US1647685A - Concrete-wall boxing - Google Patents

Description

A. J. COOPER CONCRETE WALL BOXING 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR AL 55727 J (00/ 0? Original Filed Auz. 25. 1925 ATTORNEYS Nov. 1,1927. 1,647,685

1 v A. J. COOPER CONCRETE WALL BOXING Original Filed Aug. 1925 5 sheets-sheet 2 IUD IQNVENVTOR 4455/27 1 (00/ 5? BY /W Y'j flw z/cm ATTORNEYJ Nov. 1, 1927.

A. J. COOPER CONCRETE WALL RTE-KING INVENTOR ALB/.VFT f (OOPf/f fl ATTORNEYS Original Filed Aug. 25. 1925 Nov. 1, 1927. 1,647,685

A. J. .OOPER CONCRETE WALL BOXING Original Filed Aug. 4 1925' 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 a fw/ f Y A57 INVENTOR AA 5557 J (00pm BY W @L ATTORNEYS Nov. 1, 1927. 1,647,685

A. J.- COOPER CONCRETE WALL BOXING Original Filed Aug. 25. 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jig/Z INVENTOR A 1 BfAT J Coo/ ER ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 1, 1927.

UNITED STATES tenses PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT LT. COOPER, OF TIMARU, NEl/V ZEALAND.

CONCRETE-'WALL BOXING.

Application filed August 25, 1925, Serial Nb. 52,263. Renewed September 22, 1927.

This invention relates to a Concrete wall boning for the pouring of concrete walls in progressive stages.

it has been proposed in United States Patent No. 1,478,653, to A. E. Holmes, issued December 25, 1923, to pour concrete walls in progressive stages by means of boxing consisting in series of paired side units for each side of the wall linked together so that after the second stage is poured and the bottom stage is set, the bottom units can be swung over the top units to form a boring or form for a succeeding stage. The boxings are aligned by means of horizontal spreaders locking into fixtures mounted on the boxing and preventing lateral strain. his type of wall boxing operates satisfactorily where the perimeter of the wall to be poured is sufiieiently large and the concrete quick setting so that the first is hardened after completion of the pouring ot the second stage.

The above described wall boxing is, however, open to the serious disadvantage that where the perimeter of the wall to be poured is relatively small and where the .concrete does not set very quickly, it is not possible to pour continuously as the lower stage will not set during the time taken in pouring the upper stage, and it is accordingly necessary to pour intermittently or to provide for auxiliary forms. The boxing of the above mentioned patent is also adapted only for pouring walls having straight faces and can not be used where insets or projecting ledges are to be formed in the wall.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a wall boning which operates in an improved manner and obviates the disadvantages mentioned above in connection with the boxing of the Holmes patent and enab es walls of varying perimeter to be poured in stages continuously.

" is a further object of the present invento provide a boxing which may be used only for pouring straight walls, but for insets and ledges in a continuous and efiicient manner.

V ith the above objects in view, the invention will be illustrated by the description of the preferred construction shown in the drawings. It should be understood, of course, that the preferred constructions to be described below are only illustrations of the principle of the present invention which is not limited thereto. More particularly,

the invention is not limited to a specific construction, shape of fittings and number of boxing units, but, on the contrary, other and similar fittings and linkages may be used and a' greater number of units may be employed. Other and further variations will be clear to those skilled in the art.

In the drawings which illustrate the preferred constructions and modifications of the invention,

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-section of a concrete wall being poured in stages and having the lower left hand corner broken away to show the mounting of the spre'aders in the concrete. The figure illustrates a t-hree unit boxing of th-e'present invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical elevation 01" a portion of the boxing units showing the fittings and linkages set for swinging the bottom boxing unit over the two upper. units as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a vertical elevation of a portion of the boxing unit shown in Fig. 2 and shows the unit-s after the bottom section has been swung over the upper two sections;

Fig. 4 is a similar elevation showing the changed connections ready for the second swing;

Fig. 5 is a detailed view of a bolt and link connection in the unit fitting;

Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate two types oi fiat Spreaders in plan view;

Fig. 8 is an elevation of a different type of spreader;

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of an adjustable spreader having removable slotted ends;

Fig. IQ is a cross-section through a con crete wall similar to Fig. 1, showing a fourunit boxing;

Figs. 11 and 12 are illustrations of the tour-unit boxing shown in Fig. 10, showing the position of the linkages before and after swinging the bottom unit over the three upper units; I

Fig. 13 is an elevation of part of the. linkages shown in Fig. 12 and indicating the change of connections for the next swing;

Fig. 14 is a cross-section through a con orete wall showing the method of pouring an inset;

Fig. 15 is an elevation showing the linkages of Fig. 4; and

Figs. 16 and 17 are respectively a crossseetion and elevation similar to Figs. 1e and 15, but illustrating the pouring of an oi? set ledge.

