US20010043291A1 - Screen input type display device - Google Patents
Screen input type display device Download PDFInfo
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- US20010043291A1 US20010043291A1 US09/838,213 US83821301A US2001043291A1 US 20010043291 A1 US20010043291 A1 US 20010043291A1 US 83821301 A US83821301 A US 83821301A US 2001043291 A1 US2001043291 A1 US 2001043291A1
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- substrate
- display device
- pressure sensitive
- sensitive adhesive
- conductive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/13338—Input devices, e.g. touch panels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/045—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using resistive elements, e.g. a single continuous surface or two parallel surfaces put in contact
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133616—Front illuminating devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
- G02F2203/02—Function characteristic reflective
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a screen input type display device having a constitution in which a touch panel which detects input coordinates based on the change of resistance by a push manipulation is laminated.
- a liquid crystal display device which is used as display means of a personal computer or as other monitor is known. This display device irradiates illumination light to images formed on a liquid crystal panel and visualizes the images by irradiating a transmitting light or a reflection light to a display surface side.
- a screen input type display device which adopts this type of liquid crystal display device uses a liquid crystal panel which sandwiches a liquid crystal layer in a space defined between a pair of laminated substrates having pixel selecting electrodes and the like and can generate images by changing the orientation state of liquid crystal molecules corresponding to selected pixel portions. Since the generated image per se is not in the visible state, the liquid crystal panel is irradiated by giving light from outside and a transmitting light or a reflection light therefrom is observed.
- one substrate which becomes an information input side is constituted of a soft film such as a transparent plastic sheet or the like
- the other substrate is constituted of a transparent hard plate preferably made of glass
- resistance films are respectively provided to opposing surfaces of two transparent substrates. Due to such a constitution, a two dimensional coordinates value is detected based on the resistance value between resistance films of respective substrates which are brought into contact with each other with the push manipulation applied from one substrate side and an output terminal.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining an example of an overall constitution of a screen input type display device which constitutes a display device provided with a touch panel.
- This display device is constituted by laminating a touch panel 100 on a liquid crystal panel 300 .
- the illustrated display device is of a type which inserts an auxiliary light source device 200 between the liquid crystal panel 300 and the touch panel 100
- a display device which mounts the auxiliary light source device on a side opposite to a display screen of the liquid crystal panel 300 or a display device which is not provided with the auxiliary light source device has been commercialized.
- numeral 202 indicates a lamp which constitutes the auxiliary light source device 200
- numeral 203 indicates a lamp reflection sheet which also constitutes the auxiliary light source device 200 .
- FIG. 19A and FIG. 19B are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining the constitution and the state at the time of push manipulation of an essential part of a signal input side of the touch panel shown in FIG. 18.
- the upper substrate is referred as a first substrate and the lower substrate is referred as a second substrate for facilitating the explanation, these substrates may be arranged up side down.
- numeral 2 indicates an upper substrate made of a transparent film such as plastic or the like and numeral 3 indicates a lower substrate made of a hard plate such as a glass plate.
- an upper resistance film 4 and a lower resistance film 5 which are respectively preferably made of ITO are formed as a coating.
- dot-like spacers 9 which prevent upper and lower resistance films 4 , 5 from coming into contact with each other in the non-input manipulation state are formed.
- the spacers 9 are formed by printing using a mask having given apertures or a photolithography technique or the like of a photosensitive resin.
- the upper resistance film 4 is electrically connected to an upper wiring electrode 6 which is formed on the upper resistance film of the upper substrate and an inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 which is formed on the lower substrate.
- the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 is connected to a coordinates recognition circuit disposed outside by a outgoing line (generally, a flexible printed circuit board: FPC) not shown in the drawing by way of a pull-around wiring not shown in the drawing.
- a outgoing line generally, a flexible printed circuit board: FPC
- the lower resistance film 5 which is formed on the lower substrate 3 is connected to a lower wiring electrode not shown in the drawing and the lower resistance film 5 is connected to the outgoing line by way of a pull-around wiring not shown in the drawing which is formed on the inner surface of the lower substrate 3 .
- the upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 are respectively coated with protective films (insulation films) 12 A, 12 B and these protective films are adhered to each other by means of a seal agent (adhesive agent or adhesive sheet) 13 .
- the input region AR is positioned by way of an inoperable region NR.
- the inoperable region NR is a portion which becomes insensitive at the time of performing the push input manipulation. As shown in FIG. 19B, this inoperable region NR corresponds to an input invalidation space which is formed when the upper substrate 2 is deflected toward the lower substrate 3 upon receiving the press pressure of a nib 56 which constitutes input means.
- an inoperable region forming member 14 is provided to prevent an input failure of information by the push input manipulation of the nib 56 . That is, the inoperable region forming member 14 having a size which ensures the entrance of the nib 56 in the input region AR in the state shown in FIG. 19B and is made of transparent insulation material is provided to the inoperable region NR.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the constitution of an essential part of a connection portion between the upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 of the touch panel.
- the upper wiring electrode 6 formed on the upper resistance film 4 on the inner surface of the upper substrate 2 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 formed on the inner surface of the lower substrate 3 are electrically connected with each other by way of an adhesive agent 14 made of epoxy resin in which metal particles are mixed.
- the adhesive agent 14 in which the metal particles are mixed is used for the connection between the upper wiring electrode 6 formed on the upper resistance film 4 of the upper substrate 2 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 formed on the lower substrate 3 , the irregularities are liable to be generated in the connection resistance and it is difficult to stabilize the linearity of the detected resistance value. This brings about an erroneous operation. To reduce this erroneous operation, the load which a coordinates detection circuit must bear becomes large. This also has been a task to be solved for enhancing the reliability of the screen input type display device.
- the present invention adopts a planar (or tape-like) structural body which sandwiches a metal foil between conductive pressure sensitive adhesive agents, that is, a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member which coats the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive agents on both surfaces of the metal foil.
- the resistance film of the first substrate may be directly brought into contact with the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member without interposing a wiring electrode therebetween.
- metal particles preferably made of copper particles or alternatively plastic particles or glass particles which have a metal plating made of nickel, gold or other metal formed on surface thereof can be used.
- the structural body having such a constitution since the resistance film of a first substrate or the wiring electrode which is connected to the resistance film and the inter-substrate wiring electrode formed on the second substrate are electrically connected by a face contact, the stability of the contact resistance is achieved. Accordingly, the linearity of the resistance value detection is improved so that the erroneous operation of the coordinates detection can be obviated and a load that a coordinates detection circuit must bear can be reduced.
- the gap between the first substrate and the second substrate (upper and lower substrates) can be arbitrarily, accurately and uniformly controlled, and the input feeling can be enhanced.
- the present invention adopts a structural body (conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member) which is formed by coating pressure sensitive adhesive material in which metal particles are mixed on one surface of a metal foil and coating pressure sensitive adhesive material in which conductive particles formed by applying a metal plating on surfaces of plastic particles or conductive particles formed by applying a conductive metal plating on surfaces of glass particles are mixed on the other surface of the metal foil.
- a structural body conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member
- the above-mentioned one surface is made to face the first substrate in an opposed manner and the other surface is made to face the second substrate in an opposed manner. Due to such a constitution, by making use of collapsing or embedding of the conductive particles, the direct contact area between the conductive particles and the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive members formed on the inner surface of either one or the other substrate or between the conductive particles and the resistance films can be increased. Here, the formation of the wiring electrode on the first substrate side can be omitted. Further, by directly embedding the conductive particles into the wiring electrode or the resistance film formed on the inner surface of one substrate, the direct contact area can be increased and the gap can be accurately set.
- the above-mentioned one substrate and the other substrate respectively constitute the first substrate and the second substrate and either one of these substrates constitutes an input-side substrate, that is, an upper substrate of a touch panel which becomes a product or a substrate opposite to the input-side substrate, that is, a lower substrate of the touch panel.
- a liquid crystal display device which uses a liquid crystal panel of a so-called “passive matrix type”, “active matrix type” or other known type can be used.
- the present invention is not limited to the reflection-type liquid crystal display device and is applicable to a transparent-type or a semitransparent/reflection type liquid crystal display device. Further, the present invention is not limited to the liquid crystal display device and is applicable to other display devices.
- the constitution of the screen input type display device of the present invention which laminates the touch panel is not limited to the constitution described in “what is claimed is” and the constitutions of embodiments which will be explained later. That is, the constitution of the screen input type display device of the present invention is also applicable to any conductive connection between a first substrate and a second substrate of a touch panel of a system which detects coordinates based on the change of capacity between the first and second substrates or change of other electric quantity or of a digital system. In this manner, various modifications are conceivable without departing from the technical concept of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is an developed perspective view for explaining the entire constitution of a first embodiment of a touch panel which constitutes a screen input type display device according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line A-A of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a first example of conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member formed in a seal region of the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a third example of conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member formed in a seal region of the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a developed perspective view for explaining the entire constitution of a second embodiment of a touch panel which constitutes a screen input type display device according to the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part taken along a line B-B of FIG. 5 for explaining the constitution of a seal region of the second embodiment of the present invention in an enlarged form;
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view for schematically explaining the structure of a first example of a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view for schematically explaining the structure of a second example of a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view for schematically explaining the structure of a third example of a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the constitution of an essential part of a third embodiment of the touch panel constituting the screen input type display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view similar to that of FIG. 6 for explaining the constitution of a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member of a fourth embodiment of the touch panel constituting the screen input type display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory view for explaining the manufacturing steps of a touch panel used in the screen input type display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view for explaining one mode for carrying out a screen input type display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view for explaining other mode for carrying out a screen input type display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 15A-FIG. 15E are views of an outer appearance of the screen input type display device of the present invention as viewed from five directions;
- FIG. 16A-FIG. 16D are cross-sectional views of an essential part of FIG. 15A-FIG. 15E;
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory view of one example of an information processing device which uses the screen input type display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a schematic constitutional example of a screen input type display device which constitutes a display device having a touch panel;
- FIG. 19A and FIG. 19B are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining the constitution of an essential part of a signal output side of the touch panel shown in FIG. 18 and the state of the touch panel at the time of performing the push manipulation;
- FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the constitution of an essential part of an upper and lower wiring connection portion of the touch panel shown in FIG. 19A and FIG. 19B.
- FIG. 1 is a developed view showing an entire constitution of a first embodiment of a touch panel which constitutes a screen input type display device of the present invention. Further, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line A-A of FIG. 1.
- first substrate 2 (hereinafter called “upper substrate”) made of polyethylene telephthalate (PET) film and a second substrate (hereinafter called “lower substrate”) 3 made of glass
- first resistance film (hereinafter called “upper resist film”) 4 made of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide)
- second resistance film (hereinafter called “lower resistance film”) 5 are respectively formed as a coating.
- dot-like spacers 9 which prevent the upper and lower resistance films 4 , 5 from coming into contact with each other in a non-input manipulation state (ordinary state) are formed.
- These spacers 9 are formed by printing using a mask having given apertures or by a photolithography technique using a photosensitive resin or the like. The arrangement interval of the spacers 9 is set greater than the width of a nib which constitutes press means.
- the upper resistance film 4 is electrically connected to an upper wiring electrode 6 which is formed by printing or the like in a seal region SL and is preferably made of a silver paste, while the upper wiring electrode 6 is electrically connected to an inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 through a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member 8 .
