US1384821A - Disinteabatob - Google Patents

Description

J. K. BLUM.

DISINTEGRATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 10, 1920.

1,384,821 Patented July 19, 1921 gwuentoe I atkwml UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH K. BLUE, 0] GREENB'UHG-H, NEW YQRK.

Patented July 19, 1921.

Application filed May 10, 1920. Serial No. 380,352.

msm'mem'ron.

1,384,821, Specification 0! Letters Patent.

To all concern:

Be it that I, JOSEPH K. BLUM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Greenburgh, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Disintegrators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to disintegrating mills of the type generally employed for pulverizing various materials such for example as coal, limestone, lime, clay, brick, shale, etc., and has particular reference to an improved form of construction for facilitating the separation and removal of a prodnot of the desired fineness from the machine.

A primary object of the invention is to provide a simple and practical structural arrangement whereby the disintegrating means may effectively reduce the material into the desired pulverulent state while at the same time automatically separating the particles of the desired fineness from the relatively coarser particles which are permitted to fall back into the zone of action of the disintegrating means to be further reduced. In this connection itis proposed to carry out the separation with the assistance of an air current which is passed or coursed through the disintegrating material while in suspension.

A further and more specific object of the invention is to provide a disintegrating machine wherein the separation of the relatively fine material from the coarser material is carried out by an air current induced by the disintegrating means and which is compelled to follow a path intersecting the direction of gravitation of the heavier particles.

With the above and other objects in view which will more readily appear as the nature of the invention is better understood the same consists in the novel construction, combination'a'nd' arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, illustrated and claimed.

A preferred and practical embodiment of the inventionis shown in theaccompanying drawin in which I The gure is a vertical sectional view of a disintegrating machine embodying the present improvements.

One of the primary considerations involved in the present machine is simplicity of arran ement and operation for producing a thoroughly and practical reliable means for accomplishing the separation of relatiyely fine particles of the material beng disintegrated from the coarser or heavier particles without the use of screens or s1m1 ar instrumentalities which require frequent replacements to maintain the efiicient functioning of the apparatus. Accordingly, as will be observed from the drawings it is proposed to provide an apparatus including a suitable casing C having a feeding hopper F opening into a disintegrating chamber 1 having mounted thereina dis integrating member in the fomtof'a hammer cylinder 2 of the rotary type, as for example of the general structural design and arrangement shown in my former Patent No. 1185619 dated June 6, 1916.

The said disinte rating member 2 is mounted in the disintegrating chamber 1 whereby the material to be reduced is operated upon in the conventional manner as the rotary disintegrating member travels in the direction of the arrow. The said casing C is constructed to provide therein a disintegratin chamber 1 and a separating chamher 4. This se'paratin chamber is an important feature of the invention and is preferably in the form of a passage-way directly communicating through a throat 5 with the upper part of the disintegrating chamber 1 at one side of a vertical plane intersegtipfi" the axis of rotation of the hammenifan above a horizontal plane also intersecting the axis of the hammer. Also, in the preferable application of the invention the said separating chamber lies in an oblique plane and is in communication with the main dischar e pipe X through a discharge opening 5*. it is by reason of this general location and disposition of the Separating chamber 4 that the throat 5 thereof is so arranged with reference to the path of the hammer travel as to receive the pulverulent material discharged from the hammers b centrifugal force, and also to admit into the separating chamber the air currents impelled by the hammers. X

For the purpose of controlli and directing the path er tangential disc arge of the pn verulent material and air from the hammer cylinder 2 the edge 6 of said passageway 4 is formed b a relatively abrupt shoulder of the brea or plate 7 which has the effect of removing the air carried by the individual hammers of the cylinder 2 and directing the same under restraint into the discharge chamber 4. It will be observed that one wall of the breaker plate 7 forms one of the inclosing sides of the passage way or chamber 4 and being disposed in the path of the material discharged from the hammer cylinder, and also in the path of the air currents, constitutes an abutment surface acting as a deflecting abutment for the air to direct the same outwardly into the discharge pipe, and as an arresting abutment against which the materials are thrown. This permits the heavier and coarser particles to fall by gravity into the field of action of the hammers and not in any way interfering with the fine material being caught by the air and carried therewith outward through the discharge. To assure these functions the breaker plate necessarily occupies a position between the feed and outlet openings of the machine and is preferably disposed at one side of the tangential plane aZ) and the abutment wall 7 thereof preferably has a general slanting disposi tion.

