US1352620A - Dovetailing-machine - Google Patents

Description

0. ONSRUD. DOVETAILING MACHINE. APPLICATION man MMLYZ. 1920.

Patented Sept. 14, 1920 .IHM s SHEETS-SHEET 1. llnmf FQl' www l IIIIIIIW 3 iN line?! `f@ Wm mmummnmmwm Jmmr 0. ONSRUD.

DOVETAIUNG MACHINE. APPLICATIDN FILED MAR. 22, 1920.

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DOVETAHJNG MACHINE. APPLlcATmN FILED MAR.22,1920.

1,352,620. Patented Sept. 14, 1920.

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DOVETAILING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 22. I920.

1 ,3 52, 620. Patented Sept. 14, 1920.

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DOVETAILING MACHINE. APPucmoN FILED ma. 221V |920.

1,352, 620, Patented Sept. 14, 1920.

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OSCAR DNSRUD, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNQB T0 THE MARBLE ANI) B HATTUCK CHAIR COMPANY, 0F CLEVELAND, 0R10,

A COBPOB4T-ION 0F OHIO.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 14, 1920.

To all whom it 'may concern:

Be it known that I, OSOAR ONSRUD, acitia resident o1 Chicago, county of: Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain-new and useful improvements in Dovetailing- Machines, ol which the following is a speciication.

This invention relates to wood working machines, and especially to that type of such machines of semi-automatic character which is adapted for milling operations. The main objects of the invention are to provide such a machine adapted for a special form of dovetailiug; to Yprovide for makin the necessary cuts for a double dovetailed member such as shown in the drawings; to provide for automatic ad vanccment and tilting of the stock to be Worked upon between cuts so as to hold the block in proper position for the respective cuts; to provide an improved form of chuck and controlling mechanism therefor; and to provide improved means for sharpening the gang cutters without removal from the machine.

An illustrative embodiment of this invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of the upper part of the machine.

Fig. 2 is a rilght side elevation of the device shown in 4ig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an Aenlarged longitudinal section through the dog mechanism shown at the left-hand side of Fig. 2.

Fig. et is a left side elevation of part of the device shown in Fig. 1, the automatic chuck tilting dog being shown in one of its ositions.

` ig. 5 is a vertical cross section through the block after it vhas been cut and the hold ing means or chuck therefor in the position for one of the cuts.

Fig. 6 is a similar view, l but with the holder and block tilted to its reversed position for the other cut. A

F-ig. 7 is similar to Fig. 4 except that the automatic dog is shown in a medial position as `the lblock holder or chuck is tilted from one position tothe other.

Fig. 8 is similar to Fig. 4 except that the dolr is in its reversed position.

1 ig. 9 is a longitudinal vertical section @through the chuck and its immediate sup- .port or mounting. zen of the United States of America, and

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a wooden blank or block to be cut. 4 Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the linlshed block after cutting.

Fig. 12 is a cross Section at the line 12-12 onFlg. 9.

Fig.` '1.3 is a cross section at the line 13-13 on F1g.,9. g In the construction shown in the drawings, the machine as a whole comprises the main elements of an ordinary milling machine ein combination with certain new and improved attachments hereinafter described, adapting it for the special` ob'ects stated. Said machine includes mainly a frame 1 of upright character asusual in milling machines, in combination with a, vertically adjustable bed plate 2, a horizontall-ymovable carriage 3 on said plate;a set of gang cutters 4. on the u per part of said frame; a chuck 5 on sai carriage to hold the block -6 to be cut, a grinder 7 at the top of said frame for sharpening said cutters, an automatic dog 8 for tilting the chuck between cuts, a manually operated ejector 9 at the opposite end of the chuck from said dog to throw out the lblocks after being cut,manual means 10 for raising an lowering the knee 11 supporting the bed plate, as usual in milling machines, manual means 12 to operate the carriage forward and back; and a pulley 13 for sup lying power to the cutters as from a bella, not shown.

Thechuck 5, though carried by the member 3, is not mounted directly thereon, but is supported on a frame 14 which in turn is secured to the carriage 3 demountably by means of the bolts 15. It is Ato this carriage and the mechanism connected thereto that this invention mainly relates.

