EP2259238A1 - Device for detecting IR radiation emitted by a living organism - Google Patents

Abstract

The device i.e. presence detector, has an opening defining a window area for entry of infra red-radiation. A sensor device (13.1) is arranged in a box part at a front side directly behind a window level in an edge portion of the window area. Other sensor devices (13.2-13.4) are provided independent of the former sensor device. One of mirror chamfers (18.1-18.n) aligns a spatial segment of a monitoring area optically to the former sensor device. Other mirror chamfers aligns another spatial segment optically to the latter sensor devices.

Description

Technical area

1. a) einen Dosenteil mit einer Rückwand, einer Seitenwand und einer der Rückwand gegenüberliegenden Vorderseite,
2. b) eine an der Vorderseite ausgebildete Öffnung, welche einen Fensterbereich für den Eintritt von IR-Strahlung definiert und in einer Fensterebene angeordnet ist,
3. c) eine die IR-Strahlung eines Lebewesens ermittelnde Sensorvorrichtung, welche in dem Dosenteil an der Vorderseite unmittelbar hinter der Fensterebene in einem Randbereich des Fensterbereichs angeordnet ist,
4. d) eine hinter der Fensterebene angeordnete Spiegelanordnung mit mindestens einer ersten und einer zweiten Spiegelfacette.

The invention relates to a device for detecting an IR radiation emanating from a living being, in particular a presence detector for detecting the presence of a living being in a surveillance area

1. a) a can part with a rear wall, a side wall and a front wall opposite the front wall,
2. b) an opening formed at the front, which defines a window area for the entry of IR radiation and is arranged in a window plane,
3. c) a sensor device which detects the IR radiation of a living being and which is arranged in the can part at the front side directly behind the window plane in an edge area of the window area,
4. d) a arranged behind the window plane mirror arrangement with at least a first and a second mirror facet.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a component with such a device.

State of the art

Presence detectors are devices which typically determine, with the aid of pyroelectric sensor elements, whether a living being (in particular a person) is present in a given surveillance area (for example a living room, a study or a corridor). In contrast, intrusion detectors are designed to detect the intrusion of a person into a protected area. For presence detectors, the whole space, not just the good resolution periphery, must be able to be detected, e.g. to be able to detect a relatively calmly sitting person. With a penetration detector, it suffices that the periphery (i.e., the area through which a person must come if he wants to penetrate into the area to be protected) is well covered.

From the US 3,923,382 (Harding ) it is known that with a arranged in a corner of the room penetration detector, a detection angle of 90 ° is considered advantageous. To avoid the disadvantages of a large spherical mirror, a faceted mirror is proposed.

The U.S. 4,778,996 (Baldwin et al. ) shows a passive intrusion detector which is mounted on a ceiling and on the downwardly facing side has a pyramidal protruding window with a hexagonal shape. In the window lenses are provided, which are provided in azimuthal circumferential arrangement. In the rear region of a cuboid housing, an infrared sensor is arranged, on which the radiation arriving through the window is directed by means of a pyramidal mirror.

From the JP 5-223 634 (Ikeda Juko ) is a mounted on a ceiling IR detector is known in which in a housing 3 sensors are provided, each covering 120 °. Overall, an azimuthal range of 360 ° results, with the area just below the sensor included. The sensors are surrounded by a hemispherical window transparent to IR radiation. Fresnel lenses are integrated in the window for deflecting and / or focusing the radiation.

From the JP H05-203763 (Takaoka Hiroyuki ) is a presence detector with a large surveillance area known. In a pyramidal housing four sensors are housed, which are arranged on the four inclined surfaces of the pyramid. The four sensors point in four different spatial directions and thus monitor an azimuthal range of 360 °. It is also the space area detected directly under the sensor.

It has long been known that sensor elements are advantageously arranged side by side in pairs. For example, at the JP S62-147389 arranged in a "button housing" (sensor device) side by side, two pyroelectric sensor elements. A parabolic mirror is provided, which is subdivided into a plurality of facets (or mirror segments), wherein a first and a second facet are focused on the one sensor element and the third facet on the other sensor element of the sensor device. Such arrangements allow a differential measurement to distinguish moving IR sources from static sources.

In the U.S. 4,058,726 (Paschedag et al. ), there is mentioned a recessed detector suitable for buried installation with which electromagnetic radiation coming from a plurality of different spatial directions can be detected. In this case, a number of separate radiation receiver are used with directional characteristics. The receiving direction of the individual radiation receiver is aligned to the desired spatial direction.

To improve the previously known arrangement, it is proposed that a plurality of mirrors with different orientations be directed to a common sensor, so that radiation from different directions can be detected with a single sensor.

From the CH 693 395 For example, an intrusion detector mounted on a ceiling is known which covers an azimuthal range of 360 ° and also detects the area directly under the detector. The detector is designed for surface mounting. That is, he has a flat (plate-shaped) base plate, on which the sensors and the mirrors are constructed, and a hemispherical transparent entrance window, which Sensors and mirrors surrounds. Each sensor is associated with a mirror optics. In particular, three outwardly looking collecting mirrors are arranged in the center of the detector and three sensors around the mirrors. Each sensor detects a room area of 120 ° with the associated collecting mirror. Each mirror optics consists of a plurality of planar or curved mirror segments, which are arranged convexly or concavely with respect to the sensor elements.

From the US 4,081,680 (Keller ), an infrared intruder detector is known in which a radiation receiver and a plurality of mirrors are housed in a cuboid housing. According to a first embodiment (only) the front of the housing is occupied by a flat IR window. On the rear wall of the housing, a segmented mirror is mounted with a total of concave, directed to the IR window reflector surface. The radiation is focused on a radiation receiver, which is fixed by a holding arm at a suitable distance in front of the mirror. Because with this embodiment, the lateral area can be detected only insufficient, is provided in a different embodiment, that the side walls are formed by a transparent window. The mirrors are not arranged in an overall concave, but in a quasi-convex geometry. The intruder detector can be mounted in the center of the room on the ceiling, covering azimuthally 360 ° and also the area directly under the sensor.

Finally is from the DE 198 05 622 A1 (Haller ) known for recessed mounting presence detector with a arranged behind a sensor faceted parabolic strip-shaped reflector. The presence detector has an oblong rectangular entry area ( Fig. 2 the DE 198 05 622 ) for IR radiation, which is directed by the reflector on the sensor element. In the horizontal direction, this presence detector detects an angle range of about 140 °, in the vertical direction only an angle range of 17 ° ( Fig. 4 the DE 198 05 622 ). In a further embodiment (FIG. 12 of the DE 198 05 622 ) there is an annular mirror which allows detection of IR radiation in an azimuthal angular range of 360 °. The window is then no longer oblong rectangular, but for example circular (corresponding to the diameter of the mirror ring) or square, so that the radiation so to speak from above from all sides. Although the detection range is very large in one direction (360 °), in the direction perpendicular to it, it is still narrow in a narrow strip (17 °). To increase the small opening angle, it is proposed ( Fig. 6 ), instead of just providing a strip-shaped reflector, two reflector areas to each other convex to double the angle (to 2 x 17 °).

The detectors, which are designed for surface mounting (eg US 4,081,680, cellar ; CH 693 395 Cerberus ; U.S. 4,058,726, Paschedag et al. ), although they can capture large solid angles, but are aesthetically striking, which is often undesirable.

In contrast, the known detectors, which are suitable because of the cuboid housing and a flat window on the front for recessed mounting ( US 4,058,726, Paschedag ; US 4,081,680, cellar ; DE 198 05 622, Haller ), a relatively limited field of vision and thus are often unable to meet the technical needs.

Presentation of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a presence of the technical field mentioned presence detector, which is suitable for a recessed installation and can capture as large a surveillance area.

