US20010016809A1 - Method, apparatus, and computer program product for generating a summary of a document based on common expressions appearing in the document - Google Patents
Method, apparatus, and computer program product for generating a summary of a document based on common expressions appearing in the document Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20010016809A1 US20010016809A1 US09/061,096 US6109698A US2001016809A1 US 20010016809 A1 US20010016809 A1 US 20010016809A1 US 6109698 A US6109698 A US 6109698A US 2001016809 A1 US2001016809 A1 US 2001016809A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- information
- commonly
- held
- sentence
- constituting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
- G06F40/20—Natural language analysis
- G06F40/258—Heading extraction; Automatic titling; Numbering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/20—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state for flowing or falling materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method, an apparatus, and a computer program product for making a summary of a document on the basis of commonly owned information and relation between ideas found in the sentences in the document.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication Nos. 2-93866 and 2-112069 examples of summarizing techniques using an important-sentence selecting rule are disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication Nos. 2-93866 and 2-112069.
- keywords are selected among words in a document based on the frequency distribution of occurrence of the same word, database of keywords, and user's decision, and then, important sentences containing the keywords are selected.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.2-215049 discloses a technique to select important parts from a document by analyzing context vectors.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.3-191475 discloses a technique to select important sentences from a document by applying a rule reflecting the feature of each paragraph to sentences therein.
- the technique of automatically making a summary of a document on the basis of the structure of the document such as the context thereof or the feature of the paragraphs therin is suitable for selecting the structure of a long document and catching the transition of the subject of a long document, but is not suitable for creating a compact summary of high-accuracy.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method, an apparatus, and a computer program product for generating from a document an accurate and compact summary on which the point of view of a user is reflected.
- a method of summarizing a document which comprises the steps of: extracting sentence-constituting-elements from the document; tabularizing the sentence-constituting-elements corresponding to categories and sentences in the document; extracting commonly-held-information which is common to the sentence-constituting-elements in the same category from the sentence-constituting-elements; looking up common expression information which is common to plural pieces of the commonly-held-information in a thesaurus in which the commonly-held-information and the common expression information are connected by a hierarchical tree; and composing a summary based on the commonly-held-information and the common expression information.
- Sentence-constituting-elements which come under predetermined categories are extracted from a document.
- the predetermined categories includes “When”, “Where”, “Who”, “What”, “Why”, “How” (5W1H) and “Done”.
- the extracted sentence-constituting-elements are categorized based on the categories.
- the categorized sentence-constituting-elements are referred to as categorized information.
- the categorized information which is subjected to generation of the framework of a sentence in a summary is referred to as commonly-held-information.
- the common expression information which is common to commonly-held-information is extracted consulting a thesaurus.
- the categorized information which is subjected to generation of the qualifying part of a sentence in the summary is referred to as commonly-occurring-information.
- a sentence in the summary is generated from pieces of commonly-held-information, pieces of common expression information and optionally from pieces of commonly-occurring-information.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the basic structure of a summarizing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 shows one example of a document supplied to input processing sub-section 5 of sentence-constituting-elements database producing section 1 in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 shows, in the form of table, one example of sentence-constituting-elements stored in sentence-constituting-elements database 2 in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 shows examples of the contents of thesaurus 9 contained in summary-constituting-elements generating 3 section in FIG. l;
- FIG. 5 shows, in the form of table, one example of commonly-held-information and common expression information which is extracted in commonly-held-information extracting sub-section 7 in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the basic structure of a summarizing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 shows one example of a set consisting of common expression information, common expression information linked to commonly-occurring-information, and commonly-held-information which is generated by from commonly-occurring-information linking sub-section 14 in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 shows examples of the contents of thesaurus 9 according to a third embodiment
- FIG. 9 shows one example of a document supplied to input processing sub-section 5 in a summarizing apparatus according to a fourth embodiment.
- a summarizing apparatus comprises sentence-constituting-elements database producing section 1 which extracts sentence-constituting-elements corresponding to each of categories from a document and output the sentence-constituting-elements accompanied by the corresponding categories; sentence-constituting-elements database 2 which stores the sentence-constituting-elements dividedly according to the categories; summary-constituting-elements generating section 3 which extracts pieces of commonly-held-information corresponding to the categories from the sentence-constituting-elements and extracts pieces of common expression information which are common to pieces of commonly-held-information; and summary completing section 4 which generates a summary based on pieces of commonly-held-information and pieces of common expression information.
- the categories include “When”, “Where”, “Who”, “What”, “Why”, “How” (5W1H) and “Done”.
- the sentence-constituting-elements database producing section 1 comprises input processing sub-section 5 which executes preprocessing such as morphology analysis to generate preprocessed information, analytic dictionary 7 which stores data used for analyzing the preprocessed information, and 5W1H decomposing sub-section 6 which analyzes the preprocessed information sentence by sentence consulting analytic dictionary 7 to generate sentence-constituting-elements corresponding to categories.