The 4chuck 5 is of elongated tubular shape and is journaled in said frame 14 in a horizontal position parallel with the gang cutter axis'and crosswise of the direction of movement of said carriage. The front end of said chuck is supported in an upstandin bracket 16 on the chuck holdin frame an the vopposite end is supported Ey-the main bodyfpart 14 4of said frameybeing held de mountablyby.. he cap. pieces 17 and 18 securedby screws as usual for such purposes.

. vided with a disk sha The part of the chuck between the trame i set ottransverse slots 19in one side corre" sponding in size and spacing with the individual cutter disks 20 of the gang member 4. The opposite end ofthe chuck is proed head 21 having a pair of oppositely isposed horizontally projecting parallel pins 22 and 22 to alternately engage the ends of the forked dog member S, and also an ntermediately disposed pin 22 to engage the inner faces of the dog branches 23 1n the intermediate positions of the dog, as will be further explained.

`The gang cutter 4 comprises a plurality of disks, four in this instance, mounted side by side in spaced relation on the arbor 24 which is rigid with the driving shaft 25 to which the pulley 13 is fixed, whereby they are driven constantly at a high speed, as byv a motor not shown.

The grinder 7 is carried adjustably by the lock-pivot 26 on an arm 27 which is mounted swingingly on the upper part of the frame l, as on a screw-lock pivot 28 and comprises a motor 29 which in this instance is pneumatic, and a downwardly projecting shaft 30 carrying a grinding tool proper 31. The pivot 28 is carried by a supporting carriage 32 slidable parallelly with shaft 25.

Hence the grinding tool 31 is capable of ad justable setting in any position in the plane of any disk, and thc grinder attachment as a whole is slidable on track 33 to engage any one of the cutter disks.

Said grinder is applicable to either the inner or outer side of each tooth 4. The disks, 20, areall set with their teeth in horizontal alineinent so that, in grinding, it is only necessary to set the angular position oi the grinder and then move it Jforward and back by means oi' the carriage handle 32. Compressed air is supplied to the motor 2l), through the flexible tube 29. After the teeth are ground the disks are moved relatively to one another so as to bring the teeth in staggered mutual relation for cutting.

The work holder o1' chuck 5 is held rigidly against rotation during the cutting process by means of the lock in the form of a plun ger 34, fitting alternately in the sockets 35 and 36 in the enlarged head 21 at the left end of the chuck. Said lock is mounted slidably in the vertical aperture 3S, in the under si do ol1 the frame 14, where it is urged normally upward into engagement with the head 21, by lever 39, actuated by spring 40. Said lever 39 is mounted on the horizontal pivot 41, at the lower end of bracket 42, on said frame 14. Said lever 39 is disposed horizontally in the direction of movement of the cn rriage 3, and is actuated automatically by the stop 43, mounted on bracket 44, which is secured at its base to the frame 1, by bolts 45. Said stop 432 is so positioned near the front of the machine that it does not actuate the lever 39, until the carriage has nearly reached its starting point. The spring arm oi' said lever 39 is formed with a central bearing 46, which rides slidably in the aperture 47, in the lower end of said lock 34. The opposite or stop arm of said lever extends forwardly, that is to say, to the left, as viewed in Fig. 2, and its lower corner is beveled at 48, to register' normally with the upper beveled corner 49, of the stop 43,

over which it rides as the cam carriage is` restored to its normal position and thereby releases said cam for tilting by said dog. Said stop 43 thus serves to tilt the lever 39, and retract the lock 34, against the sprin 40, when the carriage returns to its initia position after each out.

The stop member 43, is in the form of an upright arm carried by the pivot bolt 50, at its lower end and is held normally in upright position by means of spring 51, a stop shoulder 52 being provided on the bracket 44, to arrest said stop as it swings to its ver` 'tical position. The level' 39 is recessed back oi' the bevel corner 48, as at 53, so that when the carriage and chuck supported thereon are retracted to their normal position, the lever 39, will be free to act under the inuence of spring 40 to force the lock 34 into its effective locking relation with said chuck. Then when the carriage advances for the next out, the lever shoulder 54, is released by stop 43, which swings against the tension of spring 51. The chuck, therefore, as it is moved bodily on said carriage, remains locked against rotation until it reaches that point in the return of the carriage Where the beveled lever tace 4S, meets the beveled stop i ace 49, whereupon the lock is released sulficiently to permit oscillation of the chuck by the dog 8.

