US1409703A - Pressure-fluid tool - Google Patents

Description

e. H. GILMAN..

PRESSURE FLUID TOOL.

APPLICATION flLED Nov.13, 19m.

I E Witwgsses:

Patented Mar. 14, .1922.

- 'eorge H tys.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE H. GILMAN, 0F CLAREMONT, NEW HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNOR T0 SULLIVAN MACHINERY COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

PRESSURE-FLUID TOOL.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented iwal', 14, 1922.

Application filed November 13, 1914. Serial No. 871,908.

To 'all whom t may concern:

Be it known that ll, (nonen H. GILMAN, citizen of the United States, and a resident of Claremont, Sullivan County, New Hampshire, have invented an Improvement in Pressure-llluid rlools, of which the following description, in .connection witlrthe accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representinglike parts. A

This invention relates to tool actuating apparatus, and is more especially concerned with a pressure fluid apparatus having special application to rock drilling and mining purposes.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved drilling apparatus, and more particularly to provide an improved handportable percussive rock drill of a type adapted for universal use, i. e., as a hand tool,` with a shell and cradle mounting, with suitable pneumatic or other feeding means lfor stopping, etc.; iu other words to provide au improved drill adapted for use in any of the well known methods of drilling to which hand-portable tools are applied.

My invention will be best understood by reference to the following specification, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings of one specific embodiment thereofI` while its scope will be pointed out in the appended claims.

ln the drawings:

Fig. l is a plan of a pressure fluid tool shown partially in horizontal section;

l? ig. 2 is a sectional view, partly in elevation, on line 2--2 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view 0n line 3 3 of Fig. 2, looking toward the left.

Referring to the drawings, and to the embodiment of my invention which I have selected for illustration, l have there shown tool percussion means comprising a cylinder 4l, in which a piston 5 is mounted to reciprocate, which piston is controlled in its rcciprocations by a pressure fluid operated distriluiting valve 6, similar to that forming the subject matter of United States Letters Patent, No. 627,703, to Thomas Officer, dated June 27, 1899, wherein there is shown a distributing valve having a central spool which controls the admission of pressure Huid to. and the exhaust from, opposite ends of the cylinder alternately, and wherein the 4valve is in turn reciprocated by pressure fluid under the control of the piston itself, the valve for this purpose being provided with two end spools, against which the pressure fluid acts to throw the valve.

Referring to Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawings,the valve chest is provided with a pressure fluid intake 7, from which pressure fluid llows into an annular port 8 in a valve block or bushing, the latter herein comprising two independent sections 9 and 10, mounted in a valve chest 1l. Cushioning springs 12 and 13, bearing against the valve bushing sections 9 and 10 respectively, are held in place and suitably tensioned by a pair of tie rods 14 extending through the springs and through the valve chest.

The distributing valve, when recprocated in the normal operation of the machine, causesv pressure fluid to be supplied from the port 8 alternately to cylinder ports 15 and 16 leading to the front and rear ends, respectively, of the cylinder 4, whereby the piston 5 is reciprocated in a wellknown manner. Under some circumstances, it may be desirable to withhold effective power supply from the cylinder, or at least one end thereof, in order to discontinue temporarily the operation of the tool percussion motor, and maintain the piston adjacent one end of its stroke. To this end, I have herein provided means for manually controlling the operation of the distributing valve 6, such means herein comprising a pin or plug 17, constituting what may be termed a push button having an enlarged portion 18, mounted to slide in a recess 19 provided in a boss 20, formed on and projecting inwardly from a bushing 21, interposed between the spring 12 and the valve bushing section 9. The reduced portion 17 extends rearwardly through the spring 12 to a point where it may be conveniently engaged by the thumb of the operator and pushed inwardly. The inner end of the push button is provided with a reduced portion 22', which extends through the axially perforated end of the boss 20 to a point where it may engage the adjacent end of the valve 6, whereby the latter may be manually thrown to one end of its stroke and held there, thus causing pressure fluid to be supplied to the rear end of the cylinder, and the piston thereby held adjacent the forward end of the stroke, while the pressure on the push button is continued. As a means for preventing the formation of an air cushion in the chamber 19,whichmight pr'event the push button from being pushed forward, its enlarged portion 18 is herein provided with a longi-l tudinal groove 23, constituting a vent.

The described tool percussion motor may percussively actuate a 'suitable tool for the character of the work to be performed, such for example as a drill-steel 24. This drillsteel might be directly connected to the piston to be ireciprocated thereby, as is customaryinone general type of rock drills, but for the purpose of the present invention, have shown a tool of the hammer type, in which the drill-steel is provided with a polygonal shank 25 mounted in a chuck 26, and adapted to be struck by the piston, the latter for that purpose being herein provided with a piston extension or hammer bar 27. This hammer bar extends from the cylinder proper kinto an axial bore 28 in the elongated front cylinder head 29, and there is thus formed at the rear end ot the drillsteel a chamber 30.

The chuck 26 is herein in the form of a sleeve-mounted to rotate in the elongated front cylinder head, and heldagainst axial motion by front and rear shoulders 8l and l 32 respectively, against which its front and rear ends abut. For convenience in assembling the parts, the front cylinder head 29 is .provided with a removable iront section 33,' secured to the rear section by bolts 34.