The solution of the problem is defined by the features of claim 1. According to the invention, the device for detecting an IR radiation emanating from a living being comprises a can part with a rear wall, a side wall and a front side opposite the rear wall. At the front, an opening is formed, which defines a window area for the entry of IR radiation and is arranged in a window plane. Furthermore, the device comprises a sensor device which detects the IR radiation of a living being and which is arranged in the can part at the front side directly behind the window plane in an edge area of the window area. Furthermore, a mirror arrangement arranged behind the window plane is provided with at least a first and a second mirror facet. According to the invention, at least a second, from the first Sensor device independent, the IR radiation of a living entity detecting sensor device present, which in turn is also arranged in the can part at the front immediately behind the window plane in an edge region of the window area and spaced from the first sensor device. In this case, the first of the at least two mirror facets optically directs a first spatial segment of the monitoring region onto the first sensor device and the second of the at least two mirror facets optically directs a second spatial segment, which is different from the first spatial segment, onto the second sensor device.

The device according to the invention for detecting IR radiation of a living being is preferably used as a presence detector for detecting the presence of a living being in a monitoring area. In principle, however, the invention can also be used as an intrusion detector or motion detector. In the following, the invention will be described without restriction of generality for simplicity by means of an embodiment as a presence detector.

With back or rear wall are here and below referred to those pages of the presence detector, which are facing away from the space to be monitored in an assembly. The rear wall is therefore arranged on the wall side in a wall mounting. With front side of the rear wall opposite side of the presence detector is accordingly designated. Relative position information, such as "front" and "rear", are each related to the front and rear wall of the presence detector.

According to the invention, a presence detector comprises a can part, at least one first and a second sensor device, as well as a mirror arrangement with at least two mirror facets, which are in the following functional context.

The can part has a rear wall and a side wall, whereby an interior of the can part (for receiving optical and / or electronic components) is limited. The side wall is preferably formed substantially circumferentially. The can part can be integrally formed (eg made of metal or plastic). However, it can also be composed of several individual parts (eg made of different materials), wherein the socket part preferably occurs as an integral part for the user of the presence detector. On one of the rear wall opposite front of the can part an opening is formed which defines a window area provided for the entry of the IR radiation. The opening is arranged in an associated window plane. Through the can part penetrates no to be measured IR radiation. The socket part can thus be countersunk in a component (eg in the wall or ceiling of a building or in the housing of a luminaire or an electrical device, such as a television, etc.).

The opening defining the window region may for example be delimited circumferentially by the side wall, formed directly on any existing front wall of the can part or formed by an aperture provided on the can part. The shape of the opening or window area may be e.g. round or square, but may have another (e.g., polygonal or n-square) shape. In the plan view of the window area (i.e., in a viewing direction perpendicular to the window plane), the sensor devices are arranged not at the center of the window area but at the edge (i.e., closer to the side wall). "At the edge of the window area" is to be understood that the sensor devices (in a direction parallel to the window plane) are arranged closer to the edge than to the center. In particular, an area which does not extend over more than 1/3 of the minimum distance between the edge of the window area and the center or even only 1/5 of this distance can be considered as the edge area.

The window region, which is usually closed by a transparent covering element (window element) for IR radiation, is that region of the housing of the presence detector through which the IR radiation to be detected can penetrate. It is irrelevant whether a window element made of a permeable material for IR radiation is present or whether the window area is formed only by an opening in the housing of the presence detector. However, a window element arranged in the window region has the advantage that the components in the interior of the socket part are protected against dirt and damage. If a window element is present, this may be flat (flat) due to the construction according to the invention. But it is also quite conceivable that a window element is dome-shaped, wherein such an embodiment in a novel presence detector due to the complete arrangement of the sensor devices and mirror elements or Mirror facets inside the can part is not required. Thus, the appearance of the presence detector can simply be changed by the manufacturer by using a flat, dome-shaped, pyramid-shaped, multi-surface window element in an otherwise identical construction. It can also serve to achieve a certain aesthetic appearance. The window element is as such very inexpensive to produce.

The sensor devices are functional units that are suitable for detecting changes in the IR radiation in the monitoring area and output a signal (for controlling an electronic or electrical switch). The sensor devices are preferably designed so that the IR radiation of a living being (i.e., a change in the heat radiation field) can be detected (and output as a signal). In principle, any type of sensor for detecting IR radiation can be used in a sensor device. For a version of the presence detector as a passive IR presence detector pyroelectric sensors are preferred. A sensor device may be used for differential measurements, e.g. two sensors or a two-part sensor include, for example, to detect movements of an IR source can. A single pyroelectric sensor surface is not capable of doing so since changes can only be detected by comparing the signals of two radiation receivers (temporal / spatial differentiation).

The sensors of the sensor devices may be square, round or shaped as required. The sensors of a sensor device and the associated mirror facet can be matched in shape to one another such that optimal detection of the incident radiation deflected by the mirror facet is ensured when the sensor is detected. The mirror facets are preferably designed as concave collecting mirrors, which focus the radiation of the allocated space segment onto one of the sensor devices.

According to the invention, at least one second sensor device that is independent of the first sensor device and detects the IR radiation of a living being is present. This is likewise arranged in the can part (ie in the interior thereof) at the front side immediately behind the window plane in an edge region of the window region. The second sensor device is spaced from the first sensor device. The distance between the two or more sensor devices should be at least so large that with a first mirror facet the radiation can be aligned only on a first of the two sensor devices and with a second mirror facet only on a second sensor device. For example, a distance between the sensor devices may be at least half the diameter (or half of the largest side length) of the window area. For a square window area, the sensor devices can be placed in the corners so that the distance is on the order of the length of the side of the square.

The first of the at least two mirror facets of the mirror arrangement optically aligns a first space segment of the surveillance area with the first sensor device and the second of the at least two mirror facets optically aligns a second space segment, which is different from the first space segment, with the second sensor device. Preferably, each mirror facet directs the incident IR radiation to only one of the existing sensor devices (i.e., each mirror facet is associated with only one sensor device). By at least two sensor devices are present, which are assigned by the respective associated mirror facet different to be monitored space segments, the monitoring area can be detected largely arbitrary. The respective other sensor device, with a suitable arrangement and orientation of the associated mirror facet, can detect the areas "blind" to the first sensor device. By suitable alignment of the mirror facets, the space segments monitored by the sensor devices can be placed complementary to one another in the monitoring area and thus permit optimum detection of incident IR radiation.

The mirror facets can be designed as rectangular, round or largely arbitrarily shaped elementary mirrors. Preferably, the mirror facets have a focusing effect (due to a concave shape), so that the radiant energy per unit area of the sensor is increased or maximized. In one embodiment with a plurality of mirror facets assigned to a sensor device, an arrangement of elementary mirrors with a round basic shape has proved to be suitable, which partially are arranged overlapping, so that the resulting mirror surface has a scale or shingle-like structure.

The sensor devices are located in the can part (i.e., inside thereof) at the front side immediately behind (namely, close to) the window plane, in an edge area of the window area. In order to redirect the incident radiation to the respective sensor device, depending on the desired space segment to be monitored, the mirror facets are arranged behind the associated sensor device or with respect to the rear wall of the socket part at most at the same height as the sensor device. This results in the advantage that no components required for the detection of the IR radiation need to be arranged further forward than the sensor devices. In particular, it is achieved that these components are completely within the can part, i. can be arranged behind an opening plane defined by the opening forming the window area.

In addition, by having the sensor devices in an edge area of the window area, e.g. are arranged at the side wall, there is no or only the least possible shading of the window area. In particular, there is no shadowing by the sensor devices for the IR radiation which passes from remote space segments to the presence detector and therefore passes through the window region at a shallow angle (i.e.,> 45 ° with respect to the normal to the window plane). Thus, the effective monitoring range of the presence detector can be extended by increased sensitivity for flat incident radiation.

Also steeply incident radiation, ie radiation, which essentially falls from a room area directly in front of the presence detector (ie <45 ° with respect to the vertical to the window plane), is also not or only in the edge region and thus only due to the arrangement of the sensor devices in the edge region of the window opening shadowed to a low mass. In the case of steeply incident IR radiation, any possible shadowing is less disadvantageous than would be the case with flat incident IR radiation. Sharply incident radiation typically results from an area closer to the occupancy detector and therefore also has a higher relative intensity. A possible one Shadowing is therefore less relevant to detection sensitivity of the steeply incident radiation than is the case for flat incident radiation.