The chuck 5, thoughV having a snbstantially cylindrical character as a whole, is somewhat irregular, being provided with an enlargement or protuberance 55 on its lower side at the work receiving end to accommodate the clamping wedge 56, and the guide means 57, therefor. Said chuck on the opposite side of its medial bearing part 58, is provided with a spiral cam projection 59, somewhat resembling a screw thread which tits in the corresponding cam slot of 60, of the adjacent bearing part 14. The opposite end of said chuck from the work-holding end is hollow as at 61, and is provided with an axially disposed ejector plunger 62, having a handle 63. Said ejector is provided with a head 64, at its inner end to bear againstthe work in the chuck and to limit the outward movement of the ejector under the action of compression spring 65. One end of said spring is seated against the inner end 66, of

chamber 6l, and the outer end bears againstV the shoulder 67, on said ejector.

In order to facilitate ready manual control of the wedge 56, a handle 68, is provided therefor, including a shaft 69, exf tending through an aperture 70 in the front wall 71 of the chuck below the main'opening 72, through which the stock is admitted and ejected. In order to seat the wedge tightly against the material to be cut, the

handle 68 is first thrust in manually andV may then be tapped lightly with a mallet. When the work is to be removed, the wedge is loosened by pulling outward on the han- In operating the dove-tailin machine above described, the first step, a er having adj usted the height of the knee 11, and secured the gane' cutter 4, in place, is to insert va block 6 in the chuck 5, the carriagebeing namely, to the left,

in its retracted position, as shown in Fig. 2. Then, the cutter being in oieration, speeded preferably at about 4000 P. M., the handle 12, is turned to ad` Vance the carriage 8, and mechanism carried thereby, so as to engage the cutters with said block.

The handle 12, is then turnedbackward, whereby the 'carriage is restored toits initial position and at the same time the chuck is engaged by the dog 8, controlled by lever 39, whereby it is rotated in this instance 90, and at the same time the chuck is thereby advanced a distance equal to the thickness of the dove-tail tenons by means of the spiral cam 59, ready for the second cut. The handle 12 is again operated to advance and retract the carriage. In so doing, the dog 8, reverses the tilt of the chuck, that is to say, restores it, and thereby causes the cam to slide the chuck with its finished block back to its initial position. The dovctailed block is then ejected by an inward thrustV of the hand against the handle 63, the clamping means 56,.l1aving first been released.

Rcierring moreV in detail to the precise operation o the chuck tilting` means 8, it is to be noted that normally, that is to say, when the machine is in its initial position ready to receive work to be operated upon, the dog 8, is in the position shown in the right and left side views,- Figs. 2 and 4,

respectively.

In this position the shank part 73, is inclined upward and the two arms 23 and 23 are correspondingly inclined downward, the inclination being limited by the fixed step pin 74, on the rigidly mounted bracket 75, which is held adjustably by bolt 76 to the main frame l, of the machine. Said pin its in the arcuate slot 77, in the shank 73, so as to permit limited tilting of the dog on its pivot 78. Said dog is yieldingly urged to the limits of its range of oscillation by the spring actuated means 79, supported on pivot" 80, which is carried by the same bracket as pin 74, but nearer the outer end thereof, as shown in Fig. 4.

The member v79, comprises a flat frame 81, the outer end 82, of which is turned inward at a right angle, and provided with a plunger 83. The end of said plunger projects through a hole S2 in the end 82, which serves as a centerinfr means or bearing for the plunger. Said ptlunger is provided with a head 84 between which and the guide member 82, is mounted a compression spring 85, which urves the plunger toward the dog 8. The headed end of the plunger is, if ivoted at 83', to the free end of the dog s ank 73, in substantially toggle relation thereto, so as to provide a snap-over action when the dog is oscillated bycoaction with the chuck shoulders 22, 22 and 22". Said frame is provided with a slot 81 in which slides the extended end of pivot 83', whereby saidframe 81, and plunger 83, are heldin parallel relation.