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In the drawings, the various concrete stages are indicated by the letters a, b, 0, (Z, etc, and individual parts of the units used in pouring these sections bear a reference numeral followed by the letter correspond ing to the stage ori inally poured by means of the unit. Linkages connecting two units will bear the letter corresponding to the lower unit.

The three-unit boxing shown in Figs. 1 to 4i consists in three sets of horizontal forms 1, provider. at suitable intervals with angle iron fittings 2. The angle iron faces which are at right angles to the forms 1 are provided with long slots 8 in which the toggle bolts 7 are arranged to slide. The bolts are preterably provided with washers 13 and with two spaced holes to take the pins 27 which serve to retain the washer 18 while the links 3 are connected by means of the toggles 37 (see Fig. 5). The angle irons are provided with upper projections 12 and at their lower ends with the movable latches 10. The vertical faces of the angle irons are also provided at the top with grooves 11.

In the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the lowest fitting 2 is connected by the bolt 7 to the link 3 which is slightly shorter than the fitting and is provided at its center with the stud 5 fitting on one side in the groove 11 and carrying on its other extension the short link 4: which is slightl longer than onehal:t the length of the a i it iron fitting. in a similar manner. th hitin 2 is connected to the link 3 by the bol; the stud 5" of the link fitting into the groove 11" and carrying on its opposite projection the short link i The links 3 and i" are connected by the bolt 6 provided with the toggle 26. The upper end of the link 3 is connected to the fitting 2 by means of the bolt 7 and is held in position by the toggle 3?.. The units 1 1 and 1 are prevented from lateral movement by the spreaders 89, provided with the slots 40 a (see Fig ure 9). The slots 42 engage with the projection 12 on the angle iron fittings and the slots 40 engage with the movable latches 10.

The spreaders illustrated of the type shown in Figure 9 and consist of a flat body 39 with turned-up and screw-threaded ends, into which two slotted end pieces 38 are screwed. The end pieces carry the slots l0 and 42. The above described type of sgreader constitutes the preferred shape as it is adjustable for width and when the concrete wall is poured, the end pieces may be removed, leaving no projecting metal and providing holes in the concrete anchor reinforcements and which may be used for attaching hinges, moldings, brackets or other attachments without the use of wooden clubs which have hereto-tore been necessary where attachments were fastened to concrete walls The invention, however, is not limited to the use of the preferred type of spreader, but flat spreaders such as those illustrated in Fig. 6 and wire spreaders illustrated in Fig. 8

may also be used.

The concrete stage a is first poured, followed in succession by the stages 7) and c. the pouring of stage a,

On completion of a is usually sui'i ciently set to permit removal of the boxing to form a new stag This is eiiected by lowering the fittings 2 until the upper projection 12 clears the slot 412' in the spreader 39 the bolt 7 sliding in the slot 8. [a latch 10 is then withdrawn in the spreader 39 and the Fiqs. 3 and P are placed a ross the up 381 0 I u A a edges oi the units 1 and engage with the project'ons 12 The latches 1O are also lowered with the slots 40 in the spreaders 39.

[in additional stage of concrete is then poured and the connect ons are shifted siiown in Fig. st so that the upper end of the link 3 is disconnected tron. the bolt T and is connected by scans of the bolt 6 to the short link e. The bolt 7 is slid upwardly in its slot 8 and is connected to the lower end of link 3 The cha: get positions of bolts 6 and 7 are indicated in An inspection of the new connectio will show that the links are in the same relation as in Fig. 2, except that the'units l and 1 with their connected fittings have interchanged places. Att'tcr pouring the stage in the nold termed by the un ts i in thei aised position, the stage 6 is sufficien to remove a. set the form and the units 1" are swung up in the manner just described in connection with the swir of the un ts 1. The cycle rep ated unt the top 0 -.e wall is reacl rt link iis shown connected to each of the links 3 and 3". This is preferred construction obviates the necessity of disconnecting two bolts and shifting the short link bodily. But it is clear that a single short link may be used instead of two short links and may be shifted from stud 5' in Fig. 8 to 5 in The toggle fitting for connecting the links to the bolts constitute my preferred construction one link to the other while at the same time providing a substantially firm anchorage when opened. The invention is, however, not limited to the double fastening on tie ctto it makes a rapid change from law) bolts but other equivalent fastening such as pins, nuts, and the like, may be used in stead of toggles illustrated in the drawings.