- preprocessing such as morphology analysis to generate preprocessed information
- analytic dictionary 7 which stores data used for analyzing the preprocessed information
- 5W1H decomposing sub-section 6 which analyzes the preprocessed information sentence by sentence consulting analytic dictionary 7 to generate sentence-constituting-elements corresponding to categories.
- Sentence-constituting-elements database 2 stores sentence-constituting-elements. Fields of sentence-constituting-elements database 2 are categories and each record of sentence-constituting-elements database 2 corresponds to a sentence in the original document.
- Summary-constituting elements generating section 3 comprises commonly-held-information extracting sub-section 8 which extracts and outputs commonly-held-information corresponding to each of attributes from sentence-constituting-elements and thesaurus 9 in which hierarchical trees of common expression information and commonly-held-information are stored.
- commonly-held-information extracting sub-section 8 finds common expression information consulting thesaurus 9 and outputs the commonly-held-information and the common expression information to summary completing section 4 .
- Summary completing section 4 comprises sentence-composing dictionary 11 in which data used for composing a sentence are stored and sentence-composing sub-section 10 which composes a summary from the commonly-held-information and common expression information consulting sentence-composing dictionary 11 .
- the document as shown in FIG. 2 is supplied to input processing sub-section 5 of sentence-constituting-elements database producing section 1 .
- the document includes three sentences, which are: “Company A established a software company in Taiwan in September, '95.”; “Company B established a software venture company in Hong Kong in April, '95.”; and “Company C established a color television plant in China in December, '95.”
- 5W1H decomposition sub-section 6 extracts sentence-constituting-elements for every sentences in the documents and all the categories consulting analytic dictionary 7 and supplies the sentence-constituting-elements to sentence-constituting-elements database 2 in which a group of the sentence-constituting-elements in one sentence is treated as one record and each member of the group is recorded in a corresponding field representing one of categories as shown in FIG.
- commonly-held-information extracting sub-section 8 extracts “'95” as commonly-held-information for category “when” from sentences 7 , 23 and 51 , and “establish” as commonly-held-information for category “done” from sentences 7 , 23 and 51 . In addition, consulting thesaurus 9 as shown in FIG.
- commonly-held-information extracting sub-section 8 extracts “three electronics companies” as common expression information for category “who” from sentences 7 , 23 , and 51 , “two communication & computer companies” as common expression information for category “who” from sentences 7 and 23 , “Eastern Asia” for category “where” from sentences 7 , 23 , and 51 , “software companies and a color television plant” for category “what” from sentences 7 , 23 , and 51 , “software companies” for category “what” from sentences 7 and 23 .
- the extracted commonly-held-information and common expression information are tabled in FIG. 5.
- Summary completing section 4 generates a summary from the commonly-held-information and the common expression information as follows:
- FIG. 6 shows the basic structure of a summarizing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- summary-constituting-elements generating section 3 comprises commonly-occurring-information extracting sub-section 12 which extracts commonly-occurring-information which commonly occurs in plural records from sentence-constituting-elements database 2 , commonly-occurring-information database 13 which stores the commonly-occurring-information, and commonly-occurring-information linking sub-section 14 which links the commonly-occurring-information to commonly-held-information or common expression information.
- sentence-constituting-elements database 2 stores the sentence-constituting-elements as shown in FIG. 3 and commonly-held-information extracting sub-section 8 extracts commonly-held-information and common expression information as shown in FIG. 5.
- the operation described so far is similar to that of the summarizing apparatus of the first embodiment.
- Commonly-occurring-information extracting sub-section 12 extracts commonly-occurring-information which commonly occurs in plural records. But exact correspondency among records is not required. Only partial correspondency among records is required. For example, sentence-constituting-elements common to several “who”s are extracted as commonly-occurring-information. In this case, commonly-occurring-information extracting sub-section 12 extracts “annual sales prospect” and “upwardly correct” as commonly-occurring-information which are common to company A and B. Subsequently, commonly-occurring-information extracting sub-section 12 stores the commonly-occurring-information to commonly-occurring-information database 13 .
- Commonly-occurring-information linking sub-section 14 links commonly-occurring-information stored in commonly-occurring-information database 13 to commonly-held-information or common expression information consulting thesaurus 9 .
- the reason why commonly-occurring-information linking sub-section 14 consult thesaurus 9 is “who”s for the same commonly-occurring-information may be grouped in thesaurus 14 .
- commonly-occurring-information linking sub-section 14 outputs common expression information linked to commonly-occurring-information as shown in FIG. 7.
- commonly-occurring-information linking sub-section 14 may outputs commonly-held-information linked to commonly-occurring-information.
- Summary completing section 4 generates a summary from commonly-held-information, common expression information, and common expression information linked commonly-occurring-information.
- the summary in this example becomes “Two communication & computer companies which upwardly corrected annual sales prospect established software companies in Eastern Asia in '95.”.
