US20010042799A1 - Showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition - Google Patents
Showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition Download PDFInfo
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- US20010042799A1 US20010042799A1 US09/776,004 US77600401A US2001042799A1 US 20010042799 A1 US20010042799 A1 US 20010042799A1 US 77600401 A US77600401 A US 77600401A US 2001042799 A1 US2001042799 A1 US 2001042799A1
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- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 84
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 57
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical compound BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 electrons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/306—Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching
- H01L21/3065—Plasma etching; Reactive-ion etching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45563—Gas nozzles
- C23C16/45565—Shower nozzles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/448—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials
- C23C16/452—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials by activating reactive gas streams before their introduction into the reaction chamber, e.g. by ionisation or addition of reactive species
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45563—Gas nozzles
- C23C16/45574—Nozzles for more than one gas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32082—Radio frequency generated discharge
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67017—Apparatus for fluid treatment
- H01L21/67063—Apparatus for fluid treatment for etching
- H01L21/67069—Apparatus for fluid treatment for etching for drying etching
Definitions
- the invention relates generally to a showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition in chemical vapor deposition equipment for performing a semiconductor manufacturing process. More particularly, the present invention relates to a showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition in which a showerhead is consisted of a two-stair structure to generate plasma, so that uniformity of a thin film can be improved, the deposition efficiency can be increased and generation of particles is minimized when a thin film is deposited on a large-caliber wafer or a substrate.
- the chemical vapor deposition apparatus for depositing a thin film on a wafer or a substrate employs a plasma in order to deposit a thin film of a high quality at low temperature, whereby a raw material is activated to deposit a thin film on the wafer or the substrate.
- a plasma in order to deposit a thin film of a high quality at low temperature, whereby a raw material is activated to deposit a thin film on the wafer or the substrate.
- FIG. 1 a is a schematic view illustrating an entire structure of a conventional plasma chemical vapor deposition apparatus.
- the apparatus includes chamber 107 below which an exhaust outlet 106 is formed, a gas injection tube 102 formed through the upper center of the chamber 107 for injecting a plasma generating gas, a showerhead 110 having a plurality of holes, for spraying the plasma generating gas induced from the gas injection tube 102 , which is surrounded by a shield 104 and is also mounted under the gas injection tube 102 , a shower ring 103 mounted below the showerhead 110 for spraying a raw material gas supplied from a raw material gas injection tube 101 when a plasma is used, a substrate 108 on which a thin film is deposited the gas sprayed from the shower ring 103 and a heater 109 supporting the substrate 108 for providing a given thermal source to the substrate.
- an insulating plate 105 having an electrode plate for generating a plasma by an outside RF power supply (not shown) is formed on the chamber 107 at the portion of which the gas injection tube 102 passes through. Also, the shower ring 103 is separated from the plasma generating apparatus.
- Korean Patent Application No.99-0243446 proposes a showerhead apparatus including a plasma generating section, which includes a showerhead of a two-stair structure the upper and lower portion of which has a buffer, respectively, whereby the raw material gas sprayed into the plasma can be constantly distributed to form a uniform thin film on a wafer or a substrate.
- FIG. 1 b is a schematic view of the showerhead apparatus including the above plasma generating section.
- the showerhead apparatus includes first and second showerheads 201 and 202 having a two-stair structure, the upper and lower portion of which has buffers 201 a and 202 a , respectively.
- the showerhead is constructed wherein a plasma is generated by the first upper buffer 201 a of the first showerhead 201 , the plasma is sprayed on a wafer 203 through a plasma spray hole 201 b passing through the second buffer 202 a , a raw material gas is injected into the second buffer 202 a of the second showerhead 202 and the raw material gas is sprayed through a plurality of raw material gas spray holes 202 b formed at the below plate of the second buffer 202 a .
- the generated plasma is introduced into the chamber through the plasma spray holes passing through the second buffer, so that the probability or the number in which particles constituting plasmas such as positive ions, electrons, radical etc.
- the present invention is contrived to solve the above problems and an object of the present invention is to provide a showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition including a showerhead of a two-stair structure separated by a given distance, which has a first buffer for uniformly distributing a raw material gas and a second buffer for uniformly distributing a plasma gas, wherein a plasma is generated within the showerheads and the raw material gas sprayed into the plasma is constantly maintained, thus forming a uniform thin film on a wafer or a substrate.