- This inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 is pulled around by means of an inter-substrate connection wiring electrode pull-around wiring 17 formed on the lower substrate 3 to a side (output side) where an FPC 11 is adhered with pressure and is connected to a coordinates recognition circuit disposed outside through an outgoing line carried by the FPC 11 .
- the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member 8 is interposed between the upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 so that the upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 are electrically connected with each other by bridging and the upper and lower substrates are adhered to each other.
- lower wiring electrodes 16 are respectively provided to both end portions of the lower resistance film 5 formed on the inner surface of the lower substrate 3 and are respectively pulled around toward the output side through lower wiring electrode pull-around wiring 18 .
- the upper resistance film 4 is formed such that the film 4 terminates in front of positions where the upper resistance film 4 and the lower wiring electrodes 16 are superposed. Accordingly, they are electrically insulated from each other.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a first example of the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member provided to the seal region in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- This conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member 8 is formed by coating pressure sensitive adhesive material 8 B in which conductive particles 8 C are mixed on both surfaces of a metal foil 8 A.
- a low-resistance metal such as a copper foil, aluminum foil or the like can be used as the metal foil 8 A, the copper foil is used in this embodiment.
- a non-metallic good conductor can be used.
- the acrylic resin is used in this embodiment.
- the copper foil is used as the metal foil 8 A in this embodiment, the similar advantageous effect can be obtained with the use of the aluminum foil.
- the conductive particles 8 C which are mixed into the pressure sensitive adhesive material 8 B any one of particles made of copper, aluminum, nickel, or stainless steel can be used. In this embodiment, copper particles are used. The same goes for following embodiments.
- the electric connection between the conductive particles 8 C and the upper wiring electrode 6 , the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 and the metal foil 8 A can be improved and the uniformity of the gap is ensured.
- the conventional touch panel since the above-mentioned lamination is performed by adhesion, when the displacement occurs between the upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 due to an application of an external force, it is difficult to return them to an original position.
- conductive particles 8 C shown in FIG. 3 conductive particles which are formed by applying a metal plating made of nickel or gold on surfaces of hard plastic particles preferably made of PET (polyethylene telephthalate) are used.
- the plastic particles When the conductive particles which are formed by applying the metal plating on surfaces of the plastic particles are used, at the time of laminating the upper substrate which constitutes the first substrate and the lower substrate which constitutes the second substrate and forming a gap between these substrates, the plastic particles are collapsed due to the press force at the time of forming the gap. Accordingly, the contact areas of the conductive particles to the upper wiring electrode 6 , the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 and the metal foil 8 A are increased and hence, the irregularities of the resistance values are reduced whereby an advantageous effect that the linearity of the resistance value detection can be made stable is obtained.
- the allowance of the displacement of the upper wiring electrode 6 , the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 due to the external force and the return of the upper wiring electrode 6 , the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 to the original position can be obtained as in the case of the first example.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a third example of the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member formed in the seal region of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- this conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member 8 large-diameter conductive particles 8 E are embedded in the pressure sensitive adhesive material 8 D and these large-diameter conductive particles 8 E control the gap defined between the upper and lower substrates in place of the metal foil in the above-mentioned example.
- conductive particles 8 E conductive particles which are made of metal particles such as copper particles or the like are formed by applying a metal plating made of gold, nickel or the like around large-diameter plastic particles and those used in the above-mentioned example can be used in the same manner.
- the metal particles are embedded into the upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 coated on the inner surfaces of the upper and lower substrates due to a press force at the time of forming the gap between the upper and lower substrates so that the contact area thereof is increased and hence, the contact resistance becomes more uniform.
- the plastic particles are collapsed due to a press force at the time of forming the gap between the upper and lower substrates so that the contact area thereof is also increased and hence, the contact resistance also becomes more uniform.
- the electric contact between the upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 disposed between the upper and lower substrates is also enhanced so that the irregularities of the resistance value are reduced and an advantageous effect that the linearity of the resistance value detection can be made stable is obtained. Further, the allowance of the displacement between the upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 due to an external force and the return of them to the original position can be realized.
- FIG. 5 is a developed perspective view for explaining an entire constitution of the second embodiment of a touch panel which constitutes a screen input type display device of the present invention.
- numerals 6 A, 6 B indicate upper wiring electrodes
- numerals 7 A, 7 B indicate inter-substrate connection wiring electrodes formed on the inner surfaces of the lower substrate 3
- numeral 80 indicates conductive pressure sensitive adhesive members which electrically connect the wiring electrodes 6 A, 6 B of the upper substrate 2 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrodes 7 A, 7 B at seal portions of the upper and lower substrates.
- Parts having the same numerals with those shown in FIG. 1 correspond to identical functional parts.
- an upper resistance film 4 is formed on the entire surface of the inner surface of the upper substrate 2 and the upper wiring electrodes 6 A, 6 B are formed on the upper resistance film 4 in the vicinity of both end portions thereof (left and right sides of FIG. 5).
- Pressure sensitive adhesive tapes 15 make the upper and lower substrates adhere to each other at portions other than portions corresponding to the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive members 80 .
- the pressure sensitive adhesive tapes 15 are indicated as L-shaped members in FIG. 5, it is preferable to cut a tape-like member into strips and to adhere them in view of the easiness of operation.
- the insulation structure is not limited to the above and an insulation layers may be separately provided.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part taken along a line B-B of FIG. 5 which explains the constitution of the seal region in the second embodiment of the present invention in an enlarged form.
- the upper wiring electrode 6 A formed on the upper resistance film 4 formed on the entire surface of the inner surface of the upper substrate 2 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 A formed on the seal region portion of the lower substrate 3 are electrically connected by a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member 80 .
- the above-mentioned wiring electrode 6 A and inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 A are formed by coating or printing the silver paste.
- a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member 80 which is interposed between the upper wiring electrode 6 B and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 B is formed in the same manner as the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member 80 which is interposed between the upper wiring electrode 6 A and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 A (The same goes for constitutions which will be explained hereinafter).
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view for schematically explaining the structure of a first example of the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member is formed in a taped shape by forming acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive material 80 B in which conductive particles 80 C are mixed on both surfaces of the metal foil 80 A.
- acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive material 80 B As the metal foil 80 A, a copper foil or an aluminum foil may be used or alternatively rubber-based pressure sensitive adhesive material may be used in place of the acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive material.
- the electric contact between the conductive particles 80 C and the upper wiring electrode 6 ( 6 A, 6 B), the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 ( 7 A, 7 B) and the metal foil 80 A is increased, the uniformity of the gap is obtained, and the electric contact of the upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 disposed between the upper and lower substrates is improved so that the irregularities of the resistance values are reduced whereby an advantageous effect that the linearity of the resistance value detection can be made stable is obtained.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view for schematically explaining the structure of a second example of the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member is formed in a taped shape by applying acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive material 80 B in which conductive particles 80 D are mixed to both surfaces of the metal foil 80 A.
- the conductive particles 80 D are formed by applying a metal plating on surfaces of hard plastic particles which are preferably made of PET.
- conductive particles 80 D conductive particles to which the metal plating made of nickel or gold is applied can be used.
- rubber-based pressure sensitive adhesive material may be used in place of the acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive material.
- the electric contact between the conductive particles 80 D and the upper wiring electrode 6 ( 6 A, 6 B), the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 ( 7 A, 7 B) and the metal foil 80 A is improved.
- the conductive particles formed by applying a metal plating on surfaces of plastic particles is used as the conductive particles 80 D, when the upper and lower substrates 2 , 3 are laminated to each other and a gap is formed between both substrates, the collapsing of the plastic particles occurs due to the press pressure at the time of forming the gap.
- the uniformity of the gap is obtained, and the electric contact of the upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 disposed between the upper and lower substrates is improved so that the irregularities of the resistance values are reduced and an advantageous effect that the linearity of the resistance value detection can be made stable is obtained. Further, the allowance of the displacement between the upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 due to an external force and the return of them to the original position can be realized.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view for schematically explaining the structure of a third example of the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member 80 is formed in a taped shape by forming acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive material 80 B in which the conductive particles 80 C are mixed on the upper wiring electrode 6 A side of the metal foil 80 A and by forming acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive material in which conductive particles 80 D which are formed by applying a metal plating on surfaces of hard plastic particles preferably made of PET on the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 A side of the metal foil 80 A.
- the metal foil a copper foil or an aluminum foil can be used.
- rubber-based pressure sensitive adhesive material may be used in place of the acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive material.
- the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member 80 having the structure of this example, when the upper and lower substrates 2 , 3 are laminated to each other and a gap is formed between both substrates, the collapsing of the plastic particles occurs due to the press pressure at the time of forming the gap. Accordingly, the contact area of the conductive particles with the upper wiring electrode 6 ( 6 A, 6 B), the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 ( 7 A, 7 B) and the metal foil 80 A is increased so that the irregularities of the resistance values are reduced and an advantageous effect that the linearity of the resistance value detection can be made stable is obtained. Further, the allowance of the displacement between the upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 due to an external force and the return of them to the original position can be realized as in the case of the previously-mentioned examples.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 6 which explains the constitution of an essential part of a third embodiment of a touch panel which constitutes a screen input type display device according to the present invention.
- This embodiment is characterized by eliminating the upper wiring electrode 6 which is coated on the upper resistance film 4 formed on the inner surface of the upper substrate 2 from the constitution explained in conjunction with FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9.
- the conductive pressure sensitive material 80 B in which the conductive particles 80 C or 80 D of the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member 80 which face the upper substrate in an opposed manner are mixed is directly adhered to the upper resist film 4 .
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the constitution of a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member of the fourth embodiment of the touch panel which constitutes the screen input type display device of the present invention.
- a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member 80 is formed by embedding large-diameter conductive particles 80 E in pressure sensitive adhesive material 80 B.
- the conductive particles 80 E plastic particles which apply a metal (gold, nickel or the like) plating on surfaces thereof are used.
- These large-diameter conductive particles 8 E are provided for controlling the gap between the upper and lower substrates.
- this conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member 80 By adhering the upper and lower substrates using this conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member 80 , the gap between the upper and lower substrates can be controlled.
- the plastic particles When the conductive particles which form the plating made of metal such as nickel or the like on the surfaces of large-diameter plastic particles are used, the plastic particles are collapsed by a press force at the time of forming the gap between the upper and lower substrates and hence, the contact area is increased and the contact resistance becomes more uniform.
- the electric contact between the upper and lower substrates is enhanced so that an advantageous effect that the irregularities of the resistance values are reduced whereby the linearity of the resistance value detection can be made stable is obtained.
- the allowance of the displacement between the upper wiring electrode and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode due to an external force and the return of them to the original position can be realized as in the case of the previously-mentioned examples.
- the large-diameter metal particles may be used in place of the conductive particles 80 E which are formed by applying a metal plating on surfaces of large-diameter plastic particles.
- the metal particles are embedded into the upper wiring electrode and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode coated on the inner surfaces of the upper and lower substrates due to a press force at the time of forming the gap between the upper and lower substrates so that the contact area thereof is increased and hence, the contact resistance becomes more uniform.
- the electric contact between the upper and lower substrates is enhanced so that an advantageous that the irregularities of the resistance values are reduced whereby the linearity of the resistance value detection can be made stable can be obtained. Simultaneously, it becomes possible to obtain an advantageous effect that the mechanical strength of the laminated upper and lower substrates can be enhanced.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory view of fabrication steps of the touch panel used in the screen input type display device of the present invention.