In the initial forward movement of the carriage, referrinor now to Figs. 4 and 7, the lower side et: the upper dog arm 23, slidingly engages the medial pin22 on the chuck head 21, whereby the forked end of the dog is raised suiiiciently to throw the shank 73, downward beyond its neutral position et' alineineut with pivot 80, whereupon it will automatically snap over to the position shown in Fig. 8, where the movement of the dog is arrested by thestop pin 74, bearing against the upper end of the slot 77. this movement, the plunger 83, is forced outward against the tension of spring 85 and is then restored by the spring as the dog takes its new position, shown in Fig. 8.4

Upon the return of the carriao'e after the first cut, the lock 34, is released by means 39 `and 43, and then the lower pin 22 on the chuck head 2l, is varrested -by the squarely opposing end of dog arm 23', whereby the chuck is tilted, as will be understood by reference to Fig. 8, where, as will be seen, further movement of the carriage to the right, as in restoring to its initiala position, will cause the arm 23', acting against pin 22', to effect the desired tilting of the chuck preparatory for the next forward movement.

Simultaneously with the latter part of the said return movement of the carriage the lever 39, (see Fig. 8), serves to release the lock 34:, preparatory for the chuck oscillation. As the chuck oscillates in this instance, 900, referring Vstill to Flg. 8, it will be seen that pin 22 will be swung down back of the lower arm 23. Then upon the next movement forward of the carriage, the pin 22 will slidingly engage the upper or inner side of arm 23 and tilt the dog shank it will snap back to the position shown in Fig. L4. 4'lhc chuck is held against rotation during the dog tiltino operation by means of the lock 3s', which is then in its ef'lectivc position.

When the carriage is restored to its initial position after its second movement forward, the upper pin 2Q, will bear against the end of chuck arm 2B, the lock 34, having been released, and the chuck will be restored to its initial position, shown in Fig. 4, ready for ejection of the linished Work and reception oi' a new blank or block to be cut.

The machine herein specifically described is especially adapted lor milling the dove tail recesses in such blocks as are described in the Foote Patent No. LBOELGLLG, dated May lli, leus.

lthfmgh but one specific cmbmliment oil this invention is herein shown aud described, it is to be understood that numerous details oi the construction shown may be altered or omitted, without departing from the spirit oi the invention, as defined by the following claims:

l claim:

l. ln a machine of the character described, automatic chuck tilting means comprising a forked dog pivoted centrally, a resilient compression member pivotally connected to the tree end of the shank of said dog and with its op positc end mounted turn l ably at a point opposite the end of said shank and spaced therefrom, the arms oi? said dog being formed and adapted to successively engage suitably formed shoulders on the chuck when the latter is moved ll'or- Ward and backward relative to said dog.

2. A wood working machine comprising a frame in combination with an oscillatincly mounted chuck, a cutter in operative re ation to Work held in said chuck, and automatic means respectively for oscillating the chuck and simultaneously advancing same transversely of the path of main relative movement of the cutter and chuck.

3. ln a milling machine adapted lor a. plurality of automatically controlled successive operations and having a horizontally reciprocating carriage and a tool arbor disposed transversely over the path of said carriage, a frame fixed on said carriage and a cutter fixed on said arbor, said frame having a horizontally disposed elongated hollow chuck movable lengthwise and rotatabl' and extending crossu'ise of the direction o carriage movement to hold the work to be acted upon by said cutter, and automatic means to move said chuck including a cam to reciprocate the chuck lengthwise and a pivotally mounted and spring-actuated forked dog on the. main frame of the machine with a plurality of shoulders arranged on said chuck to operatively coact in due succession with the arms of said dog as said carriage moves relative to said dog, so as to move the chuck from its one position to another for successive cuts on the Work held by said chuck.

Ll. lu a dovetailing machine adapted for a plurality of automatically controlled successive operations, having a horizontally reciprocating carriage and a power gang tool disposed over the path of said carriage, and a frame fixed on said carriage, said frame having a horizontally disposed elongated hollow chuck extending crosswise of the direction oi carriage movement, and automatic means to oscillatc said chuck including spring-actuated dog on the main frame of the machine and a plurality of shoulders arranged on said chuck to operatively coact in due succession with said dog as said car riagc moves relative to said dog so to turn the chuck from its one position to another for successive keril cuts on the work held by said chuck.

Signed at Chi lago this 18 day of March, 1920.

OSCAR ONSRUD.

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