US20030121594A1 - Method for manufacture of tubular multilayer structure from fiber-resin material - Google Patents
Method for manufacture of tubular multilayer structure from fiber-resin material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20030121594A1 US20030121594A1 US10/035,062 US3506201A US2003121594A1 US 20030121594 A1 US20030121594 A1 US 20030121594A1 US 3506201 A US3506201 A US 3506201A US 2003121594 A1 US2003121594 A1 US 2003121594A1
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- Prior art keywords
- mandrel
- station
- tensioned
- fiber
- shaping station
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
- B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
- B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
- B29C53/74—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using a forming surface inthe shape of an endless belt which is recycled after the forming operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H49/00—Unwinding or paying-out filamentary material; Supporting, storing or transporting packages from which filamentary material is to be withdrawn or paid-out
- B65H49/18—Methods or apparatus in which packages rotate
- B65H49/20—Package-supporting devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H81/00—Methods, apparatus, or devices for covering or wrapping cores by winding webs, tapes, or filamentary material, not otherwise provided for
- B65H81/06—Covering or wrapping elongated cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
- B29C53/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C53/8008—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations specially adapted for winding and joining
- B29C53/8016—Storing, feeding or applying winding materials, e.g. reels, thread guides, tensioners
- B29C2053/8025—Storing, feeding or applying winding materials, e.g. reels, thread guides, tensioners tensioning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
Definitions
- the present invention is directed to techniques for manufacturing open ended tubular structures of multilayer form such as seals, bushings and bearings and other wear components from a fiber-resin material, in particular from continuous-carbon-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic materials.
- thermoplastics for seals, bushings, and bearings are gaining excitement. These materials have distinct advantages in a wide variety of industries, including aerospace, oilfield, and chemical/fluid handling.
- the benefits include:
- An object of this invention is to provide improvements in the manufacturing techniques for such multilayer tubular components.
- a further object of this invention is to provide such manufacturing techniques which result in improved product quality while reducing costs.
- a tubular multilayer structure open at both axial ends is manufactured by winding a continuous fiber pre-impregnated with a thermoplastic resin around a rotating heated mandrel.
- the manufacturing method is improved by feeding the material from a supply station to a shaping station before the material is wound around the mandrel.
- the material is then heated over a shaped hot plate while in the shaping station to lightly melt the material without heating the entire wound structure.
- the material is tensioned to at least 15,000 psi before the material is wound around the mandrel to ensure good bonding of the wound layers.
- the material is a continuous fiber such as carbon-graphite pre-impregnated with a thermoplastic resin.
- the material is tensioned by a tensioning structure located between the material supply station and the shaping station.
- the material is tensioned from 15,000 to 25,000 psi.
- FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an assembly for manufacturing a tubular multilayer structure in accordance with this invention
- FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the assembly shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is an end elevational view of the formed tubular structure.
- the present invention relates to a process or method for manufacturing standard tubular shapes such as rings which are open at both axial ends. Such tubular structures could have various known uses including seals, bushings, bearings and other wear components.
- the invention is directed to improvements in known processes wherein a thermoplastic winding process uses continuous fiber such as carbon-graphite that is impregnated with a thermoplastic resin such as PEEK, PEKK or TPI.
- a thermoplastic winding process uses continuous fiber such as carbon-graphite that is impregnated with a thermoplastic resin such as PEEK, PEKK or TPI.
- the fiber volume fraction of the fiber-resin mixture is less than 65%, typically 60%.
- the material is heated before it is laid down in order to obtain fiber orientation.
- the tubular structure is formed by wrapping the material around a hot rotating mandrel until sufficient layers are created for the intended final structure. When the mandrel has cooled the tubular structure can then slide off the mandrel and can then be machined or otherwise finished.
- pressure is applied to the material through nip rolls. Among the objections to conventional practices are that residual stresses cause delaminations which impairs the quality of the tubular structure.
- the tubular structure is formed by winding the fiber-resin material directly onto a mandrel and then later extracting the thus formed structure from the mandrel so that the resulting structure can be machined or otherwise treated particularly with regard to the exposed interior surface of the tubular structure.
- the conventional practices are modified by managing or controlling the tension and heating in such a manner as to produce good interlaminate bond strength while limiting residual stresses, thus reducing the occurrence of delaminations.
- the tensioning aspect of invention involves applying a tension of at least 15,000 psi to the material before the fiber-resin material is applied to the mandrel. This ensures good bonding.
- the range of tension could theoretically have an upper limit approximating the yield strength of the material. For practical purposes, however, it would not be desirable to apply too much tension since this would make it difficult to extract the structure from the mandrel.