- numeral 20 indicates a lower substrate processing step
- numeral 30 indicates an upper substrate processing step
- numeral 40 indicates an assembling step
- numeral 50 indicates an inspection step.
- the lower substrate processing step 20 after cleaning a received glass on which an ITO film has been already formed as a lower resistance film by a cleaning machine, spacers (dot spacers in this step) are printed on the glass by a printing machine.
- a conductive paste made of silver (Ag) paste or the like is printed on both ends (see the above-mentioned embodiments) of the glass substrate so as to form inter-substrate connection wiring, lower wiring electrodes and pull-around wiring.
- an inoperable region forming member ( 14 in FIG. 19) is printed around an input region.
- Conductive pressure sensitive adhesive members are laminated using a tape laminating machine and then pressure sensitive adhesive tapes 15 are laminated thus obtaining a lower substrate.
- a received PET film provided with an ITO film as an upper resistance film is cut into a given size by a film cutter and cut films are cleaned and are subjected to an annealing treatment. Thereafter, a conductive paste such as a silver paste or the like is printed on the film to obtain the upper substrate.
- a conductive paste such as a silver paste or the like is printed on the film to obtain the upper substrate.
- the produced upper and lower substrates are laminated to each other by a laminating machine and are subjected to the pressure sensitive adhesion while setting a given gap therebetween.
- the laminated substrates are cut into a product size using a cutting machine and, as a final step, an FPC which constitutes a signal output terminal is adhered to the cut piece with pressure so as to complete a touch panel.
- the completed touch panel is transported to an inspection step where the completed touch panel is checked with respect to given inspection items.
- the inter-substrate connection wiring electrodes and the pull-around wiring are formed on the lower substrate side, these may be formed on the opposite-side substrate, that is, the upper substrate side. Further, the electric connection of these components to the FPC may be performed at the upper substrate side.
- the pull-around wiring to the FPC and the inter-substrate wiring electrodes which connect the lower resistance film to the upper substrate may be formed on the upper substrate, and they may be electrically connected to each other using pressure sensitive tapes similar to those of the above-mentioned embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view for explaining one embodiment using a liquid crystal display device as a screen input type display device of the present invention.
- an auxiliary light source device 200 which includes a light guide body 201 and a linear lamp 202 and a touch panel 100 are mounted on a reflection type liquid crystal panel 300 .
- a reflection layer 302 made of an aluminum thin film, a protective film 303 made of a reflection prevention film such as SiO2 or the like and a lower electrode (signal electrode) 304 made of a transparent conductive film such as ITO or the like are formed on an inner surface of a first substrate 301 which constitutes a lower substrate of the liquid crystal panel 300 .
- grid-like or stripe-like light-shielding films are formed among respective colors R, G, B which constitute the color filters 306 when necessary and the protective film 307 is formed on the light-shielding films.
- a liquid crystal layer 309 made of a liquid crystal composite is inserted between the first and second substrates 301 , 305 and is sealed by seal material 310 made of epoxy resin or the like thus constituting a liquid crystal display panel.
- a polarizer 312 b On a surface of the second substrate 305 of the liquid crystal panel, a polarizer 312 b , a first phase difference plate 312 c and a second phase difference plate 312 d are laminated. Between each two of the second substrate 305 , the polarizer 312 b , the first phase difference plate 312 c and the second phase difference plate 312 d , adhesive layers 311 , 311 a made of an adhesive agent (for example, epoxy-based or acrylic-based adhesive agent), pressure sensitive adhesive material or the like is formed so as to fixedly secure respective members.
- an adhesive agent for example, epoxy-based or acrylic-based adhesive agent
- the adhesive agent means an adhesive agent with which even when two optical films 312 of various kinds which are once laminated are peeled off, such optical films 312 can be laminated to each other again.
- the reflection layer 302 may preferably have the mirror reflection characteristics in view of the reflectance.
- an aluminum film is formed by a vapor deposition technique.
- a multi-layered film may be formed on the surface of the reflection layer 302 for enhancing the reflectance.
- a protective film 303 is formed on the reflection layer 302 for the purpose of protecting the reflection layer 302 from erosion and of flattening the surface of the reflection layer 302 .
- the reflection layer is not limited to an aluminum film and may be a metal film made of chromium or silver or a non-metallic film so long as the film has the mirror reflection characteristics.
- the protective film 303 is not limited to the SiO2 film and may be any insulation film which can protect the reflection layer 302 . That is, an inorganic film such as a silicon nitride film or the like, an organic metal film such as an organic titanium film or the like or an organic film made of polyimide or epoxy resin or the like may be used. Particularly, the organic film made of polyimide or epoxy resin or the like exhibits an excellent flatness and hence, a lower electrode 304 which is formed on the protective film 303 can be easily formed. Further, when the organic metal film such as the organic titanium film or the like is used as the protective film 303 , it becomes possible to form the lower electrode 304 at high temperature so that the wiring resistance of the lower electrode 304 can be decreased.
- an inorganic film such as a silicon nitride film or the like
- an organic metal film such as an organic titanium film or the like or an organic film made of polyimide or epoxy resin or the like
- the organic film made of polyimide or epoxy resin or the like exhibits
- an illumination device which includes a light guide body 201 and a light source 202 is disposed as an auxiliary illumination device 200 which is used when the external light is insufficient.
- the light guide plate 201 is made of a transparent resin such as acrylic resin and a print patterning or a surface irregularity processing is applied to a viewer side surface (upper surface) of the light guide plate 201 to make a light L 4 of the light source 202 irradiated toward the liquid crystal panel side.
- a touch panel 100 is mounted on the auxiliary illumination device 200 .
- this touch panel 100 when the surface of the touch panel 100 is pushed with a rod-like body having a sharpened tip such as a nib or a fingertip, the coordinates of a position corresponding to a pushed portion is detected and data signals to be transmitted to a host ( 550 in FIG. 17 which will be explained later) of an information processing device ( 547 in FIG. 17 which will be also explained later) are outputted.
- the second substrate 305 of the liquid crystal panel 300 , the light guide body 201 of the auxiliary light source device 200 and the touch panel 100 are fixedly secured to each other by a pressure sensitive adhesive double coated tape (for example, nonwoven fabric impregnated with a pressure sensitive adhesive agent) or the like.
- a pressure sensitive adhesive double coated tape for example, nonwoven fabric impregnated with a pressure sensitive adhesive agent
- This auxiliary illumination device 200 is not always necessary and is unnecessary in an environment which is always bright.
- the adhesive layer 311 a which is disposed between the first phase difference plate 312 c and the second phase difference plate 312 d is provided with a light diffusion function.
- light diffusion material having a refractive index different from that of the adhesive agent is mixed in the adhesive agent.
- transparent organic particles made of polyethylene, polystyrene, divinylbenzene or transparent inorganic particles made of silica or the like can be used as the light diffusion material.
- the adhesive material pressure sensitive adhesive material having the refractive index different from that of the light diffusion material can be used. In this case, even when the first phase difference plate 312 c and the second phase difference plate 312 d are erroneously laminated to each other, it is possible to reproduce them.
- the absorption in the visible light region can be reduced and hence, the reflectance and the spectral characteristics of the liquid crystal panel can be improved.
- the organic-based material when used as the adhesive agent, by using the organic particles as the light diffusion material, the difference of thermal expansion coefficient between them can be decreased so that the occurrence of cracks in the adhesive layer 311 a can be prevented.
- An incident light L 1 which is incident on the liquid crystal display device 400 from various directions reaches the reflection layer 302 after passing the touch panel 100 , the light guide plate 201 of the auxiliary illumination device 200 , the polarizer 312 b , the adhesive layer 311 which is provided for fixing the polarizer 312 b to the first phase difference plate 312 c , the first phase difference plate 312 c , the adhesive layer 311 a having a light diffusion function which is provided for fixing the first phase difference plate 312 c to the second phase difference plate 312 d , the second phase difference plate 312 d , the adhesive layer 311 which is provided for fixing the second phase difference plate 312 d to the second substrate 305 , the second substrate 305 , the color filters 306 , the upper electrode 308 , the liquid crystal layer 309 and a specified pixel electrode (or a specified signal electrode) 304 a.
- the external light L 1 which has reached the reflection layer 302 is reflected to become a reflection light L 2 and the reflection light L 2 reaches the adhesive layer 311 a having a light diffusion function through a path inverse to the path of the incident light L 1 .
- the reflection light L 2 which has entered the adhesive layer 311 a is scattered in various directions to generate scattering lights L 3 .
- the direct reflection light L 2 and the scattering lights L 3 irradiated from the adhesive layer 311 a are emitted to the outside of the liquid crystal display device 400 after passing the first phase difference plate 312 c which compensates for the phase difference generated when the light passes the liquid crystal layer 309 by making use of the birefringence effect, the adhesive layer 311 , the polarizer 312 b , the light guide plate 201 and the touch panel 100 .
- the viewer can recognize the display controlled by the specified pixel 304 a by observing the direct reflection light L 3 emitted to the outside of the liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view for explaining other embodiment of the screen input type display device of the present invention. Parts indicated by the same numeral in FIG. 13 corresponds to parts having identical functions.
- an auxiliary light source device 200 similar to the device explained in conjunction with FIG. 13 is laminated on the liquid crystal panel 300 and a touch panel 100 is mounted on the auxiliary light source device 200 thus constituting a screen input type liquid crystal display device 400 .
- the liquid crystal panel 300 is a thin film transistor (TFT) type liquid crystal panel which is a typical example of an active matrix type.
- TFT thin film transistor
- a plurality of pixels each of which has a thin film transistor TFT 1 and a pixel electrode 304 a are formed on the inside of a first substrate 301 which constitutes the liquid crystal panel 300 .
- Each pixel is arranged in a region where two neighboring scanning signal lines and two neighboring video signal lines cross each other.
- the thin film transistor TFT 1 is constituted of a first semiconductor layer (channel layer) AS which is formed on the first substrate 301 , a second semiconductor layer (semiconductor layer doped with impurity) r 0 formed on the first semiconductor layer AS and a source electrode SD 1 and a drain electrode SD 2 formed on the second semiconductor layer r 0 .
- the source electrode SD 1 and the drain electrode SD 2 are respectively formed of a multi-layered film made of conductive films r 1 and r 2
- the source electrode SD 1 and the drain electrode SD 2 may be formed of a single-layered film made of only the conductive film r 1 .
- the electrode SD 1 is set as the source electrode and the electrode SD 2 is set as the drain electrode in a following explanation for facilitating the understanding of the invention.
- PSV 1 indicates an insulation film (protective film) which protects the thin film transistor TFT 1
- numeral 304 a indicates the pixel electrode
- ORI 1 and ORI 2 respectively indicate orientation films for orienting a liquid crystal layer 309 which is brought into contact with the first substrate 301 side and a second substrate 305 side
- numeral 308 indicates an upper electrode (common electrode).
- BM indicates a light shielding film which is also called a black matrix.
- the light shielding film BM has a function of enhancing the contrast by shielding light between neighboring pixel electrodes 304 a.
- Numeral 310 indicates a conductive film which makes the upper electrode 308 electrically connected to a terminal (multi-layered metal conductive film made of g 1 , g 2 , r 1 , r 2 and r 3 ) formed on the first substrate 301 .
