US1588503A - Liquid-fuel burner - Google Patents

Description

June 15 1926.

C. E. SPIGELMIRE LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed March 15, 1922- Patented June 15, 1926.

UNITED STATES PA E T-OF ICE;

CHARLES EDW'ARD SPIGELMIRE, OF SPARROWS POINT, IVI ARYLAND, ASSIGNOR TO BETHLEHEM STEEL COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

Application filed March 15, 1922.

for vaporizing crude oil or tar and delivering the resulting combustible gas directly into furnace combustion chambers.

Burners constructed in accordance with the present invention are particularly adapted to withstand the intense heat of such combustion chambers, while at the same time the use of special heat insulating mentioned tube as shown" extending completely through the centralbaperture of the .materials, waterjackets, etc., is avoided, the burner being cooled by the same fluid, which may be either air under pressure, or steam, which is used to gasify theliquid fuel supplied and to propel the gaseous mixture into the furnace combustion chamber. The

burner is provided with means for varyingthe shape of the flame delivered so that the operator is enabled to project a flame into the furnace which may be flat or fan-shaped in either a vertical or a horizontal direction,

or which may have the irregular whirling or rotating motion now frequently used. The burner is extremely simple in its details of construction, the various parts being so arranged with respect to each other that no strains are set up due to the expansion and contraction resulting from changes of tempcrature, and so that it may be constructed and repaired with a'minirnum of trouble and expense.

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal axial. section through the burner; V

Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is a plan and end view of the nozzle end of the liquid fuel supply tube;

Fig. 4 is a plan and end view of the nozzle cf the burner; and Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are diagrams illustrating different relative positions of the fuel tube nozzle and the burner tip.

The burner comprises essentially a hollow head casting, 10, having aligned apertures in its end walls, a bushing 11 provided with a central cylindrical aperture which is aligned with the apertures of the head 10, and four concentric tubes 12, 13, 1.4 and 15 extending between the head and bushing. The outermost tube 12 com rises a casing member for the burner an has one end secured to head 10 and the opposite end secured to the bushingby means of a sleeve 16 The three inner tubes each have one end entirely free; The innermost tube 15% Serial in, 543,923.

stitutes the liquid fuel delii ery tube, having its inlet end secured to a fuel supply pipe 1'? .which maybe connected to any suitable source of supply. Supply pipe 17 is supported by the coupling 18 which'in turn as shown has threaded engagement with the end of tube 13 projecting without the hollow head. Tubes 13 and 14 constitute baffle 10 and tube 14 by the bushing 11, the last bushing and havingthreaded upon its projecting end the burner tip 19.

The orifice 20 of the burner tip 19 is, as

shown in Figure 4, relatively long and;

narrow and the forward end'of the liquid fuel tube 15 isalso flattened toprovide a delivery orifice 21, similar in shape, though considerably smaller, than the orifice 20.

three possible .relationships are diagram- .maticallyillustrated.

In'the operation of the burner saturated *steam is led through a pipe 22 into the interior of the hollow head 10. The steam,

fiows from the head and is caused to take i' a tortuous course by the battle tubes 13 and 14 which direct it first forwardly along the inner wall'of the casing 12, thence rearwardly between bafiie tubes 13 and 14 and thence again forwardly between bafiie tube 14 and fuel supply tube 15. In this passage through the burner the steam exerts a cooling action upon the highly heated casing 12 and at the same time it becomes superheated so that as it passes forwardly in con tact with the liquid fuel supply tube 15 it willheat,1liquefy or reduce the viscosity and. vaporize morefor less the crude oilor tar Within this tube, Then the steam and liquid fuel come in contact with each other in the mixing chamber 23 which lies, within tube 14 and in advance of the fuel orifice 21, it completely gasifies the liquid fuel.

The burning of the combustible mixture From the structure described it will be apparent that the telescopic tubes 13 and 14; define a multiple-pass passage to conduct saturated'stealn or air along the interior of the casing 1.2 and thenalong the exterior of the fuel tube 15. This arrangement for a tortuous passageway for the vaporizing fluid assures that the relatively cool entering fluid, such as saturated steam or a r, shall flow along the interior of the casing 12 in this way, fluid which has absorbed heatfrom length andthat by selecting a suitable length the casing 12 is broughtin'to contact with the fuel tube 15 in order to hquefy or vapor-,

ize combustible liquid passing therethrough.

This arrangement, therefore, provides for the entrance of fluid, such as steam, which shall pass along a surface ofthe element to be cooled; and, the cooling fluid absorbs heat from the element to be cooled and then passes along an element to be heated, such as the fuel pipe. This apparatus,therefore, assures that theouter casing of the burner shall not attain too high a temperature and at the same time utilizes heat absorbed by the cooling fluid in raising the temperature of the fuel entering the burner through the fuel pipe.

In the drawingthe burner is shown broken away, for convenience. It is tobeunderstood however that it may be of any desired any desired amount of surface for heating the steam or air-and fuel may be obtained. Compressed a1r may be utilized in place of steam where conditions warrant its use.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made in the design and arrangement of the component parts of the invention without departing from its scope.

Having thus described the invention what is claimedas new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. In a fuel burner, the combination of a. burner tip, a mixing chamber communicating with-the burner tip, a fuel tube adapted to discharge fuel into the mixing chamber,

In its passage along 7 nasaaos a casing for supporting the fuel tube and the burner tip in predetermined. relation, means cooperating with the casing and defining a passage therealong which has an inlet for steam adjacent to the end of the casing remote from the burner tip, and means cooperating with the fuel tube to define a passage for discharging steam into the mixing chamber, said two means cooperating to.

rior passage at one end being in communica- Y tion with a supply of fluid, and at its other end with the intermediate passage, the opposite end of the intermediate passage being in communicaion with the inner passage and the latter at the tip endvof the burner being in communication with said mixing chamber.

8. In a liquid fuel burner, in combination, a liquid fuel delivery tube having an elongated delivery. orifice '.a burner tip coaxial therewith and having an elongated delivery orifice, said tip and fueldelivery tube being relatively rotatable so that the major axes of said orifices may be brought into any desired angular relationship. 4. In a liquid fuel burner, in combination, a hollow head member and a bushing member spaced therefrom, a tubular outer casing rigidly connecting the head member and bushing, three concentric tubeswithin said tubular casing, the innermost tube comprising a fuelidelivery tube having a deli-very orifice adjacent the bushing, and the two intermediate tubes comprising bafile tubes,'o-ne of which is entirely supported from the head and the other of which'is entirely supported from the bushing, and means for conduct ing steam to said head.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

CHARLES EDWARD SPIGELMIRE.

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