- the tension could be in a range of 15,000-100,000 psi. A more preferred range would be 15,000-25,000 psi and the most preferred range would be 20,000-25,000 psi.
- the tension creates good bonding and consolidation of the layers in the structure.
- the material is heated over a shaped hot plate such that the incoming material is lightly melted without heating the entire wound part.
- supplemental heat from an external source can be added to the wound part at specific locations such as wear surfaces and highly machined areas.
- the supplemental heat may come from any suitable external source such as a torch which could be manually operated or automated. The heating would take place for a short period of time at a location away from the mandrel where the part or structure is actually made.
- FIGS. 1 - 2 illustrate an assembly 10 which may be used in the practice of this invention.
- the assembly 10 includes a supply station 12 which may take any suitable form such as being a supply roll or creel from which the fiber-resin material 28 is removed.
- a supply station 12 which may take any suitable form such as being a supply roll or creel from which the fiber-resin material 28 is removed.
- Various components of the assembly as later described including the supply station 12 are mounted on a transversing table or carriage 14 which moves back and forth in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 2 parallel to mandrel 38 .
- a tensioning station 16 which may take any suitable form.
- the tensioning station 16 may include a support 18 having a pivotable arm 20 at the end of which is a tensiometer 22 which operates in conjunction with brake 24 and roller 26 to control the tension of the material 28 .
- the material 28 then passes through guide rollers 30 , 32 and then into shaping station 34 .
- Shaping station 34 includes a shaped hot plate arrangement 36 which may be of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,160,561, all of the details of which are incorporated herein by reference thereto.
- the material 28 is heated over the shaped hot plate 36 so that the incoming material is only lightly melted at a location upstream from the mandrel 38 so that the heating can be done without heating the entire wound part.
- the material 28 is shaped into a generally ribbon form which facilitates the application of the material 28 to the mandrel 38 .
- the plate 36 in the shaping station 34 gives intimate contact with the melted resin to create the desired shape for application of the material 28 to the mandrel 38 .
- the material When the fiber-resin material passes through the shaping station the material is heated to a temperature slightly above the resin melting point and remains in the station over its path of travel for a sufficient residence time to accomplish the light melting. For example, with a plate 36 which is about 6 to 8 inches long, the material would be fed at a rate of about 20 feet per minute. The material entering the station 34 cold would then gradually heat as it passes over the plate 36 until it leaves station 34 slightly melted.
- FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a reversable motor 42 rotating a lead screw 44 on which a drive nut 46 is mounted.
- the drive mechanism includes a guide rod 48 at the opposite end of table 14 . In this manner, depending on the direction of rotation of lead screw 44 the table 14 would move toward or away from the motor 42 in accordance with the back and forth movement of nut 46 .
- Mandrel 38 may take any suitable construction such as being driven by motor 50 with the mandrel 38 supported by bearing supports 52 . Mandrel 38 would be heated and rotated as is known in the art. Thus, during the rotation of mandrel 38 the material 28 is applied or wound on the mandrel 38 to create the desired number of layers in accordance with the intended end product.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a tubular structure 54 which is open at both axial ends and is formed from a plurality of layers.
- Tubular structure 54 could then be used in any conventional manner such as seals, bushings and bearings, wear rings, driveshafts, collars, and sleeves that match desired properties and anti-extrusion rings, drilling tool components, bearings, drill collars, logging sleeves, supports, subsea bearings, drive shafts, pump wear rings and bushings, non-conductive collars, valve seats, tractor systems, single trip perforators, tool bodies, abrasion resistant cylinders, drillable seals and cementing drillable plugs.
Abstract
A method of manufacturing a tubular multilayer structure made from a continuous fiber pre-impregnated with a thermoplastic resin includes feeding the material to a shaping station before the material is wound around the mandrel. The material is heated over a shaped hot plate while in the shaping station to lightly melt the material. The material is tensioned to at least 15,000 psi before the material is wound around the mandrel to ensure good bonding of the wound layers.
Description
- The present invention is directed to techniques for manufacturing open ended tubular structures of multilayer form such as seals, bushings and bearings and other wear components from a fiber-resin material, in particular from continuous-carbon-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic materials.
- The use of continuous-carbon-fiber-reinforced thermoplastics for seals, bushings, and bearings is gaining excitement. These materials have distinct advantages in a wide variety of industries, including aerospace, oilfield, and chemical/fluid handling. The benefits include:
- 1) Excellent corrosion and chemical resistance,
- 2) Superior wear properties, due to low coefficient of friction and self-lubrication,
- 3) High mechanical strength and stability,
- 4) Extreme temperature capabilities,
- 5) high dimensional stability at different temperatures due to low coefficient of thermal expansion in fiber direction,
- 6) Finished parts are easily machinable.