- the thin film transistor TFT 1 As in the case of an insulation-gate-type field-effect transistor, when a selective voltage is applied to a gate line voltage GT, the source electrode SD 1 and the drain electrode SD 2 are electrically connected and hence, the thin film transistor TFT 1 functions as a switch.
- the pixel electrode 304 a is connected to the source electrode SD 1 , the video signal line is connected to the drain electrode SD 2 , and the scanning signal line is connected to the gate electrode GT. Depending on the selective voltage applied to the scanning signal line, the specified pixel electrode 304 a is selected and a gradation voltage applied to the video signal line is supplied to the specified pixel electrode 304 a.
- a CST formed of a conductive film g 1 constitutes a capacity electrode and has a function of holding the gradation voltage supplied to the pixel electrode 304 a by a next selection period.
- This active matrix type liquid crystal panel 300 is provided with the switching element such as the thin film transistor or the like for each pixel and hence, a problem that a crosstalk is generated between different pixels can be obviated and it is unnecessary to suppress the crosstalk by a special drive such as a voltage equalization method whereby the multi-gradation display can be realized. Further, the active matrix type liquid crystal panel 300 has other features including a feature that the contrast is not decreased even when the number of scanning lines are increased.
- the pixel electrode 304 a is constituted of a reflection metal film made of aluminum, chromium, titanium, tantalum, molybdenum or the like. Further, since the protection film PSV 1 is disposed between the pixel electrode 304 a and the thin film transistor TFT 1 , even when the pixel electrode 304 a is made large and eventually is superposed on the thin film transistor TFT 1 , the erroneous operation can be prevented whereby the liquid crystal panel having high reflectance can be realized.
- this liquid crystal panel is not provided with the first phase difference plate which is used in the liquid crystal panel of a form explained in FIG. 13 and instead is provided with a third phase difference plate 312 e for improving the visual angle characteristics.
- This third phase difference plate 312 e is also called a visual angle enlargement film and improves the angle dependency of the display characteristics of the liquid crystal panel by making use of the birefringence characteristics.
- the third phase difference plate 312 e can be constituted of an organic resin film made of polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polysulfone or the like and hence, by using a light diffusion adhesive layer 311 a as an adhesive layer for fixing the third phase difference plate 312 e to the second phase difference plate 312 d , the occurrence of the cracks in the light diffusion adhesive layer 311 a can be prevented.
- FIG. 15A to FIG. 15E are views as viewed from five directions for explaining the outer appearance of a screen input type display device according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 15A is a front view as viewed from a display surface side, FIG. 15B is an upper side view, FIG. 15C is a lower side view, FIG. 15D is a left-side side view, and FIG. 15E is a right-side side view.
- numeral 318 indicates an upper case (shield case) constituted of a metal plate made of stainless steel, iron, aluminum or the like and numeral 320 indicates a first opening which constitutes a display window formed on the upper case 310 .
- numeral 319 indicates a lower case constituted of a metal plate made of stainless steel, iron, aluminum or the like or plastic such as polycarbonate, ABS resin or the like.
- Numeral 321 indicates pawls formed on the upper case 318 and numeral 322 indicates hooks formed on the lower case 319 .
- the upper case 318 is connected to the lower case 319 by pressing the lower case 319 to the upper case with the engagement of the pawls 321 and the hooks 322 .
- Numeral 201 indicates a light guide plate made of transparent material such as acrylic resin, glass or the like
- numeral 202 indicates a light source (lamp) such as a fluorescent lamp, a LED or the like. They constitute an auxiliary light source device 200 (here, a front light) which illuminates the liquid crystal panel 300 when an external light is insufficient.
- Numeral 100 indicates a touch panel for inputting data to be transmitted to a host (information processing part) connected to a liquid crystal display device 400 .
- Numeral 312 indicates optical films such as a light diffusion layer, a polarizer, a phase difference plate and the like which are formed on a display part of the liquid crystal display device 400 .
- these optical films are designed such that they are accommodated in a region of an opening of the upper case 318 .
- FIG. 16A to FIG. 16D are cross-sectional views of an essential part of FIG. 15A to FIG. 15E, wherein FIG. 16A is a cross-sectional view taken along a line A-A of FIG. 15A, FIG. 16B is a cross-sectional view taken along a line B-B of FIG. 15B, FIG. 16C is a cross-sectional view taken along a line C-C of FIG. 15C, and FIG. 16D is a cross-sectional view taken along a line D-D of FIG. 15D.
- the liquid crystal panel is fabricated such that the first substrate 301 and the second substrate 305 are laminated to each other, the liquid crystal is injected in a gap formed by such lamination and thereafter an injection opening is sealed by sealing material 331 .
- An opening 323 is formed in a portion of the upper case 318 which corresponds to the sealing material 331 so that even when the sealing material is protruded, the expansion of the size of the contour of the liquid crystal panel can be prevented.
- a printed circuit board (scanning line drive PCB) 330 for driving scanning lines which mounts a scanning line drive IC chip 328 is arranged.
- the printed circuit board 330 is connected to the liquid crystal panel through a flexible printed circuit board 329 .
- a printed circuit board (signal line drive PCB) 333 for driving signal lines which has a flexible printed circuit board 329 , mounts a signal line drive IC chip 332 and is connected to the liquid crystal panel is arranged.
- Various signals and voltages for display are supplied to the scanning line drive PCB 330 and the signal line drive PCB 333 from an external circuit (host) through an interface connector 324 .
- an interface connector 324 is provided to the scanning line drive PCB 330 , the interface connector 324 may be formed on the signal line drive PCB 333 .
- Numeral 326 indicates a spacer for fixing the scanning line drive PCB 330 and numeral 327 indicates a spacer for pressing connection portions which connect the scanning line drive PCB 330 and the signal line drive PCB 333 to the liquid crystal panel.
- These spacers are constituted of insulation resilient material such as rubber or the like.
- Numeral 325 indicates a pressure sensitive adhesive double coated tape and a non-woven fabric impregnated with epoxy-based adhesive agent can be used as such a tape 325 , for example.
- the pressure sensitive adhesive double coated tape 325 With the use of the pressure sensitive adhesive double coated tape 325 , the upper case 318 is fixed to the liquid crystal panel, the upper case of the liquid crystal panel is fixed to the light guide plate 201 of the auxiliary light source device 200 , and the light guide plate 201 of the auxiliary light source device 200 is fixed to the touch panel 100 .
- An inwardly protruding portion 319 a is formed on the lower case 319 which provides an integration of the liquid crystal panel together with the upper case 318 .
- This protruding portion 319 a resiliently holds the liquid crystal panel.
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory view of one example of an information processing device which uses the screen input type display device of the present invention.
- This image processing device is also called a so-called “portable information terminal” and is constituted of a body part 547 and a display part 548 .
- the body part 547 includes a keyboard 549 , a host (information processing part) 550 having a microcomputer 551 and a battery 552 .
- the above-mentioned push input type liquid crystal display device 400 is mounted on the display part 548 and characters or devices 558 are inputted on the touch panel exposed at the display part or icons 559 displayed on the display part are selected using a pen 556 accommodated in a pen accommodating part 557 .
- an inverter power source 554 is mounted on the display part 548 for supplying a lighting power to the auxiliary light source device through a cable 555 .
- this information processing device can be connected to a portable telephone 560 through a cable 561 so that communication can be performed by connecting the information processing device to an information communication network such as Internet.
- the information processing device can be miniaturized and light-weighted so that the availability of the device can be enhanced.
Abstract
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to a screen input type display device having a constitution in which a touch panel which detects input coordinates based on the change of resistance by a push manipulation is laminated.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- As an example of a display device, a liquid crystal display device which is used as display means of a personal computer or as other monitor is known. This display device irradiates illumination light to images formed on a liquid crystal panel and visualizes the images by irradiating a transmitting light or a reflection light to a display surface side.
- In general, a screen input type display device which adopts this type of liquid crystal display device uses a liquid crystal panel which sandwiches a liquid crystal layer in a space defined between a pair of laminated substrates having pixel selecting electrodes and the like and can generate images by changing the orientation state of liquid crystal molecules corresponding to selected pixel portions. Since the generated image per se is not in the visible state, the liquid crystal panel is irradiated by giving light from outside and a transmitting light or a reflection light therefrom is observed.
- Recently, an information terminal which uses this type of liquid crystal display device as display means and is provided with a touch panel which is laminated on a screen of the liquid crystal display device and inputs various information through the screen by a push manipulation has been widely used.
- Although there exist touch panels of various systems depending on operation principles, the most popular touch panel is one which adopts a system in which input coordinates are detected depending on a change quantity of resistance, a so-called “analogue resistance film system”.
- In this touch panel of this analogue resistance film system, one substrate which becomes an information input side is constituted of a soft film such as a transparent plastic sheet or the like, the other substrate is constituted of a transparent hard plate preferably made of glass, and resistance films are respectively provided to opposing surfaces of two transparent substrates. Due to such a constitution, a two dimensional coordinates value is detected based on the resistance value between resistance films of respective substrates which are brought into contact with each other with the push manipulation applied from one substrate side and an output terminal.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining an example of an overall constitution of a screen input type display device which constitutes a display device provided with a touch panel. This display device is constituted by laminating a
touch panel 100 on aliquid crystal panel 300. Although the illustrated display device is of a type which inserts an auxiliarylight source device 200 between theliquid crystal panel 300 and thetouch panel 100, a display device which mounts the auxiliary light source device on a side opposite to a display screen of theliquid crystal panel 300 or a display device which is not provided with the auxiliary light source device has been commercialized. In the drawing,numeral 202 indicates a lamp which constitutes the auxiliarylight source device 200 andnumeral 203 indicates a lamp reflection sheet which also constitutes the auxiliarylight source device 200. - FIG. 19A and FIG. 19B are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining the constitution and the state at the time of push manipulation of an essential part of a signal input side of the touch panel shown in FIG. 18. Although the upper substrate is referred as a first substrate and the lower substrate is referred as a second substrate for facilitating the explanation, these substrates may be arranged up side down.
