US1434860A - Mirror construction - Google Patents

Mirror construction Download PDF

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Publication number
US1434860A
US1434860A US505894A US50589421A US1434860A US 1434860 A US1434860 A US 1434860A US 505894 A US505894 A US 505894A US 50589421 A US50589421 A US 50589421A US 1434860 A US1434860 A US 1434860A
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United States
Prior art keywords
mirror
coating
glass
groove
fabric
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US505894A
Inventor
William H Taylor
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PPG Industries Inc
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Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co
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Publication date
Application filed by Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co filed Critical Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co
Priority to US505894A priority Critical patent/US1434860A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1434860A publication Critical patent/US1434860A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/08—Mirrors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
    • Y10S428/934—Electrical process
    • Y10S428/935—Electroplating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12229—Intermediate article [e.g., blank, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12236—Panel having nonrectangular perimeter
    • Y10T428/12243—Disk
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12229—Intermediate article [e.g., blank, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12271—Intermediate article [e.g., blank, etc.] having discrete fastener, marginal fastening, taper, or end structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12389—All metal or with adjacent metals having variation in thickness
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12444—Embodying fibers interengaged or between layers [e.g., paper, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12542—More than one such component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12556—Organic component
    • Y10T428/12569—Synthetic resin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12597—Noncrystalline silica or noncrystalline plural-oxide component [e.g., glass, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12896—Ag-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12903—Cu-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12986—Adjacent functionally defined components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to mirror constructions and particularly those employing a netting of metal or similar material at the back to protect the silver or other coating and to add reinforcing strength tending to hold the structure together in case the glass is shattered.
  • the invention is illustrated as applied to a parabolic mirror, such as are used in connection with search lights, but is not limited to such use and may be em ployed to advantage on any mirror employing the metallic protecting backing.
  • the object of the invention is to provide improved means for posi tively anchoring the metallic netting to the edge of the glass.
  • Figure 1 is a section on an enlarged scale through the edge of a parabolic mirror in cluding the improvement
  • Fig. 2 is a section through the glass plate before the application of the backing.
  • the glass 1 is first provided with a groove 2, which, in the case of a glass seven-sixteenths inches thick, is preferably about one-eighth inch wide and one-sixteenth inch deep. This groove is formed by a grinding operation.
  • the sheet is then provided on its. convex side with a silvering coating 3, over which is electroplated a copper coating 4.
  • A. third coating 5, consists of several layers of varnish.
  • the woven copper fabric 6, which may be generically designated as a flexible metal fabric as this metal protecting fabric might be made in a variety of ways although the woven copper mesh or screen Serial No. 505,894.
  • This fabric 6 is brought around the edge of the glass and over the groove 2, after which the clamping or binding wire 7 is applied.
  • This wire is preferably about a No. 20 gauge and of phosphor bronze, three turns or laps being illustrated although a greater or less number of turns and wires of varying size may be employed, depending upon conditions.
  • the ends of the wires are preferably secured by being soldered to adjacent turns of the wire.
  • the copper fabric is bent around to cover the wire, as indicated at 8 in Fig. 2.
  • a final coating is then applied to cover the metal fabric and give the mirror a finished appearance.
  • This covering indicated by the reference numeral 9 in Fig. 1, preferably consists of one or more coats of varnish thickened with zinc oxide, although various compositions might be employed for this purpose.
  • the construction as illustrated and described serves to hold the backing very securely in place as the wire positively clamps the edge of the metal fabric in position .in the edge of the glass and there is no danger of the backing coming off, such as is the case where the entire attachment of the backing depends upon the adhesion of the various coatings, including the adhesion of the silvering to the glass.
  • the backing with its secure holding means tends to hold the pieces together so that the mirror is eifective to a certain extent at least until it can be replaced.
  • the advantages of the construction incident to its security and the ease and cheapness with which it may be applied will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. It will be understood that the invention is capable of embodiment in a wide variety of forms and that the one shown is merely illustrative of the principle involved and is not limited either as to the character of the groove or as to the number and the character of the layers constituting the backing.
  • a glass plate provided in its periphery With a groove, a silvering coating on the back of the plate, a flexible metal fabric extending over such coating and over the grooved edge of the plate and a Wire lying in the groove over the edge of the fabric and clamping it in such groove.
  • a glass plate provided in its periphery With a groove, a silvering coating on the back of the plate, a flexible metal fabric extending over such coating and over the grooved edge of the plate, and a Wire lying in the groove over the edge of the fabric and clamping it in such groove, the extreme marginal portion of said fabric being folded back over the Wire.
  • a glass plate provided in its periphery with a groove, a silvering coating on the back of the plate, an electrically deposited protecting coating extending over the silvering coating, a flexible metal securing member in said groove, and a flexible metal fabric extending over said protecting coating and anchored at its edges to said flexible member.