Ideally, all electronic and optical components (i.e., sensor devices, mirrors) and all structural components (fixtures of these components) are located entirely within the can body and do not protrude beyond the window plane defined by the aperture forming the window region. In the sense of optimum utilization of the interior of the can part, it can be advantageous if at least one sensor device and at least one mirror facet adjoin the window plane (or a cover element inserted there) directly (i.e., virtually without spacing). Preferably, the distance is not greater than 1/10 of the height of the interior (i.e., the maximum interior dimension in the direction perpendicular to the window plane).

According to the invention, the presence detector is suitable for recessed installation (flush-mounted). The can part is designed for this purpose in such a way that it can be accommodated in a depression or recess in, for example, a wall or ceiling, without the functionality being impaired. This is possible because no components project beyond the window plane and that the edge of the window area is the foremost part of the housing. The socket part can thus be arranged largely completely submerged in the wall or the ceiling and a transparent cover (window member) may be formed flat, so that the front of the presence detector can be arranged substantially in a plane defined by the surrounding wall or ceiling level or does not exceed this. For this purpose, it is necessary that the presence detector does not require radiation incident through the side wall for detection, but only needs to enter radiation through the window area at the front into the presence detector.

For flush mounting anchoring means may be formed on the outside of the socket part to anchor the socket part in a wall material or in an assembly box can. But it can also be provided a protective housing, in which fits the socket part. Furthermore, the can part on the front side may, for example, have a flange protruding outwards from the edge of the window area, which flange is placed in or on the surface of the plaster or the wall of the component and has an aesthetic appearance smooth transition of the final plaster to the window area allowed. The person skilled in the art will immediately be aware of further possible measures which are advantageous for a flush-mounted assembly of the can part.

The presence detector according to the invention does not necessarily have to be installed in such a way that the socket part is completely sunk. The can part may also protrude partially over the surface of the component in or to which it is attached. In the specialized trade are e.g. modular systems are known in which in a mounting housing either a manual light switch, a temperature sensor, a dimmer, a presence detector, etc. can be used. Such modular systems use e.g. a uniform cover frame, which is arranged above the plaster. In such a system, the presence detector according to the invention will be recessed with respect to the front of this cover frame, but not with respect to the plaster. In practice, however, there is usually talk of flush-mounting in these cases as well.

According to the invention, the presence detector only needs to be transparent in the window area for the IR radiation to be detected. In particular, it is not necessary to make the side wall or other areas of the housing or the can part IR-transmissive. The entire effective monitoring range of the presence detector results from the directions of incidence of the incident through the window area at the front IR radiation, which is directed or reflected by the mirror facets on the respectively associated sensor device. Only through the only required window area on the front is a flush mounting of the presence detector is possible at all, since the housing in no other areas, such as. the side wall, IR-transmissive must be formed.

Overall, therefore, in the presence detector according to the invention, it is possible to potentially use the entire radiation from a half space in front of the presence detector through the window area for detection. Thus, despite the fact that the sidewall is not used for the radiation entrance, that is, that the sensor devices are not azimuthally surrounded by a window, a surveillance area expanded in comparison to known constructions can be covered. A coverage of a solid angle Ω = 2π sr is with two sensor devices possible, even more so with a preferred number of four sensor devices. However, the invention is not limited to the said solid angle. Depending on the field of application of the presence detector, even smaller solid angles may be useful. In contrast to the above-mentioned prior art, according to DE 198 05 622 (Haller ), the invention is not limited to a strip-shaped monitoring area.

In a presence detector of the type according to the invention, a plurality of mirror facets is preferably provided for each sensor device. Each sensor device can thus be assigned a plurality of space segments to be monitored. The mirror facets are preferably individually aligned such that the incident from a desired space segment IR radiation is imaged on the associated sensor device. The orientation may be chosen such that e.g. perspective distortions and divergences of the space segments are compensated (see also below).

The individual mirror facets of the plurality of mirror facets of a sensor device can be arranged on a common carrier, or the mirror facets can be fastened individually to the housing of the presence detector. The mirror facets are preferably arranged in such a way that the IR radiation reflected via the mirror facets and directed onto the associated sensor device is applied at all mirror facets at an acute angle, i. under small angles of incidence, is reflected. That in contrast to known presence detectors with mirror systems which have a large, i. Azimuthal 360 ° comprehensive monitoring area, no grazing incidence on the mirror facets must be done. Thus, on the one hand, a particularly good detection sensitivity is achieved for substantially all monitored space segments. On the other hand, this makes it possible for a window area on the front side to be sufficient for monitoring substantially the entire half-space in front of the presence detector and no window areas on the peripheral side wall are required.

The totality of the space segments that are assigned to the same sensor device preferably defines a subarea of the surveillance area. The respective subarea does not need to be comprehended comprehensively or space-filling. It suffices that the space segments cover the subarea in a sufficiently dense grid capture, so that a detection of living beings with reasonable certainty is guaranteed.

A number of the monitored space segments of a sensor device in a subarea are determined by the number of associated mirror facets. In order to achieve a sufficiently dense coverage of the subarea, it is therefore advantageous to provide the largest possible number of mirror facets to each sensor device. However, it should be noted that the individual mirror facets have to have a certain minimum area in order to be able to direct a sufficient amount of radiation required for a detection from the associated space segment onto the sensor device. In this case, a sensitivity of the selected sensors of the sensor devices is taken into account.

Preferably, at least two subregions overlap in an overlap region. Thus, in the overlapping area, a supplement or a redundancy can be created which improves the sensitivity of the presence detector or an overlap of the overlapping area with monitored space segments. For example, due to the radiation divergence with increasing distance from the presence detector, the absolute detected area of a spatial segment defined by a mirror facet increases. Especially with larger distances, the sensitivity in this space segment decreases. In addition, due to the divergence, the absolute area of the coverage-free areas between adjacent space segments becomes larger. In the surveillance area, there are systemically conditioned areas with better detection sensitivity or coverage and areas with reduced sensitivity or coverage. In this case, it is also possible, for example, for spatial segments of a sensor device to be placed specifically in areas which can not be detected by spatial segments of a further sensor device or which would be difficult to detect for design-related reasons. In the overlapping area, it is also possible to selectively leave areas in one of the subregions free, ie not to be covered by space segments in order to allow them to be detected by the space segments of another sensor device. Space segments of one of the sensor devices can also be targeted in the overlapping area Space segments of another sensor device are aligned in order to achieve in this area, for example, improved sensitivity.

In a preferred embodiment, the entire surveillance area is covered by overlapping areas. It is thus achieved that the subregions monitored by the plurality of sensor devices can be optimally covered in addition to space segments.

To improve the coverage, therefore, locally alternating structures are advantageously formed in the overlap area, ie. H. Areas in which space segments of one sensor device alternate with space segments of another sensor device. Thus, in the overlapping area, the subregions of the individual sensor devices complement each other and thus permit a denser grid of monitored space segments as a whole, and thus better coverage in the overlapping area.

In order to improve the sensitivity of the presence detector, superimpositions of space segments of one sensor device with space segments of the other sensor device may exist in the overlap area. This ensures that the incident IR radiation from both sensor devices is detected in the region of the overlay. As already mentioned above, thus, for example, a decreasing with increasing distance to the presence detector sensitivity of the detector can be partially compensated.

It is understood that both alternating structures and overlays of the space segments in the overlapping area can be provided in combination or individually. In summary, it should be noted that, by selectively placing the monitored space segments of at least two sensor devices, sensitivity and coverage of selected areas of the entire surveillance area can be selectively controlled and / or improved by the overlapping area of the monitored areas of at least two sensor devices.