- In FIG. 19A and FIG. 19B,
numeral 2 indicates an upper substrate made of a transparent film such as plastic or the like andnumeral 3 indicates a lower substrate made of a hard plate such as a glass plate. On inner surfaces of these twosubstrates upper resistance film 4 and alower resistance film 5 which are respectively preferably made of ITO are formed as a coating. Further, in an input region AR of thelower resistance film 5 which is formed on thelower substrate 3, dot-like spacers 9 which prevent upper andlower resistance films spacers 9 are formed by printing using a mask having given apertures or a photolithography technique or the like of a photosensitive resin. - In an adhesion region (seal region) SL which is located at an outermost periphery of the touch panel, the
upper resistance film 4 is electrically connected to anupper wiring electrode 6 which is formed on the upper resistance film of the upper substrate and an inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 which is formed on the lower substrate. The inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 is connected to a coordinates recognition circuit disposed outside by a outgoing line (generally, a flexible printed circuit board: FPC) not shown in the drawing by way of a pull-around wiring not shown in the drawing. Thelower resistance film 5 which is formed on thelower substrate 3 is connected to a lower wiring electrode not shown in the drawing and thelower resistance film 5 is connected to the outgoing line by way of a pull-around wiring not shown in the drawing which is formed on the inner surface of thelower substrate 3. - The
upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 are respectively coated with protective films (insulation films) 12A, 12B and these protective films are adhered to each other by means of a seal agent (adhesive agent or adhesive sheet) 13. - In the inside of the seal region SL, the input region AR is positioned by way of an inoperable region NR. The inoperable region NR is a portion which becomes insensitive at the time of performing the push input manipulation. As shown in FIG. 19B, this inoperable region NR corresponds to an input invalidation space which is formed when the
upper substrate 2 is deflected toward thelower substrate 3 upon receiving the press pressure of anib 56 which constitutes input means. - In general, in this inoperable region NR, an inoperable
region forming member 14 is provided to prevent an input failure of information by the push input manipulation of thenib 56. That is, the inoperableregion forming member 14 having a size which ensures the entrance of thenib 56 in the input region AR in the state shown in FIG. 19B and is made of transparent insulation material is provided to the inoperable region NR. - FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the constitution of an essential part of a connection portion between the
upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 of the touch panel. Theupper wiring electrode 6 formed on theupper resistance film 4 on the inner surface of theupper substrate 2 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 formed on the inner surface of thelower substrate 3 are electrically connected with each other by way of anadhesive agent 14 made of epoxy resin in which metal particles are mixed. - In the conventional screen input type display device provided with the touch panel having such a constitution, conductive thin films made of silver paste or the like which are coated on the upper and lower wiring connection portions and the adhesive agent in which the metal particles are mixed are used and hence, when a gap between the upper and lower substrates is set to approximately 40 μm to 150 μm, it is difficult to control such a gap. When the gap between the upper and lower substrates is not uniform, a user has a discomfort in his input feeling at the time of performing the push manipulation. This has been one of tasks to be solved by the present invention.
- Further, since the
adhesive agent 14 in which the metal particles are mixed is used for the connection between theupper wiring electrode 6 formed on theupper resistance film 4 of theupper substrate 2 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 formed on thelower substrate 3, the irregularities are liable to be generated in the connection resistance and it is difficult to stabilize the linearity of the detected resistance value. This brings about an erroneous operation. To reduce this erroneous operation, the load which a coordinates detection circuit must bear becomes large. This also has been a task to be solved for enhancing the reliability of the screen input type display device. - Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a screen input type display device using a touch panel having a high reliability which can solve the above-mentioned tasks the prior art, can easily perform a gap control between an upper and lower substrates, can stabilize the linearity of the resistance value detection with the use of the resistance films and can eliminate the erroneous operation of the coordinates detection.
- To achieve the above-mentioned object, for establishing the connection between a wiring electrode connected to a resistance film of a first substrate and an inter-substrate connection wiring electrode formed on a second substrate, the present invention adopts a planar (or tape-like) structural body which sandwiches a metal foil between conductive pressure sensitive adhesive agents, that is, a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member which coats the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive agents on both surfaces of the metal foil. The resistance film of the first substrate may be directly brought into contact with the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member without interposing a wiring electrode therebetween.
- Further, as conductive material contained in the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive agent, metal particles preferably made of copper particles or alternatively plastic particles or glass particles which have a metal plating made of nickel, gold or other metal formed on surface thereof can be used.
- With the use of the structural body having such a constitution, since the resistance film of a first substrate or the wiring electrode which is connected to the resistance film and the inter-substrate wiring electrode formed on the second substrate are electrically connected by a face contact, the stability of the contact resistance is achieved. Accordingly, the linearity of the resistance value detection is improved so that the erroneous operation of the coordinates detection can be obviated and a load that a coordinates detection circuit must bear can be reduced.
- Further, according to the constitution of the present invention, by changing a thickness of the metal foil, the gap between the first substrate and the second substrate (upper and lower substrates) can be arbitrarily, accurately and uniformly controlled, and the input feeling can be enhanced.
- The present invention adopts a structural body (conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member) which is formed by coating pressure sensitive adhesive material in which metal particles are mixed on one surface of a metal foil and coating pressure sensitive adhesive material in which conductive particles formed by applying a metal plating on surfaces of plastic particles or conductive particles formed by applying a conductive metal plating on surfaces of glass particles are mixed on the other surface of the metal foil.
- Then, the above-mentioned one surface is made to face the first substrate in an opposed manner and the other surface is made to face the second substrate in an opposed manner. Due to such a constitution, by making use of collapsing or embedding of the conductive particles, the direct contact area between the conductive particles and the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive members formed on the inner surface of either one or the other substrate or between the conductive particles and the resistance films can be increased. Here, the formation of the wiring electrode on the first substrate side can be omitted. Further, by directly embedding the conductive particles into the wiring electrode or the resistance film formed on the inner surface of one substrate, the direct contact area can be increased and the gap can be accurately set.
- The above-mentioned one substrate and the other substrate respectively constitute the first substrate and the second substrate and either one of these substrates constitutes an input-side substrate, that is, an upper substrate of a touch panel which becomes a product or a substrate opposite to the input-side substrate, that is, a lower substrate of the touch panel.
- As a display device used as a screen input type display device according to the present invention, a liquid crystal display device which uses a liquid crystal panel of a so-called “passive matrix type”, “active matrix type” or other known type can be used. Further, the present invention is not limited to the reflection-type liquid crystal display device and is applicable to a transparent-type or a semitransparent/reflection type liquid crystal display device. Further, the present invention is not limited to the liquid crystal display device and is applicable to other display devices.
- The constitution of the screen input type display device of the present invention which laminates the touch panel is not limited to the constitution described in “what is claimed is” and the constitutions of embodiments which will be explained later. That is, the constitution of the screen input type display device of the present invention is also applicable to any conductive connection between a first substrate and a second substrate of a touch panel of a system which detects coordinates based on the change of capacity between the first and second substrates or change of other electric quantity or of a digital system. In this manner, various modifications are conceivable without departing from the technical concept of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is an developed perspective view for explaining the entire constitution of a first embodiment of a touch panel which constitutes a screen input type display device according to the present invention;
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line A-A of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a first example of conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member formed in a seal region of the first embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a third example of conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member formed in a seal region of the first embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 5 is a developed perspective view for explaining the entire constitution of a second embodiment of a touch panel which constitutes a screen input type display device according to the present invention;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part taken along a line B-B of FIG. 5 for explaining the constitution of a seal region of the second embodiment of the present invention in an enlarged form;
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view for schematically explaining the structure of a first example of a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view for schematically explaining the structure of a second example of a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view for schematically explaining the structure of a third example of a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the constitution of an essential part of a third embodiment of the touch panel constituting the screen input type display device of the present invention;
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view similar to that of FIG. 6 for explaining the constitution of a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member of a fourth embodiment of the touch panel constituting the screen input type display device of the present invention;
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory view for explaining the manufacturing steps of a touch panel used in the screen input type display device of the present invention;
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view for explaining one mode for carrying out a screen input type display device of the present invention;
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view for explaining other mode for carrying out a screen input type display device of the present invention;
- FIG. 15A-FIG. 15E are views of an outer appearance of the screen input type display device of the present invention as viewed from five directions;
- FIG. 16A-FIG. 16D are cross-sectional views of an essential part of FIG. 15A-FIG. 15E;
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory view of one example of an information processing device which uses the screen input type display device of the present invention;
- FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a schematic constitutional example of a screen input type display device which constitutes a display device having a touch panel;
- FIG. 19A and FIG. 19B are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining the constitution of an essential part of a signal output side of the touch panel shown in FIG. 18 and the state of the touch panel at the time of performing the push manipulation;
- FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the constitution of an essential part of an upper and lower wiring connection portion of the touch panel shown in FIG. 19A and FIG. 19B.
- The modes for carrying out the invention are explained in detail hereinafter in conjunction with embodiments where an analogue type touch panel which detects the change of resistance is described as an example.
- FIG. 1 is a developed view showing an entire constitution of a first embodiment of a touch panel which constitutes a screen input type display device of the present invention. Further, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line A-A of FIG. 1.
- On inner surfaces of a first substrate2 (hereinafter called “upper substrate”) made of polyethylene telephthalate (PET) film and a second substrate (hereinafter called “lower substrate”) 3 made of glass, a first resistance film (hereinafter called “upper resist film”) 4 made of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) and a second resistance film (hereinafter called “lower resistance film”) 5 are respectively formed as a coating.
- In an input region AR of a
lower resistance film 5 formed on thelower substrate 3, dot-like spacers 9 which prevent the upper andlower resistance films spacers 9 are formed by printing using a mask having given apertures or by a photolithography technique using a photosensitive resin or the like. The arrangement interval of thespacers 9 is set greater than the width of a nib which constitutes press means. - The
upper resistance film 4 is electrically connected to anupper wiring electrode 6 which is formed by printing or the like in a seal region SL and is preferably made of a silver paste, while theupper wiring electrode 6 is electrically connected to an inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 through a conductive pressure sensitiveadhesive member 8. This inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 is pulled around by means of an inter-substrate connection wiring electrode pull-aroundwiring 17 formed on thelower substrate 3 to a side (output side) where anFPC 11 is adhered with pressure and is connected to a coordinates recognition circuit disposed outside through an outgoing line carried by theFPC 11. - In the seal region disposed at a side opposite to the side (output side) where the
FPC 11 is formed, the conductive pressure sensitiveadhesive member 8 is interposed between theupper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 so that theupper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 are electrically connected with each other by bridging and the upper and lower substrates are adhered to each other. - On the other hand,
lower wiring electrodes 16 are respectively provided to both end portions of thelower resistance film 5 formed on the inner surface of thelower substrate 3 and are respectively pulled around toward the output side through lower wiring electrode pull-aroundwiring 18. Theupper resistance film 4 is formed such that thefilm 4 terminates in front of positions where theupper resistance film 4 and thelower wiring electrodes 16 are superposed. Accordingly, they are electrically insulated from each other. - FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a first example of the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member provided to the seal region in the first embodiment of the present invention. This conductive pressure sensitive
adhesive member 8 is formed by coating pressure sensitive adhesive material 8B in whichconductive particles 8C are mixed on both surfaces of a metal foil 8A. Although a low-resistance metal such as a copper foil, aluminum foil or the like can be used as the metal foil 8A, the copper foil is used in this embodiment. Here, it is needless to say that a non-metallic good conductor can be used. - Although organic material made of acrylic-based material or the like or rubber-based material can be used as the pressure sensitive adhesive material8B, the acrylic resin is used in this embodiment. Further, although the copper foil is used as the metal foil 8A in this embodiment, the similar advantageous effect can be obtained with the use of the aluminum foil. Further, as the
conductive particles 8C which are mixed into the pressure sensitive adhesive material 8B, any one of particles made of copper, aluminum, nickel, or stainless steel can be used. In this embodiment, copper particles are used. The same goes for following embodiments. - According to this embodiment, the electric connection between the
conductive particles 8C and theupper wiring electrode 6, the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 and the metal foil 8A can be improved and the uniformity of the gap is ensured. In the conventional touch panel, since the above-mentioned lamination is performed by adhesion, when the displacement occurs between theupper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 due to an application of an external force, it is difficult to return them to an original position. However, according to this embodiment, since means which laminates the first and second substrates while ensuring the electric connection between them is the pressure sensitive adhesion by the conductive pressure sensitiveadhesive member 8, when an external force is applied to displace one of two substrates made of the upper and lower substrates from the other, this displacement is allowed to make the both substrates displaced from each other and the electric connection between theupper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 is maintained while they are held in the displaced condition. Then, when the external force is removed, theupper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 are made to return to the original position. - Further, in a second example of the present embodiment, as the
conductive particles 8C shown in FIG. 3, conductive particles which are formed by applying a metal plating made of nickel or gold on surfaces of hard plastic particles preferably made of PET (polyethylene telephthalate) are used. - When the conductive particles which are formed by applying the metal plating on surfaces of the plastic particles are used, at the time of laminating the upper substrate which constitutes the first substrate and the lower substrate which constitutes the second substrate and forming a gap between these substrates, the plastic particles are collapsed due to the press force at the time of forming the gap. Accordingly, the contact areas of the conductive particles to the
upper wiring electrode 6, the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 and the metal foil 8A are increased and hence, the irregularities of the resistance values are reduced whereby an advantageous effect that the linearity of the resistance value detection can be made stable is obtained. Simultaneously, the allowance of the displacement of theupper wiring electrode 6, the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 due to the external force and the return of theupper wiring electrode 6, the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 to the original position can be obtained as in the case of the first example. - FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a third example of the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member formed in the seal region of the first embodiment of the present invention. With respect to this conductive pressure sensitive
adhesive member 8, large-diameter conductive particles 8E are embedded in the pressure sensitiveadhesive material 8D and these large-diameter conductive particles 8E control the gap defined between the upper and lower substrates in place of the metal foil in the above-mentioned example. As the conductive particles 8E, conductive particles which are made of metal particles such as copper particles or the like are formed by applying a metal plating made of gold, nickel or the like around large-diameter plastic particles and those used in the above-mentioned example can be used in the same manner. - When the large-diameter metal particles are used, the metal particles are embedded into the
upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 coated on the inner surfaces of the upper and lower substrates due to a press force at the time of forming the gap between the upper and lower substrates so that the contact area thereof is increased and hence, the contact resistance becomes more uniform. - Further, when the metal particles which are formed by applying the metal plating made of gold, nickel or the like around large-diameter plastic particles, the plastic particles are collapsed due to a press force at the time of forming the gap between the upper and lower substrates so that the contact area thereof is also increased and hence, the contact resistance also becomes more uniform.