- another object of the present invention is to provide a showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition capable of forming a thin film of a high quality at a low-temperature process while simplifying the structure of two-stair showerheads having a first buffer and a second buffer.
- the present invention provides a showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition comprising a raw material gas spray means including a first buffer which is divided into upper and lower layers for uniformly distributing a gas introduced from a raw material gas injection tube, wherein a plurality of raw material gas spray holes for spraying the raw material gas distributed within the first buffer at a given flow rate is formed at a lower plate of the spray means; a plasma generating gas spray means including a second buffer for uniformly distributing a plasma generating gas between with the raw material gas spray means, wherein a plurality of plasma generating gas spray holes and through holes for spraying the plasma generating gas distributed within the second buffer are formed at a lower plate of the spray means, respectively; a guide means for communicating the raw material gas spray holes in the raw material gas spray means and the through holes in the plasma generating gas spray means and for inducing the raw material gas and the plasma generating gas so that they are not mixed; and a RF generating means mounted at one outside side of the
- FIG. 1 a is a schematic view illustrating a conventional plasma chemical vapor deposition apparatus
- FIG. 1 b is a front view for illustrating a showerhead having a conventional plasma generator
- FIG. 2 is a front view of a showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of a bottom plate of a second showerhead being an integral part of the present invention.
- a showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition sprays separately a raw material gas and a plasma generating gas, wherein the plasma is used to activate the raw material gas, thus improving uniformity and the quality of a thin film. As shown in FIG.
- the showerhead apparatus includes an upper plate 11 formed at an internal upper side of the chamber 10 for performing a process and having a first heater 12 for uniformly maintaining the temperature of a raw material gas therein, a lower plate 13 the side of which is fixed at the chamber 10 , for supporting the upper plate 11 , a raw material injection tube 14 formed at the central portion of the upper plate 11 , for supplying the raw material gas through it and a mass flow controller 27 formed at a given position of the raw material gas injection tube 14 , for controlled the inflow of the gas.
- a first buffer 15 a for uniformly distributing the gas introduced from the raw material gas injection tube 14 is formed within the upper plate 11 .
- a first showerhead 15 wherein a plurality of raw material gas spray holes 15 c through which the raw material gas distributed within the first buffer 15 a is sprayed at a given flow rate are formed, is formed at a lower plate 15 b.
- the lower plate 15 b of the first showerhead 15 is formed of an electrode plate, from which plasma is generated by RF applied from a RF power supply to be explained later.
- the first showerhead 15 has the first buffer 15 a that is divided into upper and lower spaces.
- the first showerhead 15 includes a middle plate 16 having a plurality of exhaust holes 16 a for uniformly distributing the raw material gas distributed into the upper space of the showerhead into the lower space of the showerhead, and a support pin 17 erectly formed at the circumferential face of the lower plate 15 b in the first shower head 15 for supporting the middle plate 16 in order to form a lower space between the middle plate 16 and itself.
- a second buffer 18 a for uniformly distributing the flow of the plasma generating gas between itself and the first showerhead 15 . Also, there is formed a second showerhead 18 for spraying the plasma generating gas distributed within the second buffer 18 a , wherein a plurality of plasma generating gas spray holes 18 c are formed at the lower plate 18 b of the second showerhead 18 . Then, as shown in FIG. 3, a through hole 18 d facing the hole 15 c formed at the lower plate 15 b of the first showerhead 15 is formed around the spray holes 18 c formed at the lower plate 18 b of the second showerhead 18 .
- a RF power 19 having a RF rod 19 a and a RF connector 19 b which apply an outside RF power supply to the lower plate 15 b of the first showerhead 15 is formed to be uprightly through the upper plate 11 at one side of the first showerhead 15 .
- a first insulating member 21 is formed at a circumferential face of the RF rod 19 a in the RF power 19
- a second insulating member 22 for covering the first buffer 15 a is formed between the upper portion of the first buffer 15 a and the upper plate 11 in the first showerhead 15
- a third insulating member 23 is formed at a circumferential face of the second buffer 18 a in the second showerhead 18 in order to keep the upper and lower width of the second buffer 18 a .
- the second and third insulating members 22 and 23 are supported by the lower plate 13 and the first to third insulating members 21 , 22 and 23 function to electrically insulate the RF power supply applied to the lower plate 15 b in the first showerhead 15 .