Links 3 and 3" in F 2 to 4 are somewhat loosely connected at their ends and are capable of su'liicient play'to move outwardly to clear the bolts 7 when the links are disconnected l romone bolt 7 and connected to the short arm through bolt 6 as shown in Fig. 4. It is, accordingly, unnecessary to 'disconnect the pins 27 and withdraw the bolts 7 through the slots when changing, but where a tight. fitting link is desired. this procedure may be adopted, although it is less advantageous, involving, as it does, two extra operations.

Figs. 10 to 13 are similar to Figs. 1 to 4 and illustrate a second preferred form of my invention in which four units of boxing are employed. This construction makes it possible to pour four successive layers without shitting forms and thus allows the lowest stage or section a longer time to set. This is of advantage where a slow setting concrete is used or where the perimeter of the wall is not very great as in the case of small buildings, such as concrete garages, and the like. Figs. 10 to 13 also illustrate the use of wire spreaders shown in Fig. 8. Other types of spreaders may be use andI prefer to use the adjustable and removable end spreader shown in F ig. 9, the provision of wire spreaders in these figures of the drawing being purely for the purpose of illustrating the use of this type of spreader and does not indicate that the wirespreader is particularly suitable 'in connection with the casting or insets.

The tour forms 1 on each side of the wall are provided with angle iron fittings 2 of the same shape as the fittings on the threeunit boxing shown in Figs. 1 to 4. Three links 3 of lengths slightly less than the angle iron fittings are used to connect the fittings, but instead of being provided with double studs 5 as shown in Figs. 2 to 4, they are provided with single studs 85 fitting into the grooves 11 of the angle irons. In the position shown in Fig. 11, the fitting 2' is connected to the lower end of link 8 by the bolt 7 which slides in the slot 8 The stud 35 of the link 3 fits in the groove 11. The upper end of the link 3 is connected to the link 14 by the bolt 16. The link 14 is of the same length as an angle iron fitting and is connected to the bolt 15 which passes through the center of the slot 8 in the angle iron 2. The angle irons 2 and .2 are joined by means otthe link '3 carrying the stud 35 which fits in the groove 11*. The lower end of the link 3 is in turn connected to the angle iron 2 by means of the bolt 7 at the upper end of the slot, while the upper end of the link 3""is connected to the fitting 2 by means or the bolt 17 in the lower end of the slot 8 In a similar manner, the angle iron fittings 2 and 2 are. joined by the link 3 carrying the stud 35 fitting in the groove 11. The lower end of the. link 3 is connected to the fitting 2 by means of the bolt 7 c at the upper end of the slot, while the upper end is connected to the fitting 2 by means of the bolt 17 fitting in the lower end of the slot 8. The bolts 7, 15, 16 and 17 are provided with pins and toggles in the. same manner as the corresponding bolts 7, 6 and in Figs. 2 to 5, but any otherdetachable connection may be used.

fter the stage a is set, the unit 1 is slid downwardly until the projections 1:2 on the fittings 2 are withdrawn from the slots 22 of the spreaders 9,". The latches are then withdwrawn from the slots 20* of the Spreaders 9 and the unit 1 is freed and is swung outwardly and upwardly by the links 3 and 14 about the pivot -into the position shown in Fig. 10, the unit 1 being rotated about the bolts 7 as pivots during the swing so as to present its lower edge to the spreader 9 The latches 10 are then engaged with the slots of the spreaders 9 and spreaders 9 are placed across the forms 1? engaging the projections 12 (see Fig. 10).

The mold defined by the units 1 in its raised position is then used to pour the fifth stage. On completion of the pouring when the stage 7) has set, the connections of the links are changed to the positionshown in Fig. 11. Bolt 16 is disconnecte-dfrom' link 3 and bolt 17 from link 3". Bolt 15 is then disconnected from link 14, removed from slotS and inserted in'slot 84. Link 14 is then connected to bolt 15 in the new position and bolt 16 is connected to the upper end of link 3 after removing bolt 17. This latter bolt is then used to. connect fitting 2 with link 3. A ter the change is completed and the bolts are in the positions shown in F 11, unit 1 can be swung up on top oi 1 by going through the same procedure described above in connection with the swinging of unit 1*. The cycle is then repeated until the top of the wall is reached.