The window area of a presence detector according to the invention is preferably square and the presence detector has four sensor devices which are completely enclosed are arranged in the can part and at the corners of the square window area. Each sensor device is associated with at least one or a plurality of mirror facets, which define one or a plurality of space segments which at least partially cover a partial area associated with the respective sensor device. By having four sensor devices, each sensor device only needs to monitor an azimuthal angular range of 90 °, in order to ensure complete 360 ° monitoring of the entire presence detector, given a suitable arrangement of the sensor devices and the respectively associated mirror facets. A single sensor device allows with a suitable arrangement of the mirror facets with sufficient reliability and a monitoring of an azimuthal angle range of more than 90 °, in particular of up to 180 °. Four sensor devices therefore offer the advantage that, for example, the above-mentioned overlapping regions of the individual partial regions can be selected more generously than would be the case, for example, with just two sensor devices. In particular, four sensor devices, each of which detects a partial area with an azimuthal angular range of 180 °, in the abovementioned arrangement allow the entire surveillance area to be detected by the partial areas of two sensor devices each. In other words, the entire surveillance area is covered by the above-mentioned overlapping areas. Thus, the presence detector is due to the four sensor devices on the one hand better adaptable to the respective requirements. On the other hand, for example, systemically conditioned areas with reduced detection sensitivity, such as, for example, more distant space segments, can be better compensated by additionally aligning the respective monitored space segments accordingly.

Embodiments with three or more than four sensor devices are also conceivable as variants, it also being possible for round window regions to be provided regardless of the number of sensor devices. In the case of round window areas, the sensor devices are preferably distributed at equal pitch angles along the circumference of the window area.

In order to achieve the best possible focus of the incident IR radiation on the associated sensor devices, the majority of the mirror facets, which one of the Sensor devices are assigned, arranged in a, with respect to the respective associated sensor device, concave mirror surface. In this case, the mirror surface need not be continuous and designates a geometric surface, after which the mirror facets are arranged. However, the mirror surface may also be formed as a continuous mirror element, wherein the mirror facets are formed for example by individual, mutually inclined portions of the mirror element. Due to the concave arrangement, adjacent mirror facets enclose an angle on the side facing the sensor device which is smaller than 180 °. The concave arrangement of the mirror facets, for example, facets, which are arranged closer to the rear wall, deflect steeply incident radiation to the sensor devices and mirror facets in a front region flat incident radiation. In principle, it is also conceivable that individual mirror facets do not follow the concave mirror surface, ie enclose an angle greater than 180 ° with an adjacent mirror facet in order to place the associated spatial segment separately.

The concave mirror surface preferably comprises a polar angle range of about 90 °. This ensures, together with an azimuthal angle range of substantially 90 °, that the mirror facets can potentially capture at least one quadrant of the half space in front of the presence detector through the window area.

Preferably, the concave mirror surfaces are approximately spherical. A spherical arrangement offers the advantage that it has good bundling properties and is relatively easy to implement. The respectively associated sensor device is arranged in this case in an area at the center of the spherical mirror surface. In this case, however, the center is offset in relation to the sensor device to the front and to the inside, in order to enable a focusing of the incident IR radiation on the sensor device. However, parabolic or other geometries are also conceivable.

In order to cover as large a monitoring area as possible, it is to be ensured that IR radiation incident in a particularly shallow manner, ie IR radiation incident almost parallel to the window plane, is directed onto the sensor devices. Such flat incident radiation does not penetrate far due to the shallow angle of incidence at the back of the housing of the presence detector. In order to nevertheless redirect such radiation to the sensor device, mirror facets are preferably arranged in the front of the housing, close to the window opening. In particular, the mirror surface of a sensor device extends in a central region of the housing up to the window plane. The window plane may correspond to a defined by the opening of the socket part geometric opening plane. In this area, mirror facets are preferably arranged at the window plane almost perpendicular to the plane of the fens, in order to direct the flat incident radiation to the sensor devices, which are also arranged close to the window plane, ie, at the front of the window area.

In this case, it is also advantageous if the mirror surfaces of adjacent sensor devices in an area between the adjacent sensor devices with respect to the plane of the window area, i. the window level, are set back. This has the advantage that the mirror surface of a sensor device does not shadow the mirror surface of an adjacent sensor device or only to a small degree for incident IR radiation.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of a presence detector according to the invention, the geometric surfaces which define the mirror surfaces of adjacent sensor devices penetrate one another. That the mirror surfaces are arranged such that, in the region of the penetration of the geometric surfaces, a butt edge of adjacent mirror surfaces results, against which the mirror surfaces abut one another or merge into one another. This allows a reduction in the space required for the mirror. As the mirror surfaces still extend at least partially to the window plane, enough mirror facets can still be placed in an area that can detect flat incident radiation.

In the case of spherical mirror surfaces, the centers of the imaginary spheres for this purpose have a distance which is less than a diameter of the sphere. The spheres in this case have a cutting circle. The butt edge then corresponds largely to a section on the cutting circle, on which the adjacent mirror surfaces abut each other or merge into one another. The butt edge is preferred in this case arranged in a median plane between the adjacent sensor devices. In this case, the mirror surfaces are set back from the window area as described above in an area between the sensor devices.

In one variant, the centers of the imaginary spheres may, for example, also have a distance which corresponds to the diameter of the spheres. The mirror surfaces then touch each other on the outside, on the sides facing away from the associated sensor devices. In this case, there are no bump edges between the mirror surfaces and the mirror surfaces are not set back from the window area. In a further variant, the mirror surfaces may also be parabolic, in which case the associated imaginary geometric surfaces are paraboloids. Advantageously, these interpenetrate as described above with reference to the example of spherical mirror surfaces, resulting in a parabolic edge between the mirror surfaces in a median plane between the adjacent sensor devices. The same applies to other suitable geometries of the mirror surfaces.

The can part or a female part receiving the protective housing are preferably formed by physical features (outside anchoring aids, flange as a stop when sinking, etc.) for flush mounting. Thus, the presence detector can be installed retractable up to the window level in a building part.

The invention also extends to a component with a presence detector of the type described, wherein the window plane of the presence detector substantially corresponds to a surface plane of the component. This corresponds to the particularly preferred flat installation of the presence detector. The component may be a building part (wall, ceiling) or any other device in which the presence detector is integrated (e.g., lamp, television, gate, etc.).

From the following detailed description and the totality of the claims, further advantageous embodiments and feature combinations of the invention result.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1

einen Einsatz für einen erfindungsgemässen Präsenzmelder;

Fig. 2

den Einsatz der Fig.1, welcher in einem Dosenteil des Präsenzmelders angeordnet ist;

Fig. 3

den Präsenzmelder in weitgehend vollständig zusammengebauten Zustand

Fig.4

Strahlengang im Präsenzmelder in einer Schnittansicht des Präsenzmelders;

Fig. 5

Spiegelfacetten einer Spiegelfläche eines erfindungsgemässen Präsenzmelders;

Fig. 6

einen Teilbereich eines Überwachungsbereich einer Sensorvorrichtung eines Präsenzmelders auf einer Bodenfläche;

Fig. 7

eine Überlagerung zweier Teilbereiche zweier benachbarter Sensorvorrichtungen;

Fig.8

eine Überlagerung der Teilbereiche von vier Sensorvorrichtungen im Überwachungsbereich.

The drawings used to explain the embodiment show schematically:

Fig. 1

an insert for a presence detector according to the invention;

Fig. 2

the use of Fig.1 , which is arranged in a can part of the presence detector;

Fig. 3

the presence detector in a largely completely assembled state

Figure 4

Beam path in the presence detector in a sectional view of the presence detector;

Fig. 5

Mirror facets of a mirror surface of a presence detector according to the invention;

Fig. 6

a partial area of a monitoring area of a sensor device of a presence detector on a floor surface;

Fig. 7

a superposition of two subregions of two adjacent sensor devices;

Figure 8

a superimposition of the subareas of four sensor devices in the surveillance area.

Basically, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.