- a plasma gas inlet tube 24 for supplying a plasma gas into the second buffer 18 a of the second showerhead 18 is formed at one circumferential side of the lower plate 15 b in the first showerhead 15 .
- a plasma gas buffer 25 is formed at a lower portion of which a plasma gas distribution hole 25 a is formed at one circumferential side of the lower plate 15 b in the first showerhead 15 so that the plasma gas buffer 25 can communicate with the plasma gas inlet tube 24 .
- a gas passage 26 for introducing the plasma gas into the second buffer 18 a along with the plasma gas distribution hole 25 a is formed between the lower plate 15 b and the third insulating member 23 , is formed.
- An unexplained reference numeral 31 indicates an exhaust port for exhausting the gas within the chamber 10 toward the outside
- 32 indicates a wafer or a substrate on which a raw material gas activated by the plasma generating gas sprayed from the second showerhead 18 is deposited to form a thin film
- 33 indicates a second heater supporting the substrate 32 , for providing a given thermal source to the substrate 32 .
- the gas supplied from the plasma generating gas inlet tube 24 is introduced into the second buffer 18 a in the second showerhead 18 via the plasma gas distribution hole 25 a in the gas buffer 25 and the gas passage 26 , the electric power from the RF power 19 is applied to the lower plate 15 b in the first showerhead 15 via the RF rod 19 a , thus generating a plasma.
- the plasma thus generated is sprayed into the substrate 32 via the plasma generating gas spray holes 18 c from at the lower plate 18 b in the second showerhead 18 while is maintained at a constant fluid pressure within the second buffer 18 a .
- the raw material gas from the raw material gas injection tube 14 is introduced into the upper space formed at the first buffer 15 a of the first showerhead 15 .
- this gas is again introduced into the lower space in the first buffer 15 a via the holes 16 a in the middle plate 16 , so that the fluid pressure of the raw material gas is uniformly distributed.
- the heater built in the upper plate 11 constantly maintains the temperature of the raw material gas distributed within the first buffer 15 a of the first showerhead 15 .
- the raw material gas distributed within the first buffer 15 a in the first showerhead 15 is sprayed onto the substrate 32 via the spray holes 15 c formed at the lower plate 15 b of the first showerhead 15 and the guide tube 20 communicating with the through hole 18 d formed at the lower plate 18 b.
- the raw material gas passed through the guide tube 20 after being distributed into the first buffer 15 and the neutral radical of the plasma generating gas passed through the spray holes 18 c in the second showerhead 18 are sprayed onto the substrate with the two being separated to each other. During this process, reaction of the raw material gas with the neutral radical is prevented. Thus, vapor reaction that becomes a major reason in generation of particles can be prohibited, and a thin film having a uniform and good quality can be formed on the wafer or the substrate 32 .
- the present invention provides a two-stair showerhead structure in which the plasma generating section and the raw material gas spray section are incorporated.
- the present invention can prevent collision and injection of ions and electros, which caused a problem in a deposition process using conventional plasma generation.
- introduction of impurities such as carbon (C), hydrogen (H), chlorine (Cl), brome (Br), etc. and a large quantity of particles, which existed when a metal organic source or a metal inorganic source is used a raw material gas, can be prevented.
- the passage through which the radical generated from the showerhead apparatus is introduced into the chamber can be maintained at its minimum, the efficiency of radical can be maximized.
- reliability of the process can be improved and the throughput of the product can be increased.
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Abstract
Description
- The invention relates generally to a showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition in chemical vapor deposition equipment for performing a semiconductor manufacturing process. More particularly, the present invention relates to a showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition in which a showerhead is consisted of a two-stair structure to generate plasma, so that uniformity of a thin film can be improved, the deposition efficiency can be increased and generation of particles is minimized when a thin film is deposited on a large-caliber wafer or a substrate.
- Generally, in a process of manufacturing a semiconductor, the chemical vapor deposition apparatus for depositing a thin film on a wafer or a substrate employs a plasma in order to deposit a thin film of a high quality at low temperature, whereby a raw material is activated to deposit a thin film on the wafer or the substrate. A conventional apparatus for generating plasmas will be now explained in short by reference to FIG. 1a.
