US1570516A - Shingle - Google Patents

Description

T. D. MILLER- SHINGLE Jan. 19,1926. 1,570,516

Filed May 24. 1924 2 Sheets- Sheet 2 Fstenteddan, l,l2&

som sre'rss serene serene c rries;

I 1 rnorms n. MILLER, or c annsvrrrn, MARYLAND.

SHIN'GLE.

Application nee Ma 24,1924. Serial no. 715,544.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS D. 'Minmln,

a'ci'tize'n of the United States, residing at Clerksville, in the county of Howard and State of Maryland, heve invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shingles, of which the following a specification.

One purpose (if this inventionis to provide a sheet metal tile or shingle of such form that, in covering afroof there will he a. minimum amount of overlap between the shingles and consequently a minimum amount of metal used; a further object of the invention is to provide a shingle which can be laid quickly and with amininium amount of labor, and a'further' object of the invention is to provide a metal shingle having the advantages stated and of such form thatthe finished roof will be erchitecturally pleasing. I

In the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is a plan view of a part of a roof covering composed of the shingles of vmy invention; I Fig. 2 is a top perspective view. of one of the shingles; v

Fig. 3 is a perspective side of the shingle; Fig. i is a section on view of the underthe line H i of Fi 2; v 1 Y ig. 5 is a section on the line 55 of I shingles assembled;

Fig. 6' is a perspective ViBW of portions of two shingles illustrating the manner of assembling one roof;

Fig. 7 is a similar, View, showing shingles assembled;

Fig. 8 is at similar view, showing four three Fig. 9 is a plan view of a part of a roof covering. composed of shingles similar to those illustrated inthe previous figures but the sheet, forming flanges 1, and having 7 setting ridge.

marginal portions of the other two adjacent edges of the sheet turned hackwardly under the sheet, forming the flanges 2. The part 3 of the sheet, which may be considered the upper half, is oil-set from the part 4, which may 'be considered the lower half, along a diagonal line extending from the corner 5 to the corner 6 of the sheet, the off-setting portion being indicated at 7. The corner portion 8 of the upper half 3 of the sheet .is raised above the body ofsaid half by an oil-setting portion 9 which extends parallel withthe off-setting portion 7 of the sheet, anda'hole l0,-for receiving a shingle nail, is

punched through the flanges 1 at the apex of this corner portioni The corner portion 11 of the lower half 4 of the sheet is depressed below the, plane of the body of'the lower half by an ofisetting portion 12, which extends parellel with the ofi-setting portions 7 and 9. The end or apex 11 of the corner portion 11 isv turned backwardly under said corner portion, as shown, The flanges l taper froni-thecorner-portion 8 toward the off-setting ridge 7, end the flanges 2 taper 5 portion 11 toward said 'ofi-- from the corner In assembling the shingles to forth a roof covering, the lower" halves 4 of a number of shingles are cut oil adjacent the line of the v off-setting ridges 7, and the upper halves 3 are arranged side by side with and with the flanges 1. uppermost, These half shingles are secured by nails driven through the perforations 10, and they are also nailed or otherwise secured along their lower edges to the roof. I When a row a of a the ridges 7 extending along the lower edge of the roof,

the half shingles has been laid, as indicated I me are applied by sliding each shingleiup- Ward over the facesv of two adjacent half shingles until the flanges 2 on the shingle which is being applied flanges l on the adjacent alf shingles and the off-setting ridges 12 are in line with the Each shingle, as it is applied is' ridges 7. secured to the roof hy'a nail passed through the opening 10; The next Iowaof shingles in Fig. I, shingles indicated'at a? in said fig- 5 ass beneath the is applied in-the same manner by sliding these shingles upwardly over the adjacent shingle 41 until the flanges 2 on the shingles o are engaged with the flanges 1 on the 1 shingles G2 and the ofi-setting ridges 12 on end ll of each shingle slides upon the part o the shingle immediately below it and the converging edges of. the shingles at the sit es of said lower shingle guide the end ll. to the upper apex of said lower shingle. The undcrturned end 1.1 of each shingle thus serves a means for positioning the lower end of the shingle.

'lhe manner in which the shingles fit together is illustrated in Figs. 6, 7 and 8. In liig. (-3, the flange .2 of an upper shingle a is shown in engagement with the flange 1 of the lower shingle a and the offsetting ridge r' the lut'l shingle is shown in substantial. slineuient with the oil-setting ridge 7 of the upper shingle. In Fig. 7,.two upper shingles are shown, each having a flange ging the flanges l of the lower shingle the oil-setting portions 7 of the upare in alinement with-one anin Fig. 8, the shingle a and two gles (r are shownas in Fig. 7 and a ..ourth shingle a is shown having it flanges 2 engaging the flanges l of both shingles a".

