US1430974A - Swaging machine - Google Patents

Description

W. FRICK.

SWAGlNG NlACHiNE. APPLlcATloN FILED lum/19,1920.

W. FRICK` GM H Patented Oct. 3, 1922.

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SWAGIANG MACHINE.

APPLlcATxoN r1LED1uLY19.19'2o.

Patented Oct. 3, 1922.

3 sHETssHET s atroz mud novel construction to be Patente/cl @et @t i922 'WLLAM FRCK, OF DETROIT, MCHAN.

SWAGING JIACHEINE.

T 0 @ZZ wh om. t may concern Be it known that l, VILLIAM Finca, a citizen of the United States of America, residin at Detroit, in the county of lVayne and tate of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful -improvements in Swaging Machines, of which the following is a specification. reference beinghad therein to the accompanying drawings.

'lhis invention relates to a swaging machine by which spokes or rods may be eX- peditiously and economically produced from cylindrical stock fed through the machine, which includes novel dies disposed to revolve about a piece of stock and be intermittently tapped whereby the piece of stock be'- tween the dies will be peened and gradually increased in its longitudinal dimensions withoutany danger of the stock crystallizing or being fractured during the swaging operation. Provision is made so that the flow of metal is in a natural direction which does not reduce the tensile strength of the finished product, and provision is also made for lubricating the dies to prevent pitting of the same and excessive heat during a swag ing operation.

My swaging machine also includes novel, anti-frictional tappet members by which the swagin dies are actuated and interposed between tte swaging dies and the tappet members are novel wedge members by which the dies may be shifted towards each other and thus permit of the dies being adjusted for producing spokes or other articles of a de` sired diameter.

ll/ly invention further aims to provide a machine including the above mentioned elements wherein said elements are assembled with a View of reducing the cost of manufacture and at the same time retain those features by which durability and ease of operation are secured. l/Vith such ends in view, the invention further resides in the hereinafter de scribed and then claimed, and reference will now be had to the drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is an end view of the swaging means with the inner and outer face plates thereof removed;

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a portion of the machine;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of a portion of the machine;

Fig. i is a longitudinal sectional view of the machine partly in elevation; d Fig 5 is a perspective view of a detached Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a piece of stock between dies;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a modied form of tappet members;

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of a portion of the same, and

Fig. 9 is a detail view of the preferred form of construction showing the manner in which a wedge member engages a tappet member.

Reference will first be had to Figs. 1 to ti inclusive showing the preferred form of construction, and inrFig. e there is a portion of a machine base or pedestal 1 having a stationary bearing 2 with one end thereof terminating in a cylindrical head 3 which has its face provided with concentric recesses d and l5. Journaled in the bearing 2 is a tubular spindle d of a cylindrical die holder 7, said die holder having a collar 8 journaled in the recess 5, and the periphery of the die holder 7 is in spaced relation to the annular wall of the recess 4, which may be provided with an annular wear ring 9 made of hardened steel or a more indurated material than the bearing head 3.,

Mounted on the opposite end of the tubular spindle G is a pulley or power transmission wheel l() which abuts the bearing 2 and pres vents longitudinal displacement of the die spindle, besides permitting of the die holder being driven from a suitable source of power.

The die holder 7 and its collar 8 have a slot 11 with the outer end thereof enlarged to rovide a seat 12 for a channel guide mem er 13 and a seat 14tfor an inner face plate or retaining member 15. 'llhe inner face plate or retaining member isA held on its seat by a plurality of screw bolts 16 or other fastening means.

ln the recess e of the stationary bearing head 3 is placed an annular cage 17 for spaced 4rotary abutments 18, preferably in the form of hardened rollers which bear against the ring 9 and Jche annular wall of the recess 4. rlhe rollers 18 are maintained in spaced relation by the cage 17 and longitudinal movement of the cage and its rollers is prevented by an outer face plate 19 connected to the stationary bearing head 3 by screw bolts y.2() or other fastening means, said outer face plate being in the form of a ring or annulus so as to provide clearance for the inner face plate or retaining member 15 carried by the driven die holder 7.

The channel guide 13 and the inner face plate 15 has-longitudinally alining openings 21 and 22, respectively, adjacent the ends thereof and the openings 21 of the channel guide communicate with the slot 11 in the die holder 7, as best shown in Fig. 2. EX- tending through the openings 21 into the openings 22 are opposed wedge members 23 having side tongues 24 loosely engaging in grooves provided therefor in opposed walls of the channel uide, said tongues preventing excessive force set up by the driven die holder 7, and the tongues also facilitate assembling the wedge members relative to the channel guide. The wedge members 23 taper inwardly from the inner ends thereof to the outer ends in the openings l22 of the inner face plate 15 and outer faces of said wedge members are concave, as at 25, to provide seats for rotary tappet members 26 which are prefe-rably in the form of conical rolls having rounded ends engaging theJ inner face plate 15 and the inner wall of the channel guide 13.' The tappet members 26 are adapted to successively engage the rotary abutments or rollers 18 as the die holder 7 is revolved and by impinging against the rotary abutments 18 the members 26 are tapped or receive somewhat of a hammer blow. Since there are a multiplicity of the rotary abutments or rollers 18 it is apparent that when the die holder 7 is revolved that the tapping of the members 26 will be very rapid but with such uniformity that a constant vibration of the tappet members is attained for transmitting such movement to the wedge members 23.