Insets can be poured in the wall by the modification of linkage shown in Figs. 14 and 15 which illustrate a three stage linkage adapted for use in casting insets into walls. The figures show the staging after the inset unit has been swung into position. When comparing Figs. 14 and 15 with Fig. 3, which shows a straight three unit boxing after swinging the bottom unit on top of the two upper units, it will be seen that the change consists in connecting the end of the link 3? to the short adjustable link 23 provided with adjustment holes 24 instead of connecting it directly to the bolt 7 a in the fitting 2 This connection may be effected by the prolei;

vision of a bolt 25 uniting thetwo links.

shaoe of sn'eader 19 shown in Fi 6. A

1 l a latch 1O connects with an extra slot 33. A

shortspreader 28 of the same shape as the ordinary spreaders 9 is placed across the top of the forms 1 and is provided with slots 3 engaging with the projections 12. The linked connections are then shifted in the manner similar to Fig. 4 and after pouring the stage (Z, the unit 1 is swung into position about the pivot 5 a second adjusting link being interposed between the bolt 7' and the link 3".

Where it is desired to cast an inset or groove of a width of one stage and return it immediately to the former wall line, a spreader 28 of the shape of spreader 29 is used and the form 1 is swung without using a spacing link. A removable bottom board for the outward jut must then be provided which is illustrated in connection with the en'ibodiment of my invention shown in Figs. 16 and 17.

it is clear that any number of successive insets may be cast by using inset links of the proper length and I do not limit myself to the construction for use in casting single insets.

it further modification of the invention which can be used for casting jutting ledges is illustrated in Figs. 16 and 17. The drawings show the links in the position after the unit 1 has been swung up into position and the concrete poured.

The connections are similar to those shown in Fig. 3, except that instead of a link 4 of one-half the length of the fitting and turning on the stud 5 as a pivot, an adjustable full length link 30 is attached to the link 3 at its center, the stud 5 being connected to the desired wall 31. The opposite end of the offset link 30 is then connected to the upper end of the link 3 by the bolt 32. Form 1 is then swung on the bolt 32 as a pivot to the position shown in Figs. 16 and 17, the length of the off-set being determined by the length of the oft-set link 30. When the stage (Z has been poured, the fitting 2 is connectec to the swinging linkage through a second adjustable link so as to swing into position on top of the spreader 18, the swing being made from the bottom of link 30 as a pivot. in a similar manner, form 1 is swung after a further stage is poured and thereafter the adjustable link is dispensed with and the usual one-half length link shown in Figs. 2 to i is used to swing u the forms. length of the outset is determined by connecting the bolt with the stud 5 to theattaching hole 31 in the offset link 30. The lengthened spreader 19, shown in Fig. 7, is used and an auxiliary bottom board 15' is inserted in order to form a flat form for the concrete poured in the off-set sections. Spreaders 18 are used to lock with the projections 12 these spreaders being of the same shape as the spreaders 9 but of greater length.

The wall can be continued with the increased thickness or it may be immediately inset to the former thickness. Offsets and insets of. different width may also be combined in various sequences as will appear to those skilled in the art, the thickness being determined by the adjustment of the offset or inset links.

The present invention is applicable to any type or form of construction, whether wood or metal and the length of the units can be adjusted to permit easy swinging. In general, with wooden form units of average thickness, 1 find that about 12 feet is a desirable length of form for straight wall work, but longer or shorter lengths may be used. T he height may vary, but I prefer to use heights of about 1 to 2- feet. The fittings 2 are usually placed about every three feet, but the spacing may be varied depending on the weight of the form units, the fittings being sufficiently close to provide for a firm swinging of the units.

In the preferred modification illustrated in the drawings, I have shown the use of angle iron fittings and I find that this type of fitting is very satisfactory for most forms but it should be understood that the invention is in no wise limited to the particular shape of the fittings and other shapes may be used, such as T-shapes and the like which provide for the attaching face to the form and a projecting face to carry the link pivots.

The spreaders may be combined with reinforcements for the concrete "all in any suitable mann-er and in general any construction which provides for locking means to prevent lateral spreading of the forms may be used in the place of spreaders.

I have shown two preferred modifications consisting in three-unit and four-unit boxings, respectively, and for most purposes I find that it is unnecessary to go beyond four units. However, my invention is not limited to the use of three or four units and it will be clear to those skilled in the art that a greater number of units may be used by combining short and long swinging links corresponding to the links 4L and 14: shown The in the drawings in order to produce a swing of the desired length. Thus, for example, in a five-forn'i unit, it would be necessary to use a swinging link 1 times as long as the individual unit fittings. In a six-stage construction, the swinging link would be twice the length of the fitting.

