US1748951A - Method of inserting fasteners - Google Patents

Description

March 4, 1930. is OKIN 1,748, 51

METHOD OF INSERTING FASTENERS Original Filed 001;. 9. 1922 Fig.1. Fig.2. Fig.3.

Patented Mar. 4, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE I SYLVESTER LEO GOOKIN, OF QUINGY, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO UNITED SHOE MACHINERY CORPORATION, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY Application filed October 9, 1922, Serial No. 598,358. Renewed April 24, 1926:

This invention relates to methods of inserting fasteners and particularly to methodsof inserting lacing devices, such as eyelets, through one or more of several la ers of ma- 5 terial and clenching the ends of t eir barrels between adjacent layers of the material.

When eyelets are so inserted in the manufacture of shoes the operation is known as blind eyeleting or invisible eyeleting. In blind in eyeleting the eyelet is inserted through the outer layer so that the flange of the eyelet is visible in the finished shoe. In invisible eyeleting the eyelet is inserted in the inner layer, that is, the lining or facingfand the end of the barrel is clenched between the outer layer and the adjacent layer, which is usually the stay material between the outer layer and the inner layer. Accordingly, the eyelet is not visible on the exterior of the shoe.

It is characteristic of both of these operations that the eyelet is inserted through one or more layers of the material from the side opposite to that from which the setting tool enters and that the end of the barrel of the 23 eyelet is clenched between adjacent layers of the material. At the present time most of the work of thischaracter is invisible eyeleting and in that work very troublesome practical difficulties and disadvantages have developed. 3') In my efforts toremedy these conditions I have invented this novel method. Accordingly, the improved method will be set forth with reference particularly to its application to invisible eyeleting, although. in many of 33 its aspects it is not so limited.

In the operation of invisible eyeleting, as heretofore commonly practised, the setting tool is inserted through the outer layer of upper leather and through the other layers,

43 usually comprisingan'eyelet stay of reinforc- 'ing material and a lining or a facing of thinner leather than the upper leather. It is essential to the proper performance of that operation that the end of the eyelet barrel 4 shall pass through the inner layers of material, usually, as above stated, the linin or the facing and thestay, and shall be clenc ed between the outer la er and the stay. This requires that before t e eyelet is clenched the outer layer must be forced past the setting shoulder of the setting tool and such forcing of the outer layer past the shoulder of the tool must be effected by the eyelet. fore been the universal practice in this operation to use eyelets which are formed, incic lentally to the Well-known methods by which they are manufactured, with an edge at the end of the barrel which during the operation of drawing the barrel is made much thinner than the normal thicknessof the material of which the eyelet is formed, and this ed e is sharp and ragged. It has frequently appened that the outer layer was not forced completely or properly past the setting shoulder and in such instances the sharpedge of the eyelet barrel has cut into and mutilated the inner face of the outer layer of upper fiaalther and weakened the material about the o e. been improperly clenched or has failed altogether to clench. For example, it has sometimes happened that the end of the eyelet barrel passed the setting shoulder of the setting tool without clenching and extended upwardly through the lacing hole. This has necessitated the removal of the eyelet and the insertion of another eyelet. At other times the eyelet prongs instead of clenching between the upper leather and the stay pro'ected into the substance of the upper leat er, being .clearly visible from the exterior of the shoe.

When this happened, if the work .could be repaired at all and if the standard of quality admitted, it wasnecessary to pound the upper leather at and around the lacing hole to flatten down the eyelet and work the leather toward the hole in an attempt to conceal the poor clenching. Much more frequently the prongs of the eyelet have caught in the fibres of the flesh side of the upper leather, so that It has hereto- Often the end of the eyelet barrel has blesome that it has been practically impossible to produce satisfactory work.