Ways to carry out the invention

Fig. 1 shows an insert 10 for a novel presence detector 1 according to Fig. 3 , The insert 10 comprises a square base plate 11 with four edges 20.1-20.4 and four corners 11.1-11.4 as a support for components of the presence detector 1. For mounting the Presence detector 1, the insert 10 in a can part 30 (in Fig. 1 not shown, see Fig. 2 ) of the presence detector 1 is used.

On the base plate 11 four largely identical sensor / mirror units 10.1-10.4 are arranged, each occupy a quadrant of the surface of the base plate 11. A sensor / mirror unit 10.1-10.4 each comprises a sensor device 13.1-13.4 and in each case one of the sensor device 13.1-13.4 associated mirror surface 17.1-17.4. The areal Quadrant occupied by one of the systems 10.1-10.4 corresponds to an edge-parallel division of the base plate 11 into four equal parts. In the following, only one of the sensor / mirror units 10.1 is described by way of example, wherein the further units 10.2-10.4 are designed accordingly.

At the corner 11.1 of the base plate 11 is an arranged perpendicular to the base plate 11, elongated mounting base 12.1 for a sensor device 13.1 with inwardly directed sensor surface 16.1 (see Fig. 2 ) available. Inwardly directed here designates an orientation substantially towards a center of the base plate 11. In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting base 12.1 is integrally formed on the base plate 11. The mounting base 12.1 has at a side facing away from the base plate 11 longitudinal end 14.1 a fork-shaped bracket 15.1, in which the sensor device is mounted tilted 13.1 about a tilt axis B at a defined angle .. The tilt axis B is parallel to the base plate 11 and parallel to a Diagonal C.1 of the base plate 11 by the corner 11.1 adjacent corners 11.2 and 11.4 arranged. The sensor device 13.1 is thus, regardless of a tilt angle about the axis B, aligned in a centered by a perpendicular bisector A of the base plate 11 and a diagonal C.2 diagonal plane D to the perpendicular bisector A.

Between sensor device 13.1 and the perpendicular bisector A, the mirror surface 17.1 is arranged, which has a plurality of mirror facets 18.1-18.n. The mirror surface 17.1 has a spherical geometry, according to which the facets 18.1-18.n are arranged. A center (not shown) of the spherical mirror surface 17.1 is arranged in the region of the sensor device 13.1. In this case, the center in the plane D relative to the sensor device 13.1 is offset inwards toward the mid-perpendicular A and away from the base plate 11 towards the front.

A radius of the spherical mirror surface 17.1 largely corresponds to the length of the mounting base 12.1 from the base plate 11 to the longitudinal end 14.1, i. In the plane D, the mirror surface 17.1 extends over an angular range of about 90 degrees, wherein the mirror surface 17.1 largely tangential to the base plate 11 abuts. On the base plate 11, the mirror surface 17.1 extends to the edges 20.1 and 20.4 zoom. In the area of the diagonal C.2, the mirror surface 17.1 on the base plate 11 extends up to the mounting base 12.1.

In a region in the mid-perpendicular A, the mirror surface 17.1 extends to a substantially square, parallel to the base plate 11 and diagonally to the edges 20.1-20.4 aligned end surface 23. The end surface 23 has a distance from the base plate 11, which substantially the Length of the mounting base 12.1 corresponds. In this case, the mirror surface 17. 1 transitions into the terminating surface 23 at an impact edge 19. 1, wherein the impact edge 19. 1 forms an edge of the terminating surface 23. The mirror facets 18.1-18.n of the mirror surface 17.1 present at the impact edge 19.1 are arranged largely perpendicular to the end surface 23.

The mirror surface 17.1 extends up to the planes E.1 and E.2, which comprise the perpendicular bisector A and in each case parallel to the edges 20.2 and 20.4 (plane E.1) or 20.1 and 20.3 (plane E.2) of the base plate 11 are aligned. A ratio of the edge length of the base plate 11 to the radius of the mirror surface 17.1 is dimensioned such that the mirror surface 17.1 is cut by the planes E.1 and E.2. In the planes E.1 and E.2, therefore, there are largely end edges 21.1 and 22.1 of the mirror surface 17.1 arranged on the corresponding imaginary cutting circles F.1 and F.2. The sensor / mirror system 10.1 and the associated quadrant of the base plate 11 is thus limited in the direction of adjacent units 10.2 and 10.4 by the plane E.1 and E.2, while a height in the direction of the axis A at the rear through the base plate 11th and on a front side by the position of the end surface 23 and the height of the mounting base 12.1 (plus a possible supernatant of the sensor device 13.1) is determined.

The further units 10.2-10.3 largely correspond to the unit 10.1 and are rotated by 90, 180, 270 ° in a counterclockwise direction around the perpendicular bisector A. arranged on the base plate 11, so that the respective mounting base 12.1-12.4 are arranged in the associated corner 11.1-11.4. Adjacent mirror surfaces 17.1 and 17.2 or 17.3 and 17.4 extend to the plane E.2 and abut against each other at the corresponding end edges 22.1 and 21.2 or 22.3 and 21.4 - likewise the adjacent mirror surfaces 17.1 and 17.4 or 17.2 and 17.3 extend to the plane E. 1 and abut with end edges 21.1 and 22.4 or 22.2 and 21.3 together. In the area of the central axis A, the mirror surfaces 17.1-17.4 pass over at bevelled edges 19.1-19.4 into the end surface 23, wherein the butt edges 19.1-19.4 form edges of the end surface 23.

Fig. 2 shows the use 10 of Fig.1 , which is installed in a socket part 30 of the presence detector 1. The can part 30 in this case has a rear wall 30.2 (not shown, see Fig. 4 ) and a side wall 31, which is composed of four largely flat and rectangular side surfaces 31.1-31.4. The side surfaces 31.1-31.4 have on the outside mounting means 32 in the form of projections 32. Provided for electrical connections areas 33 are preferably provided on the rear wall 30.2, but may in principle also be formed on the side wall 31. Likewise, on the rear wall 30.2 outside corresponding mounting means 32 may be provided.

On one of the rear wall 30.2 opposite front 34, the can part 30 has an opening 35. The opening 35 corresponds largely to the cross section in a plane parallel to the rear wall 30.2 of the entire can part 30. In particular, the opening 35 is dimensioned such that the insert 10 can be easily introduced through the opening 35 into an interior 30.1 of the can part 30. The base plate 11 of the insert 10 is arranged on the rear wall 30.2 and parallel to this. A height of the can part 30 from the rear wall 30.2 to an edge 35.1 of the opening 35 on the front side 34 is dimensioned such that the insert 10 is arranged completely in the inner space 30.1 of the can part 30. In particular, the interior 30.1 of the socket part 30 has to have at least a height for this purpose, which corresponds to the height of the mounting base 12.1-12.4 with sensor devices 13.1-13.4 attached thereto. Advantageously, the height of the interior 30.1 of the can part 30 is such chosen that the longitudinal ends of the mounting base 12.1-12.4 and the end surface 23 are arranged just within a plane G, in which the edge 35.1 of the opening 35 is arranged (opening plane).

The insert 10 may be in the interior 30.1 e.g. be secured by a locking of the base plate 11 with the side surfaces 31.1-31.4. However, it is also conceivable that for fastening the insert 10 in the socket part 30, for example, the base plate 11 is screwed to the rear wall 30.2. The insert 10 is arranged in the can part 30 such that the perpendicular bisector A coincides with a longitudinal axis H of the can part 30. The sensor devices 13.1-13.4 are arranged close to the side wall 31 at the opening 35.

Another option is to insert the insert 10 from the rear side into the socket part 30, in which case the rear wall 30.2 is mounted after mounting the insert 10 in the socket part 30 and the socket part 30 has corresponding stops for the insert 10, which ensure in that the above-mentioned basic conditions with regard to the position of the insert 10 to the opening 35 ensure.