The swinging links may be provided with holes at both ends as shown in the drawings or they may be perforated for their whole length so that any swinging link can be used either for a straight swing or as an inset or oil set link interchangeably. Other and further modifications ot theinvention willbe clear to those skilled in the art and are in tended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

What I claim is:

1. Concrete. wall boxing comprising in combination a .series of at least three lateral boxing units for each side of the wall, said units being connected by linkages, means for progressively swinging the lowest unit on top of the top unit without disconnecting the swinging unit during the swing, and means for permitting rotation of the unit about a horizontal axis during the swing.

2. Concrete wall boxing comprising in combination a series of at least three lateral boxing units for each side of the wall connected together through linkages and locked against lateral movement by detachable looking spreaders, means for swinging the lowest unit on top of the top unit without disconnecting the swinging unit from the other units during the swing, and means for permitting rotation of the swinging units about a horizontal axis during the swing.

8. Concrete wall boxing comprising in combination a series of lateral boxing units for each side of the wall connected together through linkages, means for progressively swinging the lowest unit to the levelof the top of the top unit but into a plane parallel to, but horizontally spaced from, the plane of the upper units, and means for permitting rotation of the swinging unit about a horizontal axis during the swing.

4. Concrete wall boxing comprising in combination aseries of at least three lateral boxing units for each side of the wall, fittings on the outside of said units at laterally spaced intervals, the fittings on each unit being in the same vertical lines with corresponding fittings on the other units of the series, locking spreade-rs detachably connecting corresponding units of the two series and preventing lateral movement when locked, detachable connecting links joining the central portion of vertically adjacent fittings and being slightly shorter than the height of the boxing unit, a swinging link ofthe same length as the connecting links and detachably and pivotal'ly connected to the center of progressively each lower fitting, pivots connected to the upper fittings of the same row and situated one-half way between the upper edge o1 the lowest boxing unit and the upper edge of the top unit, and a link joining the pivot and the swinging link and detachably connected to the latter.

5. Concrete wall boxing according to claim 4- in which the links are s'lidably attached to the fittings to permit limited vertical movemerit.

Concrete wall boxing comprising in combination two series of at least three lat-- eral boxing units, oneseries for 611 Side of the wall, angle iron fittings on each unit and arranged in vertical rows with corre' irons of the lowest units, pivots connected to the upper unit fittings at a position one-half way between the upper edge of the lowest unit and the upper edge of the top unit, and links mounted on the pivots and detachably connected to the upper ends of the swinging links.

7. Concrete wall boxing comprising in combination two series of at least three lateral boxing units, one series for each side of the wall, each unit being provided with angle iron fittings arranged to form vertical rows with the corresponding fittings on the other units and being opposite. corresponding fitting rows of the boxing units on the opposite side of the wall, said angle irons being attached by one face to the units and extending vertically, a. projection on the face parallel to the unit and extending above the unit, an off-set slidable latch on the lower end of said face reaching in its extended position below the lower edge of the unit, a circular groove at the upper end. of the angle iron face perpendicular to the unit and flush with the top of the unit, locking spreaders provided with the s'lots at their ends and adapted to engage the projections and latches on the fittings and to prevent lateral movement of the fittings when locked. links of length slightly less than the vertical height of a unit and connecting vertica ly adjacent angle irons by means of detachable bolts pivoted in the ends of the links and sliding in the slots of the angle irons, said links carrying central projections registering with the grooves in the top of the angle irons, swinging links of the same shape as the connecting links and connected to bolts sliding in the slots of the angle irons of the lowest units, pivots connected to the fittings of the upper units one-half way between the upper edge of the lowest unit and the upper edge of the top unit, and links mounted on said pivots joining the pivots to the swinging links and detachably connected to the latter.

8 Concrete wall boxing of the type claimed in claim 7 and adapted for the casting of insets, in which the bolts which slide in the central slots of the angle iron of the lowest units are connected to the lowest ends of the swinging links through additional adjustable links.

9. Concrete wall boxing according to claim 7 and containing an odd number of units in each series, in which the central projections of the connecting links are extended to form pivots for the links connected to the swinging links. I

10. Concrete well boxing according to claim 7 in which an even number of units are present in each series and in which the pivots, to which the swinging links are oined by the joining links, are formed by bolts slidable in the center of the central slots of the upper angle iron fittings.

Signed at New York, New York, this 15th day of August, 1925.

ALBERT COOPER.

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