In setting eyelets in accordance with the novel method of this invention a setting tool .is inserted on the outer side of thelayers of material, and there is then advanced into contact with the work on the other side of the layers of material an eyelet having the end of its barrel deformed or otherwise especially shaped to provide effective engagement wit the face of the stock. The eyelet herein shown is formed with the edge at the end of the barrel thickened so that the edge is thicker than the material of which the barrel is made so as to engage the surface of the stock at points removed from but adjacent to the lacing hole as well as substantially at the edge of the hole. In the exemplification of the 'method herein set forth with reference to its application to conditions commonly encountered in the manufacture of shoes, the thickened end of the eyelet barrel is forced against the setting shoulder of the tool until the resistance which the stock offers-to the passage of the thickened end of the eyelet barrel the outer layer, the end of the eyelet barrel having meanwhile been expanded by the setting tool so that the external diameter of the end of the eyelet barrel is maintained greater than the diameter of the hole in the outer layer of the material; the thickened end of the eyelet barrel is then thrust against the outer layer and forces that layer completely past the shoulder of the tool and in the expansion of the eyelet during the setting operation the thickened end will be forced outwardly between the upper layer and the adjacent layer. Finally the setting of the eyelet will be completed with the thickened end clenched between the upper layer and the adjacentlayer.

lhe practice of the method of this invention has overcome the difficulties heretofore encountered in invisible eyeleting, since it has been demonstrated that under the various conditions obtaining in such work this method can be relied upon to set eyelets properly between the outer layer and an adjacent layer the material and pushes the material toward hole in the outer layer. Furthermore, in the practice of this method it is practicable to .employ eyelets having smaller entering ends than have heretofore been used in invisible eyeletin and to employ a setting tool having a pi 6t and setting shoulder correspondingly reduced in diameter.

Referring to the accompanying drawings which exemplify the practice of the present invention in a preferred manner,

Figs. 1 to 7 are sectional views on an en la'rgedv scale illustrating selected stages in the setting of an invisible eyelet in a shoe upper according to the present novel method; and

Fig. 8 is a perspective view on a still larger scale showing an eyelet of a type which may be used in practicing this invention.

In the accompanying drawings a shoe upper in which invisible eyelets are to be inserted is illustrated as madeu of an outer layer-10 of upper leather, an inner layers consistingof alining or facing 12 of leather and an eyelet stay 14 of woven fabric.

In setting eyelets in accordance with the novel method of this invention as exemplified in the drawings, a setting tool 16 is inserted from the outer side of the layers of the shoe upper. Conveniently, and as herein illustrated in Figure 1, this may be a combined punch and set, co-operating with a punch .block 18 to punch the lacing hole in the usual manner. In using such a combined tool, after the lacing hole has been punched, the setting tool and the work are moved relatively to the punch block and an eyelet 20 supported u on a lower set, 22 having a spindle 24. is

a vanced intov engagement with the work.

on the other side of the layers of material, the spindle 24 of the lower set alining with the setting tool 16 as shown in Fig. 2. The eyelet used has the end of its barrel deformed or otherwise especially shaped to provide effective engagement with the face of the stock. The illustrated'eyelet 20 is provided with a tapering barrel 26 having its end deformed to provide a thickened edge 28 and its barrel is scored as shown at 30 to facilitate the bursting of the eyelet barrel as it is set; It will be observed that the end of the eyelet barrel engages the face of the stock at points outside of and removed from but adjacent to the hole in the stock as well as substantially at the edge of the hole.

