die jeweiligen Erfordernisse angepasste dicke oder besonders dünne abschließende Polyurethanschicht aufgetragen werden. Zwischen dem Aufbringen der einzelnen Polyurethanschichten kann die Trocknung der jeweiligen letzten Polyurethanschicht erfolgen, um den mehrlagigen Aufbau der abschließenden Polyurethanschicht zu ermöglichen und auch besonders dicke Polyurethanschichten zu realisieren, in die besonders tiefe Prägungen eingebracht werden können.In order to make the application of the final polyurethane layer particularly simple, the order can be carried out by a roller printing unit. Alternatively, it is also possible to apply the final polyurethane layer by pouring and doctoring. It has been shown that it is advantageous to apply the final polyurethane layer in at least one or more layers. Thus, a customized to the particular requirements thick or very thin final polyurethane layer can be applied. Between the application of the individual polyurethane layers, the drying of the respective last polyurethane layer can take place to the multilayer structure of the final polyurethane layer to allow and also to realize very thick polyurethane layers, in which particularly deep imprints can be introduced.
Der Trocknungsprozess kann dabei aktiv, zum Beispiel durch ein Heizgebläse, oder auch passiv, zum Beispiel durch Ablüften an der Umgebungsluft, erfolgen.The drying process can be active, for example by a fan heater, or passively, for example by venting in the ambient air done.
Die Aufteilung einer großen Bauplatte in mehrere einzelne kleine Bauplatten kann mittels einer mehrerer Aufteilsägen erfolgen. Alternativ sind auch andere Aufteilverfahren, beispielsweise Wasserstrahlschneiden, einsetzbar.The division of a large building board into several individual small building boards can be done by means of a plurality of dividing saws. Alternatively, other distribution methods, such as water jet cutting, can be used.
Optional kann eine weitere Behandlung der Kanten vorgesehen sein. Die Kanten können mindestens teilweise dekoriert werden und/oder eine strukturgebende Prägung erhalten. Vorzugsweise ist die Dekorierung und/oder die strukturgebende Prägung auf das auf der Oberfläche befindliche Dekor angepasst. Dadurch lässt sich der Eindruck einer perfekten Imitation eines natürlichen Werkstoffes noch verstärken.Optionally, a further treatment of the edges may be provided. The edges can be at least partially decorated and / or receive a structuring embossing. Preferably, the decoration and / or the structuring embossing is adapted to the decor located on the surface. This enhances the impression of a perfect imitation of a natural material.
Anhand einer Zeichnung soll ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert werden. Es zeigt:
- Fig. 1 -
- einen Querschnitt der Bauplatte;
- Fig, 2 -
- eine Draufsicht auf die Bauplatte und
- Fig. 3 -
- ein Verfahrensschema zur Herstellung der Bauplatte.
- Fig. 1 -
- a cross section of the building board;
- Fig. 2 -
- a plan view of the building board and
- Fig. 3 -
- a process diagram for the production of the building board.