The inwa' lly turned end ll of the shingle its between the converging edges of the lower parts and the offsetting pdrtion,12 of the shingle a is in alinement with the oilsetting portimis T of the shingles a AS previously stated, the flanges 1 and 2 each sh' taper toward the diagonal 7. wl'ien a flange 2 of one interlocked with a flange lof an- OLL '2 will lit under the-broad end of the flange l, and the broad end of the flange 2 will fit under the narrow end of the flange 1. Thus, the edge of the flange 2 will engage the bottom of the fold 1 (Fig.- 8), i" med by the flange 1, only at one end, and

similarly, the edge of the flange 1 will engage the told 52 only at oneend of said flange. Tlhus, throughout the greater-part oi the lengths of the interlocking flanges, the

l of the flanges on one shingle will be spaced from the bottoms of the folds formed the tier 5; on the other shingles, and this spe pi vents water from being held within the flanges by capillary attraction.

In finishm the roof covering at the top, it will be apparent that the lower halves l of the shingles which were cut off to start the covering at the lower edge of the roof :niay be used. to fill in triangular gaps between the adjacent shingles at the to of the root. Similarly, in. finishing the eru. s of the covering. the shingles may be split v'erand the parts cutoff at one end may d "o fill the gaps between the shingles end a the roof.

noted that the roof covering is tree from alined seams a, the narrower end of the flangeor ridges running upwardly and downwardly on the roof, which lines and seams are undesirable from an architectural standpoint; it will also be noted. that the oil-setting ridges in the shingles are in horizontal alinement on the roof, which is; desirable from an architectural standpoint. The flanges, as well as the off set ridges on the shingles, prevent water from being driven its principal function is to give'an architec tural effect to the roof. It is to be noted that as the ribs are formed only in the up per halves of i the shingles, they become staggered on the roof and do not extend in continuous lines,- which latter arrangement would be objectionable. The same staggered effect can be obtained by forming the ribs on the lower instead of the upper halves of the shingles, but the arrangement shown is preferred. Y

With both forms of shingle, the edges of the shingles when assembled on a roof run diagonally of the roof, but not in continuous lines; the edges of the shingles in successive rows being offset or out of line with" one another, which adds to the architectural efiect.

It is to be noted that the nail hole in g each shingle is punched through the flanges as well as the body of the shingle, sothat the nails pass through three thicknesses of the metal and hold the shingle firmly on the roof. As each shingle is fastened to the roof at one point only, and not rigidly secured to the adjacent shingles, the shingles may expand and contract' freely with changes in temperature.

What I claimis:

1. A shingle comprising a substantially square plate having upper and lower triangular halves ofi'se't from one another along a diagonal line, the upper half having its side edges doubled over the top of the plate and the lower half having its side edges doubled under the plate, and the upper and lower corner portions of the plate being oppositely offset on lines parallel with said diagonal line, the upper corner portion being raised and the lower corner portion being depressed with respect to the adjacent portionsnof the plate. x

2. A shingle comprising a substantially square plate having upper and lower tri-- -v the tapering frdxn the up portion being raised and the lower corner portion being depressed with respect to theadjacent portionsof the plate.

3. A shingle'comprising a substantially late havi up er and lower triiii iilar halves oifslifi from one another along a iagonal line, tlie npper half having its side. edges doubled over thetop of, the plate andthe'lower half having its'side edges doubled under the platefandthe upper and lpwer corner portions 0 the plate being op Fositely offset on .lines parallel with said iagonal line, the upperv portion .being 5 ra sed and the lower corner portion being depressed with respect to the "adjacent per.-

tionsg-of the plate and the lower eorner floubied under-theplate; I

w. '4. A shi le eomprlsin'g a substantially square plate having upper. and lower triangular halves. ofiset from-one another along a iagonal line,the upper half 'havingia rib extending from said him to its u pet norner and having its side edges dou led over the top of the plate andathe lower hall having a planef'surface and having "its side edges doubled under the plate, and the uper and lower; corner portions of [the plate ing oppositely ofiset on lines parallel with said. diagonal hue, the upper corner portion being raised and the lowereorner pox-tinn- .on lines par angular halves ofi'set cornerportions of the late ppositely with-said iagonal ver the top of heing depressed with respect to the adjacent portlons'of the plate.

5. ,A shingle comprising a substantially square plate having upper and lower tri angular halves offset from one another along a diagonal line, one half having a plane surface and having rib extendinga t a right angle to said line to one of its corners and having its side edges doubled over the top of the plate and the lower ha1t;=..f

having its side edges doubled under the plate, and the upper and lower corner portions of the plate being oppositely offset a the upper corner portion being raised and the lower corner portion being idepressed;

with respectto the adjacent portions of the plate.

lel with said diagonal line,.v

shingle comprising a substantially square plate having upper and lower tria iagonal line, and the upper and lower 'ofiset on lines paralle line, the upper corner portion bein raised and the lower corner portion..'be1ngde.-

pressed, with respect to theadjaeut tions of the late.

om one another along 7. Aehing 0, comprising a siihstantially square plate havin 'up e'r andf-lower triangular halves ofi set one another along a diaglonal line-and the lower-corner POIflOllgOf t 0 lower half being dow wardlyofiset along a lineparallif l with. 5a d di- I In testimohywhereof-I hereunto afiix' my MiLLEn. a

signature. 5

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