In the region of the edge 35.1 of the opening 35, the can part 30 has, on the outside, a laterally projecting, outer peripheral flange 36. When installing the presence detector 1 in flush mounting in a wall recess, the flange 36 is preferably arranged flush-mounted and is used, inter alia, the anchoring of the socket part 30 from the front. But it is also conceivable that the can part 30 is attached to the rear wall 30.2 in the wall recess, for example by a screw. The flange 36 also serves as a holder or as a support for a diaphragm 37 (in Fig. 2 not shown, see Fig. 3 ), with which in the final assembly of the presence detector 1 edges of the wall recess and any installation marks can be covered. The aperture 37 can also serve as a holder for a window element, not shown, which closes the opening 35.

Fig. 3 shows the presence detector 1 in a largely final assembled state. The front side 34 of the can part 30 is provided with the aperture 37, which completely surrounds the opening 35 and projects outward in the manner of a flange. The aperture 37 is at the edge 35.1 attached to the opening 35 and has an opening 37.1 which corresponds to the opening 35 substantially.

Opening 35 and opening 37.1 thus together form an inlet opening 38 (window area) for the IR radiation to be detected. Depending on the embodiment of the presence detector 1, the opening 37.1 of the aperture 37 with a window (not shown, see Fig. 4 ), which is permeable to IR radiation and protects the components in the interior 30.1 of the can part 30 from damage and contamination.

The sensor devices 13.1-13.4 are positioned by the mounting base 12.1-12.4 at the front 34 of the can 30 at the window portion 38. In the area of the central axis A, the end face 23 is arranged at substantially the same height as the longitudinal ends 14.1-14.4 of the mounting sockets 12.1-12.4 and the sensor devices 13.1-13.4 attached thereto on the front side 34 of the socket part 30. End surface 23 and mounting base 12.1-12.4 with sensor devices 13.1-13.4 lie just behind the opening plane G, the end face 23 is aligned parallel to the plane G. The aperture 37 and the possibly existing window is arranged in the assembled state in the plane G.

Fig. 4 schematically shows a sectional view through a presence detector corresponding to the presence detector 1 101. The sectional plane of the representation of Fig. 4 corresponds to the plane D through opposite corners 11.1 and 11.3 of the insert 10 of Fig. 1 ,

In the view of Fig. 4 has been dispensed with the representation of elements that are not in the cutting plane D or these do not cut. Reference numerals of corresponding parts of Fig. 1-3 bear the same reference numerals preceded by a 1 (eg, can part 30 -> can part 130). As in the case of Fig. 1 only one sensor / mirror unit 110.1 is described in detail.

Fig. 4 shows a can part 130 of the presence detector 101. The can part 130 has a rear wall 130.2, from which a side wall 131 extends forward. On one of the rear wall 130.2 opposite front side 134, the can part 130th an opening 135 forming a window area 138. On one edge 135.1 of the opening 135 on the outside of the socket part 130, a flange protrudes. Into the opening 135, a window 139 permeable to infrared radiation is inserted, which closes the window area 138 or the opening 135.

Within the can part 130 there is an insert 110 with sensor / mirror units 110.1 and 110.3. A base plate 111 of the insert 110 is arranged parallel to a rear wall 130.2 of the can part 130. A sensor device 113.1 is arranged at the side wall 131 and close to the window area 138 or the opening 135 and the window 139. Between the sensor device 113.1 and the center perpendicular A there is a mirror surface 117.1, which is aligned spherically and concave with respect to the sensor device 113.1. A center X of the spherical mirror surface 117.1 lies in an area in the sensor device 113.1 and is offset from the sensor device 113.1 to the window area 138 to the front and in the plane D inwards to the perpendicular bisector A. The mirror surface 117.1 comprises a multiplicity of mirror facets 118.1-118.n, each of which reflects radiation 150.1-150.2 incident on one sensor surface 116.1 of the sensor device 113.1 from a partial region 151 assigned to the sensor device 113.1.

In Fig. 4 For example, an exemplary ray path of flat incident IR radiation 150.1 is drawn from a space segment 152.1. Flat incident radiation 150.1 here denotes radiation which enters the interior of the presence detector 101 largely transversely to the perpendicular bisector A or H through the window region 138. The IR radiation 150.1 is reflected by mirror facets 118.2 onto the sensor device 113.1, which are arranged close to the window region 138, ie close to the inlet opening 135. The mirror facets 118.2 are arranged largely perpendicular to the opening plane G of the window area 138.

Another exemplary beam path shows IR radiation 150.2, which originates from a space segment 152.2 directly in front of the presence detector 101 and largely parallel to the perpendicular bisector A or H incident. The IR radiation 150.2 is reflected by mirror facets 118.3 onto the sensor device 113.1, which are arranged close to the base plate 111. The mirror facets 118.3 are largely arranged parallel to the base plate 111 and have only a slight inclination to this. Like from the Fig. 4 it can be seen, radiation from both directions 150.1-150.2 is reflected toward the sensor device 113.1, in each case at an acute angle α ₁ -α ₂ . The angles α ₁ -α ₂ in this case denote an angle which is enclosed by the sensor side incident and reflected beam. Due to the concave geometry of the mirror surface 117.1, the incident rays cross each other. The same can also apply to IR radiation which enters the window area from other areas of the subarea 151 and is detected by the unit 110.1.

In this case, only beam paths 150.1-150.2 are shown, which run in the plane D. It is understood that the mirror surface 117.1 deflects radiation from a wide azimuthal angular range to the sensor device 113.1. For the sake of clarity, a representation of further beam paths outside the plane D has been dispensed with.

Fig. 5 schematically shows an example of the mirror surfaces 17.1-17.4 corresponding arrangement of a plurality 218 of mirror facets of a mirror surface 217.1 of an inventive presence detector 201. The representation of Fig. 5 this is understood as a scheme for assigning the plurality 218 of mirror facets and does not reflect a specific embodiment of the mirror surface 217.1.

Below are the in the Fig. 1-3 Parts described corresponding parts provided with the same reference numerals, which, however, was preceded by a 2.

The plurality 218 of mirror facets are arranged in rows R.1-R.11 arranged side by side as follows (space segments see below): Series of mirror facets Mirror facets (from back to front) Series of space segments space segments R.1 R.1.1-R.1.4 S.1 S.1.1-S.1.4 R.2 R.2.1-R.2.5 S.2 S.2.1-S.2.5 R.3 R.3.1-R.3.6 S.3 S.3.1-S.3.6 R.4 R.4.1-R.4.8 S.4 S.4.1-S.4.8 R.5 R.5.1-R.5.9 S.5 S.5.1-S.5.9 R.6 R.6.1-R.6.9 p.6 S.6.1-S.6.9 R.7 R.7.1-R.7.9 p.7 S.7.1-S.7.9 R.8 R.8.1-R.8.8 p.8 S.8.1-S.8.8 R.9 R.9.1-R.9.6 p.9 S.9.1-S.9.6 R.10 R.10.1-R.10.5 p.10 S.10.1-S.10.5 R.1 1 R.11.1-R.11.4 S.1 P.1 1.1-S.11.4

It should be noted that, for clarity, only those reference numerals are noted in the figures, which is explicitly referred to in the description.

The individual mirror facets R.1.1-R.11.4 are circular. For better clarity, the mirror facets R.1.1-R.11.4 are shown without overlap. In a concrete implementation of the mirror surface 217, however, the facets R.1.1-R.11.4 can be arranged overlapping so that a scale-like or shingle-like structure of the mirror surface 117.1 results.

In the presence detector 201, the rows R.1-R.11 are arranged from back to front in such a way that centers of the mirror facets R.1.1-R.11.4 of one of the rows R.1-R.11 are largely in or close to one associated level T.1-T.11 are arranged, which are substantially perpendicular to the base plate 11 ( Fig. 1 ) stand. "Rear" and "front" as before refers to an arrangement of the mirror facets R.1.1-R.11.4 in the presence detector 201: "Rear" of the mirror facets R.1.1-R.11.4 are arranged closer to a rear wall of the presence detector 201 during "Front" of the mirror facets R.1.1-R.11.4 closer to a window area on a front side 234 are arranged.