\Vith the arrangement described the rotation of the hammer cylinder or disintegrating member 2 will set up or induce an air current within thechamber 1, in accordance with the well known principle of the centrifugal blowers. And, this air with the material pulverized by the disintegrating member is thrown by centrifugal force tangentially from the periphery of the path of hammer travel in substantially the direction of the plane ab. The materials thus projected across and through the throat of the chamber 4 are diffused into a stream of relatively fine and coarse particles through which the air currents must pass in seeking their escape, and thus facilitate an effective separation, within the chamber 4, between the finer and coarser particles of material.

The passage-way 4 therefore becomes in effect a separating chamber, one end of which receives the fine and coarse material which is maintained in suspension by the force of the tangential discharge from the disintegrator member, and the induced air current is compelled to follow or pass through the passage-way 0r chamber thereby carrying with it such particles of the material as have been reduced to the desired fineness and which become buoyed up by the air which acts as a vehicle to remove it from the machine while the relatively coarser or heavier particles gravitate back into the Z0116} of action of the distint'egrating member 2. It will therefore be apparent that the present machine provides for recovering or separating from the mass of pulverulent material, such quantities of material of the desired fineness as are able to be borne upon the air which acts as a vehicle for its removal as it passes through the discharge passage. In other words the machine provides means for discharging material of the desired fineness through the agency of air currents forcing the pulverulent material in a direction other than it would naturally flow under the action of the disintegrating member and gravity.

Inasmuch as the fineness of separation is necessarily dependent upon the strength of the air currents it will be apparent that under some conditions it will be necessary and desirable to provide supplemental means for regulating the strength of the air current, and this may be accomplished by the use of an auxiliary fan or blower suitably connected up with the machine.

From the foregoing, it will be observed that an important and practical feature of the invention resides in the enlarged separating chamber 4: whose intake throat 5 lies in close proximity to the disintegrating means and the crown of which chamber pret erably includes the member 7 disposed obliquely and arranged between the said chamber and the feed opening of the easing, also projecting to a point in substantial proximity to the path of the rotary disintegrator. This construction revents air and material from being carrie to the feedingin side of the casing and compels the pulverized material to be cast upwardly into the enlarged separating chamber under the impulse of the disintegrator. The material thus impelled into the separating chamber, places the fines in suspension so that the same can be completely drawn out by the large volume of air which is caused to move through the separating chamber and the discharge outlet under slow velocity. The air currents of large volume and slow velocity may be induced by the hammers or otherwise, and the separating chamber is preferably constructed with a wall so disposed that it intercepts the material projected from the disintegrating device so as to facili- 1 tate the return of the heavier and coarser particles to the disintegrator for further treatment.

It will be understood that the essential. features of the invention described herein may be embodied in modified forms of coilstruction such as fall within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

I claim 1. A pulverizer consisting of a casing with a disintegrating rotor therein and having an inlet opening and a discharge opening with an outlet conduit, said casing having within its upper part a partition separating the inlet from the outlet and forming a separating chamber of enlarged extent or width as compared to the outlet conduit.

2. A ulverizer consisting of a casing with a disintegrating rotor therein and having an inlet opening and a discharge opening with an outlet conduit, said casing having within its upper part a partition separating the inlet from the outlet and forming a separating chamber of nlarged extent or width as compared to the outlet conduit, said partition forming an upper wall for said separating chamber and being of curved form.

3. A pulverizer consisting of a casing with a disintegrating rotor therein and having an inlet opening and a discharge open ing with an outlet conduit, said casing having within its upper part a partition separating the inlet from the outlet and forming a separating chamber of enlarged extent or width as compared to the outlet conduit, said partition forming an upper wall for said separating chamber located directly over the discharging portion of the rotor.

4. In a screenless-type pulverizer of the class described, the disintegrating chamber with a rotor therein and having a feed opening, a discharge conduit for the fines, and an enlarged air separating-chamber arranged to constitute the inlet to said discharge conduit.

5. In a screenless-type pulverizer of the class described, the disintegrating chamber with a rotor therein and having a feed opening, a discharge conduit for the fines, and an enlarged air separatingchamber constituting the inlet to said discharge conduit, the said separating chamber having a wall in the path of movement of the material projected from the said rotor.

6. In a screenless-type pulverizer of the class described, the disintegrating chamber with a rotor therein and having a feed opening, a discharge outlet for the fines, and an enlarged air separating-chamber constituting the inlet to said discharge outlet, said separating chamber having a curved deflecting wall so disposed that it intercepts the material projected from the said rotor.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH K. BLUM.

Witnesses EMonY L. GEOFF, A. J. (100mm.

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