US1952910A - Polisher with reservoir - Google Patents

Description

March 27, 1934. A. G. DECKER POLISHER WITH RESERVOIR Filed Nov. 14, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet l snow H 01,

lllltvlllll March 1934. A. G. DECKER 1,952,910

POLISHER WITH RESERVOIR Filed Nov. 14, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Q 2 1 I Q Q Z] wuentot 9 W Patented Mar. 27, 1934 PATENT" OFFICE POLISHER WITH RESERVOIR Alonzo G. Decker, Baltimore, Md., assignor to The Black & Decker Manufacturing Company,

Towson, Md., a. corporation of Maryland Application November 14, 1930, Serial No. 495,637

5 Claims.

The art of cleaning lacquered and similar surfaces particularly the surfaces of motor vehicle bodies, and applying a thin film of wax which is thus brought to a high polish, has been performed by hand with a reasonable degree of success. In accordance with the practice as thus developed, the process consists in first cleaning the car by washing it with water with or without a chemical solvent. When it has been satisfactorily cleaned, Wax is spread on the surface and rubbed in by hand until the work attains a sufiicient gloss. To perform this operation in a satisfactory manner requires a great deal ofcare and consumes so much time that cleaning and waxing in this way is quite expensive. 7

As a substitute for the hand method, the assignee of the present application has developed a method of polishing by the use of a portable power driven rotary tool which has proved highly successful. This consists in rotating a wool or similar pad in close contact with the work, the pad being moved at a peripheral speed of from 1600 to 4000 feet per minute. In connection with this operation, a cleaning and polishing compound in liquid form is used, the liquid ingredients being preferably such as to evaporate quickly under the action of the polishing pad and the draft or windage created by it so that the cleaning elements of the dirt coating dissolved by the liquid are thrown off in the form of powder leaving an oily waxy residue which is immediately attached or caused to' adhere to the surface and brought to the proper lustre.

In the practice of the applicants method referred to, a cleaning and polishing liquid which in the preferred form consists of a fineabrasive, water, a hydrocarbon solvent for greaseand a small amount of wax in suspension is spread thinly upon the surface to be cleaned, the pad rotating at the speeds specified is then held in contact with the surface and passed over the surface to be treated.

To spread the cleaning and polishing material over the surface in this way preliminary to polishing, involves something in the nature of a hand operation prior to the effective use of the portable power operating means by which the pad is rotated.

The object of the present invention is to avoid the necessity for the preliminary hand operation by feeding the cleaning and polishing compound automatically to the operative surface of the pad while the pad is either stationary or rotating and prior to the final polishing operation.

In accordance with the preferred operation of equipped in accordance with one form of the inobservation, the polishing reservoir and a porthe tool the polishing compound which is a fine liquid, is fed through the pad when the latter is not rotating, the pad being held against the surface to be polished so that the liquid runs on to the surface and is spread around by moving the pad over the desired area. The feed being then shut off, the motor is started and the polishing operation proceeded with as previously outlined. The apparatus comprises a portable electric polisher equipped with a disklike polishing pad mounted on the tool and provided with an outlet leading from the reservoir through the spindle of the tool and into the central portion of the pad. The equipment also includes a valve arrangement on the reservoir and a spring feeding device so that the liquid can be fed as required though the spring feed isnot always essential. Y

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated a' portable power driven rotary pOlisher embodying the features of my invention in the preferred form.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation of a polishing tool vention. I

Figure 2 is a fragmentary elevation on a somewhat larger scale and from the same point o'f tion of the spindle and connecting parts being shown in vertical central section. g

Figure 3 is a top plan view of the reservoir and a fragment of the controlling lever.

Figure 4 is a vertical central section of the tool taken through the axis of the spindle, the motor casing being shown fragmentarily inclevation. In this view another type of valve control is shown. 1

Figure'5 is atop elevation of the construction shown in Figure 4 on a smaller scale.

Referring to the drawings bynumerals, each of which is used to indicate the same or similar parts in the different figures, the construction shown in Figure 1 comprises a motor housing 1, having a gear casing 2 secured to one end of the housing and a hand grip 3 secured to the other end. The grip or grip casing 3 preferably encloses a suitable switch mechanism and is provided with a projecting switch lever 4, whichmay be in the form of a trigger or similar device. The motor shaft 5, Figure 4, is shown as provided with a pinion 6, which meshes with a gear 7 connected to the spindle 8 to rotate therewith in any convenient way as by means of key 9. The spindle 8 is mounted in bearings 10, 11in the gear casing in which it is located at right angles to the motor shaft 5, projecting downwardly from gear casing 2.