- a summarizing apparatus comprises a plurality of thesaurus associated with commonly-held-information extracting sub-section 8 . These thesauri are provided for variety of fields of knowledge to generate various summaries.
- sentence-constituting-elements database 2 stores sentence-constituting-elements as shown in FIG. 3.
- thesaurus covering the geographical field as shown in FIG. 4 a thesaurus covering the global-financial field as shown in FIG. 8 is provided. The latter thesaurus is use in this embodiment.
- commonly-held-information extracting sub-section 8 extracts commonly-held-information according to the priority of categories made by a user, whereby a summary reflecting information of user's strong interest can be generated with flexibility.
- the present invention is a computer program executing in a computer system which comprises a central processing unit, a main memory, a secondary memory, and a bus connecting the central processing unit, the main memory, and the secondary memory.
- the computer program is stored in the secondary memory.
- the computer program resides in the main memory during execution.
- the computer program includes instructions which causes the central processing unit to perform the functions or methods explained above.
Abstract
A method of summarizing a document which comprises the steps of: extracting sentence-constituting-elements from the document; tabularizing the sentence-constituting-elements corresponding to categories and sentences in the document; extracting commonly-held-information which is common to the sentence-constituting-elements in the same category from the sentence-constituting-elements; looking up common expression information which is common to plural pieces of the commonly-held-information in a thesaurus in which the commonly-held-information and the common expression information are connected by a hierarchical tree; and composing a summary based on the commonly-held-information and the common expression information.
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to a method, an apparatus, and a computer program product for making a summary of a document on the basis of commonly owned information and relation between ideas found in the sentences in the document.
- 2. Description of the Prior Art
- In a computer-aided automatic summarizing system, important sentences are selected from the sentences in a document according to an important-sentence selecting rule, and then, a summary is made from the important sentences according to a summarizing rule.
- Examples of summarizing techniques using an important-sentence selecting rule are disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication Nos. 2-93866 and 2-112069. In these examples, keywords are selected among words in a document based on the frequency distribution of occurrence of the same word, database of keywords, and user's decision, and then, important sentences containing the keywords are selected. Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.2-215049 discloses a technique to select important parts from a document by analyzing context vectors. Moreover, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.3-191475 discloses a technique to select important sentences from a document by applying a rule reflecting the feature of each paragraph to sentences therein.
- The technique of automatically making a summary of a document by gathering sentences containing keywords inevitably requires the use of database of keywords in making a decision as to whether or not each sentence contains keywords, and therefore, the resultant summary is likely to be affected by the contents of the database, and the contents of the summary may be biased or lack flexibility.
- The technique of automatically making a summary of a document on the basis of the structure of the document such as the context thereof or the feature of the paragraphs therin is suitable for selecting the structure of a long document and catching the transition of the subject of a long document, but is not suitable for creating a compact summary of high-accuracy.
- The technique of making a summary from a collection of important sentences in a document requires an effective method for collecting information common to the important sentences and generating a compact expression reflecting the common information. However, such method has not been proposed as yet.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method, an apparatus, and a computer program product for generating from a document an accurate and compact summary on which the point of view of a user is reflected.
- According to the present invention, there is provided a method of summarizing a document which comprises the steps of: extracting sentence-constituting-elements from the document; tabularizing the sentence-constituting-elements corresponding to categories and sentences in the document; extracting commonly-held-information which is common to the sentence-constituting-elements in the same category from the sentence-constituting-elements; looking up common expression information which is common to plural pieces of the commonly-held-information in a thesaurus in which the commonly-held-information and the common expression information are connected by a hierarchical tree; and composing a summary based on the commonly-held-information and the common expression information.
- Sentence-constituting-elements which come under predetermined categories are extracted from a document. The predetermined categories includes “When”, “Where”, “Who”, “What”, “Why”, “How” (5W1H) and “Done”. The extracted sentence-constituting-elements are categorized based on the categories. The categorized sentence-constituting-elements are referred to as categorized information. The categorized information which is subjected to generation of the framework of a sentence in a summary is referred to as commonly-held-information. The common expression information which is common to commonly-held-information is extracted consulting a thesaurus. The categorized information which is subjected to generation of the qualifying part of a sentence in the summary is referred to as commonly-occurring-information. A sentence in the summary is generated from pieces of commonly-held-information, pieces of common expression information and optionally from pieces of commonly-occurring-information.