The inner ends of the wedge members 23 are somewhat reduced and apertured, as at 27 to receive opposed pins 28 carried by a cross head 29 slidable in the slot 11 of the driven. die holder 7. The cross head 29 is carried by a tubular rod 30 reciprocable in the spindle 6 of the die holder 7, said rod having its bore 31 extending through the cross head 29 to longitudinally aline with openings 32 and 33 in the channel guide 13 and the inner face plate 15 respectively. The tubular rod 30 constitutes a wedge adjustin member and on that end of the rod protru ing from the spindle 6 is a spool orgrooved col ar 34 engaged by a bell crank 35 pivoted on a bracket 36, carried by the machine base or pedestal 1. An operating rod or lever 37 is attached to the bell crank 35 and by shifting the member 37 the rod 30 may be reciprocated to retract or distend the wedge members 23 in the driven die holder 7.

Slidable in the channel guide 13 are opisplacement by centrifugal posed dies 38 which are retained in the channel guide by the inner face plate 15 and also by the wedge members 23 enga ing the outer faces of said dies. The con ronting faces of said dies are provided with reversely tapered end faces 39 and intermediate swaging faces 40, the faces 39 and 40 being grooved with the grooves merging into the tapered end faces of the dies, as best brought out in Fig. 2.

Before considering the modified form of tappet members shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the operation of the machine will be reviewed.

A pieceof cylindrical stock 42 is adapted to be drawn through the tubular wedge adjusting member 30 and through the openings 32 and 33 with the stock passing between the dies 38. The bore 31 of the tubular wedge adjusting member 30 accommodates the piece of stock and as it is advanced between the dies 38 it is subject to a constant vibration of the dies which causes the stock to be reduced in its cross sectional area in the groove 41 of said dies, as best brought out 1n Fig. 6. The constant tapping of the dies on the piece of stock causes the metal to fioW lengthwise of the stock and gradually elongate it without producing any fractures or weakened portions. The stock may be considered as being stretched but during such operation the metal is not abruptly upset but subjected to an action somewhat similar to a rolling action. The swaging, however, produces a more compact molecu` lar condition of the metal and consequently the tensile strength is maintained. It is obvious that any portion of the stock may be swaged, and in the manufacture of spokes this is desirable, as the spokes are often left with large ends which may be screwthreaded or further upset for anchoring or fastening purposes in a wheel structure.

It is during the swaging operation that a suitable lubricant can be carried into the dies 38 by the feeding of the piece of stock and during such operation it is possible to change the swaging operation of the dies by simply adjusting the member` 30, so that an irregular surface may be swaged on a piece of stock should it be so desired. The shifting of the Wedge members 23 controls the swaging strokes of the dies and consequently a desired cross sectional area may be imparted to a piece of stock by the dies or another set of dies may be substituted when the range of laction is not within the scope of the former dies.

Since the die holder revolves during the swaging operation, it is apparent that a piece of stock can be evenl and uniformly swaged and With proper adjustment of the wedge members 23 it is impossible for the dies to chatter due to centrifugal action set up 4by the revolving die holder. Overheating and pitting of the dies will be reduced 130 nasceva to a minimum by a liberal use of lubricant which will also be distributed to other oontact surfaces of the various parts of the machine.

lin lieu of the conical tappet members 26., il may use slide blocks 42, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8 and furnish the outer ends of said slide blocks with a plurality of anti-frictional bearings 4:3 as balls, disposed and retained in grooves in the outer ends oi. said blocks.

lt is thought that the operation and utility of my invention will be apparent without further description, and While in the drawings there are illustrated the preferred embodiments of my invention, it is to be understood that the structural elements are susceptible to such variations and modifications as fall within the scope of the appended. claims.

What I claim is 1. A swaging machine adapted to have stock pass axially therethrough, a stationary head, rotary abutments in said head, a driven die holder in said head, rotary tappet members in said die holder and having the axes thereor` disposed at an angle to the axes of said rotary abutments, dies in said die holder and between which the stock extends, and wedge members interposed between said dies and said tappet members and adapted to transmit motion to said dies by said tappet members riding over said rotary abutments.

2. A swag-ing machine comprising a bearing having a head, a die holder having a driven spindle in said bearing, rotary abut ments in the head of said bearing, a channel guide in said die holder and having confronting walls thereof provided with grooves, a fare plate mounted against said guide, dies in said guide, rotary tappet members in said guide actuated by said abutments during rotation of said die holder, said rotary tappet members having ends bearing against said guide and said retaining plate, wedge members extending through said guide and between said tappet members and said dies, tongues on said Wedge members extending into the grooves of said guide, and means axially of the spindle of said die holder adapted for adjusting said wedge members.

In testimony whereof l affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLlAM FRICK.

Witnesses:

ANNA M. Donn, KARL H. BUTLER.

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