A middle row R.6 is arranged in the diagonal plane D. The individual mirror facets R.1.1-R.11.4 are individually aligned in this case in order to ensure optimum coverage of a subarea 251 to be monitored, as in the following Fig. 6 shown.

Fig. 6 schematically shows the position of the mirror surface 217.1 and associated sensor device 213.1 (not shown) detected plurality 260 of space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 on a bottom surface 254 before the inventive presence detector 201 in a ceiling mounting. The mid-perpendicular A and the housing axis H are aligned perpendicular to the bottom surface 254 and define a center Z of the bottom surface 254. Shown are the cut surfaces of the bottom surface 254 with the space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 in the monitored by the sensor device 213.1 portion 251 of the largely square monitoring area 253 with four corners 256.1-256.4. Each of the mirror facets 218 corresponds to one of the space segments S.1.1-S.1 1.4.

As in the description too Fig. 1 recorded, the quadrants occupied by each one of the sensor / mirror unit 210.1-210.4 of the presence detector 201 are separated in a housing of the presence detector 201 by levels E.1 and E.2 against each other. A continuation of the planes E.1 and E.2 on the bottom surface 254 subdivides the monitoring region 253 into four quadrants 255.1-255.4 respectively assigned to a sensor / mirror unit 210.1-210.4. The quadrants 255.1-255.4 each comprise a corner 256.1-256.4 of the monitoring area 253. The respective sensor / mirror unit 210.1-210.4 associated with the quadrant 2551.-255.4 is above, ie in a projection along the perpendicular bisector A or H on the Floor surface 254 within, the corresponding monitored quadrant 255.1-255.4 arranged. In other words, each quadrant is assigned a sensor / mirror unit 210.1-210.4 or a sensor device 213.1-213.4.

The sub-area 251 monitored by the sensor device 213.1 completely surrounds the corresponding quadrant 255.1 and extends into the adjacent quadrants 255.2 and 255.4. In particular, the portion 251 has a substantially isosceles and right triangular shape. A base of the subregion 251 lies on a diagonal K.1 of the surveillance region 253, which passes through the corners 256.2 and 256.4, which are adjacent to the corner 256.1 arranged in the quadrant 255.1.

The rows R.1 of R.11 of mirror facets R.1.1-R.11.4 of the mirror surface 217.1 correspond to the rows S.1-S.11 of space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 in the sub-area 253. The assignment of the reference numerals of Space segments to mirror facets can be taken from the table above. The rows S.1-S.11 extend starting from the diagonal K.1 and widen in a fan-like manner with increasing distance from the diagonal K.1, the space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 starting from the diagonal K.1 are provided with increasing reference numerals. That is, the space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 within one of the rows S.1-S.11, rows R.1-R.11 are arranged corresponding to the associated mirror facets R.1.1-R.11.4. In other embodiments, not shown, however, the space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 within the rows S.1-S.11 need not be arranged linearly. Due to the individual orientation of the mirror facets R.1.1-R.11.4, space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 of a series S.1-S.11 can also follow a largely arbitrary curve and / or not in the sequence of the mirror facets R.1.1- R.11.4 to be ordered. In other embodiments, also not shown, it is also conceivable that the space segments are not arranged in rows at all and are placed arbitrarily individually in the sub-area 251.

A series S.6 of space segments S.6.1-S.6.9, which corresponds to the mirror facets R.6.1-R.6.9 the middle row R.6 of the mirror surface 217.1, are arranged on a diagonal K.2 of the monitoring area 253, which also forms a diagonal K.2 of the quadrant 255.1 and passes through the corners 256.1 and 256.3. The diagonal K.2 lies in the previously defined plane D.

Starting from the center point Z, the sequence of the space segments S.6.1-S.6.9 of the series S.6 corresponds to the mirror facets R.6.1-R.6.9 of the series R.6 in a sequence from the back to the front. That On the mirror surface 217.1 in the presence detector 201 rearmost arranged mirror facets R.6.1 is associated with a space segment S.6.1, which is arranged at the center Z (i.e., also at the diagonal K.1). A foremost mirror facet R.6.9 is correspondingly assigned a space segment S.6.9 farthest from the center Z. As the distance from the center Z increases, the space segments S.6.1-S.6.9 increase, whereby at the same time a distance between successive space segments S.6.1-S.6.9 increases.

The rows S.5 and S.7 adjacent to the middle row S.6 extend into the subregion 251 starting from a region which is offset along the diagonal K.1 away from the center point Z. The rows S.5 and S .7 bend with increasing distance from the diagonal K.1 largely continuously from the adjacent row S.6, and thus from the diagonal K.2, away. As with row S.6, space segments S.5.1 and S.7.1 arranged closest to diagonal K.1 correspond to mirror facets R.5.1 and R.7.1 of row R.5 and R.7, respectively, which are furthest are arranged in the rear of the presence detector 201. Likewise, space segments S.5.8 and S.7.8 of the rows S.5 and S7, respectively, arranged furthest away from the diagonal K.1, correspond to mirror facets R.5.8 and R.7.8 of the row R.5 or R.7, respectively. which are located furthest forward in the presence detector 201.

The series S.3-S.4 and S.8-S.9 extend largely analogously to the rows S.5 and S.7, each starting from an area which is on the diagonal K.1 farther from the center Z is arranged as the output areas of the rows S.5 and S.7. The outermost spatial segments of the rows S.3-3.9 are arranged on the outer border of the partial area 251, which coincides in the quadrant 255.1 with the outer border of the monitoring area 253. The main quadrant 255.1 assigned to the sensor device 213.1 is therefore largely completely covered by the space segments S.3.1-S.9.6 of the rows S.3-S.9 within the framework of the selected grid.

The space segments S.1.1-S.2.5 and S.10.1-S assigned to the mirror facets R.1.1-R.2.5 and R.10.1-R.11.4 of the series R.1-R.2 and R.10-R.11 .11.4 of the rows S.1-S.2 and S.10-S.11 in turn extend from areas which are arranged along the diagonal K.1 further away from the center Z in the sub-area 251. With increasing distance from the diagonal However, the rows S.1-S.2 and S.1-10-S.1 1 no longer bend continuously away from the adjacent rows, but after an initial increase in the distance approach each other again. In particular, the outermost rows S.1 and S.11 have an arrangement, as explained below using the example of row S.1. The series S.1 has two space segments S.1.1 and S.1.2, which are both arranged at the diagonal K.1 at different distances from the center Z. The further space segments S.1.3 and S.1.4 are arranged in an area between the space segments S.1.1 and S.1.2 and the space segments S.2.1-S.2.5 of the adjacent row S.2. The space segments of the rows S.1-S.2 and S.10-S.11 are arranged completely within the secondary quadrants 255.2 and 255.4.

The outermost space segments S.5.9, S.6.9 and S.7.9 of the series S.5-S.7 as well as extreme space segments S.4.8 and S.8.8 of the series S.4 and S.8 point to the respective ones adjacent space segments S.5.8, S.6.8, S.7.8 and S.5.7 and S.8.7 of the respective series on a large compared to other adjacent space segments distance. Between the extreme space segments S.4.8, S.5.9, S.6.9, S.7.9 and S.8.8 and the next inner space segments S.5.8, S.6.8, S.7.8 and S. 5.7 as well as S.8.7 arises in the quadrant 255.1 a largely coverage-free L-shaped region 270, in which none of the space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 is arranged. The arms of the L-shaped region 270 are arranged parallel to the planes E.1 and E.2.

In the adjacent quadrant 255.4, the extreme space segments S.1.2-S.1.4 and S.2.5 (row S.1) and S.2.5 (row S.2) with respect to the plane E.2 are from the outer boundary of the sub-area 253 to the plane E.2 set back. Thus, no space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 are present in the quadrant 255.4 in a largely rectangular area 271 arranged parallel to the plane E.2 at the edge of the subarea 251, and the outermost space segments S.1.2-S.1.4 and S.2.5 are arranged at the same distance from the plane E.2 as the parallel to the plane E.2 arm of the area 270 in the quadrant 255.1.