- FIG. 1a is a schematic view illustrating an entire structure of a conventional plasma chemical vapor deposition apparatus. The apparatus includes
chamber 107 below which anexhaust outlet 106 is formed, agas injection tube 102 formed through the upper center of thechamber 107 for injecting a plasma generating gas, ashowerhead 110 having a plurality of holes, for spraying the plasma generating gas induced from thegas injection tube 102, which is surrounded by ashield 104 and is also mounted under thegas injection tube 102, ashower ring 103 mounted below theshowerhead 110 for spraying a raw material gas supplied from a raw materialgas injection tube 101 when a plasma is used, asubstrate 108 on which a thin film is deposited the gas sprayed from theshower ring 103 and aheater 109 supporting thesubstrate 108 for providing a given thermal source to the substrate. - At this time, an
insulating plate 105 having an electrode plate for generating a plasma by an outside RF power supply (not shown) is formed on thechamber 107 at the portion of which thegas injection tube 102 passes through. Also, theshower ring 103 is separated from the plasma generating apparatus. - In the above conventional structure, it is impossible to accurately adjust the raw material gas since the
shower ring 103 is directly exposed to the plasma generating gas passing through theshowerhead 110 due to the temperature elevated by the plasma. This results in degrading the quality of a thin film to be grown. Also, in case of employing a large-caliber wafer, as it is difficult to uniformly spray a raw material gas on the entire surface of the wafer, forming a uniform thin film is made impossible. Further, as the distance between the shower ring and the wafer or the shower ring and the substrate is distant, there is a problem that the deposition efficiency of the raw material gas is degraded. - In order to overcome the above problems, Korean Patent Application No.99-0243446 proposes a showerhead apparatus including a plasma generating section, which includes a showerhead of a two-stair structure the upper and lower portion of which has a buffer, respectively, whereby the raw material gas sprayed into the plasma can be constantly distributed to form a uniform thin film on a wafer or a substrate.
- FIG. 1b is a schematic view of the showerhead apparatus including the above plasma generating section. The showerhead apparatus includes first and
second showerheads buffers upper buffer 201 a of thefirst showerhead 201, the plasma is sprayed on awafer 203 through aplasma spray hole 201 b passing through thesecond buffer 202 a, a raw material gas is injected into thesecond buffer 202 a of thesecond showerhead 202 and the raw material gas is sprayed through a plurality of raw materialgas spray holes 202 b formed at the below plate of thesecond buffer 202 a. In the above conventional showerhead apparatus, however, the generated plasma is introduced into the chamber through the plasma spray holes passing through the second buffer, so that the probability or the number in which particles constituting plasmas such as positive ions, electrons, radical etc. collide each other within the spray hole or collide against the internal wall of the spray hole is increased. Thus, there is a drawback that the plasma efficiency is decreased due to loss of the energy. In addition, as the raw material gas introduced into the second buffer is caused to spiral heavily within the second buffer by the plurality of plasma spray holes formed at the second buffer, there are problems that the internal of the showerhead is contaminated and a lot of particles are generated. - The present invention is contrived to solve the above problems and an object of the present invention is to provide a showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition including a showerhead of a two-stair structure separated by a given distance, which has a first buffer for uniformly distributing a raw material gas and a second buffer for uniformly distributing a plasma gas, wherein a plasma is generated within the showerheads and the raw material gas sprayed into the plasma is constantly maintained, thus forming a uniform thin film on a wafer or a substrate.
- Also, another object of the present invention is to provide a showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition capable of forming a thin film of a high quality at a low-temperature process while simplifying the structure of two-stair showerheads having a first buffer and a second buffer.
- In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition comprising a raw material gas spray means including a first buffer which is divided into upper and lower layers for uniformly distributing a gas introduced from a raw material gas injection tube, wherein a plurality of raw material gas spray holes for spraying the raw material gas distributed within the first buffer at a given flow rate is formed at a lower plate of the spray means; a plasma generating gas spray means including a second buffer for uniformly distributing a plasma generating gas between with the raw material gas spray means, wherein a plurality of plasma generating gas spray holes and through holes for spraying the plasma generating gas distributed within the second buffer are formed at a lower plate of the spray means, respectively; a guide means for communicating the raw material gas spray holes in the raw material gas spray means and the through holes in the plasma generating gas spray means and for inducing the raw material gas and the plasma generating gas so that they are not mixed; and a RF generating means mounted at one outside side of the raw material gas spray means, wherein a RF rod for applying an outside RF power is included at a lower plate of the RF generating means.