Fig. 1 zeigt den Querschnitt der Bauplatte mit einer Oberseite 1 und einer Unterseite 2. Auf der Oberseite 1 ist eine Polyurethanschicht 3 als Grundierung und Haftvermittler aufgebracht, auf der Unterseite 2 ist eine Polyurethanschicht 4 als Gegenzug aufgebracht. Auf die Polyurethanschicht 3 ist eine Dekorschicht 5 aufgebracht, die ein einen natürlichen Werkstoff imitierendes Dekor aufweist. Der Auftrag der Polyurethanschichten 3 und 4 erfolgt durch ein Walzendruckwerk 17 und der Auftrag der Dekorschicht 5 auf die Polyurethanschicht 3 erfolgt mit einem Walzwerk 18. Auf die Dekorschicht 5 ist eine abschließende Polyurethanschicht 6 aufgebracht, die dicker ist, als die erste Polyurethanschicht 3 und aus mehreren Schichten besteht. In die Oberfläche der Polyurethanschicht 6 ist eine strukturgebende Prägung 7 mittels eines Walzendruckwerks 17 eingebracht, die einen natürlichen Werkstoff imitiert und an die Struktur der Dekorschicht 5 angepasst ist.Fig. 1 shows the cross section of the building board with a top 1 and a
Fig. 2 zeigt die Draufsicht auf die Oberseite 1 der Bauplatte. Auf die erste Polyurethanschicht 3 ist eine Holzmaserung imitierende Dekorschicht 5 und eine abschließende Polyurethanschicht 6 aufgebracht. In die Polyurethanschicht 6 ist eine strukturgebende Prägung 7 eingeprägt ist, die einen natürlichen Werkstoff, hier eine Holzstruktur, imitiert. An den Seitenkanten 10 und 13 sind als Verbindungsmittel Nuten 14 angeformt. An den gegenüberliegenden Seitenkanten 11 und 12 sind als korrespondierende Verbindungsmittel Federn 15 angeformt.Fig. 2 shows the top view of the
Fig. 3 zeigt eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung der Bauplatte. Mittels des Walzendruckwerks 16 wird die eine Polyurethanschicht 4 als Gegenzug zur Verhinderung von Schüsselungen auf die Unterseite 2 der Bauplatte aufgebracht. Nach dem Trocknen der Polyurethanschicht 4 erfolgt der Auftrag einer Polyurethanschicht 3 als Grundierung und Haftvermittler auf die Oberseite 1 der Bauplatte mittels des Walzdruckwerks 17. Auf die Polyurethanschicht 4 wird mittels des Walzwerks 18 eine einen natürlichen Werkstoff imitierenden Dekorschicht 5 aufgebracht. Nach der aktiven Trocknung der Dekorschicht mittels der Trocknungsvorrichtung 21 erfolgt der Auftrag der zweiten Polyurethanschicht 5 mittels des Walzendruckwerkes 19. Mittels einer Trocknungsvorrichtung 22 wird die abschließende Polyurethanschicht 6 getrocknet. Zuletzt wird vor der Aushärtung der Polyurethanschicht 6 durch das Prägewerkzeug 20 eine strukturgebende Prägung 7 eingeprägt, um den natürlichen Eindruck der Bauplatte noch zu verstärken.Fig. 3 shows an apparatus for producing the building board. By means of the
Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
- 11
- Oberseitetop
- 22
- Unterseitebottom
- 33
- Polyurethanschichtpolyurethane layer
- 44
- Polyurethanschichtpolyurethane layer
- 55
- Dekorschichtdecorative layer
- 66
- Polyurethanschichtpolyurethane layer
- 77
- Strukturprägungembossed structure
- 1010
- Kanteedge
- 1111
- Kanteedge
- 1212
- Kanteedge
- 1313
- Kanteedge
- 1414
- Verbindungsmittelconnecting means
- 1515
- Verbindungsmittelconnecting means
- 1616
- WalzendruckwerkRoll printing unit
- 1717
- WalzendruckwerkRoll printing unit
- 1818
- Walzwerkrolling mill
- 1919
- WalzendruckwerkRoll printing unit
- 2020
- Prägewerkzeugembossing tool
- 2121
- Trocknungsvorrichtungdrying device
- 2222
- Trocknungsvorrichtungdrying device
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PL06017623T PL1762400T5 (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2006-08-24 | Floor panel having polyurethane layers and a decorative layer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005042657A DE102005042657B4 (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2005-09-08 | Building board and method of manufacture |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1762400A1 true EP1762400A1 (en) | 2007-03-14 |
EP1762400B1 EP1762400B1 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
EP1762400B2 EP1762400B2 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
Family
ID=37400747
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06017623.7A Not-in-force EP1762400B2 (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2006-08-24 | Building panel having polyurethane layers and a decorative layer |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8475871B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1762400B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE553271T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102005042657B4 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2384880T5 (en) |
PL (1) | PL1762400T5 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102005042657A1 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
ES2384880T5 (en) | 2016-02-09 |
EP1762400B2 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
ES2384880T3 (en) | 2012-07-13 |
US20110059239A1 (en) | 2011-03-10 |
PL1762400T3 (en) | 2012-08-31 |
PL1762400T5 (en) | 2016-07-29 |
US8475871B2 (en) | 2013-07-02 |
DE102005042657B4 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
EP1762400B1 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
ATE553271T1 (en) | 2012-04-15 |
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