- It would be desirable if improvements could be made to known methods for manufacturing tubular structures such as seals and wear components made from fiber-resin material such as continuous-carbon-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic materials. It would be desirable if such improvements could enhance the end product while reducing costs.
- An object of this invention is to provide improvements in the manufacturing techniques for such multilayer tubular components.
- A further object of this invention is to provide such manufacturing techniques which result in improved product quality while reducing costs.
- In accordance with this invention a tubular multilayer structure open at both axial ends is manufactured by winding a continuous fiber pre-impregnated with a thermoplastic resin around a rotating heated mandrel. The manufacturing method is improved by feeding the material from a supply station to a shaping station before the material is wound around the mandrel. The material is then heated over a shaped hot plate while in the shaping station to lightly melt the material without heating the entire wound structure. The material is tensioned to at least 15,000 psi before the material is wound around the mandrel to ensure good bonding of the wound layers.
- In a preferred practice of this invention the material is a continuous fiber such as carbon-graphite pre-impregnated with a thermoplastic resin. The material is tensioned by a tensioning structure located between the material supply station and the shaping station. Preferably the material is tensioned from 15,000 to 25,000 psi.
- FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an assembly for manufacturing a tubular multilayer structure in accordance with this invention;
- FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the assembly shown in FIG. 1; and
- FIG. 3 is an end elevational view of the formed tubular structure.
- The present invention relates to a process or method for manufacturing standard tubular shapes such as rings which are open at both axial ends. Such tubular structures could have various known uses including seals, bushings, bearings and other wear components. The invention is directed to improvements in known processes wherein a thermoplastic winding process uses continuous fiber such as carbon-graphite that is impregnated with a thermoplastic resin such as PEEK, PEKK or TPI. Reference is made to U.S. Pat. No. 5,198,281 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,094,883, all of the details of which are incorporated herein by reference thereto and which disclose the types of materials that may be used in the practice of this invention.
- Although the invention is preferably practiced where continuous carbon fiber composites are used for forming the structure, it is to be understood that other materials may be used within the practice of this invention.
- In order to assure good wet-out of fibers by resin, which is critical for the applications of this invention, the fiber volume fraction of the fiber-resin mixture is less than 65%, typically 60%.
- In prior techniques the material is heated before it is laid down in order to obtain fiber orientation. The tubular structure is formed by wrapping the material around a hot rotating mandrel until sufficient layers are created for the intended final structure. When the mandrel has cooled the tubular structure can then slide off the mandrel and can then be machined or otherwise finished. In the conventional practices pressure is applied to the material through nip rolls. Among the objections to conventional practices are that residual stresses cause delaminations which impairs the quality of the tubular structure.
- In accordance with this invention the tubular structure is formed by winding the fiber-resin material directly onto a mandrel and then later extracting the thus formed structure from the mandrel so that the resulting structure can be machined or otherwise treated particularly with regard to the exposed interior surface of the tubular structure.
- In accordance with this invention the conventional practices are modified by managing or controlling the tension and heating in such a manner as to produce good interlaminate bond strength while limiting residual stresses, thus reducing the occurrence of delaminations. This is accomplished without the need for complicated expensive techniques. The tensioning aspect of invention involves applying a tension of at least 15,000 psi to the material before the fiber-resin material is applied to the mandrel. This ensures good bonding. The range of tension could theoretically have an upper limit approximating the yield strength of the material. For practical purposes, however, it would not be desirable to apply too much tension since this would make it difficult to extract the structure from the mandrel. In the preferred practice of the invention the tension could be in a range of 15,000-100,000 psi. A more preferred range would be 15,000-25,000 psi and the most preferred range would be 20,000-25,000 psi. The tension creates good bonding and consolidation of the layers in the structure.
- In accordance with the heating aspect of this invention before the fiber-resin material is applied to the mandrel the material is heated over a shaped hot plate such that the incoming material is lightly melted without heating the entire wound part. If desired, supplemental heat from an external source can be added to the wound part at specific locations such as wear surfaces and highly machined areas. The supplemental heat may come from any suitable external source such as a torch which could be manually operated or automated. The heating would take place for a short period of time at a location away from the mandrel where the part or structure is actually made.