Afterthe eyelet has been advanced into the position shown in Fig. 2 the end of the eyelet barrel is forced against the inner layer of the material, through relative movement of the upper and lower sets, thereby pushing the material along the pilot 32 of'the setting tool 16 until'the resistance which the material offers to the passage of the eyelet barrel is overcome. Then the end of the eyelet barrel is forced through the hole in the inner la ers, first through the lining or facing (Fig. 3% and then through the eyelet stay (Fig. 4) into engagement with the layer nearest to the setting shoulder of the I 01, that is the outer layer of upper leathe the .e elet barrel meanwhile being expanded so tl iat the external diameter of its end is maintained greater than the diameter of the hole in the upper leather. Then the thickened end 5 of the eyelet barrel is thrust against the upper leather and forces that layer completely past the setting shoulder 34. An abut- -ment indicated at 36 may conveniently be used for preventing the upper leather from being pushed too far past the'setting shoulder of the tool. During further relative movement of the upper and lower sets the eyelet barrel bursts, the prongs of the barrel are forced outwardly and then downwardly between the upper leather and the eyelet stay, and finally the clenching of the eyelet between those layers is completed. Fig. 5 of the drawings illustrates the condition of the work when the thickened end of the eye- 3 let barrel haspushed the upper leather past the setting shoulder and has commenced to burst, the ends of the prongs having started out between the layers of material, while Fig. 6 shows the final stage of the clenching operation and Fig. 7 the completed work.

In the foregoing description of the novel method it has been stated that the thickened end of the eyelet barrel breaks through the hole in the lining or facing and in the eye- 40. let stay and is thrust against the inner face of the upper leather thus forcing the upper leather completely past the setting shoulder. This is what usually takes place but the conditions may be such, for example if the upper leather is comparatively soft, that the thrust of the thickened end of the eyelet barrel transmitted through the substance ofthe lining or facing and the eyelet stay may push the upper leather completely past the 5 ,setting shoulder before the thickened end of the eyelet barrel breaks through the lining or facing and the eyelet stay. In such a case the thrust ofthe thickened end of the eyelet barrel ultimately pushes the upper leather past the setting shoulder by acting upon it" indirectly instead of by direct en agement with the inner face ofthe upper leat er.

It has been found in the practice of the novel method ofthis invention that the heretofore very troublesome tendency of the ends of the eyelet prongs to pass into the hole in the upper leather during the setting operation, to embed themselves in the substance of the upper leather, or to catch in .the fiber of the flesh side of the upper leather is obviated with a very great improvement in the resulting eyeleting. Moreover, this method permits the use of an eyelet having the usual relatively large flange 38 with a good sized opening therein and a barrel having an unusually small and smooth entering end, thus permitting the use of a setting tool havin a smaller p lot and a smaller setting shoulder than it has heretofore been practicable to employ. This produces lacing holes-in the upper leather of the small size demanded by the trade, while at the same time roviding openings in the clenched eyelets o ample size for the insertion of a lacing.

The manipulations of the eyelets, the work i and the setting tool required for the practice of this method may be carried out by a machine such as that illustrated in United States Letters Patent 1,205,277, ranted Nov.

21, 1916, on an application bf alter Shaw. However, the novel method of the present invention is not limited to the use of a machine having a combined punch and set, as shown in that patent, nor is it dependent upon the use of any particular apparatus. It should be noted, moreover, that in many of its aspects the invention is not limited to the setting of invisible eyelets and the claims should not be so construed except so far as their terms may require.

The eyelet which is illustrated in the present exemplification of the novel method of this invention is not herein claimedbut is claimed in my 00- ending application Serial No. 658,991, filed ugust 2a, 1923.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. The improved method of setting eyelets in a plurality of layers of material which comprises inserting a setting tool on one side of the layers of material, advancing an eyelet having a barrel thickened at itsend to bring the thickened end of the eyelet barrel into engagement with the material on the other saidlayer'thus forcing that layer complete-. 'ly past said setting shoulder, and clenching the thickened end of the eyelet barrel between said layer and an adjacent layer of the material.

2. The improved method of setting eyelets in a plurality of layers of material which "comprises inserting the pilot of a setting tool on one side of the layers of material, advancing an eyelet having a barrel thickened at its end to bring said thickened end of the eyelet barrel into engagement with the material on the other side outside of and adjacent to the hole in the material in which the eyelet is tothickened end of the eyelet barrel through the layers of material into engagement with the layer nearest to the setting shoulder of the tool, meanwhile expanding the e elet barrel so that the external diameter 0 the end of the eyelet barrel is maintained greater than the diameter of the hole in the layer nearest to the setting shoulder of the tool, and thrusting the thickened end of the eyelet barrel against that layer and thereby forcing that layer completely past said setting shoulder.