- These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent in light of the following detailed description of the best mode embodiments thereof, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the basic structure of a summarizing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 2 shows one example of a document supplied to
input processing sub-section 5 of sentence-constituting-elementsdatabase producing section 1 in FIG. 1; - FIG. 3 shows, in the form of table, one example of sentence-constituting-elements stored in sentence-constituting-
elements database 2 in FIG. 1; - FIG. 4 shows examples of the contents of
thesaurus 9 contained in summary-constituting-elements generating 3 section in FIG. l; - FIG. 5 shows, in the form of table, one example of commonly-held-information and common expression information which is extracted in commonly-held-
information extracting sub-section 7 in FIG. 1; - FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the basic structure of a summarizing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 7 shows one example of a set consisting of common expression information, common expression information linked to commonly-occurring-information, and commonly-held-information which is generated by from commonly-occurring-
information linking sub-section 14 in FIG. 6; - FIG. 8 shows examples of the contents of
thesaurus 9 according to a third embodiment; and - FIG. 9 shows one example of a document supplied to
input processing sub-section 5 in a summarizing apparatus according to a fourth embodiment. - Referring to FIG. 1, a summarizing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention comprises sentence-constituting-elements
database producing section 1 which extracts sentence-constituting-elements corresponding to each of categories from a document and output the sentence-constituting-elements accompanied by the corresponding categories; sentence-constituting-elements database 2 which stores the sentence-constituting-elements dividedly according to the categories; summary-constituting-elements generating section 3 which extracts pieces of commonly-held-information corresponding to the categories from the sentence-constituting-elements and extracts pieces of common expression information which are common to pieces of commonly-held-information; andsummary completing section 4 which generates a summary based on pieces of commonly-held-information and pieces of common expression information. The categories include “When”, “Where”, “Who”, “What”, “Why”, “How” (5W1H) and “Done”. - The sentence-constituting-elements
database producing section 1 comprisesinput processing sub-section 5 which executes preprocessing such as morphology analysis to generate preprocessed information,analytic dictionary 7 which stores data used for analyzing the preprocessed information, and5W1H decomposing sub-section 6 which analyzes the preprocessed information sentence by sentence consultinganalytic dictionary 7 to generate sentence-constituting-elements corresponding to categories. - Sentence-constituting-
elements database 2 stores sentence-constituting-elements. Fields of sentence-constituting-elements database 2 are categories and each record of sentence-constituting-elements database 2 corresponds to a sentence in the original document. - Summary-constituting
elements generating section 3 comprises commonly-held-information extracting sub-section 8 which extracts and outputs commonly-held-information corresponding to each of attributes from sentence-constituting-elements andthesaurus 9 in which hierarchical trees of common expression information and commonly-held-information are stored. In addition to extracting commonly-held-information, commonly-held-information extracting sub-section 8 finds common expressioninformation consulting thesaurus 9 and outputs the commonly-held-information and the common expression information tosummary completing section 4. -
Summary completing section 4 comprises sentence-composing dictionary 11 in which data used for composing a sentence are stored and sentence-composingsub-section 10 which composes a summary from the commonly-held-information and common expression information consulting sentence-composing dictionary 11. - Next, the operation of the summarizing apparatus according to the first embodiment will be explained by example.
- The document as shown in FIG. 2 is supplied to
input processing sub-section 5 of sentence-constituting-elementsdatabase producing section 1. The document includes three sentences, which are: “Company A established a software company in Taiwan in September, '95.”; “Company B established a software venture company in Hong Kong in April, '95.”; and “Company C established a color television plant in China in December, '95.”5W1H decomposition sub-section 6 extracts sentence-constituting-elements for every sentences in the documents and all the categories consultinganalytic dictionary 7 and supplies the sentence-constituting-elements to sentence-constituting-elements database 2 in which a group of the sentence-constituting-elements in one sentence is treated as one record and each member of the group is recorded in a corresponding field representing one of categories as shown in FIG. 3. In summary-constituting-elements generating section 3, commonly-held-information extracting sub-section 8 extracts “'95” as commonly-held-information for category “when” fromsentences sentences thesaurus 9 as shown in FIG. 4, commonly-held-information extracting sub-section 8 extracts “three electronics companies” as common expression information for category “who” fromsentences sentences sentences sentences sentences -
Summary completing section 4 generates a summary from the commonly-held-information and the common expression information as follows: - “Two communication & computer companies established software companies in Eastern Asia in '95.” and “Three electronics companies established software companies and a color television plant in Eastern Asia in '95.”.
- (EMBODIMENT 2)
- FIG. 6 shows the basic structure of a summarizing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- In addition to the steps of the first embodiment, in this embodiment, commonly-occurring-information which commonly occurs in plural records is extracted, the commonly-held-information is linked to commonly-held-information or common expression information, thereby summary-constituting-elements can be extended.