- According to this example, the electric contact between the
upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 disposed between the upper and lower substrates is also enhanced so that the irregularities of the resistance value are reduced and an advantageous effect that the linearity of the resistance value detection can be made stable is obtained. Further, the allowance of the displacement between theupper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 due to an external force and the return of them to the original position can be realized. - With the provision of the constitution of the touch panel explained in the above-mentioned first embodiment, the erroneous operation of the coordinates inputted through the screen can be prevented so that it becomes possible to provide a screen input type display device which can realize a highly reliable screen inputting.
- FIG. 5 is a developed perspective view for explaining an entire constitution of the second embodiment of a touch panel which constitutes a screen input type display device of the present invention. In the drawing, numerals6A, 6B indicate upper wiring electrodes,
numerals lower substrate 3, numeral 80 indicates conductive pressure sensitive adhesive members which electrically connect the wiring electrodes 6A, 6B of theupper substrate 2 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrodes - In this embodiment, an
upper resistance film 4 is formed on the entire surface of the inner surface of theupper substrate 2 and the upper wiring electrodes 6A, 6B are formed on theupper resistance film 4 in the vicinity of both end portions thereof (left and right sides of FIG. 5). Pressure sensitiveadhesive tapes 15 make the upper and lower substrates adhere to each other at portions other than portions corresponding to the conductive pressure sensitiveadhesive members 80. Although the pressure sensitiveadhesive tapes 15 are indicated as L-shaped members in FIG. 5, it is preferable to cut a tape-like member into strips and to adhere them in view of the easiness of operation. - Although the
lower wiring electrodes 16, the lower wiring electrode pull-aroundwirings 18, the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode pull-aroundwirings 17 are insulated from theupper resistance film 4 by the pressure sensitiveadhesive tapes 15, the insulation structure is not limited to the above and an insulation layers may be separately provided. - Since other constitution of this embodiment is identical with that of the first embodiment which has been explained in conjunction with FIG. 1, the repeated explanation of such a constitution is omitted.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part taken along a line B-B of FIG. 5 which explains the constitution of the seal region in the second embodiment of the present invention in an enlarged form. In this embodiment, the upper wiring electrode6A formed on the
upper resistance film 4 formed on the entire surface of the inner surface of theupper substrate 2 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7A formed on the seal region portion of thelower substrate 3 are electrically connected by a conductive pressuresensitive adhesive member 80. The above-mentioned wiring electrode 6A and inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7A are formed by coating or printing the silver paste. - Here, a conductive pressure
sensitive adhesive member 80 which is interposed between the upper wiring electrode 6B and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7B is formed in the same manner as the conductive pressuresensitive adhesive member 80 which is interposed between the upper wiring electrode 6A and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7A (The same goes for constitutions which will be explained hereinafter). - FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view for schematically explaining the structure of a first example of the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member in the second embodiment of the present invention. In this example, the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member is formed in a taped shape by forming acrylic-based pressure sensitive
adhesive material 80B in whichconductive particles 80C are mixed on both surfaces of themetal foil 80A. As themetal foil 80A, a copper foil or an aluminum foil may be used or alternatively rubber-based pressure sensitive adhesive material may be used in place of the acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive material. - Due to the constitution of this embodiment, the electric contact between the
conductive particles 80C and the upper wiring electrode 6 (6A, 6B), the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 (7A, 7B) and themetal foil 80A is increased, the uniformity of the gap is obtained, and the electric contact of theupper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 disposed between the upper and lower substrates is improved so that the irregularities of the resistance values are reduced whereby an advantageous effect that the linearity of the resistance value detection can be made stable is obtained. Simultaneously, the allowance of the displacement between theupper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 due to the external force and the return of theupper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 to the original position can be obtained as in the case of the above-mentioned respective examples. - FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view for schematically explaining the structure of a second example of the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member in the second embodiment of the present invention. In this example, the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member is formed in a taped shape by applying acrylic-based pressure sensitive
adhesive material 80B in whichconductive particles 80D are mixed to both surfaces of themetal foil 80A. Here, theconductive particles 80D are formed by applying a metal plating on surfaces of hard plastic particles which are preferably made of PET. As theconductive particles 80D, conductive particles to which the metal plating made of nickel or gold is applied can be used. Alternatively, rubber-based pressure sensitive adhesive material may be used in place of the acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive material. - Due to the constitution of this example, the electric contact between the
conductive particles 80D and the upper wiring electrode 6 (6A, 6B), the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode 7 (7A, 7B) and themetal foil 80A is improved. Further, in the case that the conductive particles formed by applying a metal plating on surfaces of plastic particles is used as theconductive particles 80D, when the upper andlower substrates - Accordingly, the uniformity of the gap is obtained, and the electric contact of the
upper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 disposed between the upper and lower substrates is improved so that the irregularities of the resistance values are reduced and an advantageous effect that the linearity of the resistance value detection can be made stable is obtained. Further, the allowance of the displacement between theupper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 due to an external force and the return of them to the original position can be realized. - With the provision of the constitution of the touch panel explained in the above-mentioned second embodiment, the erroneous operation of the coordinates inputted through the screen can be prevented so that it becomes possible to provide a screen input type display device which can realize a highly reliable screen inputting.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view for schematically explaining the structure of a third example of the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member in the second embodiment of the present invention. In this example, the conductive pressure
sensitive adhesive member 80 is formed in a taped shape by forming acrylic-based pressure sensitiveadhesive material 80B in which theconductive particles 80C are mixed on the upper wiring electrode 6A side of themetal foil 80A and by forming acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive material in whichconductive particles 80D which are formed by applying a metal plating on surfaces of hard plastic particles preferably made of PET on the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7A side of themetal foil 80A. As the metal foil, a copper foil or an aluminum foil can be used. Alternatively, rubber-based pressure sensitive adhesive material may be used in place of the acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive material. - With the use of the conductive pressure
sensitive adhesive member 80 having the structure of this example, when the upper andlower substrates metal foil 80A is increased so that the irregularities of the resistance values are reduced and an advantageous effect that the linearity of the resistance value detection can be made stable is obtained. Further, the allowance of the displacement between theupper wiring electrode 6 and the inter-substrateconnection wiring electrode 7 due to an external force and the return of them to the original position can be realized as in the case of the previously-mentioned examples. - FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 6 which explains the constitution of an essential part of a third embodiment of a touch panel which constitutes a screen input type display device according to the present invention. This embodiment is characterized by eliminating the
upper wiring electrode 6 which is coated on theupper resistance film 4 formed on the inner surface of theupper substrate 2 from the constitution explained in conjunction with FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9. - That is, in this embodiment, the conductive pressure
sensitive material 80B in which theconductive particles sensitive adhesive member 80 which face the upper substrate in an opposed manner are mixed is directly adhered to the upper resistfilm 4. - Due to this embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned advantageous effects of respective embodiments, a step for forming the upper wiring electrode becomes unnecessary and hence, the reduction of cost can be achieved.
- With the provision of the constitution of the touch panel explained in the above-mentioned third embodiment, the erroneous operation of the coordinates inputted through the screen can be prevented so that it becomes possible to provide a screen input type display device which can realize a highly reliable screen inputting.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the constitution of a conductive pressure sensitive adhesive member of the fourth embodiment of the touch panel which constitutes the screen input type display device of the present invention. In this embodiment, a conductive pressure
sensitive adhesive member 80 is formed by embedding large-diameterconductive particles 80E in pressure sensitiveadhesive material 80B. As theconductive particles 80E, plastic particles which apply a metal (gold, nickel or the like) plating on surfaces thereof are used. - These large-diameter conductive particles8E are provided for controlling the gap between the upper and lower substrates. By adhering the upper and lower substrates using this conductive pressure
sensitive adhesive member 80, the gap between the upper and lower substrates can be controlled. When the conductive particles which form the plating made of metal such as nickel or the like on the surfaces of large-diameter plastic particles are used, the plastic particles are collapsed by a press force at the time of forming the gap between the upper and lower substrates and hence, the contact area is increased and the contact resistance becomes more uniform. - In this embodiment also, the electric contact between the upper and lower substrates is enhanced so that an advantageous effect that the irregularities of the resistance values are reduced whereby the linearity of the resistance value detection can be made stable is obtained. Simultaneously, the allowance of the displacement between the upper wiring electrode and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode due to an external force and the return of them to the original position can be realized as in the case of the previously-mentioned examples.
- The large-diameter metal particles may be used in place of the
conductive particles 80E which are formed by applying a metal plating on surfaces of large-diameter plastic particles. In this case, the metal particles are embedded into the upper wiring electrode and the inter-substrate connection wiring electrode coated on the inner surfaces of the upper and lower substrates due to a press force at the time of forming the gap between the upper and lower substrates so that the contact area thereof is increased and hence, the contact resistance becomes more uniform. - In this embodiment also, the electric contact between the upper and lower substrates is enhanced so that an advantageous that the irregularities of the resistance values are reduced whereby the linearity of the resistance value detection can be made stable can be obtained. Simultaneously, it becomes possible to obtain an advantageous effect that the mechanical strength of the laminated upper and lower substrates can be enhanced.