- The aforementioned aspects and other features of the present invention will be explained in the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
- FIG. 1a is a schematic view illustrating a conventional plasma chemical vapor deposition apparatus;
- FIG. 1b is a front view for illustrating a showerhead having a conventional plasma generator;
- FIG. 2 is a front view of a showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition according to one embodiment of the present invention; and
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of a bottom plate of a second showerhead being an integral part of the present invention.
- A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to accompanying FIGS. 2 and 3.
- A showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition according to the present invention sprays separately a raw material gas and a plasma generating gas, wherein the plasma is used to activate the raw material gas, thus improving uniformity and the quality of a thin film. As shown in FIG. 2, the showerhead apparatus includes an
upper plate 11 formed at an internal upper side of thechamber 10 for performing a process and having afirst heater 12 for uniformly maintaining the temperature of a raw material gas therein, alower plate 13 the side of which is fixed at thechamber 10, for supporting theupper plate 11, a rawmaterial injection tube 14 formed at the central portion of theupper plate 11, for supplying the raw material gas through it and amass flow controller 27 formed at a given position of the raw materialgas injection tube 14, for controlled the inflow of the gas. - Also, a
first buffer 15 a for uniformly distributing the gas introduced from the raw materialgas injection tube 14 is formed within theupper plate 11. Further, afirst showerhead 15, wherein a plurality of raw materialgas spray holes 15 c through which the raw material gas distributed within thefirst buffer 15 a is sprayed at a given flow rate are formed, is formed at alower plate 15 b. - Here, the
lower plate 15 b of thefirst showerhead 15 is formed of an electrode plate, from which plasma is generated by RF applied from a RF power supply to be explained later. Thefirst showerhead 15 has thefirst buffer 15 a that is divided into upper and lower spaces. Further thefirst showerhead 15 includes amiddle plate 16 having a plurality ofexhaust holes 16 a for uniformly distributing the raw material gas distributed into the upper space of the showerhead into the lower space of the showerhead, and a support pin 17 erectly formed at the circumferential face of thelower plate 15 b in thefirst shower head 15 for supporting themiddle plate 16 in order to form a lower space between themiddle plate 16 and itself. - At the lower portion of the
first showerhead 15 is formed asecond buffer 18 a for uniformly distributing the flow of the plasma generating gas between itself and thefirst showerhead 15. Also, there is formed asecond showerhead 18 for spraying the plasma generating gas distributed within thesecond buffer 18 a, wherein a plurality of plasma generatinggas spray holes 18 c are formed at thelower plate 18 b of thesecond showerhead 18. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, athrough hole 18 d facing thehole 15 c formed at thelower plate 15 b of thefirst showerhead 15 is formed around thespray holes 18 c formed at thelower plate 18 b of thesecond showerhead 18. - In addition, a
RF power 19 having aRF rod 19 a and aRF connector 19 b which apply an outside RF power supply to thelower plate 15 b of thefirst showerhead 15 is formed to be uprightly through theupper plate 11 at one side of thefirst showerhead 15. - Meanwhile, in order for the raw material gas and the plasma generating gas not to be mixed together, a
guide tube 20 made of an insulator, one side of which is mounted at the raw materialgas spray hole 15 c in thefirst showerhead 15 and the other side of which passes through the throughhole 18 d in thesecond showerhead 18, is formed. - A first
insulating member 21 is formed at a circumferential face of theRF rod 19 a in theRF power 19, and a secondinsulating member 22 for covering thefirst buffer 15 a is formed between the upper portion of thefirst buffer 15 a and theupper plate 11 in thefirst showerhead 15. Also, a third insulatingmember 23 is formed at a circumferential face of thesecond buffer 18 a in thesecond showerhead 18 in order to keep the upper and lower width of thesecond buffer 18 a. At this time, the second and third insulatingmembers lower plate 13 and the first to third insulatingmembers lower plate 15 b in thefirst showerhead 15. - Further, a plasma
gas inlet tube 24 for supplying a plasma gas into thesecond buffer 18 a of thesecond showerhead 18 is formed at one circumferential side of thelower plate 15 b in thefirst showerhead 15. Also, aplasma gas buffer 25 is formed at a lower portion of which a plasmagas distribution hole 25 a is formed at one circumferential side of thelower plate 15 b in thefirst showerhead 15 so that theplasma gas buffer 25 can communicate with the plasmagas inlet tube 24. Agas passage 26 for introducing the plasma gas into thesecond buffer 18 a along with the plasmagas distribution hole 25 a is formed between thelower plate 15 b and the thirdinsulating member 23, is formed. - An
unexplained reference numeral 31 indicates an exhaust port for exhausting the gas within thechamber 10 toward the outside, 32 indicates a wafer or a substrate on which a raw material gas activated by the plasma generating gas sprayed from thesecond showerhead 18 is deposited to form a thin film and 33 indicates a second heater supporting thesubstrate 32, for providing a given thermal source to thesubstrate 32. - An embodiment of the present invention constructed above will be in detail explained below.