- As shown in FIG. 6, in addition to commonly-held-information extracting sub-section8 and
thesaurus 9, summary-constituting-elements generating section 3 comprises commonly-occurring-information extracting sub-section 12 which extracts commonly-occurring-information which commonly occurs in plural records from sentence-constituting-elements database 2, commonly-occurring-information database 13 which stores the commonly-occurring-information, and commonly-occurring-information linking sub-section 14 which links the commonly-occurring-information to commonly-held-information or common expression information. - Assuming that the document as shown in FIG. 2 is supplied to
input processing sub-section 5 similarly to the first embodiment, sentence-constituting-elements database 2 stores the sentence-constituting-elements as shown in FIG. 3 and commonly-held-information extracting sub-section 8 extracts commonly-held-information and common expression information as shown in FIG. 5. The operation described so far is similar to that of the summarizing apparatus of the first embodiment. - Commonly-occurring-
information extracting sub-section 12 extracts commonly-occurring-information which commonly occurs in plural records. But exact correspondency among records is not required. Only partial correspondency among records is required. For example, sentence-constituting-elements common to several “who”s are extracted as commonly-occurring-information. In this case, commonly-occurring-information extracting sub-section 12 extracts “annual sales prospect” and “upwardly correct” as commonly-occurring-information which are common to company A and B. Subsequently, commonly-occurring-information extracting sub-section 12 stores the commonly-occurring-information to commonly-occurring-information database 13. Commonly-occurring-information linking sub-section 14 links commonly-occurring-information stored in commonly-occurring-information database 13 to commonly-held-information or common expressioninformation consulting thesaurus 9. The reason why commonly-occurring-information linking sub-section 14 consultthesaurus 9 is “who”s for the same commonly-occurring-information may be grouped inthesaurus 14. As a result, commonly-occurring-information linking sub-section 14 outputs common expression information linked to commonly-occurring-information as shown in FIG. 7. In general, commonly-occurring-information linking sub-section 14 may outputs commonly-held-information linked to commonly-occurring-information. -
Summary completing section 4 generates a summary from commonly-held-information, common expression information, and common expression information linked commonly-occurring-information. The summary in this example becomes “Two communication & computer companies which upwardly corrected annual sales prospect established software companies in Eastern Asia in '95.”. - (EMBODIMENT 3)
- A summarizing apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention comprises a plurality of thesaurus associated with commonly-held-information extracting sub-section8. These thesauri are provided for variety of fields of knowledge to generate various summaries.
- Assuming that the document as shown in FIG. 2 is supplied to input processing
sub-section 5 similarly to the first and second embodiments, sentence-constituting-elements database 2 stores sentence-constituting-elements as shown in FIG. 3. In addition to the thesaurus covering the geographical field as shown in FIG. 4, a thesaurus covering the global-financial field as shown in FIG. 8 is provided. The latter thesaurus is use in this embodiment. - Commonly-held-information extracting sub-section extract “Asian NIES” as common expression information for category “where” from
sentences - (EMBODIMENT 4)
- In this embodiment, commonly-held-information extracting sub-section8 extracts commonly-held-information according to the priority of categories made by a user, whereby a summary reflecting information of user's strong interest can be generated with flexibility.
- Assuming that the document containing “Company A established a semiconductor plant in Korea in January, '93.”, “Company A established a software company in Taiwan in September, '95.”, and “Company B established a personal computer plant in Taiwan in June, '94.” as shown in FIG. 9 is supplied to input processing
sub-section 5. - When priority is given to “Who” and “What”, the resultant summary becomes “Company A established a semiconductor plant and a software company in Eastern Asia in '93 and '95, respectively.”.
- When priority is given to “Where” and “Done”, the resultant summary becomes “Two communication & computer companies established a personal computer plant and a software company in Taiwan in '94 and '95, respectively.”.
- Preferably, the present invention is a computer program executing in a computer system which comprises a central processing unit, a main memory, a secondary memory, and a bus connecting the central processing unit, the main memory, and the secondary memory. The computer program is stored in the secondary memory. The computer program resides in the main memory during execution. The computer program includes instructions which causes the central processing unit to perform the functions or methods explained above.
- Although the present invention has been shown and explained with respect to the best mode embodiments thereof, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and various other changes, omissions, and additions in the form and detail thereof may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A method of summarizing a document which comprises the steps of:
extracting sentence-constituting-elements from the document;
tabularizing said sentence-constituting-elements corresponding to categories and sentences in said document;
extracting commonly-held-information which is common to said sentence-constituting-elements in the same category from said sentence-constituting-elements;
looking up common expression information which is common to plural pieces of said commonly-held-information in a thesaurus in which said commonly-held-information and said common expression information are connected by a hierarchical tree; and
composing a summary based on said commonly-held-information and said common expression information.
2. The method as set forth in , wherein said categories include “When”, “Where”, “Who”, “What”, “Why”, “How” and “Done”.
claim 1
3. The method as set forth in , wherein said thesaurus is plural and one of said thesauri is selected corresponding to a user's operation.
claim 1
4. The method as set forth in , which further comprises the steps of:
claim 1
extracting commonly-occurring-information which is common to several sentences in said document in one or more categories; and
linking said commonly-occurring-information to said commonly-held-information or said common expression information.