I may employ any appropriate type of tool rotating motor, but for the purpose oit illustration, I have selected a wellknown type of pressure liuid motor commercially known as the spire-motor, comprising a pair of double helical, or herringbone rotors 35,

which are nothing more nor less than double helical, or herringbone gears, to which pressure fluid is applied at a port 36 midway between their ends. It is well known that in percussive tools there is great vibration and shock caused by the unbalancing action of the reciprocatory percussive piston. rlhis vibration and shock tends to rapidly wear out moving parts of the apparatus which work in planes substantially transverse to the line of piston travel. In supplying a rotary motor to operate the drill steel, whether one or a plurality of rotors be employed, the eiiiciency ofthe motor depends on the close tit between the rotating means and the housing. ln the apparatus illustrated have overcome theltendency o1 the vibration to produce undue wear between the rotating means and the housing by arranging the of the rotating means typilied by the rotors 35 inthe saine direction as the axis ot the piston 27.V The pressure iuid, on being admitted 'through the port 36v to the pocket or space at the center of the gears formed by the teeth vof the latter, rotates the gears in vthe direction ot the arrows (Fig, l), and

'passing along the teeth of the gears toward 'S9 into the chamber 30. A port 40, leading Jfrom this chamber directly to the atmosphere, permits the exhaust to be conducted directly to the atmosphere if desired, or may be closed bythe thumb or finger of t-he operator. if a solid drill-steel be employed, the port l() will naturally be allowed to remain open to permit the free escape oi' the exhaust; but if the drill-steel be provided with a passage, such for example as the axial perforation 4l, the exhaust fluid may be conducted to the work for the purpose of blowing away the cuttings. In the latter case, the port et() may still be allowed to remain open, if it should be found that the perforation in the drill-steel is not sufficient to carry away the exhaust without undue back pressure. lf the cuttings present an undue obstruction to the action oi? the drillsteel, the port 4() may be closed by the thumb or linger of the operator, and the entire exhaust compelled to flow into the drilled hole. It will now be apparent that there is provided means available for conducting some or all ot the exhaust pressure fluid from the tool rotating motor to the work, and means for conducting some or all oi' the exhaust pressure Huid from the tool rotating motor by another course to the atmosphere.

As a means for throttling or entirely shutting oil' the supply of pressure fluid to the tool rotating motor, l have herein provided a valve fl-.2, threaded into the front cylinder head and controlling the pressure supply passage et?) leadingfrom the port S to the port 3G. This valve is herein provided with a suitable handle 4:4, whereby it may be conveniently turned for the purposes ot' adjustment, and is provided with a locknut 45, engaged by a spring-pressed pin d6, whereby the valve may be held in the desired position oitadjustment, without danger ot such adjustment being deranged'by reason of the vibration to whichV it is subjected when in operation.

It will now `be apparent that l have provided means for' controlling the tool percussion means and tool rotating` means, and for causing either to operate to the vexclusion ot the other. ln other words, I have provided means at will to withhold effective power supply from' either motor, while still continuing to supply the other, and whereby the operationfot the tool percussion motor may be discontinued and the operation of the tool rotating motor regulated, or altogether discontinued. these functions being accomplished by the use of the push button 17 and valve 42.

, The tool rotating mot-oi` may be connected to the tool chuck by any suitable means to rotate the latter, but I have herein shown the chuck provided with a pair of splineways 4T to receive keys 48 carried by a worm gear 49, through which the chuck extends. This worm gear meshes with a worm 50, herein formed on a worm shaft 5l, on which is also formed a pair of beveled bears 52, meshing with and driven by beveled pinions 53, formed integral with the rotors 35. By this means, a great reduction in speed is obtained, and the rotation of the drill-steel is accomplished independently of the operation of the tool percussion motor.

In the normal operation of' the tool, the piston is reciprocated, and delivers a rapid and continuous succession of blows on the inner end of the drill-steel, while the latter is rotated, and its cutting edges continually turned and presented at fresh points of engagement with the rock, the speed of the rotation being variable by means of the valve 42. In case it becomes necessary to rotate the drill steel without having the piston reciprocate in its cylinder, it is necessary merely to push forward the push button at the rear end of the valve. in order that the distributing valve will be held in its eX- treme forward position. lVith the usual main throttle in its` open position, this action will cause the piston to be thrown -lorward against or adjacent the drill steel, and held there by the live pressure fluid which will be admitted to the rear end of the cylinder; but at the same time, pressure fluid will be admitted to the tool rotating motor,

Under some circumstances, it may be desirable to take a supply of pressure fluid from the cylinder 4 to the chamber 30 to be conducted to the hole being drilled. and for this purpose, I have herein shown the piston extension or hammer bar as being provided with a longitudinal groove 54, which at each stroke of the piston enters into the 'front end of the cylinder, and conducts pressure fluid therefrom to the chamber 30. from whence it passes into the hollow drill-steel. This groove, however. may be omitted, if desired.

lVhile I have herein shown and described one specific embodiment of my invention, and have disclosed and discussed in detail the construction and arrangement incidental to one specific application thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is limited neither to the mere details or relative arrangement of parts, nor to its specific embodiment herein shown, but that extensive deviations from the illustrated form or einbodiment of the invention may be made, without departing from the principles thereof.