- With the provision of the constitution of the touch panel explained in the above-mentioned fourth embodiment, the erroneous operation of the coordinates inputted through the screen can be prevented so that it becomes possible to provide a screen input type display device which can realize a highly reliable screen inputting.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory view of fabrication steps of the touch panel used in the screen input type display device of the present invention. In the drawing, numeral20 indicates a lower substrate processing step, numeral 30 indicates an upper substrate processing step, numeral 40 indicates an assembling step, and numeral 50 indicates an inspection step.
- In the lower
substrate processing step 20, after cleaning a received glass on which an ITO film has been already formed as a lower resistance film by a cleaning machine, spacers (dot spacers in this step) are printed on the glass by a printing machine. A conductive paste made of silver (Ag) paste or the like is printed on both ends (see the above-mentioned embodiments) of the glass substrate so as to form inter-substrate connection wiring, lower wiring electrodes and pull-around wiring. - Thereafter, an inoperable region forming member (14 in FIG. 19) is printed around an input region. Conductive pressure sensitive adhesive members are laminated using a tape laminating machine and then pressure sensitive
adhesive tapes 15 are laminated thus obtaining a lower substrate. - In processing an upper substrate, a received PET film provided with an ITO film as an upper resistance film is cut into a given size by a film cutter and cut films are cleaned and are subjected to an annealing treatment. Thereafter, a conductive paste such as a silver paste or the like is printed on the film to obtain the upper substrate. Here, with respect to the example as explained in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 in which the conductive pressure sensitive adhesive members are directly adhered to the upper substrate this silver paste printing step is omitted.
- In the assembling
step 40, the produced upper and lower substrates are laminated to each other by a laminating machine and are subjected to the pressure sensitive adhesion while setting a given gap therebetween. After performing the pressure sensitive adhesion, the laminated substrates are cut into a product size using a cutting machine and, as a final step, an FPC which constitutes a signal output terminal is adhered to the cut piece with pressure so as to complete a touch panel. The completed touch panel is transported to an inspection step where the completed touch panel is checked with respect to given inspection items. - In the above-mentioned embodiments, although the explanation is made with respect to the case in which the inter-substrate connection wiring electrodes and the pull-around wiring are formed on the lower substrate side, these may be formed on the opposite-side substrate, that is, the upper substrate side. Further, the electric connection of these components to the FPC may be performed at the upper substrate side. In this case, the pull-around wiring to the FPC and the inter-substrate wiring electrodes which connect the lower resistance film to the upper substrate may be formed on the upper substrate, and they may be electrically connected to each other using pressure sensitive tapes similar to those of the above-mentioned embodiment.
- One embodiment of an entire constitution of a screen input type display device of the present invention which incorporates the touch panel produced in the above-mentioned manner therein is explained in detail in conjunction with FIG. 13 to FIG. 17.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view for explaining one embodiment using a liquid crystal display device as a screen input type display device of the present invention. In this embodiment, an auxiliary
light source device 200 which includes alight guide body 201 and alinear lamp 202 and atouch panel 100 are mounted on a reflection typeliquid crystal panel 300. - A
reflection layer 302 made of an aluminum thin film, aprotective film 303 made of a reflection prevention film such as SiO2 or the like and a lower electrode (signal electrode) 304 made of a transparent conductive film such as ITO or the like are formed on an inner surface of afirst substrate 301 which constitutes a lower substrate of theliquid crystal panel 300. - Further, on an inner surface of a
second substrate 305 which constitutes an upper glass substrate,color filters 306 of three colors (R, G, B) which are formed by doping dye or pigment into an organic resin film, aprotective film 307 made of organic material which prevents impurities from being mixed into aliquid crystal layer 309 from thecolor filters 306 and flattens an inner surface of thesecond substrate 305 and an upper electrode (scanning electrode) 308 made of a transparent conductive film such as ITO or the like are formed. - Here, grid-like or stripe-like light-shielding films (black matrix) are formed among respective colors R, G, B which constitute the
color filters 306 when necessary and theprotective film 307 is formed on the light-shielding films. - A
liquid crystal layer 309 made of a liquid crystal composite is inserted between the first andsecond substrates seal material 310 made of epoxy resin or the like thus constituting a liquid crystal display panel. - On a surface of the
second substrate 305 of the liquid crystal panel, apolarizer 312 b, a firstphase difference plate 312 c and a secondphase difference plate 312 d are laminated. Between each two of thesecond substrate 305, thepolarizer 312 b, the firstphase difference plate 312 c and the secondphase difference plate 312 d,adhesive layers 311, 311 a made of an adhesive agent (for example, epoxy-based or acrylic-based adhesive agent), pressure sensitive adhesive material or the like is formed so as to fixedly secure respective members. - Here, the adhesive agent means an adhesive agent with which even when two
optical films 312 of various kinds which are once laminated are peeled off, suchoptical films 312 can be laminated to each other again. By fixing variousoptical films 312 and the liquid crystal panel using such an adhesive agent, when theoptical film 312 and the liquid crystal panel are fixed erroneously, theoptical films 312 and the liquid crystal panel are reproducible so that the yield of fabrication can be enhanced. - The
reflection layer 302 may preferably have the mirror reflection characteristics in view of the reflectance. In this embodiment, an aluminum film is formed by a vapor deposition technique. A multi-layered film may be formed on the surface of thereflection layer 302 for enhancing the reflectance. Further, aprotective film 303 is formed on thereflection layer 302 for the purpose of protecting thereflection layer 302 from erosion and of flattening the surface of thereflection layer 302. - Here, the reflection layer is not limited to an aluminum film and may be a metal film made of chromium or silver or a non-metallic film so long as the film has the mirror reflection characteristics.
- Further, the
protective film 303 is not limited to the SiO2 film and may be any insulation film which can protect thereflection layer 302. That is, an inorganic film such as a silicon nitride film or the like, an organic metal film such as an organic titanium film or the like or an organic film made of polyimide or epoxy resin or the like may be used. Particularly, the organic film made of polyimide or epoxy resin or the like exhibits an excellent flatness and hence, alower electrode 304 which is formed on theprotective film 303 can be easily formed. Further, when the organic metal film such as the organic titanium film or the like is used as theprotective film 303, it becomes possible to form thelower electrode 304 at high temperature so that the wiring resistance of thelower electrode 304 can be decreased. - Above the liquid crystal panel which mounts the multi-layered
optical films 312, an illumination device which includes alight guide body 201 and alight source 202 is disposed as anauxiliary illumination device 200 which is used when the external light is insufficient. - The
light guide plate 201 is made of a transparent resin such as acrylic resin and a print patterning or a surface irregularity processing is applied to a viewer side surface (upper surface) of thelight guide plate 201 to make a light L4 of thelight source 202 irradiated toward the liquid crystal panel side. - Further, on the
auxiliary illumination device 200, atouch panel 100 is mounted. In thistouch panel 100, when the surface of thetouch panel 100 is pushed with a rod-like body having a sharpened tip such as a nib or a fingertip, the coordinates of a position corresponding to a pushed portion is detected and data signals to be transmitted to a host (550 in FIG. 17 which will be explained later) of an information processing device (547 in FIG. 17 which will be also explained later) are outputted. - The
second substrate 305 of theliquid crystal panel 300, thelight guide body 201 of the auxiliarylight source device 200 and thetouch panel 100 are fixedly secured to each other by a pressure sensitive adhesive double coated tape (for example, nonwoven fabric impregnated with a pressure sensitive adhesive agent) or the like. - With the use of the pressure sensitive adhesive double coated tape, after the
liquid crystal panel 300, the auxiliarylight source device 200 and thetouch panel 100 are laminated to each other, it is possible to peel off them and hence, even when theliquid crystal panel 300, theauxiliary illumination device 200 and thetouch panel 100 are erroneously fixed, they can be reproduced. - This
auxiliary illumination device 200 is not always necessary and is unnecessary in an environment which is always bright. - In this embodiment, the adhesive layer311 a which is disposed between the first
phase difference plate 312 c and the secondphase difference plate 312 d is provided with a light diffusion function. To be more specific, light diffusion material having a refractive index different from that of the adhesive agent is mixed in the adhesive agent. When an epoxy resin-based adhesive agent or an acrylic-based adhesive agent is used as the adhesive material, transparent organic particles made of polyethylene, polystyrene, divinylbenzene or transparent inorganic particles made of silica or the like can be used as the light diffusion material. - Here, as the adhesive material, pressure sensitive adhesive material having the refractive index different from that of the light diffusion material can be used. In this case, even when the first
phase difference plate 312 c and the secondphase difference plate 312 d are erroneously laminated to each other, it is possible to reproduce them. - With the use of the transparent organic particles or inorganic particles as the light diffusion material, the absorption in the visible light region can be reduced and hence, the reflectance and the spectral characteristics of the liquid crystal panel can be improved.
- Further, when the organic-based material is used as the adhesive agent, by using the organic particles as the light diffusion material, the difference of thermal expansion coefficient between them can be decreased so that the occurrence of cracks in the adhesive layer311 a can be prevented.
- Although cracks are liable to occur in the adhesive layer by mixing the light diffusion material in the adhesive agent compared to the case which uses only the adhesive material, by inserting the adhesive layer311 a containing the light diffusion material therein between the first
phase difference plate 312 c and the secondphase difference plate 312 d having the substantially same thermal expansion coefficient, a problem that cracks occur in the adhesive layer 311 a can be obviated. - Subsequently, The display principle of the constitution shown in FIG. 13 is explained. An incident light L1 which is incident on the liquid
crystal display device 400 from various directions reaches thereflection layer 302 after passing thetouch panel 100, thelight guide plate 201 of theauxiliary illumination device 200, thepolarizer 312 b, theadhesive layer 311 which is provided for fixing thepolarizer 312 b to the firstphase difference plate 312 c, the firstphase difference plate 312 c, the adhesive layer 311 a having a light diffusion function which is provided for fixing the firstphase difference plate 312 c to the secondphase difference plate 312 d, the secondphase difference plate 312 d, theadhesive layer 311 which is provided for fixing the secondphase difference plate 312 d to thesecond substrate 305, thesecond substrate 305, thecolor filters 306, theupper electrode 308, theliquid crystal layer 309 and a specified pixel electrode (or a specified signal electrode) 304 a. - The external light L1 which has reached the
reflection layer 302 is reflected to become a reflection light L2 and the reflection light L2 reaches the adhesive layer 311 a having a light diffusion function through a path inverse to the path of the incident light L1. The reflection light L2 which has entered the adhesive layer 311 a is scattered in various directions to generate scattering lights L3. - The direct reflection light L2 and the scattering lights L3 irradiated from the adhesive layer 311 a are emitted to the outside of the liquid
crystal display device 400 after passing the firstphase difference plate 312 c which compensates for the phase difference generated when the light passes theliquid crystal layer 309 by making use of the birefringence effect, theadhesive layer 311, thepolarizer 312 b, thelight guide plate 201 and thetouch panel 100. - The viewer can recognize the display controlled by the specified
pixel 304 a by observing the direct reflection light L3 emitted to the outside of the liquid crystal display device. - FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view for explaining other embodiment of the screen input type display device of the present invention. Parts indicated by the same numeral in FIG. 13 corresponds to parts having identical functions. In this embodiment, an auxiliary
light source device 200 similar to the device explained in conjunction with FIG. 13 is laminated on theliquid crystal panel 300 and atouch panel 100 is mounted on the auxiliarylight source device 200 thus constituting a screen input type liquidcrystal display device 400. - The
liquid crystal panel 300 is a thin film transistor (TFT) type liquid crystal panel which is a typical example of an active matrix type. A plurality of pixels each of which has a thin film transistor TFT1 and apixel electrode 304 a are formed on the inside of afirst substrate 301 which constitutes theliquid crystal panel 300. - Each pixel is arranged in a region where two neighboring scanning signal lines and two neighboring video signal lines cross each other. The thin film transistor TFT1 is constituted of a first semiconductor layer (channel layer) AS which is formed on the
first substrate 301, a second semiconductor layer (semiconductor layer doped with impurity) r0 formed on the first semiconductor layer AS and a source electrode SD1 and a drain electrode SD2 formed on the second semiconductor layer r0. Here, although the source electrode SD1 and the drain electrode SD2 are respectively formed of a multi-layered film made of conductive films r1 and r2, the source electrode SD1 and the drain electrode SD2 may be formed of a single-layered film made of only the conductive film r1. - Although the relationship between the source electrode and the drain electrode becomes inverse depending on the manner of applying a voltage, that is, the electrode SD2 becomes the source electrode and the electrode SD1 becomes the drain electrode, the electrode SD1 is set as the source electrode and the electrode SD2 is set as the drain electrode in a following explanation for facilitating the understanding of the invention.