- FIGS.1-2 illustrate an
assembly 10 which may be used in the practice of this invention. As shown therein, theassembly 10 includes asupply station 12 which may take any suitable form such as being a supply roll or creel from which the fiber-resin material 28 is removed. Various components of the assembly as later described including thesupply station 12 are mounted on a transversing table orcarriage 14 which moves back and forth in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 2 parallel tomandrel 38. From thesupply station 12 thematerial 28 passes through atensioning station 16 which may take any suitable form. For example, thetensioning station 16 may include asupport 18 having apivotable arm 20 at the end of which is atensiometer 22 which operates in conjunction withbrake 24 androller 26 to control the tension of thematerial 28. Thematerial 28 then passes throughguide rollers shaping station 34. Shapingstation 34 includes a shaped hot plate arrangement 36 which may be of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,160,561, all of the details of which are incorporated herein by reference thereto. Thematerial 28 is heated over the shaped hot plate 36 so that the incoming material is only lightly melted at a location upstream from themandrel 38 so that the heating can be done without heating the entire wound part. - In the
shaping station 34 thematerial 28 is shaped into a generally ribbon form which facilitates the application of thematerial 28 to themandrel 38. The plate 36 in the shapingstation 34 gives intimate contact with the melted resin to create the desired shape for application of the material 28 to themandrel 38. - When the fiber-resin material passes through the shaping station the material is heated to a temperature slightly above the resin melting point and remains in the station over its path of travel for a sufficient residence time to accomplish the light melting. For example, with a plate36 which is about 6 to 8 inches long, the material would be fed at a rate of about 20 feet per minute. The material entering the
station 34 cold would then gradually heat as it passes over the plate 36 until it leavesstation 34 slightly melted. - From the shaping
station 34 thematerial 28 is wound directly on themandrel 38. Except formandrel 38 and its associated structure all of the components of thesystem 10 are mounted on the table 14 in such a manner that the table 14 reciprocates back and forth parallel to the mandrel thereby permitting the material to be wound around the mandrel and create a plurality of layers. Any suitable drive mechanism may be used for moving table 14 back and forth. FIG. 2 schematically illustrates areversable motor 42 rotating alead screw 44 on which adrive nut 46 is mounted. The drive mechanism includes aguide rod 48 at the opposite end of table 14. In this manner, depending on the direction of rotation oflead screw 44 the table 14 would move toward or away from themotor 42 in accordance with the back and forth movement ofnut 46. -
Mandrel 38 may take any suitable construction such as being driven bymotor 50 with themandrel 38 supported by bearing supports 52.Mandrel 38 would be heated and rotated as is known in the art. Thus, during the rotation ofmandrel 38 thematerial 28 is applied or wound on themandrel 38 to create the desired number of layers in accordance with the intended end product. - FIG. 3 illustrates a
tubular structure 54 which is open at both axial ends and is formed from a plurality of layers.Tubular structure 54 could then be used in any conventional manner such as seals, bushings and bearings, wear rings, driveshafts, collars, and sleeves that match desired properties and anti-extrusion rings, drilling tool components, bearings, drill collars, logging sleeves, supports, subsea bearings, drive shafts, pump wear rings and bushings, non-conductive collars, valve seats, tractor systems, single trip perforators, tool bodies, abrasion resistant cylinders, drillable seals and cementing drillable plugs.
Claims (8)
1. In a method for manufacturing a tubular multilayer structure open at both axial ends wherein the tubular structure is made of a material comprising a continuous fiber pre-impregnated with a thermoplastic resin and wherein the tubular structure is formed by winding the material around a rotating heated mandrel, the improvement being in feeding the material from a supply station to a shaping station before the material is wound around the mandrel, heating the material over a shaped hot plate while in the shaping station to lightly melt the material without heating the entire wound structure, and tensioning the material to at least 15,000 psi before the material is wound around the mandrel to ensure good bonding of the wound layers.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the material is tensioned in the range of 15,000-25,000 psi.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the material is tensioned in the range of 20,000-25,000 psi.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the material is tensioned at a tensioning station located upstream from the shaping station.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the supply station and the tensioning station and the shaping station are mounted on a reciprocating table which moves parallel to the mandrel.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the material is a continuous carbon fiber composite.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the material is tensioned at a tensioning station located upstream from the shaping station.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the material is a continuous carbon fiber composite.