The spindle 8 is provided on its projecting end with a polishing disk 12 of any suitable type, the preferred type being shown. This disk 2 is held on the spindle by means of interengaging threads 14 n orme eht u e end 6 o th spindle and a corresponding opening in the disk or disk support 17. The spindle is also shouldered at 18 to position the disk and the latter is further secured by a nut 19 on the lower end of the shaft which nut enters a depression in the disk not fully illustrated.

The construction further includes in the preferred form a longitudinal duct 20 extending from one end to the other of the spindle and terminating at its lower end in a downwardly disposed opening 21 at the lower end of the spindle adjacent the operative surface 22 of the pad 24.

Th nvent al o re a e o he hre eien a the ot n of h p ndle 9 a e oir -5 wh ch in t m o h n ion ho n ha a ce ra shan 6 extending downwar ly from its bottom wall. This is threaded into the gear easing n it reduced ew r end 2' ent rs a ce es n g ock 28 n t e up er nd of th sp ndl h i a learan e Se li ht a to pr vent h e cape oi e ol shin ma ial.- Th ehehh 26 is pr ded it e ee tradu 2.9 extending downwardly from a valve seat 30 in the bottom of the re e oir ahtl eehheet he a t le er nd ith the ue 20 n th s nd e, Th re oir 5 s shewn as n th erm f a lin e er e uivalent e e ru ien eeht inin a i ton 31 m un ed 9 l e tree/1 th re n u h vin a .1 4 t gh en a em n with th ey inde Wal While the piston may be of any suitable conetrue ieh, in h te m hown. i is very mu h li th crd rv th pump pistons includin t u u the s amed wa her 2: The o e n i h cup being disposed downwardly toward the liquid being fed tends to inflate it against the walls an revent leaka e of t s iq id past the pi st h a ho is p vided with a bu i 33 which operates as a slide bearing for the valve stem 3 Th s member .33 is Shown as p e at its upper end with an angular nut or head 35 which bears against an upper metal disk '75, and has a downwardly projecting threaded member 36 which may engage corresponding threads in the aperture 3'7 in a metal disk or plate 38 inside the cup washer 32 holding the latter in position and holding the piston parts in their assembled relation.

The polishing compound is retained at 39 in the lower end of the cylinder and the piston 31 is pressed down against the polishing compound which is preferably liquid by means of a helical compression spring 40 located in the upper end against the cylinder head or cover 41 and at its lower end against the piston 31.

The cap or head 41, Figure 4, is shown as takng ove t n e the y inder ha n a t r d n a m n therewi at 42 and is P id d r erehly in e eeh a lo at on h a threaded p nng ,3- This hre ded open n c a a screw plus 44 engag n the th ead i the p i nd having at its upper end a knurled head 45, the plug and head being secured to the upper end of the valve stem 34, the lower end of which is provided with a valve member 46 which engages and cooperates with the valve seat 30 at the bottom of th r ervoir and at he u p r en or the d ct 29, 20, where it leaves the bottom of the reser voir 25.

In the operation of the apparatus of this type, the pad 24 being placed on the surface to be cleaned, the valve 46 is opened by unscrewing the plug 44, engaging the same by the knurled head which may be connected to the spindle 34 either positively so as to rotate the valve, or otherwise so as to merely raise it as preferred. A very slight opening such as can conveniently be obtained in this way, is sufficient to permit just the right amount of liquid to flow downward on to the surface to be treated, indicated at 46, and the pad and tool being moved by hand, the pad being preferably not rotated at the time though it may be rotated if desired, the compound is spread over the desired area of surface following which the valve is closed and the pad operated by means of the .IllQtOX to give the desired effect of cleaning and polishing as already outlined.

Referring now to the type o machine illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the arrangement of the motor housing 1, gear casing 2, spindle 8 and reservoir or cylinder 25 is the same in both constructions as is also the piston 31 and valve stem slide bearing 33 therein.

The valve stem 50 and the cylinder head 51 are, however, differently arranged. The cylinder head or cover 51 is provided with a central slide bearing 52 extending in the direction of the axis and the valve stem 50 is mounted to slide therein as well as in the bearing 35 which latter is sufficiently tight to prevent the escape of the liquid. In the construction shown the spindle 5.0 carrying the valve 56, instead of being operated by a screw thread, slides through the head 51 in the direction of its length, the valve being normally closed by means of a coil or helical spring 57 wh ch en e t n n a t b co lar 5 secured to the valve stem and at the other end bears against the bottom surface 59 of the cylinder cover or head 51. The valve stem 50 extends well above the cylinder head 51 in the closed position of the valve and is provided at its upper end with a shoulder or head 60 which is engaged from beneath by the forked or other suitable apertured end 61 of a hand lever 62 which extends longitudinally of the motor housing 1 and gear casing 2 along the top of the same, being pivotally mounted at 63 on the motor housing just for v wardly of the center of the lever which is shaped to conform to the general contour of the top side of the apparatus. The rear end of lever 62 has a thumb rest or presser end at 64 in convenient relation to the grip 3. The rear or manually engaged end of the lever 62 is supported in any suitable manner as by means of a spring stud or button 65 located on the motor housing so that it is held normally out of engagement with the head 60 of the valve stem, permitting the valve to remain normally closed.