5. The method as set forth in , wherein priority is given to a part of said categories corresponding to a user's operation.
claim 1
6. An apparatus of summarizing a document which comprises:
means for extracting sentence-constituting-elements from the document;
means for tabularizing said sentence-constituting-elements corresponding to categories and sentences in said document;
means for extracting commonly-held-information which is common to said sentence-constituting-elements in the same category from said sentence-constituting-elements;
thesaurus in which said commonly-held-information and common expression information are connected by a hierarchical tree;
means for looking up said common expression information which is common to plural pieces of said commonly-held-information in said thesaurus; and
means for composing a summary based on said commonly-held-information and said common expression information.
7. The apparatus as set forth in , wherein said categories include “When”, “Where”, “Who”, “What”, “Why”, “How” and “Done”.
claim 6
8. The apparatus as set forth in , wherein said thesaurus is plural and further comprises means for selecting one of said thesauri corresponding to a user's operation.
claim 6
9. The apparatus as set forth in , which further comprises:
claim 6
means for extracting commonly-occurring-information which is common to several sentences in said document in one or more categories; and
means for linking said commonly-occurring-information to said commonly-held-information or said common expression information.
10. The apparatus as set forth in , which further comprises means for giving priority to a part of said categories corresponding to a user's operation.
claim 6
11. A computer program product comprising a computer useable medium having structured data and computer program logic stored therein,
said structured data comprising:
thesaurus in which commonly-held-information and common expression information are connected by a hierarchical tree; and
said computer program logic comprising:
means for extracting sentence-constituting-elements from the document;
means for tabularizing said sentence-constituting-elements corresponding to categories and sentences in said document;
means for extracting commonly-held-information which is common to said sentence-constituting-elements in the same category from said sentence-constituting-elements;
means for looking up said common expression information which is common to plural pieces of said commonly-held-information in said thesaurus; and
means for composing a summary based on said commonly-held-information and said common expression information.
12. The computer program product as set forth in , wherein said categories include “When”, “Where”, “Who”, “What”, “Why”, “How” and “Done”.
claim 11
13. The computer program product as set forth in , wherein said thesaurus is plural and said computer program logic further comprises means for selecting one of said thesauri corresponding to a user's operation.
claim 11
14. The computer program product as set forth in , wherein said computer program logic further comprises:
claim 11
means for extracting commonly-occurring-information which is common to several sentences in said document in one or more categories; and
means for linking said commonly-occurring-information to said commonly-held-information or said common expression information.
15. The computer program product as set forth in , wherein said computer program logic further comprises means for giving priority to a part of said categories corresponding to a user's operation.
claim 11
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9100432A JP3001047B2 (en) | 1997-04-17 | 1997-04-17 | Document summarization device |
JP9-100432 | 1997-04-17 | ||
JP09-100432 | 1997-04-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20010016809A1 true US20010016809A1 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
US6338034B2 US6338034B2 (en) | 2002-01-08 |
Family
ID=14273798
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/061,096 Expired - Fee Related US6338034B2 (en) | 1997-04-17 | 1998-04-16 | Method, apparatus, and computer program product for generating a summary of a document based on common expressions appearing in the document |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6338034B2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3001047B2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030126553A1 (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2003-07-03 | Yoshinori Nagata | Document information processing method, document information processing apparatus, communication system and memory product |
US20050234893A1 (en) * | 1999-04-27 | 2005-10-20 | Surfnotes, Inc. | Method and apparatus for improved information representation |
US20080270119A1 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2008-10-30 | Microsoft Corporation | Generating sentence variations for automatic summarization |
US7475334B1 (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2009-01-06 | Alcatel-Lucent Usa Inc. | Method and system for abstracting electronic documents |
US20090018819A1 (en) * | 2007-07-11 | 2009-01-15 | At&T Corp. | Tracking changes in stratified data-streams |
US20100057710A1 (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2010-03-04 | Yahoo! Inc | Generation of search result abstracts |
US20130046754A1 (en) * | 2001-03-21 | 2013-02-21 | Eugene M. Lee | Method and system to formulate intellectual property search and to organize results of intellectual property search |
WO2014063354A1 (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2014-05-01 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Method for summarizing document |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6789230B2 (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2004-09-07 | Microsoft Corporation | Creating a summary having sentences with the highest weight, and lowest length |
JP2000348041A (en) | 1999-06-03 | 2000-12-15 | Nec Corp | Document retrieval method, device therefor and mechanically readable recording medium |
JP2001101207A (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-13 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Document summarizing device |
GB2360609A (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-09-26 | Ibm | Dynamically generating expanded user messages in a computer system |