Having thus described my invent-ion. what I claim and desire by Letters Patent to procure is l. A hand-portable percussive rock drill of a type adapted for universal use comprising, in combination, a casing, a drill steel,k a chuck by which said drill steel is carried, said chuck being rotatably mounted in said casing, a fluid pressure percussive motor in said casing comprising a cylinder and a pis ton therein cooperating with said drill steel. a fluid pressure steel rotating motor carried by said casing and comprising a plurality of rotors having their axes parallel to the axis of said cylinder and piston, and gearing connecting said rotating motor and chuck.

2. A hand-portable percussive rock drill of a type adapted for universal use comprising, in combination, a casing, a hollow drill steel, a chuck by which said drill steel is carried, said chuck being rotatably mounted in said casing, a fluid pressure percussive motor in said casing comprising a cylinder and a piston therein cooperating with said drill steel, a fluid pressure steel rotating motor disposed within the outlines of said casing and comprising a plurality of. rotors having their axes parallel to the axis of said cylinder and piston, a gear carried by at least one of said rotors, a gear yassociated with said chuck, speed reducing transmission devices connecting said gears, and means for transmitting exhaust fluid 'from said steel rotating motor to said hollow steel larried in said chuck.

8. A percussive rock drill comprising, in combination, a casing, a drill steel, a chuck by which said drill steel is carried, said chuck being rotatably mounted in said cas` ing, a fluid pressure percussive motor in said casing comprising a cylinder and a piston therein cooperating with said drill steel, a fluid pressure steel rotating motor in said casing and comprising a plurality of rotors having their axes parallel to the axis of said cylinder and piston, said rotating motor be' ing operatively connected with said chuck.k and separate devices for independently controllingl the supply of pressure fluid to said percussive motor and rotating motor respectively.

4. A percussive rock drill comprising, in combination, a hollow drill steel, a percussive motor cooperating therewith. means for controlling said percussive motor, a fluid pressure steel rotating motor, and means independent of said percussive motor controlling means for controlling the exhaust of said rotating motor to cause a greater or less amount thereof to be discharged through said hollow drill steel or directly to the atmosphere.

5. In a hand-portable precussive rock drill of a type adapted for universal use, the combination comprising means for simultancously rotating and hammering upon a drill steel comprising a drill steel rotating motor having intermeshingrotors rotatable cylinder, and a second valve communicating with the chamber ttor controlling,` the motive fluidsuppl y to the rotation motor.

6. A hand-portable percussive rock drill oli a type adapted for universal use comprising, in combination, a percussive piston provided with a'striking portion of less diameter, a casing` having` a cylinder formed therein in which said piston is reciprocable,

reduced hollov.7 portion adjacent said cylinder in which said striking portion reciprocates, and a recess adjacent said reduced portion, a chuck in said casing` in communication with said reduced hollow portion, a motor comprising a plurality of roto-rs in said recess, said recess being in communication vith said reduced hollow portion adjacent said chuck,` said rotors having' their axes parallel to the axis o't said cylinder', and means between said clruck and motor whereby the former may be rotated by the latter.

7. A hand-portable percussive rock drill of a type adapted for universal `use comprising, in combination, a casing,` having a cylinder therein, a vbore of reduced diameter communicating with said cylinder, and a chamber adjacent said reduced portion, a piston reciprocahle in said cylinder and having a portion of reduced diameter reciprocable in said bore, a chuck in said casing', a recess to the rear of said chuck into which a drill steel may project when in operative position, a motor having intermeshing rotors rotatable on axes parallel to the bore of said cylinder and located in said chamber, meansr for supplying operatino Huid to said rcylinder und to said motor, and means constitutingl an operative drivingr connection between said motor and said chuc1 y S. i hand-portable percussive'rock drill or' a type radapted 'for universal use comprisinn', in combination, casing having a cylinder therein, a here ot reduced diameter com? recess being` in communication with said chamber and having means whereby a variable communication with the atmosphere may be provided, a motor having intermeshing rotorsrotatable in said chamber, means ilor supplyino operating` huid to said cylinder and to said motor, and means constitutingI an operative driving, connection between said motor and said chuck.

S). er hand-portable percussive rock drill ot a type adapted for universal use comprising, in combination, a casing,` having an enlarged cylinder therein, a reduced hollow portion adjacent said cylinder, and a chamber adjacent said reduced portion and at one end of and partially in. front oit said cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and provided with a portion reciprocable in said reduced portion, a chuck in said casing, a plural rotor motor rotatable on longitudinally disposed axes and located in said recess, and means therebetween for rotatingsaid chuck by said motor, the forward end oli said casing forming a bearing` for the chuck and a casing for said last named means.

ln testimony whereof, have signed my name to 'this specification, inthe presence oi two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE ll. GILMAN. lNi tnesses W. A. RICE, M. A. HENRY.

Images