3. The improved method of setting eyelets in a shoe upper which comprises inserting the pilot of a setting tool through the outer layer, the reinforcingmaterial and the facing of said upper, advancing an eyelet having the end of its barrel deformed to provide effective engagement with the material of the shoe upper to bring the deformed end of the eyelet barrel into engagement with said" facing at points removed from but adjacent to the hole in the upper through which the pilot of said setting tool passes, forcing the deformed end of the eyelet barrel against the facing and thereby pushing the upper materials along the pilot of the setting tool until the resistance which the upper materials ofier to the passage of the deformed end of the eyelet barrel through the facing and reinforcing material is overcome, advancing the eyelet barrel through the facing and reinforcing material into engagement with the inner face of the outer layer at points removed from but adjacent to said hole, then pushing the outer layer completely past the setting shoulder of the tool by forcing the deformed end of the eyelet barrel against the inner face of the outer layer, and clenching the deformed end of'the eyelet barrel between said outer layer and' an adjacent layerof the upper.

4. The improved method of setting eyelets in a plurality of layers of material which comprises inserting a setting tool on one side of the layers of material, advancing into en gagement with the other side of the material an eyelet having its barrel shaped to provide effective engagement of the end of the eyelet barrel with the material at points removed from but adjacent to the hole in the material in which the setting tool is inserted, forcing the end of the eyelet barrel against the layers of material and thereby pushing the layers of material toward the setting shoulder of the tool, advancing the eyelet barrel through the layers of material into engagement with the layer nearest tween said layer and an adjacent layer of the material;

5. That im rovement in methods of inserting barreled asteners in a plurality of layers of'material and clenching the ends of the fastener barrels between adjacent layers of the material which'is characterized by the.

fact that, during relative movement of a fastener and a setting tool, the end of the fastener barrel is forced against'the material at points removed from but adjacent to a hole in the material and thereby ultimately pushes the la er of material nearest to the setting shoul er past said shoulder. A

6. The improved method of inserting eyelets in a plurality of layers of material which comprises insertmg a setting tool on one side of the layers of material, advancing an eyelet having the end of its barrel deformed to provide effective engagement with the face of the material to bring the end of the barrel 7 into engagement with the other side of the material at points removed from but adjacent to the hole in which the eyelet is to be inserted, imparting to the eyelet and the setting tool the relative movement necessary to effect the setting of the eyelet and in the course of such relative movement forcing the deformed end of the eyelet barrel against the material, thereby pushing the material toward the setting shoulder of the tool and ultimately forcing the'layer nearest to the setting shoulder of the tool past said settin shoulder.

7. The improved metho of inserting fasteners in a plurality of layers of material which comprises inserting a setting tool on one side of the material, advancing a fastener having a barrel thickened at its entering end to bring said thickened end into enga ement with the material on the other side, orcing the thickened end of the fastener barrel against the material, thus pushing the material toward the setting shoulder of the tool, ultimately forcing the layer nearest to the settin shoulder of the tool past said setting shoul er, and clenching the thickened end of the fastener barrel between adjacent layers of the material. v p

8. The improved method of inserting eyelets in a plurality of layersof material which comprises inserting a setting tool on one side of the layers of material, advancing an eyelet having the end of its barrel shaped to provide effective engagement with the face, of the material to bring the end of the barrel into engagement with the other side of the material both at points removed from the hole in which the eyelet is to be inserted and at points at the edge of the hole, imparting to the eyelet and the setting tool the relative movement necessa to efi'ect the setting of the eyelet, and in t e course of such relative movement forcing the end of the eyelet barrel against the material, thereby pushing the material toward the setting shoulder of the tool, forcin the layer nearest to the setting shoulder 0 the tool past said settin shoulder, and clenching the eyelet barrel %etween adjacent layers.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

SYLVESTER LEO GOOKIN.

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