- In the drawing, PSV1 indicates an insulation film (protective film) which protects the thin film transistor TFT1, numeral 304 a indicates the pixel electrode, ORI1 and ORI2 respectively indicate orientation films for orienting a
liquid crystal layer 309 which is brought into contact with thefirst substrate 301 side and asecond substrate 305 side, and numeral 308 indicates an upper electrode (common electrode). - BM indicates a light shielding film which is also called a black matrix. The light shielding film BM has a function of enhancing the contrast by shielding light between neighboring
pixel electrodes 304 a.Numeral 310 indicates a conductive film which makes theupper electrode 308 electrically connected to a terminal (multi-layered metal conductive film made of g1, g2, r1, r2 and r3) formed on thefirst substrate 301. - In the thin film transistor TFT1, as in the case of an insulation-gate-type field-effect transistor, when a selective voltage is applied to a gate line voltage GT, the source electrode SD1 and the drain electrode SD2 are electrically connected and hence, the thin film transistor TFT1 functions as a switch.
- The
pixel electrode 304 a is connected to the source electrode SD1, the video signal line is connected to the drain electrode SD2, and the scanning signal line is connected to the gate electrode GT. Depending on the selective voltage applied to the scanning signal line, the specifiedpixel electrode 304 a is selected and a gradation voltage applied to the video signal line is supplied to the specifiedpixel electrode 304 a. A CST formed of a conductive film g1 constitutes a capacity electrode and has a function of holding the gradation voltage supplied to thepixel electrode 304 a by a next selection period. - This active matrix type
liquid crystal panel 300 is provided with the switching element such as the thin film transistor or the like for each pixel and hence, a problem that a crosstalk is generated between different pixels can be obviated and it is unnecessary to suppress the crosstalk by a special drive such as a voltage equalization method whereby the multi-gradation display can be realized. Further, the active matrix typeliquid crystal panel 300 has other features including a feature that the contrast is not decreased even when the number of scanning lines are increased. - In this embodiment, the
pixel electrode 304 a is constituted of a reflection metal film made of aluminum, chromium, titanium, tantalum, molybdenum or the like. Further, since the protection film PSV1 is disposed between thepixel electrode 304 a and the thin film transistor TFT1, even when thepixel electrode 304 a is made large and eventually is superposed on the thin film transistor TFT1, the erroneous operation can be prevented whereby the liquid crystal panel having high reflectance can be realized. - Further, this liquid crystal panel is not provided with the first phase difference plate which is used in the liquid crystal panel of a form explained in FIG. 13 and instead is provided with a third
phase difference plate 312 e for improving the visual angle characteristics. This thirdphase difference plate 312 e is also called a visual angle enlargement film and improves the angle dependency of the display characteristics of the liquid crystal panel by making use of the birefringence characteristics. - The third
phase difference plate 312 e can be constituted of an organic resin film made of polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polysulfone or the like and hence, by using a light diffusion adhesive layer 311 a as an adhesive layer for fixing the thirdphase difference plate 312 e to the secondphase difference plate 312 d, the occurrence of the cracks in the light diffusion adhesive layer 311 a can be prevented. - FIG. 15A to FIG. 15E are views as viewed from five directions for explaining the outer appearance of a screen input type display device according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 15A is a front view as viewed from a display surface side, FIG. 15B is an upper side view, FIG. 15C is a lower side view, FIG. 15D is a left-side side view, and FIG. 15E is a right-side side view.
- In FIG. 15A to FIG. 15E, numeral318 indicates an upper case (shield case) constituted of a metal plate made of stainless steel, iron, aluminum or the like and numeral 320 indicates a first opening which constitutes a display window formed on the
upper case 310.Numeral 319 indicates a lower case constituted of a metal plate made of stainless steel, iron, aluminum or the like or plastic such as polycarbonate, ABS resin or the like. -
Numeral 321 indicates pawls formed on theupper case 318 and numeral 322 indicates hooks formed on thelower case 319. Theupper case 318 is connected to thelower case 319 by pressing thelower case 319 to the upper case with the engagement of thepawls 321 and thehooks 322. -
Numeral 201 indicates a light guide plate made of transparent material such as acrylic resin, glass or the like, numeral 202 indicates a light source (lamp) such as a fluorescent lamp, a LED or the like. They constitute an auxiliary light source device 200 (here, a front light) which illuminates theliquid crystal panel 300 when an external light is insufficient.Numeral 100 indicates a touch panel for inputting data to be transmitted to a host (information processing part) connected to a liquidcrystal display device 400. -
Numeral 312 indicates optical films such as a light diffusion layer, a polarizer, a phase difference plate and the like which are formed on a display part of the liquidcrystal display device 400. To make the entire thickness of the liquid crystal display device thin, these optical films are designed such that they are accommodated in a region of an opening of theupper case 318. - FIG. 16A to FIG. 16D are cross-sectional views of an essential part of FIG. 15A to FIG. 15E, wherein FIG. 16A is a cross-sectional view taken along a line A-A of FIG. 15A, FIG. 16B is a cross-sectional view taken along a line B-B of FIG. 15B, FIG. 16C is a cross-sectional view taken along a line C-C of FIG. 15C, and FIG. 16D is a cross-sectional view taken along a line D-D of FIG. 15D.
- The liquid crystal panel is fabricated such that the
first substrate 301 and thesecond substrate 305 are laminated to each other, the liquid crystal is injected in a gap formed by such lamination and thereafter an injection opening is sealed by sealingmaterial 331. Anopening 323 is formed in a portion of theupper case 318 which corresponds to the sealingmaterial 331 so that even when the sealing material is protruded, the expansion of the size of the contour of the liquid crystal panel can be prevented. - On the peripheries of the
first substrate 301 and thesecond substrate 305, a printed circuit board (scanning line drive PCB) 330 for driving scanning lines which mounts a scanning linedrive IC chip 328 is arranged. The printedcircuit board 330 is connected to the liquid crystal panel through a flexible printedcircuit board 329. - Further, on the peripheries of the
first substrate 301 and thesecond substrate 305, a printed circuit board (signal line drive PCB) 333 for driving signal lines which has a flexible printedcircuit board 329, mounts a signal linedrive IC chip 332 and is connected to the liquid crystal panel is arranged. - Various signals and voltages for display are supplied to the scanning
line drive PCB 330 and the signalline drive PCB 333 from an external circuit (host) through aninterface connector 324. Here, although aninterface connector 324 is provided to the scanningline drive PCB 330, theinterface connector 324 may be formed on the signalline drive PCB 333. -
Numeral 326 indicates a spacer for fixing the scanningline drive PCB 330 and numeral 327 indicates a spacer for pressing connection portions which connect the scanningline drive PCB 330 and the signalline drive PCB 333 to the liquid crystal panel. These spacers are constituted of insulation resilient material such as rubber or the like. -
Numeral 325 indicates a pressure sensitive adhesive double coated tape and a non-woven fabric impregnated with epoxy-based adhesive agent can be used as such atape 325, for example. With the use of the pressure sensitive adhesive doublecoated tape 325, theupper case 318 is fixed to the liquid crystal panel, the upper case of the liquid crystal panel is fixed to thelight guide plate 201 of the auxiliarylight source device 200, and thelight guide plate 201 of the auxiliarylight source device 200 is fixed to thetouch panel 100. - In this manner, by fixing the liquid crystal panel, the auxiliary
light source device 200 and thetouch panel 100 using the pressure sensitive adhesive doublecoated tape 325, the assembling operation can be simplified and the reproduction after the erroneous assembling is facilitated so that the fabrication yield can be enhanced. - An inwardly protruding portion319 a is formed on the
lower case 319 which provides an integration of the liquid crystal panel together with theupper case 318. This protruding portion 319 a resiliently holds the liquid crystal panel. - FIG. 17 is an explanatory view of one example of an information processing device which uses the screen input type display device of the present invention. This image processing device is also called a so-called “portable information terminal” and is constituted of a
body part 547 and adisplay part 548. Thebody part 547 includes akeyboard 549, a host (information processing part) 550 having amicrocomputer 551 and abattery 552. - The above-mentioned push input type liquid
crystal display device 400 is mounted on thedisplay part 548 and characters ordevices 558 are inputted on the touch panel exposed at the display part oricons 559 displayed on the display part are selected using apen 556 accommodated in a penaccommodating part 557. - Further, an
inverter power source 554 is mounted on thedisplay part 548 for supplying a lighting power to the auxiliary light source device through acable 555. - Signals and voltages for display from the main part are supplied to an
interface connector 324 of the above-mentioned liquid crystal panel which constitutes the liquidcrystal display device 400 mounted on thedisplay part 548 through aninterface cable 553. - Further, this information processing device can be connected to a
portable telephone 560 through acable 561 so that communication can be performed by connecting the information processing device to an information communication network such as Internet. - In this manner, with the use of the screen input type display device of the present invention, the information processing device can be miniaturized and light-weighted so that the availability of the device can be enhanced.
- The shape and the structure of this type of portable information terminal are not limited to those described in the drawing and the portable information terminals having versatile shapes, structures and functions can be considered.
- As has been described heretofore, according to the present invention, it becomes possible to provide a highly reliable image input type display device having a touch panel which can eliminate the erroneous operation for detection of coordinates by stabilizing the linearity of the resistance value detection of the resist films.
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2000144708 | 2000-05-17 | ||
JP2000-144708 | 2000-05-17 | ||
JP2001-058619 | 2001-03-02 | ||
JP2001058619A JP2002041231A (en) | 2000-05-17 | 2001-03-02 | Display unit of screen entry type |
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JP (1) | JP2002041231A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100424427B1 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR100424427B1 (en) | 2004-03-24 |
KR20010106252A (en) | 2001-11-29 |
CN1325054A (en) | 2001-12-05 |
JP2002041231A (en) | 2002-02-08 |
CN1235124C (en) | 2006-01-04 |
US6721019B2 (en) | 2004-04-13 |
TWI284228B (en) | 2007-07-21 |
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