When in the operation of the tool it is desired to spread the liquid over the surface to be treated, the motor being preferably stopped, the rear end or operable end 64 of the hand lever 62 is pressed downwardly by the thumb of the operator, swinging the forward end of the same, i. e., the apertured end 61, upwardly against the head 60 of the valve stem which stem is thereby raised, raising the valve 56 from its seat and permitting any desired amount of the liquid to escape. The valve 56 is thus so conveniently and quickly opened and closed that the liquid may be most uniformly and economically distributed over the surface to be treated. When the polishing compound has been thus spread on the surface, the hand lever is released and the valve permitted to close by the operation of the spring 57, and the switch lever 4 being pressed, the pad is placed in rotation and the cleaning and polishing operation completed.

I have thus described specifically and in detail a polishing tool having a reservoir for the polishing compound and a valve means therein embodying the features of my invention in different alternative forms, however, the specific terms herein are used descriptively rather than in a limiting sense, the scope of the invention being defined in the claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a hand controlled manually portable power driven rotary cleaning and polishing tool having a hand grip a hollow spindle, means supporting a polishing pad thereon, a reservoir for cleaning and polishing liquid connected to the upper end of said spindle passage, said hollow forming a passage for liquid from said reservoir to said pad, a piston in said reservoir operating to force the liquid through said passage, a valve controlling said passage and means extending upwardly through said piston for operating said valve to deliver a supply of liquid to the pad at the will of the operator and to discontinue the same, said valve operating means sliding freely through said piston, and including manually engaged means immediately adjacent said grip so that the valve can be operated by the gripping hand without releasing the grip.

2. In a hand controlled manually portable power driven rotary cleaning and polishing tool a hollow spindle, means supporting a polishing pad thereon, a reservoir for cleaning and polishing liquid connected to the upper end of said passage, said hollow forming a passage for liquid from said reservoir leading to the pad, a spring pressed piston in said reservoir operating to force the liquid through said passage, a valve controlling said passage and manually engaged means extending upwardly through said piston into convenient reach of the operator, said manually engaging means sliding freely through the piston in operating said valve to control the supply of liquid to the pad.

3. In a hand controlled manually portable power operated cleaning and polishing tool, said tool having a hand grip and being of the rotary type of tool having a rotary hollow spindle, means for operating the same and means for securing a polishing pad to the lower end of the spindle and said tool, a reservoir for cleaning and polishing liquid mounted on the said tool, said hollow providing a passage for liquid from the reservoir to the pad, a spring operated piston in the reservoir to apply pressure to the liquid and force the liquid through said passage, a valve controlling said passage, a spring tending to close the valve and a lever immediately adjacent the hand grip and adapted to be enclosed within and operated by the operators hands in holding the tool for controlling the valve.

4. In a manually controlled and supported power operated portable cleaning and polishing tool of the rotary type having a hollow spindle, means for operating the same and means for securing a polishing pad to the lower end of the spindle, a reservoir for polishing compound mounted on said tool, said hollow providing a passage for liquid in passing from the reservoir to the pad, a spring operated piston in the reservoir operating toforce the liquid through said passage, a valve controlling said passage, a spring tending to close the valve, the tool having a hand grip, a switch immediately adjacent said grip, and a lever for operating said valve against the spring having an engaging portion immediately adjacent the grip.

5. In a manually controlled and portable power driven polishing tool of the rotary type having a hand grip and hollow spindle, means for securing a polishing pad to the lower end of the latter, a reservoir, a hollow in the spindle serving as a passage for polishing liquid from the reservoir to the pad, a valve controlling said passage, a piston in the reservoir for applying pressure to the liquid tending to force it through said passage, a spring tending to advance the piston and expel the liquid through the passage to the pad, said piston having an opening, and the valve having a stem sliding freely through and fitting in said opening and means in the form of a lever having a manually engaged portion in close relation to said hand grip for operating the valve, at the will of the operator and by means of the gripping hand.

ALONZO G. DECKER.

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