In the further adjacent quadrant 255.2, the outermost space segments of the rows S.9-S11 are also set back from an outer border of the sub-area 251 or from the surveillance area 253 to the plane E.1. Thus, even in the quadrant 255.2, a largely rectangular region 272 on the outer edge of the subregion 251 is free from overlapping, i. no space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 are arranged in the area 272. The region 272 is arranged parallel to the plane E.1 and has substantially the same distance of E.1 as the corresponding to the plane E.1 parallel arm of the region 270th

The advantage of the selected coverage of the subarea 251 by space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 is shown in the superposition with a portion 351 of a further, adjacent sensor device 213.2 (not shown), which is associated with the quadrant 255.2. Such an overlay is in Fig. 7 shown.

Subarea 351 and its coverage with space segments 360 correspond identically to the arrangement described above for sensor device 213.1 (in FIG Figure 7 shown in dashed lines). In contrast to the partial area 251, however, the partial area 351 is rotated by 90 ° in the clockwise direction about the axis A or H, analogously to the arrangement of the associated sensor / mirror unit 210.2 in the housing of the presence detector 201. This results in a triangular overlapping area 273 of the two partial areas 251 and 351 (in Fig. 7 framed in bold), which is arranged in half in the quadrants 255.1 and 255.2.

Like from the Fig. 7 It can be seen that the areas of the subarea 251 covered by space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 complement each other with the areas of the subarea 351 covered by space segments 360. In particular, in the overlap area 273, one arm of the released L-shaped area 270 in the quadrant 255.1 and the Area 272 in the quadrant 255.2 covered by each arranged in the same quadrant outer space segments 360 of the adjacent sensor / mirror unit 210.2. Along the outer border of the monitoring area 253 there thus results an alternating structure of space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 and 360, wherein in each quadrant 255.1 and 255.2 the space segments are assigned to the sensor devices 213.1 and 213.2 belonging to the quadrants 255.1 and 255.2. In the overlapping area 273, the next inner of the space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 and 360 are respectively assigned to the adjacent sensor device 213.2, with whose sub-area 351 there is an overlap. Again further inward space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 and 360 are largely regularly alternately associated with the adjacent sensor devices 213.1 and 213.2.

In the overlapping region 273, there are thus locally alternating structures in which monitored space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 and 360 of adjacent sensor devices 213.1 and 213.2 alternate, so that the areas covered by adjacent sensor devices 213.1 and 213.2 complement each other and in the overlap region 273 a largely blanket Surveillance is guaranteed. In addition, it can be seen that also different space segments S.1.1-S.11.4 overlap with space segments 360, which results in an improved sensitivity in these areas.

The above-described overlap of the subregions 251 and 351 of the sensor / mirror units 210.1 and 210.2 is applicable to any pairing of adjacent sensor / mirror units, such as e.g. also transferable to 210.2 / 210.3 and 210.3 / 210.4. In the arrangement according to the invention of four such units, the entire monitoring area 253 is thus covered by overlapping areas 273, 373, 473 and 573 (bold framed). In the overlapping areas, the subregions or the space segments of all four sensor / mirror units 210.1-210.4, i. e.g. Non-occluded areas of the one sensor device are detected by space segments of the adjacent sensor device, and vice versa, or space segments of adjacent sensor devices grasp the same area for improved sensitivity. The entire surveillance area is thus optimally covered by space segments.

Overall, the monitoring area 253 in four sensor devices can be subdivided into three zones, which line up in a ring shape from the outside inwards. Fig. 8 shows the monitoring area 253 at a complete coverage with space segments of four sensor devices in associated subregions with the following three zones:

An outermost zone 280, which is detected in the respective quadrant substantially only of space segments or partially covered, which are associated with the sensor device corresponding to the respective quadrant.

A central zone 290, which is detected in the respective quadrant substantially only of space segments or partially covered, which are associated with the sensor devices that are assigned to the adjacent quadrant.

An inner zone 300, which is detected or partially covered in the respective quadrant of space segments of the corresponding sensor device and the adjacent sensor devices, wherein the space segments of the respective quadrant corresponding sensor device largely regularly (almost checkerboard) alternate with space segments of the adjacent sensor devices, wherein optionally partially overlap the space segments of adjacent sensor devices.

It is understood that the properties and configurations described above with reference to a square geometry can also be applied to round or other geometries of a presence detector according to the invention. A monitoring area in this case also corresponds to the selected geometry of the presence detector, wherein instead of quadrants the sensor devices are assigned to circle quadrants.

Claims (14)

Device for detecting an IR radiation emanating from a living being, in particular presence detector (1) for detecting the presence of a living being in a surveillance area a) a can part (30) having a rear wall (30.2), a side wall (31) and a rear wall (30.2) opposite front side (34), b) an opening formed on the front side (34) which defines a window area (38) for the entry of IR radiation and is arranged in a window plane (G), c) a sensor device (13.1) determining the IR radiation of a living being, which is arranged in the can part (30) on the front side (34) immediately behind the window plane (G) in an edge region of the window region (38), d) a mirror arrangement (17.1) arranged behind the window plane (G) with at least one first and one second mirror facet (18.1-18.n),
characterized in that e) at least one second, from the first sensor device (13.1) independent, the IR radiation of a living organism detecting sensor device (13.2-13.4) is present, which in turn also in the can part (30) on the front (34) immediately behind the window plane (G) in an edge region of the window portion (38) and spaced from the first sensor device (13.1) is arranged, and that f) the first of the at least two mirror facets (18.1-18.n) optically aligns a first space segment (152.1, 152.2) of the monitoring area with the first sensor device (13.1) and the second of the at least two mirror facets (18.1-18.n) a second Space segment, which from the first Space segment (152.1, 152.2) is different, optically aligned to the second sensor device (13.2-13.4). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of mirror facets (18.1-18.n) are provided for each sensor device (13.1-13.4). Device according to claim 2, characterized in that an entirety of the space segments (S.1.1-S.11.4) associated with the same sensor device (213.1) each define a subarea (251, 351) of the surveillance area (253) and that at least two partial areas (251, 351) overlap one another in an overlapping area (273). Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the entire monitoring area (253) of overlapping areas (273, 373, 473, 573) is covered. Device according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that in the overlapping region (273) locally alternating structures are formed, ie areas in which space segments (R.1.1-R.1 1.4) of a sensor device (213.1) with space segments of other sensor device (213.2, 213.4) alternate. Device according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that in the overlapping region (273) overlays of space segments (R.1.1-R.11.4) of a sensor device (213.1) with space segments of the other sensor device (213.2-213.4) exist. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the window area (38) is square and the presence detector (1) has four Sensor devices (13.1-13.4), which are completely in the can part (30) at the corners of the square window portion (38) are arranged. Device according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the plurality of mirror facets (R.1.1-R.11.4), which are assigned to one of the sensor devices (213.1), in each case one, with respect to the respective associated sensor device (213.1), concave mirror surface (217.1) are arranged. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the mirror surface (217.1) is approximately spherical. Apparatus according to claim 8 to 9, characterized in that the geometric surfaces which define the mirror surfaces (17.1, 17.2) of adjacent sensor devices (13.1, 13.2), penetrate each other. Device according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the mirror surface (17.1, 17.2) extend in a central region of the housing up to the window plane (G) zoom. Device according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the mirror surfaces (17.1, 17.2) of adjacent sensor devices (13.1, 13.2) in a region between the adjacent sensor devices (13.1, 13.2) are set back relative to the window plane (G). Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the can part (30) or a female part receiving the protective housing is designed for flush mounting, so that the device can be installed to the window level (G) retractable in a building part. Component with a device according to one of claims 1 to 12 and according to claim 13, characterized in that the window plane (G) of the device substantially corresponds to a surface plane of the component.

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