Priority Applications (1)
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US10/035,062 US20030121594A1 (en) | 2001-12-28 | 2001-12-28 | Method for manufacture of tubular multilayer structure from fiber-resin material |
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US10/035,062 US20030121594A1 (en) | 2001-12-28 | 2001-12-28 | Method for manufacture of tubular multilayer structure from fiber-resin material |
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US10/035,062 Abandoned US20030121594A1 (en) | 2001-12-28 | 2001-12-28 | Method for manufacture of tubular multilayer structure from fiber-resin material |
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Cited By (12)
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US20050202557A1 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2005-09-15 | Jeffrey Borenstein | Micromachined bilayer unit of engineered tissues |
US20060019326A1 (en) * | 2003-01-16 | 2006-01-26 | Vacanti Joseph P | Use of three-dimensional microfabricated tissue engineered systems for pharmacologic applications |
US20100098742A1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2010-04-22 | Vacanti Joseph P | Fabrication of tissue lamina using microfabricated two-dimensional molds |
US8357528B2 (en) | 2003-05-21 | 2013-01-22 | The General Hospital Corporation | Microfabricated compositions and processes for engineering tissues containing multiple cell types |
US8921692B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2014-12-30 | Ticona Llc | Umbilical for use in subsea applications |
CN104860139A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-08-26 | 邯郸市伟业地热开发有限公司 | Super-long water filtering pipe wire wrapping machine |
US9190184B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2015-11-17 | Ticona Llc | Composite core for electrical transmission cables |
CN105082554A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽汇科恒远复合材料有限公司 | Machining method and system for novel conical composite material electric pole |
US20160331873A1 (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2016-11-17 | Meko Laserstrahl-Materialbearbeitungen E.K. | Production of resorbable polymer tubes made of threads |
CN109230801A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-01-18 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | A kind of disk fibre of naked fibre puts fine device group |
US10676845B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2020-06-09 | Ticona Llc | Continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic rod and pultrusion method for its manufacture |
CN114074417A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-02-22 | 广东省桂粤实业有限公司 | Production equipment for bamboo-wound composite material pipeline |
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Cited By (21)
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US7759113B2 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2010-07-20 | The General Hospital Corporation | Fabrication of tissue lamina using microfabricated two-dimensional molds |
US8642336B2 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2014-02-04 | The General Hospital Corporation | Fabrication of vascularized tissue using microfabricated two-dimensional molds |
US20100267136A1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2010-10-21 | The General Hospital Corporation | Fabrication of vascularized tissue using microfabricated two-dimensional molds |
US20100098742A1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2010-04-22 | Vacanti Joseph P | Fabrication of tissue lamina using microfabricated two-dimensional molds |
US7776021B2 (en) | 2000-04-28 | 2010-08-17 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory | Micromachined bilayer unit for filtration of small molecules |
US20050202557A1 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2005-09-15 | Jeffrey Borenstein | Micromachined bilayer unit of engineered tissues |
US8491561B2 (en) | 2002-03-25 | 2013-07-23 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory | Micromachined bilayer unit of engineered tissues |
US7670797B2 (en) * | 2003-01-16 | 2010-03-02 | The General Hospital Corporation | Method of determining toxicity with three dimensional structures |
US8173361B2 (en) | 2003-01-16 | 2012-05-08 | The General Hospital Corporation | Method of determining metabolism of a test agent |
US20060019326A1 (en) * | 2003-01-16 | 2006-01-26 | Vacanti Joseph P | Use of three-dimensional microfabricated tissue engineered systems for pharmacologic applications |
US8357528B2 (en) | 2003-05-21 | 2013-01-22 | The General Hospital Corporation | Microfabricated compositions and processes for engineering tissues containing multiple cell types |
US9190184B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2015-11-17 | Ticona Llc | Composite core for electrical transmission cables |
US8921692B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2014-12-30 | Ticona Llc | Umbilical for use in subsea applications |
US9659680B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2017-05-23 | Ticona Llc | Composite core for electrical transmission cables |
US10676845B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2020-06-09 | Ticona Llc | Continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic rod and pultrusion method for its manufacture |
US20160331873A1 (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2016-11-17 | Meko Laserstrahl-Materialbearbeitungen E.K. | Production of resorbable polymer tubes made of threads |
US10456506B2 (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2019-10-29 | Meko Laserstrahl-Materialbearbeitungen E.K. | Production of resorbable polymer tubes made of threads |
CN104860139A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-08-26 | 邯郸市伟业地热开发有限公司 | Super-long water filtering pipe wire wrapping machine |
CN105082554A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽汇科恒远复合材料有限公司 | Machining method and system for novel conical composite material electric pole |
CN109230801A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-01-18 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | A kind of disk fibre of naked fibre puts fine device group |
CN114074417A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-02-22 | 广东省桂粤实业有限公司 | Production equipment for bamboo-wound composite material pipeline |
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