Description

i w. H. TAYLOR.
MIRROR CONSTRUCTION.
APPLICATIONFILED OCT. 6| 1921.
13,434,860o Patented Nov. 7, 1922.
Hill. 9
avmwra Patented Nov. 7, 1922.
NITE stares FATENT OFFICE.
WILLIAM'I-I. TAYLOR, OF FORD CITY, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO PITTSBURGH PLATE GLASS CDMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.
MIRROR CONSTRUCTION.
Application filed October 6, 1921.
T0 (17? whom "it may concern:
Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. TAYLOR, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Ford City, in the county of Armstrong and State of Pennsylvania, have made a new and useful invention in Improvements in Mirror Constructions, of which the following is a specification.
The invention relates to mirror constructions and particularly those employing a netting of metal or similar material at the back to protect the silver or other coating and to add reinforcing strength tending to hold the structure together in case the glass is shattered. The invention is illustrated as applied to a parabolic mirror, such as are used in connection with search lights, but is not limited to such use and may be em ployed to advantage on any mirror employing the metallic protecting backing. Heretofore it has been the practice to imbed the reinforcing netting in a coating or paste adherent to the back of the glass or the coating carried thereby, but with such construction the attachment to the glass is relatively weak, and the whole backing is liable to loosen from the glass at the edges and pull away. The object of the invention is to provide improved means for posi tively anchoring the metallic netting to the edge of the glass. One embodiment of the invention, is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein:
Figure 1 is a section on an enlarged scale through the edge of a parabolic mirror in cluding the improvement, and Fig. 2 is a section through the glass plate before the application of the backing.
In constructing the mirror the glass 1 is first provided with a groove 2, which, in the case of a glass seven-sixteenths inches thick, is preferably about one-eighth inch wide and one-sixteenth inch deep. This groove is formed by a grinding operation. The sheet is then provided on its. convex side with a silvering coating 3, over which is electroplated a copper coating 4. A. third coating 5, consists of several layers of varnish. Upon this backing thus prepared is placed the woven copper fabric 6, which may be generically designated as a flexible metal fabric as this metal protecting fabric might be made in a variety of ways although the woven copper mesh or screen Serial No. 505,894.
is the material which is at present universally used for this purpose. This fabric 6 is brought around the edge of the glass and over the groove 2, after which the clamping or binding wire 7 is applied. This wire is preferably about a No. 20 gauge and of phosphor bronze, three turns or laps being illustrated although a greater or less number of turns and wires of varying size may be employed, depending upon conditions. The ends of the wires are preferably secured by being soldered to adjacent turns of the wire.
After the wire is secured in position, the copper fabric is bent around to cover the wire, as indicated at 8 in Fig. 2. A final coating is then applied to cover the metal fabric and give the mirror a finished appearance. This covering, indicated by the reference numeral 9 in Fig. 1, preferably consists of one or more coats of varnish thickened with zinc oxide, although various compositions might be employed for this purpose. The construction as illustrated and described serves to hold the backing very securely in place as the wire positively clamps the edge of the metal fabric in position .in the edge of the glass and there is no danger of the backing coming off, such as is the case where the entire attachment of the backing depends upon the adhesion of the various coatings, including the adhesion of the silvering to the glass. In case the glass is accidentally shattered, the backing with its secure holding means tends to hold the pieces together so that the mirror is eifective to a certain extent at least until it can be replaced. The advantages of the construction incident to its security and the ease and cheapness with which it may be applied will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. It will be understood that the invention is capable of embodiment in a wide variety of forms and that the one shown is merely illustrative of the principle involved and is not limited either as to the character of the groove or as to the number and the character of the layers constituting the backing.
What I claim is:
1. In combination in a mirror, 2. glass plate provided in its periphery with a groove, a silvering coating on the back of the plate, a flexible metal securing member in said groove, and a flexible metal fabric extending over said coating and anchored at its edges-to said flexible member.
2. In combination in a mirror, a glass plate. provided in its periphery With a groove, a silvering coating on the back of the plate, a flexible metal fabric extending over such coating and over the grooved edge of the plate and a Wire lying in the groove over the edge of the fabric and clamping it in such groove.
In combination in a mirror, a glass plate provided in its periphery With a groove, a silvering coating on the back of the plate, a flexible metal fabric extending over such coating and over the grooved edge of the plate, and a Wire lying in the groove over the edge of the fabric and clamping it in such groove, the extreme marginal portion of said fabric being folded back over the Wire.
l. In combination in a mirror, a glass plate provided in its periphery with a groove, a silvering coating on the back of the plate, an electrically deposited protecting coating extending over the silvering coating, a flexible metal securing member in said groove, and a flexible metal fabric extending over said protecting coating and anchored at its edges to said flexible member.
5. In combination in a mirror, a glass In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed by name this 27th day of September, 1921.
WILLIAM H. TAYLOR.
lVitness F. H. MoNUTr.
US505894A 1921-10-06 1921-10-06 Mirror construction Expired - Lifetime US1434860A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3687524A (en) * 1971-01-06 1972-08-29 Kamor Products Inc Glassless mirror
US3912380A (en) * 1973-06-25 1975-10-14 Boeing Co Composite type structure for large reflective mirrors
US3985429A (en) * 1975-02-06 1976-10-12 Donnelly Mirrors, Inc. Strengthened, shatter-resistant vehicular mirror
US5521760A (en) * 1994-07-11 1996-05-28 Donnelly Corporation Energy absorbing rearview mirror assembly

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3687524A (en) * 1971-01-06 1972-08-29 Kamor Products Inc Glassless mirror
US3912380A (en) * 1973-06-25 1975-10-14 Boeing Co Composite type structure for large reflective mirrors
US3985429A (en) * 1975-02-06 1976-10-12 Donnelly Mirrors, Inc. Strengthened, shatter-resistant vehicular mirror
US5521760A (en) * 1994-07-11 1996-05-28 Donnelly Corporation Energy absorbing rearview mirror assembly

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