US6763500B2 (en) | 2000-12-01 | 2004-07-13 | Microsoft Corporation | Real-time-on-demand dynamic document generation |
US6990634B2 (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2006-01-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The National Security Agency | Method of summarizing text by sentence extraction |
US7925616B2 (en) | 2001-06-19 | 2011-04-12 | Microstrategy, Incorporated | Report system and method using context-sensitive prompt objects |
US7861161B1 (en) | 2001-06-19 | 2010-12-28 | Microstrategy, Inc. | Report system and method using prompt objects |
US7356758B1 (en) | 2001-06-19 | 2008-04-08 | Microstrategy Incorporated | System and method for run-time report resolution of reports that include prompt objects |
US7302639B1 (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2007-11-27 | Microstrategy, Inc. | Report system and method using prompt in prompt objects |
US7251781B2 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2007-07-31 | Invention Machine Corporation | Computer based summarization of natural language documents |
US8799776B2 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2014-08-05 | Invention Machine Corporation | Semantic processor for recognition of whole-part relations in natural language documents |
US9009590B2 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2015-04-14 | Invention Machines Corporation | Semantic processor for recognition of cause-effect relations in natural language documents |
JP2003248676A (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2003-09-05 | Communication Research Laboratory | Solution data compiling device and method, and automatic summarizing device and method |
JP3624186B2 (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2005-03-02 | Tdk株式会社 | Control circuit for switching power supply device and switching power supply device using the same |
JP2004030021A (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2004-01-29 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Document processor and processing method |
KR100463655B1 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2004-12-29 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Text-to-speech conversion apparatus and method having function of offering additional information |
US7376552B2 (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2008-05-20 | Wall Street On Demand | Text generator with an automated decision tree for creating text based on changing input data |
US8868670B2 (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2014-10-21 | Avaya Inc. | Method and apparatus for summarizing one or more text messages using indicative summaries |
JP2006023878A (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-01-26 | Quin Land Co Ltd | Data extraction system |
KR100785927B1 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-17 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Method and apparatus for providing data summarization |
US9031947B2 (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2015-05-12 | Invention Machine Corporation | System and method for model element identification |
US7925496B1 (en) | 2007-04-23 | 2011-04-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Method for summarizing natural language text |
KR100895535B1 (en) | 2007-05-10 | 2009-04-30 | (주) 지육공팔 컨설팅그룹 | Data search device and method thereof |
EP2406739A2 (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2012-01-18 | Invention Machine Corporation | System and method for knowledge research |
KR20120009446A (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2012-01-31 | 인벤션 머신 코포레이션 | System and method for automatic semantic labeling of natural language texts |
JP5388038B2 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2014-01-15 | 独立行政法人情報通信研究機構 | Document summarization apparatus, document processing apparatus, and program |
JP6338842B2 (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2018-06-06 | キヤノンメディカルシステムズ株式会社 | Medical processing apparatus and medical processing program |
US10387538B2 (en) | 2016-06-24 | 2019-08-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | System, method, and recording medium for dynamically changing search result delivery format |
US10482180B2 (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-11-19 | International Business Machines Corporation | Generating ground truth for questions based on data found in structured resources |
JP2021114184A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2021-08-05 | シャープ株式会社 | Summary generation device, summary generation method and program |
Family Cites Families (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4965763A (en) * | 1987-03-03 | 1990-10-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Computer method for automatic extraction of commonly specified information from business correspondence |
JPH01290076A (en) | 1988-05-18 | 1989-11-21 | Canon Inc | Natural language processor |
JP2783558B2 (en) * | 1988-09-30 | 1998-08-06 | 株式会社東芝 | Summary generation method and summary generation device |
JPH02112069A (en) | 1988-10-21 | 1990-04-24 | Hitachi Ltd | Automatic summarizing system |
JPH03191475A (en) | 1989-12-20 | 1991-08-21 | Nec Corp | Document summarizing system |
JPH0418673A (en) * | 1990-05-11 | 1992-01-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Method and device for extracting text information |
JPH0748217B2 (en) | 1990-07-17 | 1995-05-24 | 工業技術院長 | Document summarization device |
JPH0743728B2 (en) | 1990-08-02 | 1995-05-15 | 工業技術院長 | Summary sentence generation method |
EP0523269A1 (en) * | 1991-07-18 | 1993-01-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Computer system for data management |
JPH05233729A (en) | 1992-02-24 | 1993-09-10 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Summary selection type information providing device |
JP2944346B2 (en) | 1993-01-20 | 1999-09-06 | シャープ株式会社 | Document summarization device |
JPH06259423A (en) | 1993-03-02 | 1994-09-16 | N T T Data Tsushin Kk | Summary automatically generating system |
US5638543A (en) * | 1993-06-03 | 1997-06-10 | Xerox Corporation | Method and apparatus for automatic document summarization |
JP3300142B2 (en) | 1993-12-17 | 2002-07-08 | シャープ株式会社 | Natural language processor |
US5689716A (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1997-11-18 | Xerox Corporation | Automatic method of generating thematic summaries |
