US1995615A - Motor fuel - Google Patents

Description

' basic hydroxy acids such as malic and tartaric Wuteuled or. 2, 1935 1,995,615 Moron FUEL No Drawing. Application September 1, 1931,

Serial No. 560,665

3 Claims. (Cl. 44-9) This invention relates to motor fuels and more tail in connection with the following specific particularly to motor fuels containing gumexamples:

forming unsaturated compounds such as, for ex- Exam le 1 ample, cracked gasoline. These fuels are highly p desirable because of their excellent anti-knock 2-6 pounds of Pentasol acetate are mixed 5 properties, but the tendency to form a colored with 100 barrels of cracked gasoline, producing gum, especially under the influence of sunlight, a-well stabilized product.

renders them objectionable particularly where Example 2 they are sold in the so-called visible dispensing pumps and are subject to the action of sunlight. /zpounds 1 m hyl nthrflnllate are added 10 It has been proposed to stabilize the fuel by to 100 barrels of cracked gasoline, producing a the-addition of components which tend to pre m I fu of 11 ili yvent the formation of the colored gums. In the Example 3 past, two such stabilizers have been described,

1!; namely, anthracene, phenanthrene and phenols /2 pounds of yl phthalate are mixed 15 and acid amines of aromatic amines such as with 100 barrels of cked gasoline, resulting in acctanilide. I have found that esters of cara Well stabilized motor fuel. boxylic acids are good stabilizers. While the Example 4 lower molecular esters such as esters of fatty acids may be used with effect, the esters oi higher Pounds of ethyl bemoylbenzoate are added as molecular acidsand particularly polybaslc acids to 100 barrels of asoline, esultin in a product and keto aromatic acids are preferable. of satisfactory stability.

Among the esters of aliphatic acids are the Example 5 alwl esters of formic, acetic, propionic, butyric,

26 etc., particularly esters of the higher alcohols M r n f dlmethyl maleate are added as such as t butyl and mi t including the to 100 barrels of gasoline. A well stabilized gasoesters from the mixed amyl alcohols obtained by line is 013158111941- the hydrolysis of chlorinated pentanes from nat- 7 Example 6 v ural gas and sold on the market under the name 24 pounds of methyl pymmucate are mixed w of Pentasol. Glycerin esters are less eflective t 10 barrels of 395011116, thorgughly m... than the esters of mono and dihydric alcohols but bilized product being obtained.

are included in the invention in its broader aspects. Example 7 A very efiective class of aliphatic esters are 3-5 pounds of benzylbenzoate are added to loll 35 those 0! the dibaa 1 11 1 8 x lfi. m l i barrels of gasoline. A product of satisfactory fumaric, succinic, tartaric, citric, adipic, stability is obtained.

etc.

The esters of aromatic acids are very desirable, Example 8 40 particularly the phthalates, benzoates and esters A ixture of 2 to 6 pounds of diethyl of the ketc aromatic acids such as benz yl phthalate and urea are added to 100 barrels oi zoate, naphthoylbenzoate, and their substitution oline, producing a well stabilized product. products; Esters of amino substituted aromatic acidsare particularly eflective, for example esters Example 9 of aminophthalic, anthranilic, para-aminoben A mixture of 3-5V pounds of butyl naphthoyl- 45 zoic, aminonaphthoic, etc. benzoate and acetanilide are mixed with 100 bar- Esters of hydroxy acids are also useful, such rels of gasoline, resulting in a well stabilized as lactates, salicylates, and the like and the dimotor fuel.

referred to above. Example 10 Another group of esters are those of the hetero- 2-5 pounds of a mixture of ethyl ester of 2- cyclic acids such as pyromucic, various pyridine phenyl quinolin d-carboxylic acid and anthraand quinolin carboxylic acids, and the like. I cene are added to 100 barrels of gasoline. A The invention will be described in greater deproduct of satisfactory stability is obtained. as

it will be apparent from the examples that not only can the esters of carboxylic acids be used alone, but they may be used in conjunction with other stabilizers of difierent types. Naturally, of course, a plurality of esters of carboxylic acids may be used.

While it is normally desirable to use as little stabilizer as possible and the examples show amounts of stabilizer on the order of a few hundredths of a percent, larger amounts of stabilizer may, of course, be used, without any harm, but practically the amount of stabilizer never need exceed 1% and preferably the amount used is from .01% to 1%.