- First, if the gas supplied from the plasma generating
gas inlet tube 24 is introduced into thesecond buffer 18 a in thesecond showerhead 18 via the plasmagas distribution hole 25 a in thegas buffer 25 and thegas passage 26, the electric power from theRF power 19 is applied to thelower plate 15 b in thefirst showerhead 15 via theRF rod 19 a, thus generating a plasma. The plasma thus generated is sprayed into thesubstrate 32 via the plasma generatinggas spray holes 18 c from at thelower plate 18 b in thesecond showerhead 18 while is maintained at a constant fluid pressure within thesecond buffer 18 a. Also, the raw material gas from the raw materialgas injection tube 14 is introduced into the upper space formed at thefirst buffer 15 a of thefirst showerhead 15. Then, this gas is again introduced into the lower space in thefirst buffer 15 a via theholes 16 a in themiddle plate 16, so that the fluid pressure of the raw material gas is uniformly distributed. At this time, the heater built in theupper plate 11 constantly maintains the temperature of the raw material gas distributed within thefirst buffer 15 a of thefirst showerhead 15. - Then, the raw material gas distributed within the
first buffer 15 a in thefirst showerhead 15 is sprayed onto thesubstrate 32 via thespray holes 15 c formed at thelower plate 15 b of thefirst showerhead 15 and theguide tube 20 communicating with the throughhole 18 d formed at thelower plate 18 b. - As mentioned above, the raw material gas passed through the
guide tube 20 after being distributed into thefirst buffer 15 and the neutral radical of the plasma generating gas passed through the spray holes 18 c in thesecond showerhead 18 are sprayed onto the substrate with the two being separated to each other. During this process, reaction of the raw material gas with the neutral radical is prevented. Thus, vapor reaction that becomes a major reason in generation of particles can be prohibited, and a thin film having a uniform and good quality can be formed on the wafer or thesubstrate 32. - The present invention has been described with reference to a particular embodiment in connection with a particular application. Those having ordinary skill in the art and access to the teachings of the present invention will recognize additional modifications and applications within the scope thereof.
- It is therefore intended by the appended claims to cover any and all such applications, modifications, and embodiments within the scope of the present invention.
- As mentioned above, the present invention provides a two-stair showerhead structure in which the plasma generating section and the raw material gas spray section are incorporated. Thus, the present invention can prevent collision and injection of ions and electros, which caused a problem in a deposition process using conventional plasma generation. Also, introduction of impurities such as carbon (C), hydrogen (H), chlorine (Cl), brome (Br), etc. and a large quantity of particles, which existed when a metal organic source or a metal inorganic source is used a raw material gas, can be prevented. In addition, as the passage through which the radical generated from the showerhead apparatus is introduced into the chamber can be maintained at its minimum, the efficiency of radical can be maximized. Also, according to the present invention, as a thin film of a high quality can be formed at a low-temperature process, reliability of the process can be improved and the throughput of the product can be increased.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR10-2000-0007366A KR100378871B1 (en) | 2000-02-16 | 2000-02-16 | showerhead apparatus for radical assisted deposition |
KR2000-7366 | 2000-02-16 | ||
KR00-7366 | 2000-02-16 |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20010042799A1 true US20010042799A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
US6435428B2 US6435428B2 (en) | 2002-08-20 |
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US09/776,004 Expired - Lifetime US6435428B2 (en) | 2000-02-16 | 2001-02-02 | Showerhead apparatus for radical-assisted deposition |
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JP2001262352A (en) | 2001-09-26 |
KR100378871B1 (en) | 2003-04-07 |
US6435428B2 (en) | 2002-08-20 |
KR20010081563A (en) | 2001-08-29 |
JP3762233B2 (en) | 2006-04-05 |
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