US5778397A (en) * | 1995-06-28 | 1998-07-07 | Xerox Corporation | Automatic method of generating feature probabilities for automatic extracting summarization |
US5918240A (en) * | 1995-06-28 | 1999-06-29 | Xerox Corporation | Automatic method of extracting summarization using feature probabilities |
US5838323A (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1998-11-17 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Document summary computer system user interface |
US5848191A (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 1998-12-08 | Xerox Corporation | Automatic method of generating thematic summaries from a document image without performing character recognition |
US5924108A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1999-07-13 | Microsoft Corporation | Document summarizer for word processors |
US5857184A (en) * | 1996-05-03 | 1999-01-05 | Walden Media, Inc. | Language and method for creating, organizing, and retrieving data from a database |
US5963965A (en) * | 1997-02-18 | 1999-10-05 | Semio Corporation | Text processing and retrieval system and method |
-
1997
- 1997-04-17 JP JP9100432A patent/JP3001047B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-04-16 US US09/061,096 patent/US6338034B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050234893A1 (en) * | 1999-04-27 | 2005-10-20 | Surfnotes, Inc. | Method and apparatus for improved information representation |
US7882115B2 (en) * | 1999-04-27 | 2011-02-01 | Scott Hirsch | Method and apparatus for improved information representation |
US7475334B1 (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2009-01-06 | Alcatel-Lucent Usa Inc. | Method and system for abstracting electronic documents |
US20090083621A1 (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2009-03-26 | Kermani Bahram G | Method and system for abstracting electronic documents |
US20130046754A1 (en) * | 2001-03-21 | 2013-02-21 | Eugene M. Lee | Method and system to formulate intellectual property search and to organize results of intellectual property search |
US20030126553A1 (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2003-07-03 | Yoshinori Nagata | Document information processing method, document information processing apparatus, communication system and memory product |
US20080270119A1 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2008-10-30 | Microsoft Corporation | Generating sentence variations for automatic summarization |
US20090018819A1 (en) * | 2007-07-11 | 2009-01-15 | At&T Corp. | Tracking changes in stratified data-streams |
US20100057710A1 (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2010-03-04 | Yahoo! Inc | Generation of search result abstracts |
US8984398B2 (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2015-03-17 | Yahoo! Inc. | Generation of search result abstracts |
WO2014063354A1 (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2014-05-01 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Method for summarizing document |
CN104871151A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2015-08-26 | 惠普发展公司,有限责任合伙企业 | Method for summarizing document |
EP2912569A4 (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2016-06-15 | Hewlett Packard Development Co | Method for summarizing document |
US9727556B2 (en) | 2012-10-26 | 2017-08-08 | Entit Software Llc | Summarization of a document |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6338034B2 (en) | 2002-01-08 |
JPH10293762A (en) | 1998-11-04 |
JP3001047B2 (en) | 2000-01-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6338034B2 (en) | Method, apparatus, and computer program product for generating a summary of a document based on common expressions appearing in the document | |
US7493252B1 (en) | Method and system to analyze data | |
US5748973A (en) | Advanced integrated requirements engineering system for CE-based requirements assessment | |
US6014680A (en) | Method and apparatus for generating structured document | |
EP1399842B1 (en) | Creation of structured data from plain text | |
JP3067966B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for retrieving image parts | |
US5442780A (en) | Natural language database retrieval system using virtual tables to convert parsed input phrases into retrieval keys | |
US8015171B2 (en) | Document analysis and retrieval | |
US7567954B2 (en) | Sentence classification device and method | |
CN107818082A (en) | With reference to the semantic role recognition methods of phrase structure tree | |
Bais et al. | A model of a generic natural language interface for querying database | |
CN112506488A (en) | Method for generating programming language class based on sql creating statement | |
US20050033566A1 (en) | Natural language processing method | |
WO2021136009A1 (en) | Search information processing method and apparatus, and electronic device | |
US7177796B1 (en) | Automated set up of web-based natural language interface | |
JP2000227917A (en) | Thesaurus browsing system and method therefor and recording medium recording its processing program | |
US5551036A (en) | Method and system for generating operation specification object information | |
KR20220041336A (en) | Graph generation system of recommending significant keywords and extracting core documents and method thereof | |
JPH0743728B2 (en) | Summary sentence generation method | |
Abibi et al. | Object on Use Case Description: Sequence Diagram Conformance based on Step Performed using Text Pre-Processing on Sipranta Application SRS | |
KR20020061443A (en) | Method and system for data gathering, processing and presentation using computer network | |
Degeratu et al. | An Automatic Method for Constructing Domain-Specific Ontology Resources. | |
US20090313221A1 (en) | Patent technology association classification method | |
CN110688453B (en) | Scene application method, system, medium and equipment based on information classification | |
JP4348145B2 (en) | Sentence classification program, sentence classification method, and sentence classification apparatus |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NEC CORPORATION, JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ISHIKAWA, KAI;OKUMURA, AKITOSHI;REEL/FRAME:009105/0466 Effective date: 19980407 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees | ||
STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |
|
FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 20140108 |